WO2012120809A1 - 受電装置及び受電方法 - Google Patents
受電装置及び受電方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012120809A1 WO2012120809A1 PCT/JP2012/001246 JP2012001246W WO2012120809A1 WO 2012120809 A1 WO2012120809 A1 WO 2012120809A1 JP 2012001246 W JP2012001246 W JP 2012001246W WO 2012120809 A1 WO2012120809 A1 WO 2012120809A1
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- power
- impedance
- power storage
- storage device
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power receiving apparatus and a power receiving method in a non-contact power transmission system that uses electromagnetic resonance to transmit power from a power transmitting apparatus to a power receiving apparatus.
- Impedance mismatch occurs when the distance between power transmitting and receiving devices and the surrounding environment change when using a non-contact power transmission system, and the impedance of each antenna of the power transmitting and receiving device changes according to the change. To do. Then, impedance matching between the power supply device that generates power in the power transmission device and the load portion that uses power in the power reception device cannot be achieved. As a result, power is reflected and power supply efficiency is reduced.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a contactless power transmission device having a variable impedance circuit.
- the power transmission device includes an AC power supply and a power transmission antenna
- the power reception device includes a power reception antenna, a load, and an impedance variable circuit.
- the impedance variable circuit suppresses a change in impedance of the resonance system including the power transmitting antenna, the power receiving antenna, and the load by adjusting the impedance.
- the technique of patent document 1 matches the alternating current power supply and the impedance of a resonance system, and maintains electric power feeding efficiency.
- the technique of Patent Document 1 refers to a control parameter data map or a relational expression stored in advance in the apparatus and performs impedance adjustment of the impedance variable circuit.
- a data map or relational expression of control parameters is prepared for each antenna distance or load state assumed in advance. Therefore, in the technique of Patent Document 1, for example, when a shield is sandwiched between power transmission and reception devices and the magnetic permeability of the space changes, impedance can be matched under a situation that the designer has not assumed in advance. It becomes difficult. For this reason, the technique of Patent Document 1 has a problem that power supply efficiency may be reduced under a situation that the designer did not assume in advance. Moreover, since the technique of patent document 1 is provided with an impedance variable circuit, it had the subject that a circuit scale became large.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a power receiving device and a power receiving method capable of suppressing a decrease in power supply efficiency even under various circumstances while suppressing an increase in circuit scale.
- the power receiving device of the present invention includes a power receiving antenna unit that receives power, a first impedance measuring unit that measures impedance of the power receiving antenna unit, a power storage device group that includes a plurality of power storage devices and stores the power.
- a second impedance measuring unit that measures the impedance of the power storage device group, and at least one of the plurality of power storage devices is sequentially switched as a candidate of a power storage device to which the power is supplied, and for each candidate Based on the difference between the impedance of the power storage device group and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit, a control unit that selects a power storage device that actually supplies the power from the candidates and supplies the selected power storage device with the power
- the structure which comprises these is taken.
- the power receiving method of the present invention receives power, measures impedance of a power receiving antenna unit that receives the power, has a plurality of power storage devices, measures impedance of a power storage device group that stores the power, and At least one of the power storage devices is sequentially switched as a candidate of the power storage device to which the power is supplied, and based on the difference between the impedance of the power storage device group for each candidate and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit Then, a power storage device that actually supplies the power is selected from the candidates, and the power is supplied to the selected power storage device.
- the figure which shows an example of the impedance control charge processing flow of the impedance control part in Embodiment 1 3A shows a difference recorded in the internal memory
- FIG. 3B shows management information
- FIG. 3C shows an example of accumulated impedance information.
- the figure which shows an example of the measurement recording processing flow of storage impedance The figure which shows the structure of the non-contact-type electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- the figure which shows an example of the acquisition processing flow of the electrical storage impedance information of an impedance control part 7A shows management information
- FIG. 7B shows accumulated impedance information
- FIG. 7C shows an example of a difference recorded in the internal memory.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a contactless power transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a contactless power transmission system 100 includes a contactless power transmission device 200 (hereinafter referred to as a power transmission device) that transmits power using radio and a contactless power reception that receives transmitted power.
