WO2012100426A1 - 生态移动容器 - Google Patents

生态移动容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012100426A1
WO2012100426A1 PCT/CN2011/070750 CN2011070750W WO2012100426A1 WO 2012100426 A1 WO2012100426 A1 WO 2012100426A1 CN 2011070750 W CN2011070750 W CN 2011070750W WO 2012100426 A1 WO2012100426 A1 WO 2012100426A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
water
water storage
drainage
root
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PCT/CN2011/070750
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
柯思征
Original Assignee
上海中卉生态科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 上海中卉生态科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海中卉生态科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2011/070750 priority Critical patent/WO2012100426A1/zh
Priority to US13/980,859 priority patent/US9125348B2/en
Publication of WO2012100426A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012100426A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/033Flat containers for turf, lawn or the like, e.g. for covering roofs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combined ecological mobile planting container, in particular to an ecological moving container for planting trees, shrubs, lawns, vegetables and fruits for building greening and energy saving, square roads, temporary installations and the like.
  • the lower part of the conventional planting container has a drainage system and a drainage channel, and includes a container body and a drainage block (sag portion); the bottom of the container body is provided with a drainage ventilation groove and a water storage tank, and the drainage ventilation groove leads to the outside of the container body.
  • the side wall of the water storage tank is provided with a plurality of overflow ports communicating with the drainage ventilation grooves; the drainage resistance root plate is disposed above the drainage ventilation groove of the container body and the water storage tank, and the position opposite to the water storage tank is set. There are several through holes. Because of the setting of the water storage tank, the water is first stored in the water storage tank instead of being directly discharged.
  • the conventional planting container combination mainly relies on the lower groove of the lower cross of the container and the water permeable hole above the tank body to realize the function of drainage, ventilation and water storage of the container body. There is no other function that can be used for insulation outside the substrate and plants. Insulation can not be achieved and there is no built-in irrigation system. Moreover, the conventional planting container structure is relatively simple, and the single container only needs to be installed with a cross-shaped gap strip above the groove, which is inconvenient to assemble.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an architectural greening ecological moving container with good thermal insulation effect and automatic irrigation.
  • the invention relates to an ecological moving container, which is mainly composed of an insulation layer, a drainage channel, a water storage layer, a root block layer and a drainage filter layer; the heat insulation layer is the bottom layer, the water storage layer and the root block.
  • the layer and the drainage filter layer are sequentially superposed on the thermal insulation layer; the drainage trough is installed on the side of the thermal insulation layer; the aquifer is composed of a water storage bottom plate, a side frame, a water storage tank, an overflow, and a drainage
  • the hole is composed of a water storage tank, a water overflow opening and a drainage hole.
  • the side frame is composed of four side walls, and four side walls are respectively disposed around the water storage bottom plate to form a peripheral closed frame.
  • the invention further includes a surrounding panel that is fastened to the top of the side frame of the aquifer to form an open receiving space.
  • the invention further includes a water pipe, and a through hole for allowing the water pipe to penetrate is opened at opposite corners of the side frame, and the water pipe penetrates into the side frame along the through holes at two diagonal corners of the side frame, and the water pipe is inserted into the side frame.
  • a plurality of irrigation overflow holes are formed in the pipe wall of the water pipe.
  • the thermal insulation layer is composed of an insulated bottom plate, an inner frame and side plates; wherein the thickness of the thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation layer can be adjusted according to the specific building condition and climate, and the rectangular inner frame is mounted on the insulated bottom plate.
  • the surface has a certain distance between the two sides of the inner frame and the side of the heat insulation bottom plate, and the segment constitutes the side plate;
  • the drainage groove has two sections, which are respectively installed on the heat insulation floor of the thermal insulation layer The two sections of the side panel, and the two sections of the drain groove intersect.
  • the root-blocking layer comprises a root-blocking bottom plate, a water-conducting station, a water-storing hole, a root-blocking filter tank, and a water-permeable hole; and a water-transporting station, a water-storing hole, a root-blocking filter tank and a water-permeable hole are arranged on the root-blocking bottom plate.
