WO2012130509A1 - Procédé de détection d'une association entre un dispositif électrique et un wattmètre, système d'alimentation électrique et système de surveillance - Google Patents

Procédé de détection d'une association entre un dispositif électrique et un wattmètre, système d'alimentation électrique et système de surveillance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012130509A1
WO2012130509A1 PCT/EP2012/052021 EP2012052021W WO2012130509A1 WO 2012130509 A1 WO2012130509 A1 WO 2012130509A1 EP 2012052021 W EP2012052021 W EP 2012052021W WO 2012130509 A1 WO2012130509 A1 WO 2012130509A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
electrical device
working condition
change
power meter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/052021
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Juergen Quittek
Dominique Dudkowski
Marcus Brunner
Original Assignee
Nec Europe Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nec Europe Ltd. filed Critical Nec Europe Ltd.
Publication of WO2012130509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012130509A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D4/00—Tariff metering apparatus
    • G01D4/002—Remote reading of utility meters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3003—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored
    • G06F11/3017—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored where the computing system is implementing multitasking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3003—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored
    • G06F11/302—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored where the computing system component is a software system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3051—Monitoring arrangements for monitoring the configuration of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring the presence of processing resources, peripherals, I/O links, software programs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3055—Monitoring arrangements for monitoring the status of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring if the computing system is on, off, available, not available
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3058—Monitoring arrangements for monitoring environmental properties or parameters of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring of power, currents, temperature, humidity, position, vibrations
    • G06F11/3062—Monitoring arrangements for monitoring environmental properties or parameters of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring of power, currents, temperature, humidity, position, vibrations where the monitored property is the power consumption
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for detecting an association between an electrical device and a power meter, wherein the power meter measures a power value of the power consumption of the electrical device, wherein a working condition of the electrical device will be monitored and wherein a change of the working condition will be detected and correlated with a respective change of the measured power value for providing an indication of association between the electrical device and the power meter.
  • the present invention relates to a power supply system, preferably for carrying out the above mentioned method, comprising at least one electrical device and at least one power meter, wherein the association between an electrical device and a power meter will be detected and wherein the power meter measures a power value of the power consumption of the electrical device, further comprising means for monitoring a working condition of the electrical device and for detecting a change of the working condition and means for correlating the change of the working condition with a respective change of the measured power value for providing an indication of association between the electrical device and the power meter.
  • the present invention relates to a monitoring system, preferably for carrying out the above mentioned method, wherein an association between an electrical device and a power meter will be detected and wherein the power meter measures a power value of the power consumption of the electrical device, comprising means for monitoring a working condition of the electrical device and for detecting a change of the working condition and means for correlating the change of the working condition with a respective change of the measured power value for providing an indication of association between the electrical device and the power meter.
  • Metering the power and energy consumption of an electrical device requires hardware that conducts the measurement. For cost reasons and other reasons, many devices are not instrumented with such hardware. Often power of such devices is measured with external power meters, for example, built into a power distribution unit (PDU, aka smart power strip).
  • PDU power distribution unit
  • a meter may measure power at a single power outlet, but this outlet may be connected to another power strip that allows multiple electrical devices to be supplied from this outlet. Then the meter measures the sum of the power of all connected devices.
  • the problem is to find out which devices are supplied with a power line at which a meter is measuring power, i.e. which electrical device is associated to which power meter.
  • Known methods addressing this problem include
  • Many devices have power signatures, such as a refrigerator with recurring cooling actions or a washing machine with heating, washing and tumbling phases. Their power signatures can be subject to pattern matching in order to detect that the power of such a device is measured by a certain power meter.
  • this method has the problem that it only identifies a kind of device, not a particular one. There is no problem with detecting a single washing machine in a home. But in a datacenter there may be thousands of identical servers all with the same power-on and power-off signature. Even if there are only two very similar devices measured by two meters, this method will not be useful for finding out which device is connected to which meter.
  • the aforementioned object is accomplished by a method comprising the features of claim 1 , by a power supply system comprising the features of claim 27 and by a monitoring system comprising the features of claim 28.
  • the power meter could be integrated in or be part of a power supply system.
  • the working condition could be characterized by at least one dynamic property of the electrical device. In this case a power measurement can be matched with the measurement of a dynamic device property in order to get an indication which electrical device receives the power that is measured at a power meter.