- a device 300 (hereinafter referred to as a power receiving device) is provided. The electric power is supplied from the power transmission device 200 to the power reception device 300 in a contactless manner.
- the power transmission device 200 includes an AC power source 201, a power transmission antenna unit 202, a power measurement unit 203, and a wireless communication unit 204.
- the AC power supply 201 generates AC voltage W1.
- the AC power supply 201 outputs the generated AC voltage W1 to the power transmission antenna unit 202 and the power measurement unit 203.
- the AC power supply 201 includes a power supply that converts a direct current input from the direct current power supply into an alternating current using an oscillator or the like and outputs the alternating current.
- the power transmission antenna unit 202 generates an electromagnetic field when the AC voltage W1 output from the AC power source 201 is acquired.
- the power transmission antenna unit 202 is formed in a coil shape, for example.
- the power measuring unit 203 measures the AC voltage W1 output from the AC power supply 201 and the current flowing by the AC voltage W1, and outputs the power value calculated from these values to the wireless communication unit 204 as transmission power information. .
- the wireless communication unit 204 transmits the transmitted power information to the wireless communication unit 303 of the power receiving device 300 described later.
- the power receiving device 300 includes a power receiving antenna unit 301, a power measuring unit 302, a wireless communication unit 303, a power feeding efficiency calculating unit 304, a power receiving antenna impedance measuring unit 305, a rectifying unit 306, an impedance control unit 307, a power storage device group 310, and a power storage device.
- a device group impedance measurement unit 314 is provided.
- the impedance control unit 307 includes a selection unit 308 and a switching unit 309.
- the power storage device group 310 includes power storage devices 311, 312, and 313. Note that although three power storage devices are described, the present invention is not limited to this. There may be at least two power storage devices.
- the power receiving antenna unit 301 generates an induction voltage (alternating voltage) W2 by electromagnetic resonance with the electromagnetic field generated by the power transmission antenna unit 202 of the power transmission device 200. As a result, power is transmitted from the power transmitting device 200 to the power receiving device 300 in a contactless manner.
- the power receiving antenna unit 301 is formed in a coil shape, for example.
- the power measuring unit 302 measures the induced voltage W2 generated in the power receiving antenna unit 301 and the current flowing by the induced voltage W2, and uses the power value calculated from these values as the received power information to the power feeding efficiency calculating unit 304. Output.
- the wireless communication unit 303 receives the transmission power information transmitted from the power transmission apparatus 200 and outputs the transmission power information to the power supply efficiency calculation unit 304.
- the power supply efficiency calculation unit 304 acquires transmission power information from the wireless communication unit 303.
- the power supply efficiency calculation unit 304 acquires received power information from the power measurement unit 302. Then, the power supply efficiency calculation unit 304 calculates the power supply efficiency of the non-contact power transmission system 100 using these power information.
- the power supply efficiency may be obtained from the received power and an arbitrary coefficient.
- the power receiving antenna impedance measuring unit 305 measures the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301.
- the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 varies depending on the distance between the power transmitting antenna unit 202 of the power transmitting device 200 and the power receiving antenna unit 301 of the power receiving device 300 and the magnetic permeability of the space. Therefore, the power receiving antenna impedance measuring unit 305 periodically measures the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301. Then, the power receiving antenna impedance measuring unit 305 holds the measured value of the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 in the internal memory.
- the power reception antenna impedance measurement unit 305 outputs the measured value of the impedance of the power reception antenna unit 301 to the selection unit 308 as impedance information.
- the impedance information of the power receiving antenna unit 301 is hereinafter referred to as power receiving antenna impedance information.
- the rectifying unit 306 converts the induced voltage W2 into a DC voltage W3 suitable for charging the power storage device group 310.
- the rectifying unit 306 supplies the DC voltage W3 to the switching unit 309 of the impedance control unit 307.
- the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 store the DC voltage W ⁇ b> 3 supplied from the rectifying unit 306 via the switching unit 309.
