WO2012051790A1 - Cathode structure, aluminum electrolysis cell, and method for lowering horizontal current in aluminum liquid - Google Patents
Cathode structure, aluminum electrolysis cell, and method for lowering horizontal current in aluminum liquid Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012051790A1 WO2012051790A1 PCT/CN2011/001572 CN2011001572W WO2012051790A1 WO 2012051790 A1 WO2012051790 A1 WO 2012051790A1 CN 2011001572 W CN2011001572 W CN 2011001572W WO 2012051790 A1 WO2012051790 A1 WO 2012051790A1
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- cathode
- carbon block
- steel rod
- cathode carbon
- aluminum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
Definitions
- This invention relates to the field of producing primary aluminum using Hall-Elu electrolysis. Specifically, the present invention relates to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell capable of greatly reducing a horizontal current in an aluminum electrolytic bath, an aluminum electrolytic cell including the cathode structure, and a aluminum electrolytic cell capable of greatly reducing A method of horizontal current in aluminum liquid. Background technique
- Metallic aluminum is industrially produced by molten salt electrolysis, that is, alumina which is electrolytically dissolved in an electrolyte containing molten cryolite as a main component, and the main method currently employed is Hall-Heroult electrolysis.
- the direct equipment for producing electrolytic aluminum is an electrolytic cell.
- the electrolytic cell mainly consists of two major parts, one part is an anode, usually made of carbon material, and the other part is a cathode, which is made of carbon block and lining material ⁇ /.
- the aluminum electrolysis cell is connected in series throughout the electrolysis series. Current flows from the anode into the electrolysis cell, through the molten electrolyte, through the liquid aluminum liquid, into the cathode carbon block, and the current is collected through the cathode steel rod assembled in the cathode carbon block, and then passed.
- the cathode busbar is introduced into the next electrolytic cell.
- the cathode structure of the existing aluminum electrolytic cell is such that a cathode steel rod is installed at the bottom of the cathode carbon block, and one or two cathodes are arranged in the block, and the cathode and the cathode carbon are in the same direction; the one end of the cathode steel rod is placed.
- the side wall of the electrolysis cell is connected to the cathode bus bar.
- the cathode conductive structure has a very large disadvantage: since the cathode steel bar and the cathode carbon block are placed in the same horizontal direction and the current preferentially selects the path with the smallest resistance, that is, from the current electrolytic cell in the series electrolytic series.
- the liquid aluminum liquid passes through the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel rod and enters the next electrolytic cell in the series electrolysis series through the cathode bus, thereby causing a very large horizontal current in the aluminum liquid, which is common with the vertical magnetic field in the aluminum liquid.
- the action generates electromagnetic force, which drives the liquid aluminum liquid to flow and fluctuate in the electrolytic cell. If the horizontal current in the electrolytic cell is too large and unevenly distributed, the interface between the aluminum liquid and the electrolyte fluctuates too much, so that the electrolytic cell Produces severe instability in production and reduces current efficiency.
- the horizontal current distribution in the aluminum liquid is unevenly distributed along the length of the cathode carbon block, so that the current density at the end of the cathode carbon block is maximized, thereby significantly accelerating the corrosion of the cathode carbon block and reducing the electrolytic cell. Life expectancy.
- the present invention proposes a method for greatly reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell, the purpose of which is to reduce the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid and make the cathode current density more uniform.
- the stability of the production of the aluminum electrolytic cell is improved, the electrolytic cell can be operated efficiently and smoothly at a lower pole pitch, the energy consumption per ton of aluminum is significantly reduced, the cathode current density is uniform, the rate of cathode wear is reduced, and the life of the cathode is prolonged.
- a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell at least one cathode steel rod is mounted at the bottom of the cathode carbon block, and current is passed from the aluminum via a cathode bus bar connected to an end of the cathode steel rod Derived in the electrolytic cell, characterized in that the cathode steel bar is divided into at least two portions including the upper portion from the top to the bottom in the height direction of the cathode steel rod along the length direction of the cathode carbon block, the cathode steel The rod is connected to the cathode carbon block in a section of the cathode carbon block which is not divided, and the upper portion of the cathode steel rod which is adjacent to the cathode carbon block is connected by an electric conductor and a cathode carbon block.
- the other part below the upper part is insulated by an insulator and a cathode carbon block, and the partition is filled with a partition insulating material to insulate
- the cathode steel bar is divided into an upper half and a lower half in a length direction near a portion of the cathode carbon block by a slit, and the cathode steel bar is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block.
- One section is connected by electric conductor and cathode carbon block, and the lower part is made of extrudate and cathode carbon block.
- an aluminum electrolytic cell comprising the above cathode structure for substantially reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell.
- a method for substantially reducing a horizontal current in an aluminum bath of an aluminum electrolytic cell comprising the steps of: ligating or pouring a lower portion of a cathode carbon block Casting at least one cathode steel rod, connecting the end of the cathode steel rod to the cathode bus bar to conduct current from the aluminum electrolytic tank, and the cathode steel rod is divided along the length direction by a section near the end of the cathode carbon block Forming at least two portions of the upper portion, the portion of the cathode steel bar that is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block is electrically connected to the cathode carbon block, and the upper portion of the cathode steel rod near the end of the cathode carbon block is divided An electrical conductor is connected to the cathode carbon block, and the other insulator under the upper portion is insulated from the cathode carbon block, and the partition is filled with a partition insul
- the electrical conductor may be carbon paste or ferrophosphorus.
- the cathode steel bar may be partially ligated or cast in a cathode carbon block, and the cathode steel bar is entirely passed out from the side of the electrolytic cell.
- the cross-sectional shape of the cathode steel bar may be square, circular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or triangular.
- 1-50 cathode steel bars can be installed in the lower part of each set of cathode carbon blocks.
- the dividing seam may be more than two horizontal dividing seams.
- the advantages and effects of the present invention are as follows:
- the present invention has a strong practicability, and the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid is greatly reduced without changing the cathode power-off mode, that is, the side-out power, and the cathode current distribution is more uniform.
- Hook improve the stability of the electrolyzer, prolong the life of the trough, the electrolyzer can run efficiently and smoothly under the condition of low pole distance, effectively reduce the energy consumption per ton of aluminum, and have significant energy saving effect.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cathode structure in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a cathode structure of a cathode carbon block and a cathode steel rod according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a cathode structure of a cathode carbon block and a cathode steel rod according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a cathode cathode block and a cathode steel rod combined cathode according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the structure.
- cathode carbon block 1, cathode carbon block; 2, cathode steel rod; 3, separation joint; 4, partition insulation material; 5, insulator; 6, electrical conductor.
- the directional terms used in the present application such as "upper” and “lower” are relative to the distance from the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic bath.
