WO2012130076A1 - 一种调度方法、网络设备和终端设备 - Google Patents

一种调度方法、网络设备和终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012130076A1
WO2012130076A1 PCT/CN2012/072784 CN2012072784W WO2012130076A1 WO 2012130076 A1 WO2012130076 A1 WO 2012130076A1 CN 2012072784 W CN2012072784 W CN 2012072784W WO 2012130076 A1 WO2012130076 A1 WO 2012130076A1
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Prior art keywords
channel
scheduling
uplink
downlink
information
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PCT/CN2012/072784
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲍东山
王竞
刘慎发
曾勇波
周玉宝
闫志刚
王飞飞
Original Assignee
北京新岸线无线技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 201110080637 external-priority patent/CN102761966A/zh
Application filed by 北京新岸线无线技术有限公司 filed Critical 北京新岸线无线技术有限公司
Priority to CN201280013011.2A priority Critical patent/CN103430610B/zh
Publication of WO2012130076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012130076A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

Definitions

  • the application date is March 25, 2011, and the application number is 201110074598.5.
  • the invention name is the priority of the prior art application for the method and system for adjusting the demodulation pilot in the wireless communication system, and the application date is March 2011.
  • the application number is 201110080637.2
  • the invention name is a prioritization of a scheduling method, a wireless communication system and equipment
  • the application date is May 19, 2011, and the application number is 201110130194.3
  • the invention name is a
  • the priority of the prior application of the communication system, and the application date is February 16, 2012
  • the application number is 201210035784.2
  • the invention name is the priority of a prior application of a scheduling method, a network device, and a terminal device, All of the content of the first application has been embodied in this application.
  • the present invention relates to wireless communication, or particularly to a wireless communication or, in particular, to a scheduling method, a network device, and a terminal device.
  • wireless communication systems for medium and short communication distances include 802.11-based wireless LAN WiFi technology, 802.15-based Bluetooth Bluetooth system, and Femto technology for indoor applications generated by mobile communication systems.
  • 802.11-based WiFi technology is one of the most widely used wireless network transmission technologies today. It is mainly used in wireless office i or network environments. The application scenarios are mostly indoors and can also be applied to outdoor environments.
  • the 802.11 system evolved from the original CDMA transport mechanism based 802.11 b to OFDM technology based 802.11 a and 802.11 g. In the latest 802.11 ⁇ version, by introducing multiple antennas
  • CAP access point
  • STA Station
  • the CSMA/CA mechanism Through the CSMA/CA mechanism, the right to use wireless resources is competed, and at the same time, the wireless channel is competed, and collision occurs at this time, resulting in waste of wireless resources.
  • the CSMA/CA mechanism requires that the CAP or STA need to randomly retreat when competing for the wireless channel. When all CAPs and STAs are backed off, the wireless channel is idle but not used, which is also for wireless. Great waste of the channel. For the above reasons, 802.11 systems are less efficient.
  • 802.11 g system physical layer peak rate of up to 54Mbps, but the TCP layer under the large packet download service (for example: FTP Download) reachable rate is not higher than 30Mbps (in the small packet service, due to the increase in the proportion of overhead, The peak rate is 4 ⁇ ).
  • the 802.11 system is flexible and does not rely on a centralized control mechanism, so it can also achieve lower equipment costs.
  • the Femto technology based on the 3GPP standard is a new technology for indoor coverage that has evolved from a mobile communication system. Based on the statistics of 3G systems, about 70% of data services occur indoors, so indoor high-speed data access solutions are especially important.
  • the Femto base station called the micro-base station, is compact (similar to Wi-Fi) and flexible to deploy. Due to the evolution from mobile communication systems, Femto base stations have inherited almost all the characteristics of mobile communication systems.
  • the Femto device combines its limited coverage and fewer application scenarios such as access users to reduce the processing power of the device and reduce the cost of the device.
  • the duplex mode like the mobile communication system, the Femto base station can be divided into two types of duplex mechanisms: FDD and TDD.
  • the uplink and downlink carrier resources of the FDD are symmetric, and the asymmetric service characteristics of the uplink and downlink data traffic of the data service make the FDD system have a certain waste of resources when facing the data service.
  • the uplink and downlink of the TDD system work on the same carrier, and the time resources are allocated to allocate different radio resources to the uplink and downlink. Therefore, the FDD can better adapt to the asymmetric data services of the uplink and downlink services.
  • the TDD duplex mode of mobile communication systems including Femto system
  • static allocation of uplink and downlink resources and various types of data services with different needs, such as: browsing web pages, mobile video, mobile games, M2M (machine-to-machine )
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • Wi-Fi because Femto uses a scheduling-based centralized control mechanism, there is no waste of radio resources between the base station or CAP and the terminal or terminal due to collision and random backoff, so the link efficiency is high.
  • Femto technology its multiple access mechanism allocates mutually orthogonal access resources for different STAs by time, frequency and codeword, which is essentially different from the competitive CSMA/CA random multiple access.
  • Femto technology requires a centralized control node to allocate mutually orthogonal radio resources to STAs. Different STAs can simultaneously transmit air interface resources by time, frequency, codeword or even space.
  • the Femto technology based on the 3G system uses the CDMA transmission mechanism
  • the Femto technology for the LTE or WiMAX system uses the OFDM transmission mechanism. Since OFDM technology is the mainstream technology for future broadband wireless communication systems, the Femto technologies mentioned in the present invention all refer to LTE or WiMAX Femto. Since TDD technology can better adapt to the uplink and downlink asymmetric services of the mobile Internet than the FDD technology, the Femto mentioned in the present invention mainly refers to the TDD Femto technology.
  • the Femto system also allocates radio resources for different terminals by scheduling uplink and downlink communication
  • its statically configured frame structure cannot flexibly allocate radio resources for uplink and downlink, and cannot adapt to service changes with small granularity.
  • the resource configuration is out of balance, it may cause long-term queuing, the user experience is reduced, or the channel capacity is wasted.
  • CSMA/CA is a multi-access mechanism for competition. Inevitably there will be conflicts in the system. If two or more terminals, or between the terminal and the CAP When it comes to air interface, neither party will compete for success. This is the conflict. Obviously, the conflict of competition is undoubtedly a waste of air resources. Once the conflict is struck, in order to avoid the conflict again, all parties to the competition will initiate a random retreat. In the backoff process, there will be multiple situations where the competing nodes are waiting.
  • the scheduling period is 1 ms as the minimum configuration unit.
  • the asymmetry characteristics of the upper and lower services are inconsistent, and the statically configured frame format cannot adapt to the needs of various data services.
  • the service characteristics change there will be some redundancy or shortage of the uplink and downlink resources of the initial configuration. This will not only waste wireless resources, but also increase service delay.
  • the radio resources are allocated to different terminals by scheduling uplink and downlink communication, the statically configured frame structure cannot flexibly allocate radio resources for uplink and downlink, and cannot adapt to service changes with small granularity. When services and resources When the configuration is unbalanced, it may cause long-term queuing, the user experience is reduced, or the channel capacity is wasted.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a scheduling method, a network device, and a terminal device, so as to dynamically divide uplink and downlink wireless transmission resources based on service requirements, and also better adapt to future types. And different data business needs.
  • a summary of the cartridge is given below. This generalization is not a general comment, nor is it intended to identify key/critical elements or to describe the scope of protection for these embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in the form of a single sheet as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.
  • the present invention provides a scheduling method, including: acquiring scheduling information;
  • the uplink scheduling period and the downlink scheduling period are calculated according to the transmission resources scheduled in the frame.
  • the structure of the current frame is determined according to the uplink scheduling period, the downlink scheduling period, and the guard interval.
  • the structure of the current frame is broadcasted, and scheduling signaling is sent.
  • the present invention further provides a network device, including: an acquiring unit, configured to acquire scheduling information; a scheduling unit, configured to schedule a transmission resource according to the scheduling information;
  • a determining unit configured to calculate an uplink scheduling period and a downlink scheduling period according to the transmission resource scheduled in the intraframe; and determine a structure of the current frame according to an uplink scheduling period, a downlink scheduling period, and a guard interval; and a broadcast unit, configured to broadcast the current frame And a sending unit, configured to send downlink scheduling signaling.
  • the present invention further provides a terminal device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive structural information and scheduling signaling of the current frame;
  • a determining unit configured to determine a structure of the frame according to the structural information of the frame, and determine allocation of the resource according to the scheduling signal.
  • the STA allocates radio resources to avoid the waste of radio resources caused by the competition mechanism.
  • the invention can not only adapt to the large service rate change of different terminals, but also adapt to the dynamic changes of the wireless channel.
  • the invention can better adapt to the dynamic changes of various data service requirements, dynamically match the channel capacity with the service demand, and obtain better system efficiency. It can weigh the service requirements and channel characteristics, dynamically divide the uplink and downlink resources, and dynamically allocate radio resources for different terminals under the condition of link adaptation.
  • the present invention also considers the state information delay of the channel, the processing time requirements of different class devices, and the like. All of the above considerations can improve system efficiency and performance.
  • This frame feedback can be implemented to reduce the feedback delay of MU-MIMO.
  • This frame scheduling can be implemented, which reduces the scheduling delay of the service.
  • the frame structure is flexible and can adapt to the uplink and downlink transmission requirements of various data services. There is no fixed frame length or frame period constraint. At the same time, the system allows the uplink and downlink scheduling transmission period to adapt to the change of the uplink and downlink service requirements, and can adapt the service demand to the uplink and downlink channel capacity to obtain higher resource utilization.
  • the scheduling period can adapt to changes in the time-selective fading of the wireless channel, avoiding unnecessary Control overhead caused by frequent scheduling;
  • the system allows the frame length to be dynamically adjusted to adaptively time-selective fading of the wireless channel, which can match the system scheduling period with the wireless channel, thereby reducing the control overhead caused by frequent scheduling.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a scheduling method provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a scheduling method applicable to downlink scheduling according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure for measuring the quality of a downlink transmission channel by an CAP through an uplink sounding channel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a frame structure of a quality scheduling downlink transmission of a CAP through an uplink feedback channel according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a scheduling method applicable to uplink scheduling according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an uplink scheduling transmission process when the state/quality information of the CAP unknown uplink channel and the bandwidth requirement are provided according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the CAP provided by the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a device for a network device according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a device for a terminal device according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an uplink and downlink scheduling transmission process provided by an application example of the present invention. detailed description
  • Step S101 Obtain scheduling information.
  • Step S102 Scheduling transmission resources according to the scheduling information.
  • the scheduling information includes scheduling requirements of each receiving device, or scheduling requirements of different service flows of each receiving device.
  • Step S103 Calculating an uplink scheduling according to the transmission resources scheduled in the frame. Cycle and downlink scheduling cycles;
  • Step S104 Determine a structure of the current frame according to an uplink scheduling period, a downlink scheduling period, and a guard interval.
  • Step S105 Broadcast the structure of the current frame, and send scheduling signaling.
  • the scheduling signaling is used to indicate allocation of transmission resources.
  • the calculation of the downlink scheduling period includes: acquiring downlink scheduling information; scheduling downlink transmission resources according to the downlink scheduling information; and calculating a downlink scheduling period according to the downlink transmission resources scheduled in the intraframe.
  • the scheduling the downlink transmission resource according to the downlink scheduling information may include: scheduling the downlink transmission channel according to the downlink scheduling information.
  • the downlink transport channel is used to transmit one or more of downlink services, signaling, and feedback information.
  • the downlink transmission resource can be scheduled according to the quality information and/or the state information of the downlink transmission channel. Therefore, the present invention is designed to: firstly: schedule an uplink sounding channel for the STA to send an uplink sounding signal according to the downlink scheduling information; Calculating the quality and/or state of the uplink transmission channel by measuring the detection signal of the uplink sounding channel, determining the quality and/or state of the downlink transmission channel based on the upper and lower reciprocity of the system; combining the quality information of the downlink transmission channel and / or status information to schedule downlink transmission resources.
  • Manner 2 scheduling, according to the downlink scheduling information, a downlink sounding channel for the CAP to send the downlink sounding signal; and scheduling an uplink transport channel for the STA to feed back the quality and/or state of the downlink transport channel measured according to the downlink sounding signal;
  • the downlink transmission resource is scheduled in combination with the quality and/or state of the downlink transmission channel obtained by the feedback.
  • the calculation of the uplink scheduling period includes: acquiring uplink scheduling information; scheduling uplink transmission resources according to the uplink scheduling information; and calculating an uplink scheduling period according to the uplink transmission resources scheduled in the frame.
  • the scheduling the uplink transmission resource according to the uplink scheduling information may include: according to the foregoing
  • the line scheduling information schedules an uplink transmission channel.
  • the uplink transport channel is used to transmit one or more of uplink traffic, signaling, and feedback information.
  • the uplink transmission resource can be scheduled in combination with the quality information and/or the state information of the uplink transmission channel. Therefore, the present invention is to provide: an uplink detection channel for the STA to send an uplink sounding signal according to the uplink scheduling information; The quality and/or state of the uplink transport channel is calculated by measuring the sounding signal of the uplink sounding channel; and the uplink transmission resource is scheduled according to the quality information and/or the state information of the uplink transport channel.
  • Manner 2 scheduling, according to the uplink scheduling information, a downlink sounding channel for the CAP to send the downlink sounding signal; and scheduling an uplink transport channel for the STA to feed back the quality and/or state of the downlink transport channel measured according to the downlink sounding signal; Obtaining the quality and/or state of the downlink transmission channel through feedback, determining the quality and/or state of the uplink transmission channel based on the upper and lower reciprocity of the system, and scheduling the uplink transmission resource according to the quality and/or state of the uplink transmission channel .
  • the system information channel and the control channel are also scheduled:
  • the scheduling signaling is sent through a control channel.
  • the method may also include broadcasting the frame length of the current frame.
  • the structure and/or frame length of the frame is broadcast over the system information channel, or the system information channel and the control channel, or other channels.
  • the method of the present invention does not have a waste of radio resources caused by competition conflict or random backoff.
  • the system can dynamically divide uplink and downlink wireless resources based on service requirements, and can dynamically adapt to future kinds of data services with various characteristics and different characteristics. demand.
  • the transmitted communication frame in the present invention is based on the TDD duplex mode (on a fixed carrier, the base station or the CAP and the terminal or the STA completes the reception and transmission by the transmission and reception conversion time division), and each TDD frame (Frame) includes Downlink (DL, Downlink, from base station to terminal or from CAP to STA direction) transmission and uplink (UL, Uplink, from terminal to base station or from STA to CAP direction) transmit two parts, but downlink transmission and uplink transmission period can be dynamic Configuration, and thus each TDD frame period can also be dynamically changed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure provided by Embodiment 1. As shown in Fig. 2, the abscissa represents time and the ordinate represents frequency.
  • Each frame includes a downlink subframe and an uplink subframe, and the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe are divided into different channels according to functions, and each channel is divided into different fields according to functions.
