WO2012079396A1 - 一种带宽控制的方法、设备和*** - Google Patents

一种带宽控制的方法、设备和*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012079396A1
WO2012079396A1 PCT/CN2011/079687 CN2011079687W WO2012079396A1 WO 2012079396 A1 WO2012079396 A1 WO 2012079396A1 CN 2011079687 W CN2011079687 W CN 2011079687W WO 2012079396 A1 WO2012079396 A1 WO 2012079396A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
streaming media
bandwidth
demand service
play rate
response message
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Application number
PCT/CN2011/079687
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏巍
潘能毅
周宗榕
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP11797290A priority Critical patent/EP2487872A4/en
Priority to US13/339,279 priority patent/US20120096130A1/en
Publication of WO2012079396A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012079396A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/20Negotiating bandwidth
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0896Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/76Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
    • H04L47/762Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/80Actions related to the user profile or the type of traffic
    • H04L47/801Real time traffic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/752Media network packet handling adapting media to network capabilities
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80Responding to QoS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/02Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/08Upper layer protocols
    • H04W80/12Application layer protocols, e.g. WAP [Wireless Application Protocol]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, device, and system for bandwidth control. Background technique
  • the base station/base station controller/GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node, gateway
  • the general packet radio service support node will each assign a subscription bandwidth to the user.
  • the base station/base station controller/GGSN transmits the streaming media file to the end user according to the user subscription bandwidth.
  • the play rate of the media file is much smaller than the allocated bandwidth of the user, the streaming video service carried by the current HTTP has a problem of wasting network bandwidth resources.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, and system for bandwidth control to improve utilization of network resources.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a bandwidth control method, where the method includes the following steps:
  • Determining the HTTP response message to obtain a play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted Determining the HTTP response message to obtain a play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted; determining the streaming media on-demand service according to a comparison result between the play rate and the user-signed bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service Actually allocated transmission bandwidth; controlling transmission of the streaming media file using the determined transmission bandwidth.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device, where the device includes: a first communication interface module, configured to acquire an HTTP request message transmitted on a network; a protocol identification module, configured to identify that the HTTP request message is an HTTP request message of a streaming media on demand service;
  • a second communication interface module configured to forward the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service to the media server, and receive an HTTP response message corresponding to the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service returned by the media server;
  • a rate identification module configured to parse the HTTP response message to obtain a play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted
  • a bandwidth control module configured to determine, according to a comparison result between the play rate and a user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service, a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; and using the determined transmission bandwidth control The transmission of the streaming media file.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for a mobile user to access a streaming media file, where the system includes: a terminal, a communication device, and a media server, where:
  • the terminal is configured to send an HTTP request message of the user's streaming media on demand service
  • the communication device After the communication device is configured to acquire and identify an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, forward the message to the media server, and receive and parse the HTTP response message returned by the media server to obtain a play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted. And determining, according to a comparison result between the play rate and the user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media service, a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; and receiving the HTTP response message carrying the streaming media data. And transmitting to the terminal by using the determined transmission bandwidth;
  • the media server is configured to receive an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, and return an HTTP response message corresponding to the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, and carry a media format control header; HTTP response message for streaming media data.
  • a single network element in the network such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, forwards an HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service after capturing and identifying an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service.
  • the media server After receiving the response message of the media server, the media server obtains the play rate of the streaming media file, and performs bandwidth control directly on the network element where the network media is located, that is, the user subscribes to the bandwidth originally allocated by the streaming media on-demand service according to the play rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a bandwidth control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a bandwidth control method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of a bandwidth control method in a video on demand service according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic structural diagram of a network application environment of the method shown in FIG. 3a;
  • 3c is a schematic diagram of a message structure of an HTTP response message of a video on-demand service according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a media format control header of an HTTP response message of a video on-demand service according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, which is carried on the HTTP protocol;
  • 3e is a schematic diagram of a real data packet transmitted by an HTTP response message of a video on-demand service according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention on a network;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another communication device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of a mobile user accessing a streaming media file according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. detailed description
  • DPI Deep Packet Inspection
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • the system reads the IP packet payload in depth
  • the content is used to reorganize the application layer information in the OSI Layer 7 protocol, thereby obtaining the application L7 layer protocol type and content, and then shaping the traffic according to the system-defined management policy.
  • the embodiment provides a method for controlling a bandwidth.
  • the method may be performed by a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN.
  • the method in this embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
  • Step 101 Acquire and identify an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, and forward the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service to the media server.
  • the HTTP request message of the media on demand service may be a request message of an audio/video online on-demand service, or may be a request message of an audio-video offline on-demand service.
  • the protocol feature is parsed based on the DPI technology, and the HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service is identified according to the protocol feature.
  • Step 102 Receive an HTTP response message that is returned by the media server and corresponds to an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service.
  • Step 103 Parse the HTTP response message to obtain a play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted.
  • step 103 is specifically: parsing a play rate field from a media format control header of the HTTP response message, or parsing a stream file length from a header field of the HTTP response message. a field, and parsing the play duration field from the media format control header of the HTTP response message;
  • the play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted is equal to the play rate field value; if the play rate field does not exist, the play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted is equal to The ratio of the streaming media file length field value to the play duration field value.
  • Step 104 Determine, according to a comparison result between the play rate and the user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service, a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; and use the determined transmission bandwidth to control the flow.
  • step 104 may specifically include:
  • the user subscription bandwidth is a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service
  • the first transmission bandwidth is The transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on demand service.
  • step 104 may specifically include:
  • the user subscription bandwidth is a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service
  • the play rate is the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service, or the play rate is added to the first adjustment value, and is smaller than The first transmission bandwidth of the user subscription bandwidth is used as the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service.
  • a single network element in the network such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, forwards an HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service after capturing and identifying an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service.
  • the media server After receiving the response message of the media server, the media server obtains the play rate of the streaming media file, and performs bandwidth control directly on the network element where the network media is located, that is, the user subscribes to the bandwidth originally allocated by the streaming media on-demand service according to the play rate.
  • Example 2 determining a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; controlling the transmission of the streaming media file by using the determined transmission bandwidth, thereby avoiding the network resource utilization ratio simply and effectively
  • the QoS bandwidth process is triggered to be triggered, thereby causing more interaction between different network elements and additionally increasing the processing overhead of other network elements.
  • this embodiment provides another method for controlling the bandwidth.
  • the executor of the method may be a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN.
  • the application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is that the media server returns in multiple sub-packages.
  • the response message corresponding to the HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service that is, the media server transmits the HTTP response message carrying the streaming media data in a plurality of sub-packets; the method in the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
  • Step 201 Acquire and identify an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, and forward the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service to the media server.
  • Step 202 Receive an HTTP response message corresponding to the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service returned by the media server.
  • Step 203 Extract a feature tuple from the HTTP response message.
  • step 203 can include:
  • Pre-processing the HTTP response message stripping out the IP data packet; specifically, stripping the IP data packet from the wireless bearer protocol;
  • IP datagram eg MSISDN (Mobile Station)
  • Integrated Services Digital Number One or more of Integrated Services Digital Number, source IP address, source port, destination IP address, destination port, protocol type (such as L7 layer protocol type).
  • Step 204 Determine whether the play rate is recognized.
  • step 204 can include:
  • step 203 The feature tuple extracted in step 203 is matched with the maintained feature tuple management table. If the matching is unsuccessful, step 205 is performed;
  • step 205 is performed;
  • step 207 or step 208 is performed.
  • each feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table is used to represent a connection (a TCP connection) corresponding to a user, where each feature tuple record includes a source.
  • a connection a TCP connection
  • each feature tuple record includes a source.
  • IP address IP address
  • source port IP address
  • destination IP address IP address
  • destination port IP address
  • protocol type protocol type
  • user ID user ID
  • the feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table includes one or more of a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port, a protocol type, and a user identifier. Further including a code rate identification status identifier;
  • the feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table includes one or more of a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port, a protocol type, and a user identifier. And further comprising a pointer, the pointer pointing to the code rate identification status identifier associated with the feature tuple record;
  • the code rate identification status identifier may be bound or associated with the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on demand service, and correspondingly, if the matching is successful and the matched feature tuple
  • the code rate identification status indicator associated with the record indicates that the play rate has been identified, and the determined transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service can be directly obtained. Directly control the transmission of streaming media files with the determined transmission bandwidth.