- the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 are, for example, secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries) or capacitors.
- the term “power storage device” refers to any of the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313.
- the switching unit 309 switches the supply destination of the DC voltage W3 to any one of the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 based on a switching signal or a selection signal from the selection unit 308 described later.
- the storage device group impedance measurement unit 314 measures the impedance of the storage device group 310, respectively.
- the impedance of the power storage device group 310 varies depending on the remaining power of the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313.
- the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314 stores the measured value of the impedance of the power storage device group 310 in the internal memory. Then, in response to a request from the selection unit 308 of the impedance control unit 307, the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314 outputs the measurement value as impedance information of the power storage device group 310 to the selection unit 308.
- the impedance information of the power storage device group 310 is hereinafter referred to as power storage impedance information.
- the selection unit 308 generates a switching signal for designating any one of the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 that are candidates for the power storage device to which power is supplied, and measures the switching unit 309 and the power storage device group impedance measurement. To the unit 314. Then, the selection unit 308 acquires the impedance information (power storage impedance information) of the power storage device group 310 for each candidate from the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314. Then, selection unit 308 selects, from candidates, a power storage device that actually supplies DC voltage W3 input from rectification unit 306, based on the power receiving antenna impedance information and the storage impedance information for each candidate. Then, the selection unit 308 outputs a selection signal for supplying the DC voltage W3 to the selected candidate (power storage device) to the switching unit 309.
- the selection unit 308 acquires the impedance information (power storage impedance information) of the power storage device group 310 for each candidate from the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314. Then, selection
- the selection unit 308 switches the impedance of the power storage device group 310 by selecting a power storage device to be charged from the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 during charging.
- power reception device 300 suppresses a decrease in power supply efficiency by diverting the power storage device that stores power and switching the impedance. Therefore, this embodiment can efficiently store power even under various circumstances while suppressing an increase in circuit scale.
- the selection unit 308 has an internal memory. Then, the selection unit 308 records, in the internal memory, management information indicating power supply efficiency, power storage impedance information, and information (device ID and the like) of power storage devices included in the power storage device group 310. Then, selection unit 308 uses these pieces of information to select an optimal power storage device that actually supplies DC voltage W3. A method for selecting the optimum power storage device will be described later.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow in which the impedance control unit 307 performs charging while switching the power storage devices of the power storage device group 310.
- the selection unit 308 acquires the impedance information (power reception antenna impedance information) of the power reception antenna unit 301 from the power reception antenna impedance measurement unit 305 (step S401).
- the selection unit 308 acquires, from the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314, impedance information (power storage impedance information) of the power storage device group 310 when each candidate (power storage device) is charged with the DC voltage W3 (Step S308). S402).
- the selection unit 308 calculates the difference between the impedance of the power storage device group 310 for each candidate (power storage device) and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301, and records the difference in the internal memory (step S403).
- FIG. 3A shows an example of the difference that the selection unit 308 records in the internal memory. As illustrated in FIG. 3A, the difference between the impedance of the power storage device group 310 and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 is recorded in association with each candidate (power storage device).
- the selection unit 308 refers to the internal memory, and selects a candidate (power storage device) having the smallest difference between the impedance of the power storage device group 310 and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 as a power storage device to be supplied (charged). Select (step S404).
- FIG. 3A shows that the difference between the impedance of the power storage device group 310 and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 when the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 are the supply destinations is ⁇ Z 1, ⁇ Z 2 (> ⁇ Z 1 ), ⁇ Z 3 (> ⁇ Z 2 ).
- selecting unit 308 a power storage device 311 is selected as the supply destination of the power storage device.
- selection unit 308 outputs a selection signal to switching unit 309 so that DC voltage W3 is supplied to the selected power storage device, and charging of the power storage device selected as the supply destination is started (step S405). ).
- the selection unit 308 determines whether or not the degree of change in power supply efficiency is large (step S406).
- the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 changes when the distance or direction changes between the power transmitting antenna unit 202 and the power receiving antenna unit 301 or when the magnetic permeability of the space changes due to an obstacle. As the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 changes, the power supply efficiency changes.
