WO2012078132A1 - Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and asscociated methods of use and manufacture - Google Patents
Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and asscociated methods of use and manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012078132A1 WO2012078132A1 PCT/US2010/059146 US2010059146W WO2012078132A1 WO 2012078132 A1 WO2012078132 A1 WO 2012078132A1 US 2010059146 W US2010059146 W US 2010059146W WO 2012078132 A1 WO2012078132 A1 WO 2012078132A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- force generator
- valve
- injector
- fuel
- Prior art date
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
- F02M57/06—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sparking plugs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
Definitions
- the following disclosure relates generally to fuel injectors suitable for adaptively controlling one or more force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel.
- Fuel injection systems are typically used to inject a fuel spray into an inlet manifold or a combustion chamber of an engine. Fuel injection systems have become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors since the late 1980s. Conventional fuel injection systems are typically connected to a pressurized fuel supply, and fuel injectors used in these fuel injection systems generally inject or otherwise release the pressurized fuel into the combustion chamber at a specific time relative to the power stroke of the engine. In many engines, and particularly in large engines, the size of the bore or port through which the fuel injector enters the combustion chamber is small. This small port accordingly limits the size of the components that can be used to actuate or otherwise inject fuel from the injector. Moreover, such engines also generally have crowded intake and exhaust valve train mechanisms, further restricting the space available for components of these fuel injection systems.
- Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an integrated injector/igniter ("injector”) configured in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an injector configured in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure.
- the present disclosure describes integrated fuel injection and ignition devices for use with internal combustion engines, as well as associated systems, assemblies, components, and methods regarding the same.
- these fuel injectors/igniters include force generating assemblies having two or more force generating components for (a) inducing movement of one or more fuel flow valves to inject fuel into a combustion chamber and (b) initiating an ignition event (e.g., heated filament or plasma initiation) to ignite the fuel in the combustion chamber.
- an ignition event e.g., heated filament or plasma initiation
- these fuel injectors/igniters can include a first solenoid winding or first piezoelectric component and a second solenoid winding or second piezoelectric component.
- Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an integrated injector/igniter 100 (“injector 100") configured in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
- injector 100 shown in Figure 1 is intended to schematically illustrate several of the features of the injectors and assemblies configured in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure. Accordingly, these features described with reference to Figure 1 are not intended to limit any of the features of the injectors and assemblies described below.
- the injector 100 includes a body 102 having a middle portion 104 extending between a first end portion or base portion 106 and a second end portion or nozzle portion 108.
- the nozzle portion 108 is configured to at least partially extend through an engine head 1 10 to inject and ignite fuel at or near an interface 1 1 1 with a combustion chamber 1 12.
- the injector 100 is particularly suited to provide adaptive and rapid fuel injection under high fuel delivery pressure, while also providing for rapid ignition and complete combustion in the combustion chamber 1 12.
- the injector 100 also includes an ignition feature 1 14, such as a conductive electrode, carried by the nozzle portion 108.
- the ignition feature 1 14 is positioned proximate to the interface 1 1 1 of the combustion chamber 1 12 and is configured to ignite fuel flowing through the nozzle portion 108 past the ignition feature 1 14.
- the ignition feature 1 14 is operably coupled to a conductor 1 16 extending through the body 102.
- the conductor 1 16 extends from the nozzle portion 108 through the middle portion 104, and can optionally further extend at least partially into the base portion 106. In certain embodiments, for example, the conductor 1 16 can extend completely through the base portion 106.
- the conductor 1 16 is coupled to one or more energy sources that supply ignition energy or voltage.
- the conductor 1 16 can be coupled to an energy source at the base portion 106 or at the middle portion 104 of the body 102. Accordingly, the conductor 1 16 can supply ignition energy to the ignition feature 1 14 to ignite fuel by a heated filament and/or by direct or alternating plasma current.
- the injector 100 further includes a fuel flow valve 1 18 and a valve operator assembly 128 carried by the base portion.
- the valve 1 18 is schematically shown in Figure 1 as being positioned in the base portion 106, in other embodiments the valve can be positioned at other locations within the injector 100, including, for example, at the nozzle portion 108 and/or at the middle portion 104.
- the valve 1 18 can extend through more than one portion of the body 102, including, for example, through the entire body 102.
- the injector 100 can include two or more valves carried by the body 102 at various locations.