  • the drainage filter layer is provided with a water channel opposite to the water conveyance station, the water storage hole and the root-blocking filter tank on the root-blocking layer.
  • the present invention also includes a planting substrate layer that is placed in an accommodation space formed by the side panels of the containment panels and the aquifer.
  • the insulation layer material uses a high-density building insulation material, which is an excellent thermal insulation material on the building, and has high density, Sound insulation effect is good, not easy to burn, non-toxic and harmless.
  • An automatic drip irrigation system (water pipe) is inserted in the middle of the container to automatically replenish water.
  • only two sides have drainage grooves which are mutually joined, and a plurality of planting containers are connected together to realize a combined form of sheets. The drainage is discharged from all sides, and the structure is simpler, which improves the production efficiency of the product, reduces the production cost, and saves water.
  • the present invention also includes planting substrates and plants, and is formulated into a light planting substrate through a nutrient substrate application test.
  • the plants are 60-70 ° C according to the summer temperature of the building roof, and several degrees Celsius in the winter at a temperature of 10 ° C in different regions.
  • the selection of high drought tolerance, heat resistance, and resistance to thinness can achieve its own renewal and natural reproduction, and can achieve evergreen throughout the year.
  • the invention can be applied to various low-carbon environmental protection and energy-saving fields of buildings, can effectively reduce building energy consumption, change building environment landscape, improve building microclimate, reduce environmental pollution, solidify carbon and oxygen, increase green viewing rate, and protect buildings.
  • the roof is frequently damaged by cold and warm shrinkage and the waterproof layer is damaged by direct sunlight, which prolongs the service life of the building.
  • the container is novel in design, capable of storing a large amount of water, and expelling excess rainwater quickly. It can also be discharged from a well-permeable substrate through a drainage channel under heavy rain conditions.
  • the system has anti-typhoon capability.
  • the substrate is made of soilless culture technology, formulated according to plant characteristics, contains a water-retaining matrix and sufficient nutrients, and the matrix can absorb a large amount of rainwater.
  • the building energy-saving greening system includes the automatic drip irrigation system of the water pipeline, which can replenish the water needed for plant growth under the condition of long-term water shortage.
  • the temperature When the temperature is high, it can reduce the internal surface temperature of the building by 4-5 degrees and reduce the heat transfer capacity of the roof. 80%, saving 0.2 degrees per square per day. It can be combined with mobile and realizes extensive management. It is the only innovative system for building greening and energy saving technology at home and abroad.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the combination of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the application of the combination of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an application isometric view of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the application of the present invention.
  • Figure 6A is a perspective view of the thermal insulation layer of the present invention.
  • Figure 6B is a perspective view of the thermal insulation layer and the drainage trough of the present invention.
  • Figure 6C is an isometric view of the drain groove of the present invention.
  • Figure 6D is a schematic view showing the connection of a plurality of drainage channels of the present invention.
  • 7A and 7B are a top perspective view and a bottom view of the aquifer of the present invention.
  • 8A and 8B are a plan view and a bottom view of the rooting layer of the present invention.
  • Figure 9A is a perspective view of the drainage filter layer of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9B is a schematic view showing the installation of the drainage filter layer of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of a closure panel of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the implant substrate layer of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of a plant grown in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 and Fig. 2 it is a rear perspective view of the eco-moving container of the present invention, which is composed of four planting containers 10, which are connected to each other and the drain port outlets are facing outward.
  • an ecological moving container 10 of the present invention mainly comprises an insulating layer 1, a draining groove 2, a water storage layer 3, a rooting layer 4, a drainage filter layer 5, a water pipe 6, and a sealing plate. 7 and planting matrix layer 8 composition.
  • the heat insulating layer 1 is the bottom layer, and the water storage layer 3, the root blocking layer 4, and the drainage filter layer 5 are sequentially superposed on the heat insulating layer 1; the drain groove 2 is installed on the heat insulating layer 1 Side.
  • the thermal insulation layer 1 can adjust the thickness according to the condition of the building itself and the climatic conditions.
  • the aquifer 3 is composed of a water storage floor 31, a side frame 32, a water storage tank 33, a water overflow port 34, and a drain hole 35.
