WO2012145967A1 - 用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置及其加料方法 - Google Patents

用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置及其加料方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012145967A1
WO2012145967A1 PCT/CN2011/076815 CN2011076815W WO2012145967A1 WO 2012145967 A1 WO2012145967 A1 WO 2012145967A1 CN 2011076815 W CN2011076815 W CN 2011076815W WO 2012145967 A1 WO2012145967 A1 WO 2012145967A1
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Prior art keywords
feeding
scrap steel
electric furnace
long groove
groove
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PCT/CN2011/076815
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄其明
徐杰
高瞻
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中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012145967A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012145967A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F27D3/0026—Introducing additives into the melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
    • C21C2005/5282—Charging of the electric furnace with organic contaminated scrap
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a feeding device of an electric furnace smelting device and a feeding method thereof.
  • Electric furnace smelting is an important steelmaking method.
  • the process of adding raw materials to the electric furnace directly affects the production environment and electric energy consumption.
  • the most typical and common in electric furnace production is that the basket is directly fed to the furnace, but the production environment is extremely Poor, in order to improve the production environment and reduce power consumption, there has been a technology of rapidly sealing the feed into the electric furnace.
  • This technology is a technology that saves energy and reduces environmental consumption in the production of electric furnaces.
  • the implementation of the closed feeding technology of the electric furnace is very difficult, and the reliability of the implementation is also low.
  • the feeding of the scrap steel smelting production is difficult due to the size and shape of the scrap steel, and the reliability is low.
  • the patented "a short-flow scrap preheating conveyor" of the CEIBS application number 201020187991.6 and 201010170509.2 proposes a feeding technique, which proposes a 'container' concept for electric furnace feeding, but The bottom feed slot is used to feed the long groove.
  • the main problems of the above technology are: the low bottom open tank has low reliability to open the bottom door, and there is a high probability event affecting the production efficiency.
  • the present invention provides a rapid feeding device for adding scrap steel to an electric furnace and a feeding method thereof, and the cold receiving trough is regarded as a "container" by the device and the feeding method thereof, thereby improving the feeding efficiency and increasing Feeding reliability, and the thickness of the paving in the long groove of the feeding can be controlled and the purpose of avoiding the impact of the long groove in the charging process.
  • the rapid feeding device for adding scrap steel to an electric furnace of the present invention comprises a high temperature coupling groove communicating with the electric furnace and a cold receiving conveying device for scrap steel feeding, the cold receiving conveying device comprising a hoistable moving feed
  • the long groove and the front end of the feeding long groove are provided with a discharge port which can be in sealing communication with the feed port of the high temperature coupling groove.
  • the cold receiving material conveying device further comprises a vibration table and an excitation device for driving the vibration of the vibration table.
  • the discharge port of the feeding long groove communicates with the feeding port of the high temperature coupling groove, the feeding long groove is placed on the vibration table.
  • the discharge port of the feeding long groove and the feed port of the high temperature coupling groove are sealed and communicated through the conveying throat, one end of the conveying throat extends into the high temperature coupling groove, and the other end is connected with the feeding slot of the long groove. Sealing butt or sealing sleeve outside the discharge port;
  • the utility model further comprises a heat transfer tank, wherein the discharge port of the feed long groove communicates with the feed port of the high temperature coupling groove through the heat transfer groove, and the discharge port of the feed long groove passes through the feed port of the heat transfer groove
  • the conveying throat is sealed and connected, one end of the conveying throat extends into the heat conveying groove, and the other end is sealed or butted out of the discharging port of the feeding long groove or sealed outside the discharging port;
  • the conveying throat is fixedly disposed or fixedly connected to the vibration table
  • the cold receiving material conveying device further includes a buffer braking device acting on the vibration excitation device or the vibration table;
  • the front end of the conveying throat in the conveying direction of the scrap steel is provided with an openable and sealing door;
  • the feeding long groove is provided with an openable slot cover
  • a positioning locking mechanism is disposed between the vibration table and the feeding long groove;
  • the discharge port of the feeding long groove is provided with an extractable retaining pin
  • the quick-feeding device for adding scrap steel to the electric furnace further comprises a docking car reciprocally movable along the lateral direction of the quick-feeding device, the vibrating table and the vibrating device being two sets and juxtaposed in the lateral direction on the docking car ;
  • the vibrating table and the vibrating device are two sets and are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the quick feeding device, and the vibrating table is perpendicular to the high temperature coupling groove.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for feeding a fast charging device for adding scrap steel to an electric furnace by lifting or adding a long groove containing scrap steel to another method.