  • the downlink subframe is divided into a preamble sequence, a system information channel, and a control channel, and a downlink guard interval DGI and an uplink guard interval UGI are provided between the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe, and the downlink guard interval is
  • DGI is the downlink-to-uplink transmission and reception protection interval
  • UGI is the uplink-to-downlink transmission and reception protection interval
  • DGI and UGI configurations are indicated by periodic broadcast messages of the system information channel.
  • the starting position of each frame is a Preamble preamble sequence, and the preamble sequence can be divided into a short preamble sequence and a long preamble sequence.
  • the short preamble sequence is mainly used for system coarse synchronization, and is also used for frame detection, automatic gain control, coarse frequency synchronization or coarse symbol synchronization.
  • the long preamble sequence is mainly used for system fine synchronization and channel estimation, and is also used for fine frequency synchronization. Fine symbol synchronization, etc.
  • the system information channel can not only broaden the basic system configuration, such as frequency band configuration, antenna configuration and frame number, but also broadcast the frame structure configuration of the frame, for example: configuration or period of each channel or part of the channel, structure and/or frame length
  • the configuration of the control channel period, the downlink transmission channel period, the uplink transmission channel period, the auxiliary channel (downlink sounding channel, uplink sounding channel, uplink scheduling request channel, uplink random access channel) and the guard interval are indicated by the system information channel. Configuration, etc.
  • the frame structure configuration By detecting the frame structure configuration, all the terminal devices associated with the network device can obtain the structure of the frame, or obtain the structure and frame length of the frame.
  • the control channel carries signaling information indicating uplink and downlink scheduling transmission, and indicates downlink and uplink transmission channel resource allocation and transmission formats.
  • the downlink subframe may also include a downlink transport channel for the network device to transmit downlink service data and/or control signaling to the terminal device. Downlink traffic scheduling transmission and/or downlink signaling scheduling transmission are performed on the downlink transmission channel.
  • the downlink subframe may also include a downlink sounding channel, and the downlink sounding channel is used for quality/state measurement and estimation of the downlink channel.
  • the uplink subframe may include an uplink transport channel for the terminal device to transmit uplink data services and/or feedback information to the network device. Uplink traffic scheduling transmission and/or uplink feedback scheduling transmission are performed on the uplink transmission channel.
  • the uplink subframe may further include one or more of an uplink sounding channel, an uplink scheduling request channel, and an uplink random access channel;
  • the uplink sounding channel is used for quality/state measurement and estimation of the uplink channel; the uplink scheduling request channel is used for the terminal device to trigger the uplink scheduling request or the uplink fast feedback; the uplink random access channel is used for the initial access of the terminal device, or the terminal device scheduling request .
  • FIG. 2 only exemplifies an example of a frame structure including all auxiliary channels. In actual situations, depending on the system application scenario or scheme, some auxiliary channels (downlink sounding channel, uplink sounding channel, uplink scheduling request channel, or uplink) Random access channel) can also be ignored.
  • the auxiliary channel and the uplink transmission channel use a time division multiplexing transmission mode.
  • the frequency division or code division multiplexing of the auxiliary channel and the uplink and downlink transmission channels or the combined multiplexing of time division, frequency division or code division can also be implemented.
  • the system information channel and the control channel adopt time division multiplexing mode, and can also implement combined multiplexing of system information channel and control channel frequency division, code division or time division, frequency division or code division, and specific resource allocation is indicated by the control channel. .
  • the downlink sounding channel can be located at both ends or in the middle of the downlink transport channel. As shown in FIG. 2, only the downlink sounding channel is listed behind the downlink transport channel, and may be in the middle or the middle of the downlink transport channel, and may be multiple-input multiple-out-put (MU-MIMO).
  • MU-MIMO multiple-input multiple-out-put
  • the performance of the downlink MU-MIMO system is not only sensitive to the state information delay of the downlink channel, but also the multi-user MIMO involves a large signal processing complexity. Considering the state information delay of the channel and the hardware processing complexity that may be different in different application scenarios, it is more reasonable that the downlink sounding channel is located in the middle of the downlink transmission channel.
  • the specific location of the downlink sounding channel on the downlink transport channel is indicated by the periodic broadcast message of the system information channel. If the downlink sounding channel is fixed in position, it can be used to indicate the presence or absence of the downlink sounding channel with 1 bit in the system information channel. If there are terminal devices with different processing capabilities in the system, the downlink sounding channel position is variable. In this case, not only the presence or absence of the downlink sounding channel, the period and the location, but also the two downlink transmission channel periods need to be indicated in the system information channel.
  • the two downlink transmission channel period indications can be used in the following three ways:
  • the total period of the downlink transmission channel and the period of the downlink transmission channel two are respectively indicated.
  • the downlink sounding channel position is set by the above dynamic or semi-static setting to provide sufficient processing time for devices with different processing capabilities.
  • the frame structure can be indicated by bit bits in the system information channel, that is, the presence and absence of each channel and the period are indicated.
  • 6 bits are used to indicate the control channel period, the maximum 63 OFDM symbols, the minimum resource allocation unit: 1 OFDM symbol; 9 bits indicates the downlink transmission channel period, and the maximum 512 OFDM symbols (including dedicated demodulation) Pilot;); 9bits indicating the uplink transmission channel period, the maximum 512 OFDM symbols (including dedicated demodulation pilot); 1 bit indicating the guard interval DGI, a total of 1 OFDM symbol; 2bits indicating the probing channel configuration, respectively indicating 0, 1, 2, 4 OFDM symbols; 2bits indicating the uplink scheduling request channel configuration, respectively indicating 1, 2, 3, 4 OFDM symbols; 1 bit indicating the uplink random access channel configuration, respectively indicating with or without two The case; if there is, only 1 OFDM symbol; 1 bit indicates the guard interval UGI, a total of 1 OFDM symbol.
  • the method for indicating the downlink transmission channel or the uplink transmission channel resource allocation of the control channel is as follows:
  • Nbit is used to indicate the starting position of a certain STA in the downlink transmission channel, and Nbit is used to indicate how many consecutive STAs are in the position.
  • the length of the resource is 000100000, and the conversion to decimal is 32. After the symbol (including the symbol), 32 consecutive symbols are assigned to the STA.
  • Mbit is used to indicate the starting position of a certain STA in the uplink transmission channel, and Mbit is used to indicate how many bits of the STA are allocated resources after the location.
  • the frame structure and/or the frame length may be jointly indicated by the system information channel and the control channel, as follows: In the system information channel, the control channel period is indicated by 6 bits, the maximum 63 OFDM symbols, or the frame length is also indicated; In the channel, 9 bits indicates the downlink transmission channel period, 9 bits indicates the uplink transmission channel period, 1 bit indicates the downlink protection interval DGI, 2 bits indicates the uplink sounding channel configuration, 2 bits indicates the uplink scheduling request channel configuration, and 1 bit indicates the uplink. Random access channel configuration, with 1 bit indicating the upstream protection interval UGI.
  • all the terminal devices associated with the network device can accurately determine each TDD frame period and the uplink transmission period and the downlink transmission period in the frame by the following two methods.
  • the first method indicating the frame structure through the system information channel; or indicating the frame structure and frame length through the system information channel.
  • the channel period configuration of each part of the TDD frame is broadcast by the system information channel through system information.
  • the system information channel can not only broadcast the basic system information such as the frequency band configuration, the antenna configuration, and the frame number of the network device, but also can broadcast the period or presence of each subchannel or part of the subchannel in the frame, such as Control channel period, uplink and downlink transmission channel period, presence or absence of auxiliary channel, and period.
  • the system information channel When the structure of the current frame is indicated by the system information channel, since the system information channel indicates the presence or absence of the control channel transmission period and part of the auxiliary channel transmission, all terminal devices associated with the network device receive the network device. After each communication frame is sent, the system information channel of the communication frame is first detected, and the control channel transmission period, the uplink and downlink transmission channel transmission period, and other auxiliary channels are present and the transmission period are determined, and the channel periods are summed and calculated. Obtain the transmission resources occupied by each terminal device, and finally determine the structure and frame length of the current frame. When the system information channel indicates the structure and the frame length of the current frame, all the terminal devices associated with the network device first detect the system information channel of the communication frame after receiving each communication frame sent by the network device, and determine the control. The channel period, the downlink transmission channel transmission period, the uplink transmission channel transmission period, and other auxiliary channels are present and transmitted, and the frame length of the current frame is directly obtained.
  • the second method jointly indicates the frame structure through the system information channel and the control channel; or jointly indicates the frame structure and the frame length through the system information channel and the control channel.
  • all terminal devices associated with the network device After receiving each communication frame sent by the network device, first detect the system information channel of the communication frame, and determine the control channel. Transmission period or presence and other auxiliary channel transmission periods. On each control channel of the frame, it is determined that the network device separately schedules uplink and downlink transmission channel resources and each auxiliary channel for each terminal device that needs to be scheduled in the frame (for example, a downlink sounding channel, an uplink sounding channel, an uplink scheduling request channel, and an uplink). Random access channel) resources.
  • Integrating the information transmitted in the system information channel and the control channel summing the channel periods, calculating the transmission resources occupied by each terminal device, and finally determining the structure of the frame, calculating the frame length of the current frame;
  • the control channel jointly indicates the frame structure and the frame length
  • all terminal devices associated with the network device first detect the communication frame after receiving each communication frame sent by the network device.
  • the system information channel of the communication frame determines whether the control channel transmission period or the presence and other auxiliary channel transmission periods are present or not, and directly obtains the frame length of the current frame.
  • On each control channel of the frame it is determined that the network device separately schedules uplink and downlink transport channel resources and each auxiliary channel resource for each terminal device that needs to be scheduled in the current frame.
  • Each terminal device associated with the network device receives the scheduling signaling, determines a transmission period according to the transmission resource, and calculates a frame length of the current frame, or obtains a frame length of the current frame, and determines a transmission period according to the transmission resource, specifically including After receiving the frame structure information and the scheduling signaling, each terminal device associated with the network device detects the system information channel and the control channel, and integrates the system information transmitted in the system information channel and the scheduling signaling transmitted in the control channel.
  • the network device mentioned in the present invention is not limited to the CAP, and may be other network devices such as a base station.
  • the terminal device is not limited to the STA, and may be other terminal devices such as a terminal.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a scheduling method applicable to downlink scheduling according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The following describes the downlink scheduling and transmission process in detail, including the following four steps:
  • Step S301 The network device acquires downlink scheduling information, where the downlink scheduling information includes scheduling requirements of different service flows of each terminal device or each terminal device (for example: service to be scheduled and queue length, quality of service QoS requirements of different services, service) Priority, etc.).
  • the downlink scheduling information includes scheduling requirements of different service flows of each terminal device or each terminal device (for example: service to be scheduled and queue length, quality of service QoS requirements of different services, service) Priority, etc.).
  • the step S301 may further include: acquiring state information or quality information of the downlink transmission channel of the network device to each terminal device (whether the network device can obtain the state information or the quality information of the downlink transmission channel depends on the capability of the terminal device, if the terminal device Not supported, the network device may not rely on the channel information scheduling).
  • the frame period determination is performed by the scheduler on the network device side.
  • the scheduler obtains downlink scheduling information from the MAC or the upper layer of the network device, and obtains status information or quality information of the downlink transport channel by using the following three methods:
  • the first mode the network device schedules N uplink sounding channels for the N terminal devices that need to be scheduled, and each terminal device transmits a sounding signal on the uplink sounding channel, and the network device measures the quality of the uplink transmission channel by using the uplink sounding signal, and is based on the TDD system.
  • the uplink and downlink reciprocity obtains the quality information of the downlink transmission channel corresponding to each terminal device;
  • the second mode the network device schedules N uplink feedback channels for the N terminal devices that need to be scheduled, and each terminal device measures the state or quality of the channel according to the downlink detection or the common pilot signal, and is on the uplink feedback channel scheduled by the network device. Feedback status information or quality information of the channel;
  • the third mode the network device schedules N uplink sounding channels and N uplink feedback channels for the N terminal devices that need to be scheduled, and each terminal device measures the state or quality of the channel according to the downlink sounding or the common pilot signal, and transmits the uplink signal.
  • Each terminal device transmits an uplink sounding signal and feedback state or quality information of all or part of the channel respectively for the uplink sounding channel and the uplink feedback channel scheduled for it.
  • the status information of the channel refers to the downlink transmission channel matrix H (NXM stage, N receiving antennas, M transmitting antennas;), or the V (MXK order) matrix of the downlink transmission channel matrix H after SVD decomposition, or Compressed information of the V matrix;
  • the quality information of the channel refers to the following information or part of information: SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) or SINR (Signal to Noise Ratio) of the downlink transmission channel, MCS (modulation coding set available for downlink transmission), Nss (downstream) The number of spatial streams that can be used for transmission;), PMI (a set of precoding matrices that can be used for downlink transmission) and other related measurement scales;
  • the measurement and feedback of the state or quality of the channel may be state information or quality information of a channel for measuring and feeding back the entire frequency band, or status information or quality information of a channel for measuring and feeding back a partial frequency band;
  • the uplink sounding channel may be scheduled on demand, and the on-demand scheduling includes two modes: the network device triggers the scheduling STA to transmit the sounding signal, or after the network device schedules once, the terminal device is in the uplink for a period of time.
  • the detection signal is periodically transmitted on the sounding channel;
  • the ACK or NACK feedback for the service of the downlink transmission channel in the frame may be the uplink transmission channel feedback in the current frame, or may be the uplink transmission channel feedback in other frames, or may not be fed back.
  • Step S302 The scheduling device of the network device completes the scheduling algorithm, including: the network device schedules downlink transmission resources for all or part of the terminal equipments with service requirements according to the downlink scheduling information; or the network device combines the status of the channel according to the downlink scheduling information. Or quality information, scheduling downlink transmission resources for all or part of the terminal equipment having service requirements; wherein, the scheduling algorithm is, for example, a maximum load ratio scheduling algorithm, a polling scheduling algorithm, a proportional fair scheduling algorithm, and the like.
  • Each terminal device can share downlink transmission resources by combining time division, frequency division, code division, space division or the above multiplexing manner.
  • the scheduling the downlink transmission resource according to the downlink scheduling information includes: scheduling a downlink transmission channel for the terminal device, or scheduling the downlink transmission channel and the downlink sounding channel for the terminal device.
  • Step S303 The network device calculates the intra-frame downlink scheduling week according to the downlink resources scheduled in the frame. Period (including the preamble sequence period, the system information channel period, the control channel period, and the downlink transmission channel period, and may also include one or more of the downlink sounding channel periods), and combined with the uplink scheduling period (possibly including the uplink sounding channel period, uplink)
  • the scheduling request channel period, the uplink transmission channel period, and one of the uplink random access channel periods and the guard interval determine the structure of the current frame; after determining the structure of the current frame, the method may further include the step of: calculating the frame length of the current frame.
  • the calculation of the intra-frame control channel period according to the downlink resources scheduled in the frame is specifically: calculating the control channel period according to the number of downlink scheduling signaling and the packet size of each signaling.