- any of the features of the injector 100 described herein with reference to Figure 1 can be used in conjunction with any of the injectors described in detail in the patents and patent applications referenced above and otherwise referenced herein, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the valve operator assembly 128 is configured to actuate or otherwise move the valve 1 18 to allow fuel to flow through the body 102 and to introduce the fuel into the combustion chamber 1 12. More specifically, the valve operator assembly 128 includes a force generator assembly 122 that actuates or otherwise induces movement of a plunger armature or driver 120 (e.g., in one embodiment by generating a magnetic force).
- the driver 120 is configured to move or otherwise actuate the valve 1 18.
- the driver 120 can move from a first position to a second position to contact or strike the valve 1 18 and consequently move the valve 1 18 from a closed position to an open position. In other embodiments, however, such as when a flow valve is positioned at the nozzle portion 108, the driver 120 can contact or otherwise move an actuator, such as a plunger, rod, or cable that is operably coupled to the valve.
- the force generator assembly 122 can be an electrical, electromechanical, and/or electromagnetic force generator that operates as an electrical transformer.
- the force generator assembly 122 includes a primary or first force generator 124 proximate to a secondary or second force generator 126.
- the force generator assembly 122 can include more than two separate force generators, including, for example, three or more force generators.
- the first force generator 124 can be a piezoelectric component that can be actuated to provide a force to move the valve 1 18.
- the first force generator 124 can be a solenoid winding.
- the second force generator 126 can also be a piezoelectric component or a solenoid winding.
- the first solenoid 124 can be coupled to an energy supply source that supplies current (e.g., pulsed or interrupted direct current) to the first solenoid 124.
- the second solenoid 126 is conductively coupled to the conductor 1 16 via an electrically insulated solenoid conductor 130. As such, the second solenoid 126 is electrically coupled to the ignition feature 1 14.
- the force generator assembly 122 accordingly functions as a transformer that provides a motive force for injecting fuel from the injector 100 into the combustion chamber 1 12.
- the force generator assembly 122 also provides ignition energy for at least partially initiating ignition of the injected fuel in the combustion chamber 1 12.
- the first solenoid 124 when current is applied to the first solenoid 124, the first solenoid 124 generates a force, such as a magnetic force or magnetic flux, which actuates or otherwise moves the driver 120.
- the driver 120 moves in response to the first solenoid 124, the driver 120 in turn actuates the valve 1 18 to inject the fuel into the combustion chamber 1 12.
- the driver 120 can directly contact the valve 1 18 or a valve actuator to move the valve 1 18 to an open position.
- the magnetic field from the first solenoid 124 induces ignition energy or voltage in the second solenoid 126.
- the second solenoid 126 is electrically coupled to the ignition feature 1 14 via the conductor 1 16, the second solenoid 126 can accordingly supply ignition energy (e.g., voltage and/or current) to the ignition feature 1 14 for at least initiating the ignition of the fuel.
- current can also be supplied to the second solenoid 126 to induce the movement of the driver 120.
- the second solenoid 126 can accordingly supplement or aid the first solenoid 124 in controlling the movement of the valve 1 18.
- the first solenoid 124 can be actuated with approximately 10-1 ,000 volts, and the second solenoid 126 can be induced to provide at least approximately 10,000 volts.
- the first solenoid 124 can be in a separate circuit from the second solenoid 126. In another embodiment, however, the first solenoid 124 can be arranged in parallel in a circuit with the second solenoid 126. In other embodiments, the first solenoid 124 can be arranged in series in a circuit with the second solenoid 126. Moreover, the first solenoid 124 can be arranged in the base portion 106 concentrically with the second solenoid 126.
- first solenoid 124 in Figure 1 is shown as positioned radially outwardly from the second solenoid 126, in other embodiments the first solenoid 124 can be positioned radially inwardly from the second solenoid 126. In other embodiments, however, the first solenoid 124 and the second solenoid 126 can be positioned or arranged in other configurations, including, for example, non-concentric arrangements for increased packing efficiency within the base portion 106.
- the winding conductor of the first solenoid 124 can have a cross- sectional dimension (diameter) that is greater than a corresponding cross-sectional dimension (diameter) of the winding conductor of the second solenoid 126 to accommodate a greater current flowing through the first solenoid 124.
