WO2012149755A1 - 一种转发方法及转发装置 - Google Patents

一种转发方法及转发装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012149755A1
WO2012149755A1 PCT/CN2011/079883 CN2011079883W WO2012149755A1 WO 2012149755 A1 WO2012149755 A1 WO 2012149755A1 CN 2011079883 W CN2011079883 W CN 2011079883W WO 2012149755 A1 WO2012149755 A1 WO 2012149755A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inbound
interface
network element
interfaces
physical
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Application number
PCT/CN2011/079883
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦川
谭刃
丁维
杨振元
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2011/079883 priority Critical patent/WO2012149755A1/zh
Priority to CN201180001910.6A priority patent/CN102388568B/zh
Publication of WO2012149755A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012149755A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H04L12/2869—Operational details of access network equipments
    • H04L12/287—Remote access server, e.g. BRAS

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to a forwarding method and a forwarding device.
  • a network element to connect two networks is a typical network topology.
  • the two sides of the network element are a first network and a second network, respectively.
  • the network element can have multiple ingress interfaces and multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the network element may be connected to the first network through the multiple inbound interfaces, and connected to the second network by using the multiple physical outgoing interfaces.
  • the network device of the first network can send traffic to the network device of the second network through the network element. After receiving the traffic from the first network through the inbound interface, the network element can forward the traffic to the second network through the physical outbound interface.
  • the network element may be a Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS).
  • the first network can be a switch as well as a video server.
  • the video server can be connected to the inbound interface of the BRAS through the switch.
  • the second network can include a router as well as a personal computer.
  • the personal computer can be connected to the physical outbound interface of the BRAS through the router.
  • the video server can transfer video files to a personal computer via the BRAS.
  • the network element receives the traffic of the first network connected to the multiple inbound interfaces of the network element, and forwards the traffic to the second network connected to multiple physical outbound interfaces of the network element.
  • the network element can forward traffic from the first network to the second network through other physical outgoing interfaces. This may cause congestion on other physical outbound interfaces of the network element.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a forwarding method and device, which can solve the following technical problems:
  • a physical outbound interface of a network element fails, the network element forwards the traffic received by the inbound interface of the network element through other physical outgoing interfaces, which may cause other The technical problem of congestion on the physical outbound interface.
  • a forwarding method includes: The physical outbound interface of the first network element is faulty, and the inbound interface of the first network element is triggered to be closed, and the total bandwidth of the closed inbound interface is determined according to the total bandwidth of the physical interface that is faulty.
  • the first network element includes a plurality of physical outgoing interfaces, where the failed physical outgoing interface is included in the multiple physical outgoing interfaces, the first network element includes multiple inbound interfaces, and the closed inbound interface is included in the multiple In the inbound interface, the multiple physical outbound interfaces are used to forward the traffic received by the multiple inbound interfaces;
  • the closed inbound interface triggers a network connected to the multiple inbound interfaces to send traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to a second network element for forwarding by the second network element, where
  • the second network element is a backup network element of the first network element.
  • the forwarding device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the first triggering unit is configured to: when the physical outbound interface of the first network element fails, trigger the inbound interface of the first network element to be closed, and determine the bandwidth of the inbound interface that is closed according to the sum of the bandwidths of the physical outbound interfaces that are faulty.
  • the first network element includes a plurality of physical outbound interfaces, the first network element includes multiple inbound interfaces, and the first network element includes a plurality of physical outbound interfaces, and the first network element includes multiple physical inbound interfaces, and the first network element includes multiple physical inbound interfaces.
  • the inbound interface is included in the multiple inbound interfaces, where the multiple physical outbound interfaces are used to forward traffic received by the multiple inbound interfaces;
  • a second triggering unit configured to trigger, according to the closed inbound interface determined by the first triggering unit, a network connected to the multiple inbound interfaces to send traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to The second network element is forwarded by the second network element, where the second network element is a backup network element of the first network element.
  • the physical outbound interface of the network element is faulty, and the inbound interface of the network element can be triggered to be closed.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces is determined based on the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the forwarding method and the forwarding device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can solve the problem that when the physical outbound interface of the network element is faulty, the network element forwards the traffic received by the inbound interface of the network element through other physical outbound interfaces, which may cause other physical outgoing interfaces.
  • Technical problems with congestion DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a network structure diagram of a forwarding method and an application scenario of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a forwarding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a forwarding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses a primary network element and a backup network element.
  • the primary network element is used to forward traffic from the user side to the network side. If the physical outbound interface of the primary NE fails, the inbound interface of the primary NE can be triggered to shut down.
  • the backup NE can be used to receive and forward traffic from the user side that cannot be received after the inbound interface of the primary NE is closed.
  • the following technical problem can be solved by the forwarding method and device provided by the embodiment of the present invention: When a physical outbound interface of the network element of the network element fails, the network element uses the other physical outbound interface on the network side to send traffic on the user side. Forward to the network side. This may cause congestion on other physical outbound interfaces on the network side of the network element.
  • the first network element involved in the embodiment of the present invention may be a BRAS.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of networking of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the networking diagram includes two BRASs, the primary BRAS and the backup BRAS.
  • the BRAS is connected to the second network through a physical outgoing interface.
  • the BRAS is connected to the first network through a physical ingress.
  • BRAS is received through the physical inbound interface Traffic from the first network.
  • the BRAS forwards the traffic to the second network through the physical outbound interface.
  • the second network has three routers, which are a first router, a second router, and a third router.
  • the primary BRAS is connected to the first router, the second router, and the third router through physical outbound interfaces n1, n2, and n3, respectively.
  • the physical outbound interfaces nl, n2, and n3 can form a logical outbound interface.
  • the logical outgoing interface can be an aggregated trunk port.
  • the backup BRAS is connected to the first router, the second router, and the third router through physical outbound interfaces n4, n5, and n6, respectively.
  • Physical outbound interfaces n4, n5, and n6 can also form a logical outbound interface.
  • the logical outgoing interface can also be an aggregated trunk port.
  • the first network has three access devices, namely, access device 1, access device 2, and access device 3.
  • the primary BRAS is connected to the access device 1, the access device 2, and the access device 3 through physical inbound interfaces ml, m2, and m3, respectively.
  • the physical inbound interface of the primary BRAS can be a Fast Ethernet port or a Gigabyte Ethernet port.
  • the backup BRAS is connected to the access device 1, the access device 2, and the access device 3 through physical inbound interfaces m4, m5, and m6, respectively.
  • the physical inbound interface of the backup BRAS can also be a Fast Ethernet port or a Gigabyte Ethernet port.
  • User 1 and User 2 are connected to the BRAS through the access device 1.
  • the access device 1 forwards traffic from User 1 or User 2 to the primary BRAS.
  • access device 1 can forward traffic from user 1 or user 2 to the backup BRAS.
  • User 3 and user 4 are connected to the BRAS through the access device 2.
  • the access device 2 forwards traffic from User 3 or User 4 to the primary BRAS.
  • access device 2 can forward traffic from user 3 or user 4 to backup BRAS 0.
  • User 5 and user 6 are connected to the BRAS through the access device 3.
  • the access device 3 forwards traffic from the user 5 or the user 6 to the primary BRAS.
  • access device 3 can forward traffic from user 5 or user 6 to backup BRAS 0.
  • Access devices 1 to 3 may be switches or base stations. When the access devices 1 to 3 are switches, the users 1 to 6 may be set top boxes or personal computers. When the access devices 1 to 3 are base stations, the users 1 to 6 may be mobile phones.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a forwarding method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes:
  • the physical outbound interface of the first network element is faulty, and the inbound interface of the first network element is triggered to be closed.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces is determined based on the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the first network element includes multiple physical outgoing interfaces.
  • the failed physical outbound interface is included in the plurality of physical outbound interfaces.
  • the first network element includes a plurality of inbound interfaces, and the closed inbound interface is included in the plurality of inbound interfaces.
  • the multiple physical outbound interfaces are used to forward traffic received by the multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the first network element may have multiple implementation manners, and the present invention is not specifically limited.
  • the first network element can be a BRAS, a router, or a switch.
