WO2012055340A1 - 微孔曝气变速氧化沟 - Google Patents

微孔曝气变速氧化沟 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012055340A1
WO2012055340A1 PCT/CN2011/081165 CN2011081165W WO2012055340A1 WO 2012055340 A1 WO2012055340 A1 WO 2012055340A1 CN 2011081165 W CN2011081165 W CN 2011081165W WO 2012055340 A1 WO2012055340 A1 WO 2012055340A1
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zone
oxidation ditch
aerobic zone
anoxic
ditch
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PCT/CN2011/081165
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭党聪
韩芸
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西安建筑科技大学
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Publication of WO2012055340A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012055340A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1257—Oxidation ditches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating urban sewage oxidation ditch, in particular to a microporous aeration variable oxidation ditch, which is used for reconstruction and expansion of an old oxidation ditch.
  • Oxidation ditch is one of the main methods of urban sewage treatment.
  • the existing oxidation ditch is an annular ditch with an aeration and water flow propeller.
  • the aerobic zone and the anoxic zone are formed by sequentially passing through the area where the aeration equipment is located and the area without the aeration equipment.
  • the formed mixture passes through the aeration zone, and the micro-organisms in the sludge use the oxygen sent from the aeration device to degrade the organic pollutants in the sewage while performing nitrification.
  • the aeration equipment has surface aeration and microporous aeration.
  • Surface aeration is the effect of dispersing water through the rotation of the impeller or rotating brush to dissolve oxygen in the air; while microporous aeration is set in various forms of corundum, rubber or other materials under water.
  • the aeration head (or disk) of the pore structure is cut and dispersed into small bubbles having a diameter of less than 1 micrometer when the air is blown into the aeration head through a pipe, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly and efficiently dissolving oxygen in the air into the water.
  • the oxidation ditch using microporous aeration is called aeration oxidation ditch, which is one of the more commonly used oxidation ditch.
  • the various oxidation ditches currently available are classified into DE oxidation ditch, T-oxidation ditch, Carousel oxidation ditch, and Orbal oxidation ditch.
  • the ditch structure of each oxidation ditch is different, the width and depth of the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone in the ditch are the same in the same oxidation ditch. Therefore, the flow rate of the mixed liquid in the ditch is the same in the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone. (called the constant velocity oxidation ditch).
  • the oxidation ditch In order to mix and contact the sludge and water in the mixture in the ditch, the corresponding biochemical reaction is completed, and the water flow rate in the oxidation ditch must be A certain flow rate (0.3 m/s or more) must be maintained, and the sludge in the mixed liquid is suspended in the suspension state by the action of the water flow, thereby achieving the purpose of mixing contact. Otherwise, the sludge in the mixture will precipitate and separate, which is why the oxidation ditch must be equipped with a propeller.
  • the present invention aims to provide a microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch, the micro The hole aeration shifting oxidation ditch adjusts the cross-sectional area of the ditch by changing the width and depth of different parts in the same ditch of the existing aeration oxidation ditch, and finally achieves the effect of finally adjusting the water flow velocity in different parts of the ditch to form microporous aeration.
  • Variable speed oxidation ditch is
  • the cross-sectional area of the aerobic zone is increased, the flow velocity of the aerobic zone is greatly reduced, and the driving force required for the flow of the water in the ditch is reduced, that is, the number of the pusher is greatly reduced.
  • a microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch comprising a groove body, an anoxic zone and an aerobic zone, a water inlet and a mud inlet and a water outlet on the groove body, a propeller in the anoxic zone, and an exposure in the aerobic zone
  • the gas device is characterized in that the groove body is divided into an anoxic zone and an aerobic zone having different cross-sectional areas by a partition, wherein a cross-sectional area of the aerobic zone is larger than a sectional area of the anoxic zone.
  • the flow rate in the aerobic zone will be smaller than that in the anoxic zone, thereby forming a variable speed oxidation ditch.
  • variable-speed oxidation ditch can greatly reduce the construction investment (the number of propellers purchased and installed) and the operating cost (electric energy) while maintaining the inherent treatment effect and processing capacity of the oxidation ditch.