- the diameter of the winding conductor of the first solenoid 124 can be approximately 10 times greater than the diameter of the winding of the second solenoid 126. In other embodiments, however, the diameter of the winding conductor of the first solenoid 124 can be greater than or less than approximately 10 times the diameter of the winding conductor of the second solenoid 126.
- the ratio of the turns or revolutions of the winding conductors of the first solenoid 124 and the second solenoid 126 can be configured to step up or step down the ignition energy or voltage that is induced in the second solenoid 126 to achieve a desired or predetermined induced ignition energy or voltage for supplying the ignition energy.
- the second solenoid 126 can include a greater number of turns or revolutions of the winding conductor than the first solenoid 124 to step up the induced ignition energy or voltage in the second solenoid 126.
- the second solenoid 126 can include a number of turns or revolutions that is 10 times greater than that of the first solenoid 124. In other embodiments, however, this ratio can be adjusted to achieve any desired induced ignition energy or voltage in the second solenoid 1 26.
- the second force generator 126 can be configured to generate an ignition event (e.g., initial heating and/or plasma development) with relatively low current applied to the first force generator 124.
- the winding conductors of the first solenoid 124 and the second solenoid 126 can also be suitably insulated to prevent a short during operation, and particularly in operation at high voltages.
- the first force generator 124 can include multiple primary solenoid windings.
- these multiple primary windings can have opposite polarities (e.g., + or -) or different ignition energies or voltages to provide for finer resolution to adjust the movement including the frequency of cyclic motion of the valve 1 18 and/or the ignition energy or voltage induced in the second force generator 126.
- the injector 100 can also include an optional ignition energy or voltage supply conductor 131 .
- the voltage supply conductor 131 can be coupled to a suitable ignition energy or voltage source that is separate from the force generator assembly 122, and more particularly, separate from the second solenoid 126.
- the voltage supply conductor 131 is also electrically coupled to the ignition feature 1 14 via the conductor 1 16.
- the voltage supply conductor 131 can provide ignition energy to the ignition feature 1 14 to generate an ignition event. Therefore, the voltage supply conductor 131 can provide ignition energy separately from the second solenoid 126, as well as in combination with the second solenoid 126.
- the voltage supply conductor 131 is coupled to the conductor 1 16 at the middle portion 104 of the body 102, in other embodiments the voltage supply conductor 131 can be coupled to the conductor 1 16 at the base portion 106 of the body 102.
- the base portion 106 can also include a plating, casing, or housing 129 at least partially encompassing the force generator assembly 122.
- the housing 129 can be a metallic housing that provides shielding, such as radio frequency (RF) shielding for the force generator assembly 122.
- RF radio frequency
- the housing 129 can shield the force generator assembly 122 during operation from other RF devices or sources.
- the housing 129 can further prevent the force generator assembly 122 from receiving or interfering with other RF devices or sources.
- the injector 100 can further include sensors or other instrumentation configured to detect operating conditions.
- the injector 100 can include fiber optic cables extending at least partially through the body 102 or other sensors positioned in the nozzle portion 108 that are configured to detect combustion chamber properties (as illustrated and described below with reference to sensor instrumentation component 290 of Figure 2).
- the valve operator assembly 128 and/or the force generator assembly 122 can accordingly be adaptively controlled in response to one or more combustion chamber conditions.
- fuel is introduced into the base portion 106 and exits the base portion 106 into a fuel flow path or channel 1 17.
- the fuel flow channel 1 17 extends through the body 102 from the base portion 106 through the middle portion 104 to the nozzle portion 108.
- Precise metered amounts of fuel can be selectively and adaptively introduced through the fuel flow channel 1 17 into the combustion chamber 1 12 by the injector 100.
- the driver 120 actuates the valve 1 18 to slide, rotate, or otherwise move from a closed position to an open position.
- the force generator assembly 122 controls the movement of the valve 1 18.
- the force generator assembly 122 is configured to (1 ) control fuel flow by opening the valve 1 18 and/or any other valve assemblies and (2) produce heating and/or ionizing ignition energy or voltage upon completion of the valve opening function.
- the force generator assembly 122 can be a solenoid winding including a first or primary winding 124 or a first piezoelectric component 124, and a secondary winding 126 or a second piezoelectric component 126.
- the secondary winding 126 can include more turns than the first winding 124.
- Each winding can also include one or more layers of insulation (e.g., varnish or other suitable insulators); however, the secondary winding 126 may include more insulating layers than the first winding 124.