- the upper portion of the cathode carbon block is closer to the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell than the lower portion of the cathode carbon block;
- the (half) portion of the cathode steel rod is closer to the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell than the lower (half) portion of the cathode steel rod, or the cathode steel rod
- the upper (half) portion is disposed closer to the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell along the height of the cathode steel bar relative to the lower (half) portion of the cathode steel bar.
- longitudinal section of a cathode steel rod as used in the present application means a section taken along the length of the cathode steel rod through its center line.
- the section of the cathode steel bar 2 which is adjacent to the end of the cathode carbon block 1 in the longitudinal direction is divided into an upper half and a lower half by a slit 3. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that when only one cathode steel rod is lapped or cast in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block, it is preferable to set the cathode steel rod 2 in the length direction at a portion close to both ends of the cathode carbon block 1, respectively. Separate the seam 3. As shown in Fig.
- the portion of the cathode steel rod 2 which is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block 1 is entirely connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the electric conductor 6, and is adjacent to the cathode steel rod 2 at the end of the cathode carbon block 1.
- the half portion is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the conductor 6, and the lower portion is insulated from the cathode carbon block 1 by the insulator 5.
- the partition 3 is filled with the partition insulating material 4 to insulate the upper and lower portions of the cathode steel rod 2.
- the conductor 6 is a carbon paste or a ferrophosphorus.
- cathode steel rod 2 shows a projected longitudinal section of a cathode structure composed of a combination of a cathode steel bar and a cathode carbon block with a slit. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the cross-sectional shape of the cathode steel rod 2 is square, circular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or Triangle, 1-50 cathode steel rods are installed in the lower part of each cathode carbon block 1.
- the horizontal dividing slit 3 in the cathode structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is disposed at a position substantially half the height of the cathode steel rod 2, thereby bringing the cathode steel rod 2 along the length.
- the direction is divided into an upper half and a lower half at a section near the end of the cathode carbon block 1.
- the dividing seam 3 is preferably disposed at a position above the one-half height of the cathode steel rod 2 near the top cathode carbon block 1.
- the partition 3 may also preferably be provided in such a shape that the upper half of the cathode steel rod 2 is tapered toward the end of the top cathode carbon block 1.
- the present invention also discloses a method capable of greatly reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell, the method comprising the steps of: securing or casting at least one cathode steel rod 2 in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1
- the cathode steel bar 2 is divided into an upper half and a lower half in a length direction at a portion close to the end of the cathode carbon block 1, and the cathode steel bar 2 is electrically conductive in a section which is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block 1.
- the body 6 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1, and the upper half of the cathode steel rod 2 near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the electric conductor 6, and the lower half is insulated from the cathode carbon block 1 by the insulator 5, and the partition is separated.
- 3 is filled with a partition insulating material 4 to insulate the upper and lower portions of the cathode steel rod 2, and one end of the cathode steel rod is connected to the cathode bus.
- Fig. 5 schematically shows a cathode structure of a second embodiment according to the present invention.
- the two cathode steel rods 2 are all symmetrical or symmetrical to each other in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1, and one end of the cathode steel rod 2 is connected to the cathode bus bar.
- the cathode steel bar 2 is divided into an upper half and a lower half in a length direction at a section close to the end of the cathode carbon block 1 by a polygonal line dividing slit 3.
- the dividing seam 3 may also be in other shapes such that the upper half of the cathode steel rod 2 is tapered toward the end of the top cathode carbon block 1, such as a diagonal dividing seam, an arc-shaped dividing seam. Wait. Similar to the description in the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, the cathode steel bar 2 in the cathode structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is entirely electrically conductive in a section in which the intermediate portion of the cathode carbon block 1 is not divided.
- PT/CN2011/001572 is filled with a gap insulation material 4 in the seam 3 to insulate the upper and lower parts of the cathode steel rod 2.
- Such a partition is arranged such that the portion of the cathode steel bar 2 connected to the cathode carbon block 1 through the electric conductor 6 has a projected longitudinal cross-sectional shape which is tapered toward the end of the cathode carbon block 1, as shown in FIG.
- Fig. 6 schematically shows a cathode structure in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the left half of Fig. 6 shows a projected longitudinal section of a cathode structure composed of a combination of a cathode steel bar and a cathode carbon block with a slit.
- the two cathode steel rods 2 are all symmetrical or cast symmetrically with each other in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1, and one end of the cathode steel rod 2 is connected to the cathode bus bar.
- the section of the cathode steel bar 2 along the length direction near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is divided into an upper portion (first portion), a middle portion (second portion) and a lower portion (third portion) by two horizontal slits 3.
- the seam below it is longer than the seam above it.
- the cathode steel bar 2 in the cathode structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention is electrically conductive in the section in which the intermediate portion of the cathode carbon block 1 is not divided.
- the body 6 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1, and the upper portion of the cathode steel rod 2 near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the electric conductor 6, and the middle portion and the lower portion between the upper and lower partitions are made of insulator 5. It is insulated from the cathode carbon block 1, and the partition 3 is filled with a partition insulating material 4 to insulate the upper, middle and lower portions of the cathode steel rods 2 from each other.
- Such a partition is arranged such that the portion of the cathode steel bar 2 that is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 through the conductor 6 has a stepped projection longitudinal cross-sectional shape that tapers toward the end of the cathode carbon block 1, as shown in FIG. .
- the section of the cathode steel bar 2 along the length direction near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is divided into more parts from top to bottom by more slits 3, wherein the lower part is located below.
- the dividing slit is longer than the dividing slit located above, whereby the portion of the cathode steel bar 2 connected to the cathode carbon block 1 through the electric conductor 6 has a stepped projection longitudinal sectional shape which is tapered toward the end of the cathode carbon block 1.
- the invention adjusts the combined resistance of the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel rod by changing the structure of the cathode steel rod, the connection manner of the cathode steel rod and the cathode carbon block, without changing the cathode power-off mode, that is, adjusting the aluminum liquid and
- the resistance between the first equipotential surface in contact with the cathode carbon block and the second equipotential surface at the end of the cathode steel rod connected to the cathode bus bar significantly reduces the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid, resulting in a more cathode current distribution.
- the hooks are used to improve the stability of the electrolyzer, so that the electrolyzer can be efficiently and stably produced under low pole distance conditions, effectively reducing the energy consumption per ton of aluminum, and the energy saving effect is obvious. Achieve the purpose of reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid.
- the method capable of greatly reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell, the cathode structure, and an aluminum electrolytic cell including the cathode structure are described.
- the specific embodiment of the present patent is also only for the drawing.
- the method, the cathode structure, and the implementation of the aluminum electrolytic cell including the cathode structure are exemplarily described, but the scope of the patent is defined by the following claims, and is not limited by the examples in the patent. .