  • the first network element has multiple physical outgoing interfaces.
  • the first network element forwards the traffic received by the first network element to the second network by using the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the physical outgoing interface can be a Gigabyte Ethernet port or a Fast Ethernet port.
  • the multiple physical outgoing interfaces can form a logical outgoing interface, and the logical outgoing interface can be an aggregated TRUNK interface or a VLANIF interface.
  • the TRUNK interface can be an Ethernet (Terminal) TRUNK port or an Internet Protocol (IP) TRUNK port.
  • the plurality of physical outgoing interfaces can perform load sharing on the traffic forwarded by the first network element. Further, the load sharing may be non-equivalent load sharing.
  • the first network element may have other physical outgoing interfaces. If the physical outbound interfaces form a logical outbound interface and the first physical network interface includes other physical outgoing interfaces, the other physical outgoing interfaces may belong to logical outbound interfaces other than the logical outgoing interface.
  • the first network element has multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the first network element receives traffic from the first network through the multiple ingress interfaces. After receiving the traffic, the first network element may forward the traffic to the second network by using the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the inbound interface can be either a physical interface or a subinterface.
  • the physical interface can be a Gigabyte Ethernet port or a Fast Ethernet port.
  • VLANs virtual local area networks
  • Internet protocol that can use physical interfaces (Internet The protocol, IP address, and VLAN tag identify the sub-interface.
  • the traffic from the user side of the first network element may be an Internet Protocol Packet (IP Packet) or an Ethernet frame.
  • the first network element When the first network element is a BRAS, the first network may include an access device and a user equipment, and the second network may include a router and other user equipment.
  • the user device can be a personal computer, a video server, a set top box, a cell phone, or a personal digital assistant.
  • the user equipment may be directly connected to the first network element, or may be indirectly connected to the first network element through the access device.
  • the access device can be a switch.
  • the access device When the user equipment is a mobile phone or a personal digital assistant, the access device can be a base station.
  • the other user equipment When the first network element is a BRAS, the other user equipment may be a personal computer or a video server.
  • Other user equipments may be directly connected to the first network element, or may be indirectly connected to the first network element through a router.
  • the video server of the first network can send a video file to the personal computer of the second network element through the first network element.
  • the fault that occurs on the physical outbound interface of the first NE can be a protocol fault or a physical fault.
  • the protocol failure may be an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) failure or an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) failure.
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4
  • IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
  • a physical fault can be that the optical fiber corresponding to the interface or the coaxial cable corresponding to the interface is removed.
  • the inbound interface of the first network element is triggered to be closed by the following mechanism.
  • the inbound interface is a physical interface
  • the physical interface can be closed by unplugging the optical fiber or coaxial cable corresponding to the physical interface.
  • the inbound interface is a subinterface
  • you modify the configuration of a sub-interface you can delete the IP address of the physical interface corresponding to the sub-interface or the VLAN tag of the sub-interface.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces is determined based on the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces may be greater than or equal to the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the first network element can detect that the physical outbound interface is faulty and adjust the forwarding path. After the forwarding path of the first network element is adjusted, the traffic received by the inbound interface other than the inbound interface of the multiple inbound interfaces may be forwarded to the physical outbound interface of the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • Two networks There are several ways to adjust the forwarding path. For example, when the first network element is a router or
  • the failure of the physical interface of the first network element means that the network topology changes.
  • the first network element detects that the network topology changes, and triggers a route convergence mechanism to modify the routing forwarding table and the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table.
  • ARP Address Resolution Protocol
  • the first network element is a switch
  • the physical failure of the physical interface of the first network element means that the network topology changes.
  • the first network element detects that the network topology changes, and can trigger a re-routing mechanism to modify the ARP table.
  • the first network element can also adjust the forwarding path.
  • the primary BRAS is the first network element.
  • the physical outbound interface nl of the primary BRAS fails, the physical inbound interface ml and m2 can be triggered to be shut down.
  • Ml and m2 can be turned off by pulling out the fibers corresponding to ml and m2.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of ml and m2 is greater than or equal to the bandwidth of nl.
  • the closed inbound interface triggers a network connected to the multiple inbound interfaces to send traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to the second network element for forwarding by the second network element.
  • the second network element is a backup network element of the first network element.
  • the second network element when the first network element is the primary router, the second network element is the backup router of the primary router.
  • the first network element is the primary BRAS
  • the second network element is the backup BRAS of the primary BRAS.
  • the network connected to the plurality of inbound interfaces is the first network.
  • the inbound interface of the first network element is closed. Sending traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to the second network element by triggering the first network.
  • the first network may sense that the inbound interface is closed, and then send traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to the second network element.
  • the second network element may forward the traffic to the second network.
  • the first network can be configured to detect that the inbound interface of the first network element is closed.
  • the inbound interface is a physical interface
  • the optical fiber or coaxial cable corresponding to the physical interface is removed, the first network can pass.
  • a certain mechanism perceives a physical failure of the physical interface. For example, it can be perceived by Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).
  • BFD Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
  • the inbound interface of the first network element is a sub-interface
  • the first network may be aware of the management failure of the sub-interface through software.
  • the backup BRAS is the second network element.
  • the access device 1 directly connected to ml can pass BFD.
  • the access device 1 senses that a physical failure occurs in ml
  • the access device 1 sends the traffic to be sent to ml to m4.
  • the backup BRAS receives the traffic, it forwards the traffic to the second network.
  • access device 2 can also detect a physical failure of m2.
  • Backup BRAS can also receive traffic from access device 2 to m2 via m5. After the backup BRAS receives the traffic, it can also forward the traffic to the second network.
  • the physical outbound interface of the first network element is faulty, and the inbound interface of the first network element can be triggered to be closed.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces is determined based on the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces may be greater than or equal to the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces may be slightly smaller than the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outgoing interfaces.
  • the forwarding method can solve the problem that when the physical outbound interface of the network element fails, the network element forwards the traffic received by the inbound interface of the network element through other physical outbound interfaces, which may cause other physical outgoing interfaces to be sent.
  • the technical problem of congestion is also correspondingly reduced.
  • the multiple inbound interfaces can be used to forward traffic received by the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the plurality of physical outgoing interfaces may be bidirectional.
  • the first network element can receive traffic from the second network through the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the plurality of ingress interfaces can be bidirectional.
  • the first network element may forward the traffic received by the multiple physical outbound interfaces to the first network by using the multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the physical outbound interface of the first network element is faulty, the inbound interface of the first network element is triggered to be shut down, and the physical outbound interface is faulty.
  • the sum of the bandwidths determines the sum of the bandwidth of the inbound interfaces that are turned off. The above means that after the sum of the bandwidths of the plurality of physical outbound interfaces for receiving the traffic is reduced, the sum of the bandwidths of the multiple inbound interfaces used by the first network element for forwarding traffic is correspondingly reduced.
  • the rate at which the first network element receives the traffic through the multiple physical outbound interfaces is reduced, the rate at which the first network element forwards the traffic to the inbound interface that is not closed is not reduced.
  • the user corresponding to the inbound interface that is not closed does not perceive that the communication is interrupted. That is to say, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention reduces the impact of the failure of the physical outbound interface of the first network element on the QoS of the user corresponding to the inbound interface that is not closed.
  • the initiating the inbound interface of the first network element is specifically configured to: determine the inbound interface that is closed according to the priority corresponding to the multiple inbound interfaces, where the priority of the closed inbound interface is different from the multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the priority of other inbound interfaces which is used to determine the order in which the multiple inbound interfaces are closed.
  • the priority is used to determine the order in which the multiple inbound interfaces are closed.
  • the priorities of the multiple inbound interfaces may be separately identified by using a numerical value.
  • the priority of inbound interface 1, inbound interface 2, and inbound interface 3 can be 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
  • the order in which the inbound interfaces are closed is independent of the value of the value that identifies the priority of the inbound interface.
  • the priority of the inbound interface 1, the inbound interface 2, and the inbound interface 3 are 1, 2, and 3, respectively, the inbound interface can be in the inbound interface 1, the inbound interface 2, the inbound interface 3, or the inbound interface. 3.