  • a significant increase and/or decrease of the at least one dynamic property within a definable time interval could be monitored.
  • the time interval comprising the significant increase and/or decrease of the at least one dynamic property could be defined in dependence on individual applications of the electrical device.
  • the dynamic property could be a processor load of the electrical device. For example, if a steep increase of processor load is monitored and at the same time a steep increase of power at one of different power meters, then this is an indication that the processor load is measured by this power meter.
  • the at least one dynamic property could be monitored.
  • the selection of such a monitored parameter could be depending on the individual application of the electrical device.
  • the working condition could be characterized by the occurrence or termination of a definable event or process generated by the electrical device.
  • events generated by the devices could be used to match with increases and decreases, respectively, of power values.
  • the event could be the start or the completion of a computing job or program.
  • a notification from a server that computing jobs were started or completed could be matched with power fluctuations or changes at the same point in time.
  • the change of the measured power value could be a significant increase and/or decrease of the power value within a definable time interval. Such a time interval could be defined depending on an individual application situation.
  • the working condition could be monitored by the electrical device itself. Thus, implementation of further separate entities is not necessary. Alternatively, the working condition could be monitored by a separate monitoring entity.
  • information about the working condition or about a change of the working condition could be transmitted from the electrical device or from the monitoring entity to a system entity for performing the correlation of a detected change of the working condition with a respective change of the measured power value.
  • system entity and the monitoring entity could be realized within a single monitoring and system entity.
  • a system entity performing correlation could generate indication of an association between an electrical device and a power meter each time there is a strong correlation between a detected change of the electrical device's working condition and a power value measured by the power meter.
  • the electrical device is associated with the power meter and that the power consumption of the electrical device is at least a part of the power consumption measured by the power meter.
  • the collecting or counting process and/or the assuming process could be performed by the above mentioned system entity. In this case a very compact power supply system could be realized.
  • the method for detecting corresponding or associated pairs of electrical devices and power meters could be performed continuously. In this case changes can be detected, for example, when an electrical device is plugged into another socket for which power is metered by a different power meter.
  • the method for detecting corresponding or associated pairs of electrical devices and power meters could be performed periodically, preferably depending on how often a change is expected. For example, the method could be performed once per hour, per day or per week. In this case, processing capacity could be saved.
  • the method for detecting corresponding or associated pairs of electrical devices and power meters could be repeated when triggered by an event on the electrical device that is an indicator for a potential change of cabling.
  • An example could be a re-boot of a system.
  • a mapping or an association of an electrical device to a power meter could be invalidated by an event that is an indicator for a potential change of cabling.
  • the method for detecting corresponding or associated pairs of electrical devices and power meters could be performed offline or independent from monitoring activities. For example, log files of a server could be processed. For providing high association reliability all dynamic properties of an electrical device could be monitored. As an electrical device could have many dynamic properties, high computational capacity could be necessary for monitoring all said dynamic properties. For reducing computational load at least one predefinable dynamic property could be monitored. This could be possible, if it is known by, for example, the monitoring system, that there are dynamic properties which have only a small influence on the electrical power value of the electrical device. Such dynamic properties could be ignored.
  • a further reduction of the amount of data and processing capacity could be realized, if the electrical device or the monitoring entity would preprocess the information about the working condition or about a change of the working condition by providing and/or reporting only correlation relevant information, preferably to a remote entity.
  • the preprocessing could comprise extracting times of increases and/or decreases of a dynamic property and preferably reporting or providing only them.
  • the preprocessing could comprise extracting times of occurrence or termination of a definable event or process generated by the electrical device.
  • such a preprocessing could also be executed offline, for example, by processing log files of a server.
  • cascaded power meters could be detected, when a single electrical device can be mapped or associated to two power meters. If indications are detected of an association between an electrical device and two power meters then it can be assumed that power meters are cascaded and that the power measured by both power meters includes the power of the electrical device. Within a further preferred embodiment the method could be used for validating existing wiring plans for metered electrical devices.
  • the device's power is a part of the power measured by the power meter if for a pair of power meter and electrical device the number of indications observed within a given time frame exceeds a given threshold, running the process of mapping electrical devices to power meters continuously instead of stopping it once an electrical device has been mapped,
  • mapping process selecting parameters of the mapping process, including the time frame in which the number of indications is collected and the threshold that needs to be exceeded for assuming that an electrical device corresponds to a power meter,