  • Step 205 Parse the HTTP response message to obtain a play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted.
  • it may include:
  • Parsing the HTTP response message obtaining a stream media file length, a Content-Length field, a play duration field, and optionally, a play rate field;
  • Step 206 The mark play rate has been identified
  • step 206 can include:
  • the feature tuple extracted in step 203 is associated with the code rate identification state identifier for indicating that the play rate has been identified, and is added to the feature tuple management table as a new feature tuple record; or
  • step 203 Adding the feature tuple extracted in step 203 as a new feature tuple record to the feature tuple management table, wherein the feature tuple record points to a code rate identification state identifier, and the code rate identification state identifier Used to indicate that the playback bit rate has been recognized.
  • Step 207 Determine a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service according to a comparison result between a play rate and a user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service.
  • Step 208 Control transmission of the streaming media file by using the determined transmission bandwidth.
  • a single network element in the network such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, forwards an HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service after capturing and identifying an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service.
  • the media server After receiving the response message of the media server, the media server obtains the play rate of the streaming media file, and performs bandwidth control directly on the network element where the network media is located, that is, the user subscribes to the bandwidth originally allocated by the streaming media on-demand service according to the play rate.
  • this embodiment provides another bandwidth control method, which is applied to the network environment shown in FIG. 3b.
  • the terminal in FIG. 3a refers to a device capable of implementing wireless Internet access, which may be Smart terminals, such as mobile phones, can also be netbooks based on data cards.
  • the terminal user activates the wireless Internet service by initiating a packet data protocol activation request.
  • the base station/base station controller/GGSN allocates the user to the user to subscribe to the bandwidth for the streaming media on-demand service.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
  • Step 301 The terminal initiates a video online on-demand message HTTP Get;
  • the end user initiates video online on-demand as an example, and correspondingly, the streaming media file is a video file.
  • the embodiment is not specifically limited herein, and may be a video on demand message, an audio on demand message, or the like.
  • Steps 302a-302b The base station, the base station controller or the GGSN captures and identifies the video-on-demand request message HTTP Get initiated by the terminal, and forwards the request to the media server.
  • the base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN captures the HTTP request message initiated by the terminal, and uses the DPI technology to identify the message, and identifies that the message is a request message for the video on-demand service.
  • the base station may be a NodeB, a BTS (Base Transceiver Station), or an LTE (Long Term Evolution) (not illustrated); the base station controller may be an RNC (Radio Network) Controller, radio network controller) or BSC (Base Station Controller).
  • RNC Radio Network
  • BSC Base Station Controller
  • the NodeB is a wireless transceiver device that serves a cell or a plurality of cells.
  • the standard Iub interface and the RNC are interconnected to complete the processing of the physical layer protocol of the Uu interface. Its main functions are spread spectrum, modulation, channel coding and despreading demodulation, and channel decoding, including the conversion of baseband signals and RF signals. At the same time, it also completes some wireless resource management functions such as inner loop power control. It logically corresponds to the BTS in the GSM network.
  • Step 303 The base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN receives an HTTP response message of the video online on-demand service returned by the media server, where the HTTP response message carries a media format control header.
  • the HTTP response message of the video on-demand service returned by the media server is
  • the media format control header is carried, such as the FLV Header. It should be noted that the technical solution is not limited to the FLV format carried on the HTTP protocol, as long as the media format carried by the HTTP protocol can be implemented.
  • the HTTP response message carries the length of the streaming media file (see the Content-Length field value in the Header field in FIG. 3c), and the body of the HTTP response message carries the FLV format encapsulated media stream data.
  • the FLV format is Header+Body, Totaldatarate, duration and other fields are carried in the header of the FLV.
  • the body of the FLV carries the payload of the media stream data.
  • Totaldatarate in Figure 3e is the total playback rate of streaming audio and video
  • Videodatarate is the playback rate of streaming video
  • Audiodatarate is the playback rate of streaming audio
  • duration is the total playback time of streaming audio and video.
  • Step 304 The base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN parses the HTTP response message of the received video online on-demand service, and obtains a play rate of the video file.
  • the base station after receiving the HTTP response message, the base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN extracts the source IP address, the source port, the destination IP address, and the destination port from the HTTP response message;
  • the base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN determines, according to the port number and the IP address, whether the connection established with the media server is marked as the state in which the play rate is recognized. In this embodiment, the current determination result is no, and step c is performed. );
  • each feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table is used to represent a TCP connection, where each feature tuple The record includes one or more of the source IP address, the source port, the destination IP address, the destination port, the protocol type, and the user identifier.
  • the current matching is unsuccessful, and step c) is performed;
  • the base station, the base station controller or the GGSN parses the play rate field Totaldatarate from the media format control header of the HTTP response message of the video file online on-demand service, and the play rate field value is 40 6e e9 21 ab d0.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the foregoing implementation manners, and After the base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN receives the HTTP response message, the streaming media file length field is parsed from the header field of the HTTP response message, and parsed from the media format control header of the HTTP response message. Obtaining a play duration field; the play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted is equal to a ratio of the stream media file length field value to the play duration field value.
  • the base station, the base station controller or the GGSN marks the connection with the status of "the playback rate has been recognized", once the base station and the base station control
  • the GGSN or the GGSN determines, according to the port number and the IP address in the HTTP response message returned by the media server, the playback bit rate status of the connection established by the media server, and if it is the status of the recognized play rate, it can be directly in the memory.
  • the playback code rate of the streaming media file is searched for, and the transmission bandwidth is controlled according to the playback code rate.
  • the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service can be directly searched in the memory.
  • the playback code rate or the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service can be directly learned, and the parsing process is omitted.
  • Step 305 The base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN returns an HTTP response message of the video online on-demand service to the terminal, where the HTTP response message carries a media format control header.
  • Step 306 The base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN adjusts, according to the play rate, the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the video on demand service, where the transmission bandwidth is used to transmit the requested video file.
  • the base station, the base station controller, or The GGSN provides a corresponding scheduling algorithm for the video stream, and performs QoS control. If the play rate is greater than or equal to the user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service, the bandwidth of the transmitted video file is the user's subscription bandwidth, and no change is made; If the rate is less than the user's subscription bandwidth, a new bandwidth is generated according to the play rate, and the bandwidth for transmitting the video file is adjusted to the generated new bandwidth.
  • the RBC/LTE/GGSN service provider can be used according to the actual situation.
  • the playback bit rate can be used as the generated new bandwidth or based on the playback bit rate.
  • the subsequent transmission bandwidth of the video on demand of the user is based on this bandwidth for QoS bandwidth control. For example, when the playback rate of the video file obtained from the response message is 512 kbps and the user subscription bandwidth is 128 kbps, which is smaller than the bandwidth of the video file, 128 kbps is still used as the actual transmission bandwidth; however, if the user subscribes to the bandwidth of 1 Mbps.
  • the play rate of the video file is taken as the actual transmission bandwidth, and further, in order to ensure the transmission quality, Improve the user experience, you can also add a certain value to the video file bandwidth, such as plus
  • the actual transmission bandwidth is 256 kbps.
  • Step 307 The base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN receives an HTTP response message of the video online on-demand service returned by the media server, where the HTTP response message carries the media data.
  • the requested streaming media data is typically transmitted through multiple sub-packets.
  • Step 308-309 The base station, the base station controller or the GGSN controls the transmission of the requested streaming media file by using the previously adjusted transmission bandwidth (that is, the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service).
  • the base station after receiving the HTTP response message, the base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN extracts the source IP address, the source port, the destination IP address, and the destination port from the HTTP response message;
  • the base station, the base station controller, or the GGSN determines, according to the port number and the IP address, whether the connection established with the media server is marked as the state in which the play rate is recognized. In this embodiment, the current determination result is yes, and step C is performed. );
  • each feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table is used to represent a TCP connection, where each feature tuple
  • the record includes one or more of the source IP address, the source port, the destination IP address, the destination port, the protocol type, and the user identifier.
  • the current matching is successful and the matched feature tuple records are recorded.
  • the associated code rate identification status indicator indicates that the play rate has been identified, and step c) is performed;
  • the base station searches for the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service, and transmits the HTTP response message of the video online on-demand service to the terminal by using the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service,
  • the HTTP response message carries media data.
  • implementation network element in the embodiment of the present invention may be a base station, a base station controller, or
  • a single network element in the GGSN may also be implemented by multiple network elements at the same time, but there is no interaction between the network elements implemented at the same time.
