WO2013004042A1 - 电压互感器串联加法校验方法及装置 - Google Patents

电压互感器串联加法校验方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013004042A1
WO2013004042A1 PCT/CN2011/079083 CN2011079083W WO2013004042A1 WO 2013004042 A1 WO2013004042 A1 WO 2013004042A1 CN 2011079083 W CN2011079083 W CN 2011079083W WO 2013004042 A1 WO2013004042 A1 WO 2013004042A1
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voltage
voltage transformer
port
transformer
semi
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PCT/CN2011/079083
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周峰
雷民
李旻
章述汉
王乐仁
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国网电力科学研究院
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Priority to US14/130,911 priority Critical patent/US20140247056A1/en
Publication of WO2013004042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013004042A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/62Testing of transformers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/02Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a voltage transformer error calibration method and a calibration device, belonging to the technical field of metering and precision testing, in particular to a voltage transformer serial addition method and device. Background technique
  • the standard voltage transformer is an important power frequency and voltage proportional measuring instrument with convenient and stable value.
  • PTB German Institute of Physics and Technology
  • a voltage transformer and a series addition circuit see “Method for Absolute Calibration of Voltage Transformer Errors", West German Electric Technology Journal ETZ-A75 S805), and established a German 120kV electromagnetic type.
  • Power frequency voltage ratio standard because the voltage stability and symmetry requirements of the center tap of the power supply transformer are very strict, it is necessary to use a precision AC stabilized power supply to control the harmonic distortion below 0.1%, and also to connect the voltage adjustment device at a high potential. To ensure the symmetry of the intermediate potential.
  • the secondary circuit can only be connected in parallel, and two sets of difference measuring devices are needed. It is difficult to adjust the balance between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit, and it has not been widely promoted in the international scope.
  • the National High Voltage Metering Station (China) invented a series addition circuit based on fully insulated voltage transformers (see Chinese invention patent 90100301.8, the principle circuit shown in Figure 1), and in 1992, established China l lOkV Power frequency voltage ratio standard device.
  • the device is highly traceable and has a self-calibration capability to form a self-calibration system.
  • the object of the present invention is to: provide a series addition verification method based on a semi-insulated voltage transformer and
  • the device is easy to operate and is not limited by the voltage level. It is used to measure the voltage transformer error variation, so as to realize the purpose of the low voltage class voltage transformer to carry out the magnitude transmission of the high voltage class voltage transformer.
  • the technical scheme of the invention is: a voltage transformer serial addition verification device, comprising: a symmetric high voltage test power supply, a three-port series voltage transformer, a semi-insulated voltage transformer, an error measuring device and a plurality of connecting wires, the characteristics thereof
  • the output of the symmetrical high-voltage test power supply is correspondingly connected to the input of the three-port series voltage transformer and the semi-insulated voltage transformer, and the symmetrical high-voltage test power source can output an independent voltage and simultaneously output a symmetrical voltage.
  • an output signal of the three-port series voltage transformer and a semi-insulated voltage transformer is connected to an error measuring device, wherein the error measuring device is used for a semi-insulated voltage transformer
  • the output port voltage ⁇ is a reference, and the voltage error is measured on the output voltage of the three-port series voltage transformer.
  • the voltage transformer serial addition check device as described above is characterized in that: the three-port series voltage transformer is composed of an upper stage and a lower stage, and the high voltage side and the low voltage side of the upper stage and the lower stage are connected in series, and the secondary winding of the upper stage A high-voltage isolation unit is provided, and the upper input port and the lower input port can respectively apply voltages independently, or voltage can be applied simultaneously.
  • a voltage transformer serial addition check method adopts the voltage transformer serial addition check device as described above, and the verification method comprises the following steps:
  • Formula: 7 7 — 2 Calculate the amount of error variation of the semi-insulated voltage transformer in ⁇ / 2 and below, and then obtain the voltage coefficient curve of the semi-insulated voltage transformer by interpolation.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. Method and installation of series addition method based on semi-insulated voltage transformer
  • the semi-insulated standard voltage transformer is used as the main standard, which has higher accuracy and voltage level than the fully insulated voltage transformer, and can be more in line with the actual requirements of the semi-insulated structure of the high voltage voltage transformer in power production;
  • the series addition verification method and device based on the semi-insulated voltage transformer conforms to the proportionality and superposition of the linear circuit, and only needs to change the power supply excitation state of the line during operation, and the voltage superposition principle can be used to eliminate the shielding leakage and the spurious parameter alignment. The influence of the test result reduces the measurement uncertainty; 3.