- Case 1 changes the power supply efficiency gradually, whereas Case 2 changes the power supply efficiency more rapidly than Case 1.
- step S406 the selection unit 308 changes the power supply efficiency by comparing the newly acquired power supply efficiency value with the power supply efficiency value notified from the power supply efficiency calculation unit 304 and held in the internal memory. Determine the degree. Specifically, when these power supply efficiency values differ greatly, the selection unit 308 determines that the degree of change in power supply efficiency is large (step S406: YES).
- step S406 When the degree of change in power supply efficiency is large (step S406: YES), it is considered that the distance or direction has changed between the power transmitting antenna unit 202 and the power receiving antenna unit 301, or the magnetic permeability of the space has changed due to an obstacle. That is, in this case, it is considered that the power supply efficiency has changed due to the change in the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301. In this case, it is also possible to output a message that prompts the user to stop feeding or to avoid an obstacle or to correct a change in distance or direction between antennas.
- the selection unit 308 acquires the impedance information of the power receiving antenna unit 301 from the power receiving antenna impedance measurement unit 305 (step S407).
- step S406 when the degree of change in power supply efficiency is not large in step S406 (step S406: NO), the selection unit 308 skips step S407 and proceeds to step S408.
- step S406 by performing the determination process in step S406, the process in step S407 can be skipped when the power supply efficiency has changed for the reason of case 1. Therefore, the amount of processing can be reduced, and the time until power reception of all power storage devices can be shortened.
- step S408 the selection unit 308 acquires impedance information (power storage impedance information) of the power storage device group 310 as in step S402.
- the selection part 308 calculates the difference of each impedance of the electrical storage impedance information, and the impedance of the receiving antenna part 301 similarly to step S403, respectively, and records a difference in an internal memory (step S409).
- the selection unit 308 determines whether there is a power storage device that has a smaller difference than charging the power storage device that is currently charged (step). S410). In other words, the selection unit 308 determines whether or not there is a charging destination power storage device that provides the highest power supply efficiency.
- step S410 If there is a corresponding power storage device (step S410; YES), the selection unit 308 returns to the process of step S404 in order to switch the power storage device to be charged (supplied). When the corresponding power storage device is not found (step S410: NO), the selection unit 308 proceeds to step S411.
- step S411 the selection unit 308 determines whether charging of the currently charged power storage device has been completed. This determination is made based on, for example, whether or not the amount of current flowing into the power storage device is below a certain value. Specifically, when the amount of current flowing into the power storage device becomes equal to or less than a certain value, selection unit 308 determines that the power storage device is fully charged.
- the amount of current flowing into the power storage device is a predetermined value or less, it is described as “charging is completed”.
- step S411: NO When charging is not completed (step S411: NO), the selection unit 308 returns to the determination process of step S406. When the charging is completed (step S411: YES), the selection unit 308 proceeds to step S412.
- step S412 as in step S411, the selection unit 308 determines whether charging has been completed for all power storage devices. When charging has been completed for all the power storage devices (step S412: YES), the selection unit 308 ends the impedance control charging process in the selection unit 308. If charging has not yet been completed for all power storage devices (step S412: NO), the selection unit 308 returns to the process of step S402, and continues impedance control charging processing until charging is completed for all power storage devices. Do.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a processing flow until the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314 measures the impedance of the power storage device group 310 and records the storage impedance information therein.
- the selection unit 308 refers to the management information recorded in the internal memory, and selects one power storage device from the power storage devices included in the power storage device group 310 one by one as a candidate for the power storage device to be charged (step S501).
- FIG. 3B shows an example of management information.
- the management information in FIG. 3B includes power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 included in the power storage device group 310 and information indicating whether or not these power storage devices are selected as candidates.
- the candidate power storage devices are different, the impedance of the power storage device group 310 is different.
- the selection unit 308 outputs a switching signal to the switching unit 309 so that the DC voltage W3 generated by the rectifying unit 306 is input only to the power storage device selected as a candidate, and switches the circuit connection (step S502). ).