  • the specific implementation for example: summing the size of each signaling packet to obtain a control channel period, or if the signaling packet is a fixed size, multiplying the fixed size of the signaling packet by the number of signaling, and obtaining control Channel period.
  • the downlink transmission channel period in the current frame is calculated according to the downlink resource scheduled in the frame, and specifically: the downlink transmission channel period is calculated by summing the downlink transmission resources scheduled by each terminal device.
  • Step S304 The network device broadcasts the structure of the current frame, and sends downlink scheduling signaling.
  • the structure of the frame may be broadcast through a system information channel, or a system information channel is combined with a control channel, or other channels;
  • Downlink scheduling signaling may be sent over a control channel or other channel.
  • Step S304 may further include the step of: broadcasting the frame length of the current frame.
  • the system information channel is used, or the system information channel is combined with the control channel, or the other channel broadcasts the structure and/or frame length of the frame.
  • Step S304 may further include the following steps: the network device sends downlink service data and/or control signaling, and specifically includes: transmitting downlink service data and/or control signaling by using a downlink transport channel or other channels.
  • the structure of the communication frame is configured and sent to the terminal device associated with the network device.
  • the terminal device After receiving the downlink scheduling signaling sent by the network device, the terminal device checks the system information channel and the control channel, calculates the transmission resource occupied by each terminal device according to the system information and the downlink scheduling signaling, and determines the downlink transmission period and the uplink transmission period. And calculating the frame length of the frame;
  • step s304 not only broadcasts the structure of the current frame but also broadcasts the frame length, the terminal device directly obtains the frame length of the current frame, and no calculation is required.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show Embodiments 3 and 4 of the downlink scheduling and transmission process.
  • the following takes the network device as the CAP and the terminal device as the STA as an example to describe the downlink scheduling and transmission process in detail.
  • Embodiment 3 In the third embodiment, the following describes the downlink scheduling and transmission process in the case that the CAP measures the quality of the downlink channel through the uplink sounding channel, and specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S401 The CAP acquires the downlink scheduling information and the quality of the downlink transmission channel, including: CAP is two STAs that need to be scheduled, that is, STA1 and STA2 schedule two uplink sounding channels, and one uplink transmission channel is scheduled for STA1 that needs to be scheduled, STA1 And the STA2 transmits the sounding signal on the uplink sounding channel, and the CAP measures the quality of the uplink transport channel by using the uplink sounding signal, and obtains the quality of the downlink transport channel corresponding to each STA1 and STA2 based on the uplink and downlink reciprocity of the TDD system;
  • Step S402 The CAP measures the channel state and completes the scheduling algorithm, and includes: the CAP schedules the downlink transmission resource according to the downlink scheduling information and the quality of the downlink transmission channel, and the STA1 and the STA2 share the downlink through the time division multiplexing mode. Transmitting the resource;
  • Step S404 The CAP combines the system information channel, or the system information channel with the control channel, broadcasts the structure of the current frame, and sends downlink scheduling signaling through the control channel, and sends downlink service data and/or control signaling through the downlink transmission channel. See Figure 4 for the frame structure obtained by the above steps.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a CAP for measuring a quality of a downlink transmission channel through an uplink sounding channel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the communication frame is divided into a preamble sequence, a system information channel, a control channel, a downlink transmission channel, a DGI, an uplink sounding channel, an uplink scheduling request channel, an uplink transmission channel, an uplink random access channel, and a U G I.
  • Embodiment 4 the process of downlink transmission of the quality scheduling of the CAP through the uplink feedback channel is specifically described, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S501 The CAP acquires the downlink scheduling information and the quality of the downlink transmission channel, including: the CAP is two STAs that need to be scheduled, that is, STA1 and STA2 schedule two uplink transmission channels (for feedback), and STA1 and STA2 are based on downlink detection or public.
  • the pilot signal measures the state or quality of the downlink sounding channel, and feeds back the state or quality of the channel on the uplink transmission channel scheduled by the CAP, that is, CSI feedback;
  • Step S502 The CAP measures the channel state and completes the scheduling algorithm, including: the CAP schedules the downlink transmission resource for the STA1 and the STA2 according to the downlink scheduling information and the CSI feedback, and the STA1 and the STA2 share the downlink transmission resource by using the time division multiplexing manner;
  • the downlink scheduling period the preamble sequence period, the system information channel period, the control channel period, the downlink transmission channel period, and the downlink sounding channel period
  • the scheduling period (uplink transmission channel period, uplink random access channel period, and uplink scheduling request channel period) and the guard interval determine the structure of the current frame, and calculate the frame length of the current frame; step s504: CAP is in the system information channel, or the system information channel In combination with the control channel, the structure and frame length of the current frame are broadcasted, and downlink scheduling signaling is sent through the control channel, and downlink service data and/or control signaling is sent through the downlink transmission channel. See Figure 5 for the frame structure obtained by the above steps.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a quality scheduling downlink transmission of a CAP through an uplink feedback channel according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the communication frame is divided into a preamble sequence, a system information channel, a control channel, a downlink transmission channel 1, a downlink sounding channel, a downlink transmission channel 2, a DGI, an uplink scheduling request channel, an uplink transmission channel, and uplink random access.
  • Channel and UGI are examples of channels and UGI.
  • the frame N-1 and the frame N need different downlink services, the frame N-1 and the frame N have different frame lengths.
  • the uplink sounding channel is required to obtain the quality of the downlink transport channel considering the TDD uplink and downlink channel reciprocity.
  • the STA measures the downlink sounding channel and feeds back the quality of the channel to the CAP, so that the uplink sounding channel is no longer needed. Which feedback method is used is determined by the CAP scheduler based on the STA capabilities and system settings.
  • the CAP can determine the frame structure and the frame length of the frame according to the requirements of the uplink and downlink transmission channels in each frame and the presence or absence of each auxiliary or control channel, and broadcast the basic system configuration of the frame together with the control channel through system information or system information. information.
  • the uplink and downlink transmission periods can be adaptively changed with the uplink and downlink service requirements, and the system scheduling period can be adaptively adjusted with the time selective fading of the wireless channel.
  • the uplink and downlink transmission channel periods in the frame, the presence or absence of each auxiliary or control channel, or the period are determined by the scheduler according to the service and signaling scheduling requirements.
  • the downlink transmission service of the STA1 in the Nth frame transmits the ACK1 signaling in the uplink transmission of the frame, and the downlink transmission of the STA2 in the Nth frame does not feed back the ACK2 signaling in the uplink transmission of the frame. This may be due to the following reasons: (1) The downlink transmission of STA2 in the Nth frame is fed back in the N+k frame; (2) The downlink service of STA2 does not need to feed back ACK signaling.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a scheduling method applicable to uplink scheduling according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, which describes an uplink scheduling and transmission process, and includes the following four steps:
  • Step s601 The network device acquires uplink scheduling information.
  • the uplink scheduling information includes scheduling requirements of different service flows of each terminal device or each terminal device (for example, service to be scheduled and queue length, quality of service QoS requirements for different services, service priority, and the like);
  • the step S601 may further include: acquiring state information or quality information of an uplink transmission channel of each terminal device to the network device (the network device may also not rely on the channel information scheduling).
  • the frame period determination is performed by the network device side scheduler.
  • the network device can measure the status or quality of the uplink channel through the uplink sounding channel and inform the network device side scheduler.
  • the network device can schedule an uplink sounding channel for the terminal device according to requirements, and can also configure a periodic uplink sounding channel for the terminal device. If the network device is configured with a periodic uplink sounding channel for the terminal device, the network device may schedule the time-frequency resource for the terminal device according to the existing uplink transport channel information.
  • the network device can obtain the uplink scheduling information in the following three manners:
  • the first type obtains the uplink scheduling information by using the request-response mode, where the terminal device initiates the scheduling request, and the network device uses the uplink transmission channel as the terminal.
  • the device allocates resources, and the terminal device feeds back uplink scheduling requirement information in the corresponding resource;
  • the uplink scheduling information is obtained by the polling mode, and the specific information is as follows: The network device periodically polls each terminal device for feedback of the uplink scheduling requirement; and the third type: obtains the uplink scheduling information by using the reporting mode: the terminal device is in the uplink service transmission. Slightly with the remaining upstream scheduling requirements.
  • the terminal device initiates a scheduling request, which has the following two methods:
  • the network device allocates a unique uplink transmission request channel to the terminal device;
  • a contention-based uplink transmission request mechanism that is, the terminal device does not have a designated uplink transmission request channel, and transmits a pop-up request to the network device by competing for the uplink transmission request channel or the random access channel.
  • the frame period is determined by the CAP side scheduler.
  • the CAP can measure the uplink channel status or quality through the uplink detection channel and inform the CAP side scheduler.
  • the CAP can schedule an uplink sounding channel for the STA as needed, and can also configure a periodic uplink sounding channel for the STA. If the CAP is configured with a periodic uplink sounding channel for the STA, the CAP can schedule the time-frequency resource for the STA according to the existing uplink transmission channel information.
  • Step S602 The scheduler of the network device completes the scheduling algorithm, including: the network device allocates uplink transmission resources to all or part of the terminal equipments with service requirements according to the uplink scheduling information, where the scheduling algorithm is, for example, a maximum load ratio scheduling Algorithm, polling scheduling algorithm, proportional fair scheduling algorithm, etc.
  • the scheduling algorithm is, for example, a maximum load ratio scheduling Algorithm, polling scheduling algorithm, proportional fair scheduling algorithm, etc.
  • Each terminal device can share uplink transmission resources by combining time division, frequency division, code division, space division or the above multiplexing manner.
  • the scheduling the uplink transmission resource according to the uplink scheduling information includes: scheduling an uplink transmission channel for the terminal device.
  • Scheduling the uplink transmission resource according to the uplink scheduling information further includes: scheduling uplink detection for the terminal device One or more of the channel, uplink scheduling request channel.
  • Step S603 The network device calculates an uplink scheduling period in the frame according to the uplink resource scheduled in the frame, including one or more of an uplink transmission channel period, an uplink sounding channel period, an uplink scheduling request channel period, and an uplink random access channel period. And determining the structure of the frame in combination with the intra-frame downlink scheduling period (including the preamble sequence period, the system information channel period, the control channel period, and the downlink transmission channel period, and possibly the downlink sounding channel period) and the guard interval;
  • Step S604 The network device broadcasts the structure of the current frame and sends scheduling signaling.
  • the structure of the frame may be broadcast through a system information channel, or a system information channel is combined with a control channel, or other channels;
  • Step S604 may further include the step of: broadcasting the frame length of the current frame.
  • the system information channel is used, or the system information channel is combined with the control channel, or the other channel broadcasts the structure and/or frame length of the frame.
  • the method may further include: Step S605: The terminal device sends the uplink service data and/or the feedback information, and the method includes: sending the uplink service data and/or the feedback information by using the uplink transmission channel.
  • the structure of the communication frame is configured and sent to the terminal device associated with the network device.
  • the terminal device After receiving the uplink scheduling signaling sent by the network device, the terminal device checks the system information channel and the control channel, calculates the transmission resource occupied by each terminal device according to the system information and the uplink scheduling signaling, determines the uplink transmission period, and calculates The frame length of this frame;
  • step s604 not only broadcasts the structure of the current frame but also broadcasts the frame length, the terminal device directly obtains the frame length of the current frame, and no calculation is required.
  • the following takes the network device as the CAP and the terminal device as the STA as an example to describe the uplink scheduling and transmission process in detail.
  • Step S701 The CAP acquires the uplink scheduling information and the uplink transmission channel.
  • the quality includes: triggering a scheduling request by the STA for the exclusive collision-free uplink scheduling request channel allocated by the CAP, and after receiving the scheduling request by the corresponding channel, the CAP may determine which STA initiates the scheduling request; and in the N- 1 frame scheduling the STA to feed back the scheduling information, and scheduling the STA to transmit the uplink sounding signal, so that the CAP can measure the state or quality information of the uplink transport channel; Step s702: The CAP completes the scheduling algorithm, including: obtaining the scheduling information and the state of the uplink transport channel or After the quality information, the CAP schedules the uplink transmission resource for the STA in the Nth frame according to the uplink scheduling information and the quality of the uplink channel.
  • Step S703 The CAP calculates the intra control channel period and the uplink scheduling period according to the uplink scheduling transmission in the frame. Probing channel period, uplink scheduling request channel period, uplink transmission channel Period and an uplink random access channel cycle), and combined with the intra-downlink scheduling period (a preamble sequence period, the system information channel period, determining a control channel structure of the present frame transmission periods and the downlink channel cycle) and a guard interval and the like;
  • Step S704 The CAP combines the system information channel, or the system information channel with the control channel, broadcasts the structure of the current frame, and sends the uplink scheduling signaling by using the control channel.
  • Step S705 The STA sends uplink service data and/or feedback information through an uplink transmission channel. See Figure 7 for the frame structure obtained by the above steps.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an uplink scheduling transmission process when a state/quality information of a CAP unknown uplink channel and a bandwidth requirement are provided according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the communication frame is divided into a preamble sequence channel, a system information channel, a control channel, a downlink transmission channel, a downlink guard interval DGI, an uplink sounding channel, an uplink scheduling request channel, an uplink transmission channel, an uplink random access channel, and an uplink. Protection interval UGI.
  • the uplink scheduling and transmission process in the case that the CAP transmits the slightly scheduled information through the uplink service specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step s801 The CAP obtains uplink scheduling information, which specifically includes: the STA slightly carries uplink scheduling information in the process of transmitting the service in the Nth frame;
  • Step S802 After the uplink scheduling information is learned, the scheduling algorithm is completed, and the CAP directly schedules the STA uplink transmission in the N+1th frame.
  • Step S804 The CAP combines the system information channel or the system information channel with the control channel, broadcasts the structure, structure, and frame length of the current frame, and sends uplink scheduling signaling through the control channel.
  • Step s805 The STA sends uplink service and/or feedback information through the uplink transmission channel. See Figure 8 for the frame structure obtained by the above steps.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an uplink scheduling transmission process when a CAP transmits slightly scheduling information through an uplink service according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the communication frame is divided into a preamble sequence channel, a system information channel, a control channel, a downlink transmission channel, a downlink guard interval DGI, an uplink sounding channel, an uplink scheduling request channel, an uplink transmission channel, an uplink random access channel, and an uplink. Protection interval UGI.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a network device, as shown in FIG. 9, including:
  • the obtaining unit 901 is configured to acquire scheduling information
  • the scheduling unit 902 is connected to the acquiring unit 901, and configured to schedule transmission resources according to the scheduling information.
  • a determining unit 903 configured to be connected to the scheduling unit 902, configured to calculate an uplink scheduling period and a downlink scheduling period according to the transmission resource scheduled in the intraframe; and determine a structure of the frame according to an uplink scheduling period, a downlink scheduling period, and a guard interval;
  • the broadcast unit 904 is connected to the determining unit 903 and configured to broadcast the current frame.