  • the circuit can be used to calibrate the error of the semi-insulated voltage transformer with suitable parameters, which has good openness.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional series connection circuit of a voltage transformer.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a series addition check device based on a semi-insulated voltage transformer in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a series addition check method based on a semi-insulated voltage transformer in the embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Tm bipolar test transformer
  • T 2 a fully insulated, fully shielded voltage transformer
  • ⁇ 3 standard voltage transformer
  • HE error measuring device
  • the differential end of the line
  • Un The reference voltage terminal of a line.
  • the markings in Figure 3 illustrate: TV!—lower level of three-port series voltage transformer, TV 2 —upper stage of three-port series voltage transformer, TV 3 —semi-insulated standard voltage transformer, ⁇ / Struktur one-three-port series voltage mutual inductance
  • the lower-level input port voltage of the device, t/ 12 the upper-level input port voltage of the three-port series voltage transformer.
  • the schematic diagram of the method and device for serially adding the semi-insulated voltage transformer based on the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the circuit includes a symmetrical high voltage test power supply 1, a three-port series voltage transformer 2, a semi-insulated voltage transformer TV 3 and an error measuring device HE.
  • the three-port series voltage transformer 2 is under
  • the TV is composed of the TV and the upper TV 2 , and the high voltage side and the low voltage side of the TVi and ⁇ 2 are connected in series, and the secondary winding of ⁇ 2 is provided with a high voltage isolation unit for isolating the secondary winding of the TV 2 and the ⁇ ⁇ The potential difference between the secondary windings.
  • the amount of error in the voltage [//2 and under the TV 3 can be determined by three measurements, and then The correlation curve between the error and the voltage of the TV 3 can be obtained by the interpolation method, which is abbreviated as a voltage coefficient curve. Then you only need to calibrate the error of one point (usually at 10% ⁇ 20% of the rated voltage), you can get the error curve of TV 3 in the full voltage measurement range.
