WO2012055207A1

WO2012055207A1 - Support shaft for integral vehicle-axle and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2012055207A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/072528
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘固基; 杨峰; 熊卫强
Original assignee: 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司; 湖南中联重科专用车有限责任公司
Priority date: 2010-10-26
Filing date: 2011-04-08
Publication date: 2012-05-03
Also published as: CN102039783A; CN102039783B

Abstract

A support shaft for an integral vehicle-axle includes a main body (10). The main body (10) of the support shaft includes several plate-form parts (11) welded with each other, forming a transversal section of the main body (10) of the support shaft has a hollow shape. A manufacturing method for a support shaft for an integral vehicle-axle is disclosed. The steps of the manufacturing method include welding several pale-form parts prepared into a main body (10) of the support shaft with hollow transversal section. Compared with the conventional integral vehicle-axle, the main body (10) of the support shaft for the integral vehicle-axle according to the subject matter in the invention is formed by several plate-form parts welded and has transversal section with hollow shape. Thus the support shaft of the invention can meet the requirements for flexible manufacturing and fulfill the requirements for application with lower cost.

Description

用于整体式车桥的支撑轴及其制造方法技术领域 Support shaft for integral axle and manufacturing method thereof

本发明涉及车辆领域，更具体地说，涉及用于整体式车桥的支撑轴及其制造方法。背景技术 Field of the Invention This invention relates to the field of vehicles and, more particularly, to a support shaft for an integral axle and a method of manufacturing the same. Background technique

车桥是车辆的重要组成部分。通常，车桥通过悬架与车架（或承载式车身）相连接，在车桥的两端安装有车轮。车架所受的垂直载荷通过车桥传到车轮；车轮上承受的滚动阻力、驱动力、制动力和侧向力及其转矩又通过车桥传递给悬架，因此，车桥的主要作用是传递车架与车轮之间的作用力及其力矩。 The axle is an important part of the vehicle. Usually, the axle is connected to the frame (or the load-bearing body) through the suspension, and wheels are installed at both ends of the axle. The vertical load on the frame is transmitted to the wheel through the axle; the rolling resistance, driving force, braking force and lateral force on the wheel and its torque are transmitted to the suspension through the axle. Therefore, the main function of the axle It is the force between the frame and the wheel and its torque.

根据不同结构形式的悬架，车桥可分为整体式和断开式两种。对于独立悬架来说，通常与断开式车桥相配合。而对于非独立悬架来说，通常与包括支撑轴的整体式车桥相配合。 According to the different types of suspension, the axle can be divided into two types: integral and disconnected. For an independent suspension, it is usually matched with a disconnected axle. For non-independent suspensions, it is usually matched with an integral axle that includes a support shaft.

传统的支撑轴通常采用钢材整体锻造或铸造而成。如果采用整体锻造或铸造的方法来制造支撑轴，需要一次性投入成本非常高的铸造或锻压设备（如模具等），并且一般仅适用于支撑轴的大批量生产。 Conventional support shafts are usually forged or cast from steel. If the integral forging or casting method is used to manufacture the support shaft, it is necessary to input a very high cost casting or forging equipment (such as a mold), and is generally only suitable for mass production of the support shaft.

然而，随着市场对汽车车辆产品多样化要求的提高，汽车车辆的改型也较为频繁，因此对汽车车辆的制造柔性化的要求也越来越高。在这种背景下，由于采用整体锻造或铸造的方法来制造支撑轴已经不能满足多品种、小批量的生产要求，因此难以适应制造柔性化的发展趋势。而且，采用钢材整体锻造或铸造的方法来制造支撑轴需要一次性投入成本较高的铸造或锻压设备，因此生产制造成本也相对较高。 However, as the market demands for the diversification of automobile and vehicle products and the modification of automobile vehicles are also frequent, the requirements for the flexibility of the manufacture of automobile vehicles are also increasing. In this context, the use of integral forging or casting methods to manufacture support shafts has been unable to meet the production requirements of multiple varieties and small batches, and thus it is difficult to adapt to the development trend of manufacturing flexibility. Moreover, the use of a steel forging or casting method to manufacture a support shaft requires a one-time investment in a higher cost casting or forging equipment, and thus the manufacturing cost is relatively high.

因而，如何提供能够以相对较低的成本实现柔性化地制造用于整体式车桥的支撑轴的技术方案成为本领域中亟待解决的技术问题。发明内容 Thus, how to provide a technical solution capable of flexibly manufacturing a support shaft for an integral axle at a relatively low cost has become a technical problem to be solved in the art. Summary of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是如何以相对较低的成本来实现柔性化地制造用于整体式车桥的支撑轴。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to flexibly manufacture a support shaft for an integral axle at a relatively low cost.

为解决上述技术问题，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于整体式车桥的支撑轴，该支撑轴包括支撑轴本体，该支撑轴本体包括多个板状件，该多个板状件彼此焊接，从而使所述支撑轴本体具有中空的横截面形状。 In order to solve the above technical problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, a support shaft for an integral vehicle axle is provided, the support shaft including a support shaft body, the support shaft body including a plurality of plate members, the plurality of plates The members are welded to each other such that the support shaft body has a hollow cross-sectional shape.

根据本发明的另一方面，提供了用于整体式车桥的支撑轴的制造方法，该制造方法包括将预先制备的多个板状件悍接为具有中空的横截面形状的支撑轴本体。 According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a support shaft for an integral vehicle axle, the method comprising: joining a plurality of previously prepared plate members into a support shaft body having a hollow cross-sectional shape.

优选地，所述支撑轴本体的横截面形状为中空的矩形，所述多个板状件包括底板件、第一侧板件、顶板件和第二侧板件，所述第一侧板件和第二侧板件分别焊接在所述底板件的两个侧边缘上，所述顶板件焊接在所述第一侧板件和第二侧板件之间并与所述底板件彼此相对。 Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body is a hollow rectangle, and the plurality of plate members include a bottom plate member, a first side plate member, a top plate member and a second side plate member, and the first side plate member And a second side panel respectively welded to the two side edges of the bottom panel member, the top panel member being welded between the first side panel member and the second side panel member and opposite to the bottom panel member.

优选地，所述支撑轴本体的矩形横截面形状的各个角均为圆角。 Preferably, each corner of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body is rounded.

优选地，所述支撑轴还包括两个轴端件，该两个轴端件分别焊接于所述支撑轴本体的两个端部，在所述轴端件与对应的端部的连接处内衬有矩形衬环。 Preferably, the support shaft further comprises two shaft end pieces respectively welded to the two ends of the support shaft body, at the joint of the shaft end piece and the corresponding end portion Lined with a rectangular lining ring.

优选地，每个所述轴端件包括连接部和主体部，每个所述轴端件通过所述连接部连接于所述支撑轴本体的对应的端部，所述连接部具有凹部，该凹部的周壁表面上设置有台阶部，所述矩形衬环安装到该台阶部处，并延伸到所述支撑轴本体的对应的端部中。 Preferably, each of the shaft end pieces includes a connecting portion and a main body portion, each of the shaft end pieces being connected to a corresponding end of the support shaft body through the connecting portion, the connecting portion having a recess, A stepped portion is provided on a peripheral wall surface of the recess, the rectangular collar being mounted to the step and extending into a corresponding end of the support shaft body.

优选地，所述矩形衬环包括彼此独立的两个相同的半衬环件。 Preferably, the rectangular backing ring comprises two identical half-ring members that are independent of one another.

优选地，所述连接部的横向尺寸大于所述主体部的横向尺寸，所述连接部的侧表面与所述主体部的侧表面之间通过倾斜部过渡。优选地，所述连接部与所述支撑轴本体的对应的端部具有相同的横截面形状。进一步优选地，每个所述板状件的纵向尺寸均与所述支撑轴本体的纵向尺寸相等。 Preferably, a lateral dimension of the connecting portion is larger than a lateral dimension of the main body portion, and a side surface of the connecting portion and a side surface of the main body portion are transitioned by an inclined portion. Preferably, the connecting portion has the same cross-sectional shape as the corresponding end of the support shaft body. Further preferably, each of the plate members has a longitudinal dimension equal to a longitudinal dimension of the support shaft body.

