WO2012019450A1 - 多用户多入多出***中的配对方法、数据传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

多用户多入多出***中的配对方法、数据传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012019450A1
WO2012019450A1 PCT/CN2011/070916 CN2011070916W WO2012019450A1 WO 2012019450 A1 WO2012019450 A1 WO 2012019450A1 CN 2011070916 W CN2011070916 W CN 2011070916W WO 2012019450 A1 WO2012019450 A1 WO 2012019450A1
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user
users
paired
noise ratio
carrier signal
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PCT/CN2011/070916
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张娟
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452Multi-user MIMO systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) wireless mobile communication system, and more particularly to a pairing method, a data transmission method and apparatus in a multi-user MIMO system.
  • MIMO multiple input and multiple output
  • MIMO technology has attracted widespread attention because of its ability to significantly improve system capacity and spectrum efficiency. It is one of the key technologies for next-generation mobile communications.
  • MIMO systems require multiple antennas to be deployed, resulting in high complexity and high cost.
  • user equipment is generally limited by high complexity, size, power consumption, and cost, making it difficult to equip multiple antennas. Therefore, in the early days of the 3rd Generation (3G) and Beyond 3rd Generation (B3G) / 4th Generation (4G), most of the user equipment will still be used. Single antenna. Even in the 4G phase, the number of antennas at the user end will be limited due to the general expectation and demand for smaller and lighter devices, so the advantages of traditional MIMO technology are difficult to fully exploit in the uplink transmission.
  • V-MIMO Virtual MIMO
  • V-MIMO Virtual MIMO
  • the base station selects two or more single antenna users to form V-MIMO transmission. Since the signals come from different users and pass through different channels, the degree of mutual interference between users is different. Therefore, only through an effective user pairing process, the multi-user diversity gain of the V-MIMO system can be better obtained, and the paired users can be obtained. The mutual interference is minimal, and the reliability and robustness of the wireless link transmission after cooperation are guaranteed.
  • Orthogonal pairing selects the two users with the most orthogonality of the channel for pairing. This method can reduce the pairing interference between users and improve the system throughput while maintaining the robustness of the wireless link, but it is calculated by searching orthogonal users. The amount is large, so the complexity is too big. Random pairing randomly selects two users for pairing, which is relatively easy to implement, but cannot achieve multi-user diversity gain. Can't maximize throughput.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pairing method, a data transmission method and apparatus in a multi-user MIMO system, which are simple to implement and can effectively obtain multi-user diversity gain.
  • the present invention provides a pairing method in a multi-user multiple input multiple output system, the method comprising: selecting a currently scheduled user, acquiring a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user; determining the currently scheduled user. And non-edge users; and pairing the non-edge users according to the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio, wherein each of the users included in each group of paired users has different carrier signal to interference and noise ratios.
  • the step includes: when the kth user is selected, if there are multiple users whose carrier signal to interference and noise ratios of the selected users of the group are different from each other by a preset first threshold, The user with the lowest relevance of each user channel selected by the group matching user is the kth user of the paired user; if there is no user, the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of each selected user of the group is greater than the pre-preparation
  • the first threshold value is set, and the user who has the largest difference in carrier signal-to-noise ratio between the selected users of the pair of users is selected as the k-th user of the pair of users.
  • the present invention also provides a data transmission method, based on the claims
  • the data transmission method further includes: acquiring a carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio of the user after pairing; and allocating resource block resources for each group of matched users according to the carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio of the user after pairing And a modulation coding mechanism; each set of paired users transmits pending information on the same resource block resource; and the base station uses serial interference cancellation techniques to receive information transmitted by each set of paired users.
  • the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user after pairing is obtained as follows:
  • the present invention further provides a pairing device in a multi-user MIMO system, the device comprising: a carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio acquisition module, a non-edge user determination module, and a pairing module, wherein The carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition module is configured to: select a currently scheduled user, and obtain a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user; the non-edge user determination module is configured to: determine a non-user among the currently scheduled users The pairing module is configured to: pair the
  • the pairing module is configured to select, from the remaining non-edge users, a user that differs from a carrier signal-to-noise ratio of each of the selected pair of users by a preset first threshold value.
  • the kth user of the paired user When the kth user is selected, if there is a difference between the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of each selected one of the paired users, the difference is greater than the preset first threshold
  • For each user select the user with the least correlation among the selected user channels of the pair of users as the kth user of the pair of users; if there is no carrier of the user selected by the user and the selected pair of users If the difference between the signal to interference and noise ratio is greater than the preset first threshold, the user having the largest difference in the carrier signal to noise ratio of each of the selected users of the group is selected as the kth user of the pair of users.
  • the pairing module is configured to select a user as a group of paired users in the following manner: selecting a user from the non-edge users to be paired as a pair of paired users based on a proportional fairness criterion One user.
  • the present invention further provides a data transmission apparatus, including the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition module, the non-edge user determination module and the pairing device, and the second carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition module.
  • the second carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition module is configured to: obtain a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user after pairing; and the resource allocation module is configured to: according to the carrier of the user after pairing The signal to interference and noise ratio allocates resource block resources and modulation and coding mechanisms for each group of paired users; the data receiving module is configured to: receive the information sent by each group of paired users by using serial interference cancellation technology; wherein each group of paired users is in the same resource block The information to be transmitted is sent on the resource.