  • the inbound interface After the inbound interface is closed, traffic from the first network to be sent to the closed inbound interface will be sent to the second network element. This means that the communication sent on the closed inbound interface is interrupted.
  • the user corresponding to the closed inbound interface especially the user who has high requirements on Quality of Service (QoS), may be aware of the communication interruption.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the triggering of the inbound interface of the first network element includes: comparing the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces with the threshold of each of the multiple inbound interfaces, when the first network element is When the threshold of the inbound interface is less than or equal to the sum of the bandwidths of the faulty physical outbound interface, the inbound interface of the first NE is triggered to be closed.
  • the first network element has three physical outbound interfaces xl, x2, and x3, and the bandwidth is 10 megabytes per second (MB/s).
  • the first network element has 30 ingress interfaces yl to y30, and the bandwidth is 1 MB/S.
  • the priority of the inbound interface yl to ylO is high; the priority of the inbound interface yl l to y20 is medium; the inbound interface of the inbound interface y21 to y30 is low.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a preferred solution for setting an priority for an inbound interface, which determines the priority of the inbound interface according to the threshold of the inbound interface. This solution gives you the flexibility to prioritize incoming interfaces.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a forwarding device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the device includes:
  • the first triggering unit 301 is configured to trigger the inbound interface of the first network element to be closed when the physical outbound interface of the first network element fails.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces is determined based on the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the first network element includes multiple physical outgoing interfaces.
  • the failed physical outbound interface is included in the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the first network element includes multiple inbound interfaces, and the closed inbound interface is included in the multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the multiple physical outbound interfaces are used to forward traffic received by the multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the first network element may have multiple implementation manners, and the present invention is not specifically limited.
  • the first network element can be a BRAS, a router, or a switch.
  • the first network element has multiple physical outgoing interfaces.
  • the first network element forwards the traffic received by the first network element to the second network by using the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the physical outgoing interface can be a Gigabyte Ethernet port or a Fast Ethernet port.
  • the physical outgoing interface can be a logical outgoing interface.
  • the logical outgoing interface can be an aggregated trunk port or a VLANIF interface. When the logical outgoing interface is a trunk port, the trunk port can be an Ethernet TRUNK interface or an IP TRUNK interface.
  • the multiple physical outbound interfaces may perform load sharing on the traffic forwarded by the first network element. Further, the load balancing may be non-equal load balancing.
  • the first network element may also be configured. There are other physical outbound interfaces. If the physical outbound interfaces form a logical outbound interface and the first network element also includes other physical outbound interfaces, the other physical outbound interfaces can belong to logical outbound interfaces other than the logical outbound interface.
  • the first network element has multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the first network element receives traffic from the first network through the plurality of ingress interfaces. After receiving the traffic, the first network element may forward the traffic to the second network through the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the inbound interface can be either a physical interface or a subinterface.
  • the physical interface can be a Gigabyte Ethernet port or a Fast Ethernet port.
  • the traffic of the first network element from the user side may be an IP packet or an Ethernet frame.
  • the first network may include an access device and a user equipment
  • the second network can include routers and other user equipment.
  • the user device can be a personal computer, a video server, a set top box, a cell phone, or a personal digital assistant.
  • the user equipment may be directly connected to the first network element, or may be indirectly connected to the first network element through the access device.
  • the access device may be a switch.
  • the access device may be a base station.
  • the other user equipment may be a personal computer or a video server.
  • Other user equipments may be directly connected to the first network element, or may be indirectly connected to the first network element through a router.
  • the video server of the first network may send the video file to the personal computer of the second network element through the first network element.
  • the fault that occurs on the physical outbound interface of the first NE can be a protocol fault or a physical fault.
  • the protocol failure can be an IPv4 failure or an IPv6 failure.
  • a physical fault can be that the fiber corresponding to the interface or the coaxial cable corresponding to the interface is removed.
  • the inbound interface of the first network element is triggered to be closed by the following mechanism.
  • the inbound interface is a physical interface
  • the physical interface can be closed by unplugging the optical fiber or coaxial cable corresponding to the physical interface.
  • the inbound interface is a subinterface
  • you modify the configuration of a sub-interface you can delete the IP address of the physical interface corresponding to the sub-interface or the VLAN tag of the sub-interface.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces is determined based on the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the inbound interfaces that are shut down may be greater than or equal to the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces may be slightly smaller than the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the first network element can detect that the physical outbound interface is faulty and adjust the forwarding path. After the forwarding path of the first network element is adjusted, the traffic received by the inbound interface other than the inbound interface of the multiple inbound interfaces may be forwarded to the physical outbound interface of the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • Two networks There are several ways to adjust the forwarding path. For example, when the first network element is a router or In the BRAS, the failure of the physical interface of the first network element means that the network topology changes. The first network element detects that the network topology changes, and triggers a route convergence mechanism to modify the routing forwarding table and the ARP table. In the specific implementation, the entry of the IP address of the physical outbound interface of the faulty physical interface is deleted.
  • the first network element can delete the entry of the port number corresponding to the physical outbound interface of the ARP entry.
  • the failure of the physical interface of the first network element means that the network topology changes.
  • the first network element detects that the network topology changes, and can trigger a re-routing mechanism to modify the ARP table.
  • the first network element can also adjust the forwarding path.
  • the primary BRAS is the first network element.
  • the physical outbound interface nl of the primary BRAS fails, the physical inbound interface ml and m2 can be triggered to be shut down.
  • Ml and m2 can be turned off by pulling out the fibers corresponding to ml and m2.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of ml and m2 is greater than or equal to the bandwidth of nl.
  • the second triggering unit 302 is configured to trigger, according to the closed inbound interface determined by the first triggering unit, a network connected to the multiple inbound interfaces to send traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to the second network.
  • the element is forwarded by the second network element.
  • the second network element is a backup network element of the first network element.
  • the second network element when the first network element is the primary router, the second network element is the backup router of the primary router.
  • the first network element is the primary BRAS
  • the second network element is the backup BRAS of the primary BRAS.
  • the network connected to the plurality of inbound interfaces is the first network.
  • the inbound interface of the first network element is closed, and the first network may be triggered to send traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to the second network element.
  • the first network can sense that the inbound interface is closed, and then send traffic to be sent to the closed inbound interface to the second network element.
  • the second network element can forward the traffic to the second network.
  • the first network may be aware that the inbound interface of the first network element is closed by using a certain mechanism: when the inbound interface is a physical interface, when the optical fiber or coaxial cable corresponding to the physical interface is pulled out, A network can perceive a physical failure of the physical interface through a certain mechanism. For example, it can be perceived by BFD.
  • the inbound interface of the first network element is a sub-interface
  • the first network may be aware of the management failure of the sub-interface through software.
  • the backup BRAS is the second network element.
  • the access device 1 directly connected to ml can pass BFD.
  • the access device 1 senses that a physical failure occurs in ml
  • the access device 1 sends the traffic to be sent to ml to m4.
  • the backup BRAS receives the traffic, it forwards the traffic to the second network.
  • access device 2 can also detect a physical failure of m2.
  • Backup BRAS can also receive traffic from access device 2 to m2 via m5. After the backup BRAS receives the traffic, it can also forward the traffic to the second network.
  • the physical outbound interface of the network element is faulty, and the inbound interface of the network element can be triggered to be closed.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces is determined based on the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces may be greater than or equal to the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces.
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces may be slightly smaller than the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outgoing interfaces.
  • the forwarding device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can solve the problem that when the physical outbound interface of the network element fails, the network element forwards the traffic received by the inbound interface of the network element through other physical outbound interfaces, which may cause congestion on other physical outgoing interfaces. technical problem.
  • the multiple inbound interfaces can be used to forward traffic received by the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the plurality of physical outgoing interfaces may be bidirectional.
  • the first network element can receive traffic from the second network through the multiple physical outbound interfaces.
  • the plurality of ingress interfaces can be bidirectional.
  • the first network element may forward the traffic received by the multiple physical outbound interfaces to the first network by using the multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the first network element The physical outbound interface is faulty, triggering the inbound interface of the first network element to be closed, and determining the sum of the bandwidths of the closed inbound interfaces according to the sum of the bandwidths of the physical outbound interfaces that have failed.