  • the sending unit 905 is connected to the scheduling unit 902 for transmitting downlink scheduling signaling.
  • the scheduling information includes scheduling requirements of each receiving device, or scheduling requirements of different service flows of each receiving device; and the scheduling signaling is used to indicate allocation of transmission resources.
  • the foregoing network device may further have the following features: the acquiring unit 901 is configured to acquire downlink scheduling information;
  • the scheduling unit 902 is configured to schedule downlink transmission resources according to the downlink scheduling information.
  • the determining unit 903 is configured to calculate a downlink scheduling period according to the downlink transmission resource scheduled in the intra frame.
  • the foregoing network device may also have the following features:
  • the scheduling unit 902 is configured to schedule a downlink transport channel according to the downlink scheduling information. Further, the foregoing network device may also have the following features:
  • the first computing unit 906 is further connected to the scheduling unit 902, where the scheduling unit 902 is configured to schedule an uplink sounding channel for the STA to send an uplink sounding signal according to the downlink scheduling information; and combine the downlink transport channel. Quality information and/or status information to schedule downlink transmission resources;
  • the first calculating unit 906 is configured to calculate the quality and/or state of the uplink transmission channel by measuring the sounding signal of the uplink sounding channel, and determine the quality and/or state of the downlink transmission channel based on the upper and lower reciprocity of the system.
  • the foregoing network device may also have the following features:
  • the scheduling unit 902 is configured to: according to the downlink scheduling information, schedule a downlink sounding channel used by the CAP to send a downlink sounding signal; and schedule a quality and/or state for the STA to feed back the downlink transport channel measured according to the downlink sounding signal. Uplink transmission channel; and scheduling downlink transmission resources in combination with quality and/or state of downlink transmission channel acquired through feedback.
  • the foregoing network device may further have the following features: the acquiring unit 901 is configured to acquire uplink scheduling information;
  • the scheduling unit 902 is configured to schedule an uplink transmission resource according to the uplink scheduling information
  • the determining unit 903 is configured to calculate an uplink scheduling period according to the uplink transmission resource scheduled in the intra frame.
  • the foregoing network device may also have the following features:
  • the scheduling unit 902 is configured to schedule an uplink transport channel according to the uplink scheduling information. Further, the foregoing network device may also have the following features:
  • the second computing unit 907 is further configured to be connected to the scheduling unit 902, where: the scheduling unit 902 is configured to schedule, according to the uplink scheduling information, an uplink sounding channel used by the STA to send an uplink sounding signal; Scheduling uplink transmission resources by quality information and/or status information of the transmission channel;
  • the second calculating unit 907 is configured to measure the quality and/or state of the uplink transmission channel by measuring the sounding signal of the uplink sounding channel. Further, the foregoing network device may also have the following features:
  • the scheduling unit 902 is configured to: according to the uplink scheduling information, schedule a downlink sounding channel used by the CAP to send a downlink sounding signal; and schedule the STA to feed back the quality and/or state of the downlink transport channel measured according to the downlink sounding signal.
  • the uplink transmission channel and after obtaining the quality and/or state of the downlink transmission channel by feedback, determining the quality and/or state of the uplink transmission channel based on the upper and lower reciprocity of the system, combining the quality of the uplink transmission channel and/or Or state, scheduling uplink transmission resources.
  • the scheduling unit 902 is configured to schedule a system information channel and a control channel;
  • the broadcast unit 904 is configured to broadcast the structure of the current frame by using a system information channel; or, jointly broadcast the structure of the current frame by using the system information channel and the control channel;
  • the sending unit 905 is configured to send the scheduling signaling by using a control channel.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, as shown in FIG. 10, including:
  • the receiving unit 1001 is configured to receive structural information and scheduling signaling of the current frame.
  • the determining unit 1002 is connected to the receiving unit 1001, configured to determine the structure of the current frame according to the structural information of the current frame, and determine the allocation of the resource according to the scheduling signaling.
  • the foregoing terminal device may further have the following features:
  • the processing unit 1003 is connected to the determining unit 1002, and is configured to parse the current frame according to the structure and resource allocation of the current frame, and perform data transmission and reception processing on the corresponding channel.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a system frame structure of an uplink and downlink scheduling transmission process provided by an application example.
  • the frame is divided into a preamble sequence, a system information channel, a control channel, a downlink service transmission channel, a downlink guard interval DGI, an uplink sounding channel, an uplink scheduling request channel, an uplink traffic transmission channel, an uplink random access channel, and an uplink. Protection interval UGI.
  • the preamble sequence specifically includes a short preamble and a long preamble.
  • a CAP is associated with 4 STAs: STA0, STA1, STA2, and STA3.
  • STAO performs uplink and downlink service transmission, but there are still packet queuing in the downlink transmission queue of each service of STA0, waiting to be scheduled.
  • STA0 is slightly up after the end of N-1 frame.
  • the STA0 service uplink queue waits for the number of scheduled packets.
  • the STA schedules STA0 to feed back the quality of the downlink channel through the uplink transmission channel in the N-1th frame; to ensure efficient uplink scheduling of the Nth frame, the CAP schedules STA0 in the Nth frame to be in the uplink sounding channel.
  • the uplink detection signal is transmitted on the 1 to facilitate the CAP to measure the quality of the uplink channel.
  • STA1 has a new downlink service arriving, waiting to be scheduled.
  • STA2 completes the random access procedure in the N-1 frame, waits to be scheduled, and reports the transmission capability and device configuration of STA2 to the CAP.
  • STA3 successfully initiates an uplink scheduling request on the N-1 frame uplink scheduling request channel.
  • the CAP schedules downlink 384 OFDM symbols for downlink service transmission for STA0 according to the STA0 downlink transmission queue information and the quality of the downlink transmission channel fed back in the N-1 frame. Since only STA0 has service transmission, the downlink transmission channel in this frame is allocated 384 OFDM symbols, and the OFDM symbols numbered 1 to 384 are transmitted by the CAP to STA0.
  • the CAP sends a downlink sounding signal, and schedules STA1 to feed back the state information of the channel in the uplink transmission process. Therefore, the intra-frame downlink sounding channel is set to 1 OFDM symbol.
  • the CAP schedules the uplink 128 OFDM symbols for the uplink service transmission for the STA0 according to the uplink transmission queue information fed back by the STA0 and the quality of the uplink transmission channel measured by the CAP according to the uplink sounding channel 1.
  • the CAP allocates 16 OFDM symbols for STA2 to report STA2 transmission capability and device configuration.
