WO2012063938A1 - Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides, et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides, et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012063938A1
WO2012063938A1 PCT/JP2011/076062 JP2011076062W WO2012063938A1 WO 2012063938 A1 WO2012063938 A1 WO 2012063938A1 JP 2011076062 W JP2011076062 W JP 2011076062W WO 2012063938 A1 WO2012063938 A1 WO 2012063938A1
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liquid crystal
alignment
display device
crystal display
alignment region
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PCT/JP2011/076062
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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健史 野間
真伸 水▲崎▼
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シャープ株式会社
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Publication of WO2012063938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012063938A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • G02F1/133761—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle with different pretilt angles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
    • G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which a polymer layer is formed on an alignment film in order to increase the alignment regulating force of liquid crystal, and a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device that can suitably form a polymer layer.
  • a liquid crystal display device is a display panel that controls light transmission / blocking (display on / off) by controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules having birefringence.
  • a technique for aligning liquid crystal molecules for example, a rubbing method is used in which after an alignment film material is applied, grooves are formed by a roller or the like to form an alignment film.
  • alignment control structures such as a bank-like protrusion formed of a dielectric provided on the electrode and a slit provided on the electrode
  • an alignment film material having a photo-alignment functional group instead of rubbing treatment, such as a method for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules using UV and UV 2 A (Ultraviolet induced multi-domain Vertical Alignment) technology
  • UV and UV 2 A Ultraviolet induced multi-domain Vertical Alignment
  • liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the substrate surface when no voltage is applied.
  • the liquid crystal molecules become a voltage. It is tilted and oriented at an appropriate angle.
  • a plurality of regions (domains) in which the directions in which the liquid crystal molecules fall are different from each other are formed in one pixel by slits or bank-like protrusions provided on the electrodes.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between relative luminance and gradation in a conventional liquid crystal display device.
  • FIG. 5 shows the relationship between relative luminance and gradation when the screen is viewed from the front (viewing angle 0 °) and obliquely (viewing angles 30 ° and 60 °).
  • viewing angle 0 ° viewing angle 0 °
  • viewing angles 30 ° and 60 ° viewing angles 30 ° and 60 °.
  • the relative luminance is higher when viewed from an oblique direction than when viewed from the front.
  • MPD Multi-Pixel-Drive
  • a liquid crystal material containing a monomer is injected between substrates, the monomer is polymerized in a state where a voltage is applied, and a polymer in which the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules fall is memorized is stored.
  • a technique (PSA technique) for forming a film on an alignment film is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to Patent Document 1 before the polymerization process
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to Patent Document 1 after the polymerization process.
  • the array substrate 110 has a protrusion 115.
  • the monomer 105 is present in the liquid crystal layer 130 before the polymerization step.
  • the liquid crystal layer 130 is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the side of the array substrate 110 on which the light shielding mask 125 is formed while a predetermined voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 through the electrodes 113 and 123, and the polymerization of the monomer 105 is performed. Be started.
  • the light shielding mask 125 is formed on the array substrate 110 so as to cover approximately half of one pixel.
  • the monomer 105 present in the region not shielded by the light shielding mask 125 is polymerized. Thereafter, the light shielding mask 125 is removed, the entire surface of the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with ultraviolet light, and the monomer 105 remaining in the liquid crystal layer 130 is polymerized.
  • the first polymer layer 126 having a strong binding force on the liquid crystal molecules is formed in a region that is not shielded by the light shielding mask 125 (exposure region), while the region that is shielded by the light shielding mask 125 (light shielding region).
  • the second polymer layer 127 having a weak binding force on the liquid crystal molecules is formed.
  • a region having a strong binding force on the liquid crystal molecules that is, a region having a high threshold voltage
  • a region having a low binding force on the liquid crystal molecules that is, a region having a low threshold voltage
  • the above-described method for improving white spots may cause an increase in manufacturing cost and a decrease in display characteristics.
  • MPD technology requires a structure for changing the voltage applied in the dot. For this reason, there are disadvantages in that the manufacturing cost increases and the aperture ratio decreases due to an increase in wiring and the like.
  • the protrusion is used, but it is difficult to use the region where the protrusion is disposed for display. For this reason, there was room for improvement in terms of increasing the aperture ratio and improving the luminance.