- the force generator assembly 122 can also be electrically coupled to the conductor 1 16.
- the primary winding 124 can carry high current upon application of ignition energy or voltage to produce pull or otherwise induce movement of the driver 120 or plunger armature.
- the driver 120 Upon opening the relay to the primary winding 124, the driver 120 is released and a very high ignition energy or voltage is produced by the secondary winding 126.
- the high ignition energy or voltage of the secondary winding 126 can be applied to the heating and/or plasma generation ignition event by providing the initial heating and/or ionization to the ignition feature 1 14 via the conductor 1 16, after which relatively lower ignition energy or voltage discharge of a capacitor carried by the injector 100 that has been charged with any suitable source (including energy harvested from the combustion chamber by photovoltaic, thermoelectric, and piezoelectric generators) continues to supply ionizing current and thrust of fuel into the combustion chamber 1 12.
- any suitable source including energy harvested from the combustion chamber by photovoltaic, thermoelectric, and piezoelectric generators
- the injector 100 can adapt injection and ignition, or otherwise be controlled according to the energy required to initiate ignition and complete combustion for fuels with different energy densities and/or ignition characteristics. For example, less ignition energy may be required for hydrogen-characterized fuels that are easier to ignite than, for instance, diesel fuels having a greater ignition energy requirement. In such cases, the ignition energy may be provided solely by the second force generator 126. In embodiments requiring greater ignition energy, however, the second force generator 126 can provide the increased energy alone or in combination with a second energy source coupled to the conductor 1 16 via the voltage supply conductor 131 .
- hydrogen and diesel fuels are given above, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present disclosure can be used with numerous different fuels, including at least hydrogen- and/or diesel-characterized fuels.
- the injector 100 also provides for several scenarios of using harvested energy in operation to at least partially aid in injecting and igniting the fuel. For example, when the first force generator 124 induces movement of the driver 120, the second force generator 126 harvests energy from the first force generator 124 as the ignition energy is induced in the second force generator 126. Moreover, energy from the second force generator 126 can be applied to actuate a piezoelectric component to actuate the valve 1 18.
- the injector 100 can further use energy harvested from the combustion chamber 1 12 (e.g., energy stored in a capacitor) to initiate and/or sustain the ignition event. For example, light energy, pressure energy, thermal energy, acoustical energy, vibration, and/or other types of energy can be used to initiate and sustain the fuel ignition event.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an integrated injector/igniter 200 (“injector 200") configured in accordance with yet another embodiment of the disclosure.
- the injector 200 illustrated in Figure 2 includes several features that are generally similar in structure and function to the corresponding features of the injector 100 described above with reference to Figure 1 .
- the injector 200 includes a body 202 having a middle portion 204 extending between a first or base portion 206 and a second or nozzle portion 208.
- the nozzle portion 208 is configured to extend into an injection port in a cylinder head.
- the injector 200 further includes one or more base assemblies 227 (identified individually as a first base assembly 227a and a second base assembly 227b) configured to receive fuel into the base portion 206 of the injector 200 and selectively meter the fuel to the nozzle portion 208, as well as to provide ignition energy to the nozzle portion 208. More specifically, each base assembly 227 includes a force generator assembly 222 configured to actuate a corresponding poppet or base valve 254, as well as to provide ignition energy to a corresponding conductor 216 extending through the body 202.
- the force generator assembly 222 includes at least a first force generator 224 (e.g., at least one solenoid winding or piezoelectric component) as well as a second force generator 226 (e.g., at least one solenoid winding or piezoelectric component). Similar to the force generator assembly 122 described above with reference to Figure 1 , the force generator assembly 222 in Figure 2 is configured to (1 ) control fuel flow by opening any of the valve assemblies and (2) produce heating and/or ionizing ignition energy or voltage upon completion of the valve opening function.
- a first force generator 224 e.g., at least one solenoid winding or piezoelectric component
- a second force generator 226 e.g., at least one solenoid winding or piezoelectric component
- the force generator assembly 222 can include the first force generator 224 that is a first or primary solenoid winding, and the second force generator 226 that is a secondary solenoid winding.
- the force generator assembly 222, and specifically the secondary solenoid winding 226, can be coupled to the conductor 216 via a voltage supply conductor 230.
- the secondary winding 226 can include more turns than the first winding 224.