  • a water storage tank 33, a water overflow port 34, and a drain hole 35 are provided in the water storage floor 31.
  • the side frame 32 is composed of four side walls, and four side walls are respectively disposed around the water storage bottom plate 31 to form a peripheral closed frame, and the water pipes are opened at opposite corners of the side frame 32. 6 through hole 321.
  • a rib 36 and a buckle 37 are provided at the bottom.
  • the aquifer 3 is installed on the thermal insulation layer 1 (refer to FIG. 3), and the middle portion is filled with water, and the excess water is stored in a concave portion of the left side of the left side as shown in the figure.
  • the water tank 33 and the circular drain hole 35 are exuded and drained in time.
  • the surrounding panel 7 (shown in FIG. 10) is fastened to the top of the side frame 32 of the aquifer 3 to form an upwardly open accommodating space; the water pipe constituting the drip irrigation system. 6
  • the through holes 321 in the two diagonals of the side frame 32 penetrate into the side frame 32, and a plurality of irrigation overflow holes 61 are opened in the pipe wall of the water pipe 6.
  • the planting substrate layer 8 (shown in FIG. 11) is placed in the accommodating space formed by the side panel 32 of the surrounding panel 7 and the aquifer 3 .
  • the panel 7 is used for container planting to meet the substrate thickness required for different plants to meet the various components of the layer stack and to accommodate more of the implant substrate layer 8 thickness.
  • the heat insulating layer 1 is composed of a heat insulating bottom plate 11, an inner frame 12 and side plates 13; a rectangular inner frame 12 is mounted on the upper surface of the heat insulating bottom plate 11, and the inner frame 12 is
  • the two sides have a certain distance from the side of the heat insulation floor 11 , and the section constitutes the side plate 13;
  • the drainage groove 2 has two sections 21 and 22 respectively installed in the thermal insulation layer 1
  • the two sections of the side plate 13 of the hot floor 11 are crossed, and the two sections of the drainage grooves 21, 22 cross each other.
  • the drain connection cross 23 simultaneously connects a plurality of identical single container drain grooves 2 (refer to FIG. 6D) to complete the drainage on both sides of the unit container.
  • the rooting layer 4 includes a root block bottom plate 41, a water transfer table 42, a water storage hole 43, a root block filter groove 44, and a water permeable hole 45.
  • a water transfer table 42, a water storage hole 43, and a root filter groove 44 are provided on the root block bottom plate 41.
  • the rooting layer 4 is mounted on the aquifer 3 (shown in FIG. 3), wherein the water storage hole 43 and the root filter tank 44 are configured to receive moisture and penetrate into the lower aquifer 3, and The effect of blocking the roots.
  • the water permeable holes 45 on the upper right side are used to transmit water.
  • the rear reinforcing feet support the space, increase the load bearing and strengthen the connection between the two layers.
  • a reinforcing rib 46 is provided on the back surface of the root preventing bottom plate 41.
  • the drainage filter layer 5 is provided with a water channel 51 opposite to the water conveyance table 42, the water storage hole 43, and the root-blocking filter groove 44 on the rooting layer 4.
  • the drainage filter layer 5 is mounted on the root-blocking layer 4 (refer to FIG. 3) to further enhance drainage, filtration, and rooting of the container.
  • a drought-tolerant and cold-tolerant plant 9 is planted in the planting container 10.
  • the planting substrate layer 8 of the present invention is 57% of peat soil, 30% of coco peat, 6% of river sand, 2.2% of vermiculite, and 4.8% of perlite.
  • drainage grooves 2 are placed on both sides of the thermal insulation layer 1, and the drainage grooves 2 are connected to each other.
  • the lower end of the drainage layer is placed on the side of the water storage layer 3
  • the upper end of the aquifer 3 has water storage, drainage and filtration layer, which functions as drainage, filtration, and root blockage.
  • the bottom surface has reinforcing top reinforcement to strengthen the connection with the upper layer. Load bearing strength.
  • the root layer 4 is placed thereon with a water storage hole in the middle to save excess water, and this layer has a function of blocking the roots.