  • the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is affected by the protrusions not only in the region where the protrusions are disposed but also in the vicinity thereof, it is difficult to control the alignment to a desired orientation. For this reason, there was room for improvement in terms of improving contrast.
  • a voltage is applied when polymerization is performed, there is room for improvement in that the manufacturing cost is increased.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and in the middle tone, while suppressing the deterioration of other display characteristics and the deterioration of reliability, such as a decrease in aperture ratio and a decrease in contrast ratio, which have been conventionally observed.
  • a liquid crystal display device capable of suppressing the occurrence of a so-called white spot phenomenon in which the luminance when the screen is viewed from above is higher than the luminance when the screen is viewed from the front, and a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display It is for the purpose.
  • the present inventors paid attention to the PSA technology as a method for suppressing the white spot phenomenon, and conducted intensive studies on monomers used in the PSA technology.
  • the bifunctional monomer at least one kind absorbs light having a long wavelength (wavelength longer than 330 nm) and causes a polymerization reaction, thereby polymerizing the monomer without using light having a short wavelength. Therefore, it was found that damage to the liquid crystal and the alignment film can be suppressed.
  • one aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, the liquid crystal layer having negative dielectric anisotropy. And at least one of the pair of substrates is a main surface on the liquid crystal layer side of the alignment film by polymerization of an electrode, an alignment film for vertically aligning adjacent liquid crystal molecules, and two or more kinds of bifunctional monomers. And at least one of the two or more bifunctional monomers undergoes a polymerization reaction when irradiated with light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm.
  • a plurality of pixels provided with a first alignment region in contact with the alignment film and the liquid crystal molecules, and a second alignment region in contact with the polymer layer and the liquid crystal molecules.
  • An alignment region and the second alignment region; , The threshold voltage is different from the liquid crystal display device with each other.
  • this liquid crystal display device is also referred to as a “first liquid crystal display device”.
  • a bifunctional monomer is used as a material for the polymer layer.
  • the bifunctional monomer is not particularly limited as long as it has two reactive functional groups and undergoes a polymerization reaction with light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm, but a monomer having an absorption wavelength peak of 330 nm or more is preferable.
  • the absorption wavelength peak of the bifunctional monomer is preferably 380 nm or less.
  • photopolymerization is excellent in that the exposure time can be shortened, productivity can be improved, and / or manufacturing cost can be reduced.
  • the polymer layer using a bifunctional monomer is excellent in the solubility to a liquid crystal compared with the polymer layer using the polyfunctional monomer which has a 3 or more reactive functional group.
  • the liquid crystal and the alignment film are easily deteriorated.
  • light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm has much less influence on the liquid crystal and the alignment film than light having a short wavelength.
  • the short wavelength light can be cut from the light irradiated at the time of polymer layer formation by forming a polymer layer using a bifunctional polymer that absorbs light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm and causes a polymerization reaction. Therefore, damage to the liquid crystal and the alignment film can be suppressed.
  • the monomer that undergoes a polymerization reaction when irradiated with light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm is more preferably one that undergoes a polymerization reaction at a wavelength of 340 nm to 380 nm.
  • the vertical alignment film means an alignment film capable of realizing a liquid crystal display in a vertical alignment mode, and is not only an alignment film that controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules completely perpendicular to the film surface, that is, 90 °. And an alignment film for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules substantially perpendicularly to the film surface.
  • Substantially perpendicular means 80 ° or more, preferably 85 ° or more.
  • the threshold voltage means a voltage value that generates an electric field that causes an optical change in the liquid crystal layer and changes a display state in the liquid crystal display device.
  • the difference between the threshold voltage difference of the first alignment region and the threshold voltage of the second alignment region is preferably 0.1 V or more, and more preferably 0.5 V to 1.5 V. .
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in each alignment region may be different.
  • the threshold voltage can be made different by changing the anchoring strength in each alignment region.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a change in a VT (voltage-transmittance) curve due to a difference in pretilt angle. As shown in FIG. 8, the threshold voltage increases as the pretilt angle increases.
  • the configuration of the first liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited by other components as long as such components are essential.
  • the alignment film may be formed by irradiating polarized ultraviolet light to an alignment film material containing a photoreactive functional group (hereinafter, also referred to as a first embodiment). . Since the pretilt angle can be adjusted accurately by using polarized ultraviolet light, the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment can be a photo-alignment type liquid crystal display device with excellent display quality.