  • This method can be used to manufacture a complete set of equipment for power frequency voltage proportional value traceability, and then a power frequency voltage standard value system from low voltage 10V to high voltage 1000kV can be established, which is used as a national or provincial level measurement standard.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验装置,包括对称性高压试验电源(1)、三端口串联电压互感器(2)、半绝缘电压互感器(3)及误差测量装置(4)。可制造用于工频电压比例量值溯源的成套设备,按照基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验线路,通过对三端口串联电压互感器与半绝缘电压互感器间的相对误差测量,并对测量结果进行数学处理后可以得到半绝缘电压互感器误差的电压系数曲线。上述校验方法操作方便,不受电压等级限制,可以建立从低压10V到高压1000kV的工频电压比例标准量值体系。

Description

电压互感器串联加法校验方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电压互感器误差标定方法及校验装置,属于计量和精密测试 科学技术领域, 尤其涉及一种电压互感器串联加法校验方法及装置。 背景技术
为了确保电能计量公平公正、准确规范, 使发电、输电及供电三方的利益得 到明确和保证, 按照我国计量法相关规定, 必须定期对测量用互感器实行强制检 定, 而要开展这项工作需要有提供标准量值的计量标准器具。
其中标准电压互感器作为使用方便,量值稳定的一种重要工频电压比例计量 器具, 其量值复现方法主要有三种: 参考电势法、 数字模拟法和电压加法。 1953 年, 德国物理技术研究院 (PTB)提出了电压互感器并串联加法线路 (参见《电 压互感器误差绝对标定的方法》 西德电气技术学报 ETZ-A75 S805 ) , 并建立了 德国 120kV 电磁式工频电压比例标准, 由于供电变压器中间抽头的电压稳定性 与对称度要求很严格, 要使用精密交流稳压电源, 把谐波失真控制在 0.1%以下, 还要在高电位接入电压调节装置以保证中间电位的对称性。另外二次回路只能按 并联方式连接, 需要两套差值测量装置, 在高压回路与低压回路各自调节平衡, 难度较大, 没有得到国际范围内的普遍推广。 1989 年, 国家高电压计量站 (中 国) 发明了基于全绝缘电压互感器的串联加法线路 (参见中国发明专利 90100301.8, 其原理线路如图 1所示) , 并于 1992年, 建立了我国 l lOkV工频 电压比例标准装置。 该套装置溯源性强, 而且兼有自校能力, 形成自校***。
但该方法在使用过程中仍然存在电压系数推定,在校验过程中, 由于屏蔽不 完善, 当屏蔽电位发生变化时, 泄漏电流流过励磁绕组, 一定程度上影响了标准 装置的测量不确定度。而且该线路基于全绝缘电压互感器的特点决定了其适用电 压等级不高于 220kV, 无法满足更高电压等级的应用需求。 发明内容
本发明的目的是:: 提供一种基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验方法及 装置, 操作方便, 不受电压等级限制, 用于测量电压互感器误差变化量, 从而实 现低电压等级电压互感器对高电压等级电压互感器开展量值传递的目的。
本发明的技术方案是: 一种电压互感器串联加法校验装置, 其包括: 对称性 高压试验电源、三端口串联电压互感器、半绝缘电压互感器、误差测量装置及若 干连接导线,其特征在于: 所述对称性高压试验电源的输出与三端口串联电压互 感器及半绝缘电压互感器的输入对应连接,所述对称性高压试验电源既可以输出 独立的电压,又可以同时输出对称性电压,用于产生和改变校验所需的高压电源; 所述三端口串联电压互感器及半绝缘电压互感器的输出信号接入误差测量装置, 所述误差测量装置用于以半绝缘电压互感器的输出端口电压 ^为参考, 对三端 口串联电压互感器输出端口电压 ^进行电压误差测量。
如上所述的电压互感器串联加法校验装置, 其特征在于: 所述三端口串联电 压互感器由上级和下级组成, 上级和下级的高压侧与低压侧均串联连接, 且上级 的二次绕组设置有高压隔离单元,上级输入端口和下级输入端口可以分别独立施 加电压, 也可以同时施加电压。
一种电压互感器串联加法校验方法, 采用如上所述的电压互感器串联加法校 验装置, 所述校验方法包括如下步骤:
1 ) 使用对称性高压试验电源, 对三端口串联电压互感器的上级端口施加半 电压 0、 下级端口施加电压半电压 ^2, 误差测量结果为£1;
2) 使用对称性高压试验电源, 对三端口串联电压互感器的上级端口施加半 电压 ^7/2、 下级端口施加电压 0, 误差测量结果为 ;
3 ) 使用对称性高压试验电源, 对三端口串联电压互感器的上级端口施加半 电压 2、 下级端口施加电压半电压 2, 误差测量结果为 ; 设半绝缘电压互感器在半电压 ul1和全电压 下的误差分别为 7和 , 则由 , _ ε + ε2
公式: 7 7— 2 计算可得半绝缘电压互感器在^/2和 下的误差变化 量, 进而通过插值法综合可以得到半绝缘电压互感器的电压系数曲线。
本发明的有益效果是: 1、 基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验方法及装 置采用半绝缘标准电压互感器作为主标准器,相对于全绝缘电压互感器准确度和 电压等级更高,而且可以更符合电力生产中高压电压互感器均为半绝缘结构的实 际需求; 2、 基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验方法及装置符合线性电路的 比例性和叠加性,操作过程中只需改变线路的电源激励状态,可利用电压叠加原 理消除屏蔽泄露和杂散参数对校验结果的影响, 减小测量不确定度; 3、 用该线 路可以对具有合适参数的半绝缘电压互感器进行误差标定, 具有良好的开放性。 附图说明
