WO2012122908A1 - Procédé et système de génération de signal radiofréquence analogique - Google Patents

Procédé et système de génération de signal radiofréquence analogique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012122908A1
WO2012122908A1 PCT/CN2012/071993 CN2012071993W WO2012122908A1 WO 2012122908 A1 WO2012122908 A1 WO 2012122908A1 CN 2012071993 W CN2012071993 W CN 2012071993W WO 2012122908 A1 WO2012122908 A1 WO 2012122908A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
digital signal
fading
baseband signal
multipath
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PCT/CN2012/071993
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘龙
刘刚
邱海杰
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电信科学技术研究院
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Publication of WO2012122908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012122908A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03343—Arrangements at the transmitter end

Definitions

  • the present invention claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on March 11, 2011 by the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201110059806.4, and the invention is entitled "Analog RF Signal Generation Method and System". This is incorporated herein by reference.
  • TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to an analog radio frequency signal generating method and system for implementing signal over-channel modeling.
  • a wireless channel is a transmission medium for mobile communication, and all information is transmitted in a channel. The performance of the channel directly determines the shield of the communication. Therefore, it is usually necessary to understand the characteristics of the channel and accurately simulate it, and then simulate the signal. Simulation during transmission in the channel.
  • the analog channel mainly determines the impulse response of the channel to be simulated, convolves the transmitted signal with the channel impulse response, simulates the transmission process of the signal in the channel, and implements the signal transmission test according to the analog signal transmission process. Wait for the purpose.
  • the baseband signal is the signal from the source (information source, also called the transmitting terminal) that directly expresses the information to be transmitted, and the original electrical signal that is sent from the source without modulation (spectral shifting and transformation).
  • the baseband signals of the communication system are generated in the digital domain. Each system has a specification that specifies the original sample rate of the baseband signal.
  • the baseband signal has a low original sample rate, and the baseband signal is modulated to obtain an analog RF signal for transmission.
  • MIMO multple input multiple output
  • X (kT s is a digital signal obtained by sampling the i ⁇ signal at the original sampling rate
  • h(nT s , kT s is a channel impulse response for generating a digital domain according to the original sampling rate of the baseband signal
  • J s is the sampling interval according to the original sampling rate
  • A "is a positive integer
  • J is the multipath number
  • A is the power attenuation of the /th diameter
  • C is the reflection of the multipath baseband
  • the correlation matrix of the correlation of signal transmission, & ( « ⁇ is the fast decay sequence of the /th path, which is quantized according to the original sample rate
  • the delay is the number of points.
  • the actual channel transmission signal is an analog radio frequency signal, and is used in the digital domain to generate a channel impulse response according to the original sample rate of the baseband signal, and the analog RF signal is transmitted in the channel, because the number of samples is small, so the scheme
  • the complexity is low, but at the same time, due to the small number of samples, the signal of the digital domain is less realistic than the simulated RF signal and the channel of the digital domain with respect to the actual channel. Therefore, the channel impulse response time generated according to the original sampling rate is The resolution is also low. Due to the multipath characteristics of signal transmission, multipath aliasing may occur, which affects the modeling performance and makes it impossible to perform signal transmission tests more accurately.
  • Ascending sample refers to the sample rate according to the increase of the set multiple of the original sample rate.
  • up is a digital signal obtained by sampling the baseband signal at a rising rate
  • h(nT s up , kT s ⁇ is a channel impulse response for generating a digital domain according to the sample rate
  • r s ⁇ For the sample interval after ascending sample, k, « is a positive integer
  • J is the multipath number
  • A is the power attenuation of the /th path
  • 1 ⁇ / ⁇ J C is the reflection of the multipath baseband signal transmission correlation
  • & ( «7 up ) is the fast decay sequence of the /th path
  • ⁇ is the multiple of the ascending sample
  • ⁇ is the delay of the first/strip diameter quantified according to the sample rate after the ascending sample. Points.