  • the photoreactive functional group is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a chalcone group, a coumarin group, a cinnamate group, an azobenzene group, and a tolan group.
  • the photoreactive functional group included in the group is formed by irradiation with polarized ultraviolet light. It can be particularly suitably used for a liquid crystal display device provided with an alignment film.
  • the first liquid crystal display device is configured such that a pretilt angle of liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and a pretilt angle of liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region are different from each other.
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is different from the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region, the threshold voltages of the respective alignment regions are different, thereby suppressing white spots. be able to.
  • the difference between the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is preferably about 0.5 ° to 15 °. .
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is preferably 88.0 ° to 88.5 °, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is 73.0 ° to 87. Preferably it is 5 °.
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is preferably larger than the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region. Since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is close to 90 °, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is larger than the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region. Is too large, the difference between the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region cannot be taken sufficiently, and a desired threshold voltage difference is obtained. May not be obtained.
  • the area of the second alignment region is preferably larger than 30% and smaller than 70% compared to the sum of the area of the first alignment region and the area of the second alignment region. If the area of the second alignment region is 30% or less, the area of the first alignment region is too large compared to the area of the second alignment region, so that white spots can be sufficiently suppressed. There is a risk that it will not be possible. On the other hand, if the area of the second alignment region is 70% or more, the area of the first alignment region is too small compared to the area of the second alignment region. You may not be able to do it. More preferably, the area of the first alignment region and the area of the second alignment region are substantially equal. Specifically, the second alignment region includes the first alignment region and the first alignment region. More preferably, it is larger than 45% and smaller than 55% compared with the total with the second alignment region.
  • the monomer that undergoes the polymerization reaction is preferably represented by the following chemical structural formula.
  • P 1 -A 1 -P 1 (P 1 in the formula represents a methacrylate group.
  • a 1 represents phenanthrene.
  • a hydrogen atom contained in phenanthrene may be substituted with a halogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group.)
  • dimethacryloxyphenanthrene having a phenanthrene skeleton has an absorption wavelength shifted to a longer wavelength side, and has a wavelength longer than 330 nm (for example, 340 nm to 360 nm). )
  • the liquid crystal and the alignment film can be prevented from being damaged by the light irradiated when forming the polymer layer.
  • the formed polymer layer can make a pretilt angle small, Furthermore, it becomes possible to adjust the variation
  • the monomer that undergoes the polymerization reaction preferably includes 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene represented by the following chemical formula (1) or 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene represented by the following chemical formula (2).
  • the amount of change in the pretilt angle can be adjusted by using 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene or 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene and appropriately adjusting the concentration.
  • the pretilt angle in the second alignment region can be controlled, and the threshold voltage of the second alignment region is made different from the threshold voltage of the first alignment region, so that white spots can be suitably suppressed. It becomes possible.
  • the monomer that undergoes the polymerization reaction preferably also includes 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene represented by the following chemical formula (3).
  • 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene has little effect of controlling the pretilt angle even when polymerized alone, the concentration of the bifunctional monomer according to the present invention and 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is adjusted appropriately. By using it, the amount of change in the pretilt angle can be adjusted with higher accuracy. As a result, the pretilt angle in the second alignment region can be controlled with high accuracy, and the threshold voltage of the second alignment region is made different from the threshold voltage of the first alignment region, so that white spots can be suppressed more suitably. It becomes possible to adjust as follows.
  • a liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer has negative dielectric anisotropy, At least one of the pair of substrates includes an electrode, an alignment film that vertically aligns adjacent liquid crystal molecules, 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene, 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene, 2,7 A polymer layer which is formed on a part of the main surface of the alignment film on the liquid crystal layer side by polymerization with dimethacryloxyphenanthrene and controls the alignment of adjacent liquid crystal molecules, and the alignment film and the liquid crystal molecules It has a plurality of pixels provided with a first alignment region that is in contact, and a second alignment region where the polymer layer and liquid crystal molecules are in contact, and the first alignment region and the second alignment region are: Liquids with different threshold voltages It is also a display device.