- Each of the first and secondary windings 224, 226 can also include one or more layers of insulation (e.g., varnish or other suitable insulators); however, the secondary winding 226 may include more insulating layers than the first winding 224.
- the force generator assembly 222 can also be electrically coupled to the conductor 216.
- the force generator assembly 222 By configuring the force generator assembly 222 as a transformer with a primary winding 224 and a secondary winding 226 of many more turns, the primary winding 224 can carry high current upon application of ignition energy or voltage to produce pull or otherwise induce movement of a valve actuating driver or plunger armature. Upon opening the relay to the primary winding 224, the valve actuating driver is released and a very high ignition energy or voltage is produced by the secondary winding 226.
- the high ignition energy or voltage of the secondary winding 226 can be applied to the heating and/or plasma generation ignition event such as by providing the initial ionization after which relatively lower ignition energy or voltage discharge of a capacitor that has been charged with any suitable source (including energy harvested from the combustion chamber by photovoltaic, thermoelectric, and piezoelectric generators) continues to supply ionizing current and thrust of fuel into the combustion chamber.
- any suitable source including energy harvested from the combustion chamber by photovoltaic, thermoelectric, and piezoelectric generators
- the force generator assembly 222 can also be operably coupled to a corresponding controller or processor 223 (identified individually a first controller 223a and a second controller 223b) to selectively pulse or actuate the force generator assembly 222, for example, in response to one or more combustion chamber conditions or other engine parameters.
- the driver 220 engages a first check valve or base valve 254 at the base portion 206.
- the base valve 254 includes one or more stops 229 that engage a biasing member 271 (e.g., a coil spring or magnet) positioned in a biasing member cavity 219 to bias the base valve 254 toward a closed position as shown in Figure 2 (e.g., in a direction toward the nozzle portion 208).
- a biasing member 271 e.g., a coil spring or magnet
- the base valve stop 229 also engages the driver 220 such that the driver 220 moves the base valve 254 between the open and closed positions.
- the base valve 254 also includes a base valve head or sealing portion 256 that engages a corresponding valve seat 258 in the normally closed position as shown.
- the injector 200 also includes a fuel inlet fitting 238 (identified individually as a first fuel inlet fitting 238a and a second fuel inlet fitting 238b) operably coupled to the corresponding base assembly 227 to introduce the fuel into the respective base assembly 227.
- a fuel inlet fitting 238 (identified individually as a first fuel inlet fitting 238a and a second fuel inlet fitting 238b) operably coupled to the corresponding base assembly 227 to introduce the fuel into the respective base assembly 227.
- the fuel flows through the force generator assembly 222 and the driver 220 to move past the base valve head 256 when the base valve 254 is in the open position.
- the injector 200 further includes fuel connecting conduits 257 (identified individually as a first fuel connecting conduit 257a and a second fuel connecting conduit 257b) to transport the fuel from the base portion 206 to a fuel flow path or channel 217 extending through the middle portion 204 and the nozzle portion 208 of the body 202.
- the fuel flow channel 217 extends longitudinally adjacent to a core assembly 213, which extends through the body 202 from the base portion 206 at least partially into the nozzle portion 208.
- the core assembly 213 includes a core insulator 240 coaxially disposed over an ignition member or conductor 216.
- the core assembly 213 also includes a cylindrical or tubular enclosure member 288 that at least partially defines the fuel flow channel 217 with the ignition insulator 240.
- the core assembly 213 extends through an insulative body 242 of the body 202.
- the ignition conductor 216 is operably coupled to an ignition terminal 233 to supply an ignition energy or voltage (in addition to ignition voltage or energy from the force generator assembly 222) to an ignition electrode 284 that may have one or more ignition features 286.
- the ignition electrode 284 is a first electrode that can generate ignition events with a second electrode 285, which can be a conductive portion of the distal end of the nozzle portion 208, or it can be a suitable proximate portion of the cylinder head port.
- the ignition insulator 240 includes an enlarged end portion 283 that may have a greater cross-sectional dimension (e.g., a greater cross-sectional diameter) adjacent to the ignition electrode 284.
- the enlarged end portion 283 of the ignition insulator 240 is configured to contact a flow control valve 266 carried by the nozzle portion 208.
- the flow valve 266 is a radially expanding valve that includes a first or stationary end portion 268 that is anchored, adhered, or otherwise coupled to the enclosure member 288 at a location upstream from the enlarged end portion 283 of the ignition insulator 240.