优选地，所述多个板状件包括底板件、第一侧板件、顶板件和第二侧板件，所述制造方法包括：将所述第一侧板件和第二侧板件分别焊接在所述底板件的两个侧边缘上，将所述顶板件焊接在所述第一侧板件和第二侧板件之间，以形成具有中空的矩形横截面形状的支撑轴本体；所述制造方法还包括使所述支撑轴本体的矩形横截面形状的各个角均为圆角的机加工步骤。 Preferably, the plurality of plate members comprise a bottom plate member, a first side plate member, a top plate member and a second side plate member, and the manufacturing method comprises: respectively: the first side plate member and the second side plate member respectively Welding on the two side edges of the bottom plate member, welding the top plate member between the first side plate member and the second side plate member to form a support shaft body having a hollow rectangular cross-sectional shape; The manufacturing method further includes a machining step of rounding each corner of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body.

优选地，所述制造方法还包括： Preferably, the manufacturing method further includes:

a) 预先制备轴端件，并在轴端件上加工坡口； a) pre-preparing the shaft end piece and machining the groove on the shaft end piece;

b ) 在所述支撑轴本体的两个端部分别加工坡口； b) processing the groove at each end of the support shaft body;

c) 将矩形衬环内衬在所述轴端件与对应的端部的连接处，将所述轴端件分别焊接于所述支撑轴本体的两个端部。 c) lining a rectangular backing ring at the junction of the shaft end piece and the corresponding end, respectively welding the shaft end pieces to both ends of the support shaft body.

优选地，每个所述轴端件包括连接部和具有销孔的主体部，所述连接部具有凹部，该凹部的周侧表面上设置有台阶部，所述歩骤 c) 包括： cl ) 将所述矩形衬环的一端安装到所述连接部的凹部的台阶部处； c2 ) 将所述轴端件与所述支撑轴本体的对应的端部对齐且接触，从而将所述矩形衬环的另一端***所述支撑轴本体的对应的端部中。 Preferably, each of the shaft end members includes a connecting portion and a main body portion having a pin hole, the connecting portion having a recess having a stepped portion on a circumferential side surface thereof, the step c) comprising: cl) Mounting one end of the rectangular backing ring to a stepped portion of the recess of the connecting portion; c2) aligning and contacting the shaft end piece with a corresponding end of the support shaft body, thereby arranging the rectangular lining The other end of the ring is inserted into a corresponding end of the support shaft body.

与传统的整体成型的支撑轴不同，在根据本发明的技术方案中，用于整体式车桥的支撑轴的支撑轴本体通过多个板状件焊接形成，并具有中空的横截面形状。因此，一方面，通过多个板状件焊接或拼焊形成，能够适应于柔性化制造的要求，而且不需要一次性投入成本相当高的制造设备，因此也能够降低成本。另一方面，通过使支撑轴本体具有中空的矩形横截面形状，能够确保支撑轴本体具有较大的截面模量，从而具有相对较大的整体刚度，满足支撑轴的应用场合的需要。通过上述分析可知，本发明的技术方案所提供的支撑轴适应于制造柔性化的要求，而且成本相对较低且完全满足支撑轴应用场合的要求，从而实现本发明的目的。 Unlike the conventional integrally formed support shaft, in the technical solution according to the present invention, the support shaft body for the support shaft of the integral axle is formed by welding a plurality of plate members and has a hollow cross-sectional shape. Therefore, on the one hand, it is formed by welding or tailor welding of a plurality of plate members, and can be adapted to the requirements of flexible manufacturing, and it is not required to have a relatively high cost of manufacturing equipment at a time, and therefore, cost can be reduced. On the other hand, by having the support shaft body have a hollow rectangular cross-sectional shape, it is possible to ensure that the support shaft body has a large section modulus, thereby having a relatively large overall rigidity, which satisfies the needs of the application of the support shaft. It can be seen from the above analysis that the support shaft provided by the technical solution of the present invention is adapted to the requirements for manufacturing flexibility, and the cost is relatively low and fully satisfies the requirements of the support shaft application, thereby achieving the object of the present invention.

本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。附图说明 Other features and advantages of the invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows. DRAWINGS

附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中： The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are intended to be a part of the description of the invention. In the drawing:

图 1 是根据本发明的优选实施方式的支撑轴的结构示意图，其中，部分地剖开了轴端件和支撑轴本体的连接部分； 1 is a schematic structural view of a support shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein a connecting portion of the shaft end piece and the support shaft body is partially cut away;

图 2和图 3分别为根据本发明不同实施方式的支撑轴的支撑轴本体的 A-A截面图： 2 and 3 are A-A cross-sectional views of a support shaft body of a support shaft according to various embodiments of the present invention, respectively:

图 4为表示图 1中支撑轴的部分俯视图，其中，部分地剖开了轴端件与支撑轴本体的连接部分； Figure 4 is a partial plan view showing the support shaft of Figure 1, wherein the connecting portion of the shaft end member and the support shaft body is partially cut away;

图 5为图 4中剖视部分的局部放大示意图。附图标记说明 Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing a cross-sectional view of Fig. 4. Description of the reference numerals

支撑轴本体 10 Support shaft body 10

板状件 11 Plate 11

底板件 111 Base plate member 111

第一侧板件 112 First side panel 112

顶板件 113 Top plate 113

第二侧板件 114 Second side panel 114

轴端件 12 连接部 121 Shaft end piece 12 Connection portion 121

主体部 122 Main body 122

矩形衬环 13 Rectangular ring 13

销孔 14 具体实施方式 Pin hole 14

以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative and not restrictive.

本发明涉及用于整体式车桥的支撑轴，这里的整体式车桥既可以为支持桥，也可以为转向桥。对于支持桥来说，支撑轴可以不具有与转向节装配的相应结构，而对于转向桥来说，支撑轴可以具有与转向节装配的相应结构（如根据本发明优选实施方式中的支撑轴的轴端件)。 The present invention relates to a support axle for an integral axle, where the integral axle can be either a support bridge or a steering axle. For a support bridge, the support shaft may not have a corresponding structure assembled with the steering knuckle, while for a steering bridge, the support shaft may have a corresponding structure assembled with the steering knuckle (such as a support shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the invention) Shaft end piece).

如图 1所示，本发明所提供的用于整体式车桥的支撑轴包括支撑轴本体 10，其中，该支撑轴本体 10包括多个板状件 11 (见图 2)，该多个板状件 11通过焊接而固定连接，从而使所述支撑轴本体 10具有中空的横截面形状。 As shown in FIG. 1, the support shaft for an integral axle provided by the present invention includes a support shaft body 10, wherein the support shaft body 10 includes a plurality of plate members 11 (see FIG. 2), the plurality of plates The member 11 is fixedly joined by welding so that the support shaft body 10 has a hollow cross-sectional shape.

如上所述，在制造传统的支撑轴中，传统的支撑轴通过铸造或锻造而整体形成。这既不适用于制造柔性化的要求，而且成本也相对非常昂贵。 As described above, in manufacturing a conventional support shaft, a conventional support shaft is integrally formed by casting or forging. This is not suitable for the requirements of manufacturing flexibility, and the cost is relatively expensive.

但在本发明所提供的技术方案中，通过将多个板状件 11焊接为支撑轴本体 10，而且使支撑轴本体 10具有中空的横截面形状，从而适应于制造柔性化的要求并且极大程度上降低制造成本。此外，中空的横截面形状使支撑轴本体 10具有相对较高的结构刚度和整体强度，从而使包括支撑轴本体 10的支撑轴适用于其工作场合的要求。 However, in the technical solution provided by the present invention, by welding the plurality of plate members 11 into the support shaft body 10, and the support shaft body 10 has a hollow cross-sectional shape, it is adapted to the requirements for manufacturing flexibility and is extremely large. To a lesser extent, manufacturing costs. In addition, the hollow cross-sectional shape provides the support shaft body 10 with a relatively high structural rigidity and overall strength, thereby making the support shaft including the support shaft body 10 suitable for the requirements of its work.