  • a single network element in the network such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, forwards an HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service after capturing and identifying an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service.
  • the GGSN After receiving the response message of the media server, obtaining the play rate of the streaming media file, performing bandwidth control directly on the network element where the network is located, that is, according to the broadcast a comparison result of the grading rate and the user-signed bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media-on-demand service, determining a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media-on-demand service; and controlling transmission of the streaming media file by using the determined transmission bandwidth, thereby While simplifying the network resource utilization, the GGSN is triggered to update the QoS bandwidth process after the GGSN needs to perform the bandwidth adjustment, thereby bringing about a comparison between different network elements. Multiple interactions and additional problems with other network element processing overhead.
  • a network element such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, which adjusts the transmission bandwidth
  • the real-time stream request is captured and recognized, and the corresponding HTTP response is received and parsed, and the play rate of the streaming media file is obtained therefrom, based on the play rate.
  • the transmission bandwidth is adjusted to transmit the streaming media file with the adjusted transmission bandwidth. Since each network element can adjust the transmission bandwidth according to the playback rate, there is no need to re-initiate the QoS update process, thereby saving network resources.
  • the network element that does not need to adjust the transmission bandwidth does not perform bandwidth adjustment after receiving the response message, so the additional overhead of the network element is not increased, and the interaction process between the network elements is saved compared with the prior art. Improve network resource utilization and make it simple.
  • the embodiment provides a communication device, where the communication device includes: a first communication interface module 401, a protocol identification module 402, a second communication interface module 403, a code rate identification module 404, and a bandwidth control module 405. :
  • the first communication interface module 401 is configured to acquire an HTTP request message transmitted on the network;
  • the protocol identification module 402 is configured to identify that the HTTP request message is an HTTP request message of a streaming media on demand service;
  • the second communication interface module 403 is configured to forward the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service to the media server, and receive an HTTP response message corresponding to the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service returned by the media server;
  • the rate identification module 404 is configured to parse the HTTP response message to obtain a play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted.
  • the bandwidth control module 405 is configured to determine, according to a comparison result of the play rate and the user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service, a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; and use the determined transmission bandwidth control The transmission of the streaming media file.
  • the rate identification module 404 is specifically configured to: The media format control header is parsed to obtain a play rate field, or the stream file length field is parsed from the header field of the HTTP response message, and parsed from the media format control header of the HTTP response message. a play duration field; if the play rate field exists, the play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted is equal to the play rate field value; if the play rate field does not exist, the streaming media file to be transmitted The play rate is equal to the ratio of the streaming media file length field value to the play duration field value.
  • the HTTP response message carries the length of the streaming media file (see the Content-Length field value in the Header field in FIG. 3c), and the body of the HTTP response message carries the FLV format encapsulated media stream data.
  • the FLV format is Header+Body, Totaldatarate, duration and other fields are carried in the header of the FLV.
  • the body of the FLV carries the payload of the media stream data.
  • Totaldatarate in Figure 3e is the total playback rate of streaming audio and video
  • Videodatarate is the playback rate of streaming video
  • Audiodatarate is the playback rate of streaming audio
  • duration is the total playback time of streaming audio and video. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, for example, totaldatarate in Figure 3e, such as 40 6e e9 21 ab d0, is represented by a binary code.
  • the bandwidth control module 405 can include:
  • a first comparing unit configured to compare a first transmission bandwidth obtained by adding the playback rate to the first adjustment value, and a user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service
  • a first bandwidth control unit configured to: if the first comparison unit compares that the first transmission bandwidth is greater than or equal to the user subscription bandwidth, the user subscription bandwidth is a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service And if the first comparison unit compares that the first transmission bandwidth is smaller than the user subscription bandwidth, the first transmission bandwidth is a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; The transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the service controls the transmission of the streaming media file.
  • the bandwidth control module 405 can include:
  • a second comparing unit configured to compare a play rate of the streaming media file with a user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service
  • a second bandwidth control unit configured to: if the second comparison unit compares the play rate to be greater than or equal to the user subscription bandwidth, the user subscription bandwidth is the streaming media on demand service If the second comparison unit compares that the play rate is smaller than the user subscription bandwidth, the play rate is the actual allocated transmission bandwidth of the streaming media on-demand service, or The play rate is added to the first adjustment value, and the first transmission bandwidth that is smaller than the subscription bandwidth of the user is used as the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; and the actual allocated transmission bandwidth of the streaming media on-demand service is used. Controlling the transmission of the streaming media file.
  • a single network element in the network such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, forwards an HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service after capturing and identifying an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service.
  • the media server After receiving the response message of the media server, the media server obtains the play rate of the streaming media file, and performs bandwidth control directly on the network element where the network media is located, that is, the user subscribes to the bandwidth originally allocated by the streaming media on-demand service according to the play rate.
  • Example 5 determining a transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service; controlling the transmission of the streaming media file by using the determined transmission bandwidth, thereby avoiding the network resource utilization ratio simply and effectively
  • the QoS bandwidth process is triggered to be triggered, thereby causing more interaction between different network elements and additionally increasing the processing overhead of other network elements.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the embodiment may further include:
  • a feature tuple extraction module 406 configured to extract a feature tuple from the HTTP response message received by the second communication interface module 403; where the feature tuple may be a user identifier (such as MSISDN, etc.), a source IP address.
  • the feature tuple may be a user identifier (such as MSISDN, etc.), a source IP address.
  • One or more of the source port, destination IP address, destination port, and protocol type such as L7 layer protocol type).
  • the feature tuple management module 407 is configured to match the feature tuple with the maintained feature tuple management table, and if the matching is successful and the matched feature tuple record is associated with the rate identification status flag, the play rate is If the match is not successful, or the matching is unsuccessful, the code rate identification module 404 is triggered to be processed; if the matching is successful and the matched feature rate record associated with the code rate identification status indicator indicates that the play rate has been recognized, triggering
  • the bandwidth control module 405 directly controls transmission of the streaming media file using the determined transmission bandwidth.
  • the feature tuple management module 406 is further configured to use the feature tuple extracted by the feature tuple extraction module 406 if the matching is unsuccessful.
  • the code rate identification status indicator for indicating that the code rate identification module 404 has recognized the play rate, added as a new feature tuple record to the maintained feature tuple management table; or, the feature The feature tuple extracted by the tuple extraction module 406 is added as a new feature tuple record to the maintained feature tuple management table, wherein the feature tuple record points to a code rate identification state identifier, and the code rate identification The status indicator is used to indicate that the code rate identification module has recognized the play rate.
  • each feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table is used to represent a connection (a TCP connection) corresponding to a user, where each feature tuple record includes a source.
  • a connection a TCP connection
  • each feature tuple record includes a source.
  • IP address IP address
  • source port IP address
  • destination IP address IP address
  • destination port IP address
  • protocol type protocol type
  • user ID user ID
  • the feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table includes one or more of a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port, a protocol type, and a user identifier. Further including a code rate identification status identifier;
  • the feature tuple record in the feature tuple management table includes a source
  • an IP address In addition to one or more of an IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port, a protocol type, and a user identifier, further including a pointer indicating a code rate identification status identifier associated with the feature tuple record;
  • the code rate identification status identifier may be bound or associated with the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on demand service, and correspondingly, if the matching is successful and the matched feature tuple
  • the code rate identification status indicator associated with the record indicates that the play rate has been identified, and the determined transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the streaming media on-demand service can be directly obtained, and the determined transmission bandwidth control streaming media file is directly used. Transmission.
  • the communication device in this embodiment may be a base station, a base station controller, a GGSN, or the like in different network application environments.
  • the communication device provided in this embodiment may be the same as the method embodiment, and the specific implementation process is described in the method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the units of the device in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one unit or may be separately deployed.
  • the above units may be combined into one unit, or may be further split into a plurality of subunits.
  • a single network element in the network such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, forwards an HTTP request message of the streaming media on-demand service after capturing and identifying an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service.
  • To the media server after receiving the response message from the media server, Obtaining the play rate of the streaming media file, and directly performing bandwidth control on the network element, that is, determining the actual allocation of the streaming media on-demand service according to the comparison between the play rate and the user-signed bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service.