  • the buffer brake device can quickly decelerate or brake the vibration table.
  • the small amplitude of the vibration table quickly crosses the resonance band and facilitates the installation of the long groove, so that the discharge port of the feed long groove is connected with the high temperature.
  • the feeding port of the trough or the hot trough is docked through the conveying throat, the sealing door is opened and the retaining pin is pulled out, the trough cover is sealed throughout the process to prevent air inhalation, and the speed of the scrap steel can be controlled to enter the high temperature connecting trough or heat through the vibration of the vibrating table.
  • the conveying trough closes the sealing door after the feeding is completed, and finally lifts and removes the feeding long groove, and the sealing door prevents the air from being sucked, and the above operation is repeatedly performed to realize continuous and rapid sealing feeding.
  • the device has simple structure, controllable feeding speed, convenient manufacture, simple operation, good sealing effect, high reliability, fast feeding speed, environmental protection and convenient maintenance of the whole system.
  • the feeding process is carried out under sealed conditions, which can effectively reduce the amount of air leakage, improve the efficiency of the electric furnace dust removal system, and greatly improve the production environment. At the same time, due to the closed production of the electric furnace, the heat loss of the furnace body during the electric furnace production process is also reduced. ,Energy saving.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the feeding long groove of the present invention before being lifted onto the vibration table;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the feeding long groove of the present invention after being hoisted to the vibrating table and connected;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a device with a heat transfer trough structure before the long slot is lifted onto the vibrating table;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the device with the heat transfer trough structure after the long trough is hoisted to the vibrating table and connected;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the loading process of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an example of the electric furnace smoking port of the present invention moved to a sealing cover
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a continuous feeding device for continuous feeding
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of another continuous feeding device.
  • a rapid feeding device for adding scrap steel to an electric furnace comprising a high temperature coupling groove 10 communicating with the electric furnace and a cold receiving conveying device for scrap steel feeding
  • the cold receiving conveying device comprises a long slot 2 for lifting and moving, and a long slot for feeding
  • the front end of the second portion is provided with a discharge port 2a which can be in sealing communication with the feed port of the high temperature coupling groove 10.
  • the scrap steel When feeding, the scrap steel is laid in the feeding long groove 2, and the long groove 2 is lifted by the lifting device to make the discharge port Connected to the feed port of the high temperature coupling groove
  • the feeding long groove 2 is fixedly arranged, and the scrap steel is added by a tool such as a disk hanging device, the feeding speed is fast, and the dust is not easily generated, and at the same time, the scrap is also added in the long groove 2
  • the thickness of the laying is controllable, which is conducive to the subsequent smelting.
  • the impact of the scrap on the long groove of the feeding in the prior art feeding is also avoided.
  • the cold feed conveying device further comprises a vibration table 3 and an excitation device 4 for driving the vibration of the vibration table 3, and the feeding long groove
  • the discharge port 2a of 2 is in communication with the feed port of the high temperature coupling groove 10
  • the feed long groove 2 is placed on the table surface of the vibrating table 3, and the vibration of the vibrating table allows the scrap in the feeding long groove to smoothly pass through the high temperature coupling groove. It is transported to the electric furnace, and it is not easy to appear jamming, and the reliability is high.
  • the discharge port 2a of the feeding long groove 2 and the feed port of the high temperature coupling groove 10 are in sealing communication with the conveying throat 5, and one end of the conveying throat 5 extends into the high temperature coupling groove 10. The other end is sealed with the discharge port 2a of the feeding long groove 2 or sealed outside the discharge port 2a, and is easily docked by the conveying throat, which is advantageous for accelerating the charging speed.
  • the throat technology can also be implemented on another electric furnace smelting device having a preheating dust dropping device, and the discharge port of the feeding long groove 2 of the device communicates with the feeding port of the high temperature coupling groove 10 through the heat transfer tank 1
  • the discharge port 2a of the feed long groove 2 and the feed port of the heat transfer tank 1 are sealedly connected through the transfer throat 5, and one end of the transfer throat 5 extends into the heat transfer groove 1 The other end is sealingly butted or sealed outside the discharge opening 2a with the discharge opening 2a of the feeding long groove 2.