支撑轴本体 10构成支撑轴的主体部分，支撑轴的主要性能参数基本上取决于支撑轴本体 10。所述支撑轴本体 10的中空的横截面形状可以为各种合适的中空形状，例如中空的圆形、中空的椭圆形等。但优选地，所述支撑轴本体 10的截面形状为中空的矩形，从而使支撑轴本体方便加工，也具有较好的强度。 The support shaft body 10 constitutes a main body portion of the support shaft, and the main performance parameters of the support shaft depend substantially on the support shaft body 10. The hollow cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 may be various suitable hollow shapes, such as a hollow circular shape, a hollow oval shape, or the like. Preferably, however, the cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 is a hollow rectangle, so that the support shaft body is easy to process and has good strength.

支撑轴本体 10包括多个板状件 11，该板状件 11为板状的部件。通过将多个板状件 11拼连焊接在一起，从而形成具有中空的矩形横截面形状的支撑轴本体 10。 The support shaft body 10 includes a plurality of plate members 11, which are plate-like members. The support shaft body 10 having a hollow rectangular cross-sectional shape is formed by joining together a plurality of plate members 11 together.

各个板状件 11的形状和 /或几何参数可以相同，也可以不相同。只要能够拼连焊接为所述支撑轴本体 10即可。板状件 11可以由各种适于制造支撑轴的可焊接的材料制成，例如各种合金钢或碳钢等。各个板状件 11可以通过多种方法而预先制备获得，例如通过切割钢板、轧制等工艺方法而获得。 The shape and/or geometrical parameters of the respective plate members 11 may be the same or different. It suffices that the support shaft body 10 can be welded together. The plate member 11 can be made of various weldable materials suitable for manufacturing a support shaft, such as various alloy steels or carbon steels. Each of the plate members 11 can be obtained in advance by various methods, for example, by a process such as cutting steel sheets, rolling, or the like.

这里所使用的焊接工艺可以采用传统加工中的各种合适的焊接方法。例如，手工电弧悍、气体保护焊、埋弧焊等工艺方法，而且既可以采用人工悍接，也可以利用弧焊机器人或其它自动化焊接设备进行焊接。这里不再对悍接工艺的具体过程进行详细描述，焊接工艺可以根据具体的工况而加以选择适用。 The welding process used herein can employ various suitable welding methods in conventional processing. For example, manual arc enthalpy, gas shielded welding, submerged arc welding, etc., and can be welded either manually or by arc welding robots or other automated welding equipment. The specific process of the splicing process is not described in detail here, and the welding process can be selected according to the specific working conditions.

由于各个板状件 11的形状和 /或几何参数并没有特别的限制，因此，将多个板状件 11拼连并进行焊接，具有较大的灵活性，能够方便地形成预定形状参数的支撑轴本体 10，从而适应于制造柔性化的要求。 Since the shape and/or geometrical parameters of the respective plate members 11 are not particularly limited, the plurality of plate members 11 are joined and welded, which has greater flexibility and can easily form a support of predetermined shape parameters. The shaft body 10 is thus adapted to the requirements for manufacturing flexibility.

优选情况下，每个所述板状件 11 的纵向尺寸均与所述支撑轴本体 10 的纵向尺寸相等。 Preferably, each of the plate members 11 has a longitudinal dimension equal to the longitudinal dimension of the support shaft body 10.

支撑轴本体 10的多个板状件 11均为沿支撑轴本体 10的纵向方向上延伸的板状件，而且，各个板状件的纵向尺寸与支撑轴本体 10的纵向尺寸基本相等，从而能够利用相对较少的板状件快速而简单地形成上述支撑轴本体 10, 以有利于提高加工效率。 The plurality of plate members 11 supporting the shaft body 10 are plate members extending in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft body 10, and the longitudinal dimension of each of the plate members is substantially equal to the longitudinal dimension of the support shaft body 10, thereby enabling The support shaft body 10 described above is quickly and simply formed by relatively few plate members to facilitate processing efficiency.

另外，支撑轴本体 10在纵向方向上可以是直的，也可以形成有预定的弯曲度，通常在用于转向桥的情形中具有弯曲度，如图 1 所示。而且，在该情况下，所述板状件 11具有适应于支撑轴本体 10的形状。 In addition, the support shaft body 10 may be straight in the longitudinal direction or may be formed with a predetermined The degree of curvature, usually in the case of a steering bridge, has a degree of curvature, as shown in Figure 1. Moreover, in this case, the plate member 11 has a shape adapted to support the shaft body 10.

按照这种形式的板状件 11，在焊接形成支撑轴本体 10时，可以将各个板状件的侧边缘依次拼连焊接，从而围成具有矩形的中空横截面形状的支撑轴本体 10，能够提高悍接效率。例如，如图 2和图 3所示，各个板状件的侧边缘依次拼连焊接。 According to the plate member 11 of this form, when the support shaft body 10 is welded, the side edges of the respective plate members can be sequentially welded together, thereby enclosing the support shaft body 10 having a rectangular hollow cross-sectional shape, capable of Improve the efficiency of the connection. For example, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the side edges of the respective plate members are joined together in series.

在每个板状件的纵向尺寸或纵向长度与支撑轴本体 10的纵向尺寸或纵向长度相等的情况中，可以根据实际情况来选择所使用的板状件的数量。一般来说，为了形成具有矩形的中空截面形状，可以使用四块板状件 11。但是，也不限于四块，而是可以选择更多块板状件，如 5块、 6块或 8块等。 In the case where the longitudinal or longitudinal length of each of the plate members is equal to the longitudinal or longitudinal length of the support shaft body 10, the number of plate members used can be selected according to the actual situation. In general, in order to form a hollow sectional shape having a rectangular shape, four plate members 11 can be used. However, it is not limited to four blocks, but more pieces of plates, such as five, six or eight, can be selected.

而且，这里所谓的矩形的截面形状应该从工程技术的层次上加以理解。也就是说，矩形应该包括近似矩形、圆角矩形以及各种倒角的矩形形状，换句话说，整体上类似于或接近于矩形即可。此外，支撑轴本体 10的截面形状参数可以根据实际的工程要求而加以选择设计，例如矩形的长度和宽度，板状件的壁厚等。此外，正方形是一种特殊的矩形。 Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the rectangle referred to herein should be understood from the level of engineering technology. That is to say, the rectangle should include an approximately rectangular shape, a rounded rectangle, and various chamfered rectangular shapes, in other words, as a whole, similar to or close to a rectangle. In addition, the cross-sectional shape parameters of the support shaft body 10 can be selected according to actual engineering requirements, such as the length and width of the rectangle, the wall thickness of the plate member, and the like. In addition, the square is a special kind of rectangle.

优选情况下，如图 2所示，基本上采用四块纵向尺寸与支撑轴本体 10 的纵向尺寸相等的板状件 11来形成支撑轴本体 10。具体来说，所述支撑轴本体 10的横截面形状为中空的矩形，所述多个板状件 11包括底板件 111、第一侧板件 112、顶板件 113和第二侧板件 114，所述第一侧板件 112和第二侧板件 114分别焊接在所述底板件 111的两个侧边缘上，所述顶板件 113 焊接在所述第一侧板件 112和第二侧板件 114之间并与所述底板件 111彼此相对。这里所谓的 "顶"和 "底"是以包括支撑轴的整体式车桥安装到车辆后的状态来说的，仅是用于表示底板件 111和顶板件 113之间的相对位置关系。也就是说，在该状态中，底板件 111位于下方，而顶板件 113位于上方。 Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, the support shaft body 10 is formed substantially by four plate members 11 having a longitudinal dimension equal to the longitudinal dimension of the support shaft body 10. Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 is a hollow rectangle, and the plurality of plate-shaped members 11 include a bottom plate member 111, a first-side plate member 112, a top plate member 113, and a second side plate member 114. The first side plate member 112 and the second side plate member 114 are respectively welded on both side edges of the bottom plate member 111, and the top plate member 113 is welded to the first side plate member 112 and the second side plate The pieces 114 and the bottom plate member 111 are opposed to each other. Here, the "top" and "bottom" are in a state in which the integral axle including the support shaft is mounted to the vehicle, and are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship between the bottom plate member 111 and the top plate member 113. That is, in this state, the bottom plate member 111 is located below, and the top plate member 113 is located above.