  • Figure 1 is a structural view of a microporous aeration isochronous oxidation ditch, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view;
  • Figure 2 is a structural view of a microporous aeration equal width shifting oxidation ditch, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a sectional view;
  • Figure 3 is a structural view of a microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch having a two-stage anoxic and aerobic zone, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
  • the figures in the figure indicate: 1, groove, 2, partition, 3, anoxic zone, 4, aerobic zone, 5, propeller, 6, aeration device, 7, water inlet, 8, mud inlet 9, the water outlet.
  • the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of water flow, the letter b indicates the width, and the letter h indicates the depth.
  • the microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch of the present invention comprises a groove body 1, an anoxic zone 3 and an aerobic zone 4, and the groove body 1 has a water inlet port 7 and a mud inlet port 8 and a water outlet port 9, which are dehydrated.
  • a propeller 5 in the zone 3 and an aeration device 6 in the aerobic zone 4, and the trench 1 is divided by the partition 2 into an anoxic zone 3 and an aerobic zone 4 having different cross-sectional areas, wherein the aerobic zone 4 has a section The area is larger than the sectional area of the anoxic zone 3.
  • the working principle of the microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch of the present invention is: when the sludge is returned from the secondary settling tank And the sewage enters the anoxic zone 3 in the ditch body 1 from the water inlet 7 and the mud inlet port 8, and the mixture of the sludge and the sewage and the anoxic zone 3 is instantly mixed, and the microorganisms in the sludge utilize the organic matter in the influent water.
  • the nitrate produced in the anoxic zone 3 in the ditch is reduced to nitrogen, and the organic matter itself is oxidized to carbon dioxide; when the mixed liquid passes through the aerobic zone 4 in the ditch, the nitrifying bacteria in the sludge are supplied by the aerobic zone 4 aeration device.
  • the oxygen oxidizes the ammonia nitrogen to nitrate for use in the anoxic section of the next cycle, while the heterotrophic bacteria in the sludge oxidize the remaining organic matter in the mixture to carbon dioxide.
  • This cycle Contaminants such as organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage can be removed to achieve the purpose of simultaneously removing organic matter and ammonia nitrogen.
  • the aerobic zone 4 and the anoxic zone 3 may have the same depth and different widths, thereby forming an isotonic microporous aeration deep shift oxidation ditch (Fig. 1, Fig., h ⁇ h ⁇ b ⁇ );
  • aerobic zone 4 and hypoxia Zone 3 can be different in depth and width to form a widened and deepened microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch; it can also be designed as a plurality of aerobic zones 4 and anoxic zones 3 (Fig. 3) connected in series or in parallel to form
  • the microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch is combined to meet different design requirements.
  • Example 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the invention given by the inventors. It is to be noted that the following examples are preferred examples, and the main purpose is to better understand the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
  • Example 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the invention given by the inventors. It is to be noted that the following examples are preferred examples, and the main purpose is to better understand the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
  • Example 1 Example 1:
  • oxidation ditch volume 20m 3 volume ratio aerobic zone and anoxic zones is 1: 2, the same flow rate, are 0. 3m / s, 2 propellers with a power of 100W.
  • the COD concentration of urban sewage entering the oxidation ditch treatment system is 200 ⁇ 300mg/L, and the total nitrogen is 30 ⁇ 40mg/L.
  • the treated water has a COD concentration of 20 to 30 mg/L and a total nitrogen content of 10 to 15 mg/L.
  • the heavier microporous aeration shifting oxidation ditch (Fig. 1) of the present invention is modified.
  • the volume ratio of the aerobic zone 4 to the anoxic zone 3 is 1:2, and the flow rate of the anoxic zone 3 is maintained at 0. 3m/s, and aerobic The flow rate of zone 4 is reduced to 0. lm/s and the number of thrusters 5 is reduced from two to one.
  • the treatment effect is the same as before the transformation, achieving the purpose of reducing the number of propellers and reducing energy consumption.
  • a sewage treatment plant is designed to treat urban sewage by a two-stage microporous aeration oxidation ditch method.