  • this liquid crystal display device is also referred to as a “second liquid crystal display
  • 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene, 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene and 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene absorb light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm and cause a polymerization reaction
  • the polymer layer Light having a short wavelength can be cut from light irradiated during formation, and damage to the liquid crystal and the alignment film can be suppressed.
  • the pretilt angle can be adjusted with higher accuracy. The amount of change can be adjusted.
  • the pretilt angle in the second alignment region can be controlled with high accuracy, and the threshold voltage of the second alignment region is made different from the threshold voltage of the first alignment region, so that white spots can be suppressed more suitably. It becomes possible to adjust as follows.
  • components common to the first liquid crystal display device are the same as those in the first liquid crystal display device.
  • the configuration of the second liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited by other components as long as such components are essential.
  • the alignment film may be formed by irradiating polarized ultraviolet light to an alignment film material containing a photoreactive functional group (hereinafter also referred to as a second form). . Since the pretilt angle can be adjusted accurately by using polarized ultraviolet light, the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment can be a photo-alignment type liquid crystal display device.
  • the photoreactive functional group is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a chalcone group, a coumarin group, a cinnamate group, an azobenzene group, and a tolan group.
  • the alignment control can be performed with high accuracy, and thus it is particularly suitable for a liquid crystal display device including an alignment film formed by irradiation with polarized ultraviolet light. Can be used.
  • the second liquid crystal display device is configured such that the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region are different from each other. Is mentioned.
  • the threshold voltages of the respective alignment regions are different, thereby suppressing white spots. be able to.
  • the difference between the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is preferably about 0.5 ° to 15 °. .
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is preferably 88.0 ° to 88.5 °, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is 73.0 ° to 87. Preferably it is 5 °.
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is preferably larger than the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region. Since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is close to 90 °, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is larger than the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region. Is too large, the difference between the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region cannot be taken sufficiently, and a desired threshold voltage difference is obtained. May not be obtained.
  • the area of the second alignment region is preferably larger than 30% and smaller than 70% compared to the sum of the area of the first alignment region and the area of the second alignment region. If the area of the second alignment region is 30% or less, the area of the first alignment region is too large compared to the area of the second alignment region, so that white spots can be sufficiently suppressed. There is a risk that it will not be possible. On the other hand, if the area of the second alignment region is 70% or more, the area of the first alignment region is too small compared to the area of the second alignment region. You may not be able to do it. More preferably, the area of the first alignment region and the area of the second alignment region are substantially equal. Specifically, the second alignment region includes the first alignment region and the first alignment region. More preferably, it is larger than 45% and smaller than 55% compared with the total with the second alignment region.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, the manufacturing method including at least one of the pair of substrates.
  • a step of forming an electrode, a step of forming an alignment film for controlling the alignment of adjacent liquid crystal molecules vertically, and a polymer for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules adjacent to a part of the liquid crystal side main surface of the alignment film Forming the polymer layer, and the step of forming the polymer layer includes a step of shielding a part of at least one of the pair of substrates by a light shielding member and not shielding the remaining part from 330 nm.
  • Two or more kinds of bifunctional monomers added to the liquid crystal layer are polymerized by irradiating light of a long wavelength, and the first alignment region where the alignment film and the liquid crystal molecules are in contact with each other, the polymer layer and the liquid crystal molecules
  • This method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is also referred to as a “first liquid crystal display device manufacturing method”.
  • the light shielding member is formed on one substrate so as to cover a part of one pixel region, for example.
  • a region that is not shielded by the light shielding member and a region that is shielded from light are generated in one pixel region.
  • the bifunctional monomer is polymerized by light irradiation, and the polymer layer is formed on the alignment film.
  • a second alignment region in which the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the polymer layer is formed in the pixel.
  • the bifunctional monomer is not substantially polymerized in the light shielding region.
  • the first liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be preferably manufactured. Further, since the irradiated light is light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm, damage to the liquid crystal and the alignment film can be suppressed as compared with irradiation with light having a short wavelength (330 nm or less).
  • components common to the first liquid crystal display device are the same as those of the first liquid crystal display device.
  • the configuration of the manufacturing method of the first liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited by other components and processes as long as such components and processes are essential.
  • the step of polymerizing the two or more types of bifunctional monomers is a state in which a pretilt angle of liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the alignment film, a part of the pixel is shielded by a light shielding member, and no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is the second alignment region.