  • equation (3) Since ⁇ / ⁇ is not necessarily an integer, it is not possible to directly generate equation (3), which requires a formula (2), and then approximates to obtain (3). Since ⁇ / ⁇ is not necessarily an integer, the equations (1) and (3) are not equivalent, and the interval after the ascending sample becomes smaller, and the process is closer to the true value.
  • the scheme is closer to the actual analog signal and channel, which can effectively improve the time resolution of the channel impulse response, but at the same time, due to the large number of samples.
  • the sampling rate of the original sample ( ⁇ is a multiple of the ascending sample, ⁇ >1) is increased, the complexity is twice that of the previous one, so the simulation of the transmission process in the channel is brought to a larger extent. difficult.
  • the existing scheme generally has the same multiple amplification factor for multiple signals, so that when the bandwidth of multiple signals is different, the sampling rate of multiple signals is different.
  • the sampling rate of multiple signals is different, which will result in different quantized delay samples, and the frequency domain correlation will also be different, which will also affect the simulation of the transmission process of RF signals in the channel.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for generating an analog radio frequency signal, which is used to achieve a better compromise between complexity and performance over the modeling of the original signal over-channel.
  • the invention provides a method for generating an analog radio frequency signal, comprising:
  • the baseband signal is boosted to obtain a first digital signal, and the sampled sample rate is N times the original sample rate of the baseband signal, N>1;
  • the original digital sample rate is decreased to obtain a second digital signal
  • the correlation factor including a fading sequence reflecting a radial fading of the channel
  • the third digital signal obtained by multiplying is converted into an analog radio frequency signal output.
  • the invention also provides an analog radio frequency signal generating system, comprising:
  • a rising sample device for boosting a baseband signal to obtain a first digital signal, wherein the sample rate of the ascending sample is N times the original sample rate of the baseband signal, N>1;
  • a power attenuation and delay device configured to perform delay and power attenuation on the first digital signal
  • a descending sample device configured to reduce a signal after delay and power attenuation according to the original sample rate, to obtain a second digital signal
  • a fading sequence generator configured to generate a fading sequence that reflects radial fading of the channel
  • a multiplier multiplying the second digital signal by a correlation factor to obtain a third digital signal, the correlation factor including a fading sequence
  • a converter configured to convert the third digital signal obtained by multiplication into an analog RF signal output.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for simulating a signal transmission process provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a signal transmission process simulation system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a signal transmission process simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a polyphase filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cascade structure diagram of a multi-stage polyphase filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a method for generating an analog RF signal, as shown in FIG. 1, comprising:
  • Step S101 the baseband signal is upgraded to obtain the first digital signal, and the sample rate of the ascending sample is N times of the original sample rate of the baseband signal, N>1;
  • the baseband signals of the communication system are generated in the digital domain.
  • Each system has a specification that specifies the original sample rate of the baseband signal, and the baseband signal has a lower original sample rate.
  • the multiplication number N is generally an integer and greater than 1, for the purpose of ascending the sample, and the first digital signal x obtained by the ascending sample (the time interval T s up of kT s is relatively short, wherein 3 ⁇ 4 UP represents the sample Point, k is a positive integer.
  • Step S102 after performing delay and power attenuation on the first digital signal, reducing the sample according to the original sample rate to obtain a second digital signal;
  • the delay value for delaying the first digital signal X(3 ⁇ 4 sidewalk) and the power attenuation value for performing power attenuation are determined according to different communication system scenarios, and according to the existing specifications, corresponding delay values are obtained in different scenarios. And the power attenuation value, which will not be described in detail here.
  • Step S103 multiplying the second digital signal by the correlation factor to obtain a third digital signal, where the correlation factor includes a fading sequence that reflects radial fading of the channel, and in the step, multiplying the second digital signal by the correlation factor, and After a digital signal is convolved, the channel impulse response is the same as that obtained by the original sample rate drop;
  • the sampling rate of the second digital signal is the original sampling rate, the complexity is greatly reduced, because the signal is subjected to the delay and the power attenuation after the signal is lifted, and the correlation coefficient is reflected with the channel characteristics. Multiply, therefore, the result obtained is the same as that achieved by converging the channel impulse response of the first digital signal with the original sample rate.
