WO2012022189A1 - 一种物理随机接入信道的接入方法和*** - Google Patents
一种物理随机接入信道的接入方法和*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012022189A1 WO2012022189A1 PCT/CN2011/075619 CN2011075619W WO2012022189A1 WO 2012022189 A1 WO2012022189 A1 WO 2012022189A1 CN 2011075619 W CN2011075619 W CN 2011075619W WO 2012022189 A1 WO2012022189 A1 WO 2012022189A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/008—Transmission of channel access control information with additional processing of random access related information at receiving side
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a random access technology in wireless communication, and in particular, to a method and system for accessing a physical random access channel (PRACH).
- PRACH physical random access channel
- the quality of service services affects service performance and determines the satisfaction of users.
- An important aspect of improving the quality of service is the time delay and success rate when establishing connections and channel assignments.
- M2M Machine-Type Communication
- the M2M service will cover all areas of life, work and production.
- the number of terminals of M2M will be greatly exceeded compared with the existing H2H communication terminals. This puts new pressure on the existing wireless access network.
- the most likely bottleneck is that existing wireless access capabilities are likely to fail to meet the requirements of a large number of M2M terminal accesses.
- the behavior characteristics of the M2M terminal and the H2H terminal to initiate a call are very different, and the H2H terminal
- the call arrival is usually less dense, and the call arrival density of the M2M terminal is usually larger.
- the number of smart meters included in a coverage area of a base station cell can reach tens of thousands.
- the meter data reporting time is reached, tens of thousands of meters will be short.
- the wireless access is initiated together. This will cause the access capability of the wireless access network to reach the upper limit during this period of time, which seriously affects the access of the ordinary H2H terminal users.
- the user experience phenomenon is H2H.
- the call cannot be successful, or it takes a long time to make the call successful, which will seriously affect the user's perception of the H2H terminal.
- the QoS (Quality of Serivce) requirements are different from those of H2H devices.
- the delay of longer wireless access is acceptable.
- M2M mobile phone
- fire alarms which may be more stringent than H2H terminals.
- M2M terminal or service it is obviously required and QoS requirements are lower.
- Terminal or business is treated differently.
- different terminals or different services have different access priorities for different access delay requirements.
- M2M also introduces the concept of terminal group (Group).
- Group For terminals of the same type or terminals in the same area, managing them in groups can greatly reduce the overhead of air interface, for example, performing group-by-group paging. The normal paging by a single terminal can greatly reduce the paging signaling overhead.
- the cells defined by the existing protocol for characterizing the PRACH are: a scrambling code number and a signature (Signature). Different scrambling codes can be used to distinguish different PRACHs. Different signatures can also be used to distinguish different PRACHs when the same scrambling code is used.
- Current UMTS system when the M2M terminal accesses a large amount, the scrambling resource And the signature resource is occupied in a large amount; if there is an H2H terminal access, there is a high probability that an access conflict will occur, causing the H2H terminal to continuously re-initiate the access, thereby generating a large access delay and even access. failure. Summary of the invention
- the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a PRACH access method and system, which avoids the impact of dense access of the M2M terminal on the access of the H2H terminal, and ensures that the wireless access of the H2H terminal satisfies the QoS requirement.
- the invention provides a PRACH access method, and the method includes:
- the access network element sets PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category, and sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal;
- the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH to initiate random access in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category.
- the access network element sets the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category: the access network element is classified according to at least one terminal feature category, and one or more PRACHs are respectively configured for each category, and the The terminal feature category and the corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information.
- the classification is performed according to at least one terminal feature category: at least one of the following: classifying according to the terminal type, classifying according to the call service type, classifying according to the terminal, and classifying according to the access priority.
- the transmitting the PRACH classification information to the terminal is: adding the PRACH classification information to the system information for broadcast; or transmitting the PRACH classification information to the terminal by paging.
- the adding the PRACH classification information to the system information is: adding the PRACH classification information to existing system information; or defining new system information, where The PRACH classification information is placed in the new system information.
- the method further includes: the access network element configures a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH.
