WO2012117365A1 - Fluid machine - Google Patents

Fluid machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012117365A1
WO2012117365A1 PCT/IB2012/050963 IB2012050963W WO2012117365A1 WO 2012117365 A1 WO2012117365 A1 WO 2012117365A1 IB 2012050963 W IB2012050963 W IB 2012050963W WO 2012117365 A1 WO2012117365 A1 WO 2012117365A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade wheel
impeller
fluid
fluid machine
extra blade
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/050963
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Frantisek Kreidl
Original Assignee
Frantisek Kreidl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Frantisek Kreidl filed Critical Frantisek Kreidl
Publication of WO2012117365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012117365A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F02C3/10—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor with another turbine driving an output shaft but not driving the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K3/00—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan
    • F02K3/02—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber
    • F02K3/04—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type
    • F02K3/06—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type with front fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
    • F03B3/06—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines with adjustable blades, e.g. Kaplan turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
    • F05B2220/602—Application making use of surplus or waste energy with energy recovery turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
    • F05B2220/604—Application making use of surplus or waste energy for domestic central heating or production of electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/33—Shrouds which are part of or which are rotating with the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
    • F05D2220/62—Application making use of surplus or waste energy with energy recovery turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
    • F05D2220/64—Application making use of surplus or waste energy for domestic central heating or production of electricity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/50—Hydropower in dwellings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid machine having an impeller with a plurality of blades and including a fluid inlet room and a fluid outlet room.
  • a whirling motion also called vortex
  • the whirling motion consisting of a linear and rotational component is caused by rotation of the impeller blade wheel.
  • This phenomena is common to the impeller of a turbine converting the kinetic or pressure water energy to mechanical energy as well as to, for example, a dynamic machine with a blade wheel such as turbo-compressor which compresses gas flowing through the impeller.
  • the whirling motion of the fluid may also have an undesired effect, for example with a jet engine aircraft, where it causes a declination of the exhaust fumes stream from the aircraft longitudinal axis behind the outlet tube exit plane due to a lateral force component of the vortex, what may cause a reduction of the total axial effective engine thrust.
  • US 5261787 describes a device for directing water stream behind a turbine impeller by means of a cone that may be even forcibly rotated in order to reduce water surges and vibration of the turbine.
  • US 4175640 discloses a system for internal mixing of hot primary exhaust flow with cool fan flow for reducing jet noise in a turbofan engine.
  • Another solutions for directing the exhaust flow used frequently with the jet engines represents a system of fixed blades placed in fan air passageway behind the fan impeller.
  • the fixed blades shall avoid rotational motion of the air behind the fan impeller and enable to use the axial air flow for directing the nozzle outlet fumes straight forward to avoid the undesired divergence of the exhaust fumes stream.
  • the primary object of the invention is to provide a fluid machine comprising means for exploiting the rotational energy of the whirling motion of the fluid generated behind the impeller.
  • Another object of the invention is to use such means for directing the fluid flow behind the impeller.