  • the second carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition module is configured to acquire a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user after pairing as follows: ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ 2 + ⁇ 2 ⁇
  • the invention pairs the users with different carrier signal to interference and noise ratios, and the receiving side uses the interference cancellation technology to first analyze the information of the user with high carrier signal to noise ratio, and then eliminates the user information as interference from the received signal to obtain other users. Information.
  • users with high carrier signal to interference and noise ratio (signal strength) and users with low carrier signal to interference and noise ratio (signal weak) are paired, and users with weak signals are especially small for users with strong signal.
  • the interference cancellation technology can first resolve the user information with strong signal, so that the interference is known, and the reception of the weak signal is beneficial, thereby improving the whole system. Throughput.
  • the invention is simple to implement and can effectively obtain multi-user diversity gain.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified model example of an uplink virtual MIMO system
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a comparison of throughput obtained by the present invention and the prior art on an EVA 70 channel, wherein the ordinate represents a cell
  • the total throughput, the abscissa, represents the index of the different moments of the measurement.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a pairing method in an uplink multi-user MIMO system, the method comprising: Step S1: selecting a currently scheduled user, and acquiring a carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio of the user; Step S2, Determining a non-edge user among the currently scheduled users;
  • Step S3 pairing the non-edge users according to the carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio, where each The carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of each user included in the group pairing user is different.
  • the non-edge user is determined according to the following manner: determining the path loss (Pass Loss, PL) of the user to each base station, and sorting the PL of the user to each base station from small to large, if the minimum value and the second minimum The difference between the values is within the set threshold, and the user is considered to be an edge user. If the difference between the minimum value and the minor value is not within the set threshold, the user is a non-edge user.
  • step S3 pairing the non-edge users according to a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio includes: selecting one user from the non-edge users to be paired as the first user of a pair of paired users; Selecting, among the edge users, a user whose carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the selected one of the pair of users is greater than a preset first threshold as the kth user of the pair of users; if there is pairing with the group
  • the user with the least correlation with the selected user channels among the pair of paired users is selected as the group.
  • k Matching the kth user of the user; if there is no difference between the carrier signal and the noise ratio of the user selected by the user and the selected user of the group is greater than the preset first threshold, then selecting the selected user with the group is selected
  • the value of m can be 2 or other values, that is, each pair of users can include 2 or more users.
  • one user is selected as the first user of the paired users from the non-edge users to be paired.
  • the first user may also be selected based on other criteria, such as random selection, based on polling. Way to choose.
  • the present invention further provides a data transmission method, after the non-edge user is paired based on the pairing method, the data transmission method further includes: Step S4: acquiring a carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio of the user after pairing; Step S5, according to the user after pairing The carrier signal to interference and noise ratio allocates resource block resources and modulation and coding mechanisms for each group of paired users; Step S6: Each group of paired users sends the to-be-transmitted information on the same resource block resource.
  • the base station receives the information sent by each group of paired users by using the serial interference cancellation technology.
  • the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user after pairing is obtained as follows:
  • H ff represents the conjugate turn rank of the matrix H.
  • the present invention provides an uplink multi-user MIMO data transmission method, including the following steps: Step 1: The base station selects a user scheduled at the time according to a scheduling criterion, and obtains a carrier to interference plus noise ratio (CINR) of the user and The path loss of the user to each base station; Step 2: The base station determines whether the user is an edge user according to the PL value of the user to each base station; if the user is an edge user, according to the existing process, if the user is not The edge user performs step 3; Step 3: The base station combines the non-edge users according to different carrier signal to interference and noise ratios to form a pair of virtual MIMO users, and does not pair edge users; Step 4: For different paired users, respectively Calculate the CINR of the user after the pairing; because the user is paired in step 3, there is interference between the paired users, and the CINR obtained in step 1 is obtained based on the unpaired user, so the
  • Resource blocks Resource Block, RB
  • modulation coding scheme Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS
  • Step 6 The paired user sends the pending information on the same RB resource
  • Step 7 The base station uses the Serial Interference Cancellation (SIC) technology to receive the sent by the paired user. information.
  • SIC Serial Interference Cancellation
  • the users of the two different carrier signal dry-to-noise ratios are paired to avoid pairing of users with the same carrier signal-to-noise ratio, so that strong interference is formed between the two users; firstly, according to the proportional fairness criterion
  • the first user obtains the CINR of the user; secondly, the user who selects the pre-set threshold value delta_cinr from the remaining users and the CINR of the user is preferably a user with a higher CINR than the user; if there are more If all the users meet the requirements, the user with the smallest channel correlation with the first user is preferentially selected; if no user meets the requirements, the user with the largest difference from the CINR of the user is selected.
  • the coded modulation mode MCS when the user sends the packet is selected according to the correspondence between the CINR and the block error ratio (BLER); and the paired user is allocated according to the resource requirement of the paired user and the remaining bandwidth of the current time.