  • Step S104 Convert the third digital signal obtained by multiplication into an analog radio frequency signal and output, thereby completing modeling of the signal over channel.
  • the method for generating an analog radio frequency signal provided by the present invention greatly reduces the complexity of modeling compared with the prior art under the premise of achieving better performance.
  • the fading sequence that reflects the radial fading of the channel varies according to the channel model.
  • the fading sequence is fast fading, and of course, it can also be applied to the slow fading channel, and the fading sequence may have different values.
  • the signal transmission process has a multipath characteristic. Therefore, it is necessary to model the channel multipath transmission characteristic.
  • the original sampling rate is reduced.
  • Obtaining the second digital signal specifically includes: determining the multipath number according to the multipath characteristic of the transmission environment; performing delay and power attenuation on the first digital signal according to the delay value and the power attenuation value of each path, according to the original The rate is reduced to obtain a second digital signal of multipath.
  • the channel impulse response convolved with the baseband signal is a multipath channel impulse response containing the delay value and power attenuation value for each path. That is, the channel impulse response reflects the multipath characteristic of the signal transmission, and the channel impulse response includes the number of paths, the delay value of each path, and the power attenuation value, and the first digital signal delay and power attenuation are used. The number of paths, the delay value and the power attenuation value of each path are the same. According to the existing specifications, there are corresponding path numbers in different scenarios, and the delay value and power attenuation value corresponding to each path.
  • the baseband signal is a multi-baseband signal, and the correlation factor specifically includes a product of the correlation matrix C and the fading sequence reflecting the correlation of the multi-baseband signal transmission.
  • the method for generating an analog radio frequency signal provided by the present invention can be derived by using the formula for obtaining the above performance.
  • h(t, ⁇ ) ⁇ pi g t (t)S(T - ⁇ , )
  • ⁇ is the power attenuation of the /th path, i ⁇ / ⁇ J, J is the multipath number, M c is the relevant forming matrix reflecting the correlation of multipath baseband signal transmission, & (t) is the fast decay of the Zth path Signal, ⁇ is the delay of the first path.
  • the channel modeling is performed digitally. Therefore, as described above, in order to reduce the complexity of the implementation, the digital signal generated at the original sampling rate and the channel generated by the original sampling rate should be pulsed. The response is convolved, indicating: 3 ⁇ 4 under: Formula 1 )
  • the second method in the prior art is applied, that is, the digital signal after the sample is convolved in the channel module and the channel impulse response after the sample is obtained.
  • the sorghum sample rate signal is changed, and the operation result is output at the original sample rate by the sputum sample filtering.
  • the physical model is based on the physical abstraction of the actual transmission loop.
  • the Clarke model is a commonly used channel mathematical model for multipath fading
  • the Jakes model generator is a simulation model for generating the Clarke model, which is a concrete implementation of the Clarke model.
  • the resulting fast decay signal is generalized stationary and can better match the statistical properties in the Clarke model.
  • the fast decay sequence of each path in this embodiment can be generated by JAKES modeling. According to the above formula, it is found that the fast-fading sequence generated by the JAKES model generator is the same before and after the ascending sample, but the number of points generated is different, but there is a corresponding relationship between the points, and the JAKES model is generated after the ascending sample.
  • the fast decay sequence generated by the device is downsampled, which is exactly the same as the fast decay sequence generated by the JAKES model generator when the original is not ascended.
  • the main change brought by the ascending sample is that the delay on each path after the ascending sample is closer to the ideal value, that is, the sample rate influence is the resolution of the delay.
  • the baseband signal is boosted to obtain a first digital signal, and after the delay and power attenuation of the first digital signal, the original digital sample rate is decreased, and the second digital signal is obtained.
  • Multi-input and multi-output scenarios should be formula (3)
  • the baseband signal is a multi-baseband signal
  • multiplying the second digital signal by the correlation factor comprises: multiplying the second digital signal of each path by (: and the fast-fading sequence of the path, performing The multipath superposition is performed to obtain a third digital signal, that is, the result of the above formula (3) is obtained, so that the present invention achieves an improvement in resolution with greatly reduced complexity.