通过图 2和图 3所示的截面图可知，均具有等于支撑轴本体 10的纵向尺寸的纵向尺寸的底板件 111、第一侧板件 112、顶板件 113和第二侧板件 114的侧边缘依次拼连焊接在一起，从而形成矩形的中空截面形状。 As can be seen from the cross-sectional views shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each has a longitudinal direction equal to that of the support shaft body 10. The side edges of the longitudinally sized floor member 111, the first side panel 112, the top panel member 113, and the second side panel member 114 are sequentially welded together to form a rectangular hollow cross-sectional shape.

图 2和图 3所示的结构特征形式为本发明优选实施方式的支撑轴所采用的结构特征形式，该结构特征形式既适用于整体式支持桥，也适用于整体式转向桥。利用图 2和图 3所示的截面形状，能够实现支撑轴本体具有较大的截面模量和较大的整体刚度，使支撑轴能够承受较大的弯矩和扭矩，满足支撑轴应用场合的需要。然而，本发明并不限于图 2和图 3所示的结构特征形式，例如可以采用 6块板状件形成支撑轴本体 10。 The structural features shown in Figures 2 and 3 are structural features of the support shafts of the preferred embodiment of the present invention which are applicable to both integral support bridges and integral steering axles. By using the sectional shape shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the support shaft body can have a large section modulus and a large overall rigidity, so that the support shaft can withstand large bending moments and torques, and can satisfy the support shaft application occasion. need. However, the present invention is not limited to the structural features shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and for example, the support shaft body 10 may be formed using six plate members.

优选地，为了避免出现不可接受的严重的应力集中问题，如图 3所示，所述支撑轴本体 10的矩形横截面形状的各个角均为圆角。但如图 2所示，所述支撑轴本体 10的矩形横截面形状的各个角也可以均为直角，或者部分为圆角而另一部分为直角。换句话说，图 3的截面形状与图 2的截面形状的主要区别之处就在于：图 3 的矩形截面形状中，各个（朝外的）角经过了圆角处理。 Preferably, in order to avoid unacceptably severe stress concentration problems, as shown in Fig. 3, the respective corners of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 are rounded. However, as shown in Fig. 2, the respective corners of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 may also be right angles, or partially rounded and the other portions may be right angles. In other words, the main difference between the cross-sectional shape of Fig. 3 and the cross-sectional shape of Fig. 2 is that in the rectangular cross-sectional shape of Fig. 3, each (outward facing) corner is rounded.

圆角的形式可以通过多种方式来实现。例如，可以在完成利用板状件焊接形成支撑轴本体 10后，再对该支撑轴本体 10的各个棱边进行机械加工；或者，在利用板状件进行焊接之前，对各个板状件进行预加工，以使焊接形成后的支撑轴本体 10的矩形截面形状的各个角为圆角。 The form of the fillet can be achieved in a number of ways. For example, after the support shaft body 10 is formed by the plate member welding, the respective edges of the support shaft body 10 may be machined; or, before the welding with the plate member, the respective plate members are pre-prepared. The respective corners of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 after the welding is formed are rounded.

如上所述，本发明的技术方案既可适用于支持桥，也可适用于转向桥。为了适应于转向桥，优选情况下，所述支撑轴还包括用于与转向节相配合的两个轴端件 12，该两个轴端件 12分别焊接于所述支撑轴本体 10的两个端部，在所述轴端件 12与对应的端部的连接处内衬有矩形衬环 13。 As described above, the technical solution of the present invention can be applied to both a support bridge and a steering bridge. In order to accommodate the steering axle, preferably the support shaft further comprises two shaft end pieces 12 for cooperating with the steering knuckle, the two shaft end pieces 12 being respectively welded to the two of the support shaft bodies 10 The end portion is lined with a rectangular backing ring 13 at the junction of the shaft end piece 12 and the corresponding end.

如图 1和图 4所示，轴端件 12具有销孔 14，具有轴端件 12的支撑轴通过穿过该销孔 14的主销（未显示）而与转向节装配在一起。 As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the shaft end piece 12 has a pin hole 14, and the support shaft having the shaft end piece 12 is fitted with the knuckle by a king pin (not shown) passing through the pin hole 14.

在完成支撑轴本体 10的制造后，可以将轴端件 12分别悍接到支撑轴本体 10的各个端部上，从而形成具有轴端件 12的支撑轴，以适用于转向桥的应用。轴端件 12可以通过多种方式制得。例如，可以通过整体铸造或整体锻造而制得轴端件 12，或者还可以通过机械加工的方法来制得轴端件 12。轴端件 12具有适用于与转向节配合的结构，例如上述销孔 14，或者相对于支撑轴本体 10具有预定的倾斜角度，或者形成为沿支撑轴本体 10的纵向延伸。 After the completion of the manufacture of the support shaft body 10, the shaft end pieces 12 can be respectively attached to the respective ends of the support shaft body 10, thereby forming a support shaft having the shaft end piece 12 for steering. Bridge application. The shaft end piece 12 can be made in a variety of ways. For example, the shaft end piece 12 can be made by integral casting or integral forging, or the shaft end piece 12 can also be produced by machining. The shaft end piece 12 has a structure suitable for mating with the steering knuckle, such as the above-described pin hole 14, or has a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the support shaft body 10, or is formed to extend in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft body 10.

为了便于进行焊接操作，优选在轴端件 12上加工有坡口，在支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部上也可以形成有坡口。在进行焊接时，将轴端件 12上的坡口与支撑轴本体 10的对应端部上的坡口对齐，进而再进行焊接操作。 In order to facilitate the welding operation, it is preferable to form a groove on the shaft end piece 12, and a groove may be formed on the corresponding end portion of the support shaft body 10. When welding is performed, the groove on the end piece 12 is aligned with the groove on the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10, and then the welding operation is performed.

另外，为了确保轴端件 12与支撑轴本体 10的可靠悍接，如图 1、图 4 和图 5所示，在所述轴端件 12与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部的连接处内衬有矩形衬环 13。 In addition, in order to ensure a reliable splicing of the shaft end piece 12 and the support shaft body 10, as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, at the joint of the shaft end piece 12 and the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10 The inner liner is provided with a rectangular backing ring 13.

矩形衬环 13与支撑轴本体 10的矩形的中空部分相对应，位于轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部的连接处的内部（即所谓的 "内衬")，并且贴合在该连接处的内表面上。 The rectangular backing ring 13 corresponds to the rectangular hollow portion of the support shaft body 10, is located inside the joint of the shaft end piece 12 and the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10 (so-called "liner"), and is fitted On the inner surface of the joint.

该矩形衬环 13的一部分与支撑轴本体 10的端部结合，另一部分与轴端件 12相结合，从而在焊接后于支撑轴本体 10的端部以及轴端件 12结合一体，以确保轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10的可靠焊接固定。 A portion of the rectangular collar 13 is coupled to the end of the support shaft body 10, and the other portion is coupled to the shaft end member 12 so as to be integrated with the end of the support shaft body 10 and the shaft end member 12 after welding to ensure the shaft. The end piece 12 and the support shaft body 10 are securely welded.

通过设置内衬的矩形衬环 13，在焊接轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10时，可以适当加工设置相对稍深的坡口，从而能够保证具有足够的焊接深度，以确保焊接质量。 By arranging the rectangular lining ring 13 of the lining, when welding the shaft end piece 12 and supporting the shaft body 10, a relatively deep groove can be appropriately machined to ensure a sufficient welding depth to ensure the welding quality.

