WO2012143639A1 - Fixed cylinder head engine with added‑in bearings - Google Patents

Fixed cylinder head engine with added‑in bearings Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012143639A1
WO2012143639A1 PCT/FR2012/050719 FR2012050719W WO2012143639A1 WO 2012143639 A1 WO2012143639 A1 WO 2012143639A1 FR 2012050719 W FR2012050719 W FR 2012050719W WO 2012143639 A1 WO2012143639 A1 WO 2012143639A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
chamber
cylindrical chamber
cylindrical
crankshaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2012/050719
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
François Baudlot
Frédéric JUSTET
Gilles Coma
Original Assignee
Renault S.A.S.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault S.A.S. filed Critical Renault S.A.S.
Priority to BR112013025334-7A priority Critical patent/BR112013025334B1/en
Publication of WO2012143639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012143639A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/002—Integrally formed cylinders and cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0043—Arrangements of mechanical drive elements
    • F02F7/0053—Crankshaft bearings fitted in the crankcase

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to internal combustion engines which comprise at least one cylinder and a movable coupling, composed of the crankshaft, the connecting rod and the piston.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a blind engine with internal combustion and the method of manufacturing said engine.
  • the invention also relates to motor vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines with a blind motor according to the invention.
  • the internal combustion blind engine comprises a cylinder head cast in one piece with the cylinder block, the cylinder head closing the upper part of the cylinder block.
  • the breech portion includes an electric spark plug port and valve seats.
  • the crankcase portion comprises a horizontal chamber called a crank chamber and housing a crankshaft and at least one cylinder, said cylinder comprises a chamber for housing a jacket in the form of a cylindrical tube in which a piston moves and which opens in its lower end in the crank chamber. Said liner is fitted into said chamber from below said cylinder through the crank chamber.
  • a disadvantage relates to the molding of the blind motor with the crankshaft bearings. The bearings obtained raw molding must be machined to receive the axis of the crankshaft. This machining is made difficult by the reduced dimensions of the crank chamber.
  • the bearings for maintaining the crankshaft axis are generally obtained by molding near the chamber intended to house the jacket and must be spaced apart sufficiently to allow the fitting of said jacket from below. This spacing is substantially greater than the outer diameter of the jacket.
  • the size of said engine is not optimized.
  • An object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages and the invention relates to a blind engine with internal combustion comprising at least one chamber adapted to receive a shirt intended to guide the movements of a piston whose manufacture is simple, with an optimized size and at a relatively low cost.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing such an engine.
  • the manufacturing process of the blind motor according to the invention comprises the following steps:
  • a blind motor comprising at least one cylinder intended to receive a jacket
  • the molding of the blind motor comprises a single core defining the cylindrical chamber intended to receive the jacket.
  • the liner is nested in the chamber from below and is held fixed by a bumper screwed into the wall of the connecting rod chamber near the chamber intended to receive the liner.
  • holes are drilled and tapped into the upper wall of the connecting rod chamber and intended to receive the screws for fixing the crankshaft bearings.
  • guide rings are introduced into the fixing holes to assist the positioning of the crankshaft bearings.
  • the bearings and the bearing caps surrounding the crankshaft are fixed by the fixing screws in the wall of the crank chamber.
  • Figure 1 is a bottom sectional view according to section BB of Figure 2.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the blind motor of Figure 1 in section AA with all components mounted.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the inner core of the sand mold, for forming the recessed portion in the engine.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the blind motor obtained after demoulding according to section AA of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of the blind motor according to section CC of Figure 1 before the fixing of the bearings.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view of a half of the blind motor according to section CC of Figure 1, where the bearings are assembled.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows a bottom view according to section BB of Figure 2 of an internal combustion engine according to the invention.
  • a portion of a crankshaft 15 is held by bearings 16 and bearing caps 17 along the longitudinal axis x.
  • a cylindrical chamber 1 1, inside a cylinder 10 is located between two bearings 16 and houses a cylindrical jacket 20. At least a portion of the bearings 16 is below the base surface of the cylindrical chamber January 1.
  • the engine 1 according to the invention is a blind motor consisting of a cylinder head portion 12 and a cylinder block portion 13 in one piece obtained by molding. Said crankcase portion 13 is closed in the upper part by the cylinder head portion 12 and in the lower part by a not shown oil pan.
  • the cylinder head portion 12 comprises at least one exhaust duct 26, said duct opening into a combustion chamber roof 33 which forms a substantially conical cavity and whose object is to improve combustion.
  • the cylinder head portion 12 supports at least one valve 27 which closes the access to said duct 26.
  • Said valve 27 opens access to said duct 26 during the exhaust phase of the flue gases.
  • Said valve 27 moves in a longitudinal movement along an inclined axis with respect to the vertical axis Z, following the engine combustion stresses.
  • the valve 27 bears on a valve seat 34 to close the condition 26.
  • the cylinder head also supports injection and ignition devices (not shown).
  • the crankcase portion 13 comprises at least one vertical cylinder 10 and surrounding the cylindrical chamber 1 1 which opens at its upper end into the cavity of the roof chamber 33 in the cylinder head portion 12 and in its lower end in a crank chamber 14 disposed substantially horizontally along the longitudinal axis x.
  • Said cylindrical chamber 1 1 is obtained from a foundry and shaped to accommodate a substantially tubular jacket 20.
  • the crank chamber 14 houses the crankshaft 15 which rotates about the x axis and is connected to rods 22 by their low ends by pivot links. The upper ends of said connecting rods are connected to a piston 21 which slides in the bore 23 of the jacket 20, with reciprocating movements.
  • the crankshaft 15 is held by at least one bearing 16 and a bearing cap 17, surrounding said crankshaft and arranged transversely with respect to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft 15.