  • the object of this invention can be achieved by a fluid machine having an impeller with a plurality of blades and including a fluid inlet room and a fluid outlet room where an extra blade wheel rotatably mounted independent of the rotation of the impeller is located on the downstream side of the impeller and this extra blade wheel is associated with a device for conversion of the blade wheel kinetic energy into the electric or pressure energy.
  • the extra blade wheel is located at the distance equal to 0.2 up to 2 multiple of the outside diameter of the impeller.
  • the position of blades of the extra blade wheel with respect to the fluid stream is controlled by an adjusting mechanism.
  • the device for conversion of the kinetic energy is an electric generator or a hydraulic pump.
  • the impeller is a fan of an air bypass turbojet engine and the blade of the extra blade wheel are located in the air bypass channel.
  • the extra blade wheel comprises a hub carrying a rotor of an electric generator and rotatably mounted on a hollow journal fixed to the engine body and including a stator of the electric generator.
  • the impeller is a runner wheel of a water turbine.
  • the outer ends of the blades of the extra blade wheel are attached to a watertight sealed ring for receiving a rotor of an electric generator carried in bearings incorporated in a turbine clothing together with a stator of the electric generator.
  • the extra blade wheel arranged downstream the impeller enables to acquire additional usable source of kinetic energy, which is susceptible to conversion by conventional methods into electric or pressure energy.
  • Another advantage of the fluid engine according to the invention resides in the possibility to set optimal characteristics of the fluid flow downstream the impeller. Still another advantage is that the flow characteristics may be adjusted interactively by application of a blade adjusting mechanism.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bypass turbojet engine
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass turbojet engine taken along line A-A of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the bypass turbojet engine
  • Fig. 4 is cross-sectional view of a horizontally situated axial flow turbine
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of vertically situated Kaplan turbine with an impeller and without a guide wheel;
  • Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the extra blade wheel taken along line B-B of Fig. 5.
  • a bypass turbojet engine in a simple embodiment with one aerodynamically formed shaft 1 and one exhaust fluid driven turbine 15 is shown in a cross-sectional front view in Fig. 1 and in a perspective cross-sectional view in Fig. 3.
  • the shaft 15 is rotatably mounted in an engine body 5 and its front part bears an impeller - in this example a fan 12 whose blades extend by their outer ends close to a clothing wall 4 surrounding the engine body 5. Downstream the fan, the shaft further carries blades of an axial multistage compressor 14.
  • Combustion chambers 52 are disposed along the perimeter of the medium part of the shaft 1 while the rear engine part includes a blades of a turbine 15 also carried by the shaft 1 and followed by the outlet cone defining an annular space of an exit nozzle 51.
  • An annular air bypass channel 41 is formed between the inner wall of the clothing 4 and the engine body 5. As shown in Fig. 2 and 3, blades of an extra blade wheel 2 extend into the bypass channel 41 at a distance of approximately 0.25 multiples of the diameter of the fan 12.
  • a hub 21 of the extra blade wheel 2 is mounted on a bearing 32 fitted to a hollow journal 31, which is secured to the engine body 5.
  • the hub 21 includes a rotor assembly of an electric generator and the hollow shaft 31 includes a corresponding stator assembly of this electric generator.
  • a portion of air compressed by the fan 12 is directed into the axial compressor stage while the other portion of air flows through the bypass channel 41 so that in the exit nozzle both streams are mixed to generate the engine thrust.
  • the blades of the extra blade wheel 2 are situated parallel to the engine longitudinal axis and are activated by a radial or rotational component of the stream vortex generated downstream the fan 12.