- the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH to initiate random access in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category: when the terminal needs to initiate random access, according to the terminal agreed to use with the access network element
- the scrambling code and signature construct prefix initiate random access.
- the invention provides a PRACH access system, where the system includes: an access network element and a terminal;
- An access network element configured to set PRACH classification information according to a terminal feature category, and send the PRACH classification information to the terminal;
- the terminal is configured to select a corresponding PRACH to initiate random access in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category.
- the access network element includes: a setting unit, a sending unit, where the setting unit is configured to set PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category, and notify the sending unit;
- a sending unit configured to send the PRACH classification information to the terminal.
- the setting unit sets the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category to: the setting unit classifies according to at least one terminal feature category, and respectively configures one or more PRACHs for each category, and sets the terminal feature category. And the corresponding PRACH information is used as the PRACH classification information.
- the setting unit is further configured to configure a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH.
- the sending unit sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal: the sending unit adds the PRACH classification information to the system information for broadcast; or the sending unit sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal by paging terminal.
- the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH to initiate random access in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category: when the terminal needs to initiate random access, according to the terminal agreed to use with the access network element a feature category, the categorization of the categorization of the terminal feature class in the PRACH classification information, the locating of the PRACH according to the categorization, and the configuration information of the PRACH is read from the system message, according to the configuration information of the PRACH.
- the scrambling code and signature construct prefix in the initiation of random access.
- the access network element sets the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category, and sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal; the terminal is in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category. Selecting the corresponding PRACH to initiate random access; in this way, the terminal can access the PRACH according to its own terminal feature category, avoiding the impact of the dense access of the M2M terminal on the access of the H2H terminal, and ensuring that the wireless access of the H2H terminal satisfies the QoS requirement.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a PRACH access method according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an access system for implementing a PRACH according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for implementing a PRACH access method by using a UMTS system as an example. detailed description
- the basic idea of the present invention is that the access network element sets the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category, and sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal; the terminal selects the corresponding PRACH in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category. Initiate random access.
- the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
- the present invention implements a PRACH access method. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:
- Step 101 The access network element sets the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category. Specifically, the access network element is classified according to at least one terminal feature category, and one or more PRACHs are respectively configured for each category, and the PRACH is configured. Dedicated to the classification, the terminal feature category and the corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information;
- the access network element is generally a station, or a NodeB
- the terminal feature category includes: a terminal type, a call service type, a terminal group (Group), an access priority, and the like;
- the terminal type is, for example, an M2M terminal, or an H2H terminal, or a terminal of a type other than an M2M terminal and an H2H terminal;
- the type of call service such as a normal call, or an emergency call, or a new type of call service belonging to the M2M;
- the terminal grouping refers to a terminal group to which the terminal that initiates random access belongs
- the access priority refers to the access priority of the terminal or the calling service that initiates the random access
- the step further includes: the access network element configures a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH, and the scrambling code corresponding to each PRACH may be the same or different; if the scrambling codes corresponding to the two PRACHs are the same, The isolation of the random access of the two PRACHs is weak; if the four codes corresponding to the two PRACHs are different, the isolation of the two PRACHs is strong, and the random access initiated by the two scrambling codes is used. It will not conflict with each other.
- Step 102 The access network element sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal.
- the access network element adds the PRACH classification information to the system information for broadcast, and the terminal obtains the PRACH classification information by reading system information. Further, the PRACH classification information may be added to existing system information; or new system information may be defined, and the PRACH classification information may be placed in the new system information; or, the access network element will be The PRACH classification information is sent to the terminal by paging. Further, the access network element may send the PRACH classification information to the packet terminal by using Group Paging, which may reduce signaling overhead.
- Step 103 The terminal selects a corresponding PRACH to initiate random access in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category.
- the terminal searches for the classification of the terminal feature category of the terminal in the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category that is used by the network element of the access network, and searches for the corresponding category according to the classification.
- the PRACH the terminal reads the configuration information of the PRACH from the system message, and initiates random access according to the scrambling code and the signature construct prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH;
- the terminal feature category in the PRACH classification information corresponds to multiple PRACHs
- one of the available PRACHs can be arbitrarily selected.