Abstract
Disclosed is a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell, where a cathode steel bar is divided, along a height direction of the cathode steel bar from top to bottom, into at least two portions comprising an upper portion by a dividing seam in a segment close to an end portion of a cathode carbon block along the length direction, the cathode steel bar is connected to the cathode carbon block by an electric conductor in a segment in a middle part of the cathode carbon block which is not divided, the upper portion of the cathode steel bar that is close to the end portion of the cathode carbon block and is divided is connected to the cathode carbon block by an electric conductor, the other portions that are located below the upper portion is insulated from the cathode carbon block by using an insulator, and the dividing seam is filled with a dividing seam insulating material. Disclosed are also an aluminum electrolysis cell comprising the cathode structure and a method for lowering a horizontal current in an aluminum liquid. Through the present invention, the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid is greatly lowered, so that the distribution of cathode current becomes more even, the stability of the electrolysis cell is improved, the service life of the cell is prolonged, the energy consumption per ton of aluminum is effectively lowered, and a significant energy saving effect is achieved.
Description
一种降低铝液中水平电流的阴极结构、 铝电解槽和方法 技术领域 Cathode structure for reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid, aluminum electrolytic cell and method
本发明涉及采用霍尔-埃鲁电解法生产原铝的领域。 具体地说， 本 发明涉及一种能够大幅度降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的铝电解槽的 阴极结构、 一种包括所述阴极结构的铝电解槽以及一种能够大幅度降 低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方法。 背景技术 This invention relates to the field of producing primary aluminum using Hall-Elu electrolysis. Specifically, the present invention relates to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell capable of greatly reducing a horizontal current in an aluminum electrolytic bath, an aluminum electrolytic cell including the cathode structure, and a aluminum electrolytic cell capable of greatly reducing A method of horizontal current in aluminum liquid. Background technique
金属铝在工业上采用熔盐电解法进行生产， 即电解溶解在熔融的 冰晶石为主要成分的电解质中的氧化铝， 目前主要采用的方法为霍尔- 埃鲁 （ Hall-Heroult ) 电解法。 Metallic aluminum is industrially produced by molten salt electrolysis, that is, alumina which is electrolytically dissolved in an electrolyte containing molten cryolite as a main component, and the main method currently employed is Hall-Heroult electrolysis.
生产电解铝的直接设备为电解槽 , 电解槽主要有两大部分组成， 一部分为阳极， 通常由碳素材料制成， 另一部分为阴极， 由炭块与内 衬材料 ^/筑而成。 The direct equipment for producing electrolytic aluminum is an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell mainly consists of two major parts, one part is an anode, usually made of carbon material, and the other part is a cathode, which is made of carbon block and lining material ^/.
铝电解槽被串联在整个电解系列中， 电流从阳极进入电解槽， 通 过熔融的电解质， 穿过液态铝液， 进入阴极炭块， 电流通过装配在阴 极炭块中的阴极钢棒收集， 进而通过阴极母线导入下一台电解槽。 The aluminum electrolysis cell is connected in series throughout the electrolysis series. Current flows from the anode into the electrolysis cell, through the molten electrolyte, through the liquid aluminum liquid, into the cathode carbon block, and the current is collected through the cathode steel rod assembled in the cathode carbon block, and then passed. The cathode busbar is introduced into the next electrolytic cell.
现有的铝电解槽阴极结构为， 在阴极炭块的底部装有阴极钢棒， 块装有一根或两根阴极 ， 阴极^]棒与阴极炭 同向水;放置， 阴 极钢棒的一端伸出电解槽的侧壁与阴极母线相连接。 这种结构的电解 槽， 阴极导电结构存在一个非常大的缺点： 由于阴极钢棒与阴极炭块 同向水平放置并且电流会优先选择电阻最小的路径， 即从串联电解系 列中的当前电解槽中的液态铝液经由阴极炭块和阴极钢棒并且通过阴 极母线进入串联电解系列中的下一台电解槽， 从而导致铝液中产生非 常大的水平电流， 该水平电流与铝液中垂直磁场共同作用产生电磁力， 这种电磁力驱动液态铝液在电解槽中流动和波动， 如果电解槽中的水 平电流过大且分布不均， 将会导致铝液与电解质界面波动过大， 使电 解槽在生产中产生严重的不稳定性， 降低电流效率。 另外， 铝液中水 平电流分布沿阴极炭块的长度方向分布不均匀， 使得阴极炭块的端部 处电流密度最大， 从而显著加快此处阴极炭块的腐蚀， 降低电解槽的
寿命。 The cathode structure of the existing aluminum electrolytic cell is such that a cathode steel rod is installed at the bottom of the cathode carbon block, and one or two cathodes are arranged in the block, and the cathode and the cathode carbon are in the same direction; the one end of the cathode steel rod is placed. The side wall of the electrolysis cell is connected to the cathode bus bar. In the electrolytic cell of this structure, the cathode conductive structure has a very large disadvantage: since the cathode steel bar and the cathode carbon block are placed in the same horizontal direction and the current preferentially selects the path with the smallest resistance, that is, from the current electrolytic cell in the series electrolytic series. The liquid aluminum liquid passes through the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel rod and enters the next electrolytic cell in the series electrolysis series through the cathode bus, thereby causing a very large horizontal current in the aluminum liquid, which is common with the vertical magnetic field in the aluminum liquid. The action generates electromagnetic force, which drives the liquid aluminum liquid to flow and fluctuate in the electrolytic cell. If the horizontal current in the electrolytic cell is too large and unevenly distributed, the interface between the aluminum liquid and the electrolyte fluctuates too much, so that the electrolytic cell Produces severe instability in production and reduces current efficiency. In addition, the horizontal current distribution in the aluminum liquid is unevenly distributed along the length of the cathode carbon block, so that the current density at the end of the cathode carbon block is maximized, thereby significantly accelerating the corrosion of the cathode carbon block and reducing the electrolytic cell. Life expectancy.
为了提高电解槽的稳定性， 通常的做法是在电解槽的设计中严格 控制铝液中的垂直磁场分布， 这不仅增加了阴极母线设计的难度, 而 且导致阴极配置复杂， 母线用量大， 投资增加。 发明内容 In order to improve the stability of the electrolytic cell, it is common practice to strictly control the vertical magnetic field distribution in the aluminum liquid in the design of the electrolytic cell, which not only increases the difficulty of designing the cathode bus bar, but also leads to complicated cathode configuration, large amount of bus bar, and increased investment. . Summary of the invention
本发明为了解决上述技术问题， 提高电解槽的稳定性， 提出一种 大幅度降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方法， 其目的是降低铝液中的 水平电流， 使阴极电流密度更加均匀， 从而提高铝电解槽生产的稳定 性， 使电解槽能够在较低极距下高效平稳运行， 显著降低吨铝能耗， 同时阴极电流密度均匀， 降低阴极磨损的速率， 延长阴极寿命。 In order to solve the above technical problems and improve the stability of the electrolytic cell, the present invention proposes a method for greatly reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell, the purpose of which is to reduce the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid and make the cathode current density more uniform. Thereby, the stability of the production of the aluminum electrolytic cell is improved, the electrolytic cell can be operated efficiently and smoothly at a lower pole pitch, the energy consumption per ton of aluminum is significantly reduced, the cathode current density is uniform, the rate of cathode wear is reduced, and the life of the cathode is prolonged.