  • the blind motor 1 is preferably obtained by casting cast iron with a sand mold.
  • the mold consists of a first outer core (not shown) consisting of sand intended to form the outer casing and a second inner core 2 also made of sand intended to form the part hollowed out in the motor which are the connecting rod chamber 14 and the cylindrical chamber 1 1.
  • Said inner core 2 is continuous, and comprises a first portion 32 of substantially semi-cylindrical shape of longitudinal axis, and surmounted perpendicularly by at least a second cylindrical portion 30 of height h.
  • Said first portion 32 comprises, next to the second cylindrical portion 30, at least two cavities 44 hollowed transversely on one side and the other of the longitudinal axis.
  • Said second cylindrical portion 30 comprises an upper end terminated by at least one first substantially conical boss 29 and whose base diameter is substantially smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical portion. This has the effect of forming a second reference bearing surface 43 in the high end or ceiling of the cylindrical chamber January 1 after demolding.
  • a second substantially cylindrical and oblique boss 31 intended to form a bevelled zone 35 is added on a transverse side of the cylindrical part 30 from the lower end of said portion 30.
  • the cavities 44 give way to two bosses 45 in the ceiling of the wall of the connecting-rod chamber 14, said bosses have a substantially flat top intended to form a first reference bearing surface 40 for fixing the bearings 16 of the crankshaft.
  • the second cylindrical portion forms the cylindrical chamber 1 1 with a height h.
  • a tubular liner 20 is nested in the cylindrical chamber 1 1 to the ceiling of said chamber in contact with the second reference bearing surface 43. Its height is substantially greater than the height h of the cylindrical chamber 1 1 in such a way it protrudes slightly from said chamber 1 1, in the crank chamber 14.
  • the blind motor 1 according to the invention comprises at least one support bearing 16 of the crankshaft support, which is attached and fixed in the ceiling of the connecting rod chamber 14 by screwing on the first reference bearing surface 40.
  • the steel bearing 16 is preferably obtained by molding and comprises a lower part 39 and an upper part 38.
  • the lower portion 39 is in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped and comprises an upper side wall 41 and a lower side wall 42.
  • the upper side wall 41 comes into partially contacting the first reference bearing surface 40.
  • the lower part 39 comprises two vertical holes 37 along the z-axis at the left edge and at the right edge along the y-axis width, intended for the passage of the fixing screws and facing the threaded holes 19 during the fixing of the bearings. It also comprises a substantially semi-cylindrical recess concave on the lower side wall 42, of longitudinal axis x, substantially in the center of said wall and whose radius is substantially greater than the radius of the axis of the crankshaft 15.
  • the width of the lower part 39 optimizes the fixing position of the bearing in the ceiling of the crank chamber 14.
  • the upper portion 38 of the bearing is substantially in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped attached to the lower portion 39 on its upper side wall 41. It has a width (along the y axis) lower than that of the lower portion 39 and a thickness (according to the axis x) such that at least a portion of the upper portion is below the base surface of the cylindrical chamber 1 1, once the bearing fixed on the wall of the connecting chamber chamber 14.
  • the height of said upper portion 38 cumulative with the height of the tubular liner 20 is substantially equal to the difference in level between the first reference bearing surface 40 and the second reference bearing surface 43.
  • the upper portion 38 bears on the tubular liner 20 and maintains it fixed in the cylindrical chamber 1 1.
  • the bearing cap 17 is a piece also in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped made of steel, substantially identical to the lower part of the bearing 16. It thus comprises a width (along the y axis) and a thickness (along the x axis).
  • the blind motor 1 is returned to present the connecting rod chamber 14 facing upwards.
  • the bosses 45 are machined to define the first reference bearing surface 40.
  • Vertical holes 19 are drilled in said reference bearing surface 40 and are then threaded.
  • Centering rings 36 in the form of tubular steel cylinders, are inserted in the holes 19 so as to have a portion protruding from the first reference bearing surface 40.
  • the jacket 20 is then fitted into the cylindrical chamber 1 1 of the blind motor 1 to contact with the second reference surface 43.
  • the bearing 16 with the semi-cylindrical recess facing upwards is pressed against the first reference bearing surface 40 in such a way that the centering rings 36 installed in the fixing holes 19 also fit into the holes 37.
  • the blind motor is then ready to accommodate the movable hitch, consisting of a piston, a connecting rod and the crankshaft.
  • the piston 21 associated with the connecting rod 22 which is connected to the crankshaft 15 is fitted into the bore 23 of the liner 20.
  • the crankshaft 15, in a conventional manner, is then placed resting on the bearings 16, the bearing caps 17 are then fixed by screws 18 passing through the bearing cap 17 and the bearing 16, screwed into the fixing holes 19 in the connecting chamber 14.
  • the present invention teaches a method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine, simple and easy to manufacture, comprising at least one cylinder in which is fitted a liner and whose length is optimized. It is not limited to the embodiment described and shown, and the skilled person will be able to provide any variant within his mind.
  • the spacing of the cylinders can be greatly reduced.
  • the upper part of the bearing 16 bears on the two adjacent liners and secures them in the cylindrical chambers.
  • the molding may be by injection of metallic material of steel or aluminum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Method of manufacturing a fixed cylinder head internal combustion engine (1) comprising at least one cylinder (10), involving the following steps: a) creating a casting that will form the fixed cylinder head engine, comprising a crank case (14) and at least one cylindrical chamber (11) of base surface area s and height h, opening at a bottom end into the crank case; b) creating a liner (20) in the form of a cylindrical tube the diameter of which is less than or equal to the diameter of the cylindrical chamber (11); c) fitting said liner (20) via the crank case into the cylindrical chamber (11); d) creating a bearing (16) and a bearing cap (17) for supporting a crank shaft (15) comprising at least two holes for the passage of fixing screws for said bearing and said bearing cap, characterized in that said bearing (16) is added on to the roof of the wall of the crank case (14) and in that at least one portion of said bearing is situated below the base surface of the cylindrical chamber (11).