  • RB resource since the interference cancellation demodulation method is used, the signal with strong signal power is preferentially demodulated, and the pairing method in step 3 is used to easily distinguish the strong signal, thereby effectively improving the demodulation performance of the strong signal; On the basis of demodulating a strong signal, the strong signal is eliminated as interference, and the demodulation reliability of the weak signal is also improved.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a simple model of an upstream V-MIMO system is shown in Figure 1. Assuming no cell interference or a single cell scenario, there are 6 users in the cell, and 4 of them are edge users, then the number of users that the base station can pair with is only 4. Assume that each user has only one transmitting antenna, and two receiving antennas are installed on the base station side. The base station scheduler selects two users to form V-MIMO to transmit data on the same time-frequency resource, so that it can be regarded as having two transmit antennas in the uplink. As shown in FIG. 2, the specific implementation steps of the method of the present invention are as follows: Step 101: Referring to FIG.
  • the base station measures the CINR of the user 1 to the user 6, and assumes respectively For SINR1, SINR2, SINR3, SINR4, SINR5, SINR6, and PL of 6 users, ill 3 ⁇ 4.
  • the other 'J is (PL11, PL12, ... .PLln), (PL21, PL22, ... .PL2n ) ,
  • the threshold can be taken as 5. For other users, follow this method in turn. H has no users 5 and users 6 are edge users, and other users are non-edge users.
  • Step 103 The base station performs user pairing for four non-edge users.
  • user 1 is preferentially selected, and the CINR difference between the remaining three users and user 1 is selected in delta-cinr (pre-set according to the simulation result)
  • delta-cinr pre-set according to the simulation result
  • the user above the limit value is assumed to be user 2; if there are multiple users, the user with the least channel correlation with user 1 is selected.
  • the proportional fairness criterion in the step 103 is to select the UE corresponding to the f maximum value in the following formula: arg m ax
  • Step 106 The user sends the to-be-transmitted information on the same time-frequency resource according to the number of MCSs and RBs allocated by the base station scheduler.
  • Step 107 The base station receives the data of the paired two users by using the serial interference cancellation receiver.
  • the serial interference receiver can use Minimum Mean-Square Error Successive Interference Cancellation (MMSE-SIC) or Zero Forcing Successive Interference Cancellation (ZF-SIC)
  • MMSE-SIC Minimum Mean-Square Error Successive Interference Cancellation
  • ZF-SIC Zero Forcing Successive Interference Cancellation
  • the present invention also provides a pairing device in a multi-user MIMO system, the device comprising: a carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio acquisition module, a non-edge user determination module, and a pairing module, wherein: the carrier signal dry-noise ratio acquisition module Set to: select the currently scheduled user, and obtain the carrier signal dry-to-noise ratio of the user;
  • the non-edge user determination module is configured to: determine a non-edge user among the currently scheduled users;
  • the pairing module is configured to: pair the non-edge users according to the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio, wherein each of the users included in each group of paired users has different carrier signal to interference and noise ratios.
  • the pairing module is configured to select, as follows, a user that differs from a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of each selected one of the pair of paired users by a preset first threshold value as the kth of the group of paired users.
  • Users when the kth user is selected, if there are multiple users whose carrier signal to interference and noise ratios of the selected users of the group are different from each other by a preset first threshold, The user with the lowest relevance of each user channel selected by the group matching user is the kth user of the paired user; if there is no user, the carrier signal to noise ratio of each selected user of the group is greater than the pre-prepared
  • the first threshold value is set, and the user who has the largest difference in carrier signal-to-noise ratio between the selected users of the pair of users is selected as the k-th user of the pair of users.
  • the pairing module is configured to select a user from the non-edge users to be paired as the first user of the group of paired users as follows: based on the proportional fairness criterion from the non-edge users to be paired Select a user as the first user of a group of paired users.
  • the present invention further provides a data transmission apparatus, comprising: the pairing apparatus, and a second carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition module, a resource allocation module, and a data receiving module, wherein: the second carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition
  • the module is set to: Get the carrier signal of the user after pairing
  • the resource allocation module is configured to: allocate a resource block resource and a modulation and coding mechanism for each group of paired users according to a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user after pairing
  • the data receiving module is configured to: receive each group by using a serial interference cancellation technology The information sent by the paired user; wherein each pair of paired users sends the to-be-transmitted information on the same resource block resource.
  • the second carrier signal to interference and noise ratio acquisition module is configured to acquire a carrier signal to interference and noise ratio of the user after pairing as follows: ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) ⁇ ⁇ 2 + ⁇ 2 ⁇ I (G),
  • ⁇ ⁇ + ⁇ ⁇ 11 , ⁇ and Rn represent the channel matrix and the noise variance matrix, respectively
  • ⁇ 2 is the system noise variance
  • i, j is the user index
  • i l . . . m
  • j l . . . m
  • C/N represents the carrier signal to interference and noise ratio after the i-th user pairing of a pair of paired users
  • m is the number of users included in the pair of paired users.
  • the present invention pairs users with different carrier signal to interference and noise ratios, and the receiving side first uses interference cancellation technology to first analyze the information of the user with high carrier signal to interference and noise ratio, and then eliminates the user information as interference from the received signal. Get information from other users.
  • a user with a high carrier signal to interference and noise ratio (signal strength) and a user with a low carrier signal to interference and noise ratio (signal weak) are paired, and the signal is weak.