  • a drip irrigation water pipe 6 is inserted at a diagonal position of the aquifer 3, and water outlet holes are distributed on both sides of the water pipe 6, and the water supply of the plants can be ensured by automatic drip irrigation without a long time without rain.
  • the sealing panel 7 is installed according to the thickness of the substrate, and the sealing panel 7 can reinforce the connection of the respective portions, and the sealing panels 7 of different heights are used according to the selection of the plant species and the selection of the thickness of the substrate.
  • the panel 7 is higher than the layers, and the upper portion is filled with the substrate to meet plant growth. The height of the panels is determined by the thickness of the substrate required.
  • the invention solves the following problems:
  • the technical problems that need to be solved in the new roof greening include: 1. Roof bearing problems; 2. Waterproofing, drainage, and water supply problems; 3. Anti-root puncture problem (preventing plant roots from penetrating the roof structure); 4. Guaranteeing plants Problems of growth (substrate formulation problems, nutritional problems, water supply problems and plant screening problems); 5, cost issues; 6, insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation problems.
  • the invention not only can comprehensively solve the above problems, but also can realize carbon fixation and oxygen release, intercept rainwater, increase green visibility, improve construction environment, energy conservation and environmental protection. It is a brand new building energy saving system.
  • the thermal insulation material in the system, the non-toxic and pollution-free injection molding material, and the soilless culture substrate can ensure that it does not affect the general roof load; the system container has five layers in the vertical direction of the plane, which is impossible to appear. Seepage and root puncture phenomenon, the container has a special drainage channel to solve the drainage problem, and the drip irrigation system pipeline solves the irrigation problem.