  • the conveying throat 5 is fixedly disposed on the hot feeding groove or the dust falling cover above the hot feeding groove, and the structure is simple and reasonable, and is more favorable for achieving the sealing requirement; the conveying throat 5
  • the fixed connection with the vibrating table 3 is more conducive to the smooth transportation of the scrap steel.
  • the cold receiving conveying device further comprises a buffer braking device 9 acting on the excitation device 4 or the vibration table 3, and the loading mode of the invention determines that the vibration table starts and stops frequently
  • the buffer brake device can quickly decelerate or brake the vibration table, or make the small amplitude of the vibration table quickly cross the resonance band during startup, and avoid the resonance caused by the frequent start and stop of the vibration table to cause greater damage to the device. Reduce equipment maintenance frequency and extend equipment life.
  • one end of the conveying throat 5 extending into the heat transfer tank 1 is provided with an openable and closable sealing door 6, which is opened only when feeding, and the space and the feeding length in the heat conveying groove are long.
  • the trough space forms a confined space, the air leakage is small, and the energy consumption is reduced.
  • the electric furnace is produced under closed conditions when feeding or unfeeding, which effectively reduces the heat loss of the furnace body during the electric furnace production process and saves energy.
  • the feeding long groove 2 is provided with an openable groove cover 2b. In order to facilitate the opening of the cover, and to seal the communication with the outside air during the feeding process.
  • a positioning locking mechanism 7 is disposed between the vibrating table 3 and the feeding long groove 2, which is convenient for rapid positioning, is favorable for increasing the charging speed, and at the same time, placing the feeding long groove on the vibration table. Stable and reliable to avoid security incidents.
  • the discharge port 2a of the feeding long groove 2 is provided with an extractable stopper pin 8, and the feeding long groove is placed to cause a safety accident when the scrap steel falls during lifting.
  • the table top of the vibrating table 3 is inclined, so that the scrap steel can be automatically transported into the heat transfer tank under the action of vibration and gravity.
  • the quick-feeding device further comprises a docking cart 13 reciprocally movable along a lateral direction of the quick-feeding device, the transverse direction of the quick-feeding device being a direction perpendicular to the direction of scrap steel conveyance in a horizontal plane, the vibrating table 3 And the excitation device 4 are two sets and are arranged side by side in the lateral direction on the docking vehicle 13 Above, as shown in FIG. 7, the two vibrating tables 3 are used one by one.
  • the other feeding long groove 2 When one feeding long groove 2 is working on the high temperature coupling groove 10, the other feeding long groove 2 is mounted on the standby vibrating table 3, the docking car 13 realization of the feed long groove 2
  • the rapid switching can reduce the switching time of the feed long tank 2 to less than about 1 minute, so that the electric furnace can be continuously produced.
  • two sets of the vibrating table 3 and the excitation device 4 may be arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the rapid feeding device, and the vibrating table 3 is perpendicular to the high temperature coupling groove 10, as shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing an example in which the electric furnace smoking port 11 is moved to the sealing cover 12 above the heat transfer tank 1, and the conveying throat 5 is sleeved with the feeding long groove 2.
  • the method of feeding the above-mentioned quick charging device for adding scrap steel to an electric furnace is carried out by lifting the feeding long groove 2 containing the scrap steel onto the vibrating table 3, and connecting the discharge port 2a of the feeding long groove 2 with the high temperature.
  • the feed port of the tank 10 or the heat transfer tank 1 is docked or sleeved through the transfer throat 5, the sealing door 6 is opened and the stopper pin 8 is withdrawn, and the entire process tank cover 2b prevents air from being sucked in, and the scrap steel enters through the vibration of the vibration table 3
  • the high temperature coupling groove 10 or the heat transfer tank 1 closes the sealing door 6 after the feeding is completed, and the opening and closing of the sealing door 6 prevents the air from being sucked in during the feeding process, and finally lifts and removes the feeding long groove 2, and hoists a new steel-filled steel.
  • the feeding long groove repeats the above operations to achieve continuous rapid feeding.
  • the empty feeding long tank 2 is transported to the raw material field, the tank cover is opened for batching and charging, and finally the tank cover is sealed for transport to the electric furnace, and the whole feeding process is as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • Feeding by hoisting method the feeding speed is fast, and the implementation is convenient.