矩形衬环 13可以通过多种方式内衬在支撑轴本体 10和轴端件 12的连接处。例如，可以将矩形衬环 13预先固定到支撑轴本体 10的中空内腔的表面上，并伸出于支撑轴本体 10的端部，因此当将轴端件 12的坡口与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部的坡口对齐时，该矩形衬环 13可以伸入轴端件 12中：或者以类似的方式，将矩形衬环 13预先设置在轴端件 12上，再插入支撑轴本体 10的端部的空腔中；或者矩形衬环 13与轴端件 12或支撑轴本体 10—体形成。 The rectangular backing ring 13 can be lined at the junction of the support shaft body 10 and the shaft end piece 12 in a variety of ways. For example, the rectangular backing ring 13 may be previously fixed to the surface of the hollow inner cavity of the support shaft body 10 and protruded from the end of the support shaft body 10, so when the groove of the shaft end piece 12 and the support shaft body 10 are The rectangular backing ring 13 can extend into the shaft end piece 12 when the corresponding end groove is aligned: or in a similar manner, the rectangular backing ring 13 is pre-disposed on the shaft end piece 12 and then inserted into the support shaft body. a cavity in the end of 10; or a rectangular backing ring 13 and a shaft end piece 12 or a support shaft The body 10 is formed in a body.

优选情况下，如图 1、图 4和图 5所示，每个所述轴端件 12包括连接部 121和形成有销孔 14的主体部 122，所述轴端件 12通过所述连接部 121 连接于所述支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部，所述连接部 121具有凹部 123，该凹部 123的周壁表面上设置有台阶部，所述矩形衬环 13安装到该台阶部处，并延伸到所述支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部中。 Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, each of the shaft end members 12 includes a connecting portion 121 and a main body portion 122 formed with a pin hole 14 through which the shaft end piece 12 passes. 121 is connected to a corresponding end of the support shaft body 10, the connecting portion 121 has a recess 123, a surface of the peripheral wall of the recess 123 is provided with a step portion, and the rectangular ring 13 is mounted to the step portion, and Extending into corresponding ends of the support shaft body 10.

销孔 14形成在主体部 122中，连接部 121形成在朝向支撑轴本体 10 的一侧。连接部 121与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部连接，从而实现轴端件 12与支撑轴本体 10的连接。 A pin hole 14 is formed in the body portion 122, and a connecting portion 121 is formed on a side facing the support shaft body 10. The connecting portion 121 is coupled to the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10, thereby achieving the connection of the shaft end member 12 with the support shaft body 10.

为了便于矩形衬环 13的设置，如图 5所示，在连接部 121上形成的凹部 123与支撑轴本体 10的中空空腔相互对应。矩形衬环 13安装在形成于凹部 123的周壁表面上的台阶部（未显示）处，从而能够确保矩形衬环 13 相对于连接部 121具有正确的安装位置。矩形衬环 13的宽度（即沿支撑轴本体 10的纵向方向上的尺寸）使该矩形衬环 13从轴端件 12延伸到支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部之内，从而实现该矩形衬环 13的一部分与轴端件 12 接触或固定，另一部分与支撑轴本体 10的端部的壁接触或固定。 In order to facilitate the arrangement of the rectangular backing ring 13, as shown in Fig. 5, the concave portion 123 formed on the connecting portion 121 and the hollow cavity of the support shaft body 10 correspond to each other. The rectangular collar 13 is mounted at a step (not shown) formed on the surface of the peripheral wall of the recess 123, thereby ensuring that the rectangular collar 13 has the correct mounting position with respect to the connecting portion 121. The width of the rectangular backing ring 13 (i.e., the dimension along the longitudinal direction of the support shaft body 10) causes the rectangular backing ring 13 to extend from the shaft end piece 12 into the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10, thereby realizing the rectangular lining A portion of the ring 13 is in contact with or fixed to the shaft end piece 12, and the other portion is in contact with or fixed to the wall of the end portion of the support shaft body 10.

按照该结构，当完成对轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部之间的焊接后，矩形衬环 13能够与轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10可靠地焊接固定在一起。 According to this configuration, when the welding between the shaft end piece 12 and the corresponding end portion of the support shaft body 10 is completed, the rectangular backing ring 13 can be reliably welded and fixed to the shaft end piece 12 and the support shaft body 10.

当然，本发明并不限于上述设置凹部 123 的结构形式。例如，连接部 Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described configuration in which the recess 123 is provided. For example, the connection

121也可以没有凹部，而是具有朝向支撑轴本体 10的对应端部的平面（即连接部 121的朝向支撑轴本体 10的端表面），矩形衬环 13固定在该平面上。 121 may also have no recess, but has a plane facing the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10 (i.e., the end surface of the connecting portion 121 facing the support shaft body 10) on which the rectangular backing ring 13 is fixed.

矩形衬环 13可以为单个矩形的环形件。或者，考虑到方便制造，优选地，所述矩形衬环 13也可包括彼此独立的两个相同的半衬环件。当将该两个相同的半衬环件面对面地（即开口对开口地）配合时，则形成完整的矩形衬环。通过将矩形衬环 13设计为两个相同的半衬环件，能够获得较好的互换性，从而降低制造成本，并有利于矩形衬环 13装配的便利性。当然，本发明并不限于此，矩形衬环 13也可包括彼此独立的两个不同的半衬环件，只要该两个不同的半衬环件能够连接形成完整的矩形衬环即可。 The rectangular backing ring 13 can be a single rectangular ring. Alternatively, in view of ease of manufacture, preferably, the rectangular backing ring 13 may also comprise two identical half-ring members that are independent of one another. When the two identical half-ring members are mated face to face (i.e., open to open), a complete rectangular backing ring is formed. By designing the rectangular backing ring 13 as two identical half-lining rings, better results can be obtained. Interchangeability, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and facilitating the assembly of the rectangular liner 13 is convenient. Of course, the invention is not limited thereto, and the rectangular backing ring 13 may also comprise two different half-ring members that are independent of each other, as long as the two different half-lining members can be joined to form a complete rectangular backing ring.

如图 4所示，在优选情况下，所述连接部 121的横向尺寸大于所述主体部 122的横向尺寸，所述连接部 121的侧表面与所述主体部 122的侧表面之间通过倾斜部 15过渡。这里所谓的横向是指图 4中竖直方向（也即图 2和图 3中的水平方向）。 As shown in FIG. 4, in a preferred case, the lateral dimension of the connecting portion 121 is larger than the lateral dimension of the main body portion 122, and the side surface of the connecting portion 121 and the side surface of the main body portion 122 are inclined by Department 15 transition. The term "lateral" as used herein refers to the vertical direction in Fig. 4 (i.e., the horizontal direction in Figs. 2 and 3).

换句话说，利用倾斜部 15能够使连接部 121相对于主体部 122在横向方向上向两侧突出。这样，当将包括该支撑轴的车桥装配到车辆底盘中后，利用向两侧突出的连接部 121的侧表面（具体来说利用倾斜部 15 ) 能够与转向节（未显示）上对应的限位结构（如未显示的限位螺钉）相配合，从而起到限制转向节转动范围的作用。 In other words, the connecting portion 121 can be protruded to the both sides in the lateral direction with respect to the main body portion 122 by the inclined portion 15. Thus, when the axle including the support shaft is assembled into the vehicle chassis, the side surface (specifically, the inclined portion 15) of the connecting portion 121 protruding to both sides can be associated with the steering knuckle (not shown). The limit structure (such as the limit screw not shown) cooperates to limit the range of rotation of the knuckle.

优选地，所述连接部 121与所述支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部具有相同的横截面形状，因此当轴端件 12通过连接部 121与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部连接后，基本上能够实现在连接处外轮廓面的平滑过渡。这不但有利于获得良好的外观效果，而且也能够避免出现应力集中。如上所述，进一步优选地，还可以使每个所述板状件 11的纵向尺寸均与所述支撑轴本体 10的纵向尺寸相等，从而方便支撑轴本体 10的制造。 Preferably, the connecting portion 121 has the same cross-sectional shape as the corresponding end portion of the support shaft body 10, so that when the shaft end piece 12 is connected to the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10 through the connecting portion 121, A smooth transition of the outer contour surface at the joint can basically be achieved. This not only helps to obtain a good appearance, but also avoids stress concentration. As described above, it is further preferred that the longitudinal dimension of each of the plate members 11 is equal to the longitudinal dimension of the support shaft body 10, thereby facilitating the manufacture of the support shaft body 10.

以上对本发明所提供的支撑轴的结构特征进行了详细地描述。下面在对支撑轴的结构特征进行了详细描述的基础上，再对上述用于整体式车桥的支撑轴的制造方法进行详细地描述。 The structural features of the support shaft provided by the present invention are described in detail above. Next, based on the detailed description of the structural features of the support shaft, the above-described manufacturing method for the support shaft of the integral axle will be described in detail.