- the present invention further provides a PRACH access system.
- the system includes: an access network element 21, and a terminal 22;
- the access network element 21 is configured to set PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category, and send the PRACH classification information to the terminal 22;
- the access network element 21 includes: a setting unit 211, a sending unit 212, wherein the setting unit 211 is configured to set PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category, and notify the sending unit 212;
- the sending unit 212 is configured to send the PRACH classification information to the terminal 22;
- the access network element 21 is generally a station
- the terminal feature categories include: a terminal type, a call service type, a terminal grouping, an access priority, and the like;
- the terminal type is, for example, an M2M terminal, or an H2H terminal, or a terminal of a type other than an M2M terminal and an H2H terminal;
- the type of call service such as a normal call, or an emergency call, or a new type of call service belonging to the M2M;
- the terminal grouping refers to a terminal group to which the terminal that initiates random access belongs
- the access priority refers to the access priority of the terminal or the calling service that initiates the random access
- the setting unit 211 sets the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category. Specifically, the setting unit 211 performs classification according to at least one terminal feature category, and configures one or more PRACHs for each category, and the PRACH is the classification. Dedicated, the terminal feature category and the corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information;
- the setting unit 211 is further configured to configure a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH, and the scrambling codes corresponding to each PRACH may be the same or different.
- the sending unit 212 sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal 22. Specifically, the sending unit 212 adds the PRACH classification information to the system information for broadcast, and the terminal 22 obtains the PRACH classification information by reading system information.
- the PRACH classification information may be added to existing system information; or new system information may be defined, and the PRACH classification information may be placed in the new system information; or, the sending unit 212 may use the PRACH
- the classification information is sent to the terminal 22 by paging; further, the sending unit 212 can send the PRACH classification information to the packet terminal 22 by packet paging, which can reduce signaling overhead.
- the terminal 22 is configured to select, according to its own terminal feature category, a corresponding PRACH to initiate random access in the PRACH classification information;
- the terminal 22 searches for the terminal feature category of the terminal in the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category that is used by the access network element 21.
- the associated category, the corresponding PRACH is found according to the classification, and the terminal 22 reads the configuration information of the PRACH from the system message, and initiates random access according to the scrambling code and the signature construction prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH.
- the UMTS system is taken as an example to implement the PRACH access method. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps:
- Step 301 The NodeB sets the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category.
- the NodeB is classified according to at least one type of terminal feature, and one or more PRACHs are respectively configured for each category, and the PRACH is dedicated to the category, and the terminal feature category and the corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information;
- the step further includes: the NodeB configures a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH, and the scrambling codes corresponding to each PRACH may be the same or different;
- the terminal feature categories include: a terminal type, a call service type, a terminal grouping, an access priority, and the like;
- the terminal type is, for example, an M2M terminal, or an H2H terminal, or a terminal of a type other than an M2M terminal and an H2H terminal;
- the type of call service such as a normal call, or an emergency call, or a new type of call service belonging to the M2M;
- the terminal grouping refers to a terminal group to which the terminal that initiates random access belongs
- the access priority refers to the access priority of the terminal or the calling service that initiates the random access
- the PRACH classification information is as shown in Table 1.
- Each terminal type may correspond to one or more PRACHs.
- the reason why the bit bitmap here uses 16 bits is because the maximum number of PRACHs that can be configured in the UMTS system can be supported. It is 16.
- the PRACH classification information may be as shown in Table 2.
- the PRACH classification information may be as shown in Table 3;
- the PRACH classification information may be as shown in Table 4.
- Step 302 The NodeB sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal.
- the NodeB adds the PRACH classification information to the system information for broadcast, and the terminal obtains the PRACH classification information by reading system information.
- the PRACH classification information may be added in existing system information; or new system information may be defined, and the PRACH classification information is placed in the new system information;
- the NodeB sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal by paging. Further, the NodeB may send the PRACH classification information to the packet terminal by using the packet paging, which may reduce signaling overhead.