  • the above means that after the sum of the bandwidths of the plurality of physical outbound interfaces for receiving the traffic is reduced, the sum of the bandwidths of the multiple inbound interfaces used by the first network element to forward the traffic is correspondingly reduced.
  • the rate at which the first network element receives the traffic through the multiple physical outbound interfaces is reduced, the rate at which the first network element forwards the traffic to the inbound interface that is not closed in the multiple inbound interfaces is not reduced.
  • the user corresponding to the inbound interface that is not closed does not perceive that the communication is interrupted. That is to say, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention reduces the impact of the failure of the physical outbound interface of the first network element on the QoS of the user corresponding to the inbound interface that is not closed.
  • the first trigger unit specifically includes:
  • the priority determining unit is configured to determine a priority corresponding to the multiple inbound interfaces, where the priority is used to determine a closing order of the multiple inbound interfaces.
  • the inbound interface determining unit is configured to determine, according to the priority corresponding to the multiple inbound interfaces determined by the priority determining unit, the closed inbound interface, where the closed inbound interface has a different priority from the multiple inbound interfaces The priority of other inbound interfaces.
  • the priority is used to determine the order in which the multiple inbound interfaces are closed.
  • the priorities of the multiple inbound interfaces may be separately identified by using a numerical value.
  • the priority of inbound interface 1, inbound interface 2, and inbound interface 3 can be 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
  • the order in which the inbound interfaces are closed is independent of the value of the value that identifies the priority of the inbound interface.
  • the priority of the inbound interface 1, the inbound interface 2, and the inbound interface 3 are 1, 2, and 3, respectively, the inbound interface can be in the inbound interface 1, the inbound interface 2, the inbound interface 3, or the inbound interface. 3.
  • the inbound interface After the inbound interface is closed, traffic from the first network to be sent to the closed inbound interface will be sent to the second network element. This means that communication that occurs on the inbound interface that was shut down is interrupted.
  • the user corresponding to the closed inbound interface especially the user with higher QoS requirements, may be aware of the communication interruption. By setting different priorities for different inbound interfaces, you can achieve a higher priority incoming interface night.
  • the inbound interface with or at the same time is closed. Reduces the possibility that communication with a higher priority incoming interface is turned off.
  • the priority determining unit specifically includes a subunit, where the subunit is configured to determine a priority of the inbound interface according to a threshold of the inbound interface;
  • the first trigger unit specifically includes:
  • a comparison unit configured to compare the sum of the bandwidths of the failed physical outbound interfaces with the threshold of each of the multiple inbound interfaces, where the threshold of the inbound interface of the first network element is less than or equal to the threshold When the sum of the bandwidths of the faulty physical outbound interfaces is reached, the inbound interface that triggers the first network element is closed.
  • the first network element has three physical outbound interfaces xl, x2, and x3 with a bandwidth of 10 MB/s.
  • the first network element has 30 ingress interfaces yl to y30, and the bandwidth is 1 MB/S.