  • the baseband signal is upgraded, which specifically includes: according to the bandwidth of each baseband signal. , determining the ascending multiple of each baseband signal; ascending the baseband signal according to the determined amplification factor multiple, so that the sampling rate of the multi-baseband signal is the same, so the bandwidth is larger, so The smaller the multiplier, the smaller the bandwidth and the larger the magnification.
  • the signal transmission method provided by the above embodiments of the present invention proposes a new scheme for signal over-channel modeling, which models a MIMO channel based on a correlation matrix method.
  • the invention only needs to raise the signal, and then the signal after the ascending sample is delayed and the power is attenuated, and then the sample is multiplied by the fading without the ascending sample to obtain the signal after the channel is changed.
  • the formula derivation shows that the performance of the scheme is equivalent to the second scheme, but the complexity is greatly reduced. At the same time, considering the consistency of the sample rate under various bandwidths and the influence of the multiples on the complexity and performance of the system, it is necessary to determine the multiple of the sample.
  • 8 or 16 times of the upgrade is a good compromise between its performance and complexity, so the determinable sample-up scheme is: 8 times the 20M bandwidth, 10M bandwidth rises. The sample is 16 times, and the 5M bandwidth is 32 times higher. Similar applications can be obtained for other system bandwidths.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an analog radio frequency signal generating system, as shown in FIG. 2, including:
  • a sample-up device for lifting a baseband signal to obtain a first digital signal
  • the sample rate of the ascending sample is N times the original sample rate of the baseband signal, N>1, preferably, ascending sample
  • the device specifically uses an interpolation filter to design the order of the interpolation filter according to the multiple of the ascending sample. When the magnification is larger, the required interpolation filter has a higher order;
  • the power attenuation and delay device is configured to perform delay and power attenuation on the first digital signal, and the specific delay value and power attenuation value are determined according to different scenarios.
  • the delay device is specifically configured to perform delay and power attenuation on the first digital signal according to the delay value and the power attenuation value of each path according to the multipath number;
  • the descending sample device is configured to reduce the signal after the delay and the power attenuation according to the original sampling rate to obtain a second digital signal.
  • the lifting device is specifically configured with a decimation filter, for the case of multipath , for each path delay and power attenuation signal, according to the original sample rate drop sample, to obtain a multi-path second digital signal;
  • a fading sequence generator for generating a fading sequence reflecting a radial fading of the channel, the generated fading sequence being different according to a channel model
  • the correlation factor is determined as shown in the above embodiment, and the application scenario is not limited to the MIMO scenario.
  • the correlation factor can also be determined according to the above formula derivation;
  • the converter is configured to convert the third digital signal obtained by multiplication into an analog RF signal output, and complete the modeling of the signal over-channel, so that the signal transmission process simulation can be used to measure various performances of the signal transmission.
  • the power attenuation and delay device is specifically configured to delay and power the first digital signal according to the delay value and the power attenuation value of each path according to the multipath number of the transmission.
  • Attenuation; Degradation device specifically for each path delay and power attenuation signal, according to the original sample rate drop sample, to obtain a multi-path second digital signal.
  • the fading sequence generator is specifically configured to generate a multipath fading sequence that reflects radial fading of the multipath channel.
  • the multiplier is specifically configured to continuously multiply the second digital signal of each path by c and a fading sequence of the path; the system further includes: a multipath adder for multipath superimposing the signal output by the multiplier to obtain The third digital signal.
  • the ascending sample device specifically uses an interpolation filter
  • the downsample device specifically extracts the filter.
  • the system further includes: a correlation matrix former for generating a multi-baseband signal transmission Correlation-related forming matrix (:, using the correlation matrix former to generate the relevant forming matrix (: for the prior art, not detailed here; the fading sequence is specifically a fast fading sequence, and the fading sequence generator is specifically for multipath fast fading a fast fading sequence generator for modelling the channel for generating a fast fading sequence for each path.