  • the CAP allocates 16 OFDM symbols to STA3 and reports the uplink scheduling channel.
  • Both STA2 and STA3 are feedback transmissions, and the determined modulation and coding format is used.
  • the CAP does not need to consider the quality of the uplink transmission channel as its assigned transmission format.
  • the CAP estimates that STA0 still has uplink traffic waiting for transmission, so the scheduling STA0 still transmits the uplink sounding channel through the uplink sounding channel 1.
  • the CAP scheduling STA3 transmits an uplink sounding channel on the uplink sounding channel 2, which facilitates scheduling STA3 uplink transmission in the N+1 frame.
  • the CAP allocates the quality of the 64 OFDM symbol feedback uplink channels to STA1.
  • the CAP calculates the control channel requirements: downlink scheduling transmission, and feedback ACK/NACK signaling for N-1 frame STA0 uplink transmission, which requires 2 control subchannels; uplink scheduling transmission requires 6 control subchannels for STA0, STA1, STA2 and STA3 uplink transmission channel scheduling, and STA0 and STA3 uplink sounding channel assignment.
  • this frame requires 6 OFDM symbols for control channel transmission.
  • the Nth frame configuration information is as follows: 6 OFDM symbols are used for control channel transmission, 384 OFDM symbols are used for downlink traffic transmission, and 1 OFDM symbol is used for downlink sounding channel transmission (downlink sounding channel position is fixed) 2 OFDM symbols are used for uplink sounding channel transmission, 2 OFDM symbols are used for uplink scheduling request channel, and 224 OFDM symbols are used.
  • 1 OFDM symbol is used for the uplink random access channel.
  • one OFDM symbol is used for the uplink guard interval DGI, and uplink to downlink guard interval UGI each OFDM symbol.
  • the STA0, STA 1, STA 2, and STA 3 can obtain the control channel period by 6 OFDM symbols, the downlink transmission channel period by 384 OFDM symbols, and the DGI period by receiving the broadcast information of the system information channel.
  • the method, the system and the device of the present invention can dynamically adapt to the future rich and diverse data.
  • the system can provide very small resource granularity, which can not only adapt to the large service rate change of different terminals, but also better adapt to the dynamic changes of the wireless channel. 4
  • the system can weigh the business requirements and channel characteristics, dynamically divide the uplink and downlink resources, and dynamically allocate radio resources for different terminals under the condition of link adaptation.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种调度方法、网络设备和终端设备，该方法包括：获取调度信息；根据所述调度信息调度传输资源；根据本帧内调度的传输资源计算上行调度周期和下行调度周期；根据上行调度周期、下行调度周期和保护间隔确定本帧的结构；广播本帧的结构，并发送调度信令。通过本发明，针对未来丰富多样的数据业务考虑其不同的业务特征和需求，设计同时满足链路自适应与业务需求自适应的动态资源配置可变的帧结构。同时，该帧结构的动态配置，可满足不同处理能力的设备对处理时间的需求。

Description

一种调度方法、 网络设备和终端设备
本申请要求申请日为 2011年 3月 25 日， 申请号为 201110074598.5， 发 明名称为无线通信***中解调导频的调整方法及***的在先申请的优先权， 以及申请日为 2011年 3月 31 日， 申请号为 201110080637.2， 发明名称为一 种调度方法、 无线通信***与设备的在先申请的优先权， 以及申请日为 2011 年 5月 19 日， 申请号为 201110130194.3，发明名称为一种通信***的在先申 请的优先权， 以及申请日为 2012年 2月 16 日， 申请号为 201210035784.2， 发明名称为一种调度方法、 网络设备和终端设备的在先申请的优先权， 所述 在先申请的全部内容均已在本申请中体现。
技术领域 本发明属于无线通信领 i或， 尤其涉及一种无线通信领 i或， 尤其涉及一种 调度方法、 网络设备和终端设备。
背景技术
近年来，应用于中短通信距离的无线通信***有基于 802.11标准的无线 局域网 WiFi技术、 基于 802.15的蓝牙 Bluetooth***以及由移动通信*** ^"生而来的面向室内应用的 Femto技术等等。
基于 802.11 的 WiFi技术是当今使用最广的一种无线网络传输技术。 主 要应用于无线局 i或网环境， 应用场景以室内居多， 也可应用于室外环境。 802.11 ***由最初的基于 CDMA传输机制的 802.11 b演进为基于 OFDM技 术的 802.11 a 和 802.11 g。 在最新的 802.11 η 版本中， 又通过引入多天线
( ΜΙΜΟ ) 技术使得 802.11 η物理层峰值速率可达 600Mbps。 在 MAC层， 802.11***一直延续着以随机多址为基础的载波侦听 /冲突避免（ CSMA/CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance )协议。 该协议釆用
"竟争" 机制， 接入点 CAP和各终端或 STA通过竟争获取开放的空中接口 使用权。 一旦竟争成功， 在其传输周期内， 空中接口将被竟争成功的 CAP 独享。 由于釆用竟争机制， 接入网络不需要集中控制节点。 无论是 CAP 还 是 STA在竟争空口资源上都是平等的。 WiFi ***效率较低， 对无线资源浪 费较大。 导致这一问题的根本原因是 CSMA/CA机制是一种基于竟争的随机 多址接入机制， 接入点 （CAP, Access Point ) 和站点 （ STA， Station ), 或 者不同 STA之间，会通过 CSMA/CA机制竟争无线资源的使用权， 同时竟争 无线信道， 此时就发生碰撞， 导致无线资源的浪费。 为了避免碰撞， 具有 CSMA/CA机制要求 CAP或 STA在竟争无线信道时需要随机退避， 在所有 CAP和 STA都退避时， 无线信道虽有空闲， 但并未被使用， 这也是对无线 信道的极大浪费。 由于上述原因， 802.11 ***效率较低。 例如： 802.11 g系 统物理层峰值速率可达 54Mbps， 但 TCP层在大数据包下载业务下 （例如： FTP Download )可达速率不高于 30Mbps (在小数据包业务下， 由于开销比 例增加， 可达峰值速率更 4氐）。 虽然存在上述缺点， 但 802.11 ***灵活， 不 依赖集中控制机制， 因此也能够实现较低的设备成本。
基于 3GPP标准的 Femto技术是从移动通信***演进而来的一种面向 室内覆盖的新技术。 基于对 3G***的数据统计， 大约 70%的数据业务都发 生在室内， 因此室内高速率数据接入方案就尤为重要。 Femto基站， 称为微 啟基站， 体积小巧（与 Wi-Fi近似）， 部署灵活。 由于从移动通信***演进而 来， Femto基站几乎继承了移动通信***的所有特点。 Femto设备只是结合 其有限的覆盖范围，较少的接入用户等应用场景特征，将设备处理能力降低， 进而降低设备成本。 从双工方式考虑， 与移动通信***相同， Femto基站可 分为 FDD与 TDD两类双工机制。 FDD上下行载波资源对称， 而数据业务上 下行数据流量非对称的业务特征使得 FDD ***面对数据业务时存在一定的 资源浪费。 TDD***上下行链路工作在同一载波上， 通过划分时间资源为上 下行链路分配不同的无线资源， 因此较 FDD 能够更好的适配上下行业务需 求非对称的数据业务。 然而， 移动通信*** （包括 Femto***） 的 TDD双 工方式， 上下行资源静态分配， 面对需求不同的各类数据业务， 例如： 浏览 网页， 移动视频， 移动游戏， M2M ( machine-to-machine ) , 难以实现业 务需求与资源划分的动态适配。 与 Wi-Fi相比， 由于 Femto釆用了基于调度 的集中控制机制， 基站或 CAP 和终端或者终端之间不存在由于竟争冲突和 随机退避导致的无线资源浪费， 因此链路效率较高。 Femto技术， 其多址接 入机制通过时间、 频率、 码字为不同的 STA分配相互正交的接入资源， 这与 面向竟争的 CSMA/CA随机多址接入有着本质不同。 Femto技术需要集中控 制节点为 STA分配相互正交的无线资源， 不同 STA可通过时间、 频率、 码 字甚至空间复用空口资源， 同时传输。 在物理层技术上， 基于 3G ***的 Femto技术釆用 CDMA传输机制， 面向 LTE或 WiMAX***的 Femto技术 则釆用 OFDM传输机制。 由于 OFDM技术是未来宽带无线通信***的主流 技术， 本发明中提到的 Femto技术均指 LTE或 WiMAX Femto。 由于 TDD 技术较 FDD 技术能够更好的适应移动互联网上下行非对称业务， 因此本发 明中提到的 Femto主要指 TDD Femto技术。
虽然 Femto ***也通过调度为上下行通信， 为不同的终端分配无线资 源， 但其静态配置的帧结构不能为上下行灵活分配无线资源， 不能够以较小 的颗粒度自适应业务变化， 当业务与资源配置失衡时或者会造成长时排队， 用户体验降低， 或者会造成信道容量浪费。
面向未来各类宽带、 窄带数据业务， 无论是基于 802.11 技术的 Wi-Fi ***， 还是由移动通信***衍生而来的 Femto技术均有一些缺点。
( 1 ) Wi-Fi技术缺点
802.11 η 技术虽然通过 MIMO-OFDM 技术使其物理层峰值速率可达 600Mbps, 但由于 MAC层釆用的基于 CSMA/CA的随机多址接入机制使其 TCP呑吐量大打折扣。 CSMA/CA是一种面向竟争的多址接入机制， ***中 不可避免的会存在竟争冲突。 若两个或多个终端， 或者终端与 CAP 之间同 时竟争空中接口， 任何一方均不会竟争成功， 这就是竟争冲突。 显然， 竟争 冲突无疑是对空口资源的一种浪费。 一旦竟争冲突， 为了避免再次冲突， 竟 争各方均会发起随机退避。 在退避过程中， 会存在多个竟争节点均在等待的 情况。 此时， 虽然有业务等待传输， 但空口资源却未被合理使用， 这也会造 成极大的空口资源浪费。竟争冲突与随机退避是造成 802.11 ***效率不高的 重要因素。 更为重要的是， 随终端数量的增加， 冲突概率指数增加， ***性 能将更为恶化。
( 2 ) TDD LTE Femto技术缺点 虽然 TDD LTE Femto***上下行无线资源由帧结构格式静态配置， 以 调度周期 1 ms为最小配置单位。 面对种类丰富的各类数据业务， 其上下行业 务非对称特性并不一致， 而这种静态配置的帧格式不能自适应各类数据业务 的需求。 当业务特征发生变化时， 初始配置的上下行资源就会存在一定的冗 余或紧缺， 这不仅会造成无线资源的浪费， 同时也会增加业务延迟。 虽然也 通过调度为上下行通信， 为不同的终端分配无线资源， 但其静态配置的帧结 构不能为上下行灵活分配无线资源，不能够以较小的颗粒度自适应业务变化， 当业务与资源配置失衡时或者会造成长时排队， 用户体验降低， 或者会造成 信道容量浪费。
发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种调度方法、 网络设备 和终端设备，从而实现不仅能够基于业务需求动态划分上下行无线传输资源， 还能够较好的动态适配未来种类丰富且特征各异的数据业务需求。 为了对披 露的实施例的一些方面有一个基本的理解， 下面给出了筒单的概括。 该概括 部分不是泛泛评述， 也不是要确定关键 /重要组成元素或描绘这些实施例的 保护范围。 其唯一目的是用筒单的形式呈现一些概念， 以此作为后面的详细 说明的序言。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供了一种调度方法， 包括： 获取调度信息；
根据所述调度信息调度传输资源；
根据本帧内调度的传输资源计算上行调度周期和下行调度周期； 根据上行调度周期、 下行调度周期和保护间隔确定本帧的结构； 广播本帧的结构， 并发送调度信令。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明还提供了一种网络设备， 包括： 获取单元， 用于获取调度信息； 调度单元， 用于根据所述调度信息调度传输资源;
确定单元， 用于根据本帧内调度的传输资源计算上行调度周期和下行调 度周期； 以及根据上行调度周期、下行调度周期和保护间隔确定本帧的结构； 广播单元， 用于广播本帧的结构； 发送单元， 用于发送下行调度信令。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明还提供了一种终端设备， 包括： 接收单元， 用于接收本帧的结构信息和调度信令；
确定单元， 用于根据本帧的结构信息确定本帧的结构， 以及根据调度信 令确定资源的分配。
釆用本发明所提出的方案， 将可以实现以下功能：
1、 通过基站或 CAP集中调度与其关联的终端或 STA， 为不同的终端或
STA分配无线资源， 避免了竟争机制带来的无线资源浪费。
2、 可实现动态的 TDD帧长配置， 灵活的上下行的资源比例配置， 提高 了***各类控制信息效率， 基于业务需求动态划分上下行无线资源， 能够较 好的动态适配未来种类丰富且特征各异的数据业务上下行传输需求， 没有固 定的帧长或帧周期约束， 帧结构灵活可变。
3、 能够以较小的颗粒度为用户和上下行通信分配无线资源， 资源分配 能够较好的自适应业务变化， 为不同用户和上下行通信分配的无线资源能够 较好的适配业务需求与信道传输条件。
4、 不仅能够适配不同终端的较大的业务速率需求变化， 而且也能够较 好的适配无线信道的动态变化。 本发明能够更好的适配各种数据业务需求的 动态变化， 将信道容量与业务需求动态匹配， 可获得更好的***效率。 能够 权衡业务需求与信道特征， 动态划分上下行链路资源， 在考虑链路自适应的 条件下， 为不同终端动态分配无线资源。
5、 除上述特征外， 本发明还考虑到信道的状态信息延迟， 不同等级设 备对处理时间的需求等。 上述考虑都能够提高***效率和性能。
6、 可实现本帧反馈， 减少 MU-MIMO的反馈延迟。
7、 可实现本帧调度， 减少了业务的调度延迟。
8、 帧结构灵活可变， 可自适应各类数据业务上下行传输需求， 没有固 定的帧长或帧周期约束。 同时， 本***允许上下行调度传输周期自适应上下 行业务需求变化， 能够将业务需求与上下行信道容量相互适配， 可获得较高 的资源利用率。
9、 调度周期可自适应无线信道时间选择性衰落的变化， 避免不必要的 频繁调度导致的控制开销； 本***允许帧长可动态调整以自适应无线信道时 间选择性衰落， 可将***调度周期与无线信道相互匹配， 进而减小频繁调度 带来的控制开销。 具有较高的呑吐量和无线资源利用率。
为了上述以及相关的目的， 一个或多个实施例包括后面将详细说明并在 权利要求中特别指出的特征。下面的说明以及附图评细说明某些示例性方面， 并且其指示的仅仅是各个实施例的原则可以利用的各种方式中的一些方式。 其它的益处和新颖性特征将随着下面的详细说明结合附图考虑而变得明显， 所公开的实施例是要包括所有这些方面以及它们的等同。 附图说明 图 1是本发明提供的调度方法的流程示意图；
图 2是本发明实施例一提供的一种帧结构的示意图；
图 3 是本发明实施例二提供的适用于下行调度的调度方法的流程示意 图；
图 4是本发明实施例三提供的 CAP通过上行探测信道测量下行传输信 道的质量的帧结构的示意图； 图 5是本发明实施例四提供的 CAP通过上行反馈信道的质量调度下行 传输的帧结构的示意图；
图 6 是本发明实施例五提供的适用于上行调度的调度方法的流程示意 图；