Description

MOTEUR BORGNE AVEC PALIERS RAPPORTES DESCRIPTION  ENGINE BORGNE WITH PALIERS RATING DESCRIPTION
Domaine technique auquel se rapporte l'invention Technical field to which the invention relates
La présente invention concerne de manière générale les moteurs à combustion interne qui comportent au moins un cylindre et un attelage mobile, composé du vilebrequin, de la bielle et du piston. The present invention generally relates to internal combustion engines which comprise at least one cylinder and a movable coupling, composed of the crankshaft, the connecting rod and the piston.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un moteur borgne à combustion interne et le procédé de fabrication dudit moteur.  The invention relates more particularly to a blind engine with internal combustion and the method of manufacturing said engine.
L'invention concerne également les véhicu les automobiles éq u ipés de moteu r à combustion interne avec un moteur borgne selon l'invention.  The invention also relates to motor vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines with a blind motor according to the invention.
Etat de la technique antérieure State of the art
Selon la demande FR1 151859 au nom de la demanderesse, le moteur borgne à combustion interne comprend une culasse coulée d'une seule pièce avec le carter cylindre, la culasse fermant la partie supérieure du carter cylindre. La partie culasse comporte un orifice de logement de bougie électrique et des sièges de soupapes. La partie carter cylindre comprend une chambre horizontale dénommée chambre de bielle et abritant un vilebrequin et au moins u n cylindre, ledit cylindre comporte une chambre pour loger une chemise sous forme de tube cylindrique dans laquelle se déplace un piston et qui débouche dans son extrémité basse dans la chambre de bielle. Ladite chemise est emboîtée dans ladite chambre par le dessous dudit cylindre en passant par la chambre de bielle. Un inconvénient concerne le moulage du moteur borgne avec les paliers de vilebrequin. Les paliers obtenus brut de moulage doivent être usinés pour recevoir l'axe du vilebrequin. Cet usinage est rendu difficile par les dimensions réduites de la chambre de bielle. According to FR1 application 151859 in the name of the applicant, the internal combustion blind engine comprises a cylinder head cast in one piece with the cylinder block, the cylinder head closing the upper part of the cylinder block. The breech portion includes an electric spark plug port and valve seats. The crankcase portion comprises a horizontal chamber called a crank chamber and housing a crankshaft and at least one cylinder, said cylinder comprises a chamber for housing a jacket in the form of a cylindrical tube in which a piston moves and which opens in its lower end in the crank chamber. Said liner is fitted into said chamber from below said cylinder through the crank chamber. A disadvantage relates to the molding of the blind motor with the crankshaft bearings. The bearings obtained raw molding must be machined to receive the axis of the crankshaft. This machining is made difficult by the reduced dimensions of the crank chamber.
Un autre inconvénient concerne l'encombrement dudit moteur. Les paliers de maintien de l'axe du vilebrequin sont généralement obtenus par moulage à proximité de la chambre destinée à loger la chemise et doivent être suffisamment espacés pour permettre l'emboitement de ladite chemise par le dessous. Cet espacement est sensiblement supérieur au diamètre extérieur de la chemise. L'encombrement dudit moteur n'est pas optimisé.  Another disadvantage relates to the size of said motor. The bearings for maintaining the crankshaft axis are generally obtained by molding near the chamber intended to house the jacket and must be spaced apart sufficiently to allow the fitting of said jacket from below. This spacing is substantially greater than the outer diameter of the jacket. The size of said engine is not optimized.
Objet de l'invention Object of the invention
Un but de l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients et l'invention a pour objet un moteur borgne à combustion interne comportant au moins une chambre adaptée à recevoir une chemise destinée à guider les mouvements d'un piston dont la fabrication est simple, avec un encombrement optimisé et à un coût relativement peu élevé. An object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages and the invention relates to a blind engine with internal combustion comprising at least one chamber adapted to receive a shirt intended to guide the movements of a piston whose manufacture is simple, with an optimized size and at a relatively low cost.
La présente invention vise également un procédé de réalisation d'un tel moteur.  The present invention also provides a method for producing such an engine.
Avantageusement, le procédé de fabrication du moteur borgne selon l'invention comprend les étapes suivantes :  Advantageously, the manufacturing process of the blind motor according to the invention comprises the following steps:
-réalisation d'un moteur borgne comportant au moins un cylindre destiné à recevoir une chemise,  realization of a blind motor comprising at least one cylinder intended to receive a jacket,
-réalisation d'une chemise,  -fitting a shirt,
-perçage et taraudage des trous de fixation des paliers,  -punching and tapping of the fixing holes of the bearings,
-emboîtement de la chemise dans le cylindre par le dessous,  -entering the liner in the cylinder from below,
-fixation de la chemise,  -fixing the shirt,
-présentation des paliers au niveau des trous de fixation  -presentation of the bearings at the fixing holes
Avantageusement, le moulage du moteur borgne comprend un seul noyau définissant la chambre cylindrique destinée à recevoir la chemise.  Advantageously, the molding of the blind motor comprises a single core defining the cylindrical chamber intended to receive the jacket.
Avantageusement, la chemise est emboîtée dans la chambre par le dessous et est maintenue fixe par un butoir vissé dans la paroi de la chambre de bielle à proximité de la chambre destinée à recevoir la chemise.  Advantageously, the liner is nested in the chamber from below and is held fixed by a bumper screwed into the wall of the connecting rod chamber near the chamber intended to receive the liner.