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种生态移动容器,它主要由保温隔热层、排水槽、蓄水层、阻根层、排水过滤层、输水管、围合板组成;所述的蓄水层、阻根层、排水过滤层依次叠加在保温隔热层上。所述的围合板扣接在蓄水层侧框的顶部,构成一个敞开的容置空间;所述的输水管沿侧框两对角上的通孔穿入侧框内。由于本发明在容器中间贯通了自动滴灌***(输水管),可自动补水。本发明只有两条边有相互接合的排水槽,多个种植容器连接在一起就能实现成片组合形式。排水从四面排出,结构更加简单,提高了产品生产效率,降低了生产成本。

Description

生态移动容器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合式生态移动种植容器,特别是涉及一种用于建筑绿化节能、广场道路、临时摆设等处种植乔木、灌木、草坪、蔬菜瓜果的生态移动容器。
背景技术
习用的种植容器下部有排水***、排水通道,包括容器体及排水阻根盘(下陷部分);该容器体的底部设有排水通风槽及蓄水槽,该排水通风槽通向容器体的外部,而该蓄水槽的侧壁偏上开有若干与排水通风槽相通的溢水口;所述排水阻根盘盖设于容器体的排水通风槽及蓄水槽上方,其与该蓄水槽相对的位置设有若干通孔。由于蓄水槽的设置,使水先储存于蓄水槽内,而不是直接排出,只有当蓄水槽内的水到达溢水口时,才由溢水口溢出并被排出,因此该种植容器的底部始终蓄有水份,即便储藏在泥土或培养基质中的水份蒸发,蓄水槽内的水也会向上蒸腾,为植物补充水份,从而保证植物的正常生长,并可达到隔热保温的功效。
习用的种植容器组合主要是靠容器下部十字交叉的下凹槽、槽体上方的透水透气孔,实现容器体的排水、通风、蓄水的功能。基质和植物外并没有其他可以起到保温的功能。不能实现保温效果,也没有自带灌溉***。而且,习用的种植容器结构相对简单,单个的容器只有凹槽上方十字形的空隙条板需要安装,装配较不方便。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种保温隔热效果好、可自动灌溉的建筑绿化生态移动容器。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术解决方案是:
本发明是一种生态移动容器,它主要由保温隔热层、排水槽、蓄水层、阻根层、排水过滤层组成;所述的保温隔热层为最底层,蓄水层、阻根层、排水过滤层依次叠加在保温隔热层上;所述的排水槽安装在保温隔热层的侧边;所述的蓄水层由蓄水底板、侧框、蓄水槽、溢水口、排水孔组成,在蓄水底板上设置蓄水槽、溢水口、排水孔,所述的侧框由四个侧壁构成,四个侧壁分别设置在蓄水底板的四周,形成一个周边封闭的框架。
本发明还包括一围合板,所述的围合板扣接在蓄水层侧框的顶部,构成一个敞开的容置空间。
本发明还包括一输水管,在所述侧框的相对的两个角上开设有让输水管穿入的通孔,输水管沿侧框两对角上的通孔穿入侧框内,输水管的管壁上开设有多个灌溉溢水孔。
所述的保温隔热层由隔热底板、内框和侧板构成;其中保温隔热层的保温材料的厚度可以根据具体建筑物状况和气候进行调整,矩形的内框安装在隔热底板上表面,在内框的两侧边与隔热底板侧边之间具有一定的距离,该段构成所述的侧板;所述的排水槽有两段,分别安装在保温隔热层隔热底板的两段侧板上,且两段排水槽十字相交。
所述的阻根层包括阻根底板、输水台、蓄水孔、阻根过滤槽、透水孔;在阻根底板上设置输水台、蓄水孔、阻根过滤槽和透水孔。
所述的排水过滤层上设有与阻根层上的输水台、蓄水孔、阻根过滤槽相对的水道。
本发明还包括种植基质层,该种植基质层安放在由围合板和蓄水层侧框构成的容置空间内。
采用上述方案后,由于本发明有七个子***需要安装配合在一起,有建筑保温材料作为保温层,保温层材料使用高密度建筑保温材料,是建筑上优良的保温隔热材料,具有密度高、隔音效果好、不易燃烧、无毒无害等优点。容器中间贯通了自动滴灌***(输水管),可自动补水。本发明只有两条边有相互接合的排水槽,多个种植容器连接在一起就能实现成片组合形式。排水从四面排出,结构更加简单,提高了产品生产效率,降低了生产成本,更加节水。