  • the mechanical energy of the rotating extra blade wheel 2 is converted by the generator to electrical energy which may be used for feeding various electrical appliances of the engine powered machine, for example an aircraft.
  • the above embodiment of the invention is described by way of example only and do not exclude another positioning of the blade wheel 2, for example in the area of the engine exit nozzle 51.
  • the blades of the extra blade wheel may have an aerodynamic shape and further associated with a mechanism for adjusting their position with respect to the direction of the fluid stream.
  • FIG. 4 Another example of the application of an extra blade wheel to a fluid engine in the form of water turbine is illustrated in a simplified view in absence of a guide wheel in Fig. 4.
  • a horizontally situated impeller - water S- turbine runner wheel 61 coupled with an electric generator 62 is situated within the turbine clothing 8 in the entrance tube with the water flow direction denoted by arrow 82.
  • an extra blade wheel 7 Downstream the runner wheel 61, an extra blade wheel 7 is located at a distance equal to a diameter of the runner wheel 61.
  • the extra blade wheel 7 is mounted on a common shaft 75 together with an auxiliary generator 76.
  • the distance between the runner wheel 61 and the extra blade wheel 7 is dependent inter alia on the density and the velocity of the liquid, cross-sections ratio etc.
  • the extra blade wheel 7 for driving of the auxiliary generator 76 is actuated by a rotational power component of the vortex generated by the runner wheel 61.
  • FIG. 5 and Fig. 6 A more detailed view of another, in this case vertical arrangement of a water turbine of a Kaplan turbine type is shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
  • the turbine is also illustrated in a simplified form without a guide wheel.
  • the impeller - runner wheel 61 of the turbine is born by a shaft 6 arranged in a vertical position inside a turbine clothing 8.
  • am extra blade wheel 7 is situated under the turbine.
  • the blades of the extra blade wheel are embedded by their outer ends in a peripheral ring 72 and by their inner ends in a central ring 78.
  • the peripheral ring 72 is carried in a tapered roller bearing 73.
  • a winding assembly of a rotor 71 of a generator is arranged along the perimeter of the peripheral ring 72.
  • the winding of a corresponding stator 81 of the generator is built in opposite to it, in the turbine clothing 8.
  • the generator is watertight sealed towards the internal room of the clothing 8 by a package 74.
  • the blades are mounted on pivots 77 fixed in the peripheral ring 72 and are associated with a non-illustrated adjusting mechanism.
  • the extra blade wheel 7 powering the rotor 71 of the generator is actuated by rotational force component of the vortex generated by the runner wheel 61.
  • the blade adjusting mechanism enables optimal regulation of the speed of the extra blade wheel 7 and simultaneously adjusting the characteristics of water flow in the draft tube downstream the extra blade wheel 7.
  • the foregoing examples of the embodiment of the invention do not limit the described process of conversion of the extra blade wheel kinetic energy to electric energy.
  • the electric generator may be substituted by another device for conversion of the blade wheel kinetic energy.
  • a hydraulic pump instead of an auxiliary generator 76 in Fig. 4 a hydraulic pump may be utilized as a source of pressure energy.
  • the cross-sectional area of the clothing in the area of blade wheel may be enlarged to eliminate the change in the flow rate in the blade wheel due to a passive elements of the blade wheel supporting structure, etc.
  • the extra blade wheel structure according to the invention may be applied to all fluid machines with a impeller actuated by kinetic or pressure fluid energy, such as water or gas turbines or fluid machines generating the kinetic energy by means of a power unit such blowers, suction or pressure fans etc.
  • a impeller actuated by kinetic or pressure fluid energy such as water or gas turbines or fluid machines generating the kinetic energy by means of a power unit such blowers, suction or pressure fans etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