  • the priority of the inbound interface yl to ylO is high; the priority of the inbound interface yl l to y20 is medium; the inbound interface of the inbound interface y21 to y30 is low.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a preferred solution for setting an priority for an inbound interface, which determines the priority of the inbound interface according to the threshold of the inbound interface. This solution gives you the flexibility to prioritize incoming interfaces.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种转发方法，包括：第一网元的物理出接口发生故障，触发第一网元的入接口关闭，根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和，第一网元包括多个物理出接口和多个入接口，多个物理出接口用于转发多个入接口收到的流量；被关闭的入接口触发与多个入接口连接的网絡将欲发送至被关闭的入接口的流量发送至第二网元以便第二网元进行转发，第二网元是第一网元的备份网元。此外，本发明实施例还提供了相应的转发装置。通过本发明实施例提供的转发方法及装置，可以解决当网元的部分物理出接口发生故障时，网元通过其他物理出接口转发该网元的入接口接收的流量可能导致其他物理出接口发生拥塞的技术问题。

Description

一种转发方法及转发装置 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术， 尤其涉及转发方法及转发装置。
背景技术
使用网元将两个网絡连接起来是一种典型的网絡拓朴结构。 该网絡拓朴 结构中， 该网元的两侧分别是第一网絡和第二网絡。 该网元可以有多个入接 口和多个物理出接口。 该网元可以通过该多个入接口与第一网絡相连， 通过 该多个物理出接口与第二网絡相连。 第一网絡的网絡设备可以通过该网元向 第二网絡的网絡设备发送流量。 该网元通过入接口收到来自第一网絡的流量 后， 可以通过物理出接口将该流量转发至第二网絡。 具体实现时， 该网元可 以是宽带远程接入服务器（ Broadband Remote Access Server, BRAS ) 。 第一 网絡可以是包括交换机以及视频服务器。 视频服务器可以通过交换机与 BRAS 的入接口相连。 第二网絡可以包括路由器以及个人电脑。 个人电脑可 以通过路由器与 BRAS的物理出接口相连。 视频服务器可以通过 BRAS向个 人电脑传输视频文件。
发明人发现现有技术存在以下技术问题：
网元收到与该网元多个入接口相连的第一网絡的流量， 并将该流量转发 至与该网元多个物理出接口相连的第二网絡。 当该网元的部分物理出接口发 生故障时， 该网元可以通过其他物理出接口将来自第一网絡的流量转发至第 二网絡。 这可能导致该网元的其他物理出接口发生拥塞。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种转发方法及装置， 可以解决以下技术问题： 当网 元的部分物理出接口发生故障时， 网元通过其他物理出接口转发该网元的入 接口接收的流量可能导致其他物理出接口发生拥塞的技术问题。
一方面， 本发明实施例提供的一种转发方法， 包括： 第一网元的物理出接口发生故障， 触发所述第一网元的入接口关闭， 根 据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和， 所述 第一网元包括多个物理出接口， 所述发生故障的物理出接口包含在所述多个 物理出接口中， 所述第一网元包括多个入接口， 所述被关闭的入接口包含在 所述多个入接口中， 所述多个物理出接口用于转发所述多个入接口收到的流 量；
所述被关闭的入接口触发与所述多个入接口连接的网絡将欲发送至所述 被关闭的入接口的流量发送至第二网元以便所述第二网元进行转发， 所述第 二网元是所述第一网元的备份网元。
另一方面， 本发明实施例提供的转发装置， 包括：
第一触发单元， 用于当第一网元的物理出接口发生故障时， 触发所述第 一网元的入接口关闭， 根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的 入接口的带宽总和， 所述第一网元包括多个物理出接口， 所述发生故障的物 理出接口包含在所述多个物理出接口中， 所述第一网元包括多个入接口， 所 述被关闭的入接口包含在所述多个入接口中， 所述多个物理出接口用于转发 所述多个入接口收到的流量；
第二触发单元，用于根据所述第一触发单元确定的所述被关闭的入接口， 触发与所述多个入接口连接的网絡将欲发送至所述被关闭的入接口的流量发 送至第二网元以便所述第二网元进行转发， 所述第二网元是所述第一网元的 备份网元。
可见， 通过本发明实施例提供的转发方法及转发装置， 网元的物理出接 口发生故障， 可以触发该网元的入接口关闭。 根据发生故障的物理出接口的 带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和。
因此， 本发明实施例提供的转发方法及转发装置可以解决当网元的部分 物理出接口发生故障时 , 网元通过其他物理出接口转发该网元的入接口接收 的流量可能导致其他物理出接口发生拥塞的技术问题。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在 不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 是本发明实施例提供的转发方法及装置某一应用场景的组网结构 图；
图 2是本发明实施例提供的转发方法的流程图；
图 3是本发明实施例提供的转发装置的示意图。
具体实 式 为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例使用主网元和备份网元。 主网元用于将来自用户侧的流量 转发至网絡侧。 主网元的物理出接口发生故障， 可以触发主网元的入接口关 闭。 备份网元可以用于接收并转发主网元的入接口被关闭后无法接收的来自 用户侧的流量。 通过本发明实施例提供的转发方法及装置， 可以解决以下技 术问题： 当该网元的网絡侧的部分物理出接口发生故障时， 该网元通过网絡 侧的其他物理出接口将用户侧的流量转发至网絡侧。 这可能导致该网元的网 絡侧的其他物理出接口发生拥塞。 本发明实施例涉及的第一网元可以是 BRAS。
图 1为本发明实施例某一应用场景的组网结构图。 组网结构图包括两台 BRAS , 分别是主 BRAS和备份 BRAS。 BRAS通过物理出接口与第二网絡相 连。 BRAS 通过物理入接口与第一网絡相连。 BRAS 通过物理入接口接收来 自第一网絡的流量。 收到该流量后， BRAS 通过物理出接口将该流量转发至 第二网絡。 第二网絡有三台路由器， 分别是第一路由器、 第二路由器以及第 三路由器。 主 BRAS通过物理出接口 nl、 n2以及 n3 , 分别与第一路由器、 第二路由器以及第三路由器相连。 物理出接口 nl、 n2以及 n3可以组成一个 逻辑出接口。 该逻辑出接口可以是汇聚 TRUNK口。 备份 BRAS通过物理出 接口 n4、 n5以及 n6, 分别与第一路由器、 第二路由器以及第三路由器相连。 物理出接口 n4、 n5以及 n6也可以组成一个逻辑出接口。 该逻辑出接口也可 以是汇聚 TRUNK口。 第一网絡有三台接入设备， 分别是接入设备 1、接入设 备 2以及接入设备 3。 其中， 主 BRAS通过物理入接口 ml、 m2以及 m3分别 与接入设备 1、 接入设备 2以及接入设备 3相连。 主 BRAS的物理入接口可 以是快速以太（ Fast Ethernet ) 口或者千兆以太（ Gigabyte Ethernet ) 口。 备份 BRAS通过物理入接口 m4、 m5以及 m6分别与接入设备 1、 接入设备 2以及 接入设备 3相连。 备份 BRAS 的物理入接口也可以是 Fast Ethernet 口或者 Gigabyte Ethernet口。
用户 1和用户 2通过接入设备 1与 BRAS相连。 接入设备 1将来自用户 1或用户 2的流量转发至主 BRAS。 当 ml发生故障时， 接入设备 1可以将来 自用户 1或用户 2的流量转发至备份 BRAS。
用户 3和用户 4通过接入设备 2与 BRAS相连。 接入设备 2将来自用户 3或用户 4的流量转发至主 BRAS。 当 m2发生故障时， 接入设备 2可以将来 自用户 3或用户 4的流量转发至备份 BRAS0
用户 5和用户 6通过接入设备 3与 BRAS相连。 接入设备 3将来自用户 5或用户 6的流量转发至主 BRAS。 当 m3发生故障时， 接入设备 3可以将来 自用户 5或用户 6的流量转发至备份 BRAS0
接入设备 1至 3可以是交换机或者基站。 当接入设备 1至 3是交换机时， 用户 1至用户 6可以是机顶盒、 个人电脑。 当接入设备 1至 3是基站时， 用 户 1至用户 6可以是手机。 实施例一：
本发明实施例提供了一种转发方法。 参见图 2, 图 2是本发明实施例提 供的转发方法的流程图， 该方法包括：
201 : 第一网元的物理出接口发生故障， 触发该第一网元的入接口关闭。 根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和。 该 第一网元包括多个物理出接口。 该发生故障的物理出接口包含在该多个物理 出接口中。 该第一网元包括多个入接口， 该被关闭的入接口包含在该多个入 接口中。 该多个物理出接口用于转发该多个入接口收到的流量。