  • the value is preferably larger than the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules therein.
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is set to the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region.
  • the pretilt angle is larger than the pretilt angle, the difference between the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region cannot be sufficiently obtained. There is a risk that a difference in threshold voltage may not be obtained.
  • the step of polymerizing the two or more types of bifunctional monomers is performed by applying non-polarized ultraviolet light to 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene, 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene, and 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene. It is preferable that it is an irradiation process. Thereby, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region can be adjusted with high accuracy.
  • the region that is not shielded by the light shielding member is preferably larger than 30% and smaller than 70% compared to all the regions where the liquid crystal is orientation controlled. If the area of the second alignment region is 30% or less, the area of the first alignment region is too large compared to the area of the second alignment region, so that white spots can be sufficiently suppressed. There is a risk that it will not be possible. On the other hand, if the area of the second alignment region is 70% or more, the area of the first alignment region is too small compared to the area of the second alignment region. You may not be able to do it. More preferably, the area of the first alignment region is substantially equal to the area of the second alignment region. Specifically, it is more preferable that the second alignment region is larger than 45% and smaller than 55% as compared with the total of the first alignment region and the second alignment region.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, the manufacturing method including at least one of the pair of substrates.
  • a step of forming an electrode on the substrate, a step of forming an alignment film for controlling the alignment of adjacent liquid crystal molecules vertically, and controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to a part of the main surface of the alignment film on the liquid crystal side Forming the polymer layer, and the step of forming the polymer layer is performed at 330 nm in a state where a part of at least one of the pair of substrates is shielded by the light shielding member and the remaining part is not shielded.
  • 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene or 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene added to the liquid crystal layer by irradiating light with a longer wavelength, and 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthene A first alignment region where the alignment film and the liquid crystal molecules are in contact with each other, and a second alignment region where the polymer layer and the liquid crystal molecules are in contact with each other.
  • This alignment region and the second alignment region are also methods for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device having different threshold voltages. This method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is also referred to as a “second liquid crystal display device manufacturing method”.
  • the second liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be preferably manufactured. Further, since the irradiated light is light having a wavelength longer than 330 nm, damage to the liquid crystal and the alignment film can be suppressed as compared with irradiation with light having a short wavelength (330 nm or less).
  • components common to the second liquid crystal display device are the same as those of the first liquid crystal display device.
  • the configuration of the method for manufacturing the second liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited by other components and processes as long as such components and processes are formed as essential.
  • the step of polymerizing the 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene or 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene and 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene controls the pretilt angle of liquid crystal molecules in the alignment film, A part of the pixel is shielded by a light shielding member, and light irradiation is performed in a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, and the 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene or 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene , 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is photopolymerized to form the polymer layer, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is determined by the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region.
  • the value is preferably larger than the pretilt angle. Since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is close to 90 °, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region is larger than the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region. Is too large, the difference between the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region cannot be taken sufficiently, and a desired threshold voltage difference is obtained. May not be obtained.
  • the region that is not shielded by the light shielding member is preferably larger than 30% and smaller than 70% compared to all the regions where the liquid crystal is orientation controlled. If the area of the second alignment region is 30% or less, the area of the first alignment region is too large compared to the area of the second alignment region, so that white spots can be sufficiently suppressed. There is a risk that it will not be possible. On the other hand, if the area of the second alignment region is 70% or more, the area of the first alignment region is too small compared to the area of the second alignment region. You may not be able to do it. More preferably, the area of the first alignment region is substantially equal to the area of the second alignment region. Specifically, it is more preferable that the second alignment region is larger than 45% and smaller than 55% as compared with the total of the first alignment region and the second alignment region.
  • the liquid crystal display device it is not necessary to form protrusions on the substrate, and it is not necessary to provide MPD wiring or the like, and the first alignment region and the second alignment region having different threshold voltages can be formed. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device that is low in cost and has a high aperture ratio while suppressing white spots.
  • the second alignment region it is not necessary to irradiate light with a short wavelength, so that a highly reliable liquid crystal display device can be obtained.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing measurement results of pretilt angles in liquid crystal cells according to Test Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the relative brightness
  • the polymer layer is also referred to as a PSA (Polymer Sustained Alignment) film.