- the first end portion 268 can be adhered to an outer surface of the enclosure member 288 with a suitable adhesive, thermopolymer, thermosetting compound, or other suitable adhesive or anchoring provision.
- the flow valve 266 further includes a second deformable or movable end portion 270 opposite the first stationary end portion 268.
- the movable end portion 270 contacts the enlarged end portion 283 of the ignition insulator 240 and is configured to at least partially radially open, expand, enlarge, or otherwise deform to allow fuel to exit the nozzle portion 208 of the injector 200. More specifically, the enclosure member 288 includes multiple fuel exit ports 269 adjacent to the movable end portion 270 of the flow valve 266.
- fuel is introduced into the base assembly 227 via the fuel inlet fitting 238.
- the fuel flows through the force generator assembly 222 and suitable passageways through the driver 220 to arrive at the base valve head 256.
- the driver 220 can include one or more fuel passageways extending adjacent to an outer periphery or diameter of the driver 220 as shown in broken lines in Figure 2.
- the force generator assembly 222 moves the base valve 254 to the open position to space the base valve head 256 apart from the valve seat 258, the fuel flows past the base valve head 256 and into the fuel connecting conduits 257. From the fuel connecting conduits 257, the pressurized fuel flows into the fuel flow channel 217.
- the pressure of the fuel in the fuel flow channel 217 is sufficient to open, expand, or deform the movable end portion 270 of the flow valve 266 radially outwardly to allow the fuel to flow past the enlarged end portion 283 of the ignition insulator 240.
- one or more actuators, drivers, selective biasing members, or other suitable force generators can at least partially radially open, expand, or otherwise deform the movable end portion 270 of the flow valve 266.
- the flow valve 266 selectively dispenses the fuel from the fuel exit ports 269, the fuel flows past the one or more ignition features 286 that can generate an ignition event to ignite and inject the fuel into the combustion chamber.
- the force generator assembly 222 can provide at least the initial ionization or ignition energy to the ignition feature 284 via the voltage supply connector 230 and the conductor 216.
- the ignition terminal 233 can further supplement or otherwise supply ionization or ignition energy to the ignition feature 284 via the conductor 216.
- ignition energy can also be provided by the relatively greater or lower ignition energy or voltage discharge of a capacitor that has been charged with any suitable source (including energy harvested from the combustion chamber by photovoltaic, thermoelectric, and piezoelectric generators) to continue to supply ionizing current and thrust of fuel into the combustion chamber.
- An injector configured in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure can in include an injector body having a base portion configured to receive fuel into the body, and a nozzle portion coupled to the base portion.
- the nozzle portion is configured to be positioned proximate to the combustion chamber for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber.
- the injector also includes an ignition feature at the nozzle portion and configured to generate an ignition event to at least partially ignite fuel, a valve carried by the body, wherein the valve is movable to an open position to introduce fuel into the combustion chamber, and a force generator assembly carried by the base portion.
- the force generator assembly includes a valve driver carried by the base portion, and a force generator carried by the base portion and configured to actuate the valve driver.
- the valve driver is movable between a first position and a second position
- the force generator includes a first solenoid winding or a configured to generate a magnetic field, and a second solenoid winding separate from the first solenoid winding and electrically coupled to the ignition feature.
- the magnetic field moves the valve driver from the first position to the second position to move the valve to the open position.
- the magnetic field also generates ignition energy in the second solenoid.
- the second solenoid supplies the ignition energy to the ignition feature to at least partially initiate the ignition event.
- the first solenoid winding is in parallel in a circuit with the second solenoid winding. In other embodiments, however, the first solenoid winding is in series in a circuit with the second solenoid winding. Moreover, the first solenoid winding can be concentric with the second solenoid winding, or the first solenoid winding may not be concentric with the second solenoid winding.
- the injector can further include a fuel inlet fluidly coupled to the force generator assembly to introduce fuel into the base portion via the force generator assembly.
- the second ignition energy source is a capacitor carried by the injector body, and the second motive force moves the valve only from the open position to the closed position.
- a method of operating a fuel injector to inject fuel into a combustion chamber and at least partially ignite the fuel comprises introducing at least one of fuel or coolant into a body of the fuel injector, actuating a valve with a first force generator to dispense the fuel from the body into the combustion chamber; and activating an ignition feature with a second force generator electrically coupled to the ignition feature, wherein the second force generator is adjacent to the first force generator.