此外,本发明还包括了种植基质和植物,经过营养基质应用试验,配制成了轻型种植基质,植物根据建筑屋面夏天温度60-70℃,冬天零下10℃几度,在不同地区气候差异情况下,选择出高度耐旱、耐热、耐瘠薄的,可以实现自身的更新换代、自然繁衍,,能够实现一年四季常绿。将本发明应用于各种建筑低碳环保节能领域,能够有效的降低建筑物能耗,改变建筑物环境景观,改善建筑小气候,减少环境污染,固碳放氧,增加绿视率,保护着建筑屋面因冷暖收缩频繁和防水层因阳光直射而造成的损坏,延长建筑物的使用寿命。容器设计新颖,能够存储大量的水,并将多余的雨水迅速排出,在暴雨情况下也能从透水性良好的基质透过排水通道排出,***具有抗台风能力。基质采用无土栽培技术,根据植物特性配制,含有保水基质及充足的营养成分,基质能够吸储大量雨水。建筑节能绿化***包括了输水管道自动滴灌***,能够在长时间缺水的情况下补给植物生长所需水分,高温天气时,能降低建筑物内表面温度4-5度,降低屋顶传热量的80%,每日每平方可节电0.2度。可移动可组合实现粗放管理,是国内外唯一的建筑绿化节能技术创新***。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明组合后的轴测图;
图2是本发明组合后的应用轴测图;
图3是本发明的轴测图;
图4是本发明的应用轴测图;
图5是本发明的应用剖视图;
图6A是本发明保温隔热层的轴测图;
图6B是本发明保温隔热层与排水槽的轴测图;
图6C是本发明排水槽的轴测图;
图6D是本发明多个排水槽连接示意图;
图7A、图7B是本发明蓄水层的俯视轴测图和仰视轴测图;
图8A、图8B是本发明阻根层的俯视轴测图和仰视轴测;
图9A是本发明排水过滤层的轴测图;
图9B是本发明排水过滤层安装示意图;
图10是本发明围合板的轴测图;
图11是本发明种植基质层的轴测图;
图12是在本发明种植植物的轴测图。
具体实施方式
如图1、图2所示,是本发明生态移动容器组合后立体图,它由四个种植容器10构成,四个种植容器10之间相互连接且排水槽出口四面向外。
如图3、图5所示,本发明一种生态移动容器10主要由保温隔热层1、排水槽2、蓄水层3、阻根层4、排水过滤层5、输水管6、围合板7和种植基质层8组成。
所述的保温隔热层1为最底层,蓄水层3、阻根层4、排水过滤层5依次叠加在保温隔热层1上;所述的排水槽2安装在保温隔热层1的侧边。保温隔热层1可根据建筑物本身状况及气候状况相应的调整厚度。
如图7A、图7B所示,所述的蓄水层3由蓄水底板31、侧框32、蓄水槽33、溢水口34、排水孔35组成。在蓄水底板31上设置蓄水槽33、溢水口34、排水孔35。所述的侧框32由四个侧壁构成,四个侧壁分别设置在蓄水底板31的四周,形成一个周边封闭的框架,在侧框32的相对的两个角上开设有让输水管6穿入的通孔321。在底部设有加强筋36和卡扣37。
所述的蓄水层3安装于保温隔热层1之上(参考图3所示),中间部分蓄水,多余的水份通过如图所示的左侧两侧下凹的部分条形蓄水槽33和圆形排水孔35,渗出并及时排走。
如图3所示,所述的围合板7(如图10所示)扣接在蓄水层3侧框32的顶部,构成一个向上敞开的容置空间;所述的构成滴灌***的输水管6沿侧框32两对角上的通孔321穿入侧框32内,输水管6的管壁上开设有多个灌溉溢水孔61。所述的种植基质层8(如图11所示)安放在由围合板7和蓄水层3侧框32构成的容置空间内。围合板7用于容器种植中满足不同植物所需的基质厚度来满足层层加叠的各个组成部分,并可以容纳更多的种植基质层8厚度。
如图6A至图6C所示,所述的保温隔热层1由隔热底板11、内框12和侧板13构成;矩形的内框12安装在隔热底板11上表面,在内框12的两侧边与隔热底板11侧边之间具有一定的距离,该段构成所述的侧板13;所述的排水槽2有两段21、22,分别安装在保温隔热层1隔热底板11的两段侧板13上,且两段排水槽21、22十字相交。排水连接十字架23同时连接多个相同的单体容器排水槽2(参考图6D所示),完成单体容器两侧的排水方式。
如图8A所示,所述的阻根层4包括阻根底板41、输水台42、蓄水孔43、阻根过滤槽44、透水孔45。在阻根底板41上设置输水台42、蓄水孔43和阻根过滤槽44。所述的阻根层4安装于蓄水层3(参考图3所示)之上,其中蓄水孔43、阻根过滤槽44用于接收水份并渗透入下层蓄水层3,并起到阻根过滤的作用。右上两侧的透水孔45用于透过水份。背面加强脚可以支撑空间、加大承重并加强两层的连接。如图8B所示,在阻根底板41的背面设有加强筋46。