具体实现时， 第一网元可以有多种实现方式， 本发明不做具体的限定。 例如， 第一网元可以是 BRAS、 路由器或者交换机。
第一网元有多个物理出接口。 第一网元通过该多个物理出接口向第二网 絡转发第一网元收到的流量。 该物理出接口可以是 Gigabyte Ethernet口， 或 者是 Fast Ethernet 口。 该多个物理出接口可以组成逻辑出接口， 该逻辑出接 口可以是汇聚 TRUNK口， 或者虚拟局域网接口 （ VLANIF Interface )。 当该 逻辑出接口是 TRUNK口时， 该 TRUNK口可以是以太网（ Ethernet ) TRUNK 口， 也可以是网际协议（ Internet Protocol, IP ) TRUNK口。 此夕卜， 该多个物 理出接口可以对第一网元转发的流量进行负载分担。 进一步的， 该负载分担 可以是非等值负载分担。 除了该多个物理出接口， 第一网元还可以有其他物 理出接口。 如果该多个物理出接口组成逻辑出接口并且第一网元还包括其他 物理出接口， 其他物理出接口可以属于该逻辑出接口之外的逻辑出接口。
第一网元有多个入接口。 第一网元通过该多个入接口接收来自第一网絡 流量。 第一网元收到该流量后， 可以通过该多个物理出接口将该流量转发至 第二网絡。 该入接口可以是物理接口， 也可以是子接口。 该物理接口可以是 Gigabyte Ethernet口， 或者是 Fast Ethernet口。 为实现第一网元通过一个物理 接口与多个虚拟局域网 （ Virtual Local Area Network , VLAN )相连， 可以在 物理入接口上配置多个子接口。 可以用物理接口的网际协议 （ Internet Protocol , IP )地址以及 VLAN标签对子接口进行标识。 第一网元来自用户侧 的流量可以是网际协议分组（ Internet Protocol Packet, IP Packet ) , 也可以是 以太网帧 （ Ethernet Frame ) 。
当第一网元是 BRAS时， 第一网絡可以包括接入设备以及用户设备， 第 二网絡可以包括路由器以及其他用户设备。 该用户设备可以是个人电脑、 视 频服务器、 机顶盒、 手机或者个人数字助理。 用户设备可以与第一网元直连， 也可以通过该接入设备与第一网元间接连接。 当用户设备是个人电脑、 视频 服务器或者机顶盒时， 接入设备可以是交换机。 当用户设备是手机或者个人 数字助理时， 接入设备可以是基站。 当第一网元是 BRAS时， 其他用户设备 可以是个人电脑或者视频服务器。 其他用户设备可以与第一网元直连， 也可 以通过路由器与第一网元间接连接。 当第一网元是 BRAS时， 第一网絡的视 频服务器可以通过该第一网元向第二网元的个人电脑发送视频文件。
第一网元的物理出接口发生的故障， 可以是协议故障或者物理故障。 其 中， 协议故障可以是网际协议版本 4 ( Internet Protocol version 4, IPv4 )故障， 或者网际协议版本 6 ( Internet Protocol version 6 , IPv6 )故障。 物理故障可以 是接口对应的光纤或者接口对应的同轴电缆被拔出。
可以通过如下机制具体实现触发第一网元的入接口关闭。 当入接口是物 理接口时 ,可通过拔出该物理接口对应的光纤或者同轴电缆关闭该物理接口。 当入接口是子接口时， 可通过修改该子接口的配置信息关闭该子接口。 修改 子接口的配置信息具体实现时，可以是删除子接口对应的物理接口的 IP地址， 或者子接口对应的 VLAN标签。 第一网元的入接口关闭后， 第一网元无法通 过被关闭的入接口接收来自第一网絡的流量。
根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总 和。 具体实现时， 被关闭的入接口的带宽总和可以大于或者等于发生故障的 物理出接口的带宽总和。 当该多个物理出接口转发流量的速率总和小于该多 个物理出接口的带宽总和时， 被关闭的入接口的带宽总和可以略小于发生故 障的物理出接口的带宽总和。
第一网元可以感知到物理出接口发生故障， 并对转发路径进行调整。 第 一网元的转发路径调整后， 该多个入接口中该被关闭的入接口之外的入接口 收到的流量可以通过该多个物理出接口中该发生故障的物理出接口转发至第 二网絡。 转发路径的调整方式可以有多种。 例如， 当第一网元是路由器或者
BRAS 时， 第一网元物理出接口发生故障意味着网絡拓朴发生变化。 第一网 元检测到网絡拓朴发生变化， 可以触发路由收敛机制， 从而对路由转发表以 及地址解析协议（Address Resolution Protocol, ARP )表进行修改。 具体实现 时，可以将路由转发表的表项中下一跳 IP地址为发生故障的物理出接口的 IP 地址的表项删除。 另外， 可以将 ARP表的表项中端口号为发生故障的物理出 接口对应的端口号的表项删除。 当第一网元是交换机时， 第一网元物理出接 口发生故障意味着网絡拓朴发生变化。 第一网元检测到网絡拓朴发生变化， 可以触发重新选路机制， 从而对 ARP表进行修改。 具体实现时， 可以将 ARP 表的表项中端口号为发生故障的物理出接口对应的端口号的表项删除。另外， 如果该多个物理出接口可以对第一网元转发的流量进行非等值负载分担， 则 第一网元也可以对转发路径进行调整。
参见图 1 , 主 BRAS是第一网元。 当主 BRAS的物理出接口 nl发生故障 时， 可以触发物理入接口 ml 以及 m2关闭。 可通过将 ml 以及 m2对应的光 纤拔出的方式将 ml 以及 m2关闭。 ml 以及 m2的带宽总和大于或者等于 nl 的带宽。
202:该被关闭的入接口触发与该多个入接口连接的网絡将欲发送至该被 关闭的入接口的流量发送至第二网元以便该第二网元进行转发。 该第二网元 是该第一网元的备份网元。
具体实现时， 当第一网元是主路由器时， 第二网元是该主路由器的备份 路由器。 当第一网元是主 BRAS时， 第二网元是该主 BRAS的备份 BRAS。
与该多个入接口连接的网絡即第一网絡。 第一网元的入接口被关闭， 可 以触发第一网絡将欲发送至该被关闭的入接口的流量发送至该第二网元。 具 体实现时， 第一网元的入接口被关闭后， 第一网絡可以感知到该入接口被关 闭， 进而将欲发送至该被关闭的入接口的流量发送至该第二网元。 第二网元 收到该流量后， 可将该流量转发至第二网絡。
第一网絡可以通过一定机制感知到第一网元的入接口被关闭： 在入接口 是物理接口的情况下， 当该物理接口对应的光纤或者同轴电缆被拔出时， 第 一网絡可以通过一定的机制感知到该物理接口发生物理故障。 例如， 可以通 过双向转发检测 （ Bidirectional Forwarding Detection, BFD )进行感知。 在第 一网元的入接口是子接口的情况下， 当第一网元通过软件将该子接口关闭 ( shutdown ) 时， 第一网絡可以通过软件感知到该子接口发生管理故障。
参见图 1 , 备份 BRAS是第二网元。 主 BRAS的物理入接口 ml被关闭 后， 与 ml直连的接入设备 1可以通过 BFD。 接入设备 1感知到 ml发生物 理故障后， 接入设备 1将欲发送至 ml的流量发送至 m4。 备份 BRAS收到该 流量后， 将该流量转发至第二网絡。 同样， m2被关闭后， 接入设备 2也可以 感知到 m2发生物理故障。备份 BRAS也可以通过 m5收到接入设备 2欲发送 至 m2的流量。 备份 BRAS收到该流量后， 也可以将该流量转发至第二网絡。
可见， 通过本发明实施例提供的转发方法， 第一网元的物理出接口发生 故障， 可以触发该第一网元的入接口关闭。 根据发生故障的物理出接口的带 宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和。 具体实现时， 被关闭的入接口的带 宽总和可以大于或者等于发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和。 当该多个物理 出接口转发流量的速率总和小于该多个物理出接口的带宽总和时， 被关闭的 入接口的带宽总和可以略小于发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和。也就是说， 该第一网元用于转发流量的该多个物理出接口的带宽总和减少后， 该第一网 元用于接收流量的该多个入接口的带宽总和也相应减少。 因此， 本发明实施 例提供的转发方法可以解决当网元的部分物理出接口发生故障时， 网元通过 其他物理出接口转发该网元的入接口接收的流量可能导致其他物理出接口发 生拥塞的技术问题。
可选的,
该多个入接口可以用于转发该多个物理出接口收到的流量。 具体来说， 该多个物理出接口可以是双向的。 第一网元可以通过该多个物理出接口接收 来自第二网絡的流量。 该多个入接口可以是双向的。 第一网元可以通过该多 个入接口将该多个物理出接口接收的流量转发至第一网絡。
在该多个入接口以及该多个物理出接口是双向接口的情况下， 第一网元 的物理出接口发生故障， 触发该第一网元的入接口关闭， 并根据发生故障的 物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和。 以上意味着， 该第 一网元用于接收流量的该多个物理出接口的带宽总和减少后， 该第一网元用 于转发流量的该多个入接口的带宽总和也相应减少。 因此， 第一网元通过该 多个物理出接口接收流量的速率降低后， 第一网元转发至该多个入接口中没 有被关闭的入接口的流量的速率没有响应降低。 另外， 与该被关闭的入接口 对应的用户不同， 没有被关闭的入接口对应的用户不会感知到通信被中断。 也就是说， 本发明实施例提供的方案降低了第一网元物理出接口发生故障对 没有被关闭的入接口对应的用户的 QoS的影响。