  • the transmission bandwidth is used to control the transmission of the streaming media file by using the determined transmission bandwidth, thereby avoiding the network resource utilization in a simple and effective manner, and avoiding the prior art, after the GGSN recognizes the playback code rate, Once the bandwidth adjustment is required, the update of the QoS bandwidth process is triggered, which leads to more interaction between different network elements and additionally increases the processing overhead of other network elements.
  • the embodiment provides a system for a mobile user to access a streaming media file.
  • the system for accessing the streaming media file includes: a terminal 501, a communication device 502, and a media server 503, where:
  • the terminal 501 is configured to send an HTTP request message of the user's streaming media on demand service; the communication device 502 is configured to obtain and identify an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, and then forward the message to the media server; The HTTP response message returned by the media server is obtained, and the play rate of the streaming media file to be transmitted is obtained.
  • the actual distribution of the streaming media on-demand service is determined according to the comparison between the play rate and the user-signed bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service. Transmitting bandwidth; and after receiving the HTTP response message carrying the streaming media data, transmitting the determined transmission bandwidth to the terminal;
  • the media server 503 is configured to receive an HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, and return an HTTP response message corresponding to the HTTP request message of the streaming media on demand service, carrying a media format control header; and returning a bearer An HTTP response message with streaming media data.
  • the communication device 502 in this embodiment may be a base station, a base station controller, a GGSN, or the like in different network application environments.
  • the system for accessing the streaming media file by the mobile user provided in this embodiment is an actual networking. See FIG. 3b, and details are not described herein again.
  • a single network element in the network such as a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN, after capturing and identifying an HTTP request message of a streaming media on demand service, the HTTP of the streaming media on demand service
  • the request message is forwarded to the media server; the response from the media server is received
  • the playback code rate of the streaming media file is obtained, and the bandwidth control is performed directly on the network element where the network media is located, that is, the streaming media on-demand is determined according to the comparison result between the playback code rate and the user subscription bandwidth initially allocated by the streaming media on-demand service.
  • the transmission bandwidth actually allocated by the service is used to control the transmission of the streaming media file by using the determined transmission bandwidth, thereby avoiding the prior art, the GGSN recognizes the play code while simplifying the network resource utilization simply and effectively.
  • the bandwidth update is triggered, which triggers the update of the Qos bandwidth process, which leads to more interaction between different network elements and additionally increases the processing overhead of other network elements.
  • the embodiment of the invention satisfies the recognition of the play rate of the online audio and video on-demand service of the streaming media on the base station, the base station controller or the GGSN, and allocates the appropriate bandwidth according to the play rate, the processing is simple, and the utilization of the network resources is improved. .
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented independently on a base station, a base station controller, or a GGSN network element, and no interaction is required between the network elements, and the implementation is simple.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not need to add a network element device.
  • Embodiments of the present invention do not require new protocols to support.
  • the embodiment of the present invention improves the utilization of network resources, especially radio resources, by using a simple and effective method on the premise of ensuring video playback quality, thereby saving backhaul links from the base station to the base station controller and the RAN side to the core.
  • the transmission cost of the network reduces the expansion pressure of the RAN side and the core network data service, so that video access of more users is guaranteed.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种带宽控制的方法、设备和***,其中,所述方法包括:获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的HTTP请求消息,并将所述流媒体点播业务的HTTP请求消息向媒体服务器转发;接收所述媒体服务器返回的、与所述流媒体点播业务的HTTP请求消息对应的HTTP响应消息;对所述HTTP响应消息进行解析,获得待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率;根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果,确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽;釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。可见,本发明实施例中,直接在所在网元进行带宽控制,从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时,还避免了现有技术中不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他网元处理开销的问题。

Description

一种带宽控制的方法、 设备和*** 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 特别涉及一种带宽控制的方法、 设备和***。 背景技术
随着 3G技术的不断发展, 无线上网技术的不断成熟, 使用智能终端和无 线方式访问 Internet的用户越来越多,这些用户对流媒体业务的需求量也大幅 增长。 为了满足越来越多的无线用户上网的需求, 当用户通过智能终端或是 无线方式发起 PDP ( Packet Data Protocol , 分组数据协议 )激活时, 基站 /基站 控制器 /GGSN ( Gateway GPRS Support Node, 网关通用分组无线业务支持节 点)会各自给用户分配一个签约带宽。 当终端发起在线音视频点播请求时, 基站 /基站控制器 /GGSN根据用户签约带宽向终端用户传输流媒体文件。 但是 当媒体文件的播放码率远小于分配的用户签约带宽时, 则当前 HTTP承载的 流媒体视频业务存在浪费网络带宽资源的问题。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种带宽控制的方法、 设备和***, 以提高网络资 源的利用率。
一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种带宽控制方法, 所述方法包括如下步 骤:
获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息, 并将所述流媒体点播 业务的 HTTP请求消息向媒体服务器转发;
接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息 对应的 HTTP响应消息;
对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率; 根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较 结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输 带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
另一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种通信设备, 所述设备包括: 第一通信接口模块, 用于获取网络上传输的 HTTP请求消息; 协议识别模块, 用于识别出所述 HTTP请求消息为流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息;