Avantageusement, des trous sont percés et taraudés dans la paroi haute de la chambre de bielle et destinés à recevoir les vis de fixation des paliers de vilebrequin.  Advantageously, holes are drilled and tapped into the upper wall of the connecting rod chamber and intended to receive the screws for fixing the crankshaft bearings.
Avantageusement, des bagues de guidage sont introduites dans les trous de fixation pour aider le positionnement des paliers de vilebrequin.  Advantageously, guide rings are introduced into the fixing holes to assist the positioning of the crankshaft bearings.
Avantageusement, les paliers et les chapeaux de paliers entourant le vilebrequin sont fixés par les vis de fixation dans la paroi de la chambre de bielle.  Advantageously, the bearings and the bearing caps surrounding the crankshaft are fixed by the fixing screws in the wall of the crank chamber.
D'autres aspects de l'invention vont être présentés dans la description suivante en regard des dessins annexés, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, ladite description fera bien comprendre en quoi consiste l'invention et comment elle peut être réalisée.  Other aspects of the invention will be presented in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limiting example, said description will make it clear what the invention is and how it can be achieved.
Description des dessins Description of the drawings
La figure 1 est une vue en coupe de dessous selon la section BB de la figure 2. Figure 1 is a bottom sectional view according to section BB of Figure 2.
La figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale du moteur borgne de la figure 1 selon la section AA avec tous les composants montés.  Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the blind motor of Figure 1 in section AA with all components mounted.
La figure 3 est une vue en perspective du noyau intérieur du moule de sable, destiné à former la partie évidée dans le moteur. La figure 4 est une vue en coupe du moteur borgne obtenu après démoulage selon la section AA de la figure 1. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the inner core of the sand mold, for forming the recessed portion in the engine. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the blind motor obtained after demoulding according to section AA of FIG. 1.
La figure 5 est une vue en coupe du moteur borgne selon la section CC de la figure 1 avant la fixation des paliers.  Figure 5 is a sectional view of the blind motor according to section CC of Figure 1 before the fixing of the bearings.
La figure 6 est une vue en coupe d'une moitié du moteur borgne selon la section CC de la figure 1 , où les paliers sont assemblés.  Figure 6 is a sectional view of a half of the blind motor according to section CC of Figure 1, where the bearings are assembled.
Exposé de modes de réalisation de l'invention Presentation of embodiments of the invention
Dans la suite de la description, on se réfère à un trièdre d'axe longitudinal x, axe du moteur et/ou du vilebrequin, d'axe transversal y et d'axe vertical z qui est parallèle à l'axe de chaque cylindre. In the remainder of the description, reference is made to a trihedron of longitudinal axis x, axis of the engine and / or crankshaft, of transverse axis y and vertical axis z which is parallel to the axis of each cylinder.
Les éléments identiques d'une figure à l'autre gardent le même numéro de référence. Identical elements from one figure to another keep the same reference number.
La figure 1 représente schématiquement une vue de dessous selon la section BB de la figure 2 d'un moteur à combustion interne selon l'invention. Une portion d'un vilebrequin 15 est maintenue par des paliers 16 et chapeaux de palier 17 selon l'axe longitudinal x. Une chambre cylindrique 1 1 , intérieure à un cylindre 10 est située entre deux paliers 16 et loge une chemise cylindrique 20. Au moins une portion des paliers 16 est sous la surface de base de la chambre cylindrique 1 1. Figure 1 schematically shows a bottom view according to section BB of Figure 2 of an internal combustion engine according to the invention. A portion of a crankshaft 15 is held by bearings 16 and bearing caps 17 along the longitudinal axis x. A cylindrical chamber 1 1, inside a cylinder 10 is located between two bearings 16 and houses a cylindrical jacket 20. At least a portion of the bearings 16 is below the base surface of the cylindrical chamber January 1.
Selon la figure 2, le moteur 1 selon l'invention est un moteur borgne constitué d'une partie culasse 12 et d'une partie carter cylindre 13 en une seule pièce obtenue par moulage. Ladite partie carter-cylindre 13 est fermée en partie supérieure par la partie culasse 12 et en partie inférieure par un carter à huile non représenté.  According to Figure 2, the engine 1 according to the invention is a blind motor consisting of a cylinder head portion 12 and a cylinder block portion 13 in one piece obtained by molding. Said crankcase portion 13 is closed in the upper part by the cylinder head portion 12 and in the lower part by a not shown oil pan.
La partie culasse 12 comporte au moins un conduit d'échappement 26, ledit conduit débouchant dans un toit de chambre à combustion 33 qui forme une cavité sensiblement conique et dont l'objet est d'améliorer la combustion. La partie culasse 12 supporte au moins une soupape 27 qui ferme l'accès audit conduit 26. Ladite soupape 27 ouvre l'accès audit conduit 26 lors de la phase d'échappement des gaz brûlés. Ladite soupape 27 se déplace selon un mouvement longitudinal suivant un axe incliné par rapport à l'axe vertical Z, su ivant les contraintes de combustion du moteur. La soupape 27 vient en appui sur un siège de soupape 34 pour fermer le cond uit 26. La culasse supporte également des d ispositifs d 'injection et d 'allu mage (non représentés).  The cylinder head portion 12 comprises at least one exhaust duct 26, said duct opening into a combustion chamber roof 33 which forms a substantially conical cavity and whose object is to improve combustion. The cylinder head portion 12 supports at least one valve 27 which closes the access to said duct 26. Said valve 27 opens access to said duct 26 during the exhaust phase of the flue gases. Said valve 27 moves in a longitudinal movement along an inclined axis with respect to the vertical axis Z, following the engine combustion stresses. The valve 27 bears on a valve seat 34 to close the condition 26. The cylinder head also supports injection and ignition devices (not shown).