  • the volume of the oxidation ditch is 4000m 3 , and the volume ratio of aerobic zone 4 to anoxic zone 3 is 1:3.
  • the flow rate in the oxygen zone is the same, both are 0.3 m/s, and four propellers with a power of 10 kW are arranged.
  • the COD concentration of urban sewage entering the oxidation ditch treatment system is 200 ⁇ 300mg/L, and the total nitrogen is 30 ⁇ 40mg/L.
  • the treated water has a COD concentration of 20 to 30 mg/L and a total nitrogen content of 10 to 15 mg/L.
  • the flow rate of the anoxic zone 3 is still maintained at 0. 3m, the flow rate of the anoxic zone 3 is still maintained at 0. 3m /s , and the flow rate of the aerobic zone 4 is reduced to 0.15 m/s, and the number of the propellers 5 is reduced from four to two.
  • the treatment effect is the same as before the transformation, achieving the purpose of reducing the number of propellers and reducing energy consumption.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)

Description

孔曝气变速氧化沟
技术领域
本发明涉及一种城市污水氧化沟处理方法， 特别涉及一种微孔曝气变 速氧化沟， 用于旧有氧化沟的改扩建和新建。 背景技术
氧化沟是城市污水处理的主要方法之一。 现有的氧化沟为环形的沟渠， 内设曝气和水流推进器。 当混合液在推进器的推动下沿沟渠流动时， 顺次 经过曝气装备所在的区域和无曝气装备的区域， 形成好氧区和缺氧区。 污 水和回流污泥进入氧化沟后， 形成的混合液经过曝气区时， 污泥中的微生 物利用曝气设备送入的氧气将污水中的有机污染物好氧降解同时进行硝化
(将水中的氨氧化为 N03— ); 当混合液经过缺氧区时， 污泥中的微生物利用 好氧阶段产生的 N03—进行反硝化， 将污水中的有机物缺氧降解， 同时将 N03— 还原为氮气。 曝气装备有表面曝气和微孔曝气。 表面曝气是通过叶轮或转 刷的旋转产生散水作用， 使空气中的氧溶解于水中； 而微孔曝气是在水下 设置各种形式的由刚玉、橡胶或其他材料制成的具有微孔结构的曝气头（或 盘）， 当空气由鼓风机通过管道进入曝气头时， 被切割分散为直径小于 1微 米的小气泡， 从而达到使空气中的氧快速高效地溶入水中的目的。 采用微 孔曝气的氧化沟称之为曝气氧化沟， 为目前较为常用的氧化沟之一。
现有的各种氧化沟分为 DE氧化沟、 T性氧化沟、 Carousel氧化沟以及 Orbal氧化沟等。 尽管各种氧化沟的沟渠结构形式不同， 但同一氧化沟， 沟 渠内的缺氧区和好氧区宽度和深度均相同， 因此， 沟内混合液在缺氧区和 好氧区的流速均相同 （称之为等速氧化沟）。 为了使沟内混合液中的污泥和 水较好的混合、 接触， 完成相应的生物化学反应， 氧化沟内的水流速度必 须维持一定的流速（0. 3m/s以上）， 通过水流的挟带作用， 使混合液中的污 泥处于悬浮状态， 达到混合接触的目的。 否则， 混合液中的污泥将会沉淀 分离， 这也是氧化沟必须设置推进器的原因所在。