图 7是本发明实施例六提供的 CAP未知上行信道的状态 /质量信息和带 宽需求时的上行调度传输过程的帧结构的示意图； 图 8是本发明实施例七提供的 CAP通过上行业务传输稍带调度信息时 的上行调度传输过程的帧结构的示意图； 图 9是本发明实施例八提供的一种网络设备的装置方框图； 图 10是本发明实施例九提供的一种终端设备的装置方框图； 图 11是本发明应用实例提供的上下行调度传输过程的帧结构的示意图。 具体实施方式
以下描述和附图充分地示出本发明的具体实施方案， 以使本领域的技术 人员能够实践它们。 其他实施方案可以包括结构的、 逻辑的、 电气的、 过程 的以及其他的改变。 实施例仅代表可能的变化。 除非明确要求， 否则单独的 组件和功能是可选的， 并且操作的顺序可以变化。 一些实施方案的部分和特 征可以被包括在或替换其他实施方案的部分和特征。 本发明的实施方案的范 围包括权利要求书的整个范围， 以及权利要求书的所有可获得的等同物。 在 本文中， 本发明的这些实施方案可以被单独地或总地用术语 "发明" 来表示， 这仅仅是为了方便， 并且如果事实上公开了超过一个的发明， 不是要自动地 限制该应用的范围为任何单个发明或发明构思。 本发明提出了一种调度方法， 如图 1所示， 包括：
步骤 S 101： 获取调度信息；
步骤 S102: 根据该调度信息调度传输资源； 所述调度信息包括各接收设备的调度需求， 或， 各接收设备的不同业务 流的调度需求； 步骤 S103: 根据本帧内调度的传输资源计算上行调度周期和下行调度 周期；
步骤 S104: 根据上行调度周期、 下行调度周期和保护间隔确定本帧的 结构；
步骤 S105: 广播本帧的结构， 并发送调度信令。 所述调度信令用于指示传输资源的分配。
其中， 为计算出下行调度周期， 包括： 获取下行调度信息； 根据所述下 行调度信息调度下行传输资源； 根据本帧内调度的下行传输资源计算下行调 度周期。
其中， 根据所述下行调度信息调度下行传输资源可以包括： 根据所述下 行调度信息调度下行传输信道。 所述下行传输信道用于传输下行的业务、 信 令和反馈信息中的一种或者多种。
较佳地，可结合下行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息调度下行传输资 源， 因此， 本发明设计： 方式一：根据所述下行调度信息调度用于 STA发送上行探测信号的上行 探测信道； 通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号， 计算出上行传输信道的质量 和 /或状态， 基于***的上下互易性， 确定下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态； 结合所述下行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息调度下行传输资源。
方式二： 根据所述下行调度信息， 调度用于 CAP 发送下行探测信号的 下行探测信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算出的下行传输 信道的质量和 /或状态的上行传输信道； 结合反馈获取到的下行传输信道的质 量和 /或状态， 调度下行传输资源。
其中， 为计算出上行调度周期， 包括： 获取上行调度信息； 根据所述上 行调度信息调度上行传输资源； 根据本帧内调度的上行传输资源计算上行调 度周期。
其中， 根据所述上行调度信息调度上行传输资源可以包括： 根据所述上 行调度信息调度上行传输信道。 所述上行传输信道用于传输上行的业务、 信 令和反馈信息中的一种或者多种。
较佳地，可结合上行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息调度上行传输资 源， 因此， 本发明设计： 方式一：根据所述上行调度信息调度用于 STA发送上行探测信号的上行 探测信道； 通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号， 计算出上行传输信道的质量 和 /或状态； 结合所述上行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息调度上行传输 资源。
方式二： 根据所述上行调度信息， 调度用于 CAP 发送下行探测信号的 下行探测信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算出的下行传输 信道的质量和 /或状态的上行传输信道； 通过反馈获取到下行传输信道的质量 和 /或状态， 基于***的上下互易性， 确定上行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 结合所述上行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 调度上行传输资源。 其中， 还调度***信息信道和控制信道：
通过***信息信道广播本帧的结构； 或者， 通过***信息信道和控制信 道共同广播本帧的结构；
通过控制信道发送所述调度信令。
该方法还可能包括广播本帧的帧长。 通过***信息信道， 或者， ***信 息信道和控制信道， 或者其他信道广播本帧的结构和 /或帧长。 釆用本发明的 方法不存在竟争冲突或者随机退避导致的无线资源浪费。 与传统移动通信系 统 （包括： LTE、 WiMax等下一代移动通信***） 不同， 该***能够基于业 务需求动态划分上下行无线资源， 能够较好的动态适配未来种类丰富且特征 各异的数据业务需求。
通过上述方法， 我们可以得到要传输的通信帧。 本发明中的传输的通信帧是以 TDD 双工方式 （在某一固定载波上， 基 站或 CAP与终端或 STA通过收发转换分时完成接收与发射） 为基础， 每个 TDD 帧 （Frame ) 包括下行 （ DL， Downlink, 从基站到终端或从 CAP 到 STA方向 )传输与上行 ( UL, Uplink, 从终端到基站或从 STA到 CAP方向 ) 传输两个部分， 但下行传输与上行传输周期可动态配置， 进而每个 TDD 帧 周期也可动态变化。
下面以图 2为例， 具体描述本发明动态配置通信帧的结构。
实施例一
图 2为实施例一提供的一种帧结构的示意图。 如图 2所示， 横坐标表示 时间， 纵坐标表示频率。 每个帧包括下行子帧和上行子帧， 将下行子帧和上 行子帧按照功能划分不同的信道， 并且各信道按照功能划分不同的字段。 下行子帧至少划分为前导序列、 ***信息信道和控制信道， 下行子帧和 上行子帧之间具有下行保护间隔 DGI 和上行保护间隔 UGI， 下行保护间隔
DGI为下行至上行收发保护间隔；上行保护间隔 UGI为上行至下行收发保护 间隔， DGI与 UGI配置由***信息信道的周期性广播消息指示。 每帧起始位置为 Preamble前导序列， 前导序列可以划分为短前导序列 和长前导序列。 其中， 短前导序列主要用于***粗同步， 还用于帧检测、 自 动增益控制、 粗频率同步或粗符号同步， 长前导序列主要用于***精同步及 信道估计， 还用于精频率同步、 精符号同步等。 ***信息信道， 不仅能够广基本***配置， 例如频带配置、 天线配置和 帧编号等， 还能够广播本帧的帧结构配置， 例如： 各信道或者部分信道的配 置或周期， 结构和 /或帧长，具体例如： 通过***信息信道指示控制信道周期、 下行传输信道周期、 上行传输信道周期、 辅助信道（下行探测信道、 上行探 测信道、 上行调度请求信道、 上行随机接入信道） 的配置以及保护间隔的配 置等。 通过检测帧结构配置， 与网络设备关联的所有终端设备均可获得本帧 的结构， 或， 获得本帧的结构和帧长。
控制信道承载指示上下行调度传输的信令信息， 指示下行与上行传输信 道资源分配和传输格式。
下行子帧还可能包括下行传输信道， 用于网络设备向终端设备传输下行 业务数据和 /或控制信令。 在下行传输信道进行下行业务调度传输和 /或下行 信令调度传输。
下行子帧还可能包括下行探测信道，下行探测信道用于下行信道的质量 / 状态测量与估计。 上行子帧可能包括上行传输信道， 用于终端设备向网络设备传输上行数 据业务和 /或反馈信息。 在上行传输信道进行上行业务调度传输和 /或上行反 馈调度传输。
上行子帧还可能包括上行探测信道、 上行调度请求信道和上行随机接入 信道以上几种辅助信道中的一个或多个； 其中，
上行探测信道用于上行信道的质量 /状态测量与估计； 上行调度请求信道用于终端设备触发上行调度请求或上行快速反馈； 上行随机接入信道用于终端设备初始接入， 或终端设备调度请求。 图 2仅仅列举了其中一种包括所有辅助信道的帧结构的举例， 在实际情 况中依据***应用场景或方案的不同， 某些辅助信道 （下行探测信道、 上行 探测信道、 上行调度请求信道或上行随机接入信道） 也可不予考虑。
如图 2所示， 辅助信道与上行传输信道釆用了时分复用的传输方式。 依 据场景要求， 也可实现辅助信道与上下行传输信道频分或码分复用或时分、 频分或码分的组合复用。 ***信息信道与控制信道釆用时分复用方式， 也可实现***信息信道与 控制信道频分、 码分或者时分、 频分或码分的组合复用， 而具体的资源分配 由控制信道予以指示。
下行探测信道可以位于下行传输信道的两端或中间。 如图 2中， 仅列举 了下行探测信道在下行传输信道后面的情况， 也可以在下行传输信道前面或 中间， 在下行多入多出 （MU-MIMO, Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put，）传输 方案中，由于下行 MU-MIMO***性能不仅对下行信道的状态信息延迟敏感， 而且多用户 MIMO会涉及较大的信号处理复杂度。 综合考虑信道的状态信息 延迟， 以及不同应用场景下可能不同的硬件处理复杂度， 下行探测信道位于 下行传输信道的中间更为合理。 下行探测信道在下行传输信道的具***置由 ***信息信道的周期性广播消息指示。 如果下行探测信道位置固定， 可用在 ***信息信道中用 1 bit指示下行探测信道有无。 如果***中存在不同处理能 力的终端设备， 下行探测信道位置可变。 此时， 在***信息信道中不仅需要 指示下行探测信道的有无、 周期和位置， 还需要指两个下行传输信道周期。 两个下行传输信道周期指示可釆用如下三种方法：
分别指示下行传输信道一和下行传输信道二的周期； 分别指示下行传输信道总周期和下行传输信道一的周期；
分别指示下行传输信道总周期和下行传输信道二的周期。 通过上述动态或半静态设置下行探测信道位置， 为不同处理能力的设备 提供足够的处理时间。 具体地， 在帧结构中， 可以通过在***信息信道中用 bit位指示帧结构， 即指示各信道的有无和周期。 举例如下： 在***信息信道中，用 6bit指示控制信道周期，最大 63个 OFDM符号， 资源最小分配单位： 1 个 OFDM符号； 用 9bits指示下行传输信道周期， 最 大 512个 OFDM符号 （包括专用解调导频；)； 用 9bits指示上行传输信道周 期， 最大 512个 OFDM符号 （包括专用解调导频）； 用 1 bit指示保护间隔 DGI , 共 1 个 OFDM符号； 用 2bits指示探测信道配置， 分别指示 0、 1、 2、 4个 OFDM符号； 用 2bits指示上行调度请求信道配置， 分别指示 1、 2、 3、 4个 OFDM符号； 用 1 bit指示上行随机接入信道配置， 分别指示有或者无两 种情况；若有，仅 1 个 OFDM符号；用 1 bit指示保护间隔 UGI，共 1 个 OFDM 符号。
控制信道指示下行传输信道或上行传输信道资源分配的方法举例如下： 在控制信道， 分别用 Nbit指示某个 STA在下行传输信道的起始位置， 再用 Nbit指示该 STA在该位置后连续多少个 bit是为其分配的资源。 例如： N=9， 控制信道对 STA指示起始位置， 000010000， 转换为十进制数是 16， 表示该 STA起始位置是第 16个 OFDM符号。 资源长度为 000100000， 转 换为十进制数是 32， 表示该符号后（包括该符号）， 连续 32个符号都分配给 该 STA。 在控制信道， 分别用 Mbit指示某个 STA在上行传输信道的起始位 置， 再用 Mbit指示该 STA在该位置后连续多少个 bit是为其分配的资源。 或者可以通过***信息信道与控制信道共同指示帧结构和 /或帧长，举例 如下： 在***信息信道中， 用 6bits指示控制信道周期， 最大 63个 OFDM符 号， 或者同时也指示帧长； 在控制信道中， 用 9bits指示下行传输信道周期， 用 9bits指示上行传输信道周期， 用 1 bit指示下行保护间隔 DGI， 用 2bits指 示上行探测信道配置， 用 2bits指示上行调度请求信道配置， 用 1 bits指示上 行随机接入信道配置， 用 1 bit指示上行保护间隔 UGI。
与该网络设备或关联的所有终端设备接收到网络设备发送的通信帧后， 能够通过如下两种方法准确判断每个 TDD 帧周期以及该帧内上行传输周期 和下行传输周期。
第一种方法： 通过***信息信道指示帧结构； 或者通过***信息信道指 示帧结构和帧长。
由***信息信道通过***信息广播该 TDD 帧各部分信道周期配置。 例 如： 如图 2所示， ***信息信道不仅能够广播网络设备的频带配置、 天线配 置、 帧编号等基本***信息， 还能够广播本帧内各子信道或者部分子信道的 周期或有无， 如控制信道周期、 上下行传输信道周期、 辅助信道的有无及周 期。
通过***信息信道指示本帧的结构的情况下， 由于***信息信道指示了 控制信道传输周期和部分辅助信道传输的有无或周期， 因此， 与网络设备关 联的所有终端设备， 当收到网络设备发送的每个通信帧后， 首先检测该通信 帧的***信息信道， 确定控制信道传输周期、 上下行传输信道传输周期和其 它辅助信道有无和传输周期， 并将各信道周期进行求和， 计算获得各终端设 备占用的传输资源， 并最终确定本帧的结构及帧长。 而通过***信息信道指示本帧的结构和帧长的情况下， 与网络设备关联 的所有终端设备当收到网络设备发送的每个通信帧后， 首先检测该通信帧的 ***信息信道， 确定控制信道周期、 下行传输信道传输周期、 上行传输信道 传输周期和其它辅助信道有无和传输周期， 并且直接获得本帧的帧长。
第二种方法： 通过***信息信道和控制信道联合指示帧结构； 或者通过 ***信息信道和控制信道联合指示帧结构和帧长。
通过***信息信道和控制信道联合指示帧结构的情况下， 与网络设备关 联的所有终端设备， 当收到网络设备发送的每个通信帧后， 首先检测该通信 帧的***信息信道， 确定控制信道传输周期或有无和其它辅助信道传输周期 或有无。 在每帧的控制信道上， 确定网络设备分别为本帧内需要调度的每个 终端设备调度上下行传输信道资源及各辅助信道 （例如： 下行探测信道、 上 行探测信道、 上行调度请求信道、 上行随机接入信道） 资源。 综合***信息 信道和控制信道中传输的信息， 将各信道周期进行求和， 计算获得各终端设 备占用的传输资源， 并最终确定本帧的结构， 计算本帧的帧长； 通过***信息信道和控制信道联合指示帧结构和帧长的情况下， 与网络 设备关联的所有终端设备当收到网络设备发送的每个通信帧后， 首先检测该 通信帧的***信息信道， 确定控制信道传输周期或有无和其它辅助信道传输 周期或有无， 并且直接获得本帧的帧长。 在每帧的控制信道上， 确定网络设 备分别为本帧内需要调度的每个终端设备调度上下行传输信道资源及各辅助 信道资源。
各与网络设备关联的终端设备接收所述调度信令， 根据所述传输资源确 定传输周期并计算本帧的帧长， 或者获得本帧的帧长并根据所述传输资源确 定传输周期， 具体包括： 各与网络设备关联的终端设备接收到帧结构信息和 调度信令后， 据以检测******信息信道和控制信道， 综合***信息信道中 传输的***信息和控制信道中传送的调度信令， 计算获得各用户占用的传输 资源， 并最终确定下行传输信道周期、 上行传输信道周期， 通过对前导序列 周期、 ***信息信道周期、 控制信道周期、 下行传输信道周期、 下行探测信 道周期、 DGI周期、 上行探测信道周期、 上行调度请求信道周期、 上行传输 信道周期、 上行随机接入信道周期和 UGI周期进行求和计算， 得到本帧的帧 长， 或者如果网络设备发送通信帧的时候广播了本帧的帧长， 则终端设备直 接获得本帧的帧长， 不需要计算。
本发明中提到的网络设备不仅仅局限于 CAP,也可能是基站等其他网络 设备， 终端设备也不仅仅局限于 STA， 也可能是终端等其他终端设备。
下面分别对下行调度及传输过程和上行调度及传输过程进行详细说明。
实施例二
图 3 是本发明实施例二提供的适用于下行调度的调度方法的流程示意 图。 下面具体描述下行调度及传输过程， 包括如下四个步骤：
步骤 S301： 网络设备获取下行调度信息； 其中， 下行调度信息包括各终端设备或各终端设备的不同业务流的调度 需求 （例如： 待调度的业务和队列长度、 不同业务的服务质量 QoS 需求、 业务优先级等等）。
其中， 步骤 S301 还可能包括： 获取网络设备至各终端设备的下行传输 信道的状态信息或质量信息 （网络设备能否获得下行传输信道的状态信息或 质量信息取决于终端设备的能力， 若终端设备不支持， 网络设备可不依赖该 信道信息调度）。 在下行调度传输中， 帧周期确定由网络设备侧的调度器完成。 调度器从 网络设备的 MAC或高层获得下行调度信息， 具体通过如下三种方式均可以 获得下行传输信道的状态信息或质量信息：
第一种方式：网络设备为需要调度的 N个终端设备调度 N个上行探测信 道， 各终端设备在上行探测信道发射探测信号， 网络设备通过上行探测信号 测量上行传输信道的质量， 并基于 TDD ***上下行互易性得到各终端设备 对应的下行传输信道的质量信息； 第二种方式：网络设备为需要调度的 N个终端设备调度 N个上行反馈信 道， 各终端设备依据下行探测或公共导频信号测量信道的状态或质量， 并在 网络设备调度的上行反馈信道上反馈信道的状态信息或质量信息；
第三种方式：网络设备为需要调度的 N个终端设备调度 N个上行探测信 道和 N个上行反馈信道，各终端设备依据下行探测或公共导频信号测量信道 的状态或质量， 并在上行传输中， 各终端设备在为其调度的上行探测信道和 上行反馈信道分别发射上行探测信号和反馈全部或者部分信道的状态或质量 信息。 对于上述下行调度及传输过程需要说明如下：
1、 信道的状态信息指下行传输信道矩阵 H ( N X M阶， N个接收天线， M个发射天线；)，或者指下行传输信道矩阵 H在 SVD分解后的 V ( M X K阶） 矩阵， 或者指该 V矩阵的压缩信息；
2、 信道的质量信息指下述信息或部分信息： 下行传输信道的 SNR (信 噪比）或 SINR (信千噪比；)， MCS (下行传输可釆用的调制编码集合 ), Nss (下行传输可釆用的空间流数；)， PMI (下行传输可釆用的预编码矩阵集合 ) 等其它相关测量尺度；
3、 信道的状态或质量的测量和反馈可以是测量和反馈整个频带的信道 的状态信息或质量信息， 也可以是测量和反馈部分频带的信道的状态信息或 质量信息；
4、 上行探测信道可以是按需调度， 按需调度包括两种方式： 所述网络 设备触发调度 STA发射探测信号， 或所述网络设备调度一次后， 在一段时间 内， 所述终端设备在上行探测信道上周期性地发射探测信号；
5、对于本帧内下行传输信道的业务的 ACK或 NACK反馈， 可以是在本 帧的上行传输信道反馈， 也可以是在其它帧的上行传输信道反馈， 也可以不 反馈。