  • PSA Polymer Sustained Alignment
  • Examples of the bifunctional monomer used to form the PSA film in the embodiment of the present invention include those represented by the above chemical formulas (1) to (2).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention before the polymerization step
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention after the polymerization step.
  • 1 and 2 are also schematic cross-sectional views of one pixel region of the liquid crystal display device.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a state in which light shielding masks are arranged to overlap in one pixel region of the array substrate of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS.
  • the array substrate 10, the liquid crystal layer 30, and the color filter substrate 20 are arranged from the back side of the liquid crystal display device toward the observation surface side.
  • a liquid crystal cell is provided.
  • the liquid crystal layer 30 sandwiched between a pair of substrates including the array substrate 10 and the color filter substrate 20 has negative dielectric anisotropy.
  • a linear polarizing plate is provided on the back side of the array substrate 10 and the observation surface side of the color filter substrate 20. For these linearly polarizing plates, a retardation plate may be further arranged to form a circularly polarizing plate.
  • the array substrate 10 includes various wirings, a thin film transistor (TFT) 44 and the like on an insulating transparent substrate 11 made of glass or the like.
  • the array substrate 10 includes a plurality of gate wirings 45 and auxiliary capacitance (Cs) wirings 43.
  • the plurality of gate lines 45 and the auxiliary capacitance (Cs) lines 43 extend in parallel to each other.
  • the array substrate 10 further includes a plurality of source lines 42 that intersect with the gate lines 45 and the auxiliary capacitance (Cs) lines 43 and extend in parallel to each other, and are provided in the vicinity of each intersection of the gate lines 45 and the source lines 42. TFT 44 is provided.
  • a pixel electrode 13 having a substantially rectangular shape is arranged in each pixel (pixel region).
  • the color filter substrate 20 includes an insulating transparent substrate 21 made of glass or the like, and a common electrode 23, a color filter, a black matrix, and the like formed on the transparent substrate 21.
  • Examples of the method for forming the pixel electrode 13 and the common electrode 23 include a sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and a vapor deposition method.
  • the pixel electrode 13 can be patterned into a shape having a slit or a comb shape by using a photolithography method, but the pixel electrode 13 is not patterned into a shape having a slit or a comb shape, It may be a flat plate electrode formed in the pixel region.
  • a transparent metal oxide film such as indium tin oxide (ITO: Indium ⁇ ⁇ Tin Oxide) is preferably used.
  • the array substrate 10 includes an alignment film 12, and the color filter substrate 20 also includes an alignment film 22.
  • the alignment films 12 and 22 are vertical alignment films, and can preliminarily align (initially tilt) liquid crystal molecules in the vertical direction.
  • the alignment film material for forming the alignment films 12 and 22 is not particularly limited.
  • a material obtained by dissolving a polymer material in a solvent is used.
  • the polymer material include polyimide, polyamide, polyvinyl, polysiloxane, and the like.
  • the polymer material preferably contains a photoreactive functional group. Examples of the photoreactive functional group include a chalcone group, a coumarin group, a cinnamate group, an azobenzene group, and a tolan group.
  • Examples of a method for forming the alignment films 12 and 22 include a rubbing method in which grooves are formed by a roller or the like after applying an alignment film material to form an alignment film. Moreover, after apply
  • the type of light irradiated at this time is not particularly limited as long as the photoreactive functional group can be reacted to develop the alignment function. For example, polarized ultraviolet rays are suitable.
  • the bifunctional monomer 5 and the bifunctional monomer 6 exist in the liquid crystal layer 30 before the bifunctional monomer polymerization step.
  • a light shielding mask 25 is provided on the outer side of the transparent substrate 21 (opposite the liquid crystal side), and shields about half of one pixel region.
  • non-polarized ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 330 nm or less cut by a wavelength cut filter is irradiated from the normal direction of the transparent substrate 21.
  • a voltage may be applied to the liquid crystal layer 30 via the pixel electrode 13 and the common electrode 23, but it is preferable that no voltage is applied from the viewpoint of reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the bifunctional monomer 5 and the bifunctional monomer 6 start to be polymerized by irradiation with non-polarized ultraviolet rays, and as shown in FIG. 2, a PSA layer 26 is formed in the unshielded region on the alignment films 12 and 22.