第二通信接口模块, 用于将所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息向媒 体服务器转发, 并接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息对应的 HTTP响应消息;
码率识别模块, 用于对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流 媒体文件的播放码率;
带宽控制模块, 用于根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的 用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
再一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种移动用户访问流媒体文件的***, 所述***包括: 终端, 通信设备和媒体服务器, 其中:
所述终端用于发送用户的流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息;
所述通信设备用于获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 向所述媒体服务器转发; 接收并解析所述媒体服务器返回的 HTTP响应消息, 获得待传输流媒体文件的播放码率; 根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务 初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传 输带宽; 并在接收到所述承载有流媒体数据的 HTTP响应消息后, 釆用所述 确定的传输带宽向所述终端传输;
所述媒体服务器用于接收所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息, 并返 回与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息对应的、 承载有媒体格式控制头 的 HTTP响应消息; 以及, 返回承载有流媒体数据的 HTTP响应消息。
可见,本发明实施例中,网络中的单一网元,如基站、基站控制器或 GGSN 在捕获并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 将所述流媒体点播业 务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器; 接收到媒体服务器的响应消息后, 获取流媒体文件的播放码率, 直接在所在网元进行带宽控制, 即根据所述播 放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述 流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流 媒体文件的传输, 从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时, 还避免了 现有技术中, GGSN识别出播放码率后, 一旦需要进行带宽调整, 就触发更 新 Qos带宽流程, 从而带来不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他网元处理 开销的问题。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面 描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例 1提供的一种带宽控制方法的流程示意图; 图 2是本发明实施例 2提供的一种带宽控制方法流程示意图;
图 3a是本发明实施例 3提供的视频点播业务下的带宽控制方法的交互流 程示意图;
图 3b是图 3a所示方法的一种网络应用环境的结构示意图;
图 3c是本发明实施例 3所涉及的视频在线点播业务的 HTTP响应消息的 一种消息结构示意图;
图 3d是本发明实施例 3所涉及的视频在线点播业务的 HTTP响应消息承 载在 HTTP协议之上的媒体格式控制头的一种结构示意图;
图 3e是本发明实施例 3所涉及的视频在线点播业务的 HTTP响应消息在 网络上传输的真实数据包的示意图;
图 4是本发明实施例 4提供的一种通信设备的结构示意图;
图 5是本发明实施例 5提供的又一种通信设备的结构示意图;
图 6是本发明实施例 6提供的一种移动用户访问流媒体文件的***结构 示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对本发 明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
在介绍本发明提供的管理带宽的方法之前, 首先对本发明的基础知识进 行简要的介绍:
DPI(Deep Packet Inspection,深度包检测)技术是一种基于应用层的流量检 测和控制技术, 当 IP ( Internet Protocol, 互联网协议)数据包、 TCP或 UDP 数据流通过基于 DPI技术的带宽管理***时, 该***通过深入读取 IP包载荷 的内容来对 OSI七层协议中的应用层信息进行重组,从而得到应用程序 L7层 协议类型和内容, 然后按照***定义的管理策略对流量进行整形操作。
实施例 1
参见图 1 , 本实施例提供了一种带宽控制方法, 该方法的执行主体可以是 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN, 本发明实施例方法可以包括如下步骤:
步骤 101 : 获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息, 并将所述流 媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器;
这里的, 媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息可以是音视频在线点播业务的 请求消息, 也可以是音视频离线点播业务的请求消息。
在一种实现方式下, 基于 DPI技术解析出协议特征, 根据所述协议特征 识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息。
步骤 102: 接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP 请求消息对应的 HTTP响应消息;
步骤 103: 对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流媒体文件的 播放码率;
在一种实现方式下, 步骤 103具体为: 从所述 HTTP响应消息的媒体格 式控制头中解析得到播放码率字段, 或者, 从所述 HTTP响应消息的头部域 中解析得到流媒体文件长度字段, 并从所述 HTTP响应消息的媒体格式控制 头中解析得到播放时长字段;
如果播放码率字段存在, 则所述待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率等于该 播放码率字段值; 如果播放码率字段不存在, 则所述待传输的流媒体文件的 播放码率等于所述流媒体文件长度字段值与所述播放时长字段值的比值。
步骤 104:根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带 宽的比较结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确 定的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
在一种实现方式下, 步骤 104具体可以包括:
将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得到的第一传输带宽和该流媒体点播业 务初始分配的用户签约带宽进行比较;
如果所述第一传输带宽大于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约 带宽为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽;
如果所述第一传输带宽小于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述第一传输带宽为 所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽。
在另一种实现方式下, 步骤 104具体可以包括:
将所述流媒体文件的播放码率和该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约 带宽进行比较;
如果所述播放码率大于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约带宽 为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽;
如果所述播放码率小于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述播放码率为所述流媒 体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 或者, 将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得 到, 且小于所述用户签约带宽的第一传输带宽作为所述流媒体点播业务实际 分配的传输带宽。
可见,本发明实施例中,网络中的单一网元,如基站、基站控制器或 GGSN 在捕获并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 将所述流媒体点播业 务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器; 接收到媒体服务器的响应消息后, 获取流媒体文件的播放码率, 直接在所在网元进行带宽控制, 即根据所述播 放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述 流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流 媒体文件的传输, 从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时, 还避免了 现有技术中, GGSN识别出播放码率后, 一旦需要进行带宽调整, 就触发更 新 Qos带宽流程, 从而带来不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他网元处理 开销的问题。 实施例 2
参见图 2, 本实施例提供了另一种带宽控制方法, 该方法的执行主体可以 是基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN, 本发明实施例的应用场景为, 媒体服务器以 多个分包的形式返回与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息对应的响应消 息, 即媒体服务器以多个分包的形式传输承载有流媒体数据的 HTTP响应消 息; 本发明实施例方法可以包括如下步骤:
步骤 201 : 获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息, 并将所述流 媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器;
步骤 202: 接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP 请求消息对应的 HTTP响应消息; 步骤 203: 从所述 HTTP响应消息中提取出特征元组;
在一种实现方式下, 步骤 203可以包括:
对所述 HTTP响应消息进行预处理, 剥离出 IP数据报文; 具体的, 从无 线承载协议中剥离出 IP数据报文;
从所述 IP 数据报文中提取出用户标识 (如 MSISDN ( Mobile Station
Integrated Services Digital Number (移动站点综合服务数字编码)等)、 源 IP 地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型 (如 L7层协议类型) 中 的一项和多项。
步骤 204: 判断播放码率是否已被识别出;
在一种实现方式下, 步骤 204可以包括:
将步骤 203提取出的特征元组与维护的特征元组管理表进行匹配, 如果 匹配不成功, 则执行步骤 205;
如果匹配成功且所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识表 示播放码率未被识别出, 则执行步骤 205;
如果匹配成功且所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识表 示播放码率已被识别出, 则执行步骤 207或者步骤 208。
需要说明的是, 在一种实现方式下, 所述特征元组管理表中的每条特征 元组记录用于表征用户对应的连接 (一条 TCP连接), 其中, 每条特征元组记 录包括源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用户标识中 的一项和多项;
在一种实现方式下, 所述特征元组管理表中的特征元组记录中包括源 IP 地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用户标识中的一项和多 项以外, 进一步包括码率识别状态标识;
在另一种实现方式下, 所述特征元组管理表中的特征元组记录中包括源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用户标识中的一项和 多项以外, 进一步包括指针, 该指针指向该特征元组记录所关联的码率识别 状态标识;
应当理解的是, 在一种实现方式下, 码率识别状态标识可以与所述流媒 体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽进行绑定或关联, 相应的, 如果匹配成功且 所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识表示播放码率已被识别 出, 则直接可以获得已确定的、 所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 直接釆用已确定的传输带宽控制流媒体文件的传输。
步骤 205: 对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流媒体文件的 播放码率;
具体可以包括:
解析所述 HTTP响应消息,获取流媒体文件长度 Content-Length字段、播 放时长字段, 可选的, 还获取播放码率字段;