步骤 S302: 网络设备的调度器完成调度算法， 包括： 网络设备根据下行 调度信息， 为全部或部分有业务需求的终端设备调度下行传输资源； 或者网 络设备根据下行调度信息， 结合信道的状态和 /或质量信息， 为全部或部分有 业务需求的终端设备调度下行传输资源； 其中， 调度算法例如最大载千比调度算法， 轮询调度算法， 正比公平调 度算法等。
各终端设备可通过时分， 频分， 码分、 空分或者上述复用方式的结合共 享下行传输资源。 其中， 根据下行调度信息调度下行传输资源包括： 为终端设备调度下行 传输信道， 或为终端设备调度下行传输信道和下行探测信道。
步骤 S303:网络设备根据本帧内调度的下行资源计算本帧内下行调度周 期 （包括前导序列周期、 ***信息信道周期、 控制信道周期和下行传输信道 周期，还可能包括下行探测信道周期中的一个或多个）， 并结合上行调度周期 (可能包括上行探测信道周期、上行调度请求信道周期、上行传输信道周期、 上行随机接入信道周期中的一个或多个） 和保护间隔确定本帧的结构； 确定本帧的结构之后还可能包括步骤： 计算本帧的帧长。
其中， 根据本帧内调度的下行资源计算本帧内控制信道周期， 具体为： 根据下行调度信令的个数， 以及各信令的分组大小， 计算控制信道周期。 具 体实现， 例如： 将每个信令分组的大小求和计算得到控制信道周期， 或者如 果信令分组是固定大小的话，用信令分组的固定大小与信令的个数相乘计算， 得到控制信道周期。
根据本帧内调度的下行资源计算本帧内下行传输信道周期， 具体为： 对 各终端设备调度的下行传输资源求和计算得到下行传输信道周期。
步骤 S304: 网络设备广播本帧的结构， 并发送下行调度信令。
其中， 可以通过***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 或 者其他信道广播本帧的结构；
可以通过控制信道或其他信道发送下行调度信令。 其中， 步骤 S304还可能包括步骤： 广播本帧的帧长。
此时， 通过***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 或者其 他信道广播本帧的结构和 /或帧长。
步骤 S304还可能包括步骤：网络设备发送下行业务数据和 /或控制信令， 具体包括： 通过下行传输信道或其他信道发送下行业务数据和 /或控制信令。
通过上述过程， 配置好通信帧的结构， 并发送给与网络设备关联的终端 设备。
当终端设备接收到网络设备发送的下行调度信令后， 检查***信息信道 和控制信道， 根据***信息和下行调度信令， 计算获得各终端设备占用的传 输资源， 确定下行传输周期、 上行传输周期并计算本帧的帧长；
如果步骤 s304 不但广播本帧的结构还广播了帧长， 则终端设备直接获 得本帧的帧长， 不需要计算。
通过上述步骤 S301 -S304, 即可得到要传输的通信帧。
图 4和图 5为下行调度及传输过程列举的实施例三和四。 下面以网络设 备为 CAP, 终端设备为 STA为例， 对下行调度及传输过程进行详细说明。
实施例三 在实施例三中， 具体描述在 CAP 通过上行探测信道测量下行信道的质 量的情况下的下行调度及传输过程， 具体包括以下步骤：
步骤 S401： CAP获取下行调度信息和下行传输信道的质量，包括： CAP 为需要调度的 2个 STA， 即 STA1和 STA2调度 2个上行探测信道， 为需要 调度的 STA1调度 1 个上行传输信道， STA1 和 STA2在上行探测信道发射 探测信号， CAP 通过上行探测信号测量上行传输信道的质量， 并基于 TDD ***上下行互易性得到各 STA1和 STA2对应的下行传输信道的质量；
步骤 S402: CAP测量信道状态并完成调度算法， 包括： CAP依据下 行调度信息和下行传输信道的质量为有业务需求的 STA1 和 STA2调度下行 传输资源， STA1和 STA2通过时分复用方式的结合共享下行传输资源； 步骤 S403: CAP根据本帧内调度的下行传输资源计算本帧内下行调度 周期 （前导序列周期、 ***信息信道周期、 控制信道周期和下行传输信道周 期） 并结合本帧内上行调度周期 （上行探测信道周期、 上行调度请求信道周 期、 上行传输信道周期、 上行随机接入信道周期） 和保护间隔确定本帧的结 构；
步骤 S404: CAP在***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 广播本帧的结构， 并通过控制信道发送下行调度信令， 通过下行传输信道发 送下行业务数据和 /或控制信令。 通过上述步骤得到的帧结构参见图 4。
图 4是本发明实施例三提供的 CAP通过上行探测信道测量下行传输信 道的质量的帧结构的示意图。 如图 4所示， 通信帧被划分为前导序列、 ***信息信道、 控制信道、 下 行传输信道、 DGI、 上行探测信道、 上行调度请求信道、 上行传输信道、 上 行随机接入信道和 U G I。
实施例四 在实施例四中， 具体描述在 CAP 通过上行反馈信道的质量调度下行传 输的过程， 具体包括以下步骤：
步骤 S501 : CAP获取下行调度信息和下行传输信道的质量， 包括： CAP 为需要调度的 2个 STA， 即 STA1和 STA2调度 2个上行传输信道（用于反 馈）， STA1和 STA2依据下行探测或公共导频信号测量下行探测信道的状态 或质量， 并在 CAP调度的上行传输信道上反馈信道的状态或质量， 即 CSI 反馈；
步骤 S502: CAP测量信道状态并完成调度算法， 包括： CAP依据下行 调度信息和 CSI反馈， 为 STA1和 STA2调度下行传输资源， STA1和 STA2 通过时分复用方式的结合共享下行传输资源； 步骤 S503: CAP依据本帧内调度的下行传输资源计算本帧内下行调度 周期 （前导序列周期、 ***信息信道周期、 控制信道周期、 下行传输信道周 期和下行探测信道周期） 并结合本帧内上行调度周期 （上行传输信道周期、 上行随机接入信道周期和上行调度请求信道周期） 和保护间隔确定本帧的结 构， 计算本帧的帧长； 步骤 s504: CAP在***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 广播本帧的结构和帧长， 并通过控制信道发送下行调度信令， 通过下行传输 信道发送下行业务数据和 /或控制信令。 通过上述步骤得到的帧结构参见图 5。
图 5是本发明实施例四提供的 CAP通过上行反馈信道的质量调度下行 传输的帧结构的示意图。
如图 5所示， 通信帧被划分为前导序列、 ***信息信道、 控制信道、 下 行传输信道一、 下行探测信道、 下行传输信道二、 DGI、 上行调度请求信道、 上行传输信道、 上行随机接入信道和 UGI。
实施例三和四中， 由于帧 N-1与帧 N需要^载的下行业务不同， 帧 N-1 与帧 N具有不同的帧长。 在图 4所示的帧结构中， 由于考虑 TDD上下行信 道互易性获得下行传输信道的质量， 需要上行探测信道。 而在图 5的实施例 四中， STA测量下行探测信道并将信道的质量反馈给 CAP, 因此不再需要上 行探测信道。 釆用哪种反馈方式， 由 CAP调度器依据 STA能力， 以及*** 设置确定。 CAP可依据各帧内上下行传输信道需求与各辅助或控制信道的有 无或周期， 确定本帧帧结构及帧长， 并通过***信息或者***信息与控制信 道共同广播本帧的基本***配置信息。 上下行传输周期可随上下行业务需求 自适应变化， ***调度周期可随无线信道时间选择性衰落自适应调整。 本帧 内上下行传输信道周期， 各辅助或控制信道的有无或周期均由调度器依据业 务和信令调度需求确定。 在实施例三和四中， STA1在第 N帧的下行传输业务均在该帧的上行传 输反馈 ACK1信令， STA2在第 N帧的下行传输并未在该帧的上行传输反馈 ACK2信令， 这可能是由于下述原因： （ 1 ) STA2在第 N帧的下行传输在第 N+k帧反馈； ( 2 ) STA2的下行业务不需要反馈 ACK信令。
实施例五
图 6 是本发明实施例五提供的适用于上行调度的调度方法的流程示意 图， 体描述上行调度及传输过程， 包括如下四个步骤：
步骤 s601： 网络设备获取上行调度信息；
其中， 上行调度信息包括各终端设备或各终端设备的不同业务流的调度 需求 （例如： 待调度的业务和队列长度、 不同业务的服务质量 QoS 需求、 业务优先级等等）； 其中， 步骤 S601 还可能包括： 获取各终端设备至网络设备的上行传输 信道的状态信息或质量信息 （网络设备也可不依赖该信道信息调度）。 上行调度传输， 帧周期确定由网络设备侧调度器完成。 网络设备可通过 上行探测信道测量上行信道的状态或质量， 并告知网络设备侧调度器。 网络 设备可按照需求为终端设备调度上行探测信道， 也可为终端设备配置周期性 上行探测信道。 若网络设备为终端设备配置有周期性上行探测信道， 在上行 调度时，网络设备可依据已有的上行传输信道信息为终端设备调度时频资源。
具体地， 网络设备可通过如下三种方式均可以获得上行调度信息： 第一种： 通过请求-应答方式获取上行调度信息， 具体为： 终端设备发起 调度请求， 网络设备在上行传输信道为该终端设备分配资源， 终端设备在相 应的资源内反馈上行调度需求信息；
第二种： 通过轮询方式获取上行调度信息， 具体为： 网络设备周期性轮 询各终端设备反馈上行调度需求； 第三种： 通过携带上报方式获取上行调度信息： 终端设备在上行业务传 输中稍带剩余的上行调度需求。
对于第一种方式， 终端设备发起调度请求， 具体有如下两种方式：
( 1 ), 基于无冲突上行传输请求机制， 即： 网络设备为终端设备分配独 有的上行传输请求信道；
( 2 )、 基于竟争的上行传输请求机制， 即： 终端设备没有指定的上行传 输请求信道， 通过竟争上行传输请求信道或随机接入信道向网络设备发射上 行请求。 上行调度传输， 帧周期确定由 CAP侧调度器完成。 CAP可通过上行探 测信道测量上行信道状态或质量， 并告知 CAP侧调度器。 CAP可按照需求 为 STA调度上行探测信道， 也可为 STA配置周期性上行探测信道。 若 CAP 为 STA配置有周期性上行探测信道， 在上行调度时， CAP可依据已有的上 行传输信道信息为 STA调度时频资源。 步骤 S602: 网络设备的调度器完成调度算法， 包括： 网络设备根据所述 上行调度信息分配为全部或部分有业务需求的终端设备调度上行传输资源； 其中， 所述调度算法例如最大载千比调度算法， 轮询调度算法， 正比公 平调度算法等。
各终端设备可通过时分， 频分， 码分、 空分或者上述复用方式的结合共 享上行传输资源。 其中， 根据上行调度信息调度上行传输资源包括： 为终端设备调度上行 传输信道。
根据上行调度信息调度上行传输资源还包括： 为终端设备调度上行探测 信道、 上行调度请求信道中的一个或多个。
步骤 S603:网络设备依据本帧内调度的上行资源计算本帧内上行调度周 期 （包括上行传输信道周期、 上行探测信道周期、 上行调度请求信道周期、 上行随机接入信道周期中的一个或多个）， 并结合本帧内下行调度周期（包括 前导序列周期、 ***信息信道周期、 控制信道周期和下行传输信道周期， 还 可能包括下行探测信道周期） 和保护间隔等确定本帧的结构；
确定本帧的结构之后还可能包括步骤： 计算本帧的帧长。
其中， 根据本帧内调度的上行资源计算本帧内上行传输信道周期， 具体 为： 根据为各终端设备调度的上行传输资源求和计算上行传输信道周期。
步骤 S604: 网络设备广播本帧的结构， 并发送调度信令。 其中， 可以通过***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 或 者其他信道广播本帧的结构；
可以通过控制信道或其他信道发送调度信令。 其中， 步骤 S604还可能包括步骤： 广播本帧的帧长。
此时， 通过***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 或者其 他信道广播本帧的结构和 /或帧长。
除步骤 s601 ~s604之夕卜， 还可能包括： 步骤 S605: 终端设备发送上行业务数据和 /或反馈信息， 具体包括： 通 过上行传输信道发送上行业务数据和 /或反馈信息。
通过上述过程， 配置好通信帧的结构， 并发送给与网络设备关联的终端 设备。
当终端设备接收到网络设备发送的上行调度信令后， 检查***信息信道 和控制信道， 根据***信息和上行调度信令， 计算所获得各终端设备占用的 传输资源， 确定上行传输周期， 并计算本帧的帧长；
如果步骤 s604 不但广播本帧的结构还广播了帧长， 则终端设备直接获 得本帧的帧长， 不需要计算。
通过上述步骤 S601 -S604或 s601 ~s605， 我们可以得到要传输的通信 帧。
下面以网络设备为 CAP, 终端设备为 STA为例， 对上行调度及传输过 程进行详细说明。
实施例六 在实施例六中， 具体描述在 CAP未知上行信道的状态 /质量信息和带宽 需求时的情况下的上行调度及传输过程， 具体包括以下步骤： 步骤 S701 : CAP获取上行调度信息和上行传输信道的质量， 具体包括： 由 STA在 CAP为其分配的独享的无冲突上行调度请求信道触发调度请求， CAP在对应信道收到调度请求后， 即可确定是哪个 STA发起调度请求； 并 在 N-1 帧调度该 STA反馈调度信息， 同时调度该 STA发射上行探测信号， 便于 CAP测量上行传输信道的状态或质量信息； 步骤 s702: CAP完成调度算法， 包括： 获知调度信息与上行传输信道 的状态或质量信息后， CAP依据上行调度信息和上行信道的质量， 在第 N帧 为 STA调度上行传输资源； 步骤 S703: CAP依据本帧内上行调度传输计算本帧内控制信道周期和 上行调度周期 （上行探测信道周期、 上行调度请求信道周期、 上行传输信道 周期和上行随机接入信道周期），并结合本帧内下行调度周期（前导序列周期、 ***信息信道周期、 控制信道周期和下行传输信道周期） 和保护间隔等确定 本帧的结构；
步骤 S704: CAP在***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 广播本帧的结构， 并通过控制信道发送上行调度信令；
步骤 S705: STA通过上行传输信道发送上行业务数据和 /或反馈信息。 通过上述步骤得到的帧结构参见图 7。
图 7是本发明实施例六提供的 CAP未知上行信道的状态 /质量信息和带 宽需求时的上行调度传输过程的帧结构的示意图。 如图 7所示， 通信帧被划分前导序列信道、 ***信息信道、 控制信道、 下行传输信道、 下行保护间隔 DGI、 上行探测信道、 上行调度请求信道、 上 行传输信道， 上行随机接入信道和上行保护间隔 UGI。
实施例七
在实施例七中， 具体描述在 CAP 通过上行业务传输稍带调度信息时的 情况下的上行调度及传输过程， 具体包括以下步骤：
步骤 s801 : CAP获取上行调度信息， 具体包括： STA在第 N帧上行业 务传输过程中稍带了上行调度信息；
步骤 S802: 获知该上行调度信息后， 完成调度算法， 并 CAP在第 N+1 帧直接调度该 STA上行传输； 步骤 s803: CAP依据本帧内上行调度传输计算本帧内控制信道周期和 上行调度周期 （上行传输信道周期、 上行探测信道周期、 上行调度请求信道 周期和上行随机接入信道周期），并结合本帧内下行调度周期（前导序列周期、 ***信息信道周期、 控制信道周期和下行传输信道周期） 和上下行保护间隔 等确定本帧的结构， 计算本帧的帧长；
步骤 S804: CAP在***信息信道， 或者***信息信道与控制信道结合， 广播本帧的结构或结构和帧长， 并通过控制信道发送上行调度信令；
步骤 s805: STA通过上行传输信道发送上行业务和 /或反馈信息。 通过上述步骤得到的帧结构参见图 8。 图 8是本发明实施例七提供的 CAP通过上行业务传输稍带调度信息时 的上行调度传输过程的帧结构的示意图。 如图 8所示， 通信帧被划分前导序列信道、 ***信息信道、 控制信道、 下行传输信道、 下行保护间隔 DGI、 上行探测信道、 上行调度请求信道、 上 行传输信道， 上行随机接入信道和上行保护间隔 UGI。
实施例八
为了实现上述方法， 本发明实施例提供了一种网络设备， 如图 9所示， 包括：
获取单元 901， 用于获取调度信息； 调度单元 902， 与所述获取单元 901相连， 用于根据所述调度信息调度 传输资源；
确定单元 903， 与所述调度单元 902相连， 用于根据本帧内调度的传输 资源计算上行调度周期和下行调度周期； 以及根据上行调度周期、 下行调度 周期和保护间隔确定本帧的结构；
广播单元 904， 与所述确定单元 903相连， 用于广播本帧的结构； 发送单元 905， 与所述调度单元 902相连用于发送下行调度信令。
进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点： 所述调度信息包括各接收设备的调度需求， 或， 各接收设备的不同业务 流的调度需求； 所述调度信令用于指示传输资源的分配。
进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点： 所述获取单元 901， 用于获取下行调度信息；
所述调度单元 902， 用于根据所述下行调度信息调度下行传输资源； 所述确定单元 903， 用于根据本帧内调度的下行传输资源计算下行调度 周期。
进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点：
所述调度单元 902， 用于根据所述下行调度信息调度下行传输信道。 进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点：
还包括与所述调度单元 902相连的第一计算单元 906， 其中： 所述调度单元 902，用于根据所述下行调度信息调度用于 STA发送上行 探测信号的上行探测信道； 以及结合下行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息 调度下行传输资源；
所述第一计算单元 906， 用于通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号， 计算 出上行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 基于***的上下互易性， 确定下行传输信 道的质量和 /或状态。
进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点：
所述调度单元 902， 用于根据所述下行调度信息，调度用于 CAP发送下 行探测信号的下行探测信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算 出的下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态的上行传输信道； 以及结合通过反馈获取 到的下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 调度下行传输资源。
进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点： 所述获取单元 901， 用于获取上行调度信息；
所述调度单元 902， 用于根据所述上行调度信息调度上行传输资源； 所述确定单元 903， 用于根据本帧内调度的上行传输资源计算上行调度 周期。
进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点：
所述调度单元 902， 用于根据所述上行调度信息调度上行传输信道。 进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点：