  • the feeding process is carried out under closed conditions to reduce heat loss and reduce energy consumption.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Description

用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置及其加料方法 技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域，具体涉及一种电炉冶炼装置的加料装置及其加料方法。
 背景技术
电炉冶炼是一种重要的炼钢方法，在冶炼过程中，原料加入电炉的环节直接影响生产环境和电能消耗，电炉生产中最典型和普遍的是料篮直接对炉堂加料，但生产环境极其恶劣，为改善生产环境和降低电耗，出现了向电炉内快速密闭加料的技术，该技术是一种在电炉生产中节能降耗及环保的技术。
在对某些原料加料时，电炉的密闭加料技术的实施具有很大的难度，实施的可靠性也较低，如废钢冶炼生产的加料，由于废钢尺寸形状特异，加料难度大，可靠性低。分析现有技术，中冶赛迪申请号为201020187991.6和201010170509.2的专利'一种短流程废钢预热输送装置'中提出了一种加料技术，该技术提出了对电炉加料的'集装箱'理念，但采用了底开料槽对加料长槽的加料方式。上述技术主要的问题是：长的底开料罐打开底门的可靠性较低，存在影响生产效率的较高概率事件，对加料长槽加料多了一个生产环节，加料长槽中铺料厚度不好掌控而影响后续废钢的输送处理，以及会对加料长槽料产生冲击造成不利影响。
针对上述不足，需研制一种用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置及其加料方法，提高废钢加料效率并增加加料的可靠性，同时，也使加料长槽中的铺料厚度易于掌控并避免加料长槽受到冲击，延长其使用寿命。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置及其加料方法，通过该装置及其加料方法将冷受料输送槽当成“集装箱”，可实现提高加料效率，增加加料可靠性，并使加料长槽中铺料厚度可控和避免加料长槽在装料过程中受到冲击的目的。
本发明的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，包括与电炉连通的高温联接槽和用于废钢上料的冷受料输送装置，所述冷受料输送装置包括可吊运移动的加料长槽，加料长槽的前端开有可与高温联接槽的进料口密封连通的出料口。
进一步，所述冷受料输送装置还包括振动台和用于驱动振动台振动的激振装置，加料长槽的出料口与高温联接槽的进料口连通时加料长槽放置于振动台的台面上；
进一步，所述加料长槽的出料口与高温联接槽的进料口之间通过输送喉口密封连通，输送喉口的一端伸入高温联接槽内，另一端与加料长槽的出料口密封对接或密封套于出料口外；
进一步，还包括热输送槽，所述加料长槽的出料口通过热输送槽与高温联接槽的进料口连通，述加料长槽的出料口与热输送槽的进料口之间通过输送喉口密封连通，输送喉口的一端伸入热输送槽内，另一端与加料长槽的出料口密封对接或密封套于出料口外；
进一步，所述输送喉口固定设置或与振动台固定连接；
进一步，所述冷受料输送装置还包括作用于激振装置或振动台的缓冲制动装置；
进一步，所述输送喉口沿废钢输送方向的前端设置有可开闭的密封门；
进一步，所述加料长槽上设置有可开启的槽盖；
进一步，所述振动台与加料长槽之间设置有定位锁定机构；
进一步，所述加料长槽的出料口设置有可抽出的挡料销；
进一步，所述振动台的台面倾斜设置；
进一步，所述用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置还包括可沿快速加料装置的横向往复移动的对接车，所述振动台和激振装置为两套且沿横向并列设置于对接车上；
进一步，所述振动台和激振装置为两套且沿快速加料装置的纵向并列设置，振动台与高温联接槽垂直。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种使用所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置进行加料的方法，该方法是：将装有废钢的加料长槽吊运或用其它方法安装至振动台上，缓冲制动装置可对振动台快速减速或制动，在起停时段时使得振动台小振幅快速越过共振带并便于安装加料长槽，使加料长槽的出料口与高温联接槽或热输送槽的进料口通过输送喉口对接，打开密封门并抽出挡料销，整个过程槽盖密封以防止空气吸入，通过振动台的振动使废钢速度可控进入高温联接槽或热输送槽，完成加料后关闭密封门，最后吊运移开加料长槽，密封门防止空气吸入，重复执行上述操作实现连续快速密封加料。
有益效果
本发明的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置及其加料方法，具有以下优点：
1 ）装置结构简单，加料速度可控制,制造方便、操作简便，密闭效果好、可靠性高，加料速度快且环保、并便利整个***的维护。
2 ）加料过程在密封条件下进行，可有效降低漏风量，提高电炉除尘***的效能，并使生产环境大为改善，同时，由于电炉的密闭生产，也减少了电炉生产过程中炉体的热损失，节约能源。