  • the user 4 is especially small for the user with strong signal, although the user with strong signal is especially large for the user 4 with weak signal, but the interference cancellation technology can first analyze the user information with strong signal, so that the interference is known. It is beneficial for the reception of weak signals, thereby increasing the throughput of the entire system.
  • the invention is simple to implement and can effectively obtain multi-user diversity gain.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多用户多入多出***中的配对方法,该方法包括:选择当前调度的用户,获取用户的载波信干噪比;确定所述当前调度的用户中的非边缘用户;以及根据所述载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配对,其中,每组配对用户中包括的各用户的载波信干噪比不同。本发明还公开了一种数据传输方法、一种多用户多入多出***中的配对装置以及一种数据传输装置。本发明中,信号弱的用户对信号强的用户的干扰较小,对弱信号的接收有益,提高了整个***的吞吐量。

Description

多用户多入多出***中的配对方法、 数据传输方法及装置
技术领域 本发明涉及多输入多输出 ( Multiple Input and Multiple Output, MIMO ) 无线移动通信***, 尤其涉及一种多用户 MIMO***中的配对方法、数据传 输方法及装置。
背景技术
MIMO技术因其能够明显提高***容量和频谱效率而得到了广泛关注, 是下一代移动通信的关键技术之一, 然而 MIMO***要求部署多根天线,从 而导致了高复杂度以及高成本。在蜂窝环境中,用户设备一般受到高复杂度、 体积、 功耗以及成本等方面的限制, 难以装备多个天线。 因此, 在第三代移 动通讯 ( the 3rd Generation, 3G )以及超三代移动通信 ( Beyond 3rd Generation, B3G ) /***移动通讯(the 4th Generation, 4G ) 的初期, 大部分用户设备 将依然使用单根天线。 即使到了 4G阶段, 由于对更小更轻设备的普遍期望 和需求, 用户端的天线数量仍将受到限制, 因此传统 MIMO技术的优势难以 在上行传输中得到完全发挥。 虚拟 MIMO ( virtual MIMO, V-MIMO )技术 可以解决以上瓶颈, 它允许两个或者多个只有单根发送天线的用户在同样的 资源块上传送数据。 这样一来, 发射端可以等效看成多根天线。 用户配对是 V-MIMO***中的一个重要而独特的环节, 即基站选取两个或者多个单天线 用户组成 V-MIMO传输。 由于信号来自不同的用户, 经过不同的信道, 用户 间相互干扰的程度不同, 因此, 只有通过有效的用户配对过程, 才能更好地 获得 V-MIMO***的多用户分集增益, 并使配对用户间的相互干扰最小,保 证合作后无线链路传输的可靠性以及鲁棒性。 目前国内外公布的关于用户配 对算法的研究有限。 已有的文献或专利中, 用户配对准则基于随机用户配对 和正交配对。 正交配对选择两个信道正交性最大的用户进行配对, 这种方法 可以减少用户之间的配对干扰, 在保持无线链路鲁棒性的同时提高***吞吐 量, 但是由于搜寻正交用户计算量大, 所以复杂度太大。 随机配对则随机的 选取两个用户进行配对,相对比较容易实现,但是无法取得多用户分集增益, 不能使吞吐量最大化。
发明内容 本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种在多用户 MIMO ***中的配对方 法、 数据传输方法及装置, 实现简单, 且可以有效获得多用户分集增益。 为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供了一种多用户多入多出***中的配对方 法, 该方法包括: 选择当前调度的用户, 获取用户的载波信干噪比; 确定所述当前调度的用户中的非边缘用户; 以及 根据所述载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配对, 其中, 每组配对用 户中包括的各用户的载波信干噪比不同。 其中, 根据载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配对的步骤包括: 从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个 用户; 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信 干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 依此类推, 直到确定该组配对用户的所有用户; k=2...m, m为该组配对用户 包括的用户数; 依此类推, 直到将所述非边缘用户配对完毕。 其中, 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载 波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用 户的步骤包括: 选择所述第 k个用户时, 如果存在与该组配对用户中已选的 各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的多个用户时, 选择与该 组配对用户中已选的各用户信道相关性最小的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k 个用户; 如果不存在用户与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相 差大于预设的第一门限值, 则选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信 干噪比相差最大的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户。 其中, 按如下方式选择一组配对用户中的第一个用户: 基于比例公平准 则从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第一个用 户。 为了解决上述问题, 本发明还提供了一种数据传输方法, 基于权利要求
1所述方法对非边缘用户进行配对后, 所述数据传输方法还包括: 获取配对之后用户的载波信干噪比; 根据配对之后用户的载波信干噪比为每组配对用户分配资源块资源和调 制编码机制; 每组配对用户在相同的资源块资源上发送待传信息; 以及 基站使用串行干扰消除技术接收每组配对用户发送的信息。 其中, 按如下方式获取配对之后用户的载波信干噪比:
∑ \(ΟΗ \22∑ |(G), |2 其中, G = (HHH + R HH , Η and Rn分别表示信道矩阵和噪声方差矩阵, σ2为噪声方差, i, j 为用户索引, i=l...m, j=l...m, C/N 表示一组配对用 户中第 i个用户配对之后的载波信干噪比, m是该组配对用户包括的用户数。 为了解决上述问题, 本发明还提供了一种多用户多入多出***中的配对 装置, 该装置包括: 载波信干噪比获取模块、 非边缘用户确定模块和配对模 块, 其中: 所述载波信干噪比获取模块设置为: 选择当前调度的用户, 获取所述用 户的载波信干噪比; 所述非边缘用户确定模块设置为: 确定所述当前调度的用户中的非边缘 用户; 所述配对模块设置为: 根据所述载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配 对, 其中, 每组配对用户中包括的各用户的载波信干噪比不同。 其中,
所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式对所述非边缘用户进行配对: 从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个 用户; 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信 干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 依此类推, 直到确定该组配对用户的所有用户; k=2...m, m为该组配对用户 包括的用户数; 依此类推, 直到将所述非边缘用户配对完毕。 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与 该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的 用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户: 选择所述第 k个用户时, 如果存在与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载 波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的多个用户时, 选择与该组配对用户 中已选的各用户信道相关性最小的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 如 果不存在用户与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设 的第一门限值, 则选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差 最大的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户。 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式选择一个用户作为一组配对用 户的第 1个用户: 基于比例公平准则从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个 用户作为一组配对用户的第一个用户。 为了解决上述问题, 本发明还提供了一种数据传输装置, 该数据传输装 置包括上述的载波信干噪比获取模块、 非边缘用户确定模块和配对装置、 以 及第二载波信干噪比获取模块、 资源分配模块和数据接收模块, 其中: 所述第二载波信干噪比获取模块设置为: 获取配对之后用户的载波信干 噪比; 所述资源分配模块设置为: 根据配对之后用户的载波信干噪比为每组配 对用户分配资源块资源和调制编码机制; 数据接收模块设置为: 使用串行干扰消除技术接收每组配对用户发送的 信息; 其中, 每组配对用户在相同的资源块资源上发送待传信息。
其中, 所述第二载波信干噪比获取模块是设置为按如下方式获取配对之 后用户的载波信干噪比: ∑ \ (ΟΗ \2 + σ2∑ | (G), I2 其中, G = (HHH + R HH , H and Rn分别表示信道矩阵和噪声方差矩阵, σ2为***噪声方差, i, j 为用户索引, i=l ...m, j=l ...m, C/N 表示一组配 对用户中第 i个用户配对之后的载波信干噪比, m是该组配对用户包括的用 户数。
本发明将载波信干噪比不同的用户进行配对, 接收侧釆用干扰消除技术 先解析载波信干噪比高的用户的信息, 然后将该用户的信息作为干扰从接收 信号消除, 得到其他用户的信息。 使用本发明的配对方法, 载波信干噪比高 的用户 (信号强)和载波信干噪比低的用户 (信号弱)进行配对, 信号弱的 用户对信号强的用户的干 4尤较小, 虽然信号强的用户对信号弱的用户干 4尤较 大, 但是利用干扰消除技术可以先将信号强的用户信息解析出来, 从而认为 干扰已知, 对弱信号的接收有益, 从而提高整个***的吞吐量。 本发明实现 简单, 且可以有效获得多用户分集增益。
附图概述 图 1 是上行虚拟 MIMO***的简单模型示例; 图 2是本发明所述方法的流程示意图; 图 3 是本发明和现有技术在 EVA70信道得到的吞吐量比较, 其中纵坐 标表示小区总的吞吐量, 横坐标表示测量的不同时刻索引。
本发明的较佳实施方式 本发明提供一种上行多用户多入多出***中的配对方法, 该方法包括: 步骤 S1 , 选择当前调度的用户, 获取用户的载波信干噪比; 步骤 S2 , 确定所述当前调度的用户中的非边缘用户;
步骤 S3 , 根据所述载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配对, 其中, 每 组配对用户中包括的各用户的载波信干噪比不同。 其中, 步骤 S2中, 根据如下方式确定非边缘用户: 确定用户到各基站的路径损耗(Pass Loss, PL ) , 对用户到各个基站的 PL进行由小到大的排序,如果最小值和次小值的差值在设定的门限以内,认 为该用户为边缘用户, 如果最小值和次小值的差值不在设定的门限以内该用 户为非边缘用户。 其中, 步骤 S3中, 根据载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配对包括: 从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个 用户; 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信 干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 如果存在与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第 一门限值的多个用户时, 选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户信道相关性最 小的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 如果不存在用户与该组配对用户 中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值, 则选择与该组 配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差最大的用户作为该组配对用户 的第 k个用户; 依此类推, 直到确定该组配对用户的所有用户; k=2...m, m 为每组配对用户包括的用户数; 依此类推, 直到将所述非边缘用户配对完毕。 m取值可以为 2, 也可以 为其他值, 即每组配对用户可以包括 2个或 2个以上的用户。 其中, 基于比例公平准则从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作 为一组配对用户的第一个用户, 当然,也可以基于其他准则选择第一个用户, 比如随机选择, 基于轮询方式选择。 本发明还提供一种数据传输方法, 基于上述配对方法对非边缘用户进行 配对后, 该数据传输方法还包括: 步骤 S4, 获取配对之后用户的载波信干噪比; 步骤 S5 ,根据配对之后用户的载波信干噪比为每组配对用户分配资源块 资源和调制编码机制; 步骤 S6, 每组配对用户在相同的资源块资源上发送待传信息; 步骤 S7, 基站使用串行干扰消除技术接收每组配对用户发送的信息。 其 , 步骤 S4中, 按如下方式获取配对之后用户的载波信干噪比:
Figure imgf000009_0001
其中, G = iHH + R HH , Η and Rn分别表示信道矩阵和噪声方差矩阵, σ2为噪声方差, i, j 为用户索引, i=l ...m, j=l ...m, C/N 表示一组配对用 户中第 i个用户配对之后的载波信干噪比, m是该组配对用户包括的用户数。 Hff表示矩阵 H的共轭转秩。
下面以两个用户配对为例进一步说明本发明。 本发明提供一种上行多用户 MIMO数据传输方法, 包括步骤: 步骤 1 : 基站根据调度准则选择该时刻调度的用户, 获得该用户的载波 信干噪比(Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio, CINR ) 以及该用户到各个 基站的路径损耗; 步骤 2:基站根据该用户到各个基站的 PL值,确定该用户是否为边缘用 户; 如果该用户为边缘用户, 按照现有的流程进行处理, 如果该用户不是边 缘用户, 执行步骤 3; 步骤 3: 基站对非边缘用户按照载波信干噪比的不同进行组合, 组成一 对虚拟 MIMO用户, 对边缘用户不进行配对; 步骤 4: 对于不同的配对用户, 分别计算配对之后用户的 CINR; 由于步骤 3对用户进行了配对, 配对用户之间存在干扰, 而步骤 1中得 到的 CINR是基于非配对用户得到的, 因此需要重新计算配对之后用户的 CINR; 步骤 5: 基站根据配对之后计算得到的 CINR为每对配对用户分配合适 的资源块( Resource Block , RB )资源及调制编码机制 (Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS)配置, 并下发给 UE; 步骤 6: 配对用户在相同的 RB资源上发送待传信息; 步骤 7: 基站使用串行干扰消除(Successive Interference Cancellation, SIC )技术接收配对用户发送的信息。 上述步骤 3中进行不同用户的配对时, 将两不同载波信干噪比的用户组 成一对, 避免载波信干噪比相同的用户配对而使得两用户间形成强干扰; 首 先根据比例公平准则选取第一个用户, 得到该用户的 CINR; 其次从剩余用 户中选取和该用户的 CINR相差预先设定的门限值 delta— cinr以上的用户,优 选比该用户的 CINR高的用户; 如果有多个用户都满足要求, 则优先选择和 第一用户的信道相关性最小的用户; 如果没有用户满足要求, 则选取和该用 户 CINR相差最大的用户。 上述步骤 5中 , 根据 CINR和误块率( Block Error Ratio, BLER ) 的对 应关系选取用户发送时的编码调制方式 MCS;根据配对用户的资源需求及当 前时刻的剩余带宽, 为配对用户分配合适的 RB资源; 上述步骤 7中, 由于使用干扰消除解调方法, 优先解调信号功率强的信 号, 使用步骤 3中的配对方法, 容易区分强信号, 因此有效提高强信号的解 调性能; 在正确解调强信号的基础上, 将强信号作为干扰消除掉, 弱信号的 解调可靠性也得到了提高。
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明的技术方案进行更详细的说明。 上行 V-MIMO***的一个简单模型示例如图 1所示。假定无小区干扰或 者单小区的场景, 小区内共有 6个用户, 4叚设其中有两个用户为边缘用户, 那么基站可以进行配对的用户个数只有 4个。 假设每个用户只有一个发射天 线, 而基站侧安装了 2根接收天线。 基站调度器选择 2个用户组成 V-MIMO 在相同的时频资源上传送数据, 这样可以看成上行有 2根发送天线。 如图 2所示, 本发明方法的具体实施步骤如下: 步骤 101 : 结合图 1 , 基站测量得到用户 1到用户 6的 CINR, 假设分别 为 SINR1, SINR2, SINR3, SINR4, SINR5, SINR6, 以及 6个用户的 PL, ill ¾.分另 'J 为 ( PL11,PL12, ... .PLln ) , ( PL21,PL22, ... .PL2n ) ,
(PL31,PL32,....PL3n) , ( PL41,PL42, - .PL4n ) , ( PL51,PL52, - .PL5n ) ,
(PL61,PL62,....PL6n) , 其中 n为网络中的基站个数。 步骤 102: 对用户 1 的 PL 值按照由小到大的顺序排序得到 (PL11' ,PL12' ,....PLln, ),最小路损和次小路损的差值 dPL= PL11, - PL12'; 判断 dPL是否小于门限值, 如果小于, 则判断该用户为边缘用户, 如果不小 于, 该用户为非边缘用户。 门限值可取为 5。 对于其他用户依次按照此方法 判断。 H没用户 5和用户 6为边缘用户, 其他用户为非边缘用户。 用户 5和 用户 6按照现有流程进行处理, 用户 1, 用户 2, 用户 3和用户 4执行步骤 103。 步骤 103: 基站为 4个非边缘用户进行用户配对, 根据比例公平准则, 优先选取用户 1, 在剩余 3个用户中选择和用户 1的 CINR差别在 delta— cinr (根据仿真结果预先设定的门限值)之上的用户, 假设为用户 2; 如果有多 个用户满足, 那么选取与用户 1间信道相关性最小的用户。 所述步骤 103中比例公平准则为选取下面公式中 f最大值所对应的 UE: arg m ax
{l ^(
其中 R(t) = log2(l+ )), 表示 t时刻的 CINR, 其中 K表示可用于用户 配对的总的用户个数。 (t)表示 t时刻用户 k的预期吞吐量, 为用户 k 的平均吞吐量。 步骤 104: 计算配对用户的 CINR, 计算公式如下:
Figure imgf000011_0001
其中, G = iHH + R HH , Η and Rn分别表示信道矩阵和噪声方差矩阵, σ2为***噪声方差, i, 表示配对用户索引号, 本实施例中 m=2, i 取值为 1和 2。 步骤 105: 根据配对用户的 CINR值, 为配对用户选取合适的 MCS。 其 中 CINR和 MCS的映射关系如表 1所示:
表 1
Figure imgf000012_0001
26 CINR_MCS25=<CINR<CINR_MCS26
27 CINR_MCS26=<CINR<CINR_MCS27
28 CINR_MCS27=<CINR i=0,l, ... ,28是仿真得到的加性高斯白噪声(Additive White Gaussian Noise AWGN)信道 28个 MCS下的 BLER曲线上, BLER为 10%的 CINR值。