- the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314 measures the impedance of the power storage device group 310 for each candidate (step S503).
- the electrical storage apparatus group impedance measurement part 314 records the measured value on an internal memory for every candidate as electrical storage impedance information (step S504).
- FIG. 3C shows an example of the storage impedance information.
- the selection unit 308 determines whether or not impedance measurement has been completed for all candidates (power storage devices) (step S505).
- the selection unit 308 refers to the management information recorded in the internal memory, and when impedance measurement for all candidates has not been completed (step S505: NO), returns to the process of step S501. On the other hand, when impedance measurement has been completed for all candidates (step S505: YES), the selection unit 308 completes the process.
- impedance control unit 307 uses any one of a plurality of power storage devices in power storage device group 310 as a candidate of a power storage device to which power is supplied. , Switch sequentially. Then, based on the difference between the impedance of power storage device group 310 for each candidate and the impedance of power receiving antenna unit 301, impedance control unit 307 selects a power storage device that actually supplies power from the candidates. Furthermore, the impedance control unit 307 supplies power to the selected power storage device.
- the impedance control unit 307 preferentially selects a candidate having a small difference between the impedance of the power storage device group 310 for each candidate and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 as a power storage device that actually supplies power.
- the power storage device with the highest matching between the impedance of power storage device group 310 and the impedance of power receiving antenna unit 301 is preferentially selected as the power storage device to be supplied.
- charging is performed preferentially from a power storage device with high power supply efficiency.
- the impedance is switched by diverting the power storage device that stores the power generated in the power receiving antenna unit 301, so that the reduction in power supply efficiency is suppressed even under various circumstances while suppressing the increase in circuit scale. can do.
- the power generated in the power receiving antenna unit 301 can be supplied to the power storage device with high efficiency, and the charging time of the power storage device can be shortened.
- Embodiment 1 has described the case where one power storage device among a plurality of power storage devices included in a power storage device group is a candidate for a power supply destination. In this embodiment, a case where a combination including a plurality of power storage devices included in a power storage device group is a candidate for a power supply destination will be described.
- FIG. 5 shows a configuration of a contactless power transmission system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
- a contactless power transmission system 100 ⁇ / b> A in FIG. 5 includes a power receiving device 600 instead of the power receiving device 300.
- the impedance control unit 601 includes a selection unit 602 and a switching unit 309.
- step S402 the processing flow in which the impedance control unit 601 performs charging while controlling the impedance of the power storage device group 310 is the same as that in FIG.
- the processing flow of step S402 differs between the impedance control unit 307 and the impedance control unit 601. Therefore, the processing flow of step S402 in the impedance control unit 601 will be described below.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow in which the impedance control unit 601 acquires impedance information (power storage impedance information) of the power storage device group 310.
- the selection unit 602 selects, as power storage device candidates to be charged, one combination of power storage devices to be charged from the power storage devices included in the power storage device group 310 as candidates for the power storage device to which power is supplied. (Step S701). At that time, the selection unit 602 refers to the management information recorded in the internal memory, and selects a power storage device candidate to be supplied with power.
- FIG. 7A shows an example of management information.
- the management information in FIG. 7A includes information indicating combinations of power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 included in the power storage device group 310 and whether or not these combinations are selected as candidates. When the combinations of candidate power storage devices are different, the impedance of the power storage device group 310 is different.
- power storage devices are selected one by one as candidates for power supply destinations, whereas in this embodiment, one combination of power storage devices is selected as candidates.
- the selection unit 602 outputs a switching signal to the switching unit 309 so that the DC voltage W3 generated by the rectification unit 306 is input only to the power storage devices constituting the combination selected as a candidate, and connects the circuits. Switching (step S702).
- the power storage device group impedance measurement unit 314 measures the impedance of the power storage device group 310 for each candidate (step S703).
- FIG. 7B is a diagram illustrating an example of the storage impedance information.
- the selection unit 602 determines whether or not impedance measurement has been completed for all candidates (combination of power storage devices) (step S705).