3 ）与现有技术相比，避免使用底开料槽对加料长槽加料，易于掌握铺料厚度利于后续生产，也防止了废钢对加料长槽产生冲击造成其损坏(取消了加料长槽)。
4 ）设备短小，利于现有电炉改造，且***投资较小。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
图1为本发明的加料长槽吊装到振动台上之前的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的加料长槽吊装到振动台并对接之后的结构示意图；
图3为带热输送槽结构的装置加料长槽吊装到振动台上之前的结构示意图；
图4为带热输送槽结构的装置加料长槽吊装到振动台并对接之后的结构示意图；
图5为本发明的上料流程示意图；
图６为本发明的电炉抽烟口移至密封罩上示例；
图7为一种连续供料的快速加料装置的结构示意图；
图8为另一种连续供料的快速加料装置的结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
以下将结合附图对本发明进行详细说明，如图所示：用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，包括与电炉连通的高温联接槽10和用于废钢上料的冷受料输送装置，所述冷受料输送装置包括可吊运移动的加料长槽2，加料长槽 2的前端开有可与高温联接槽10的进料口密封连通的出料口2a，加料时，将废钢铺设于加料长槽２中，由吊运设备吊装加料长槽２使其出料口与高温联接槽的进料口连 通，相对于现有技术中将加料长槽２固定设置，并由由磁盘吊等工具吊运废钢加入的方式，加料速度快，且不易产生粉尘，同时，也使废钢在加料长槽２中的铺设厚度可控，利于后续冶炼，另外，也避免了现有技术加料中废钢对加料长槽造成的冲击。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述冷受料输送装置还包括振动台3和用于驱动振动台3振动的激振装置4，加料长槽 2的出料口2a与高温联接槽10的进料口连通时加料长槽2放置于振动台3的台面上，通过振动台的振动，使加料长槽中的废钢可顺利的通过高温联接槽输送至电炉中，不易出现卡料，可靠性高。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述加料长槽2的出料口2a与高温联接槽10的进料口之间通过输送喉口5密封连通，输送喉口5的一端伸入高温联接槽10内，另一端与加料长槽2的出料口2a密封对接或密封套于出料口2a外，通过输送喉口便于进行对接，有利于加快装料速度。将喉口技术在于另一种具有预热尘降装置的电炉冶炼装置上同样可以实施，该装置的加料长槽2的出料口通过热输送槽1与高温联接槽10的进料口连通，述加料长槽2的出料口2a与热输送槽1的进料口之间通过输送喉口5密封连通，输送喉口5的一端伸入热输送槽1 内，另一端与加料长槽2的出料口2a密封对接或密封套于出料口2a外。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述输送喉口5固定设置于热送槽或位于热送槽上方的尘降罩上，结构简单合理，更有利于达到密封性的要求；输送喉口5 与振动台3固定连接随振动台振动更有利于废钢的顺利输送。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述冷受料输送装置还包括作用于激振装置4或振动台3的缓冲制动装置9，由于本发明的装料方式决定了振动台启停频繁，通过缓冲制动装置可对振动台快速减速或制动，或在启动时使得振动台小振幅快速越过共振带，避免振动台频繁启停时产生的共振对设备造成较大的损害， 减少设备维护频率并延长设备使用寿命。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述输送喉口5伸入热输送槽1内的一端设置有可开闭的密封门6，密封门仅在加料时打开，热输送槽内的空间与加料长槽空间形成密闭空间，漏风量小，降低能耗，无论在加料或未加料时，电炉均在密闭条件下生产，有效减少电炉生产过程中炉体的热损失，节约能源。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述加料长槽2上设置有可开启的槽盖2b ，以便于进行开盖铺料，并在加料过程中密封与外部空气的连通。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述振动台3与加料长槽2之间设置有定位锁定机构7，便于快速定位，有利于提高装料速度，同时，也使加料长槽在振动台上放置稳固可靠，避免发生安全事故。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述加料长槽2的出料口2a设置有可抽出的挡料销8，放置加料长槽在吊运时废钢滑落造成安全事故。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述振动台3的台面倾斜设置，可使废钢在振动和重力作用下自动向热输送槽中输送。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述快速加料装置还包括可沿快速加料装置的横向往复移动的对接车13，快速加料装置的横向为水平面内与废钢输送方向垂直的方向，所述振动台3和激振装置4为两套且沿横向并列设置于对接车13 上，如图7所示，两个振动台3一用一备，当一个加料长槽２对高温联接槽10 工作加料时，另一个加料长槽２被安装到备用振动台3上，对接车13实现对加料长槽２ 的快速切换，可将加料长槽２切换时间减少至约１分钟以内，使电炉连续生产。除上述方案以外，也可采用两套振动台3和激振装置4沿快速加料装置的纵向并列设置，振动台3与高温联接槽10垂直，如图８所示，两个振动台3 一用一备，当一个加料长槽２对高温联接槽10工作加料时，另一个加料长槽２被安装到备用振动台3上，两个加料长槽快速切换，实现无隙连续加料。