本发明的上述目的是通过以下手段实现的。 The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
根据本发明的一个方面， 提供了一种铝电解槽的阴极结构， 在阴 极炭块的底部装有至少一根阴极钢棒 , 电流经由与阴极钢棒的端部相 连的阴极母线从所述铝电解槽中导出， 其特征在于， 阴极钢棒在沿长 度方向靠近阴极炭块端部的一段沿阴极钢棒高度方向从上到下被分隔 缝分割成包括上部部分的至少两个部分， 阴极钢棒在阴极炭块中间部 分没有被分割的一段全部釆用导电体与阴极炭块连接， 靠近阴极炭块 端部的阴极钢棒被分割出的上部部分采用导电体与阴极炭块连接， 位 于所述上部部分下面的其它部分采用绝缘体与阴极炭块绝缘， 分隔缝 内采用分隔缝绝缘材料填充， 以使阴极钢棒被分隔缝分割开的各个部 分之间相互绝缘。 According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, at least one cathode steel rod is mounted at the bottom of the cathode carbon block, and current is passed from the aluminum via a cathode bus bar connected to an end of the cathode steel rod Derived in the electrolytic cell, characterized in that the cathode steel bar is divided into at least two portions including the upper portion from the top to the bottom in the height direction of the cathode steel rod along the length direction of the cathode carbon block, the cathode steel The rod is connected to the cathode carbon block in a section of the cathode carbon block which is not divided, and the upper portion of the cathode steel rod which is adjacent to the cathode carbon block is connected by an electric conductor and a cathode carbon block. The other part below the upper part is insulated by an insulator and a cathode carbon block, and the partition is filled with a partition insulating material to insulate the cathode steel bar from each other by the partition.
根据本发明的另一个方面， 阴极钢棒沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块 端部的一段被一条分隔缝分割成上半部分和下半部分， 阴极钢棒在阴 极炭块中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体与阴极炭块连接， 下半部分采用绝 体与阴极炭块绝 , . 隔缝内采 分隔缝绝缘材料 According to another aspect of the invention, the cathode steel bar is divided into an upper half and a lower half in a length direction near a portion of the cathode carbon block by a slit, and the cathode steel bar is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block. One section is connected by electric conductor and cathode carbon block, and the lower part is made of extrudate and cathode carbon block.
^ 、根据本发明的另一个方 ,：是供 '了^一种包括上述阴极结构的用以 大幅降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的铝电解槽。 According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an aluminum electrolytic cell comprising the above cathode structure for substantially reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell.
根据本发明的又一个方面， 提供了一种大幅降低铝电解槽铝液中 水平电流的方法， 所述方法包括以下步骤： 在阴极炭块下部扎固或浇
铸至少一根阴极钢棒， 将阴极钢棒的端部与阴极母线相连以将电流从 所述铝电解槽中导出， 阴极钢棒沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块端部的一 段被分隔缝分割成包括上部部分的至少两个部分， 阴极钢棒在阴极炭 块中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体与阴极炭块连接， 靠近 阴极炭块端部的阴极钢棒被分割出的上部部分采用导电体与阴极炭块 连接， 位于所述上部部分下面的其它采用绝缘体与阴极炭块绝缘， 分 隔缝内采用分隔缝绝缘材料填充， 以使阴极钢棒被分隔缝分割开的各 个部分之间相互绝缘。 According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for substantially reducing a horizontal current in an aluminum bath of an aluminum electrolytic cell, the method comprising the steps of: ligating or pouring a lower portion of a cathode carbon block Casting at least one cathode steel rod, connecting the end of the cathode steel rod to the cathode bus bar to conduct current from the aluminum electrolytic tank, and the cathode steel rod is divided along the length direction by a section near the end of the cathode carbon block Forming at least two portions of the upper portion, the portion of the cathode steel bar that is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block is electrically connected to the cathode carbon block, and the upper portion of the cathode steel rod near the end of the cathode carbon block is divided An electrical conductor is connected to the cathode carbon block, and the other insulator under the upper portion is insulated from the cathode carbon block, and the partition is filled with a partition insulating material so that the cathode steel rod is separated by the partition. Insulate each other.
所述的导电体可以是碳糊或磷铁。 The electrical conductor may be carbon paste or ferrophosphorus.
所述的阴极钢棒可以部分扎固或浇铸在阴极炭块中， 所述阴极钢 棒整体从电解槽的侧部穿出。 The cathode steel bar may be partially ligated or cast in a cathode carbon block, and the cathode steel bar is entirely passed out from the side of the electrolytic cell.
所述的阴极钢棒的截面形状可以是方形、 圆形、 半圆形、 梯形或 三角形。 The cross-sectional shape of the cathode steel bar may be square, circular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or triangular.
所述的每组阴极炭块下部可安装 1-50根阴极钢棒。 1-50 cathode steel bars can be installed in the lower part of each set of cathode carbon blocks.
所述的分隔缝可以是两条以上水平分隔缝。 朝向阴极炭块端部方向渐缩的投影纵向剖面形状。 The dividing seam may be more than two horizontal dividing seams. A projected longitudinal cross-sectional shape that tapers toward the end of the cathode carbon block.
本发明的优点和效果如下： 本发明具有^ ί艮强的实用性， 在不改变 阴极出电方式即侧面出电的条件下， 大幅度降低了铝液中的水平电流， 阴极电流分布更加均勾， 提高了电解槽的稳定性， 延长了槽寿命， 电 解槽可以在低极距条件下高效平稳运行， 有效地减少了吨铝能耗， 具 有显著的节能效果。 附图说明 The advantages and effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention has a strong practicability, and the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid is greatly reduced without changing the cathode power-off mode, that is, the side-out power, and the cathode current distribution is more uniform. Hook, improve the stability of the electrolyzer, prolong the life of the trough, the electrolyzer can run efficiently and smoothly under the condition of low pole distance, effectively reduce the energy consumption per ton of aluminum, and have significant energy saving effect. DRAWINGS
图 1是根据本发明的第一实施例的阴极结构的示意图。 1 is a schematic view of a cathode structure in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
图 2 是根据本发明的第一实施例的阴极炭块与阴极钢棒组合阴极 结构的示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a cathode structure of a cathode carbon block and a cathode steel rod according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
图 3是图 2中所示的阴极炭块与阴极钢棒组合阴极结构的俯视图。 图 4是图 3中的 Α-Α剖视图。 Figure 3 is a top plan view of the cathode structure of the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel rod shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Α-Α in Figure 3.
图 5 是根据本发明的第二实施例的阴极炭块与阴极钢棒组合阴极 结构的示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a cathode structure of a cathode carbon block and a cathode steel rod according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
图 6 是根据本发明的第三实施例的阴极炭块与阴极钢棒组合阴极
结构的示意图。 Figure 6 is a cathode cathode block and a cathode steel rod combined cathode according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the structure.