- Step 303 The terminal selects a corresponding PRACH to initiate random access in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category.
- the terminal searches for the category to which the terminal feature category of the terminal belongs in the PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature category that is used by the NodeB, and finds the corresponding PRACH according to the classification. Reading the configuration information of the PRACH from the system message, and starting random access according to the scrambling code and the signature construction prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH;
- the terminal feature category in the PRACH classification information corresponds to multiple PRACHs
- one of the available PRACHs can be arbitrarily selected.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种物理随机接入信道(PRACH)的接入方法,接入网网元按照终端特征类别设置PRACH分类信息,并将所述PRACH分类信息发送到终端;终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述PRACH分类信息中选择相应的PRACH发起随机接入;本发明同时还公开了一种PRACH的接入***,通过本发明的方案,终端可以按照自身的终端特征类别接入PRACH,避免M2M终端的密集接入对H2H终端的接入的影响,保证H2H终端的无线接入服务质量要求。
Description
一种物理随机接入信道的接入方法和*** 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信中的随机接入技术, 尤其涉及一种物理随机接入 信道 ( PRACH , Physical Random Access Channel ) 的接入方法和***。 背景技术
随着移动通信***的演进, 用户的业务服务质量已成为运营商的首要 目标, 业务服务质量影响了服务性能, 也决定了用户对业务的满意度。 提 高服务质量的重要方面就是建立连接和信道分配时的时间延迟以及成功 率。
为了进一步增强通讯***的应用范围, 引入了物联网的概念, 并在通 讯业标准会议上获得广泛推动。 广义的物联网既包括传统的人到人(H2H, human to human )的通讯, 也包括机器到机器(M2M, Machine to Machine ) 的通讯, 在第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP )会议中, M2M又被立项为机器类 型通信 ( MTC , Machine Type Communication )。 引入 M2M 4既念后, 通讯业 务被扩展了各行各业的方方面面。 例如智能家居, 包括家庭电器的远程控 制、 家庭安防的远程监控等等; 智能交通, 包括交通流量的监控、 事故监 控、 车辆监控等; 智能计量, 包括工业仪表的监控和远程控制、 远程抄表 等。
M2M业务将覆盖到生活和工作、 生产的各个领域, M2M的终端数量 相比起现有的 H2H通讯终端, 将大大的超越。 这就对现有的无线接入网构 成了新的压力。 其中最可能形成瓶颈的就是现有的无线接入能力很可能无 法满足大量 M2M终端接入的要求。
M2M终端和 H2H终端发起呼叫的行为特征有很大的区别, H2H终端
的呼叫到达通常密度较小, 而 M2M终端的呼叫到达密度通常较大。 以智能 电网抄表业务为例, 在城区人口密集的地区, 一个基站小区所覆盖区域内 包括的智能电表数量可以达到上万个, 当到达电表数据上报时间时, 上万 个电表会在很短时间内 (例如 10秒内)一起发起无线接入, 这样会导致在 这段时间内无线接入网的接入能力达到上限, 从而严重影响普通 H2H终端 用户的接入, 用户体验的现象就是 H2H呼叫无法成功, 或者需要等待很长 时间才能呼叫成功,这会严重影响到 H2H终端用户的感受度。而对于 M2M 设备来说, 其服务质量( QoS, Quality of Serivce )要求和 H2H终端是不同 的, 对于很大一部分的 M2M业务来说(例如智能电表), 较长的无线接入 的延时是可以接受的。
此外 M2M引入的业务类型还有其他很多类型, 例如火警报警, 其对接 入延迟的要求就可能比 H2H终端更加严格; 对于这种类型的 M2M终端或 者业务,很明显也需要和 QoS要求较低的终端或者业务区别对待。一般是, 针对接入延迟的不同要求, 不同终端或者不同的业务具有不同的接入优先 级。
M2M还引入了终端分组(Group ) 的概念, 对于相同类型的终端、 或 者同处于某个区域内的终端, 将其按组进行管理, 可以大大节省空口的开 销, 例如执行按组寻呼, 比起普通的按单个终端寻呼, 可极大节省寻呼信 令开销。
考虑到上述因素 , 如何使 M2M终端的密集接入行为对 H2H终端造成 的影响减小甚至消除, 是一个目前需要解决的重要问题。