RB个数选取时, 获取配对用户中需要 RB较多的用户需要的 RB个数, 并和剩余带宽进行比较,选取二者中的较小值作为配对用户需要的 RB个数, 比如一个用户需要 10个 RB,—个用户需要 8个 RB,则选择需要 RB个数较 多的用户的 RB个数, 选择 10个 RB; 而如果剩余带宽为 11 , 则最终选择 RB个数为 10; 如果剩余带宽为 9, 则最终选择 RB个数为 9。 步骤 106: 用户按照基站调度器分配的 MCS和 RB个数, 在相同的时频 资源上发送待传信息;
步骤 107: 基站使用串行干扰消除接收机接收配对的两个用户的数据。 进一步地, 串行干扰接收机可以使用最小均方误差串行干扰消除 ( Minimum Mean- Squared Error Successive Interference Cancellation , MMSE-SIC ) 或者迫零串行干扰消除(Zero Forcing Successive Interference Cancellation, ZF-SIC )接收机; 串行干扰消除接收机首先计算两个用户的信 噪比, 信噪比高的用户先检测出来, 检测出该用户的信号进行量化得到发射 的原始符号, 并将此信号作为干扰消除, 得到信噪比低的用户的发射信息。 对于剩余的其他用户使用上述相同的方法。 本发明具体实施例以两用户为例, 对于大于两用户的配对, 本发明也同 样适用。
本发明还提供一种多用户多入多出***中的配对装置, 该装置包括: 载 波信干噪比获取模块、 非边缘用户确定模块和配对模块, 其中: 所述载波信干噪比获取模块设置为: 选择当前调度的用户, 获取所述用 户的载波信干噪比; 所述非边缘用户确定模块设置为: 确定所述当前调度的用户中的非边缘 用户;
所述配对模块设置为: 根据所述载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配 对, 其中, 每组配对用户中包括的各用户的载波信干噪比不同。 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式根据所述载波信干噪比对所述 非边缘用户进行配对: 从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个 用户; 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信 干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 依此类推, 直到确定该组配对用户的所有用户; k=2...m, m为每组配对用户 包括的用户数; 依此类推, 直到将所述非边缘用户配对完毕。 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式选择与该组配对用户中已选的 各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户 的第 k个用户: 选择所述第 k个用户时, 如果存在与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载 波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的多个用户时, 选择与该组配对用户 中已选的各用户信道相关性最小的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 如 果不存在用户与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设 的第一门限值, 则选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差 最大的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户。 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式从所述待配对的非边缘用户中 选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个用户: 基于比例公平准则从所述待 配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第一个用户。
本发明还提供一种数据传输装置, 该数据传输装置包括上述配对装置、 以及第二载波信干噪比获取模块、 资源分配模块和数据接收模块, 其中: 所述第二载波信干噪比获取模块设置为: 获取配对之后用户的载波信干 噪比; 所述资源分配模块设置为: 根据配对之后用户的载波信干噪比为每组配 对用户分配资源块资源和调制编码机制; 数据接收模块设置为: 使用串行干扰消除技术接收每组配对用户发送的 信息; 其中, 每组配对用户在相同的资源块资源上发送待传信息。 其中, 所述第二载波信干噪比获取模块是设置为按如下方式获取配对之 后用户的载波信干噪比: ■ ∑ \ (ΟΗ)ν \2 + σ2∑ I (G), |2 其中, Ο ΗΗ + Ι^ Η11 , Η and Rn分别表示信道矩阵和噪声方差矩阵, σ2为***噪声方差, i , j 为用户索引, i=l . . . m, j=l . . . m, C/N 表示一组配 对用户中第 i个用户配对之后的载波信干噪比, m是该组配对用户包括的用 户数。 应当理解的是, 本发明的上述针对较佳实施例的描述较为具体, 并不能 因此而认为是对本发明专利保护范围的限制, 本发明的专利保护范围应以所 附权利要求为准。 本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成, 所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中, 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地, 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地, 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
工业实用性 本发明将载波信干噪比不同的用户进行配对, 接收侧釆用干扰消除技术 先解析载波信干噪比高的用户的信息, 然后将该用户的信息作为干扰从接收 信号消除, 得到其他用户的信息。 使用本发明的配对方法, 载波信干噪比高 的用户 (信号强)和载波信干噪比低的用户 (信号弱)进行配对, 信号弱的 用户对信号强的用户的干 4尤较小, 虽然信号强的用户对信号弱的用户干 4尤较 大, 但是利用干扰消除技术可以先将信号强的用户信息解析出来, 从而认为 干扰已知, 对弱信号的接收有益, 从而提高整个***的吞吐量。 本发明实现 简单, 且可以有效获得多用户分集增益。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种多用户多入多出***中的配对方法, 该方法包括: 选择当前调度的用户, 获取用户的载波信干噪比; 确定所述当前调度的用户中的非边缘用户; 以及 根据所述载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配对, 其中, 每组配对用 户中包括的各用户的载波信干噪比不同。