La partie carter-cylindre 13 comprend au moins un cylindre 10 vertical et entourant la chambre cylindrique 1 1 qui débouche dans son extrémité haute dans la cavité du toit de chambre 33 dans la partie culasse 12 et dans son extrémité basse dans une chambre de bielle 14 disposée sensiblement horizontalement selon l'axe longitudinal x. Ladite chambre cylindrique 1 1 est obtenue de fonderie et conformée pour accueillir une chemise 20 sensiblement tubulaire. La chambre de bielle 14 abrite le vilebrequin 15 qui tourne autour de l'axe x et est relié à des bielles 22 par leurs extrémités basses par des liaisons pivot. Les extrémités hautes desdites bielles sont reliées à un piston 21 qui coulisse dans l'alésage 23 de la chemise 20, avec des mouvements de va-et-vient. Le vilebrequin 15 est maintenu par au moins un palier 16 et un chapeau de palier 17, entourant ledit vilebrequin et disposés transversalement par rapport à l'axe de rotation du vilebrequin 15. The crankcase portion 13 comprises at least one vertical cylinder 10 and surrounding the cylindrical chamber 1 1 which opens at its upper end into the cavity of the roof chamber 33 in the cylinder head portion 12 and in its lower end in a crank chamber 14 disposed substantially horizontally along the longitudinal axis x. Said cylindrical chamber 1 1 is obtained from a foundry and shaped to accommodate a substantially tubular jacket 20. The crank chamber 14 houses the crankshaft 15 which rotates about the x axis and is connected to rods 22 by their low ends by pivot links. The upper ends of said connecting rods are connected to a piston 21 which slides in the bore 23 of the jacket 20, with reciprocating movements. The crankshaft 15 is held by at least one bearing 16 and a bearing cap 17, surrounding said crankshaft and arranged transversely with respect to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft 15.
Le moteur borgne 1 est de manière préférentielle obtenu par moulage par coulée de fonte avec un moule sable. Selon la figure 3, le moule est constitué d'un premier noyau extérieur (non représenté) constitué de sable destiné à former l'enveloppe extérieure et d'un second noyau intérieur 2 également de sable destiné à former la partie évidée dans le moteur qui sont la chambre de bielle 14 et la chambre cylindrique 1 1. Ledit noyau intérieur 2 est continu, et comprend une première partie 32 de forme sensiblement semi-cylindrique d'axe longitudinal, et surmontée perpendiculairement par au moins une deuxième partie cylindrique 30 de hauteur h.  The blind motor 1 is preferably obtained by casting cast iron with a sand mold. According to FIG. 3, the mold consists of a first outer core (not shown) consisting of sand intended to form the outer casing and a second inner core 2 also made of sand intended to form the part hollowed out in the motor which are the connecting rod chamber 14 and the cylindrical chamber 1 1. Said inner core 2 is continuous, and comprises a first portion 32 of substantially semi-cylindrical shape of longitudinal axis, and surmounted perpendicularly by at least a second cylindrical portion 30 of height h.
Ladite première partie 32 comprend à côté de la deuxième partie cylindrique 30 au moins deux cavités 44 creusées transversalement d'un côté et de l'autre de l'axe longitudinal.  Said first portion 32 comprises, next to the second cylindrical portion 30, at least two cavities 44 hollowed transversely on one side and the other of the longitudinal axis.
Ladite deuxième partie cylindrique 30 comprend une extrémité haute terminée par au moins un premier bossage 29 sensiblement conique et dont le d iam ètre d e la base est sensiblement inférieur au diamètre de la deuxième partie cylindrique. Ce qui a pour effet de former une deuxième surface d'appui de référence 43 dans l'extrémité haute ou plafond de la chambre cylindrique 1 1 après démoulage. A l'extrémité libre du premier bossage 29, au moins un noyau 28 de sable de forme sensiblement tubulaire est rajouté, destiné à former au moins le conduit d'échappement. Un second bossage 31 sensiblement cylindrique et oblique, et destiné à former une zone biseautée 35 est rajouté sur un côté transversal de la partie cylindrique 30 depuis l'extrémité basse de ladite partie 30.  Said second cylindrical portion 30 comprises an upper end terminated by at least one first substantially conical boss 29 and whose base diameter is substantially smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical portion. This has the effect of forming a second reference bearing surface 43 in the high end or ceiling of the cylindrical chamber January 1 after demolding. At the free end of the first boss 29, at least one core 28 of substantially tubular sand is added to form at least the exhaust duct. A second substantially cylindrical and oblique boss 31 intended to form a bevelled zone 35 is added on a transverse side of the cylindrical part 30 from the lower end of said portion 30.
Selon la figure 4, après démoulage la première partie 32 forme la chambre de bielle 14, les cavités 44 laissent place à deux bossages 45 dans le plafond de la paroi de la chambre de bielle 14, lesdits bossages présentent un sommet sensiblement plat destiné à former une première surface d'appui de référence 40 pour la fixation des paliers 16 de vilebrequin. La deuxième partie cylindrique forme la chambre cylindrique 1 1 avec une hauteur h.  According to FIG. 4, after unmolding the first part 32 forms the connecting-rod chamber 14, the cavities 44 give way to two bosses 45 in the ceiling of the wall of the connecting-rod chamber 14, said bosses have a substantially flat top intended to form a first reference bearing surface 40 for fixing the bearings 16 of the crankshaft. The second cylindrical portion forms the cylindrical chamber 1 1 with a height h.