以 UMTS***为例, 现有协议规定的用于表征 PRACH的信元有: 扰 码( Scrambling Code )号和签名 ( Signature )。 不同的扰码可以用于区分不 同的 PRACH, 在使用相同扰码的情况下, 也可以使用的不同的签名来区分 不同的 PRACH。 目前的 UMTS***, 当 M2M终端大量接入时, 扰码资源
和签名资源被大量占用; 此时如果有 H2H终端接入, 就会有很大的概率发 生接入冲突,导致 H2H终端不断重新发起接入,从而产生很大的接入时延, 甚至接入失败。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种 PRACH 的接入方法和系 统 , 避免 M2M终端的密集接入对 H2H终端接入的影响 , 保证 H2H终端的 无线接入满足 QoS要求。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
本发明提供的一种 PRACH的接入方法, 该方法包括:
接入网网元按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH 分类信息, 并将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端;
终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入。
上述方案中,所述接入网网元按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息 为: 接入网网元按照至少一种终端特征类别进行分类, 分别对每种分类配 置一个或一个以上 PRACH, 将所述终端特征类别及对应的 PRACH信息作 为 PRACH分类信息。
上述方案中, 所述按照至少一种终端特征类别进行分类为: 至少包括 以下一种: 按照终端类型分类、 按照呼叫业务类型分类、 按照终端分组分 类、 按照接入优先级分类。
上述方案中, 所述将所述 PRACH 分类信息发送到终端为: 将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中进行广播; 或者, 将所述 PRACH分类 信息通过寻呼发送给终端。
上述方案中, 所述将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中为: 将所 述 PRACH分类信息在现有的***信息中添加; 或者定义新的***信息,在
所述新的***信息中放置所述 PRACH分类信息。
上述方案中,该方法进一步包括:接入网网元对每个 PRACH配置专用 的扰码。
上述方案中 ,所述终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信 息中选择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入为: 终端在需要发起随机接入时,按 照与接入网网元约定使用的终端特征类别, 查询自身的终端特征类别在所 述 PRACH分类信息中所属的分类, 按照所述分类查找到对应的 PRACH, 终端从***消息中读取所述 PRACH的配置信息,根据 PRACH的配置信息 中的扰码和签名构造前缀发起随机接入。
本发明提供的一种 PRACH的接入***, 该***包括: 接入网网元、 终 端; 其中,
接入网网元,用于按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息,并将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端;
终端,用于根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选择相 应的 PRACH发起随机接入。
上述方案中, 所述接入网网元包括: 设置单元、 发送单元; 其中, 设置单元,用于按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息,并通知发送 单元;
发送单元, 用于将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端。
上述方案中, 所述设置单元按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息 为: 所述设置单元按照至少一种终端特征类别进行分类, 分别对每种分类 配置一个或一个以上 PRACH, 将所述终端特征类别及对应的 PRACH信息 作为 PRACH分类信息。
上述方案中, 所述设置单元,进一步用于对每个 PRACH配置专用的扰 码。
上述方案中, 所述发送单元将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端为: 发送单元将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中进行广播; 或者, 发送单元将所述 PRACH分类信息通过寻呼发送给终端。
上述方案中 ,所述终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信 息中选择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入为: 终端在需要发起随机接入时,按 照与接入网网元约定使用的终端特征类别, 查询自身的终端特征类别在所 述 PRACH分类信息中所属的分类, 按照所述分类查找到对应的 PRACH, 从***消息中读取所述 PRACH的配置信息,根据所述 PRACH的配置信息 中的扰码和签名构造前缀发起随机接入。