判断是否存在播放码率字段, 如果存在播放码率字段, 直接解析出播放 码率字段值; 如果不存在播放码率字段,根据 Content-Length字段值与播放时 长字段值的比值, 计算出播放码率。
步骤 206: 标记播放码率已被识别出;
在一种实现方式下, 步骤 206可以包括:
将步骤 203提取出的特征元组与用于表示播放码率已被识别出的码率识 别状态标识关联起来, 作为新的特征元组记录添加到所述特征元组管理表中; 或者,
将步骤 203提取出的特征元组, 作为新的特征元组记录添加到所述特征 元组管理表中, 其中所述特征元组记录指向一码率识别状态标识, 所述码率 识别状态标识用于表示播放码率已被识别出。
步骤 207:根据播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的 比较结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽;
步骤 208: 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例中, 对于步骤 206和 207的先后顺序没有 限制。
可见,本发明实施例中,网络中的单一网元,如基站、基站控制器或 GGSN 在捕获并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 将所述流媒体点播业 务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器; 接收到媒体服务器的响应消息后, 获取流媒体文件的播放码率, 直接在所在网元进行带宽控制, 即根据所述播 放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述 流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流 媒体文件的传输, 从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时, 还避免了 现有技术中, GGSN识别出播放码率后, 一旦需要进行带宽调整, 就触发更 新 Qos带宽流程, 从而带来不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他网元处理 开销的问题。 实施例 3
参见图 3a, 本实施例提供了另一种带宽控制方法, 该方法应用于如图 3b 所示的网络环境下,本实施例中, 图 3a中的终端指能够实现无线上网的设备, 可以是智能终端, 如手机等, 也可以是基于数据卡的上网本。 其中, 终端用 户通过发起分组数据协议激活请求, 开通无线上网业务。 当终端发起开通无 线上网业务的请求时, 基站 /基站控制器 /GGSN分配给该终端用于流媒体点播 业务的用户签约带宽; 本发明实施例方法可以包括如下步骤:
步骤 301: 终端发起视频在线点播消息 HTTP Get;
本实施例中, 以终端用户发起视频在线点播为例, 相应的, 流媒体文件 就是视频文件。
应当理解的是, 本实施例在此不做具体限定, 可以是视频点播消息, 也 可以是音频点播消息等。
步骤 302a-302b: 基站、基站控制器或 GGSN捕获并识别到终端发起的视 频在线点播请求消息 HTTP Get, 并将该请求转发到媒体服务器。
本实施例中, 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN捕获到终端发起的 HTTP请求 消息, 并利用 DPI技术对其进行识别, 识别出该消息是视频在线点播业务的 请求消息。
其中, 如图 3b所示, 基站可以是 NodeB、 BTS ( Base Transceiver Station, 基站收发台 )或者 LTE ( Long Term Evolution, 长期演进)(图中未示意出); 基站控制器可以是 RNC ( Radio Network Controller, 无线网络控制器)或者 BSC ( Base Station Controller, 基站控制器)。
NodeB是为一个小区或多个小区服务的无线收发信设备,通过标准的 Iub 接口和 RNC互连, 主要完成 Uu接口物理层协议的处理。 它的主要功能是扩 频、 调制、 信道编码及解扩解调、 信道解码还包括基带信号和射频信号的相 互转换等功能。 同时它还完成一些如内环功率控制等的无线资源管理功能。 它在逻辑上对应于 GSM网络中的 BTS。
步骤 303: 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN接收媒体服务器返回的视频在线 点播业务的 HTTP响应消息, 该 HTTP响应消息承载有媒体格式控制头。
本实施例中, 媒体服务器返回的视频在线点播业务的 HTTP响应消息中 承载有媒体格式控制头, 如 FLV Header; 在这里需要说明的是, 本技术方案 不仅限于承载在 HTTP协议之上的 FLV格式, 只要是 HTTP协议承载的媒体 格式都可以实现。
参见图 3c, HTTP响应消息中携带有流媒体文件长度(见图 3c中 Header 域中的 Content-Length字段值 ), HTTP响应消息的 Body体中承载 FLV格式 封装的媒体流数据;
参见图 3d, FLV格式为 Header+Body, Totaldatarate、 duration等字段都 是承载在 FLV的 Header中的, FLV的 Body中承载的是媒体流数据的净载荷。
参见图 3e,为真实的数据包,对照图 3d格式说明,可以解析出如 duration, Videodatarate, Audiodatarate、 Totaldatarate等相关的音视频的参数。 具体的, 图 3e中 Totaldatarate就是流媒体音频和视频的总播放码率, Videodatarate即 流媒体视频的播放码率, Audiodatarate就是流媒体音频的播放码率, duration 即流媒体音频和视频的总播放时长; 本领域技术人员应当理解的是, 例如, 图 3e中的 totaldatarate, 如 40 6e e9 21 ab d0是釆用二进制编码表示的。
步骤 304: 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN解析接收到的视频在线点播业务 的 HTTP响应消息, 获得视频文件的播放码率。
具体可以包括,
a )基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN接收到 HTTP响应消息后, 从所述 HTTP 响应消息中提取出源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口;
b )基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN根据端口号和 IP地址, 判断与该媒体服 务器建立的连接是否标记为已识别出播放码率的状态, 本实施例中, 当前判 断结果为否, 执行步骤 c );
具体的, 将提取出的端口号和 IP地址与维护的特征元组管理表(所述特 征元组管理表中的每条特征元组记录用于表征一条 TCP连接, 其中, 每条特 征元组记录包括源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用 户标识中的一项和多项)进行匹配, 本实施例中, 当前匹配不成功, 执行步 骤 c );
c )基站、基站控制器或 GGSN从视频文件在线点播业务的 HTTP响应消 息的媒体格式控制头中解析得到播放码率字段 Totaldatarate, 该播放码率字段 值为 40 6e e9 21 ab d0。
本领域技术人员应当理解的是, 本发明实施例不限于上述实现方式, 也 可以是,基站、基站控制器或 GGSN接收到 HTTP响应消息后,从所述 HTTP 响应消息的头部域中解析得到流媒体文件长度字段, 并从所述 HTTP响应消 息的媒体格式控制头中解析得到播放时长字段; 所述待传输的流媒体文件的 播放码率等于所述流媒体文件长度字段值与所述播放时长字段值的比值。
d )基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN将用于传输所请求的视频文件的、 与该媒 体服务器建立的连接标记为已识别出播放码率的状态;
应当理解的是, 本实施例中, 如果该视频文件之前已经被点播过, 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN会将该连接标记上 "已识别出播放码率" 的状态, 一旦 当基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN再次根据媒体服务器返回的 HTTP响应消息中 的端口号和 IP地址, 判断该媒体服务器与其建立的连接的播放码率状态, 如 果是已识别播放码率的状态, 则可以在内存中直接查找流媒体文件的播放码 率, 进而根据该播放码率, 对传输带宽进行控制; 或者, 则可以直接在内存 中查找所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽。 便于后续该终端再次点播 该视频时, 能够直接获知该播放码率或者所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传 输带宽, 省去解析过程。
步骤 305: 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN向终端返回视频在线点播业务的 HTTP响应消息, 该 HTTP响应消息承载有媒体格式控制头。
步骤 306: 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN根据该播放码率, 调整得到所述 视频点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 该传输带宽用于传输请求的视频文件; 本实施中, 基站、基站控制器或 GGSN针对视频流提供对应的调度算法, 进行 Qos控制, 如果播放码率大于等于该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签 约带宽, 则传输视频文件的带宽就是用户签约带宽, 不做改变; 如果播放码 率小于用户签约带宽, 则根据播放码率生成新的带宽, 将传输该视频文件的 带宽调整为生成的新的带宽。 其中, 可以将播放码率作为生成的新的带宽, 或是在播放码率的基础上, 加上一个调整值(该调整值用来保证用户体验, RNC/LTE/GGSN服务商可根据实际情况来设定), 作为生成的新的带宽, 后 续该用户的该视频点播的传输带宽就以这个带宽为准做 QoS带宽控制。例如, 当从响应消息中获取到的视频文件的播放码率为 512 kbps,而用户签约带宽为 128kbps, 小于视频文件的带宽, 则仍将 128kbps作为实际的传输带宽; 但如 果用户签约带宽为 1Mbps, 远高于音频文件带宽, 为了有效地利用资源, 则 将视频文件的播放码率作为实际传输带宽, 进一步地, 为了保证传输质量, 提高用户体验, 也可以在视频文件带宽的基础上加上一定的数值, 如加上
128kbps, 则实际的传输带宽就是 256kbps。
步骤 307: 基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN接收媒体服务器返回的视频在线 点播业务的 HTTP响应消息 , 该 HTTP响应消息承载有媒体数据。
应当理解的是, 在实际应用中, 请求的流媒体数据一般通过多个分包传 输。
步骤 308-309: 基站、基站控制器或 GGSN釆用前述调整得到的传输带宽 (即所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽)控制所请求的流媒体文件的 传输。
具体可以包括,
a )基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN接收到 HTTP响应消息后, 从所述 HTTP 响应消息中提取出源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口;
b )基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN根据端口号和 IP地址, 判断与该媒体服 务器建立的连接是否标记为已识别出播放码率的状态, 本实施例中, 当前判 断结果为是, 执行步骤 C );
具体的, 将提取出的端口号和 IP地址与维护的特征元组管理表(所述特 征元组管理表中的每条特征元组记录用于表征一条 TCP连接, 其中, 每条特 征元组记录包括源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用 户标识中的一项和多项)进行匹配, 本实施例中, 当前匹配成功且所述匹配 的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识表示播放码率已被识别出, 执行 步骤 c );
c )基站、基站控制器或 GGSN查找得到所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的 传输带宽, 并釆用所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽向终端传输视频 在线点播业务的 HTTP响应消息, 该 HTTP响应消息承载有媒体数据。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例的实施网元可以是基站、 基站控制器或
GGSN 中的一个单独网元, 也可以是其中多个网元同时实施, 但同时实施的 网元之间不会有任何交互。
可见,本发明实施例中,网络中的单一网元,如基站、基站控制器或 GGSN 在捕获并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 将所述流媒体点播业 务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器; 接收到媒体服务器的响应消息后, 获取流媒体文件的播放码率, 直接在所在网元进行带宽控制, 即根据所述播 放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述 流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流 媒体文件的传输, 从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时, 还避免了 现有技术中, GGSN识别出播放码率后, 一旦需要进行带宽调整, 就触发更 新 Qos带宽流程, 从而带来不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他网元处理 开销的问题。