Une chemise tubulaire 20 est emboîtée dans la chambre cylindrique 1 1 jusqu'au plafond de ladite chambre au contact avec la deuxième surface d'appui de référence 43. Sa hauteur est sensiblement supérieure à la hauteur h de la chambre cylindrique 1 1 dé telle manière qu'elle dépasse légèrement de ladite chambre 1 1 , dans la chambre de bielle 14.  A tubular liner 20 is nested in the cylindrical chamber 1 1 to the ceiling of said chamber in contact with the second reference bearing surface 43. Its height is substantially greater than the height h of the cylindrical chamber 1 1 in such a way it protrudes slightly from said chamber 1 1, in the crank chamber 14.
Le moteur borgne 1 selon l'invention comprend au moins un palier 16 de support du vilebrequin, qui est rapporté et fixé dans le plafond de la chambre de bielle 14 par vissage sur la première surface d'appui de référence 40.  The blind motor 1 according to the invention comprises at least one support bearing 16 of the crankshaft support, which is attached and fixed in the ceiling of the connecting rod chamber 14 by screwing on the first reference bearing surface 40.
Le palier 16 en acier est obtenu de manière préférentielle par moulage et comprend une partie inférieure 39 et une partie supérieure 38.  The steel bearing 16 is preferably obtained by molding and comprises a lower part 39 and an upper part 38.
La partie inférieure 39 est en forme de parallélépipède rectangle et comprend une paroi latérale supérieure 41 et une paroi latérale inférieure 42. La paroi latérale supérieure 41 vient en contact partiellement avec la première surface d'appui de référence 40. La partie inférieure 39 comprend deux trous 37 verticaux selon l'axe z en bordure gauche et en bordure droite selon la largeur d'axe y, destinés au passage des vis de fixation et en regard avec les trous taraudés 19 lors de la fixation des paliers. Elle comprend également un évidement sensiblement semi- cylindrique concave sur la paroi latérale inférieure 42, d'axe longitudinal x, sensiblement au centre de ladite paroi et dont le rayon est sensiblement supérieur au rayon de l'axe du vilebrequin 15. La largeur de la partie inférieure 39 permet d'optimiser la position de fixation du palier dans le plafond de la chambre de bielle 14. The lower portion 39 is in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped and comprises an upper side wall 41 and a lower side wall 42. The upper side wall 41 comes into partially contacting the first reference bearing surface 40. The lower part 39 comprises two vertical holes 37 along the z-axis at the left edge and at the right edge along the y-axis width, intended for the passage of the fixing screws and facing the threaded holes 19 during the fixing of the bearings. It also comprises a substantially semi-cylindrical recess concave on the lower side wall 42, of longitudinal axis x, substantially in the center of said wall and whose radius is substantially greater than the radius of the axis of the crankshaft 15. The width of the lower part 39 optimizes the fixing position of the bearing in the ceiling of the crank chamber 14.
La partie supérieure 38 du palier est sensiblement en forme de parallélépipède rectangle accolé à la partie inférieure 39 sur sa paroi latérale supérieure 41. Elle comporte une largeur (selon l'axe y) inférieure à celle de la partie inférieure 39 et une épaisseur (selon l'axe x) telle que au moins une portion de la partie supérieure est sous la surface de base de la chambre cylindrique 1 1 , une fois le palier fixé sur la paroi de la chambre de bielle 14. La hauteur de ladite partie supérieure 38 cumulée avec la hauteur de la chemise tubulaire 20 est sensiblement égale à la différence de niveau entre la première surface d'appui de référence 40 et la deuxième surface d'appui de référence 43. La partie supérieure 38 est en appui sur la chemise tubulaire 20 et la maintient fixée dans la chambre cylindrique 1 1.  The upper portion 38 of the bearing is substantially in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped attached to the lower portion 39 on its upper side wall 41. It has a width (along the y axis) lower than that of the lower portion 39 and a thickness (according to the axis x) such that at least a portion of the upper portion is below the base surface of the cylindrical chamber 1 1, once the bearing fixed on the wall of the connecting chamber chamber 14. The height of said upper portion 38 cumulative with the height of the tubular liner 20 is substantially equal to the difference in level between the first reference bearing surface 40 and the second reference bearing surface 43. The upper portion 38 bears on the tubular liner 20 and maintains it fixed in the cylindrical chamber 1 1.
Le chapeau de palier 17 est une pièce également en forme de parallélépipède rectangle en acier, sensiblement identique à la partie inférieure du palier 16. Il comprend donc ainsi une largeur (selon l'axe y) et une épaisseur (selon l'axe x) sensiblement égales respectivement à la largeur et à l'épaisseur de la partie inférieure 39 du palier 16 et deux trous verticaux 37 de même diamètre que les trous 37 du palier 16 en bordure gauche et en bordure droite selon la largeur d'axe y, en regard avec les trous 37 du palier 16, ainsi qu'un évidement semi-cylindrique de rayon sensiblement supérieur au rayon de l'axe du vilebrequin 15 tourné vers le haut, de façon à ce que le palier 16 et le chapeau de palier 17 une fois assemblés, entourent l'axe du vilebrequin dans l'évidement cylindrique formé.  The bearing cap 17 is a piece also in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped made of steel, substantially identical to the lower part of the bearing 16. It thus comprises a width (along the y axis) and a thickness (along the x axis). substantially equal respectively to the width and the thickness of the lower portion 39 of the bearing 16 and two vertical holes 37 of the same diameter as the holes 37 of the bearing 16 at the left edge and at the right edge along the width of the y axis, with the holes 37 of the bearing 16, and a semicylindrical recess of radius substantially greater than the radius of the axis of the crankshaft 15 facing upwards, so that the bearing 16 and the bearing cap 17 a once assembled, surround the axis of the crankshaft in the formed cylindrical recess.