- step S705 the selection unit 602 refers to the management information recorded in the internal memory, and when impedance measurement for all candidates has not been completed (step S705: NO), returns to the process of step S701. On the other hand, when impedance measurement has been completed for all candidates (step S705: YES), the selection unit 602 proceeds to step S706.
- the selection unit 602 acquires the storage impedance information recorded in the internal memory of the storage device group impedance measurement unit 314 (step S706). In this way, when acquiring the storage impedance information, the selection unit 602 proceeds to step S403 in FIG.
- FIG. 7C shows an example of the difference recorded in the internal memory by the selection unit 602 in step S403. As illustrated in FIG. 7C, the difference between the impedance of the power storage device group 310 and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 is recorded in association with each candidate (power storage device).
- the power receiving apparatus 600 proceeds to step S404 in FIG.
- impedance control unit 601 uses one of a plurality of power storage device combinations in power storage device group 310 as a power storage device candidate to supply power to. , Switch sequentially. Then, based on the difference between the impedance of power storage device group 310 for each candidate and the impedance of power receiving antenna unit 301, impedance control unit 601 selects a power storage device that actually supplies power from the candidates. And the impedance control part 601 supplies electric power to the selected electrical storage apparatus.
- the impedance control unit 601 preferentially selects a candidate having a small difference between the impedance of the power storage device group 310 for each candidate and the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 as a power storage device that actually supplies power.
- the power storage device with the highest matching between the impedance of power storage device group 310 and the impedance of power receiving antenna unit 301 is preferentially selected as the power storage device to be supplied.
- charging is performed preferentially from a power storage device with high power supply efficiency.
- the impedance can be switched using a power storage device that stores power generated in the power receiving antenna unit 301.
- the present embodiment can suppress a decrease in power supply efficiency even under various circumstances while suppressing an increase in circuit scale.
- the power generated in the power receiving antenna unit 301 can be supplied to the power storage device with high efficiency, and the charging time of the power storage device can be shortened.
- the power storage devices 311, 312, and 313 constituting the power storage device group 310 have three terminals for load, impedance measurement, and power feeding, respectively. In addition, you may serve as the terminal for load and impedance measurement.
- Each power storage device is connected to a load.
- the load selects and uses one of the three power storage devices.
- the load uses three power storage devices in parallel.
- the power storage device group 310 has a function of switching power storage devices that supply power when the remaining amount of power of the power storage devices that supply power decreases.
- the processing flow in which the impedance control unit 307 or the impedance control unit 601 performs charging while controlling the impedance of the power storage device group 310 is the same as in FIG.
- impedance measurement is performed in a state where the power storage devices constituting the power storage device group 310 are connected to a load.
- a load that uses power stored in the power storage device of power reception device 300 or power reception device 600 is connected.
- the power storage device having the best match between the impedance of power storage device group 310 and the impedance of power receiving antenna unit 301 is preferentially selected as the power storage device to be supplied.
- charging is performed preferentially from a power storage device with high power supply efficiency.
- the impedance can be switched using a power storage device that stores power generated in the power receiving antenna unit 301.
- the present embodiment can suppress a decrease in power supply efficiency even under various circumstances while suppressing an increase in circuit scale.
- the power generated in the power receiving antenna unit 301 can be supplied to the power storage device with high efficiency, and the charging time of the power storage device can be shortened.
- the impedance control unit includes the selection unit and the switching unit.
- the impedance control unit may be configured to perform the functions of the selection unit and the switching unit.
- the impedance control unit may combine the first and second embodiments and select the power storage devices one by one as the power supply destination candidates, or may select the power storage device combinations one by one. .
- the power receiving device increases the value of impedance that can be taken by the power storage device group, so that flexible impedance control is possible, and impedance matching is facilitated.
- the impedance control unit 307 acquires the impedance information of the power receiving antenna by using a trigger (start event, start timing) when the degree of change in power supply efficiency is large. That is, the impedance control unit 307 determines the timing for acquiring the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 from the power receiving antenna impedance measurement unit 305 based on the degree of change in power supply efficiency.