本发明提供的 PRACH的接入方法和***,接入网网元按照终端特征类 别设置 PRACH分类信息, 并将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端; 终端根 据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选择相应的 PRACH发起 随机接入; 如此, 终端可以按照自身的终端特征类别接入 PRACH, 避免 M2M终端的密集接入对 H2H终端接入的影响, 保证 H2H终端的无线接入 满足 QoS要求。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实现一种 PRACH的接入方法的流程示意图;
图 2为本发明实现一种 PRACH的接入***的结构示意图;
图 3为本发明以 UMTS***为例, 实现一种 PRACH的接入方法的流 程示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想是:接入网网元按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类 信息, 并将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端; 终端根据自身的终端特征类 别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入。
下面通过附图及具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。 本发明实现一种 PRACH的接入方法,如图 1所示,该方法包括以下几 个步骤:
步骤 101 : 接入网网元按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息; 具体的, 接入网网元按照至少一种终端特征类别进行分类, 分别对每 一种分类配置一个或多个 PRACH, 该 PRACH为这个分类专用, 将所述终 端特征类别及对应的 PRACH信息作为 PRACH分类信息;
本步骤中, 所述接入网网元一般^^站, 或称 NodeB;
所述终端特征类别包括:终端类型、呼叫业务类型、终端分组( Group )、 接入优先级等;
所述终端类型, 例如是 M2M终端、 或 H2H终端、 或者是除 M2M终 端和 H2H终端以外的其他类型终端;
所述呼叫业务类型, 例如是普通呼叫、 或紧急呼叫、 或属于 M2M的新 的呼叫业务类型;
所述终端分组, 指发起随机接入的终端属于的终端分组;
所述接入优先级, 指发起随机接入的终端或者呼叫业务所具有的接入 优先级;
本步骤进一步包括,接入网网元对每个 PRACH配置专用的扰码,每个 PRACH所对应的扰码可以是相同, 也可以是不同的; 若两个 PRACH所对 应的扰码相同, 则所述两个 PRACH 的随机接入的隔离性就弱; 若两个 PRACH所对应的 4尤码不同, 则所述两个 PRACH的隔离性就强, 利用这两 个扰码发起的随机接入就不会相互冲突。
步骤 102: 接入网网元将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端;
具体的,接入网网元将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中进行广 播, 终端通过读取***信息获得所述 PRACH分类信息;
进一步的,所述 PRACH分类信息可以在现有的***信息中添加; 也可 以定义新的***信息, 在所述新的***信息中放置所述 PRACH分类信息; 或者, 接入网网元将所述 PRACH分类信息通过寻呼发送给终端; 进一步的, 接入网网元可以通过分组寻呼 ( Group Paging ) 将所述 PRACH分类信息发送给分组终端, 这样可以降低信令开销。
步骤 103: 终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选 择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入;
具体的, 终端在需要发起随机接入时, 按照与接入网网元约定使用的 终端特征类别,查询自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中所属的 分类, 按照所述分类查找到对应的 PRACH, 终端从***消息中读取所述 PRACH的配置信息, 根据所述 PRACH的配置信息中的扰码和签名构造前 缀发起随机接入;
其中,在所述 PRACH分类信息中的终端特征类别对应多个 PRACH时, 可以任意选择其中一个可用的 PRACH。
为了实现上述方法, 本发明还提供了一种 PRACH的接入***, 如图 2 所示, 该***包括: 接入网网元 21、 终端 22; 其中,
接入网网元 21 , 用于按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息, 并将 所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端 22;
所述接入网网元 21包括: 设置单元 211、 发送单元 212; 其中, 设置单元 211 , 用于按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息, 并通知 发送单元 212;
发送单元 212 , 用于将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端 22;
上述中, 所述接入网网元 21—般^ ^站;
所述终端特征类别包括: 终端类型、 呼叫业务类型、 终端分组、 接入 优先级等;
所述终端类型, 例如是 M2M终端、 或 H2H终端、 或者是除 M2M终 端和 H2H终端以外的其他类型终端;
所述呼叫业务类型, 例如是普通呼叫、 或紧急呼叫、 或属于 M2M的新 的呼叫业务类型;