还包括与所述调度单元 902相连的第二计算单元 907， 其中： 所述调度单元 902，用于根据所述上行调度信息调度用于 STA发送上行 探测信号的上行探测信道； 以及结合所述上行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态 信息调度上行传输资源；
所述第二计算单元 907， 用于通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号， 出上行传输信道的质量和 /或状态。 进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点：
所述调度单元 902， 用于根据所述上行调度信息，调度用于 CAP发送下 行探测信号的下行探测信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算 出的下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态的上行传输信道； 以及通过反馈获取到下 行传输信道的质量和 /或状态后， 基于***的上下互易性， 确定上行传输信道 的质量和 /或状态， 结合所述上行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 调度上行传输 资源。
进一步， 上述网络设备还可具有以下特点： 所述调度单元 902， 用于调度***信息信道和控制信道；
所述广播单元 904， 用于通过***信息信道广播本帧的结构； 或者， 通 过***信息信道和控制信道共同广播本帧的结构；
所述发送单元 905， 用于通过控制信道发送所述调度信令。
实施例九
为了实现上述方法， 本发明实施例提供了一种终端设备， 如图 10所示， 包括：
接收单元 1001， 用于接收本帧的结构信息和调度信令；
确定单元 1002， 与所述接收单元 1001相连， 用于根据本帧的结构信息 确定本帧的结构， 以及根据调度信令确定资源的分配。
进一步， 上述终端设备还可具有以下特点： 还包括：
处理单元 1003， 与所述确定单元 1002相连， 用于才艮据本帧的结构和资 源分配情况， 解析本帧， 在对应的信道上执行数据的收发处理。
应用实例一
图 11 为应用实例提供的上下行调度传输过程的***帧结构的示意图。 如图 11 所示， 帧被划分前导序列、 ***信息信道、 控制信道、 下行业 务传输信道、 下行保护间隔 DGI、 上行探测信道、 上行调度请求信道、 上行 业务传输信道、 上行随机接入信道和上行保护间隔 UGI。 其中， 前导序列具体包括短前导和长前导。
某个 CAP关联有 4个 STA: STA0、 STA1、 STA2和 STA3。 在第 N-1 帧， STAO进行了上下行业务传输， 但 STA0各业务的下行传 输队列中依然有分组排队， 等待被调度； 在上行业务传输中， STA0 向上稍 带了 N-1 帧结束后， STA0各业务上行队列等待被调度的分组数量。 为了确 保第 N帧高效下行调度， STA在第 N-1 帧调度 STA0通过上行传输信道反馈 下行信道的质量；为了确保第 N帧高效上行调度， CAP在第 N-1帧调度 STA0 在上行探测信道 1 上发射上行探测信号， 便于 CAP测量上行信道的质量。 在 N-1 帧， STA1 有新的下行业务到达， 等待被调度。 STA2在 N-1 帧完成 随机接入过程， 等待被调度， 向 CAP报告 STA2 的传输能力和设备配置。 STA3在 N-1 帧上行调度请求信道成功发起上行调度请求。
在第 N帧， 下行传输过程， CAP依据 STA0下行传输队列信息， 以及在 N-1 帧反馈的下行传输信道的质量，为 STA0调度了下行 384个 OFDM符号 用于下行业务传输。 由于只有 STA0有业务传输， 本帧内下行传输信道共分 配了 384个 OFDM符号， 其中编号 1 至编号 384的 OFDM符号都由 CAP 向 STA0传输下行业务。 为了便于 CAP在后续帧下行调度 STA1， CAP发 起下行探测信号， 并调度 STA1在上行传输过程反馈信道的状态信息。 因此， 本帧内下行探测信道设置 1 个 OFDM符号。 在第 N帧， 上行传输过程， CAP依据 STA0反馈的上行传输队列信息， 以及 CAP依据上行探测信道 1 测量的上行传输信道的质量， 为 STA0调度 了上行 128个 OFDM符号用于上行业务传输。 CAP为 STA2分配了 16个 OFDM符号报告 STA2传输能力和设备配置。 CAP为 STA3分配了 16个 OFDM符号， 报告上行调度信道。 STA2与 STA3均为反馈传输， 釆用确定 的调制编码格式， CAP不需要考虑上行传输信道的质量为其指配传输格式。 本帧传输结束后， STA0不再有下行业务传输， 因此 STA0不再需要反馈下 行信道的质量。但 CAP估计 STA0依然有上行业务等待传输，因此调度 STA0 依然通过上行探测信道 1发射上行探测信道。 同时， CAP调度 STA3在上行 探测信道 2发射上行探测信道， 便于在 N+1 帧调度 STA3上行传输。 另夕卜， CAP为 STA1分配了 64个 OFDM符号反馈上行信道的质量。 综上， 上行探 测信道共需要 128+16+16+64=224个 OFDM符号。 其中， 编号 1至编号 16 用于 STA2报告设备能力；编号 17至编号 32用于 STA3反馈上行调度信息； 编号 33至编号 96用于 STA1反馈下行信道的质量； 编号 98至编号 224用 于 STA0进行上行传输。 另外， 本帧还需要 2个上行探测信道。 由于未知其 它 STA是否还会发起上行业务调度请求， 需要预留 2个 OFDM符号用于上 行调度请求信道； 由于未知是否会有新的 STA 发起随机接入， 预留 1 个 OFDM符号用于上行随机接入。
CAP计算控制信道需求： 下行调度传输， 以及为 N-1 帧 STA0上行传输 反馈 ACK/NACK信令， 共需 2个控制子信道； 上行调度传输， 需要 6个控 制子信道， 分别用于 STA0、 STA1、 STA2与 STA3上行传输信道调度， 以 及 STA0和 STA3上行探测信道指配。 综上分析， 本帧需要 6个 OFDM符号 用于控制信道传输。
基于上述调度考虑， 第 N帧帧配置信息如下： 6个 OFDM符号用于控制 信道传输， 384个 OFDM符号用于下行业务传输， 1 个 OFDM符号用于下 行探测信道传输（下行探测信道位置固定）， 2个 OFDM符号用于上行探测 信道传输， 2个 OFDM符号用于上行调度请求信道， 224个 OFDM符号用 于上行传输信道， 1 个 OFDM符号用于上行随机接入信道。 加之***固有的 短前导、 长前导、 ***信息信道各一个 OFDM 符号。 下行至上行保护间隔 DGI , 以及上行至下行保护间隔 UGI 各一个 OFDM 符号。 本帧共计： 3+6+384+1 +1 +2+2+224+1 + 1 =625个 OFDM符号。 基于上述过程， STA0、 STA 1、 STA 2、 STA 3收到通信帧后， 通过检 测***信息信道的广播信息， 可获得控制信道周期 6个 OFDM符号、 下行 传输信道周期 384个 OFDM符号、 DGI周期 1个 OFDM符号、 下行探测信 道周期 1个 OFDM符号、 上行探测信道周期 2个 OFDM符号、 调度请求信 道周期 2个 OFDM符号、 上行传输信道周期 224个 OFDM符号、 随机接入 信道周期 1个 OFDM符号和 UGI周期 1 个 OFDM符号； 然后通过对前导序 列信道周期 2个 OFDM符号 （短训练序列 1 个 OFDM符号、 长训练序列 1 个 OFDM符号）、 ***信息信道周期 1个 OFDM符号、 控制信道周期、 下行 传输信道周期、 下行探测信道周期、 DGI周期、 上行探测信道周期、 调度请 求信道周期、 上行传输周期、 随机接入信道周期和 UGI周期进行求和运算， 确定帧 N帧长， 即 3+6+384+1 + 1 +2+2+224+1 +1 = 625个 OFDM符号。
釆用本发明的方法、 ***和设备， 通过动态配置帧结构， 通过上下行调 度， 能够实现基于业务需求动态划分上下行无线资源， 能够较好的动态适配 未来种类丰富且特征各异的数据业务需求。 同时， 该***能够提供甚小的资 源颗粒度， 不仅能够适配不同终端的较大的业务速率需求变化， 而且也能够 较好的适配无线信道的动态变化。 4既括言之， 该***能够权衡业务需求与信 道特征， 动态划分上下行链路资源， 在考虑链路自适应的条件下， 为不同终 端动态分配无线资源。
应该明白，公开的过程中的步骤的特定顺序或层次是示例性方法的实例。 基于设计偏好， 应该理解， 过程中的步骤的特定顺序或层次可以在不脱离本 公开的保护范围的情况下得到重新安排。 所附的方法权利要求以示例性的顺 序给出了各种步骤的要素， 并且不是要限于所述的特定顺序或层次。 在上述的详细描述中， 各种特征一起组合在单个的实施方案中， 以筒化 本公开。 不应该将这种公开方法解释为反映了这样的意图， 即， 所要求保护 的主题的实施方案需要比清楚地在每个权利要求中所陈述的特征更多的特 征。 相反， 如所附的权利要求书所反映的那样， 本发明处于比所公开的单个 实施方案的全部特征少的状态。 因此， 所附的权利要求书特此清楚地被并入 详细描述中， 其中每项权利要求独自作为本发明单独的优选实施方案。 上文的描述包括一个或多个实施例的举例。 当然， 为了描述上述实施例 而描述部件或方法的所有可能的结合是不可能的， 但是本领域普通技术人员 应该认识到， 各个实施例可以做进一步的组合和排列。 因此， 本文中描述的 实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求书的保护范围内的所有这样的改变、 修改 和变型。 此外， 就说明书或权利要求书中使用的术语 "包含"， 该词的涵盖方 式类似于术语 "包括"， 就如同 "包括，" 在权利要求中用作 #†接词所解释的 那样。 此外， 使用在权利要求书的说明书中的任何一个术语 "或者" 是要表 示 "非排它性的或者"。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种调度方法， 其特征在于， 包括： 获取调度信息；
根据所述调度信息调度传输资源；
根据本帧内调度的传输资源计算上行调度周期和下行调度周期； 根据上行调度周期、 下行调度周期和保护间隔确定本帧的结构； 广播本帧的结构， 并发送调度信令。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述调度信息包括各接收设备的调度需求， 或， 各接收设备的不同业务 流的调度需求； 所述调度信令用于指示传输资源的分配。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于：
获取下行调度信息； 根据所述下行调度信息调度下行传输资源；
根据本帧内调度的下行传输资源计算下行调度周期。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于： 根据所述下行调度信息调度下行传输信道。
5. 如权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于： 根据所述下行调度信息调度用于站点 STA 发送上行探测信号的上行探 测信道； 通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号，计算出上行传输信道的质量和 /或状 态， 基于***的上下互易性， 确定下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态；
结合所述下行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息调度下行传输资源。
6. 如权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于： 根据所述下行调度信息， 调度用于 CAP 发送下行探测信号的下行探测 信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算出的下行传输信道的质 量和 /或状态的上行传输信道；
结合反馈获取到的下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 调度下行传输资源。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 获取上行调度信息； 根据所述上行调度信息调度上行传输资源；
根据本帧内调度的上行传输资源计算上行调度周期。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的方法， 其特征在于： 根据所述上行调度信息调度上行传输信道。
9. 如权利要求 7所述的方法， 其特征在于： 根据所述上行调度信息调度用于 STA 发送上行探测信号的上行探测信 道；
通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号，计算出上行传输信道的质量和 /或状 态；
结合所述上行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息调度上行传输资源。
10.如权利要求 7所述的方法， 其特征在于： 根据所述上行调度信息， 调度用于 CAP 发送下行探测信号的下行探测 信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算出的下行传输信道的质 量和 /或状态的上行传输信道； 通过反馈获取到下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 基于***的上下互易 性， 确定上行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 结合所述上行传输信道的质量和 / 或状态， 调度上行传输资源。
1 1.如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 调度***信息信道和控制信道；
通过***信息信道广播本帧的结构； 或者， 通过***信息信道和控制信 道共同广播本帧的结构；
通过控制信道发送所述调度信令。
12.—种网络设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
获取单元， 用于获取调度信息； 调度单元， 用于根据所述调度信息调度传输资源；
确定单元， 用于根据本帧内调度的传输资源计算上行调度周期和下行调 度周期； 以及根据上行调度周期、下行调度周期和保护间隔确定本帧的结构； 广播单元， 用于广播本帧的结构； 发送单元， 用于发送下行调度信令。
13.如权利要求 12所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述调度信息包括各接收设备的调度需求， 或， 各接收设备的不同业务 流的调度需求； 所述调度信令用于指示传输资源的分配。
14.如权利要求 12所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述获取单元， 用于获取下行调度信息； 所述调度单元， 用于根据所述下行调度信息调度下行传输资源； 所述确定单元，用于根据本帧内调度的下行传输资源计算下行调度周期。
15.如权利要求 14所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述调度单元， 用于根据所述下行调度信息调度下行传输信道。
16.如权利要求 14所述的网络设备，其特征在于，还包括第一计算单元： 所述调度单元，用于根据所述下行调度信息调度用于站点 STA发送上行 探测信号的上行探测信道； 以及结合下行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息 调度下行传输资源；
所述第一计算单元， 用于通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号， 计算出上 行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 基于***的上下互易性， 确定下行传输信道的 质量和 /或状态。
17.如权利要求 14所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述调度单元， 用于根据所述下行调度信息， 调度用于 CAP 发送下行 探测信号的下行探测信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算出 的下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态的上行传输信道； 以及结合通过反馈获取到 的下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 调度下行传输资源。
18.如权利要求 12所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述获取单元， 用于获取上行调度信息；
所述调度单元， 用于根据所述上行调度信息调度上行传输资源； 所述确定单元，用于根据本帧内调度的上行传输资源计算上行调度周期。
19.如权利要求 18所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述调度单元， 用于根据所述上行调度信息调度上行传输信道。
20.如权利要求 18所述的网络设备，其特征在于，还包括第二计算单元： 所述调度单元，用于根据所述上行调度信息调度用于 STA发送上行探测 信号的上行探测信道； 以及结合所述上行传输信道的质量信息和 /或状态信息 调度上行传输资源；
所述第二计算单元， 用于通过测量上行探测信道的探测信号， 计算出上 行传输信道的质量和 /或状态。
21.如权利要求 18所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述调度单元， 用于根据所述上行调度信息， 调度用于 CAP 发送下行 探测信号的下行探测信道；以及调度用于 STA反馈根据下行探测信号测算出 的下行传输信道的质量和 /或状态的上行传输信道； 以及通过反馈获取到下行 传输信道的质量和 /或状态后， 基于***的上下互易性， 确定上行传输信道的 质量和 /或状态， 结合所述上行传输信道的质量和 /或状态， 调度上行传输资 源。
22.如权利要求 12所述的网络设备， 其特征在于： 所述调度单元， 用于调度***信息信道和控制信道；
所述广播单元， 用于通过***信息信道广播本帧的结构； 或者， 通过系 统信息信道和控制信道共同广播本帧的结构； 所述发送单元， 用于通过控制信道发送所述调度信令。
23.—种终端设备， 其特征在于， 包括： 接收单元， 用于接收本帧的结构信息和调度信令； 确定单元， 用于根据本帧的结构信息确定本帧的结构， 以及根据调度信 令确定资源的分配。
24.如权利要求 23所述的终端设备， 其特征在于， 还包括：
处理单元， 用于 艮据本帧的结构和资源分配情况， 解析本帧， 在对应的 信道上执行数据的收发处理。
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