2、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中,根据载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用 户进行配对的步骤包括: 从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个 用户; 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信 干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 依此类推, 直到确定该组配对用户的所有用户; k=2...m, m为该组配对用户 包括的用户数; 依此类推, 直到将所述非边缘用户配对完毕。
3、如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中,从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组 配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户 作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户的步骤包括: 选择所述第 k个用户时, 如果 存在与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门 限值的多个用户时, 选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户信道相关性最小的 用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 如果不存在用户与该组配对用户中已 选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值, 则选择与该组配对 用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差最大的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户。
4、如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中,按如下方式选择一组配对用户中的 第一个用户: 基于比例公平准则从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户 作为一组配对用户的第一个用户。
5、一种数据传输方法,基于权利要求 1所述方法对非边缘用户进行配对 后, 所述数据传输方法还包括: 获取配对之后用户的载波信干噪比; 根据配对之后用户的载波信干噪比为每组配对用户分配资源块资源和调 制编码机制; 每组配对用户在相同的资源块资源上发送待传信息; 以及 基站使用串行干扰消除技术接收每组配对用户发送的信息。
6、如权利要求 5所述的方法, 其中,按如下方式获取配对之后用户的载 波信干噪比:
∑ \(ΟΗ \22∑ |(G), |2 其中, G = (HHH + R HH , Η and Rn分别表示信道矩阵和噪声方差矩阵, σ2为噪声方差, i, j 为用户索引, i=l...m, j=l...m, C/N 表示一组配对用 户中第 i个用户配对之后的载波信干噪比, m是该组配对用户包括的用户数。
7、一种多用户多入多出***中的配对装置, 该装置包括: 载波信干噪比 获取模块、 非边缘用户确定模块和配对模块, 其中: 所述载波信干噪比获取模块设置为: 选择当前调度的用户, 获取所述用 户的载波信干噪比; 所述非边缘用户确定模块设置为: 确定所述当前调度的用户中的非边缘 用户; 所述配对模块设置为: 根据所述载波信干噪比对所述非边缘用户进行配 对, 其中, 每组配对用户中包括的各用户的载波信干噪比不同。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式对所述非边缘用户进行配对: 从所述待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个 用户; 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信 干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 依此类推, 直到确定该组配对用户的所有用户; k=2...m, m为该组配对用户 包括的用户数; 依此类推, 直到将所述非边缘用户配对完毕。
9、如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方式 从剩余的非边缘用户中选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比 相差大于预设的第一门限值的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户: 选择所述第 k个用户时, 如果存在与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载 波信干噪比相差大于预设的第一门限值的多个用户时, 选择与该组配对用户 中已选的各用户信道相关性最小的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户; 如 果不存在用户与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差大于预设 的第一门限值, 则选择与该组配对用户中已选的各用户的载波信干噪比相差 最大的用户作为该组配对用户的第 k个用户。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其中, 所述配对模块是设置为按如下方 式选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第 1个用户: 基于比例公平准则从所述 待配对的非边缘用户中选择一个用户作为一组配对用户的第一个用户。
11、 一种数据传输装置, 该数据传输装置包括: 如权利要求 7所述的载 波信干噪比获取模块、 非边缘用户确定模块和配对装置、 以及第二载波信干 噪比获取模块、 资源分配模块和数据接收模块, 其中: 所述第二载波信干噪比获取模块设置为: 获取配对之后用户的载波信干 噪比; 所述资源分配模块设置为: 根据配对之后用户的载波信干噪比为每组配 对用户分配资源块资源和调制编码机制; 数据接收模块设置为: 使用串行干扰消除技术接收每组配对用户发送的 信息; 其中, 每组配对用户在相同的资源块资源上发送待传信息。
12、如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其中, 所述第二载波信干噪比获取模块 是设置为按如下方式获取配对之后用户的载波信干噪比:
∑ \(ΟΗ \22∑ |(G), |2 其中, G = (HHH + R HH , Η and Rn分别表示信道矩阵和噪声方差矩阵, σ2为***噪声方差, i, j 为用户索引, i=l...m, j=l...m, C/N 表示一组配 对用户中第 i个用户配对之后的载波信干噪比, m是该组配对用户包括的用 户数。
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