  • having the monitored electrical devices or an intermediate device between the monitored electrical devices and the energy management system or system entity preprocessing the time series of values of their properties in order to reduce the amount of data to be transferred and to reduce the processing load on the energy management system - preprocessing may, for example, include extracting times of steep increases or decreases and reporting only them -, • running the mapping process offline instead of online, for example, one per hour or per day,
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a power supply system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a power supply system according to the invention.
  • the power supply system comprises two power sources each having a power supply cable. Each power supply cable is connected to a power meter, so that the power supply system in Fig. 1 comprises two power meters.
  • the first power source provides energy to electrical devices 1 , 2 and 3.
  • the second power source provides energy to electrical devices 4, 5 and 6.
  • the electrical devices report individual working conditions to a power monitoring system. Both power meters report power values to the same power monitoring system.
  • the power monitoring system comprises a monitoring entity and a system entity for performing the correlation of a detected change of the working condition with a respective change of the measured power value.
  • the present invention provides a non-intrusive method to identify a single electrical device or multiple electrical devices connected to a power source or a power outlet or a power cord at which power is measured as shown in Fig. 1.
  • One idea is to match power measurements with measurements of other working conditions or dynamic device properties in order to get an indication which electrical devices receive the power that is measured at a power meter.
  • monitoring of working conditions or dynamic properties of the electrical devices is needed.
  • One idea is matching a significant increase or decrease of a dynamic device property in a short time with a significant increase or decrease, respectively, of measured power at a power meter. For example if we observe at a PC or computer a steep increase of processor load and at the same time a steep increase of power at one of the power meters, then this is an indication that the PC's or computer's power is measured by this power meter.
  • a power monitoring system would correlate power measurements and observations of dynamic properties of electric devices and collect such indications resulting from timely correlated increases or decreases, respectively, of power values and dynamic device properties.
  • There are many methods known for detecting increases and decreases of average values in time series of values including, for example, MCMC Methods (see Paper: 31. Lavielle, M., Lebarbier, E.: An Application of MCMC Methods for the Multiple Change-Points Problem, Signal Processing, 81 (2001 ), 39-53) or Multiresolution and Hybrid Bayesian Algorithms (see Paper: 32.
  • Some electrical devices have many dynamic properties that can be monitored. A simple approach is to monitor all dynamic values that are available and detect steep increases and decreases of their values. But this needs more processing at the power monitoring system. There are several ways to reduce the required effort. If it is known by the energy monitoring system which of these properties have a significant influence on the electrical power value of the electrical device, monitoring can be restricted to these values. If two or more values usually show increases and decreases simultaneously, then they are apparently highly correlated and the energy monitoring system may just monitor one of them instead of all. On the other hand, if properties show almost constant values for a very long time, the energy monitoring system can save effort by ignoring them.
  • the energy monitoring system may also select the parameters of the method for mapping electrical devices to corresponding power meters including the time frame in which the number of indications is collected and the threshold that needs to be exceeded for assuming that an electrical device corresponds to a power meter.
  • the energy monitoring system may receive information about dynamic properties of an electrical device indirectly from another entity that has access to information on these properties.
  • Monitored electrical devices or intermediate devices between the monitored electrical devices and the energy management system may preprocess the time series of values of their properties in order to reduce the amount of data to be transferred and to reduce the processing load on the energy/power management system. Preprocessing may, for example, include extracting times of steep increases or decreases and reporting only them.
  • the detection of indications that an electrical device is associated to a power meter may be conducted offline. Instead of continuously monitoring dynamic properties of an electrical device, the energy monitoring system may periodically map electrical devices to power meters, for example once per hour, per day or per week, depending on how often changes are expected.
  • events generated by the electrical devices can be used to match with increases and decreases, respectively, of power values. For example, a notification from a server that computing jobs was started or completed can be matched with power fluctuations at the same point in time. This method can as well be executed offline, for example, by processing log files of a server.
  • other characteristics of time series can be used, for example, lengths of peaks and bursts, frequencies of periodic time series, etc.
  • the energy monitoring system can assume that power meters are cascaded and that the power measured by both power meters includes the power of the electrical device.
  • a power monitoring system or an energy monitoring system could monitor a number of computers and use a few power meters installed in the power supply system according to Fig. 1.
  • the embodiment can match power measurements with measurements of other dynamic device properties in order to get an indication which electrical devices receive power that is measured at a power meter.
  • a significant increase or decrease of a dynamic device property in a short time can be matched with a significant increase and decrease, respectively, of measured power at a power meter for getting an indication on which device's power is metered by which power meter.
  • the embodiment is providing a method for the detection of what electrical device is associated with a certain power meter. Observed dynamic device properties can be matched with metered time series of power values.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