在制造上述支撑轴时，根据需要提供所需的多个板状件 11。然后将所提供预先制备的多个板状件焊接为具有中空的横截面形状的支撑轴本体 In manufacturing the above-mentioned support shaft, a plurality of required plate members 11 are provided as needed. The pre-prepared plurality of plate members are then welded into a support shaft body having a hollow cross-sectional shape.

10。 10.

优选情况下，每个所述板状件 11 的纵向尺寸均与所述支撑轴本体 10 的纵向尺寸相等。因而，在焊接时，可以将各个相邻的板状件的侧边缘依次焊接，从而能够以较高的效率对多个板状件 11进行焊接操作，以形成支撑轴本体 10。 Preferably, each of the plate members 11 has a longitudinal dimension equal to the longitudinal dimension of the support shaft body 10. Therefore, when welding, the side edges of each adjacent plate member can be The sub-welding enables the plurality of plate members 11 to be welded at a high efficiency to form the support shaft body 10.

如上所述，所述支撑轴本体 10的中空的横截面形状可以为各种合适的中空形状，例如中空的圆形、中空的椭圆形等。但优选地，所述支撑轴本体 10的截面形状为中空的矩形。 As described above, the hollow cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 may be various suitable hollow shapes such as a hollow circular shape, a hollow oval shape, or the like. Preferably, however, the cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 is a hollow rectangle.

因此，为了形成具有矩形的中空截面形状，可以使用四块板状件 11，如图 2和和图 3所示，所述多个板状件 11包括底板件 111、第一侧板件 112、顶板件 113和第二侧板件 114。 Therefore, in order to form a hollow sectional shape having a rectangular shape, four plate members 11 may be used. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plurality of plate members 11 include a bottom plate member 111, a first side plate member 112, The top plate member 113 and the second side plate member 114.

针对该结构，所述制造方法包括：将所述第一侧板件 112和第二侧板件 114分别焊接在所述底板件 111的两个侧边缘上，将所述顶板件 113焊接在所述第一侧板件 112和第二侧板件 114之间，以形成具有中空的矩形横截面形状的支撑轴本体 10。 For the structure, the manufacturing method includes: welding the first side plate member 112 and the second side plate member 114 to the two side edges of the bottom plate member 111, respectively, and welding the top plate member 113 to the same. Between the first side panel 112 and the second side panel 114, a support shaft body 10 having a hollow rectangular cross-sectional shape is formed.

这里所谓的矩形的截面形状应该从工程技术的层次上加以理解。也就是说，矩形应该包括近似矩形、圆角矩形以及各种倒角的矩形形状，换句话说，整体上类似于或接近于矩形即可。矩形包括长方形和正方形。 The cross-sectional shape of the rectangle referred to here should be understood from the level of engineering technology. That is to say, the rectangle should include an approximate rectangle, a rounded rectangle, and various chamfered rectangular shapes, in other words, similar to or close to a rectangle as a whole. Rectangles include rectangles and squares.

但本发明并不限于此，例如，可以根据实际情况来选择所使用的板状件的数量。例如可以选择更多块板状件，如 5块、 6块或 8块等。 However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, the number of plate members used can be selected depending on the actual situation. For example, you can select more pieces, such as 5, 6, or 8.

进一步优选地，为了减小支撑轴本体 10的应力集中，所述制造方法还包括使所述支撑轴本体 10的矩形横截面形状的各个角均为圆角的机加工步骤。例如，可以在完成利用板状件焊接形成支撑轴本体 10后，再对该支撑轴本体 10的各个棱边进行机械加工；或者，在利用板状件进行焊接之前，对各个板状件进行预加工，以使焊接形成后的支撑轴本体 10的矩形截面形状的各个角为圆角。 Further preferably, in order to reduce the stress concentration of the support shaft body 10, the manufacturing method further includes a machining step of rounding each corner of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10. For example, after the support shaft body 10 is formed by the plate member welding, the respective edges of the support shaft body 10 may be machined; or, before the welding with the plate member, the respective plate members are pre-prepared. The respective corners of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body 10 after the welding is formed are rounded.

如上所述，本发明涉及的用于整体式车桥的支撑轴既可以适用于支持桥，也可以适用于转向桥。对于支持桥来说，支撑轴不具有与转向节装配的相应结构。而对于转向桥来说，支撑轴具有与转向节装配的相应结构（如根据本发明优选实施方式中的支撑轴的轴端件）。下面描述如何制造具有 (与转向节装配的）轴端件的支撑轴的过程。 As described above, the support shaft for the integral axle of the present invention can be applied to both the support bridge and the steering axle. For a support bridge, the support shaft does not have a corresponding structure for assembly with the steering knuckle. For a steering axle, the support shaft has a corresponding structure that is assembled with the steering knuckle (eg A shaft end piece of a support shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the invention). The following describes how to manufacture a support shaft having a shaft end piece (assembled with a steering knuckle).

在完成支撑轴本体 10的制造后，为了使支撑轴适用于转向桥，优选地，所述制造方法还包括： After the completion of the manufacture of the support shaft body 10, in order to adapt the support shaft to the steering axle, preferably, the manufacturing method further includes:

a) 预先制备轴端件 12，并在轴端件 12上机加工坡口； a) pre-preparing the shaft end piece 12 and machining the groove on the shaft end piece 12;

b) 在所述支撑轴本体 10的两个端部分别机加工坡口； b) machining the groove at each of the two ends of the support shaft body 10;

c) 将矩形衬环 13内衬在所述轴端件 12与对应的端部的连接处，将所述轴端件 12分别焊接于所述支撑轴本体 10的两个端部。 c) A rectangular backing ring 13 is lined at the junction of the shaft end piece 12 and the corresponding end, and the shaft end piece 12 is welded to both ends of the support shaft body 10, respectively.

轴端件 12与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部焊接连接。为了便于获得可靠的焊接，在轴端件 12上机加工有坡口，在支撑轴本体 10的两个端部上也分别机加工坡口。坡口的形式可以根据具体的要求而加以选择设计。优选地，坡口沿全部周向边缘延伸。 The shaft end piece 12 is welded to the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10. In order to facilitate reliable welding, the groove is machined on the shaft end piece 12, and the groove is also machined on both ends of the support shaft body 10, respectively. The form of the groove can be selected according to the specific requirements. Preferably, the groove extends along all circumferential edges.

在对轴端件 12与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部进行焊接时，可以一次焊接完成。但优选情况下，为了获得更好的焊接质量，可以采用多层多道焊接的方式，即在坡口所形成的矩形焊缝进行多层焊接。利用多层焊接的方法进行焊接不但可以减少焊接变形，还可以减少焊缝应力，防止焊缝过热，减少了焊缝的应力集中。而且，在焊接时，可以采用气体保护焊接的方法进行焊接，例如，在二氧化碳或惰性气体的保护下进行焊接。 When the shaft end piece 12 is welded to the corresponding end portion of the support shaft body 10, it can be welded once. Preferably, however, in order to obtain a better weld quality, a multi-layer multi-pass welding method, that is, a rectangular weld formed at the groove, may be used for multilayer welding. Welding by means of multi-layer welding not only reduces weld distortion, but also reduces weld stress, prevents weld overheating, and reduces stress concentration in the weld. Further, at the time of welding, welding may be performed by means of gas-shielded welding, for example, welding under the protection of carbon dioxide or an inert gas.

矩形衬环 13与支撑轴本体 10的矩形的中空部分相对应，位于轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部的连接处的内部，并且贴合在该连接处的内表面上。该矩形衬环 13的一部分与支撑轴本体 10的端部结合，另一部分与轴端件 12相结合，从而在焊接后于支撑轴本体 10的端部以及轴端件 12结合一体，以确保轴端件和支撑轴本体 10的可靠焊接固定。 The rectangular backing ring 13 corresponds to the rectangular hollow portion of the support shaft body 10, is located inside the joint of the shaft end piece 12 and the corresponding end portion of the support shaft body 10, and is fitted to the inner surface of the joint. A portion of the rectangular collar 13 is coupled to the end of the support shaft body 10, and the other portion is coupled to the shaft end member 12 so as to be integrated with the end of the support shaft body 10 and the shaft end member 12 after welding to ensure the shaft. The end piece and the support shaft body 10 are reliably welded and fixed.