在曝气氧化沟中的好氧区， 由于曝气的作用， 已经形成了较好的混合 效果， 不需要像缺氧区那样， 通过水流速度来达到混合的作用。 因此， 在 等速氧化沟的好氧区形成了能量的浪费。 发明内容
为了克服现有的等速曝气氧化沟中好氧区流速过高 （与缺氧区相同） 带来的能量浪费， 本发明的目的在于， 提供一种微孔曝气变速氧化沟， 该 微孔曝气变速氧化沟通过改变现有的曝气氧化沟的同一沟渠内不同部位的 宽度和深度， 调节沟渠的断面面积， 达到最终调节沟内不同部位的水流速 度的效果， 形成微孔曝气变速氧化沟。 即在维持缺氧区断面的情况下， 增 加好氧区断面面积， 使好氧区的流速大幅度降低， 减少沟内水流流动所需 的推动力， 即大幅度减少推流器的设置数量， 从而达到降低建设投资和运 行费用的双重目的。
为了实现上述任务， 本发明采用的技术解决方案如下：
一种微孔曝气变速氧化沟， 包括沟体、 缺氧区和好氧区， 沟体上有进 水口和进泥口和出水口， 缺氧区内有推进器， 好氧区内有曝气装置， 其特 征在于， 所述的沟体由隔板分割成断面面积不同的缺氧区和好氧区， 其中， 好氧区的断面面积大于缺氧区的断面面积。
由于水流在沟内的连续性原理， 好氧区的流速就会小于缺氧区的流速， 从而形成变速氧化沟。 好氧区的宽或深越大， 断面面积越大， 好氧区的流 速越小， 变速氧化沟的变速幅度越大， 所需的推进器数量就越少， 能量消 耗就越低。 与现有的等速曝气氧化沟相比， 本发明采用了不同的断面形式后， 微 孔曝气氧化沟好氧区的流速大幅度地减小， 而氧化沟内的流速是依靠设置 在沟内的推进装置产生的， 流速越高， 所需的推进器越多， 消耗的电能也 越多。 因此， 采用变速氧化沟， 可在维持氧化沟固有的处理效果和处理能 力的同时， 大幅度地降低建设投资 （购置和安装推进器的数量） 和运行费 用 （电能）。 附图说明
图 1是微孔曝气等深变速氧化沟的构造图， 其中 （a) 是平面图， （b ) 是断面图；
图 2是微孔曝气等宽变速氧化沟的构造图， 其中 （a) 是平面图， （b ) 是断面图；
图 3 是具有两级缺氧和好氧区的微孔曝气变速氧化沟的构造图， 其中 (a) 是平面图， （b ) 是断面图。
图中的标号分别表示： 1、 沟体， 2、 隔板， 3、 缺氧区， 4、 好氧区， 5、 推进器， 6、 曝气装置， 7、 进水口， 8、 进泥口， 9、 出水口。 图中的箭头 表示水流方向， 字母 b表示宽度， 字母 h表示深度。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。 具体实施方式
参见附图， 本发明的微孔曝气变速氧化沟， 包括沟体 1、 缺氧区 3和好 氧区 4， 沟体 1上有进水口 7和进泥口 8和出水口 9， 缺氧区 3内有推进器 5， 好氧区 4内有曝气装置 6， 沟体 1由隔板 2分割成断面面积不同的缺氧 区 3和好氧区 4， 其中， 好氧区 4的断面面积大于缺氧区 3的断面面积。
本发明的微孔曝气变速氧化沟的工作原理是： 当由二沉池回流的污泥 和污水由进水口 7和进泥口 8—起进入沟体 1内的缺氧区 3，污泥和污水与 缺氧区 3 的混合液即刻混合， 污泥中的微生物利用进水中的有机物将沟内 缺氧区 3产生的硝酸盐还原为氮气， 有机物自身被氧化为二氧化碳； 当混 合液沿沟内经过好氧区 4时， 污泥中的硝化菌利用好氧区 4曝气设备供给 的氧气将氨氮氧化为硝酸盐， 供下一个周期缺氧段使用， 同时污泥中的异 养菌将混合液中剩余的有机物利用氧氧化为二氧化碳。 如此循环往复。 污 水中的有机物和氨氮等污染物得以去除， 达到同时去除有机物和氨氮的目 的。
在上述技术方案中， 好氧区 4与缺氧区 3可深度相同， 宽度不同， 以 此形成等深微孔曝气深变速氧化沟 （图 1， 图中， h^h^ b^ ) ; 好氧区 4 与缺氧区 3可宽度相同，深度不同， 以此形成等宽微孔曝气变速氧化沟（图 2， 图中， bfb^ ^>=^)； 好氧区 4与缺氧区 3可深度和宽度均不相同， 以 此形成变宽变深微孔曝气变速氧化沟； 还可设计为多个串联或并联的好氧 区 4和缺氧区 3 (图 3 )， 形成组合微孔曝气变速氧化沟， 以满足不同的设 计要求。