可选的,
该触发该第一网元的入接口关闭具体包括： 根据该多个入接口分别对应 的优先级确定该被关闭的入接口， 该被关闭的入接口的优先级不同于该多个 入接口中其他入接口的优先级，该优先级用于确定该多个入接口的关闭顺序。
优先级用于确定该多个入接口的关闭顺序。 具体实现时， 可以用数值对 该多个入接口的优先级分别进行标识。 例如入接口 1、 入接口 2以及入接口 3 的优先级可以分别是 1、 2以及 3。 入接口的关闭顺序与标识入接口的优先级 的数值的大小无关。 例如， 当入接口 1、 入接口 2 以及入接口 3的优先级分 别是 1、 2以及 3时， 入接口的关闭顺序可以是入接口 1、 入接口 2、 入接口 3 , 也可以是入接口 3、 入接口 2、 入接口 1。 入接口被关闭后， 来自第一网絡的欲发送至被关闭的入接口的流量将被 发送至第二网元。 这意味着发送在被关闭的入接口的通信被中断。 被关闭的 入接口对应的用户， 特别是对服务质量（ Quality of Service, QoS )要求较高 的用户可能会感知到该通信中断。 通过为不同的入接口设定不同优先级的手 段， 可以实现优先级高的入接口晚于或者同时与优先级低的入接口被关闭。 降低了优先级高的入接口的通信被关闭的可能性。
可选的,
该根据该多个入接口分别对应的优先级确定该被关闭的入接口具体包 括， 根据入接口的阔值确定该入接口的优先级；
该触发该第一网元的入接口关闭具体包括： 将该发生故障的物理出接口 的带宽的总和与该多个入接口中每个入接口的阔值进行比较， 当该第一网元 的入接口的阔值小于或等于该发生故障的物理出接口的带宽的总和时， 触发 该第一网元的入接口关闭。
例如， 第一网元有 3个物理出接口 xl、 x2以及 x3 , 带宽都是 10兆字节 每秒（MB/S )。 第一网元有 30个入接口 yl至 y30, 带宽都是 1 MB/S。 其中， 入接口 yl至 ylO的优先级为高； 入接口 yl l至 y20的优先级为中； 入接口 y21至 y30的入接口为低。 可以将入接口 yl至 ylO中每个入接口的阔值设定 为大于 20且小于等于 30的数值； 将入接口 yl l至 y20中每个入接口的阔值 设定为大于 10且小于等于 20的数值； 将入接口 y21至 y30中每个入接口的 阔值设定为小于等于 10的数值。
本发明的实施例提供了一种为入接口设定优先级的优选方案， 该方案可 根据入接口的阔值确定该入接口的优先级。 通过该方案可以灵活地为入接口 设定优先级。
实施例二：
本发明实施例提供了一种转发装置。 参见图 3 , 图 3是本发明实施例提 供的转发装置的示意图， 该装置包括： 第一触发单元 301 , 用于当第一网元的物理出接口发生故障时， 触发该 第一网元的入接口关闭。 根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭 的入接口的带宽总和。 该第一网元包括多个物理出接口。 该发生故障的物理 出接口包含在该多个物理出接口中。 该第一网元包括多个入接口， 该被关闭 的入接口包含在该多个入接口中。 该多个物理出接口用于转发该多个入接口 收到的流量。
具体实现时， 第一网元可以有多种实现方式， 本发明不做具体的限定。 例如， 第一网元可以是 BRAS、 路由器或者交换机。
第一网元有多个物理出接口。 第一网元通过该多个物理出接口向第二网 絡转发第一网元收到的流量。 该物理出接口可以是 Gigabyte Ethernet口， 或 者是 Fast Ethernet 口。 该多个物理出接口可以组成逻辑出接口， 该逻辑出接 口可以是汇聚 TRUNK口，或者 VLANIF Interface„当该逻辑出接口是 TRUNK 口时， 该 TRUNK口可以是 Ethernet TRUNK口， 也可以是 IP TRUNK口。 此 外， 该多个物理出接口可以对第一网元转发的流量进行负载分担。 进一步的， 该负载分担可以是非等值负载分担。 除了该多个物理出接口， 第一网元还可 以有其他物理出接口。 如果该多个物理出接口组成逻辑出接口并且第一网元 还包括其他物理出接口， 其他物理出接口可以属于该逻辑出接口之外的逻辑 出接口。
第一网元有多个入接口。 第一网元通过该多个入接口接收来自第一网絡 流量。 第一网元收到该流量后， 可以通过该多个物理出接口将该流量转发至 第二网絡。 该入接口可以是物理接口， 也可以是子接口。 该物理接口可以是 Gigabyte Ethernet口， 或者是 Fast Ethernet口。 为实现第一网元通过一个物理 接口与多个 VLAN相连， 可以在物理入接口上配置多个子接口。 可以用物理 接口的 IP地址以及 VLAN标签对子接口进行标识。第一网元来自用户侧的流 量可以是 IP Packet , 也可以是 Ethernet Frame。
当第一网元是 BRAS时， 第一网絡可以包括接入设备以及用户设备， 第 二网絡可以包括路由器以及其他用户设备。 该用户设备可以是个人电脑、 视 频服务器、 机顶盒、 手机或者个人数字助理。 用户设备可以与第一网元直连， 也可以通过该接入设备与第一网元间接连接。 当用户设备是个人电脑、 视频 服务器或者机顶盒时， 接入设备可以是交换机。 当用户设备是手机或者个人 数字助理时， 接入设备可以是基站。 当第一网元是 BRAS时， 其他用户设备 可以是个人电脑或者视频服务器。 其他用户设备可以与第一网元直连， 也可 以通过路由器与第一网元间接连接。 当第一网元是 BRAS时， 第一网絡的视 频服务器可以通过该第一网元向第二网元的个人电脑发送视频文件。
第一网元的物理出接口发生的故障， 可以是协议故障或者物理故障。 其 中， 协议故障可以是 IPv4故障， 或者 IPv6故障。 物理故障可以是接口对应 的光纤或者接口对应的同轴电缆被拔出。
可以通过如下机制具体实现触发第一网元的入接口关闭。 当入接口是物 理接口时 ,可通过拔出该物理接口对应的光纤或者同轴电缆关闭该物理接口。 当入接口是子接口时， 可通过修改该子接口的配置信息关闭该子接口。 修改 子接口的配置信息具体实现时，可以是删除子接口对应的物理接口的 IP地址， 或者子接口对应的 VLAN标签。 第一网元的入接口关闭后， 第一网元无法通 过被关闭的入接口接收来自第一网絡的流量。
根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总 和。 具体实现时， 被关闭的入接口的带宽总和可以大于或者等于发生故障的 物理出接口的带宽总和。 当该多个物理出接口转发流量的速率总和小于该多 个物理出接口的带宽总和时， 被关闭的入接口的带宽总和可以略小于发生故 障的物理出接口的带宽总和。
第一网元可以感知到物理出接口发生故障， 并对转发路径进行调整。 第 一网元的转发路径调整后， 该多个入接口中该被关闭的入接口之外的入接口 收到的流量可以通过该多个物理出接口中该发生故障的物理出接口转发至第 二网絡。 转发路径的调整方式可以有多种。 例如， 当第一网元是路由器或者 BRAS 时， 第一网元物理出接口发生故障意味着网絡拓朴发生变化。 第一网 元检测到网絡拓朴发生变化， 可以触发路由收敛机制， 从而对路由转发表以 及 ARP表进行修改。 具体实现时， 可以将路由转发表的表项中下一跳 IP地 址为发生故障的物理出接口的 IP地址的表项删除。 另外， 可以将 ARP表的 表项中端口号为发生故障的物理出接口对应的端口号的表项删除。 当第一网 元是交换机时， 第一网元物理出接口发生故障意味着网絡拓朴发生变化。 第 一网元检测到网絡拓朴发生变化， 可以触发重新选路机制， 从而对 ARP表进 行修改。 具体实现时， 可以将 ARP表的表项中端口号为发生故障的物理出接 口对应的端口号的表项删除。 另外， 如果该多个物理出接口可以对第一网元 转发的流量进行非等值负载分担， 则第一网元也可以对转发路径进行调整。
参见图 1 , 主 BRAS是第一网元。 当主 BRAS的物理出接口 nl发生故障 时， 可以触发物理入接口 ml 以及 m2关闭。 可通过将 ml 以及 m2对应的光 纤拔出的方式将 ml 以及 m2关闭。 ml 以及 m2的带宽总和大于或者等于 nl 的带宽。
第二触发单元 302, 用于根据该第一触发单元确定的该被关闭的入接口， 触发与该多个入接口连接的网絡将欲发送至该被关闭的入接口的流量发送至 第二网元以便该第二网元进行转发。 该第二网元是该第一网元的备份网元。
具体实现时， 当第一网元是主路由器时， 第二网元是该主路由器的备份 路由器。 当第一网元是主 BRAS时， 第二网元是该主 BRAS的备份 BRAS。
与该多个入接口连接的网絡即第一网絡。 第一网元的入接口被关闭， 可 以触发第一网絡将欲发送至该被关闭的入接口的流量发送至该第二网元。 具 体实现时， 第一网元的入接口被关闭后， 第一网絡可以感知到该入接口被关 闭， 进而将欲发送至该被关闭的入接口的流量发送至该第二网元。 第二网元 收到该流量后， 可将该流量转发至第二网絡。
第一网絡可以通过一定机制感知到第一网元的入接口被关闭： 在入接口 是物理接口的情况下， 当该物理接口对应的光纤或者同轴电缆被拔出时， 第 一网絡可以通过一定的机制感知到该物理接口发生物理故障。 例如， 可以通 过 BFD进行感知。 在第一网元的入接口是子接口的情况下， 当第一网元通过 软件将该子接口关闭 （shutdown ) 时， 第一网絡可以通过软件感知到该子接 口发生管理故障。