通过设置矩形衬环 13，在焊接轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10时，可以适当加工设置相对稍深的坡口，从而能够保证具有足够的悍接深度，以确保焊接质量。矩形衬环 13可以通过多种方式内衬在支撑轴本体 10和轴端件 12的连接处。例如，可以将矩形衬环 13预先固定到支撑轴本体 10的中空内腔的表面上，并伸出于支撑轴本体 10的端部，因此当将轴端件 12的坡口与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部的坡口对齐时，该矩形衬环 13可以伸入轴端件 12中；或者以类似的方式，将矩形衬环 13预先设置在轴端件 12上，再插入支撑轴本体 10的端部的空腔中；或者矩形衬环 13与轴端件 12或支撑轴本体 10—体形成。 By providing the rectangular lining ring 13, when welding the shaft end piece 12 and supporting the shaft body 10, a relatively deep groove can be appropriately machined, so that a sufficient splicing depth can be ensured to ensure the welding quality. The rectangular backing ring 13 can be lined at the junction of the support shaft body 10 and the shaft end piece 12 in a variety of ways. For example, the rectangular backing ring 13 may be previously fixed to the surface of the hollow inner cavity of the support shaft body 10 and protruded from the end of the support shaft body 10, so when the groove of the shaft end piece 12 and the support shaft body 10 are The rectangular backing ring 13 can extend into the shaft end piece 12 when the corresponding end groove is aligned; or in a similar manner, the rectangular backing ring 13 is pre-arranged on the shaft end piece 12, and then inserted into the support shaft body. The end of the cavity is 10; or the rectangular collar 13 is formed integrally with the shaft end piece 12 or the support shaft body 10.

优选情况下，每个所述轴端件 12包括连接部 121和具有销孔 14的主体部 122，所述连接部 121具有凹部 123，该凹部 123的周侧表面上设置有台阶部，所述步骤 c ) 包括： Preferably, each of the shaft end members 12 includes a connecting portion 121 and a main body portion 122 having a pin hole 14 having a recess portion 123, and a step portion is provided on a circumferential side surface of the recess portion 123, Step c) includes:

cl ) 将所述矩形衬环 13的一端安装到所述连接部 121的凹部 123上； c2 )将所述轴端件 12与所述支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部对齐且接触，从而将所述矩形衬环 13的另一端***所述支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部中。 Cl) mounting one end of the rectangular backing ring 13 to the recess 123 of the connecting portion 121; c2) aligning and contacting the shaft end piece 12 with the corresponding end of the supporting shaft body 10, thereby The other end of the rectangular backing ring 13 is inserted into a corresponding end of the support shaft body 10.

为了便于矩形衬环 13的设置，如图 5所示，在连接部 121上形成有凹部 123。凹部 123与支撑轴本体 10的中空空腔相互对应。矩形衬环 13安装在形成于凹部 123 的周壁表面上的台阶部（未显示）上，从而能够确保矩形衬环 13相对于连接部 121具有正确的安装位置。矩形衬环 13的宽度使该矩形衬环 13从轴端件 12延伸到支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部（的空腔）中。 In order to facilitate the arrangement of the rectangular backing ring 13, as shown in Fig. 5, a concave portion 123 is formed in the connecting portion 121. The recess 123 corresponds to the hollow cavity of the support shaft body 10. The rectangular backing ring 13 is mounted on a step portion (not shown) formed on the surface of the peripheral wall of the concave portion 123, thereby ensuring that the rectangular backing ring 13 has a correct mounting position with respect to the connecting portion 121. The width of the rectangular backing ring 13 causes the rectangular backing ring 13 to extend from the shaft end piece 12 to the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10.

在矩形衬环 13安装在凹部 123的过程中，可以将矩形衬环 13的一端 In the process in which the rectangular backing ring 13 is mounted in the recess 123, one end of the rectangular backing ring 13 can be

(即沿该图 5中所示的水平方向的一端）安装到上述凹部 123上，并使矩形衬环 13的另一端突出于端部件 12。矩形衬环 13可以通过多种方式安装到凹部 123中，例如通过点焊或卡扣等方式。 (i.e., one end in the horizontal direction shown in Fig. 5) is attached to the above-mentioned concave portion 123, and the other end of the rectangular backing ring 13 is protruded from the end member 12. The rectangular backing ring 13 can be mounted into the recess 123 in a variety of ways, such as by spot welding or snapping.

然后，将带有矩形衬环 13的端部件 12与支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部对齐并接触，从而将矩形衬环 13的另一端***所述支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部中，从而实现该矩形衬环 13的一部分与轴端件 12接触或固定，另一部分与支撑轴本体 10的端部的壁接触或固定。按照该结构，当完成对轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10的对应的端部之间的焊接后，矩形衬环 13能够与轴端件 12和支撑轴本体 10可靠地焊接固定在一起。 Then, the end piece 12 with the rectangular backing ring 13 is aligned and contacted with the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10, so that the other end of the rectangular backing ring 13 is inserted into the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10, Thereby, a part of the rectangular backing ring 13 is brought into contact with or fixed to the shaft end piece 12, and A portion is in contact with or fixed to the wall of the end of the support shaft body 10. According to this configuration, when the welding between the shaft end piece 12 and the corresponding end portion of the support shaft body 10 is completed, the rectangular backing ring 13 can be reliably welded and fixed to the shaft end piece 12 and the support shaft body 10.

当然，本发明并不限于上述设置凹部 123 的结构形式。例如，连接部 121可以没有凹部，而是具有朝向支撑轴本体 10的对应端部的平面，矩形衬环 13固定在该平面上。 Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described configuration in which the recess 123 is provided. For example, the connecting portion 121 may have no recess, but has a plane facing the corresponding end of the support shaft body 10, on which the rectangular backing ring 13 is fixed.

矩形衬环 13可以为单个矩形的环形件。或者，考虑到制造得方便，优选地，所述矩形衬环 13也可包括彼此独立的两个相同的半衬环件。 The rectangular backing ring 13 can be a single rectangular ring member. Alternatively, the rectangular backing ring 13 may also include two identical half-lining members that are independent of one another, in view of ease of manufacture.

在该情况下，在将矩形衬环 13固定到端部件 12的凹部 123中时，可以将两个半衬环件分别固定到所述台阶部的两个相对的侧表面上，并使该两个半衬环件面对面设置，以形成完整的矩形衬环。通过将矩形衬环 13设计为两个相同的半衬环件，能够获得较好的互换性，从而降低制造成本，并有利于矩形衬环 13装配的便利性。 In this case, when the rectangular backing ring 13 is fixed into the recess 123 of the end piece 12, the two half-ring members can be respectively fixed to the opposite side surfaces of the step portion, and the two The half liner rings are placed face to face to form a complete rectangular liner. By designing the rectangular backing ring 13 as two identical half-lining members, better interchangeability can be obtained, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and facilitating the assembly convenience of the rectangular backing ring 13.

此外，在制造支撑轴的过程中，还包括对支撑轴进行机加工和 /或热处理的歩骤，关于这些工艺，可以参考传统的支撑轴的制造方法中的机加工和 /或热处理的工艺，这里就不再详细描述。 In addition, in the process of manufacturing the support shaft, a step of machining and/or heat-treating the support shaft is further included. For these processes, reference may be made to the machining and/or heat treatment process in the conventional manufacturing method of the support shaft. It will not be described in detail here.

以上对本发明所提供的用于整体式车桥的支撑轴的制造过程也进行了详细地描述。需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，可以通过任何合适的方式进行任意组合，其同样落入本发明所公开的范围之内，而不限于权利要求书中各项权利要求的引用关系。另外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。 The manufacturing process of the support shaft for the integral axle provided by the present invention has also been described in detail above. It should be noted that the specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and are also within the scope of the disclosure, and are not limited to the claims. The reference relationship of the claims. In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present invention may be made as long as it does not deviate from the idea of the present invention, and it should be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.