A fluid machine having an impeller (12; 61) with a plurality of blades and including a fluid inlet room and a fluid outlet room wherein an extra blade wheel (2; 7) rotatably mounted independent of the rotation of the impeller (12; 61) is located on the downstream side of the impeller (12; 61) and this extra blade wheel (2; 7) is associated with a device for conversion of the blade wheel kinetic energy into electric or pressure energy. T he impeller is a fan (12) of an air bypass turbojet engine or a runner wheel (61) of a water turbine and the device for conversion of the kinetic energy is an electric generator or a hydraulic pump.

Description

Fluid machine Technical Field
The invention relates to a fluid machine having an impeller with a plurality of blades and including a fluid inlet room and a fluid outlet room.
 Background Art
One of characteristic features of all fluid machines with an impeller and fluid inlet and outlet room is a whirling motion, also called vortex, of the fluid such as liquid, air or another gas in the outlet room of the machine and continuing downstream the outlet tube exit plane. The whirling motion consisting of a linear and rotational component is caused by rotation of the impeller blade wheel. This phenomena is common to the impeller of a turbine converting the kinetic or pressure water energy to mechanical energy as well as to, for example, a dynamic machine with a blade wheel such as turbo-compressor which compresses gas flowing through the impeller. The whirling motion of the fluid may also have an undesired effect, for example with a jet engine aircraft, where it causes a declination of the exhaust fumes stream from the aircraft longitudinal axis behind the outlet tube exit plane due to a lateral force component of the vortex, what may cause a reduction of the total axial effective engine thrust.
In the prior art certain mechanisms for directing the fluid stream are disclosed. For example US 5261787 describes a device for directing water stream behind a turbine impeller by means of a cone that may be even forcibly rotated in order to reduce water surges and vibration of the turbine.
US 4175640 discloses a system for internal mixing of hot primary exhaust flow with cool fan flow for reducing jet noise in a turbofan engine.
Another solutions for directing the exhaust flow used frequently with the jet engines represents a system of fixed blades placed in fan air passageway behind the fan impeller. The fixed blades shall avoid rotational motion of the air behind the fan impeller and enable to use the axial air flow for directing the nozzle outlet fumes straight forward to avoid the undesired divergence of the exhaust fumes stream.
 Technical Problem
The primary object of the invention is to provide a fluid machine comprising means for exploiting the rotational energy of the whirling motion of the fluid generated behind the impeller.
Another object of the invention is to use such means for directing the fluid flow behind the impeller.
 Technical Solution
The object of this invention can be achieved by a fluid machine having an impeller with a plurality of blades and including a fluid inlet room and a fluid outlet room where an extra blade wheel rotatably mounted independent of the rotation of the impeller is located on the downstream side of the impeller and this extra blade wheel is associated with a device for conversion of the blade wheel kinetic energy into the electric or pressure energy.
Hereinafter, other advantageous embodiments of the invention are described that develop or specify in more details its essential features but without limiting the scope of the invention.
The extra blade wheel is located at the distance equal to 0.2 up to 2 multiple of the outside diameter of the impeller.
The position of blades of the extra blade wheel with respect to the fluid stream is controlled by an adjusting mechanism.
The device for conversion of the kinetic energy is an electric generator or a hydraulic pump.
The impeller is a fan of an air bypass turbojet engine and the blade of the extra blade wheel are located in the air bypass channel.
The extra blade wheel comprises a hub carrying a rotor of an electric generator and rotatably mounted on a hollow journal fixed to the engine body and including a stator of the electric generator.
The impeller is a runner wheel of a water turbine.
The outer ends of the blades of the extra blade wheel are attached to a watertight sealed ring for receiving a rotor of an electric generator carried in bearings incorporated in a turbine clothing together with a stator of the electric generator.
 Advantageous Effects
The extra blade wheel arranged downstream the impeller enables to acquire additional usable source of kinetic energy, which is susceptible to conversion by conventional methods into electric or pressure energy. Another advantage of the fluid engine according to the invention resides in the possibility to set optimal characteristics of the fluid flow downstream the impeller. Still another advantage is that the flow characteristics may be adjusted interactively by application of a blade adjusting mechanism.
 Description of Drawings
Certain of the possible embodiments of the invention are further described by way of examples with reference to the related schematic drawings. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bypass turbojet engine;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass turbojet engine taken along line A-A of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the bypass turbojet engine;
Fig. 4 is cross-sectional view of a horizontally situated axial flow turbine;
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of vertically situated Kaplan turbine with an impeller and without a guide wheel;
Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the extra blade wheel taken along line B-B of Fig. 5.
 Mode for Invention