如图9A、图9B参考图8A所示,所述的排水过滤层5上设有与阻根层4上的输水台42、蓄水孔43、阻根过滤槽44相对的水道51。排水过滤层5安装于阻根层4之上(参考图3所示),更加加强容器的排水、过滤、阻根作用。
如图4、图12所示,在种植容器10内种植抗旱耐寒植物9。
如图13所示,本发明的种植基质层8为:草炭土57%,椰糠30%,河沙6%,蛭石2.2%,珍珠岩4.8%。
本发明的装配方法:
如图3、图5所示,在保温隔热层1四周的两侧边上放置排水槽2,排水槽2之间相互相连,连接好后其上放置排水层下端,蓄水层3边侧两端有溢水口和排水孔,蓄水层3上端有蓄水、排水、过滤层,起到了排水、过滤、阻根等功能,底面有加强顶筋,用以加强与上层之间的连接和承重强度。在其上安置阻根层4,中间有蓄水孔以储蓄多余的水份,这一层有阻根过滤的作用。最后,在蓄水层3的对角线位置***滴灌输水管6,输水管6两侧分布有出水孔,在长时间没有雨水的情况下能够以自动滴灌的方式保证植物水份供应。最后,在各层相互连接的基础上,根据基质的厚度安装围合板7,围合板7能加固各部分的连接,并根据植物种类的选择、基质厚度的选择使用不同高度的围合板7。另外,围合板7高于各层,高于的部分填充基质以满足植物生长。围合板的高度由所需基质厚度决定。以上步骤完成容器单体的配装,容器单体之间通过各自的排水槽2卡住连接十字架实现两两相连。
本发明解决了以下几个问题:
新型屋顶绿化所需要解决的技术问题包括这样几个:1、屋顶承重问题;2、防水、排水、水分供给问题;3、防根穿刺问题(防止植物根系穿透屋顶结构);4、保证植物生长的问题(基质的配方问题,营养问题、水份供给问题和植物筛选问题);5、成本问题;6、保温、隔热、隔音问题。
习用的技术大多针对屋顶绿化功能,并没有直接提出建筑绿化节能问题,并且只对屋顶绿化技术问题中的一个、两个或三个给予充分的解决,就不能顾及到其他几个问题。比如,考虑屋顶承重和防水、排水问题时往往考虑不到植物维护和管理的难度,考虑成本往往其他几个问题处理的都不好。
本发明不仅能够全面的解决以上问题,并能实现固碳放氧、截留雨水、增加绿视率、改善建筑小环境、节能环保等。是一种全新的建筑节能***。在重量上,***中的保温隔热材料、无毒无公害注塑材料、无土栽培基质,都能保证其不对一般的屋顶负荷造成影响;***容器中在平面垂直方向有五层,不可能出现渗水和根穿刺的现象,容器有专门的排水通道解决排水问题,有滴灌***管道解决灌溉问题,经过5年多长时间对不同地区和不同气候条件下对基质配比和植物生长情况的记录、观察和调整得到最为合适的基质成分比例和最适应植物。唯一在成本方面比相对略高,但相对于市场其他产品的做法,其性价比是更高的。

Claims (7)

1、一种生态移动容器,其特征在于:它主要由保温隔热层、排水槽、蓄水层、阻根层、排水过滤层组成;所述的保温隔热层为最底层,蓄水层、阻根层、排水过滤层依次叠加在保温隔热层上;所述的排水槽安装在保温隔热层的侧边;所述的蓄水层由蓄水底板、侧框、蓄水槽、溢水口、排水孔组成,在蓄水底板上设置蓄水槽、溢水口、排水孔,所述的侧框由四个侧壁构成,四个侧壁分别设置在蓄水底板的四周,形成一个周边封闭的框架。
2、如权利要求1所述的生态移动容器,其特征在于:它包括一围合板,所述的围合板扣接在蓄水层侧框的顶部,构成一个敞开的容置空间。
3、如权利要求1所述的生态移动容器,其特征在于:它包括一输水管,在所述侧框的相对的两个角上开设有让输水管穿入的通孔,输水管沿侧框两对角上的通孔穿入侧框内,输水管的管壁上开设有多个灌溉溢水孔。
4、根据权利要求1所述的生态移动容器,其特征在于:所述的保温隔热层由隔热底板、内框和侧板构成;矩形的内框安装在隔热底板上表面,在内框的两侧边与隔热底板侧边之间具有一定的距离,该段构成所述的侧板;所述的排水槽有两段,分别安装在保温隔热层隔热底板的两段侧板上,且两段排水槽十字相交。
5、根据权利要求1所述的生态移动容器,其特征在于:所述的阻根层包括阻根底板、输水台、蓄水孔、阻根过滤槽、透水孔;在阻根底板上设置输水台、蓄水孔、阻根过滤槽和透水孔。
6、根据权利要求1所述的生态移动容器,其特征在于:所述的排水过滤层上设有与阻根层上的输水台、蓄水孔、阻根过滤槽相对的水道。
7、根据权利要求1所述的生态移动容器,其特征在于:它还包括种植基质层,该种植基质层安放在由围合板和蓄水层侧框构成的容置空间内。
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