参见图 1 , 备份 BRAS是第二网元。 主 BRAS的物理入接口 ml被关闭 后， 与 ml直连的接入设备 1可以通过 BFD。 接入设备 1感知到 ml发生物 理故障后， 接入设备 1将欲发送至 ml的流量发送至 m4。 备份 BRAS收到该 流量后， 将该流量转发至第二网絡。 同样， m2被关闭后， 接入设备 2也可以 感知到 m2发生物理故障。备份 BRAS也可以通过 m5收到接入设备 2欲发送 至 m2的流量。 备份 BRAS收到该流量后， 也可以将该流量转发至第二网絡。
可见， 通过本发明实施例提供的转发装置， 网元的物理出接口发生故障， 可以触发该网元的入接口关闭。 根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定 被关闭的入接口的带宽总和。 具体实现时， 被关闭的入接口的带宽总和可以 大于或者等于发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和。 当该多个物理出接口转发 流量的速率总和小于该多个物理出接口的带宽总和时， 被关闭的入接口的带 宽总和可以略小于发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和。 也就是说， 该网元用 于转发流量的带宽减少后， 该网元用于接收流量的带宽也相应减少。 因此， 本发明实施例提供的转发装置可以解决当网元的部分物理出接口发生故障 时， 网元通过其他物理出接口转发该网元的入接口接收的流量可能导致其他 物理出接口发生拥塞的技术问题。
可选的,
该多个入接口可以用于转发该多个物理出接口收到的流量。 具体来说， 该多个物理出接口可以是双向的。 第一网元可以通过该多个物理出接口接收 来自第二网絡的流量。 该多个入接口可以是双向的。 第一网元可以通过该多 个入接口将该多个物理出接口接收的流量转发至第一网絡。
在该多个入接口以及该多个物理出接口是双向接口的情况下， 第一网元 的物理出接口发生故障， 触发该第一网元的入接口关闭， 并根据发生故障的 物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和。 以上意味着， 该第 一网元用于接收流量的该多个物理出接口的带宽总和减少后， 该第一网元用 于转发流量的该多个入接口的带宽总和也相应减少。 因此， 第一网元通过该 多个物理出接口接收流量的速率降低后， 第一网元转发至该多个入接口中没 有被关闭的入接口的流量的速率没有响应降低。 另外， 与该被关闭的入接口 对应的用户不同， 没有被关闭的入接口对应的用户不会感知到通信被中断。 也就是说， 本发明实施例提供的方案降低了第一网元物理出接口发生故障对 没有被关闭的入接口对应的用户的 QoS的影响。
可选的,
该第一触发单元具体包括：
优先级确定单元， 用于确定该多个入接口分别对应的优先级， 该优先级 用于确定该多个入接口的关闭顺序。
入接口确定单元， 用于根据该优先级确定单元确定的该多个入接口分别 对应的优先级， 确定该被关闭的入接口， 该被关闭的入接口的优先级不同于 该多个入接口中其他入接口的优先级。
优先级用于确定该多个入接口的关闭顺序。 具体实现时， 可以用数值对 该多个入接口的优先级分别进行标识。 例如入接口 1、 入接口 2以及入接口 3 的优先级可以分别是 1、 2以及 3。 入接口的关闭顺序与标识入接口的优先级 的数值的大小无关。 例如， 当入接口 1、 入接口 2 以及入接口 3的优先级分 别是 1、 2以及 3时， 入接口的关闭顺序可以是入接口 1、 入接口 2、 入接口 3 , 也可以是入接口 3、 入接口 2、 入接口 1。
入接口被关闭后， 来自第一网絡的欲发送至被关闭的入接口的流量将被 发送至第二网元。 这意味着发生在被关闭的入接口的通信被中断。 被关闭的 入接口对应的用户，特别是对 QoS要求较高的用户可能会感知到该通信中断。 通过为不同的入接口设定不同优先级的手段， 可以实现优先级高的入接口晚 于或者同时与优先级低的入接口被关闭。 降低了优先级高的入接口的通信被 关闭的可能性。
可选的,
该优先级确定单元具体包括子单元， 该子单元用于根据入接口的阔值确 定该入接口的优先级；
该第一触发单元具体包括：
比较单元， 用于将该发生故障的物理出接口的带宽的总和与该多个入接 口中每个入接口的阔值进行比较， 当该第一网元的入接口的阔值小于或等于 该发生故障的物理出接口的带宽的总和时， 触发该第一网元的入接口关闭。
例如， 第一网元有 3个物理出接口 xl、 x2以及 x3 , 带宽都是 10 MB/S。 第一网元有 30个入接口 yl至 y30, 带宽都是 1 MB/S。 其中， 入接口 yl至 ylO的优先级为高； 入接口 yl l至 y20的优先级为中； 入接口 y21至 y30的 入接口为低。 可以将入接口 yl至 ylO中每个入接口的阔值设定为大于 20且 小于等于 30的数值； 将入接口 yl l至 y20中每个入接口的阔值设定为大于 10且小于等于 20的数值； 将入接口 y21至 y30中每个入接口的阔值设定为 小于等于 10的数值。
本发明的实施例提供了一种为入接口设定优先级的优选方案， 该方案可 根据入接口的阔值确定该入接口的优先级。 通过该方案可以灵活地为入接口 设定优先级。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤 可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述程序可以存储于一计算机可读取 存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述的 存储介质包括： ROM, RAM,磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权利要求
1.一种转发方法， 其特征在于：
第一网元的物理出接口发生故障， 触发所述第一网元的入接口关闭， 根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带宽总和， 所述第一网元包括多个物理出接口， 所述发生故障的物理出接口包含在所 述多个物理出接口中， 所述第一网元包括多个入接口， 所述被关闭的入接 口包含在所述多个入接口中， 所述多个物理出接口用于转发所述多个入接 口收到的流量；
所述被关闭的入接口触发与所述多个入接口连接的网絡将欲发送至所 述被关闭的入接口的流量发送至第二网元以便所述第二网元进行转发， 所 述第二网元是所述第一网元的备份网元。
2.根据权利要求 1所述方法， 其特征在于：
所述根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关闭的入接口的带 宽总和具体包括：
所述被关闭的入接口的带宽总和大于或者等于所述发生故障的物理出 接口的带宽总和。
3.根据权利要求 1或 2所述方法， 其特征在于：
所述触发所述第一网元的入接口关闭具体包括： 根据所述多个入接口 分别对应的优先级确定所述被关闭的入接口， 所述被关闭的入接口的优先 级不同于所述多个入接口中其他入接口的优先级， 所述优先级用于确定所 述多个入接口的关闭顺序。
4.根据权利要求 3所述方法， 其特征在于：
所述根据所述多个入接口分别对应的优先级确定所述被关闭的入接口 具体包括， 根据入接口的阔值确定该入接口的优先级；
所述触发所述第一网元的入接口关闭具体包括： 将所述发生故障的物 理出接口的带宽的总和与所述多个入接口中每个入接口的阔值进行比较， 当所述第一网元的入接口的阔值小于或等于所述发生故障的物理出接口的 带宽的总和时， 触发所述第一网元的入接口关闭。
5.根据权利要求 1至 4中任一权利要求所述方法， 其特征在于： 所述第一网元的入接口是物理接口或者子接口。
6.—种转发装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
第一触发单元， 用于当第一网元的物理出接口发生故障时， 触发所述 第一网元的入接口关闭， 根据发生故障的物理出接口的带宽总和确定被关 闭的入接口的带宽总和， 所述第一网元包括多个物理出接口， 所述发生故 障的物理出接口包含在所述多个物理出接口中， 所述第一网元包括多个入 接口， 所述被关闭的入接口包含在所述多个入接口中， 所述多个物理出接 口用于转发所述多个入接口收到的流量；
第二触发单元， 用于根据所述第一触发单元确定的所述被关闭的入接 口， 触发与所述多个入接口连接的网絡将欲发送至所述被关闭的入接口的 流量发送至第二网元以便所述第二网元进行转发， 所述第二网元是所述第 一网元的备份网元。
7.根据权利要求 6所述装置， 其特征在于：
所述第一触发单元具体包括：
优先级确定单元， 用于确定所述多个入接口分别对应的优先级， 所述 优先级用于确定所述多个入接口的关闭顺序；
入接口确定单元， 用于根据所述优先级确定单元确定的所述多个入接 口分别对应的优先级， 确定所述被关闭的入接口， 所述被关闭的入接口的 优先级不同于所述多个入接口中其他入接口的优先级。
8.根据权利要求 7所述装置， 其特征在于：
所述优先级确定单元具体包括子单元， 所述子单元用于根据入接口的 带宽确定该入接口的优先级；
所述第一触发单元具体包括： 比较单元， 用于将所述发生故障的物理出接口的带宽的总和与所述多 个入接口中每个入接口的阔值进行比较， 当所述第一网元的入接口的阔值 小于或等于所述发生故障的物理出接口的带宽的总和时， 触发所述第一网 元的入接口关闭。
9.根据权利要求 6至 8中任一权利要求所述装置， 其特征在于： 所述第一网元的入接口为物理接口或者子接口。
10.根据权利要求 6至 9中任一权利要求所述装置， 其特征在于： 所述第一网元为宽带远程接入服务器， 所述第二网元为宽带远程接入 服务器。
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