在以上各附图中， 1、 阴极炭块； 2、 阴极钢棒； 3、 分隔缝； 4、 分隔缝绝缘材料； 5、 绝缘体； 6、 导电体。 具体实施方式 In the above figures, 1, cathode carbon block; 2, cathode steel rod; 3, separation joint; 4, partition insulation material; 5, insulator; 6, electrical conductor. detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明， 但本发明的保护范围不受 实施例所限。 The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited by the embodiments.
本申请中所使用的方向性用语例如 "上" 、 "下" 是相对于与电 解槽中铝液的距离远近而言的。 例如阴极炭块上部比阴极炭块下部距 离电解槽中铝液更近； 阴极钢棒上 （半） 部比阴极钢棒下 （半） 部距 离电解槽中铝液更近， 或者说阴极钢棒上 （半） 部相对于阴极钢棒下 (半） 部而言被布置在沿阴极钢棒高度方向更接近电解槽中铝液的位 置处。 The directional terms used in the present application such as "upper" and "lower" are relative to the distance from the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic bath. For example, the upper portion of the cathode carbon block is closer to the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell than the lower portion of the cathode carbon block; the (half) portion of the cathode steel rod is closer to the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell than the lower (half) portion of the cathode steel rod, or the cathode steel rod The upper (half) portion is disposed closer to the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell along the height of the cathode steel bar relative to the lower (half) portion of the cathode steel bar.
本申请中所使用的术语 "阴极钢棒的纵向剖面" 是指沿阴极钢棒 长度方向通过其中心线截取得到的剖面。 The term "longitudinal section of a cathode steel rod" as used in the present application means a section taken along the length of the cathode steel rod through its center line.
图 1 示意性地示出了根据本发明的第一实施例的阴极结构。 根据 本发明的第一实施例的阴极结构包括阴极炭块 1和阴极钢棒 2。如图中 所示， 两根阴极钢棒 2彼此对称地部分扎固或浇铸在阴极炭块 1 下部 中， 阴极钢棒 2 整体从电解槽的侧部穿出。 当然， 所属领域的技术人 员应该理解： 在阴极炭块 1 下部扎固或浇铸仅一根阴极钢棒 2或者更 多根阴极钢棒 2也可以实现本发明的目的。 阴极钢棒 2 沿长度方向在 靠近阴极炭块 1 端部的一段被分隔缝 3分割成上半部分和下半部分。 所属领域的技术人员应该理解： 当在阴极炭块下部扎固或浇铸仅一根 阴极钢棒时， 优选在阴极钢棒 2沿长度方向在分别靠近阴极炭块 1 两 个端部的一段各自设置分隔缝 3。 如图 2 - 4中所示， 阴极钢棒 2在阴 极炭块 1 中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体 6 与阴极炭块 1 连接， 靠近阴极炭块 1端部的阴极钢棒 2上半部分采用导电体 6与阴 极炭块 1 连接， 下半部分采用绝缘体 5与阴极炭块 1 绝缘， 分隔缝 3 内采用分隔缝绝缘材料 4填充， 使上下两部分阴极钢棒 2绝缘。 导电 体 6为碳糊或磷铁。 图 2 中左半部分示出了由带有分隔缝的阴极钢棒 和阴极炭块组合而成的阴极结构的投影纵向剖面。 所属领域的技术人 员应该理解： 阴极钢棒 2 的截面形状是方形、 圆形、 半圆形、 梯形或
三角形， 每组阴极炭块 1下部安装 1-50根阴极钢棒。 Fig. 1 schematically shows a cathode structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The cathode structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a cathode carbon block 1 and a cathode steel rod 2. As shown in the figure, the two cathode steel rods 2 are partially symmetrical or cast symmetrically with each other in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1, and the cathode steel rod 2 as a whole is passed out from the side of the electrolytic cell. Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the object of the present invention can also be achieved by tying or casting only one cathode steel bar 2 or more cathode steel bars 2 in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1. The section of the cathode steel bar 2 which is adjacent to the end of the cathode carbon block 1 in the longitudinal direction is divided into an upper half and a lower half by a slit 3. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that when only one cathode steel rod is lapped or cast in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block, it is preferable to set the cathode steel rod 2 in the length direction at a portion close to both ends of the cathode carbon block 1, respectively. Separate the seam 3. As shown in Fig. 2 - 4, the portion of the cathode steel rod 2 which is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block 1 is entirely connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the electric conductor 6, and is adjacent to the cathode steel rod 2 at the end of the cathode carbon block 1. The half portion is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the conductor 6, and the lower portion is insulated from the cathode carbon block 1 by the insulator 5. The partition 3 is filled with the partition insulating material 4 to insulate the upper and lower portions of the cathode steel rod 2. The conductor 6 is a carbon paste or a ferrophosphorus. The left half of Fig. 2 shows a projected longitudinal section of a cathode structure composed of a combination of a cathode steel bar and a cathode carbon block with a slit. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the cross-sectional shape of the cathode steel rod 2 is square, circular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or Triangle, 1-50 cathode steel rods are installed in the lower part of each cathode carbon block 1.
如图 3 中所示， 根据本发明的第一实施例的阴极结构中的水平分 隔缝 3被设置在阴极钢棒 2的大致二分之一高度的位置处， 从而将阴 极钢棒 2 沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块 1 端部的一段分割成上半部分和 下半部分。 这样在阴极结构的电流传导过程中， 一部分电流会经由下 半部分而被分流导出。 As shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal dividing slit 3 in the cathode structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is disposed at a position substantially half the height of the cathode steel rod 2, thereby bringing the cathode steel rod 2 along the length. The direction is divided into an upper half and a lower half at a section near the end of the cathode carbon block 1. Thus, during the current conduction of the cathode structure, a part of the current is shunted out through the lower half.
当然， 所属领域的技术人员应该理解： 所述分隔缝 3 优选被设置 在所述阴极钢棒 2的二分之一高度以上靠近顶部阴极炭块 1的位置处。 分隔缝 3也可以优选被设置成使得阴极钢棒 2上半部分朝向顶部阴极 炭块 1 端部方向渐缩的其它形状。 以上优选方式可以使得在阴极结构 的电流传导过程中， 更多的电流会经由下半部分而被分流导出， 从而 更好地达到本发明减小表面电流的目的。 Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the dividing seam 3 is preferably disposed at a position above the one-half height of the cathode steel rod 2 near the top cathode carbon block 1. The partition 3 may also preferably be provided in such a shape that the upper half of the cathode steel rod 2 is tapered toward the end of the top cathode carbon block 1. The above preferred mode can enable more current to be shunted out through the lower half during current conduction of the cathode structure, thereby better achieving the purpose of reducing surface current of the present invention.