所述终端分组, 指发起随机接入的终端属于的终端分组;
所述接入优先级, 指发起随机接入的终端或者呼叫业务所具有的接入 优先级;
所述设置单元 211按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息, 具体的, 所述设置单元 211 按照至少一种终端特征类别进行分类, 分别对每一种分 类配置一个或多个 PRACH, 该 PRACH为这个分类专用, 将所述终端特征 类别及对应的 PRACH信息作为 PRACH分类信息;
所述设置单元 211 , 进一步用于对每个 PRACH配置专用的扰码, 每个 PRACH所对应的扰码可以是相同, 也可以是不同的;
所述发送单元 212将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端 22, 具体的, 发送单元 212将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中进行广播, 终端 22通过读取***信息获得所述 PRACH分类信息;
进一步的,所述 PRACH分类信息可以在现有的***信息中添加; 也可 以定义新的***信息, 在所述新的***信息中放置所述 PRACH分类信息; 或者,发送单元 212将所述 PRACH分类信息通过寻呼发送给终端 22; 进一步的 ,发送单元 212可以通过分组寻呼将所述 PRACH分类信息发 送给分组终端 22, 这样可以降低信令开销。
终端 22, 用于根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选 择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入;
具体的, 终端 22在需要发起随机接入时, 按照与接入网网元 21约定 使用的终端特征类别 ,查询自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中
所属的分类, 按照所述分类查找到对应的 PRACH, 终端 22从***消息中 读取所述 PRACH的配置信息,根据所述 PRACH的配置信息中的扰码和签 名构造前缀发起随机接入。 本实施例中, 以 UMTS***为例, 实现 PRACH的接入方法, 如图 3 所示, 该方法包括以下几个步骤:
步骤 301 : NodeB按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息;
具体的, NodeB按照至少一种终端特征类别进行分类, 分别对每一种 分类配置一个或多个 PRACH, 该 PRACH为这个分类专用, 将所述终端特 征类别及对应的 PRACH信息作为 PRACH分类信息;
本步骤进一步包括, NodeB 对每个 PRACH 配置专用的扰码, 每个 PRACH所对应的扰码可以是相同, 也可以是不同的;
所述终端特征类别包括: 终端类型、 呼叫业务类型、 终端分组、 接入 优先级等;
所述终端类型, 例如是 M2M终端、 或 H2H终端、 或者是除 M2M终 端和 H2H终端以外的其他类型终端;
所述呼叫业务类型, 例如是普通呼叫、 或紧急呼叫、 或属于 M2M的新 的呼叫业务类型;
所述终端分组, 指发起随机接入的终端属于的终端分组;
所述接入优先级, 指发起随机接入的终端或者呼叫业务所具有的接入 优先级;
本步骤若按照终端类型分类, 则所述 PRACH分类信息如表 1所示,每 一种终端类型, 可以对应一个或多个 PRACH, 如表 1中, 可以釆用 16位 长度的比特位图 ( bitmap )来表示对应的 PRACH, 其中比特位图的相应位 的比特为 1 ,则表示其对应的 PRACH分配给了该终端类型; 例如:若比特位
图 = 0001000010000000,则表示序号为 3和 8的 2个 PRACH分配给了对应 的终端类型,这里的比特位图之所以用 16位长度,是因为在 UMTS***中, 能够支持配置的最大 PRACH个数是 16。
表 1
类似的, 若按照业务类型分类, 则所述 PRACH分类信息可以如表 2
表 2
表 3
表 4
步骤 302: NodeB将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端;
具体的, NodeB将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中进行广播, 终端通过读取***信息获得所述 PRACH分类信息;
进一步的,所述 PRACH分类信息可以在现有的***信息中添加; 也可 以定义新的***信息, 在所述新的***信息中放置所述 PRACH分类信息;
或者, NodeB将所述 PRACH分类信息通过寻呼发送给终端; 进一步的, NodeB可以通过分组寻呼将所述 PRACH分类信息发送给 分组终端, 这样可以降低信令开销。
步骤 303: 终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选 择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入;
具体的, 终端在需要发起随机接入时, 按照与 NodeB约定使用的终端 特征类别, 查询自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中所属的分 类, 按照所述分类查找到对应的 PRACH , 终端从***消息中读取所述 PRACH的配置信息, 根据所述 PRACH的配置信息中的扰码和签名构造前 缀发起随机接入;
其中,在所述 PRACH分类信息中的终端特征类别对应多个 PRACH时, 可以任意选择其中一个可用的 PRACH。