  • the light shielding mask 25 shields the light, the PSA layer 26 is not formed, the region where the alignment films 12 and 22 and the liquid crystal layer 30 are in contact (the first alignment region 40), and the PSA layer 26 are formed.
  • a region where the liquid crystal layer 30 is in contact with the liquid crystal layer 30 (second alignment region 41) is formed. Since the PSA layer 26 changes the alignment regulating force of the alignment films 12 and 22, the first alignment region 40 and the second alignment region 41 have different alignment regulating forces. The voltages will be different from each other. In the liquid crystal display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, no voltage is applied, and the liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically.
  • the bifunctional monomer 5 and / or bifunctional monomer 6 absorbs light having a long wavelength (wavelength longer than 330 nm), and forms a PSA layer 26 by polymerization reaction without using light having a short wavelength. Therefore, damage to the liquid crystal layer 30 and the alignment films 12 and 22 can be suppressed.
  • the threshold voltage in the first alignment region is preferably larger than the threshold voltage in the second alignment region.
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first alignment region is larger than the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second alignment region. It is preferable to do.
  • the threshold voltage in the first alignment region is made larger than the threshold voltage in the second alignment region. can do.
  • a preferable range of the threshold voltage in the first alignment region is 2.0V to 2.5V.
  • a preferable range of the threshold voltage in the second alignment region is 0.5V to 2.0V.
  • the light shielding mask 25 may be formed in close contact with the transparent substrate 21 or may be formed apart from the transparent substrate 21.
  • the light shielding mask 25 is not particularly limited as long as it shields light.
  • the light shielding mask 25 may be formed of a metal such as Cr or Al, or may be formed of a resin.
  • first alignment region and the second alignment region will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
  • the light shielding mask 25 is formed so as to cover approximately half of one pixel region. At this time, if the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are aligned is divided into two in the longitudinal direction of the pixels in one pixel region before the second alignment region is formed, the second alignment region is formed. Thus, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is divided into four within one pixel.
  • the shape of the light shielding mask 25 is not limited to the example of FIG. 3, and may be, for example, a shape that bisects the longitudinal direction of one pixel region, or is arranged in a checkered pattern in one pixel region. Such a shape may be used.
  • VHR was measured using a 6254 type liquid crystal property measuring system manufactured by Toyo Technica. More specifically, the liquid crystal cell is placed in an oven at 70 ° C., and charges are applied between the electrodes at an applied voltage of 1 V and 5 V for 60 ⁇ s, and then during an open period of 16.67 ms (a period in which no voltage is applied). The inter-electrode potential was measured, and the ratio of the retained charge was measured.
  • the liquid crystal cell was shaken, the retardation was measured by the Senarmont method, and the pretilt angle was calculated by fitting using the crystal rotation method.
  • OMS-AF2 manufactured by Chuo Seiki Co., Ltd. was used.
  • the light source was irradiated with linearly polarized He—Ne laser light (wavelength 632.8 nm, output 2 mW) using a linearly polarized He—Ne laser irradiation apparatus.
  • the spot diameter was 1 mm and the temperature was 25 ° C.
  • Test example 1 An electrode was formed on the entire principal surface on one side of a pair of glass substrates, and an alignment film material containing polyimide having a cinnamate group that is a photoreactive functional group and an imidization ratio of 50% was applied by spin coating.
  • each glass substrate was irradiated with polarized ultraviolet rays as an alignment treatment to form a vertical alignment film.
  • the pretilt angle of the vertical alignment film was 88.1 ° to 88.5 °.
  • the two glass substrates are bonded together, and the bonded glass substrates are subjected to a pressure of 0.5 kgf / cm 2 . While being pressurized, the seal was cured by heating at 200 ° C. for 60 minutes in a nitrogen purged furnace.
  • a liquid crystal exhibiting negative dielectric anisotropy was injected into the cell produced by the above method.
  • 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is added so as to be 0.6 wt% of the entire liquid crystal composition
  • 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is added to 0.1 wt% of the entire liquid crystal composition. It added so that it might become.
  • heating and quenching were performed at 130 ° C. for 1 hour.
  • non-polarized UV (0.33 mW / cm 2 ) light having a wavelength of 330 nm or less cut by a wavelength cut filter is irradiated for 4 hours from the normal direction of the main surface of the glass substrate to polymerize the bifunctional monomer. It was.