由此可见， 本发明还披露了一种能够大幅降低铝电解槽铝液中水 平电流的方法， 所述方法包括以下步骤： 在阴极炭块 1 下部扎固或浇 铸至少一根阴极钢棒 2 , 阴极钢棒 2沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块 1端部 的一段被分隔缝 3分割成上半部分和下半部分， 阴极钢棒 2在阴极炭 块 1中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体 6与阴极炭块 1连接， 靠近阴极炭块 1端部的阴极钢棒 2上半部分采用导电体 6与阴极炭块 1 连接， 下半部分采用绝缘体 5与阴极炭块 1 绝缘， 分隔缝 3 内采用分 隔缝绝缘材料 4填充， 使上下两部分阴极钢棒 2绝缘， 将阴极钢棒的 一个端部与阴极母线相连接。 Thus, the present invention also discloses a method capable of greatly reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell, the method comprising the steps of: securing or casting at least one cathode steel rod 2 in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1 The cathode steel bar 2 is divided into an upper half and a lower half in a length direction at a portion close to the end of the cathode carbon block 1, and the cathode steel bar 2 is electrically conductive in a section which is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block 1. The body 6 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1, and the upper half of the cathode steel rod 2 near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the electric conductor 6, and the lower half is insulated from the cathode carbon block 1 by the insulator 5, and the partition is separated. 3 is filled with a partition insulating material 4 to insulate the upper and lower portions of the cathode steel rod 2, and one end of the cathode steel rod is connected to the cathode bus.
图 5示意性地示出了根据本发明的笫二实施例的阴极结构。如图 5 所示， 两根阴极钢棒 2彼此对称地全部扎固或浇铸在阴极炭块 1 下部 中， 阴极钢棒 2 的一个端部与阴极母线相连接。 阴极钢棒 2沿长度方 向在靠近阴极炭块 1 端部的一段被折线型分隔缝 3分割成上半部分和 下半部分。 所属领域的技术人员应该理解： 所述分隔缝 3 也可以呈使 得阴极钢棒 2上半部分朝向顶部阴极炭块 1端部方向渐缩的其它形状， 例如斜线形分隔缝、 弧线形分隔缝等。 与如图 2 所示的第一实施例中 的描述相类似， 根据本发明的第二实施例的阴极结构中的阴极钢棒 2 在阴极炭块 1 中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体 6与阴极炭 块 1 连接， 靠近阴极炭块 1 端部的阴极钢棒 2上半部分采用导电体 6 与阴极炭块 1连接， 下半部分采用绝缘体 5与阴极炭块 1绝缘， 分隔
P T/CN2011/001572 缝 3 内采用分隔缝绝缘材料 4填充， 使上下两部分阴极钢棒 2绝缘。 这样一种分隔缝的布置使得阴极钢棒 2通过导电体 6与阴极炭块 1相 连接的部分具有朝向阴极炭块 1 端部方向渐缩的投影纵向剖面形状， 如图 5中所示。 Fig. 5 schematically shows a cathode structure of a second embodiment according to the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5, the two cathode steel rods 2 are all symmetrical or symmetrical to each other in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1, and one end of the cathode steel rod 2 is connected to the cathode bus bar. The cathode steel bar 2 is divided into an upper half and a lower half in a length direction at a section close to the end of the cathode carbon block 1 by a polygonal line dividing slit 3. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the dividing seam 3 may also be in other shapes such that the upper half of the cathode steel rod 2 is tapered toward the end of the top cathode carbon block 1, such as a diagonal dividing seam, an arc-shaped dividing seam. Wait. Similar to the description in the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, the cathode steel bar 2 in the cathode structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is entirely electrically conductive in a section in which the intermediate portion of the cathode carbon block 1 is not divided. 6 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1, and the upper half of the cathode steel rod 2 near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the electric conductor 6, and the lower half is insulated from the cathode carbon block 1 by the insulator 5, PT/CN2011/001572 is filled with a gap insulation material 4 in the seam 3 to insulate the upper and lower parts of the cathode steel rod 2. Such a partition is arranged such that the portion of the cathode steel bar 2 connected to the cathode carbon block 1 through the electric conductor 6 has a projected longitudinal cross-sectional shape which is tapered toward the end of the cathode carbon block 1, as shown in FIG.
图 6示意性地示出了根据本发明的第三实施例的阴极结构。如图 6 所示， 图 6 中左半部分示出了由带有分隔缝的阴极钢棒和阴极炭块组 合而成的阴极结构的投影纵向剖面。 两根阴极钢棒 2 彼此对称地全部 扎固或浇铸在阴极炭块 1 下部中， 阴极钢棒 2的一个端部与阴极母线 相连接。 阴极钢棒 2 沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块 1 端部的一段被两条 水平分隔缝 3 分割成上部部分 （第一部分） 、 中部部分 （第二部分） 和下部部分 （第三部分） 。 位于下面的分隔缝比位于上面的分隔缝更 长。' 与如图 2 所示的第一实施例中的描述相类似， 根据本发明的第三 实施例的阴极结构中的阴极钢棒 2在阴极炭块 1 中间部分没有被分割 的一段全部采用导电体 6与阴极炭块 1 连接， 靠近阴极炭块 1端部的 阴极钢棒 2上部部分采用导电体 6与阴极炭块 1连接， 上下两条分隔 缝之间的中部部分、 下部部分采用绝缘体 5与阴极炭块 1 绝缘， 分隔 缝 3 内采用分隔缝绝缘材料 4填充， 使上、 中、 下三部分阴极钢棒 2 彼此间绝缘。 这样一种分隔缝的布置使得阴极钢棒 2通过导电体 6与 阴极炭块 1相连接的部分具有朝向阴极炭块 1 端部方向渐缩的阶梯形 投影纵向剖面形状， 如图 6 中所示。 当然， 所属领域的技术人员也会 想到将阴极钢棒 2 沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块 1 端部的一段从上到下 被更多条分隔缝 3 分割成更多个部分， 其中位于下面的分隔缝比位于 上面的分隔缝更长， 由此使得阴极钢棒 2通过导电体 6与阴极炭块 1 相连接的部分具有朝向阴极炭块 1 端部方向渐缩的阶梯形投影纵向剖 面形状。 Fig. 6 schematically shows a cathode structure in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, the left half of Fig. 6 shows a projected longitudinal section of a cathode structure composed of a combination of a cathode steel bar and a cathode carbon block with a slit. The two cathode steel rods 2 are all symmetrical or cast symmetrically with each other in the lower portion of the cathode carbon block 1, and one end of the cathode steel rod 2 is connected to the cathode bus bar. The section of the cathode steel bar 2 along the length direction near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is divided into an upper portion (first portion), a middle portion (second portion) and a lower portion (third portion) by two horizontal slits 3. The seam below it is longer than the seam above it. Similarly to the description in the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, the cathode steel bar 2 in the cathode structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention is electrically conductive in the section in which the intermediate portion of the cathode carbon block 1 is not divided. The body 6 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1, and the upper portion of the cathode steel rod 2 near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 by the electric conductor 6, and the middle portion and the lower portion between the upper and lower partitions are made of insulator 5. It is insulated from the cathode carbon block 1, and the partition 3 is filled with a partition insulating material 4 to insulate the upper, middle and lower portions of the cathode steel rods 2 from each other. Such a partition is arranged such that the portion of the cathode steel bar 2 that is connected to the cathode carbon block 1 through the conductor 6 has a stepped projection longitudinal cross-sectional shape that tapers toward the end of the cathode carbon block 1, as shown in FIG. . Of course, those skilled in the art will also think that the section of the cathode steel bar 2 along the length direction near the end of the cathode carbon block 1 is divided into more parts from top to bottom by more slits 3, wherein the lower part is located below. The dividing slit is longer than the dividing slit located above, whereby the portion of the cathode steel bar 2 connected to the cathode carbon block 1 through the electric conductor 6 has a stepped projection longitudinal sectional shape which is tapered toward the end of the cathode carbon block 1.