以下是发明人给出的实施例， 需要说明的是， 以下的实施例是一些较 优的例子， 主要目的在于更好地理解本发明， 本发明不限于这些实施例。 实施例 1：
某中间试验厂采用现有的微孔曝气氧化沟法处理城市污水， 氧化沟容 积为 20m3， 好氧区和缺氧区的容积比为 1 : 2， 流速相同， 均为 0. 3m/s， 配 置功率为 100W的推进器 2个。进入氧化沟处理***的城市污水 COD浓度为 200〜300mg/L， 总氮 30〜40mg/L。 处理后出水的 COD浓度为 20〜30mg/L， 总氮 10〜15mg/L。
采用本发明的等深微孔曝气变速氧化沟（图 1 )对其进行改造， 好氧区 4和缺氧区 3的容积比为 1 : 2， 缺氧区 3的流速仍维持在 0. 3m/s， 而好氧 区 4的流速减小为 0. lm/s , 推进器 5由两个减少为 1个。 处理效果与改造 前相同， 达到了同时减少推进器数量和降低能耗的目的。
实施例 2：
某污水处理厂设计采用二级微孔曝气氧化沟法处理城市污水， 氧化沟 容积为 4000m3， 好氧区 4和缺氧区 3的容积比为 1 : 3， 沟内好氧区和缺氧 区的流速相同， 均为 0. 3m/s , 配置功率为 10KW的推进器 4个。进入氧化沟 处理***的城市污水 COD浓度为 200〜300mg/L， 总氮 30〜40mg/L。 处理后 出水的 COD浓度为 20〜30mg/L， 总氮 10〜15mg/L。
改为采用本发明的二级微孔曝气变速氧化沟 （图 3 )， 好氧区 4和缺氧 区 3的容积比仍为 1 : 3， 缺氧区 3的流速仍维持在 0. 3m/s , 而好氧区 4的 流速减小为 0. 15 m/s , 推进器 5由 4个减少为 2个。 处理效果与改造前相 同， 达到了同时减少推进器数量和降低能耗的目的。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种微孔曝气变速氧化沟， 包括沟体 （1)、 缺氧区 （3) 和好氧区 (4)， 沟体（1)上有进水口 （7)和进泥口 （8)和出水口 （9)， 缺氧区（3) 内有推进器 （5)， 在好氧区 （4) 内有曝气装置 （6)， 其特征在于， 所述的 沟体 （1) 由隔板 （2) 分割成断面面积不同的缺氧区 （3) 和好氧区 （4)， 其中， 好氧区 （4) 的断面面积大于缺氧区 （3) 的断面面积；
所述的缺氧区 （3) 和好氧区 （4) 的断面面积为： 深度相同， 宽度不 同， 形成等深变速氧化沟； 或者
所述的缺氧区 （3) 和好氧区 （4) 的断面面积为： 宽度相同， 深度不 同， 形成等宽变速氧化沟； 或者
所述的缺氧区 （3) 和好氧区 （4) 的断面面积为： 深度和宽度均不相 同， 形成变宽变深变速氧化沟。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的微孔曝气变速氧化沟， 其特征在于， 所述的缺 氧区 （3) 和好氧区 （4) 由多级串联或并联组成， 形成组合变速氧化沟。
PCT/CN2011/081165 2010-10-27 2011-10-24 微孔曝气变速氧化沟 WO2012055340A1 (zh)

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CN101973626B (zh) * 2010-10-27 2012-05-30 西安建筑科技大学 微孔曝气变速氧化沟
CN102815789A (zh) * 2012-09-19 2012-12-12 陕西科技大学 一种氧化沟及其脱氮运行方法
CN103663698B (zh) * 2013-12-27 2015-05-13 西安建筑科技大学 一种不改变氧化沟池形的开孔与流态调节方法及结构
CN110746037A (zh) * 2019-09-29 2020-02-04 广西皖维生物质科技有限公司 一种高浓度有机废水的预处理方法

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