The following examples represent various embodiments of the fluid machine according to the invention, whereby the identical or nearly identical components as for their function and purpose may bear the same referring numerals.
A bypass turbojet engine in a simple embodiment with one aerodynamically formed shaft 1 and one exhaust fluid driven turbine 15 is shown in a cross-sectional front view in Fig. 1 and in a perspective cross-sectional view in Fig. 3. The shaft 15 is rotatably mounted in an engine body 5 and its front part bears an impeller - in this example a fan 12 whose blades extend by their outer ends close to a clothing wall 4 surrounding the engine body 5. Downstream the fan, the shaft further carries blades of an axial multistage compressor 14. Combustion chambers 52 are disposed along the perimeter of the medium part of the shaft 1 while the rear engine part includes a blades of a turbine 15 also carried by the shaft 1 and followed by the outlet cone defining an annular space of an exit nozzle 51. An annular air bypass channel 41 is formed between the inner wall of the clothing 4 and the engine body 5. As shown in Fig. 2 and 3, blades of an extra blade wheel 2 extend into the bypass channel 41 at a distance of approximately 0.25 multiples of the diameter of the fan 12. A hub 21 of the extra blade wheel 2 is mounted on a bearing 32 fitted to a hollow journal 31, which is secured to the engine body 5. The hub 21 includes a rotor assembly of an electric generator and the hollow shaft 31 includes a corresponding stator assembly of this electric generator.
A portion of air compressed by the fan 12 is directed into the axial compressor stage while the other portion of air flows through the bypass channel 41 so that in the exit nozzle both streams are mixed to generate the engine thrust. The blades of the extra blade wheel 2 are situated parallel to the engine longitudinal axis and are activated by a radial or rotational component of the stream vortex generated downstream the fan 12. The mechanical energy of the rotating extra blade wheel 2 is converted by the generator to electrical energy which may be used for feeding various electrical appliances of the engine powered machine, for example an aircraft.
The above embodiment of the invention is described by way of example only and do not exclude another positioning of the blade wheel 2, for example in the area of the engine exit nozzle 51. The blades of the extra blade wheel may have an aerodynamic shape and further associated with a mechanism for adjusting their position with respect to the direction of the fluid stream.
Another example of the application of an extra blade wheel to a fluid engine in the form of water turbine is illustrated in a simplified view in absence of a guide wheel in Fig. 4. A horizontally situated impeller - water S- turbine runner wheel 61 coupled with an electric generator 62 is situated within the turbine clothing 8 in the entrance tube with the water flow direction denoted by arrow 82. Downstream the runner wheel 61, an extra blade wheel 7 is located at a distance equal to a diameter of the runner wheel 61. The extra blade wheel 7 is mounted on a common shaft 75 together with an auxiliary generator 76. The distance between the runner wheel 61 and the extra blade wheel 7 is dependent inter alia on the density and the velocity of the liquid, cross-sections ratio etc. The extra blade wheel 7 for driving of the auxiliary generator 76 is actuated by a rotational power component of the vortex generated by the runner wheel 61.
A more detailed view of another, in this case vertical arrangement of a water turbine of a Kaplan turbine type is shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. The turbine is also illustrated in a simplified form without a guide wheel. The impeller - runner wheel 61 of the turbine is born by a shaft 6 arranged in a vertical position inside a turbine clothing 8. Under the turbine, am extra blade wheel 7 is situated. The blades of the extra blade wheel are embedded by their outer ends in a peripheral ring 72 and by their inner ends in a central ring 78. The peripheral ring 72 is carried in a tapered roller bearing 73. A winding assembly of a rotor 71 of a generator is arranged along the perimeter of the peripheral ring 72. The winding of a corresponding stator 81 of the generator is built in opposite to it, in the turbine clothing 8. The generator is watertight sealed towards the internal room of the clothing 8 by a package 74. The blades are mounted on pivots 77 fixed in the peripheral ring 72 and are associated with a non-illustrated adjusting mechanism. As in the preceding example, the extra blade wheel 7 powering the rotor 71 of the generator is actuated by rotational force component of the vortex generated by the runner wheel 61. The blade adjusting mechanism enables optimal regulation of the speed of the extra blade wheel 7 and simultaneously adjusting the characteristics of water flow in the draft tube downstream the extra blade wheel 7.
The foregoing examples of the embodiment of the invention do not limit the described process of conversion of the extra blade wheel kinetic energy to electric energy. The electric generator may be substituted by another device for conversion of the blade wheel kinetic energy. For example, instead of an auxiliary generator 76 in Fig. 4 a hydraulic pump may be utilized as a source of pressure energy. The cross-sectional area of the clothing in the area of blade wheel may be enlarged to eliminate the change in the flow rate in the blade wheel due to a passive elements of the blade wheel supporting structure, etc.
 Industrial Applicability
The extra blade wheel structure according to the invention may be applied to all fluid machines with a impeller actuated by kinetic or pressure fluid energy, such as water or gas turbines or fluid machines generating the kinetic energy by means of a power unit such blowers, suction or pressure fans etc.