- the second force generator can provide electrical inducement coupling with the first force generator.
- the force generating assemblies described herein can include more than two force generating components (e.g., more than two solenoid windings or piezoelectric components).
- components of the injector may be varied, including, for example, the electrodes, the optics, the actuators, the valves, the nozzles, and/or the bodies may be made from alternative materials or may include alternative configurations than those shown and described and still be within the spirit of the disclosure.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2013006424A MX2013006424A (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and asscociated methods of use and manufacture. |
CA2820447A CA2820447A1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and associated methods of use and manufact ure |
BR112013014111A BR112013014111A2 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | integrated fuel injector ignition components incorporating fuel injection and ignition power generation assemblies and associated methods of use and manufacture |
JP2013543132A JP5629019B2 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injection igniter with force generating assembly for fuel injection and ignition, and related uses and manufacturing methods |
PCT/US2010/059146 WO2012078132A1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and asscociated methods of use and manufacture |
CN2010800711770A CN103403336A (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and associated methods of use and manufacture |
EP10860500.7A EP2649296A4 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and asscociated methods of use and manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2010/059146 WO2012078132A1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and asscociated methods of use and manufacture |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012078132A1 true WO2012078132A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
Family
ID=46207407
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2010/059146 WO2012078132A1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Integrated fuel injector igniters having force generating assemblies for injecting and igniting fuel and asscociated methods of use and manufacture |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2649296A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5629019B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103403336A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013014111A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2820447A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2013006424A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012078132A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
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US4777925A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1988-10-18 | Lasota Lawrence | Combined fuel injection-spark ignition apparatus |
US20050045146A1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2005-03-03 | Mckay Michael Leonard | Direct injection of fuels in internal combustion engines |
US7628137B1 (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2009-12-08 | Mcalister Roy E | Multifuel storage, metering and ignition system |
US20100043758A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2010-02-25 | Caley David J | Fuel injection apparatus |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1591508A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1981-06-24 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Fuel injection nozzle units for direct injection internal combustion engines |
JPH0719142A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-01-20 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Spark plug with fuel injection valve |
EP0661446B1 (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1998-05-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | A fuel injector with an integrated spark plug for a direct injection type engine |
JP2001512564A (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 2001-08-21 | オプトランド,インコーポレイテッド | Injector with built-in fiber optic pressure sensor and associated compensation status monitoring device |
AUPQ588500A0 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2000-03-23 | Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Proprietary Limited | Combined fuel injection and ignition means |
DE10337630A1 (en) * | 2003-08-16 | 2005-03-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Fuel injection valve with integrated ignition plug has hollow valve body holding high voltage electrode that ends approximately flush with valve body, ignition transformer with primary and secondary windings in housing |
DE102006037040B4 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-07-24 | Siemens Ag | Fuel injector with ignition |
JP4818873B2 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2011-11-16 | 東洋電装株式会社 | Spark plug integrated multifunction ignition device |
CN100460666C (en) * | 2007-04-09 | 2009-02-11 | 李岳 | Combustion-supporting purifying combustion device of engine |
-
2010
- 2010-12-06 BR BR112013014111A patent/BR112013014111A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-12-06 CA CA2820447A patent/CA2820447A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-12-06 JP JP2013543132A patent/JP5629019B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-06 EP EP10860500.7A patent/EP2649296A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-12-06 WO PCT/US2010/059146 patent/WO2012078132A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-12-06 CN CN2010800711770A patent/CN103403336A/en active Pending
- 2010-12-06 MX MX2013006424A patent/MX2013006424A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4777925A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1988-10-18 | Lasota Lawrence | Combined fuel injection-spark ignition apparatus |
US20050045146A1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2005-03-03 | Mckay Michael Leonard | Direct injection of fuels in internal combustion engines |
US20100043758A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2010-02-25 | Caley David J | Fuel injection apparatus |
US7628137B1 (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2009-12-08 | Mcalister Roy E | Multifuel storage, metering and ignition system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP2649296A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2649296A4 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
JP2013545034A (en) | 2013-12-19 |
JP5629019B2 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
BR112013014111A2 (en) | 2016-09-20 |
EP2649296A1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
CN103403336A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
MX2013006424A (en) | 2013-09-02 |
CA2820447A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
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