在涉及调整传输带宽的基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN等的网元处, 捕获并 识别出实时流请求, 接收并解析其对应的 HTTP响应, 从中获得流媒体文件 的播放码率, 基于播放码率调整传输带宽, 以调整后的传输带宽传输流媒体 文件, 由于每个网元自身都能根据播放码率调整传输带宽, 所以不需要重新 发起 Qos更新流程, 从而节省了网络资源。 其中, 对于不需要调整传输带宽 的网元, 在接收到响应消息后不会进行带宽调整, 因此不会增加这些网元的 额外开销, 与现有技术相比节省了网元间的交互过程, 提高了网络资源利用 率, 而且实现简单。 实施例 4
参见图 4, 本实施例提供了一种通信设备, 该通信设备包括: 第一通信接 口模块 401 , 协议识别模块 402, 第二通信接口模块 403 , 码率识别模块 404 和带宽控制模块 405 , 其中:
第一通信接口模块 401用于获取网络上传输的 HTTP请求消息; 协议识别模块 402用于识别出所述 HTTP请求消息为流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息;
第二通信接口模块 403用于将所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息转 发给媒体服务器, 并接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息对应的 HTTP响应消息;
码率识别模块 404用于对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的 流媒体文件的播放码率;
带宽控制模块 405 用于根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配 的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
在一种实现方式下, 码率识别模块 404具体用于: 从所述 HTTP响应消 息的媒体格式控制头中解析得到播放码率字段, 或者, 从所述 HTTP响应消 息的头部域中解析得到流媒体文件长度字段, 并从所述 HTTP响应消息的媒 体格式控制头中解析得到播放时长字段; 如果播放码率字段存在, 则所述待 传输的流媒体文件的播放码率等于该播放码率字段值; 如果播放码率字段不 存在, 则所述待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率等于所述流媒体文件长度字段 值与所述播放时长字段值的比值。
参见图 3c, HTTP响应消息中携带有流媒体文件长度(见图 3c中 Header 域中的 Content-Length字段值 ), HTTP响应消息的 Body体中承载 FLV格式 封装的媒体流数据;
参见图 3d, FLV格式为 Header+Body, Totaldatarate、 duration等字段都 是承载在 FLV的 Header中的, FLV的 Body中承载的是媒体流数据的净载荷。
参见图 3e,为真实的数据包,对照图 3d格式说明,可以解析出如 duration, Videodatarate、 Audiodatarate、 Totaldatarate等相关的音视频的参数。 具体的, 图 3e中 Totaldatarate就是流媒体音频和视频的总播放码率, Videodatarate即 流媒体视频的播放码率, Audiodatarate就是流媒体音频的播放码率, duration 即流媒体音频和视频的总播放时长; 本领域技术人员应当理解的是, 例如, 图 3e中的 totaldatarate, 如 40 6e e9 21 ab d0是釆用二进制编码表示的。
在一种实现方式下, 所述带宽控制模块 405可以包括:
第一比较单元, 用于将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得到的第一传输带 宽和该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽进行比较;
第一带宽控制单元, 用于如果所述第一比较单元比较出所述第一传输带 宽大于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约带宽为所述流媒体点播业 务实际分配的传输带宽; 如果所述第一比较单元比较出所述第一传输带宽小 于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述第一传输带宽为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配 的传输带宽; 釆用所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽控制所述流媒体 文件的传输。
在另一种实现方式下, 所述带宽控制模块 405可以包括:
第二比较单元, 用于将所述流媒体文件的播放码率和该流媒体点播业务 初始分配的用户签约带宽进行比较;
第二带宽控制单元, 用于如果所述第二比较单元比较出所述播放码率大 于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约带宽为所述流媒体点播业务实 际分配的传输带宽; 如果所述第二比较单元比较出所述播放码率小于所述用 户签约带宽, 则所述播放码率为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 或者, 将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得到, 且小于所述用户签约带宽的第 一传输带宽作为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述流媒体 点播业务实际分配的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
可见,本发明实施例中,网络中的单一网元,如基站、基站控制器或 GGSN 在捕获并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 将所述流媒体点播业 务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器; 接收到媒体服务器的响应消息后, 获取流媒体文件的播放码率, 直接在所在网元进行带宽控制, 即根据所述播 放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述 流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流 媒体文件的传输, 从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时, 还避免了 现有技术中, GGSN识别出播放码率后, 一旦需要进行带宽调整, 就触发更 新 Qos带宽流程, 从而带来不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他网元处理 开销的问题。 实施例 5
图 5为本发明实施例 5的一种通信设备的结构示意图, 如图 5所示, 本 实施例在图 4所示设备的基础上, 进一步可以包括:
特征元组提取模块 406 , 用于从所述第二通信接口模块 403接收的 HTTP 响应消息中提取出的特征元组; 这里的特征元组具体可以是用户标识 (如 MSISDN等)、 源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型 (如 L7层协议类型) 中的一项和多项。
特征元组管理模块 407,用于将所述特征元组与维护的特征元组管理表进 行匹配, 如果匹配成功且所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标 识表示播放码率未被识别出, 或者匹配不成功, 触发所述码率识别模块 404 处理; 如果匹配成功且所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识 表示播放码率已被识别出, 触发所述带宽控制模块 405 直接釆用所述确定的 传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
请参阅图 5, 本发明实施例中, 较优的, 所述特征元组管理模块 406, 进 一步用于如果匹配不成功, 将所述特征元组提取模块 406提取出的特征元组 与用于表示所述码率识别模块 404 已识别出播放码率的码率识别状态标识关 联起来, 作为新的特征元组记录添加到维护的特征元组管理表中; 或者, 将 所述特征元组提取模块 406提取出的特征元组, 作为新的特征元组记录添加 到维护的特征元组管理表中, 其中所述特征元组记录指向一码率识别状态标 识, 所述码率识别状态标识用于表示所述码率识别模块已识别出播放码率。
需要说明的是, 在一种实现方式下, 所述特征元组管理表中的每条特征 元组记录用于表征用户对应的连接 (一条 TCP连接), 其中, 每条特征元组记 录包括源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用户标识中 的一项和多项;
在一种实现方式下, 所述特征元组管理表中的特征元组记录中包括源 IP 地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用户标识中的一项和多 项以外, 进一步包括码率识别状态标识;
在另一种实现方式下, 所述特征元组管理表中的特征元组记录中包括源
IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用户标识中的一项和 多项以外, 进一步包括指针, 该指针指向该特征元组记录所关联的码率识别 状态标识;
应当理解的是, 在一种实现方式下, 码率识别状态标识可以与所述流媒 体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽进行绑定或关联, 相应的, 如果匹配成功且 所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识表示播放码率已被识别 出, 则直接可以获得已确定的、 所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 直接釆用已确定的传输带宽控制流媒体文件的传输。
本实施例中通信设备在不同的网络应用环境下, 具体可以是基站、 基站 控制器、 GGSN等。
本实施例提供的通信设备, 具体可以, 与方法实施例属于同一构思, 其 具体实现过程详见方法实施例, 这里不再赘述。
关于如上功能单元的具体实现可参考方法实施例的描述。
本发明实施例装置的各个单元可以集成于一体, 也可以分离部署。 上述 单元可以合并为一个单元, 也可以进一步拆分成多个子单元。
可见,本发明实施例中,网络中的单一网元,如基站、基站控制器或 GGSN 在捕获并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 将所述流媒体点播业 务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器; 接收到媒体服务器的响应消息后, 获取流媒体文件的播放码率, 直接在所在网元进行带宽控制, 即根据所述播 放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述 流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流 媒体文件的传输, 从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时, 还避免了 现有技术中, GGSN识别出播放码率后, 一旦需要进行带宽调整, 就触发更 新 Qos带宽流程, 从而带来不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他网元处理 开销的问题。 实施例 6
参见图 6, 本实施例提供了一种移动用户访问流媒体文件的***, 该移动 用户访问流媒体文件的***包括:终端 501 ,通信设备 502和媒体服务器 503 , 其中:
所述终端 501用于发送用户的流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息; 所述通信设备 502用于获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息 后, 转发给所述媒体服务器; 接收并解析所述媒体服务器返回的 HTTP响应 消息, 获得待传输流媒体文件的播放码率; 根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点 播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分 配的传输带宽; 并在接收到所述承载有流媒体数据的 HTTP响应消息后, 釆 用所述确定的传输带宽向所述终端传输;
所述媒体服务器 503用于接收所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息, 并返回与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息对应的、 承载有媒体格式控 制头的 HTTP响应消息; 以及, 返回承载有流媒体数据的 HTTP响应消息。
本实施例中通信设备 502在不同的网络应用环境下, 具体可以是基站、 基站控制器、 GGSN等。
本实施例提供的移动用户访问流媒体文件的***, 一种实际组网, 可以 参见图 3b, 这里不再赘述。
本实施例提供的***, 具体可以, 与方法实施例属于同一构思, 其具体 实现过程详见方法实施例, 这里不再赘述。
综上所述, 本发明实施例中, 网络中的单一网元, 如基站、 基站控制器 或 GGSN在捕获并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 将所述流媒 体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息转发给媒体服务器; 接收到媒体服务器的响应 消息后, 获取流媒体文件的播放码率, 直接在所在网元进行带宽控制, 即根 据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控 制所述流媒体文件的传输, 从而在简单有效地提高网络资源利用率的同时, 还避免了现有技术中, GGSN识别出播放码率后, 一旦需要进行带宽调整, 就触发更新 Qos带宽流程, 从而带来不同网元间的较多交互并额外增加其他 网元处理开销的问题。
本发明实施例满足在基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN上实现识别出流媒体音 视频在线点播业务的播放码率, 并根据播放码率分配刚好合适的带宽, 处理 简单, 提高了网络资源的利用率。