Pour permettre une association efficace et fiable entre un dispositif électrique et un wattmètre, est revendiqué un procédé de détection d'une association entre un dispositif électrique et un wattmètre à l'intérieur d'un système d'alimentation électrique, le wattmètre mesurant une valeur d'énergie de la consommation d'énergie du dispositif électrique, une condition de travail du dispositif électrique étant surveillée et un changement de la condition de travail étant détecté et corrélé à un changement respectif de la valeur d'énergie mesurée pour fournir une indication d'une association entre le dispositif électrique et le wattmètre. En outre, l'invention porte sur un système d'alimentation électrique et un système de surveillance correspondant, de préférence pour mettre en œuvre le procédé mentionné ci-dessus.
PCT/EP2012/052021 2011-03-31 2012-02-07 Procédé de détection d'une association entre un dispositif électrique et un wattmètre, système d'alimentation électrique et système de surveillance WO2012130509A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11002661.4 2011-03-31
EP11002661 2011-03-31

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WO2012130509A1 true WO2012130509A1 (fr) 2012-10-04

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Cited By (5)

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CN103838658A (zh) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-04 国际商业机器公司 用于***管理的可伸缩数据采集
CN104765325A (zh) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-08 智上科技股份有限公司 电力插座以及电器事件侦测方法
WO2015160779A1 (fr) * 2014-04-14 2015-10-22 Power Monitors, Inc. Procédé et appareil de surveillance de qualité d'alimentation en nuage
WO2015167761A1 (fr) * 2014-04-28 2015-11-05 Landis+Gyr Innovations, Inc. Surveillance de la consommation d'énergie par des dispositifs électriques à l'aide de paramètres de fonctionnement surveillés
US10060957B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2018-08-28 Power Monitors, Inc. Method and apparatus for a cloud-based power quality monitor

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WO2009061291A1 (fr) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-14 Square D Company Améliorations de la détermination de hiérarchie pour des systèmes de surveillance de puissance
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10060957B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2018-08-28 Power Monitors, Inc. Method and apparatus for a cloud-based power quality monitor
CN103838658A (zh) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-04 国际商业机器公司 用于***管理的可伸缩数据采集
CN104765325A (zh) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-08 智上科技股份有限公司 电力插座以及电器事件侦测方法
WO2015160779A1 (fr) * 2014-04-14 2015-10-22 Power Monitors, Inc. Procédé et appareil de surveillance de qualité d'alimentation en nuage
EP3132519A1 (fr) * 2014-04-14 2017-02-22 Power Monitors, Inc. Procédé et appareil de surveillance de qualité d'alimentation en nuage
JP2017515449A (ja) * 2014-04-14 2017-06-08 パワー モニターズ インコーポレイテッド クラウドベースの電力品質モニタのための方法及び装置
WO2015167761A1 (fr) * 2014-04-28 2015-11-05 Landis+Gyr Innovations, Inc. Surveillance de la consommation d'énergie par des dispositifs électriques à l'aide de paramètres de fonctionnement surveillés
JP2017514448A (ja) * 2014-04-28 2017-06-01 ランディス・ギア イノベーションズ インコーポレイテッドＬａｎｄｉｓ＋Ｇｙｒ Ｉｎｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎｓ， Ｉｎｃ． 監視対象の動作パラメータを用いて電気機器による消費電力のモニタリングを行う方法
US10324117B2 (en) 2014-04-28 2019-06-18 Landis+Gyr Innovations, Inc. Monitoring power consumption by electrical devices using monitored operational parameters

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