- the method for determining the trigger is not limited to this.
- the impedance control unit 307 may use a trigger (start event, start timing) when the amount of received power is simply reduced instead of the power supply efficiency.
- the impedance control unit 307 may determine the timing for acquiring the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 from the power receiving antenna impedance measurement unit 305 based on the degree of change in power.
- the power transmission device does not require the power measurement unit and the wireless communication unit.
- the power receiving apparatus does not need a wireless communication unit, and may include a power measurement unit that measures the amount of received power instead of the power supply efficiency calculation unit.
- the impedance control unit 307 can omit the process in step S406 of FIG. Thereby, the impedance control unit 307 may acquire the impedance of the power receiving antenna unit 301 from the power receiving antenna impedance measurement unit 305 at any time, periodically, at random time intervals, or at arbitrary time intervals.
- the power transmission device does not require the power measurement unit and the wireless communication unit.
- the power receiving apparatus does not require a wireless communication unit and a power supply efficiency calculation unit.
- the power receiving device may be configured such that the power storage device is configured only by the secondary battery.
- this invention can be easily applied also to the general apparatus which uses a secondary battery.
- the power receiving device may be configured such that the power storage device includes a secondary battery and a capacitor. Since the capacitor is lighter than the secondary battery, the power receiving device can be reduced in weight by using a capacitor in addition to the secondary battery as the plurality of power storage devices.
- the power storage device may be configured by a plurality of capacitors and a secondary battery connected to the plurality of capacitors.
- the capacitor can be charged in a shorter time than a secondary battery. Therefore, the power receiving device can reduce the time required for charging by temporarily storing all of the power supplied from the power receiving antenna unit in the capacitor, and then discharging the capacitor to charge the secondary battery.
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the present invention can be applied even when the power storage device group includes four or more power storage devices.
- each functional block such as a power feeding efficiency calculation unit, a power receiving antenna impedance measurement unit, an impedance control unit, and a power storage device impedance measurement unit is typically realized by an integrated circuit / LSI (Large Scale Integration). These may be individually made into one chip, or may be made into one chip so as to include a part or all of them. Note that an LSI may be referred to as an IC, a system LSI, a super LSI, or an ultra LSI depending on the degree of integration.
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- circuit integration is not limited to LSI's, and implementation using dedicated circuitry or general purpose processors is also possible.
- An FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and setting of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
- the power receiving device and the power receiving method according to the present invention are effective as a battery drive device that can supply power from a transmission device arranged in a vehicle, a facility, a power supply stand, or the like.