图 1是传统的电压互感器串联加法线路示意图。
图 2是本发明实施例中基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验装置的原理框图。 图 3 是本发明实施例中基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验方法的线路示意 图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
图 1 中的标记说明: Tm—双极性试验变压器, 一全绝缘全屏蔽型电压互 感器, T2, Τ3—标准电压互感器, HE—误差测量装置, ΔΙΙ—线路的差压端, Un 一线路的参考电压端。
图 2中的标记说明: 1一对称性高压试验电源, 2—三端口串联电压互感器,
3—半绝缘电压互感器, 4一误差测量装置, t/2—三端口串联电压互感器的输出 端口电压, 一半绝缘标准电压互感器输出端口电压, 、 K2—用于改变三端 口串联电压互感器激励状态的切换装置。
图 3 中的标记说明: TV!—三端口串联电压互感器的下级, TV2—三端口串 联电压互感器的上级, TV3—半绝缘标准电压互感器, ί/„一三端口串联电压互 感器的下级输入端口电压, t/12—三端口串联电压互感器的上级输入端口电压。 本发明实施例的基于半绝缘电压互感器的串联加法校验方法及装置示意图 如图 2所示, 该线路包括对称性高压试验电源 1、 三端口串联电压互感器 2、 半 绝缘电压互感器 TV3及误差测量装置 HE。 其中, 三端口串联电压互感器 2由下 级 TV!和上级 TV2组成, TVi和 τν2的高压侧与低压侧均串联连接, 且在 τν2 的二次绕组设置有高压隔离单元, 用于隔离 TV2的二次绕组与 Ί ^的二次绕组 间的电位差。
设 TV17 TV2和 TV3的额定电压比均为 , 在相同电压激励下的误差分别 为《、 β、 γ。 记三端口串联电压互感器 2的输出端口 U2对输入端口电压 [/„的 响应为 U2l, U2l =^(\ + a) , 对输入端口 电压 t/12 的响应为 t/22
K
U22 =^(1 + β),半绝缘电压互感器 TV3输出端口 U3对输入端口电压 ί/„的响应 Κ
为^, [/31 -— (1 + 7)' 对输入端口电压 2的响应为 ί32, ί/32=·^(1 + 。
Κ Κ
当电压互感器 Ί ^只在 [/„下工作, TV2只在 [/12下工作时,不表现出非线性, 于是 Ί ^和 TV2的串联线路满足线性电路条件, 根据叠加定理得到:
ϋ221 + ϋ22 =^(ΐ+α)+^(ΐ+β) 设 τν3在 [/^+^^下工作时的误差为 , 则有:
uu+uu
3 K
当对称性高压试验电源 1的输出分别为 t/„、 ^^和^/^+^^时(考虑到试验 电源的对称性, 有
Figure imgf000006_0001
按图 2所示线路测量串联电压互感器 2和半绝缘 电压互感器 TV3的比例误差分别为 £l、 £2和£3, 根据互感器误差定义有: u2l-u3l \ + a
-\» -γ (1)
U3l 1 + 7
Figure imgf000006_0002
U2-U3 _(l + a)/2 + (l + β)/2
(3) 综合 (1)、 (2)、 (3) 式得到:
Figure imgf000006_0003
这样, 通过三次测量即可确定 TV3在电压 [//2和 下的误差变化量, 进而 通过插值法综合可以得到 TV3的误差与电压的相关曲线,简称电压系数曲线。然 后只需标定其中一点的误差(一般在 10% ~20% 额定电压下), 即可得到 TV3在 全电压测量范围内的误差曲线。采用该方法可制造用于工频电压比例量值溯源的 成套设备,进而可以建立从低压 10V到高压 lOOOkV的工频电压比例标准量值体 系, 作为国家或省部级计量标准使用。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种电压互感器串联加法校验装置, 其包括: 对称性高压试验电源、 三 端口串联电压互感器、半绝缘电压互感器、误差测量装置及若干连接导线, 其特 征在于:所述对称性高压试验电源的输出与三端口串联电压互感器及半绝缘电压 互感器的输入对应连接,所述对称性高压试验电源既可以输出独立的电压, 又可 以同时输出对称性电压,用于产生和改变校验所需的高压电源; 所述三端口串联 电压互感器及半绝缘电压互感器的输出信号接入误差测量装置,所述误差测量装 置用于以半绝缘电压互感器的输出端口电压 为参考, 对三端口串联电压互感 器输出端口电压 υΊ进行电压误差测量。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的电压互感器串联加法校验装置, 其特征在于: 所述 三端口串联电压互感器由上级和下级组成,上级和下级的高压侧与低压侧均串联 连接, 且上级的二次绕组设置有高压隔离单元, 上级输入端口和下级输入端口可 以分别独立施加电压, 也可以同时施加电压。
3、一种电压互感器串联加法校验方法,采用如权利要求 2所述的电压互感器 串联加法校验装置, 所述校验方法包括如下步骤:
1 ) 使用对称性高压试验电源, 对三端口串联电压互感器的上级端口施加半 电压 0、 下级端口施加电压半电压 t//2, 误差测量结果为 ε1 ;
2) 使用对称性高压试验电源, 对三端口串联电压互感器的上级端口施加半 电压 t//2、 下级端口施加电压 0, 误差测量结果为 ε2 ;
3) 使用对称性高压试验电源, 对三端口串联电压互感器的上级端口施加半 电压 t//2、 下级端口施加电压半电压 [//2, 误差测量结果为 ε3 ; 设半绝缘电压互感器在半电压 ι 和全电压 下的误差分别为 y和 ,则由 公式: - y = - ε3计算可得半绝缘电压互感器在 Ι 和 U下的误差变化 量, 进而通过插值法综合可以得到半绝缘电压互感器的电压系数曲线。
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