Claims (1)

1. A fluid machine having an impeller (12; 61) with a plurality of blades and including a fluid inlet room and a fluid outlet room characterized in that an extra blade wheel (2; 7) rotatably mounted independent of the rotation of the impeller (12; 61) is located on the downstream side of the impeller (12; 61) and this extra blade wheel (2; 7) is associated with a device for conversion of the extra blade wheel kinetic energy into electric or pressure energy.
2. The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein the extra blade wheel (2; 7) is located at the distance equal to 0.2 up to 2 multiple of the outside diameter of the impeller (12; 61).
3. The fluid machine of claims 1 or 2, wherein t he position of blades of the extra blade wheel with respect to the fluid stream is controlled by an adjusting mechanism.
4. The fluid machine of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the device for conversion of the kinetic energy is an electric generator or a hydraulic pump.
5. The fluid machine of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein t he impeller is a fan (12) of an air bypass turbojet engine and the blades of the extra blade wheel (2) are located in the air bypass channel (41).
6. The fluid machine of claim 5, wherein the extra blade wheel (2) comprises a hub (21) carrying a rotor of an electric generator and rotatably mounted on a hollow journal (31) fixed to the engine body (5) and including a stator of the electric generator.
7. The fluid machine of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein t he impeller is a runner wheel (61) of a water turbine.
8. The fluid machine of claim 7, wherein t he outer ends of the blades of the extra blade wheel (7) are attached to a watertight sealed peripheral ring (72) for receiving a rotor (71) of an electric generator and carried in bearings (73) incorporated in a turbine clothing (8) together with a stator (81) of the electric generator.
PCT/IB2012/050963 2011-03-02 2012-03-01 Fluid machine WO2012117365A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ20110107A CZ2011107A3 (en) 2011-03-02 2011-03-02 Vane machine
CZPV2011-107 2011-03-02

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CN107355314A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-11-17 刘雨棣 It is segmented tandem electric rotor fanjet and its control method
CN110107426A (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-08-09 中国航空发动机研究院 Across the medium flight device power device shared based on combustion chamber between grade and turbine water sky
JP2019210922A (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-12 株式会社東芝 Energy recovery device for hydraulic machine, hydraulic machine, and operation method for hydraulic machine

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CN113513801B (en) * 2021-04-20 2022-09-27 深圳博强建设开发有限公司 New energy-saving building with air conditioning function

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US4175640A (en) 1975-03-31 1979-11-27 Boeing Commercial Airplane Company Vortex generators for internal mixing in a turbofan engine
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CH316900A (en) * 1953-04-15 1956-10-31 Escher Wyss Ag Hydroelectric machine system with counter-rotating impellers
US4175640A (en) 1975-03-31 1979-11-27 Boeing Commercial Airplane Company Vortex generators for internal mixing in a turbofan engine
US5261787A (en) 1992-01-17 1993-11-16 Impsa International, Inc. Water turbines and water flow transition members therefor
DE4320180A1 (en) * 1992-06-19 1993-12-23 Antonio Artinano Rotor unit for axial flow turbo-engine - with constant profile variation of fluid passage between rotor core and outer jacket
US20070169462A1 (en) * 2004-01-31 2007-07-26 John Sharp Gas turbine, especially an aircraft engine
JP2008014202A (en) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-24 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Hydraulic power generating device
WO2009153124A2 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine motor with at least two rotors

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107355314A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-11-17 刘雨棣 It is segmented tandem electric rotor fanjet and its control method
JP2019210922A (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-12 株式会社東芝 Energy recovery device for hydraulic machine, hydraulic machine, and operation method for hydraulic machine
CN110107426A (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-08-09 中国航空发动机研究院 Across the medium flight device power device shared based on combustion chamber between grade and turbine water sky

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