综上所述,通过按照终端特征类别对 PRACH进行分类,可以对具有不 同终端特征类别的终端分配不同的 PRACH, 避免 M2M终端的密集接入对 H2H终端接入的影响, 保证 H2H终端的无线接入满足 QoS要求。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进 等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种物理随机接入信道(PRACH )的接入方法, 其特征在于, 该方 法包括:
接入网网元按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH 分类信息, 并将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端;
终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的接入方法, 其特征在于, 所述接入网网元按 照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息为:接入网网元按照至少一种终端特 征类别进行分类, 分别对每种分类配置一个或一个以上 PRACH, 将所述终 端特征类别及对应的 PRACH信息作为 PRACH分类信息。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的接入方法, 其特征在于, 所述按照至少一种 终端特征类别进行分类为: 至少包括以下一种: 按照终端类型分类、 按照 呼叫业务类型分类、 按照终端分组分类、 按照接入优先级分类。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的接入方法,其特征在于, 所述将所述 PRACH 分类信息发送到终端为:将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中进行广 播; 或者, 将所述 PRACH分类信息通过寻呼发送给终端。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的接入方法,其特征在于, 所述将所述 PRACH 分类信息添加到***信息中为:将所述 PRACH分类信息在现有的***信息 中添加; 或者定义新的***信息, 在所述新的***信息中放置所述 PRACH 分类信息。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的接入方法,其特征在于,该方法进一步包括: 接入网网元对每个 PRACH配置专用的扰码。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的接入方法, 其特征在于, 所述终 端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选择相应的 PRACH 发起随机接入为: 终端在需要发起随机接入时, 按照与接入网网元约定使 用的终端特征类别,查询自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中所 属的分类, 按照所述分类查找到对应的 PRACH, 终端从***消息中读取所 述 PRACH的配置信息,根据 PRACH的配置信息中的扰码和签名构造前缀 发起随机接入。
8、 一种 PRACH的接入***, 其特征在于, 该***包括: 接入网网元、 终端; 其中,
接入网网元,用于按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息,并将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端;
终端,用于根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信息中选择相 应的 PRACH发起随机接入。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的接入***, 其特征在于, 所述接入网网元包 括: 设置单元、 发送单元; 其中,
设置单元,用于按照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息,并通知发送 单元;
发送单元, 用于将所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的接入***, 其特征在于, 所述设置单元按 照终端特征类别设置 PRACH分类信息为:所述设置单元按照至少一种终端 特征类别进行分类, 分别对每种分类配置一个或一个以上 PRACH, 将所述 终端特征类别及对应的 PRACH信息作为 PRACH分类信息。
11、 根据权利要求 9 所述的接入***, 其特征在于, 所述设置单元, 进一步用于对每个 PRACH配置专用的扰码。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的接入***, 其特征在于, 所述发送单元将 所述 PRACH分类信息发送到终端为:
发送单元将所述 PRACH分类信息添加到***信息中进行广播; 或者, 发送单元将所述 PRACH分类信息通过寻呼发送给终端。
13、 根据权利要求 8至 12任一项所述的接入***, 其特征在于, 所述 终端根据自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH 分类信息中选择相应的 PRACH发起随机接入为: 终端在需要发起随机接入时, 按照与接入网网元 约定使用的终端特征类别,查询自身的终端特征类别在所述 PRACH分类信 息中所属的分类, 按照所述分类查找到对应的 PRACH, 从***消息中读取 所述 PRACH的配置信息,根据所述 PRACH的配置信息中的扰码和签名构 造前缀发起随机接入。
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