Une fois le moteur obtenu par moulage, de manière préférentielle, le moteur borgne 1 est retourné de façon à présenter la chambre de bielle 14 tournée vers le haut. Les bossages 45 sont usinés pour définir la première surface d'appui de référence 40. Des trous verticaux 19 sont percés dans ladite surface d'appui de référence 40 et sont ensuite taraudés. Des bagues de centrage 36, sous forme de cylindres tubulaires en acier, sont insérées dans les trous 19 de façon à présenter une partie qui dépasse de la première surface d'appui de référence 40. La chemise 20 est alors emboîtée dans la chambre cylindrique 1 1 du moteur borgne 1 jusqu'au contact avec la deuxième surface de référence 43. Le palier 16 avec l'évidement semi-cylindrique tourné vers le haut est mis en appui sur la première surface d'appui de référence 40 de telle façon q ue les bagues de centrage 36 installées dans les trous de fixation 19 rentrent aussi dans les trous 37.  Once the engine obtained by molding, preferably, the blind motor 1 is returned to present the connecting rod chamber 14 facing upwards. The bosses 45 are machined to define the first reference bearing surface 40. Vertical holes 19 are drilled in said reference bearing surface 40 and are then threaded. Centering rings 36, in the form of tubular steel cylinders, are inserted in the holes 19 so as to have a portion protruding from the first reference bearing surface 40. The jacket 20 is then fitted into the cylindrical chamber 1 1 of the blind motor 1 to contact with the second reference surface 43. The bearing 16 with the semi-cylindrical recess facing upwards is pressed against the first reference bearing surface 40 in such a way that the centering rings 36 installed in the fixing holes 19 also fit into the holes 37.
Le moteur borgne est alors prêt à accueillir l'attelage mobile, constitué par un piston, une bielle et le vilebrequin. Le piston 21 associé à la bielle 22 qui est reliée au vilebrequin 15 est emboîté dans l'alésage 23 de la chemise 20. Le vilebrequin 15, de manière classique, est alors mis en appui sur les paliers 16, les chapeaux de paliers 17 sont ensuite fixés par des vis 18 traversant le chapeau de palier 17 et le palier 16, vissés dans les trous de fixation 19 dans la chambre de bielle 14. The blind motor is then ready to accommodate the movable hitch, consisting of a piston, a connecting rod and the crankshaft. The piston 21 associated with the connecting rod 22 which is connected to the crankshaft 15 is fitted into the bore 23 of the liner 20. The crankshaft 15, in a conventional manner, is then placed resting on the bearings 16, the bearing caps 17 are then fixed by screws 18 passing through the bearing cap 17 and the bearing 16, screwed into the fixing holes 19 in the connecting chamber 14.
La présente invention enseig ne u n procédé de fabrication d 'u n moteu r borg ne à combustion interne, simple et facile à fabriquer, comprenant au moins un cylindre dans lequel est emboîtée une chemise et dont la longueur est optimisée. Il n'est nullement limité au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté, et l'homme du métier saura apporter toute variante conforme à son esprit.  The present invention teaches a method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine, simple and easy to manufacture, comprising at least one cylinder in which is fitted a liner and whose length is optimized. It is not limited to the embodiment described and shown, and the skilled person will be able to provide any variant within his mind.
En particulier, dans le cas de moteur avec au moins deux cylindres, l'entraxe des cylindres peut être fortement réduit. La partie supérieure du palier 16 est en appui sur les deux chemises adjacentes et les fixent dans les chambres cylindriques.  In particular, in the case of engines with at least two cylinders, the spacing of the cylinders can be greatly reduced. The upper part of the bearing 16 bears on the two adjacent liners and secures them in the cylindrical chambers.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation , le moulage peut être par injection de matière métallique d'acier ou d'aluminium.  According to another embodiment, the molding may be by injection of metallic material of steel or aluminum.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Procédé de fabrication d'un moteur borgne (1 ) à combustion interne comprenant au moins un cylindre (10), comportant les étapes suivantes : A method of manufacturing an internal combustion blind motor (1) comprising at least one cylinder (10), comprising the steps of:
a. Réaliser une pièce issue du moulage formant le moteur borgne, comportant une chambre de bielle (14) et au moins une chambre cylindrique (11 ) de surface de base s et de hauteur h, débouchant à une extrémité basse dans la chambre de bielle,  at. Producing a part from the molding forming the blind motor, comprising a connecting shaft chamber (14) and at least one cylindrical chamber (11) of base surface s and height h, opening at a low end in the connecting rod chamber,
b. Réaliser une chemise (20) en tube cylindrique, dont le diamètre extérieur est inférieur ou égal au diamètre de la chambre cylindrique (1 1),  b. Producing a jacket (20) made of cylindrical tube whose outside diameter is less than or equal to the diameter of the cylindrical chamber (1 1),
c. Emboîter ladite chemise (20) par la chambre de bielle dans la chambre cylindrique (1 1 ),  vs. Nesting said jacket (20) by the connecting rod chamber in the cylindrical chamber (1 1),
d. Réaliser un palier (16) et un chapeau de palier (17) de support d'un vilebrequin (15) comportant au moins deux trous pour le passage de vis de fixation desdits palier et chapeau de palier, - caractérisé en ce que ledit palier (16) est rapporté dans le plafond de la paroi de la chambre de bielle (14), et en ce qu'au moins une portion dudit palier est situé sous la surface de base de la chambre cylindrique (11 ).  d. Carrying a bearing (16) and a bearing cap (17) for supporting a crankshaft (15) having at least two holes for the passage of screws for fixing said bearing and bearing cap, - characterized in that said bearing ( 16) is reported in the ceiling of the wall of the connecting rod chamber (14), and in that at least a portion of said bearing is located below the base surface of the cylindrical chamber (11).