本发明在不改变阴极出电方式的条件下， 通过改变阴极钢棒的结 构、 阴极钢棒与阴极炭块的连接方式等， 调节阴极炭块及阴极钢棒的 组合电阻， 即调节铝液和阴极炭块相接触的第一等电位面与同阴极母 线相连接的阴极钢棒端部的第二等电位面之间的电阻值， 显著降低了 铝液中的水平电流， 使得阴极电流分布更加均勾， 提高了电解槽的稳 定性， 使电解槽能够在低极距条件下高效稳定生产， 有效地减少了吨 铝能耗， 节能效果明显。 达到降低铝液中水平电流的目的。
本文中仅对能够大幅度降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方法、 阴 极结构以及一种包括所述阴极结构的铝电解槽进行了描述， 本专利的 具体实施方式中也只针对附图， 对本方法、 阴极结构以及包括所述阴 极结构的铝电解槽的实现措施进行了示例性描述， 但本专利保护范围 是由下面的权利要求书来限定的， 而不受本专利中实施例所限。
The invention adjusts the combined resistance of the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel rod by changing the structure of the cathode steel rod, the connection manner of the cathode steel rod and the cathode carbon block, without changing the cathode power-off mode, that is, adjusting the aluminum liquid and The resistance between the first equipotential surface in contact with the cathode carbon block and the second equipotential surface at the end of the cathode steel rod connected to the cathode bus bar significantly reduces the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid, resulting in a more cathode current distribution. The hooks are used to improve the stability of the electrolyzer, so that the electrolyzer can be efficiently and stably produced under low pole distance conditions, effectively reducing the energy consumption per ton of aluminum, and the energy saving effect is obvious. Achieve the purpose of reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid. Herein, only the method capable of greatly reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell, the cathode structure, and an aluminum electrolytic cell including the cathode structure are described. The specific embodiment of the present patent is also only for the drawing. The method, the cathode structure, and the implementation of the aluminum electrolytic cell including the cathode structure are exemplarily described, but the scope of the patent is defined by the following claims, and is not limited by the examples in the patent. .
Claims
1. 一种铝电解槽的阴极结构， 在阴极炭块（ 1 )的底部装有至少一 根阴极钢棒 （2) ， 电流经由与阴极钢棒 （2) 的端部相连的阴极母线 从所述铝电解槽中导出， 其特征在于， 阴极钢棒 （2)在沿长度方向靠 近阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 端部的一段沿阴极钢棒 （2) 高度方向从上到下被分 隔缝分割成包括上部部分的至少两个部分， 阴极钢棒（2)在阴极炭块 ( 1 )中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体（6)与阴极炭块（ 1 ) 连接， 靠近阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 端部的阴极钢棒 （2) 被分割出的上部部分 采用导电体 （6) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 连接， 位于所述上部部分下面的其 它部分采用绝缘体 （5) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 绝缘， 分隔缝内采用分隔缝 绝缘材料 （4) 填充， 以使阴极钢棒 （2) 被分隔缝分割开的各个部分 之间相互绝缘。 A cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, at least one cathode steel rod (2) is installed at the bottom of the cathode carbon block (1), and current is passed through a cathode bus bar connected to the end of the cathode steel rod (2). Derived in the aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that the cathode steel rod (2) is divided into a portion along the length direction near the end of the cathode carbon block (1) by a partition along the height direction of the cathode steel rod (2) from top to bottom. Including at least two portions of the upper portion, the portion of the cathode steel rod (2) that is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block (1) is entirely connected by an electrical conductor (6) to the cathode carbon block (1), adjacent to the cathode carbon block ( 1) The upper portion of the cathode steel rod (2) is connected to the cathode carbon block (1) by a conductor (6), and the insulator (5) and cathode carbon block are used for other parts below the upper portion. (1) Insulation, the partition is filled with a partition insulation (4) to insulate the cathode steel rod (2) from each other by the partition.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的阴极结构， 其特征在于， 阴极钢棒 （2) 沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块（ 1 )端部的一段被一条分隔缝分割成上半 部分和下半部分， 阴极钢棒 （2) 在阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 中间部分没有被分 割的一段全部采用导电体 （6) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 连接， 靠近阴极炭块 ( 1 ) 端部的阴极钢棒（2) 上半部分采用导电体 （6) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 连接， 下半部分采用绝缘体 （5) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 绝缘， 分隔缝内采 用分隔缝绝缘材料 （4) 填充， 以使阴极钢棒 （2) 的上半部分与下半 部分相互绝缘。 2. The cathode structure according to claim 1, wherein the cathode steel rod (2) is divided into an upper half and a lower half by a slit at a length near the end of the cathode carbon block (1) in the longitudinal direction. , the cathode steel rod (2) is not connected in the middle part of the cathode carbon block ( 1 ), and all the conductors (6) are connected with the cathode carbon block ( 1 ), and the cathode steel rod near the end of the cathode carbon block ( 1 ) (2) The upper part is connected to the cathode carbon block (1) by the conductor (6), the lower part is insulated by the insulator (5) and the cathode carbon block (1), and the partition is filled with the partition insulation (4). So that the upper and lower halves of the cathode steel rod (2) are insulated from each other.
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的阴极结构，其特征在于所述的导电体（6) 为碳糊或磷铁。 3. Cathode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical conductor (6) is a carbon paste or a ferrophosphorus.
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的阴极结构， 其特征在于所述的阴极钢棒 (2) 部分扎固或浇铸在阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 中， 所述阴极钢棒 （2) 整体从 电解槽的侧部穿出。 4. The cathode structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the cathode steel rod (2) is partially sturdy or cast in a cathode carbon block (1), and the cathode steel rod (2) is entirely from the electrolytic tank The side is worn out.
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的阴极结构， 其特征在于所述的阴极钢棒 (2) 的截面形状是方形、 圆形、 半圆形、 梯形或三角形。 5. Cathode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the cathode steel rod (2) is square, circular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or triangular.