图６为将电炉抽烟口11移至热输送槽1上方的密封罩12上的示例，输送喉口５与加料长槽2套接的结构示意图。
使用上述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置进行加料的方法是：将装有废钢的加料长槽2吊运至振动台3上，使加料长槽2的出料口2a与高温联接槽10或热输送槽1的进料口通过输送喉口5对接或套接，打开密封门6并抽出挡料销8，整个过程槽盖2b防止空气吸入，通过振动台3的振动使废钢进入高温联接槽10或热输送槽1，完成加料后关闭密封门6，密封门6的开闭防止在加料过程中空气吸入，最后吊运移开加料长槽2，吊取新的装有废钢的加料长槽重复执行上述操作实现连续快速加料。空的加料长槽２被运往原料场，打开槽盖进行配料和装料，最后盖上槽盖进行密封后运往电炉，整个上料流程如图5所示。
通过吊装方法加料，加料速度快，实施方便，另外，加料过程在密闭条件下进行，减少热损失，降低能耗。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，包括与电炉连通的高温联接槽（10）和用于废钢上料的冷受料输送装置，其特征在于：所述冷受料输送装置包括可吊运移动的加料长槽（2），加料长槽（2）的前端开有可与高温联接槽（10）的进料口密封连通的出料口（2a）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述冷受料输送装置还包括振动台（3）和用于驱动振动台（3）振动的激振装置（4），加料长槽（2）的出料口（2a）与高温联接槽（10）的进料口连通时加料长槽（2）放置于振动台（3）的台面上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述加料长槽（2）的出料口（2a）与高温联接槽（10）的进料口之间通过输送喉口（5）密封连通，输送喉口（5）的一端伸入高温联接槽（10）内，另一端与加料长槽（2）的出料口（2a）密封对接或密封套于出料口（2a）外。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：还包括热输送槽（1），所述加料长槽（2）的出料口通过热输送槽（1）与高温联接槽（10）的进料口连通，所述加料长槽（2）的出料口（2a）与热输送槽（1）的进料口之间通过输送喉口（5）密封连通，输送喉口（5）的一端伸入热输送槽（1）内，另一端与加料长槽（2）的出料口（2a）密封对接或密封套于出料口（2a）外。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述输送喉口（5）固定设置或与振动台（3）连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述冷受料输送装置还包括作用于激振装置（4）或振动台（3）的缓冲制动装置（9）。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述输送喉口（5）沿废钢输送方向的前端设置有可开闭的密封门（6）。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述加料长槽（2）上设置有可开启的槽盖（2b）。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述振动台（3）与加料长槽（2）之间设置有定位锁定机构（7）。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述加料长槽（2）的出料口（2a）设置有可抽出的挡料销（8）。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述振动台（3）的台面倾斜设置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：还包括可沿快速加料装置的横向往复移动的对接车（13），所述振动台（3）和激振装置（4）为两套且沿横向并列设置于对接车（13）上。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置，其特征在于：所述振动台（3）和激振装置（4）为两套且沿快速加料装置的纵向并列设置，振动台（3）与高温联接槽（10）垂直。
  14. 使用权利要求1-13所述的用于向电炉中加入废钢的快速加料装置进行加料的方法，其特征在于：将装有废钢的加料长槽（2）吊运至振动台（3）上，使加料长槽（2）的出料口（2a）与高温联接槽（10）或热输送槽（1）的进料口通过输送喉口（5）对接，打开密封门（6）并抽出挡料销（8），整个过程槽盖（2b）密封以防止空气吸入，通过振动台（3）的振动使废钢进入高温联接槽（10）或热输送槽（1），完成加料后关闭密封门（6），最后吊运移开加料长槽（2），密封门（6）防止空气吸入，重复执行上述操作实现连续快速密封加料。
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