本发明实施例可以在基站、 基站控制器或 GGSN网元上独立实现, 网元 之间不需要任何交互, 实现简单。 本发明实施例不需要新增网元设备。 本发 明实施例不需要新增协议来支持。
本发明实施例在保证视频播放质量的前提下, 通过一种简单有效的方法, 提高网络资源尤其是无线资源的利用率, 从而节省从基站到基站控制器的回 传链路以及 RAN侧到核心网间的传输成本, 减轻 RAN侧和核心网数据业务 的扩容压力, 使得更多用户的视频访问得到保障。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流 程, 是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成, 所述的程序可存储于 一计算机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 可包括如上述各方法的实施 例的流程。其中,所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory, ROM )或随机存 己忆体 ( Random Access Memory, RAM )等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明 的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发 明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种带宽控制方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息, 并将所述流媒体点播 业务的 HTTP请求消息向媒体服务器转发;
接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息 对应的 HTTP响应消息;
对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率; 根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较 结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输 带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述对所述 HTTP响应消 息进行解析, 获得待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率, 包括:
从所述 HTTP响应消息的媒体格式控制头中解析得到播放码率字段, 或 者, 从所述 HTTP响应消息的头部域中解析得到流媒体文件长度字段, 并从 所述 HTTP响应消息的媒体格式控制头中解析得到播放时长字段;
如果播放码率字段存在, 则所述待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率等于该 播放码率字段值; 如果播放码率字段不存在, 则所述待传输的流媒体文件的 播放码率等于所述流媒体文件长度字段值与所述播放时长字段值的比值。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述播放码 率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述流媒 体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 包括:
将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得到的第一传输带宽和该流媒体点播业 务初始分配的用户签约带宽进行比较;
如果所述第一传输带宽大于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约 带宽为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽;
如果所述第一传输带宽小于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述第一传输带宽为 所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述播放码 率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述流媒 体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 包括:
将所述流媒体文件的播放码率和该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约 带宽进行比较;
如果所述播放码率大于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约带宽 为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽;
如果所述播放码率小于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述播放码率为所述流媒 体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 或者, 将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得 到, 且小于所述用户签约带宽的第一传输带宽作为所述流媒体点播业务实际 分配的传输带宽。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果所述媒体服务器以多 个分包的形式返回与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息对应的 HTTP响 应消息,
所述接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求 消息对应的 HTTP响应消息的步骤之后, 进一步包括:
从所述 HTTP响应消息中提取出特征元组, 将所述特征元组与维护的特 征元组管理表进行匹配, 如果匹配成功, 且所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联 的码率识别状态标识表示播放码率未被识别出, 则执行所述对所述 HTTP响 应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率的步骤;
如果匹配不成功, 则执行所述对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待 传输的流媒体文件的播放码率的步骤。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果匹配成功, 且所述匹 配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识表示播放码率已被识别出 , 则 直接釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果匹配不成功, 所述对 所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率的步骤 之后, 进一步包括:
将从所述 HTTP响应消息中提取出的特征元组与用于表示播放码率已被 识别出的码率识别状态标识关联起来, 作为新的特征元组记录添加到所述特 征元组管理表中; 或者,
将从所述 HTTP响应消息中提取出的特征元组, 作为新的特征元组记录 添加到所述特征元组管理表中, 其中所述特征元组记录指向一码率识别状态 标识, 所述码率识别状态标识用于表示播放码率已被识别出。
8、 根据权利要求 5或 6或 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述特征元组管 理表中的每条特征元组记录用于表征用户对应的连接, 其中, 每条特征元组 记录包括源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地址、 目的端口、 协议类型和用户标识 中的一项和多项;
所述从所述 HTTP响应消息中提取出特征元组, 包括:
对所述 HTTP响应消息进行预处理, 剥离出 IP数据报文;
从所述 IP数据报文中提取出用户标识、 源 IP地址、 源端口、 目的 IP地 址、 目的端口、 协议类型中的一项和多项。
9、 一种通信设备, 其特征在于, 所述设备包括:
第一通信接口模块, 用于获取网络上传输的 HTTP请求消息;
协议识别模块, 用于识别出所述 HTTP请求消息为流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息;
第二通信接口模块, 用于将所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息向媒 体服务器转发, 并接收所述媒体服务器返回的、 与所述流媒体点播业务的
HTTP请求消息对应的 HTTP响应消息;
码率识别模块, 用于对所述 HTTP响应消息进行解析, 获得待传输的流 媒体文件的播放码率;
带宽控制模块, 用于根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务初始分配的 用户签约带宽的比较结果, 确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述确定的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的设备, 其特征在于, 所述码率识别模块具体 用于: 从所述 HTTP响应消息的媒体格式控制头中解析得到播放码率字段, 或者, 从所述 HTTP响应消息的头部域中解析得到流媒体文件长度字段, 并 从所述 HTTP响应消息的媒体格式控制头中解析得到播放时长字段; 如果播 放码率字段存在, 则所述待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率等于该播放码率字 段值; 如果播放码率字段不存在, 则所述待传输的流媒体文件的播放码率等 于所述流媒体文件长度字段值与所述播放时长字段值的比值。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的设备, 其特征在于, 所述带宽控制模块包括: 第一比较单元, 用于将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得到的第一传输带 宽和该流媒体点播业务初始分配的用户签约带宽进行比较;
第一带宽控制单元, 用于如果所述第一比较单元比较出所述第一传输带 宽大于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约带宽为所述流媒体点播业 务实际分配的传输带宽; 如果所述第一比较单元比较出所述第一传输带宽小 于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述第一传输带宽为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配 的传输带宽; 釆用所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽控制所述流媒体 文件的传输。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的设备, 其特征在于, 所述带宽控制模块包括: 第二比较单元, 用于将所述流媒体文件的播放码率和该流媒体点播业务 初始分配的用户签约带宽进行比较;
第二带宽控制单元, 用于如果所述第二比较单元比较出所述播放码率大 于或等于所述用户签约带宽, 则所述用户签约带宽为所述流媒体点播业务实 际分配的传输带宽; 如果所述第二比较单元比较出所述播放码率小于所述用 户签约带宽, 则所述播放码率为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽, 或者, 将所述播放码率加上第一调整值得到, 且小于所述用户签约带宽的第 一传输带宽作为所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传输带宽; 釆用所述流媒体 点播业务实际分配的传输带宽控制所述流媒体文件的传输。
13、 根据权利要求 9至 12任一项所述的设备, 其特征在于, 所述设备进 一步包括:
特征元组提取模块, 用于从所述第二通信接口模块接收的 HTTP响应消 息中提取出的特征元组;
特征元组管理模块, 用于将所述特征元组与维护的特征元组管理表进行 匹配 , 如果匹配成功且所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识 表示播放码率未被识别出, 或者匹配不成功, 触发所述码率识别模块处理; 如果匹配成功且所述匹配的特征元组记录所关联的码率识别状态标识表示播 放码率已被识别出, 触发所述带宽控制模块直接釆用所述确定的传输带宽控 制所述流媒体文件的传输。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的设备, 其特征在于, 其特征在于, 所述特征 元组管理模块, 进一步用于如果匹配不成功, 将所述特征元组提取模块提取 出的特征元组与用于表示所述码率识别模块已识别出播放码率的码率识别状 态标识关联起来, 作为新的特征元组记录添加到维护的特征元组管理表中; 或者, 将所述特征元组提取模块提取出的特征元组, 作为新的特征元组记录 添加到维护的特征元组管理表中, 其中所述特征元组记录指向一码率识别状 态标识, 所述码率识别状态标识用于表示所述码率识别模块已识别出播放码 率。
15、 一种移动用户访问流媒体文件的***, 其特征在于, 所述***包括: 终端, 通信设备和媒体服务器, 其中:
所述终端用于发送用户的流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息;
所述通信设备用于获取并识别出流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息后, 向所述媒体服务器转发; 接收并解析所述媒体服务器返回的 HTTP响应消息, 获得待传输流媒体文件的播放码率; 根据所述播放码率与该流媒体点播业务 初始分配的用户签约带宽的比较结果确定所述流媒体点播业务实际分配的传 输带宽; 并在接收到所述承载有流媒体数据的 HTTP响应消息后, 釆用所述 确定的传输带宽向所述终端传输;
所述媒体服务器用于接收所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息, 并返 回与所述流媒体点播业务的 HTTP请求消息对应的、 承载有媒体格式控制头 的 HTTP响应消息; 以及, 返回承载有流媒体数据的 HTTP响应消息。
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