以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。 The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. These simple variations are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

权利要求 Rights request

1. 用于整体式车桥的支撑轴，该支撑轴包括支撑轴本体（10)，其特征在于，该支撑轴本体（10) 包括多个板状件（11)，该多个板状件（11) 通过焊接而固定连接，从而使所述支撑轴本体（10) 具有中空的横截面形状。 A support shaft for an integral axle, the support shaft comprising a support shaft body (10), characterized in that the support shaft body (10) comprises a plurality of plate members (11), the plurality of plate members (11) The joint is fixed by welding so that the support shaft body (10) has a hollow cross-sectional shape.

2. 根据权利要求 1所述的支撑轴，其中，所述支撑轴本体（10) 的横截面形状为中空的矩形，所述多个板状件（11) 包括底板件（111)、第一侧板件（112)、顶板件（113) 和第二侧板件（114)，所述第一侧板件（112) 和第二侧板件（114) 分别焊接在所述底板件（111) 的两个侧边缘上，所述顶板件（113) 悍接在所述第一侧板件（112) 和第二侧板件（114) 之间并与所述底板件（111) 彼此相对。 2. The support shaft according to claim 1, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body (10) is a hollow rectangle, and the plurality of plate members (11) include a bottom plate member (111), first a side panel member (112), a top panel member (113) and a second side panel member (114), wherein the first side panel member (112) and the second side panel member (114) are respectively welded to the bottom panel member (111) On the two side edges, the top plate member (113) is knit between the first side plate member (112) and the second side plate member (114) and opposite to the bottom plate member (111) .

3. 根据权利要求 2所述的支撑轴，其中，所述支撑轴本体（10) 的矩形横截面形状的各个角为圆角。 3. The support shaft according to claim 2, wherein each corner of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body (10) is rounded.

4. 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的支撑轴，其中，所述支撑轴还包括两个轴端件（12)，该两个轴端件（12) 分别焊接于所述支撑轴本体（10) 的两个端部，在所述轴端件（12)与对应的端部的连接处内衬有矩形衬环（13)。 4. The support shaft according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the support shaft further comprises two shaft end pieces (12), and the two shaft end pieces (12) are respectively welded to the support shaft body (10) The two ends are lined with a rectangular backing ring (13) at the junction of the shaft end piece (12) and the corresponding end.

5. 根据权利要求 4所述的支撑轴，其中，每个所述轴端件（12) 包括连接部（121)和主体部（122)，每个所述轴端件（12)通过所述连接部（121) 连接于所述支撑轴本体（10) 的对应的端部，所述连接部（121) 具有凹部5. The support shaft according to claim 4, wherein each of the shaft end pieces (12) comprises a connecting portion (121) and a body portion (122), each of the shaft end pieces (12) passing through a connecting portion (121) connected to a corresponding end of the support shaft body (10), the connecting portion (121) having a recess

(123), 该凹部（123) 的周壁表面上设置有台阶部，所述矩形衬环（13) 安装到该台阶部处，并延伸到所述支撑轴本体（10) 的对应的端部中。 (123), a surface of the peripheral wall of the recess (123) is provided with a step, the rectangular ring (13) is mounted to the step and extends into a corresponding end of the support shaft body (10) .

6. 根据权利要求 4所述的支撑轴，其中，所述矩形衬环（13) 包括彼此独立的两个相同的半衬环件。 6. A support shaft according to claim 4, wherein the rectangular backing ring (13) comprises two identical half-liner members that are independent of one another.

7. 根据权利要求 5所述的支撑轴，其中，所述连接部（121 ) 的横向尺寸大于所述主体部（122) 的横向尺寸，所述连接部（121 ) 的侧表面与所述主体部（122) 的侧表面之间通过倾斜部（15 ) 过渡。 7. The support shaft according to claim 5, wherein a lateral dimension of the connecting portion (121) is larger than a lateral dimension of the main body portion (122), a side surface of the connecting portion (121) and the main body The side surfaces of the portion (122) are transitioned by the inclined portion (15).

8. 根据权利要求 5所述的支撑轴，其中，所述连接部（121 ) 与所述支撑轴本体（10) 的对应的端部具有相同的横截面形状，并且每个所述板状件 ( 11 ) 的纵向尺寸均与所述支撑轴本体（10) 的纵向尺寸相等。 8. The support shaft according to claim 5, wherein the connecting portion (121) has the same cross-sectional shape as a corresponding end portion of the support shaft body (10), and each of the plate members The longitudinal dimension of (11) is equal to the longitudinal dimension of the support shaft body (10).

9. 用于整体式车桥的支撑轴的制造方法，其中，该制造方法包括将预先制备的多个板状件（11 )焊接为具有中空的横截面形状的支撑轴本体（10)。 A method of manufacturing a support shaft for an integral axle, wherein the manufacturing method comprises welding a plurality of previously prepared plate members (11) into a support shaft body (10) having a hollow cross-sectional shape.

10. 根据权利要求 9所述的制造方法，其中，所述多个板状件（11 )包括底板件（111 )、第一侧板件（112)、顶板件（113) 和第二侧板件（114)，所述制造方法包括：将所述第一侧板件（112) 和第二侧板件（114) 分别焊接在所述底板件（111 ) 的两个侧边缘上，将所述顶板件（113 ) 焊接在所述第一侧板件（112 )和第二侧板件（114)之间，以形成具有中空的矩形横截面形状的支撑轴本体（10); 10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of plate members (11) comprise a bottom plate member (111), a first side plate member (112), a top plate member (113), and a second side plate (114), the manufacturing method includes: welding the first side plate member (112) and the second side plate member (114) to the two side edges of the bottom plate member (111), respectively a top plate member (113) welded between the first side plate member (112) and the second side plate member (114) to form a support shaft body (10) having a hollow rectangular cross-sectional shape;

所述制造方法还包括使所述支撑轴本体（10)的矩形横截面形状的各个角均为圆角的机加工步骤。 The manufacturing method further includes a machining step of rounding each corner of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the support shaft body (10).

11. 根据权利要求 10所述的制造方法，其中，该制造方法还包括： a) 预先制备轴端件（12)，并在轴端件（12) 上加工坡口； 11. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, wherein the manufacturing method further comprises: a) pre-preparing the shaft end piece (12), and machining the groove on the shaft end piece (12);

b) 在所述支撑轴本体（10) 的两个端部分别加工坡口； c)将矩形衬环（13) 内衬在所述轴端件（12) 与对应的端部的连接处，将所述轴端件（12) 分别焊接于所述支撑轴本体（10) 的两个端部。 b) processing the groove at each end of the support shaft body (10); c) lining a rectangular collar (13) at the junction of the shaft end piece (12) and the corresponding end, respectively welding the shaft end piece (12) to the support shaft body (10) Both ends.

12. 根据权利要求 11所述的制造方法，其中，每个所述轴端件（12) 包括连接部（121) 和具有销孔（14) 的主体部（122)，所述连接部（121) 具有凹部（123)，该凹部（123) 的周侧表面上设置有台阶部， 12. The manufacturing method according to claim 11, wherein each of the shaft end pieces (12) includes a connecting portion (121) and a main body portion (122) having a pin hole (14), the connecting portion (121) a recessed portion (123) having a stepped portion provided on a circumferential side surface thereof

所述步骤 c) 包括： The step c) includes:

cl)将所述矩形衬环（13)的一端安装到所述连接部（121)的凹部（123) 的台阶部处； Cl) mounting one end of the rectangular backing ring (13) to the stepped portion of the recess (123) of the connecting portion (121);

c2)将所述轴端件（12) 与所述支撑轴本体（10) 的对应的端部对齐且接触，从而将所述矩形衬环（13) 的另一端***所述支撑轴本体（10) 的对应的端部中。 C2) aligning and contacting the shaft end piece (12) with the corresponding end of the support shaft body (10), thereby inserting the other end of the rectangular backing ring (13) into the support shaft body (10) ) in the corresponding end.

13. 根据权利要求 11所述的制造方法，其中，所述矩形衬环（13) 包括彼此分离的两个相同的半衬环件。 The manufacturing method according to claim 11, wherein the rectangular backing ring (13) includes two identical half-ring members that are separated from each other.