- the power receiving device and the power receiving method according to the present invention can also be applied to uses such as portable music players, tablets, smartphones, electronic book terminals and other portable devices, personal computers, and other devices operating on battery power.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る非接触型電力伝送システムの構成を示す。本実施の形態に係る非接触型電力伝送システム100は、無線を用いて電力を送電する非接触型電力送電装置200(以下、送電装置という)及び送電された電力を受電する非接触型電力受電装置300(以下、受電装置という)を備える。電力は、送電装置200から受電装置300に非接触で供給される。
充電が進むと共に、蓄電装置の電力残量が変化することにより、蓄電装置群310のインピーダンスが変化する。そして、蓄電装置群310のインピーダンスの変化に伴い、給電効率が徐々に変化する。
送電アンテナ部202と受電アンテナ部301の間で距離または方向が変化したり、障害物によって空間の透磁率が変化したりすることにより、受電アンテナ部301のインピーダンスが変化する。そして、受電アンテナ部301のインピーダンスの変化に伴い、給電効率が変化する。
実施の形態1は、蓄電装置群が有する複数の蓄電装置のうちの1つの蓄電装置が、電力の供給先の候補となる場合について説明した。本実施の形態は、蓄電装置群が有する複数の蓄電装置から構成される組合せが、電力の供給先の候補となる場合について説明する。
実施の形態1および実施の形態2では、蓄電装置群が負荷に接続されていない場合について説明した。本実施の形態は、蓄電装置群が負荷に接続されている場合について説明する。
200 送電装置
201 交流電源
202 送電アンテナ部
203 電力計測部
204 無線通信部
300、600 受電装置
301 受電アンテナ部
302 電力計測部
303 無線通信部
304 給電効率算出部
305 受電アンテナインピーダンス計測部
306 整流部
307、601 インピーダンス制御部
308、602 選択部
309 切替部
310 蓄電装置群
311、312、313 蓄電装置
314 蓄電装置群インピーダンス計測部
Claims (8)
- 電力を受電する受電アンテナ部と、
前記受電アンテナ部のインピーダンスを計測する第1のインピーダンス計測部と、
複数の蓄電装置を有し、前記電力を蓄積する蓄電装置群と、
前記蓄電装置群のインピーダンスを計測する第2のインピーダンス計測部と、
前記複数の蓄電装置の少なくとも1つを、前記電力を供給する供給先の蓄電装置の候補として、順次切り替え、前記候補ごとの前記蓄電装置群のインピーダンスと、前記受電アンテナ部のインピーダンスとの差分に基づいて、実際に前記電力を供給する蓄電装置を前記候補から選択し、選択した前記蓄電装置に前記電力を供給させる制御部と、
を具備する受電装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記蓄電装置群のインピーダンスと、前記受電アンテナ部のインピーダンスとの差分が小さい前記候補を、実際に前記電力を供給する蓄電装置として優先的に選択する、
請求項1に記載の受電装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記複数の蓄電装置のそれぞれを前記候補として設定する、
請求項1に記載の受電装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記複数の蓄電装置の組合せを前記候補として設定する、
請求項1に記載の受電装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記複数の蓄電装置のそれぞれ又は組合せを前記候補として設定する、
請求項1に記載の受電装置。 - 送信電力の情報を取得する通信部と、
前記電力と前記送信電力とを用いて、給電効率を算出する算出部、を更に具備し、
前記制御部は、前記給電効率の変化度に基づいて、前記第1のインピーダンス計測部から前記受電アンテナ部のインピーダンスを取得するタイミングを決定する、
請求項1に記載の受電装置。 - 前記電力を計測する計測部、を更に具備し、
前記制御部は、前記電力の変化度に基づいて、前記第1のインピーダンス計測部から前記受電アンテナ部のインピーダンスを取得するタイミングを決定する、
請求項1に記載の受電装置。 - 電力を受電し、
前記電力を受電する受電アンテナ部のインピーダンスを計測し、
複数の蓄電装置を有し、前記電力を蓄積する蓄電装置群のインピーダンスを計測し、
前記複数の蓄電装置の少なくとも1つを、前記電力を供給する供給先の蓄電装置の候補として、順次切り替え、
前記候補ごとの前記蓄電装置群のインピーダンスと、前記受電アンテナ部のインピーダンスとの差分に基づいて、実際に前記電力を供給する蓄電装置を前記候補から選択し、
選択した前記蓄電装置に前記電力を供給させる、
受電方法。
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US13/816,783 US9018901B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-23 | Electrical power receiving apparatus and electrical power receiving method |
JP2013503366A JPWO2012120809A1 (ja) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-23 | 受電装置及び受電方法 |
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JP2014212662A (ja) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-11-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | 送電装置およびその制御方法、電力伝送システム |
WO2016049550A1 (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-03-31 | Alpine Media | Methods and device for providing energy to systems on mobile units |
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JP2010183810A (ja) * | 2009-02-09 | 2010-08-19 | Toyota Industries Corp | 非接触電力伝送装置 |
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JP2002208495A (ja) * | 2001-01-12 | 2002-07-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 照明装置 |
JP2008086196A (ja) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-04-10 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 無線通信装置 |
JP2010183810A (ja) * | 2009-02-09 | 2010-08-19 | Toyota Industries Corp | 非接触電力伝送装置 |
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JP2016220307A (ja) * | 2015-05-15 | 2016-12-22 | 富士通株式会社 | 受電器、及び、充電システム |
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