2) Procédé de fabrication d'un moteur borgne selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que préalablement à l'étape c, des trous de fixation (19) sont percés et taraudés dans la paroi de la chambre de bielle pour fixer le palier (16) et chapeau de palier (17) qui entourent un vilebrequin (15).  2) A method of manufacturing a blind motor according to the preceding claim, characterized in that prior to step c, fixing holes (19) are drilled and tapped in the wall of the connecting shaft chamber to fix the bearing ( 16) and bearing cap (17) surrounding a crankshaft (15).
3) Moteur borgne (1 ) à combustion interne comprenant au moins un cylindre (10) comportant une chambre cylindrique (11 ) fermée à un plafond, comportant une surface de base et une hauteur et logeant une chemise tubulaire (20) emboîtée au contact avec ledit plafond, et une chambre de bielle (14) concave abritant un vilebrequin (15), caractérisé en ce que au moins un palier (16) et au moins un chapeau de palier (17) entourant le vilebrequin (15), sont fixés par vissage dans le plafond de la paroi de la chambre de bielle (14) au niveau d'un plan de référence (40), au moins une portion dudit palier est sous la surface de base de ladite chambre cylindrique (11 ).  3) Internal combustion blind motor (1) comprising at least one cylinder (10) having a cylindrical chamber (11) closed to a ceiling, having a base surface and a height and housing a tubular liner (20) nested in contact with said ceiling, and a concave crank chamber (14) housing a crankshaft (15), characterized in that at least one bearing (16) and at least one bearing cap (17) surrounding the crankshaft (15) are fixed by screwing into the ceiling of the wall of the crank chamber (14) at a reference plane (40), at least a portion of said bearing is below the base surface of said cylindrical chamber (11).
4) Moteur borgne (1 ) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le palier (16) comprend une partie supérieure (38) et une partie inférieure (39), ladite partie inférieure et le chapeau de palier (17) sont de forme sensiblement identique et comprennent au moins un trou vertical (37) traversant en bordure gauche et en bordure droite destiné au passage des vis de fixation et un évidement semi-cylindrique destiné à entourer le vilebrequin (15). Moteur borgne (1 ) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la partie supérieure (38) du palier (16) est sensiblement supérieure à celle de la partie inférieure (39), une portion de la partie supérieure est sous la surface de base de la chambre cylindrique (1 1 ). 4) Blind motor (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the bearing (16) comprises an upper portion (38) and a lower portion (39), said lower portion and the bearing cap (17) are shaped substantially identical and comprise at least one vertical hole (37) passing through the left edge and right edge for the passage of the fastening screws and a semi-cylindrical recess for surrounding the crankshaft (15). Blind motor (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickness of the upper part (38) of the bearing (16) is substantially greater than that of the lower part (39), a portion of the upper part is under the base surface of the cylindrical chamber (1 1).
Moteur borgne (1 ) selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la hauteur de la chemise tubulaire (20) est sensiblement supérieure à la hauteur de la chambre cylindrique (1 1 ), la chemise (20) emboîtée dans la chambre cylindrique (1 1 ) dépasse sensiblement de la paroi de la chambre de bielle (14).  Blind motor (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the height of the tubular liner (20) is substantially greater than the height of the cylindrical chamber (1 1), the liner (20) nested in the cylindrical chamber (1). 1) substantially exceeds the wall of the connecting rod chamber (14).
Moteur borgne (1 ) selon la revendication précédente 5, caractérisé en ce que la partie supérieure du palier (16) est en appui sur la chemise tubulaire et la fixe à l'intérieur de la chambre cylindrique (1 1 ).  Blind motor (1) according to the preceding claim 5, characterized in that the upper part of the bearing (16) is supported on the tubular liner and fixed inside the cylindrical chamber (1 1).
Moteur borgne (1 ) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur cumulée de la chemise tubulaire et de la partie supérieure (38) du palier (16) est sensiblement égale à la hauteur entre le plafond de la chambre cylindrique (1 1 ) et le plan de référence (40) dans la paroi de la chambre de bielle (14).  Blind motor (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the cumulative height of the tubular liner and the upper portion (38) of the bearing (16) is substantially equal to the height between the ceiling of the cylindrical chamber (1 1 ) and the reference plane (40) in the wall of the crank chamber (14).
PCT/FR2012/050719 2011-04-21 2012-04-03 Fixed cylinder head engine with added‑in bearings WO2012143639A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR112013025334-7A BR112013025334B1 (en) 2011-04-21 2012-04-03 manufacturing process for an internal combustion engine with a fixed cylinder head, and an internal combustion engine with a fixed cylinder head

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1153463A FR2974318B1 (en) 2011-04-21 2011-04-21 ENGINE BORGNE WITH RAISED BEARINGS
FR1153463 2011-04-21

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104476127A (en) * 2014-11-19 2015-04-01 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 Cylinder head machining process

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DE3815508C1 (en) * 1988-05-06 1989-08-24 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De
JPH041452A (en) * 1990-04-17 1992-01-06 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Integral cylinder block for internal combustion engine
JPH0650206A (en) * 1992-07-31 1994-02-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Engine block construction for internal combustion engine
US5419037A (en) * 1994-05-20 1995-05-30 Outboard Marine Corporation Method of inserting, boring, and honing a cylinder bore liner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1151859A (en) 1956-06-25 1958-02-06 Calumet & Hecla Tube spinning process and industry
DE3715200A1 (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-24 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Internal combustion engine
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104476127A (en) * 2014-11-19 2015-04-01 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 Cylinder head machining process
CN104476127B (en) * 2014-11-19 2017-04-19 泉州格罗特机电设备有限公司 Cylinder head machining process

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BR112013025334A2 (en) 2017-07-25
FR2974318A1 (en) 2012-10-26
BR112013025334B1 (en) 2021-05-25

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