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的阴极结构， 其特征在于所述的每组阴极 炭块下部安装 1-50根阴极钢棒。 6. The cathode structure according to claim 1, wherein 1 to 50 cathode steel rods are installed in the lower portion of each of the cathode carbon blocks.
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的阴极结构， 其特征在于所述分隔缝是两 条以上水平分隔缝。 7. The cathode structure according to claim 1, wherein the separation slit is two or more horizontal separation slits.
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的阴极结构，其特征在于所迷阴极钢棒（2) 通过导电体（6)与阴极炭块（ 1)相连接的部分具有朝向阴极炭块（ 1): 端部方向渐缩的投影纵向剖面形状。 The cathode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the portion of the cathode steel rod (2) connected to the cathode carbon block (1) through the conductor (6) has a cathode carbon block (1): The projected longitudinal section shape of the tapered direction.
9. 一种包括如权利要求 1-8 中任一项所述的阴极结构的用以降低 铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的铝电解槽。 An aluminum electrolytic cell comprising a cathode structure according to any one of claims 1-8 for reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell.
10.——种降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方法， 其特征在于， 所述 方法包括以下步骤： 在阴极炭块 （ 1) 下部扎固或浇铸至少一根阴极钢 棒 （2) , 将阴极钢棒 （2) 的端部与阴极母线相连以将电流从所述铝 电解槽中导出， 阴极钢棒 （2) 沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 端部 的一段被分隔缝（3)分割成包括上部部分的至少两个部分， 阴极钢棒 (2)在阴极炭块（ 1 )中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体（6) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 连接， 靠近阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 端部的阴极钢棒 （2)被分 割出的上部部分采用导电体 （6) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 连接， 位于所述上 部部分下面的其它采用绝缘体（5)与阴极炭块（ 1 )绝缘， 分隔缝（3) 内采用分隔缝绝缘材料 （4) 填充， 以使阴极钢棒 （2) 被分隔缝分割 开的各个部分之间相互绝缘。 10. A method for reducing horizontal current in an aluminum bath of an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: securing or casting at least one cathode steel rod (2) in a lower portion of the cathode carbon block (1), The end of the cathode steel rod (2) is connected to the cathode bus bar to conduct current from the aluminum electrolytic bath, and the cathode steel rod (2) is separated along the length direction at a section close to the end of the cathode carbon block (1). (3) dividing into at least two portions including the upper portion, and the portion of the cathode steel bar (2) that is not divided in the middle portion of the cathode carbon block (1) is entirely connected to the cathode carbon block (1) by using the electrical conductor (6). The upper portion of the cathode steel rod (2) near the end of the cathode carbon block (1) is connected to the cathode carbon block (1) by a conductor (6), and the other insulator (5) located below the upper portion. Insulated with the cathode carbon block (1), the partition seam (3) is filled with a partition insulation material (4) to insulate the cathode steel rod (2) from each other by the partition.
11. 根据权利要求 10 所述的降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方 法， 其特征在于阴极钢棒 （.2) 沿长度方向在靠近阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 端部 的一段被一条分隔缝 （3)分割成上半部分和下半部分， 阴极钢棒 （2) 在阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 中间部分没有被分割的一段全部采用导电体 （6) 与 阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 连接， 靠近阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 端部的阴极钢棒 （2) 上半部 分采用导电体 （6) 与阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 连接， 下半部分采用绝缘体 （5) 与阴极炭块（ 1 )绝缘， 分隔缝（3) 内采用分隔缝绝缘材料（4)填充， 以使阴极钢棒 （2) 的上半部分与下半部分相互绝缘。 11. A method of reducing horizontal current in an aluminum bath of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 10, wherein the cathode steel rod (.2) is separated by a slit along a length direction near a portion of the cathode carbon block (1). (3) divided into the upper part and the lower part, the cathode steel rod (2) is not connected to the middle part of the cathode carbon block (1), and all the conductors (6) are connected with the cathode carbon block (1), close to The upper part of the cathode steel rod (2) at the end of the cathode carbon block (1) is connected to the cathode carbon block (1) by a conductor (6), and the cathode (5) is insulated from the cathode carbon block (1) by an insulator (5). The partitioning seam (3) is filled with a partition insulating material (4) to insulate the upper half and the lower half of the cathode steel rod (2).
12. 根据权利要求 10 所述的降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方 法， 其特征在于所述的导电体 （6) 为碳糊或磷铁。 12. A method of reducing horizontal current in an aluminum bath of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 10, characterized in that said electrical conductor (6) is carbon paste or ferrophosphorus.
13. 根据权利要求 11 所述的降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方 法， 其特征在于所述的阴极钢棒 （2)部分扎固或浇铸在阴极炭块 （ 1 ) 中， 所述阴极钢棒 （2) 整体从电解槽的侧部穿出。 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the cathode steel rod (2) is partially solidified or cast in a cathode carbon block (1), the cathode The steel rod (2) is entirely passed out from the side of the electrolytic cell.
14. 根据权利要求 10 所述的降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方 法， 其特征在于所述的阴极钢棒（2) 的截面形状是方形、 圆形、 半圆 形、 梯形或三角形。 14. The method of reducing horizontal current in an aluminum bath of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 10, wherein the cathode steel rod (2) has a square shape, a circular shape, a semicircular shape, a trapezoidal shape or a triangular shape.
15. 根据权利要求 10 所述的降低铝电解槽铝液中水平电流的方 法， 其特征在于所述的每组阴极炭块下部安装 1 -50根阴极钢棒。 15. The method of reducing horizontal current in an aluminum electrolytic bath of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 10, wherein 1 to 50 cathode steel rods are installed in the lower portion of each of the cathode carbon blocks.
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| CA2792415A CA2792415C (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2011-09-16 | Cathode structure, aluminum electrolysis cell, and method for lowering horizontal current in aluminum liquid |
| NO20130672A NO20130672A1 (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2013-05-14 | Cathode structure, aluminum electrolysis cell and method for reducing horizontal electric current in liquid aluminum |
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| CN109763145A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-17 | 合肥工业大学 | The cathode construction of horizontal current in a kind of reduction aluminium cell |
| CN111809202B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-11-23 | 合肥工业大学 | Cathode steel bar structure for reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell |
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| US11840487B2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2023-12-12 | Ambri, Inc. | Ceramic materials and seals for high temperature reactive material devices |
| US9893385B1 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2018-02-13 | Ambri Inc. | Battery management systems for energy storage devices |
| US11929466B2 (en) | 2016-09-07 | 2024-03-12 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US11411254B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2022-08-09 | Ambri Inc. | Molten salt battery with solid metal cathode |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20130672A1 (en) | 2013-05-14 |
| CA2792415A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
| MY182380A (en) | 2021-01-21 |
| CN102453927B (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| CN102453927A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
| CA2792415C (en) | 2013-11-26 |
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