  • Test example 2 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene was added so as to be 0.6 wt% of the whole liquid crystal composition, and 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene was added so as to be 0.3 wt% of the whole liquid crystal composition. Except for this, a liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Test Example 1.
  • Test example 3 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is added so as to be 0.6 wt% of the total liquid crystal composition, and 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is used instead of 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene.
  • a liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Test Example 1, except that the total amount was 0.1 wt%.
  • Test example 4 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is added so as to be 0.6 wt% of the total liquid crystal composition, and 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is used instead of 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene.
  • a liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that it was added so as to be 0.3 wt% of the whole.
  • Comparative Example 1 A liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the bifunctional monomer was not added to the liquid crystal.
  • Comparative Example 2 A liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that only 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene was added so as to be 0.6 wt% of the entire liquid crystal composition.
  • Tables 1 and 2 show monomer conditions and unpolarized ultraviolet irradiation conditions in the liquid crystal display devices according to Test Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the measurement results of the pretilt angle in the liquid crystal cells according to Test Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
  • Test Example 1 in which 0.6 wt% of 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene and 0.1 wt% of 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene were added, the pretilt angle was 85.0 °.
  • Test Example 2 in which 0.6 wt% of 2,7-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene and 0.3 wt% of 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene were added, the pretilt angle was 78.3 °.
  • Test Examples 3 and 4 even if 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene was added instead of 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene, Test Examples 1 and 2 using 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene were added. Similarly, it was found that the pretilt angle becomes smaller, and that the pretilt angle can be made smaller by increasing the concentration of 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene. Furthermore, from Test Examples 1 to 4, the amount of change in the pretilt angle is greater when 3,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is added than when an equal amount of 1,6-dimethacryloxyphenanthrene is added. There was found.
  • the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment may be in the form of a color filter on array (Color Filter On Array) including color filters on the array substrate 10.
  • the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment may be a monochrome display. In that case, the color filter need not be arranged.
  • the liquid crystal display device may be any of a transmission type, a reflection type, and a reflection / transmission type. If it is a transmission type or a reflection / transmission type, the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment further includes a backlight.
  • the backlight is disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal cell, and is disposed such that light is transmitted through the array substrate 10, the liquid crystal layer 30, and the color filter substrate 20 in this order.
  • the array substrate 10 includes a reflection plate for reflecting external light. Further, at least in a region where reflected light is used as a display, the polarizing plate of the color filter substrate 20 needs to be a circularly polarizing plate.

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Abstract

L'invention fournit un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides permettant de prévenir la détérioration de propriétés d'affichage et l'apparition d'un phénomène de taches blanches. Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides qui est équipé d'une paire de substrats et d'une couche de cristaux liquides. Ladite couche de cristaux liquides possède une anisotropie diélectrique négative. Au moins un des substrats formant ladite paire possède : une électrode; une pellicule orientée; et une couche de polymère formée sur une partie de la face principale côté couche de cristaux liquides de ladite pellicule orientée par polymérisation d'au moins deux sortes de monomères bi-fonctionnels. Au moins un desdits monomères bi-fonctionnels d'au moins deux sortes, consiste en un monomère assurant une réaction de polymérisation lors d'une exposition à une lumière de longueur d'onde de 330nm ou plus. Le dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides possède une pluralité de pixels dont sont agencées une première région d'orientation dans laquelle ladite pellicule orientée et des molécules de cristaux liquides sont en contact, et une seconde région d'orientation dans laquelle ladite couche de polymère et les molécules de cristaux liquides sont en contact; en outre, le dispositif de l'invention présente des tensions seuil différentes entre la première et la seconde région d'orientation.
PCT/JP2011/076062 2010-11-11 2011-11-11 Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides, et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci WO2012063938A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006267689A (ja) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Sharp Corp 液晶表示装置の製造方法、及び液晶表示装置
WO2010079703A1 (fr) * 2009-01-09 2010-07-15 シャープ株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides et composition pour former une couche de cristaux liquides

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006267689A (ja) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Sharp Corp 液晶表示装置の製造方法、及び液晶表示装置
WO2010079703A1 (fr) * 2009-01-09 2010-07-15 シャープ株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides et composition pour former une couche de cristaux liquides

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