  • the fast fading sequence generator is specifically a Jakes model generator for modelling a multipath fading channel;
  • the multiplier is specifically configured to continuously multiply the second digital signal of each path by (: and a fast decay sequence of the path; and a multipath adder for multipath superimposing the signal output by the multiplier to obtain The third digital signal, the result of equation (3).
  • the interpolation filter uses a polyphase filter composed of a plurality of sub-filters, and when the multiplier is N, the interpolation is performed by N times, and the N sub-filters are used.
  • the polyphase filter consisting of the device can reduce the amount of calculation to the original 1/N.
  • multiple converters can be used. For example, four times interpolation can be used to construct the structure shown in FIG.
  • ⁇ ⁇ ) is the input digital signal, / 0) ⁇ ; ⁇ (11) is four The coefficients of the sub-filters, /z(0) ⁇ ; each line in z(ll) corresponds to the coefficient of one sub-filter.
  • the rotary switch points to the next one.
  • Subfilter, adder adds the multiplier outputs to get the output signal x ( «').
  • the multi-stage interpolation filter uses a polyphase filter.
  • the structure of the multi-stage interpolation filter is used to raise and sample each baseband signal according to the amplification factor determined according to the bandwidth of each baseband signal, so that the multi-baseband signal is upgraded.
  • the sampling rate is the same.
  • Multi-stage cascaded interpolation filters are suitable for baseband signal boosting in single-bandwidth and multi-bandwidth communication systems.
  • the up-and-down device uses a three-stage cascaded interpolation filter, and the first-stage interpolation filter realizes 8 times ascending sample.
  • the second-stage interpolation filter realizes 2 times ascending sample
  • the third-stage interpolation filter realizes 2 times ascending sample.
  • the filter stages and coefficients can be flexibly configured as needed.
  • the scheme can be applied to any single-bandwidth or multi-bandwidth system. For single-bandwidth, it can be upgraded step by step. For multi-bandwidth, by designing the scale-up multiples realized at each level, the output rate from different levels is always achieved.
  • the application of multi-stage filters takes into account the reusability of the filters at different system bandwidths and effectively reduces the number of filters required for high-magnification samples.
  • the polyphase filter effectively reduces the amount of computation of the convolution, and the combined use of the two further reduces the complexity of the implementation.
  • the invention proves that the requirement of increasing the channel resolution of the channel impulse response can be satisfied by simply formulating the signal without lifting the fading sample, and using multi-stage and polyphase filter phases.
  • the combined approach further reduces the complexity and also solves the problem of different channel frequency selectivity caused by inconsistent sampling rates under different system bandwidths.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention can be embodied in the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage interfaces (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.
  • computer-usable storage interfaces including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Noise Elimination (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un système de génération d'un signal radiofréquence analogique. Le procédé consiste à : suréchantillonner un signal en bande de base afin d'obtenir un premier signal numérique, la fréquence d'échantillonnage pour le suréchantillonnage étant N fois la fréquence d'échantillonnage primaire du signal en bande de base, N > 1 ; après avoir retardé le premier signal numérique et effectué une atténuation de puissance sur celui-ci, réaliser un sous-échantillonnage conformément à la fréquence d'échantillonnage primaire afin d'obtenir un deuxième signal numérique ; multiplier le deuxième signal numérique par un facteur correspondant afin d'obtenir un troisième signal numérique, le facteur correspondant contenant une séquence d'évanouissement reflétant un évanouissement par trajets multiples provoqué par l'environnement de propagation par trajets multiples du canal ; et convertir le troisième signal numérique obtenu après multiplication en un signal radiofréquence analogique destiné à être émis. Le procédé et le système de génération d'un signal radiofréquence analogique selon la présente invention réalisent une modélisation du processus de transmission de signal sur le canal, et réduisent considérablement la complexité de la modélisation du processus de transmission de signal sur le canal tout en obtenant encore de bonnes performances.
PCT/CN2012/071993 2011-03-11 2012-03-06 Procédé et système de génération de signal radiofréquence analogique WO2012122908A1 (fr)

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