WO2012016746A2 - Dent d'enroulement et composant pour une machine électrique permettant de réduire les courants de foucault - Google Patents
Dent d'enroulement et composant pour une machine électrique permettant de réduire les courants de foucault Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012016746A2 WO2012016746A2 PCT/EP2011/059876 EP2011059876W WO2012016746A2 WO 2012016746 A2 WO2012016746 A2 WO 2012016746A2 EP 2011059876 W EP2011059876 W EP 2011059876W WO 2012016746 A2 WO2012016746 A2 WO 2012016746A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tooth
- winding
- rotor
- stator
- grooves
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/08—Salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/42—Means for preventing or reducing eddy-current losses in the winding heads, e.g. by shielding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a winding tooth of a component for an electrical machine, in particular a winding tooth constructed of laminations.
- Electrical machines typically include a stator and a rotor moving relative to the stator. Both the stator and the rotor may carry coils wound with winding coils into which an alternating current is impressed during operation of the electrical machine to produce a changing magnetic field.
- the magnetic field thus generated passes through the stator or the rotor tooth in the direction of the rotor or the stator, wherein the course of the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field and thus the type of magnetic field change is determined by the shaping of an outer contour of a tooth head located on the tooth.
- Winding teeth for components for electrical machines are typically constructed with laminations to suppress eddy currents generated by the alternating magnetic field in the tooth.
- the stacking direction of the lamination sheets for constructing the components corresponds to a direction that is perpendicular to the direction of a winding axis of the wrapped Tooth and is substantially perpendicular to the relative direction of movement between the rotor and the stator. Particularly in the case of rotary motors, this stacking direction corresponds to an axial direction.
- edge fields that do not extend straight between the tooth tip and the rotor or stator, but are arched outwards in the stacking direction and thereby have a magnetic field component in the stacking direction. Due to this change of direction of the magnetic field toward the end regions of the tooth in the transverse direction, there exists a magnetic field component which generates an eddy current in the plane of the lamination plates.
- eddy currents generated by the edge magnetic fields have a frequency that is related to the rotor speed, i. to the speed and the number of poles of the electric machine, is proportional. Eddy currents generally generate losses, thus reducing the efficiency of the electric machine and may cause local heating of the tooth tips in the end portions of the component tooth in the stacking direction. Furthermore, eddy currents generated in a rotor can cause a braking torque that reduces the drive torque and must be compensated for by increasing the motor current in the electric machine.
- a winding tooth for a component of an electrical machine in particular for a stator and / or a rotor, is provided.
- the winding tooth comprises:
- a tooth head which is arranged at one end of the toothed shaft with respect to a winding axis.
- At least one end portion of the winding tooth is provided with one or more grooves extending along the winding axis through the tooth tip, the end portion corresponding to a portion at one or both ends of the winding tooth along a transverse direction substantially perpendicular to the winding axis.
- An idea of the above winding tooth is to groop it in end portions with respect to a transverse direction (stacking direction) perpendicular to the winding axis of the winding tooth and preferably perpendicular to a moving direction of relative movement between a rotor and a stator of the electric machine at these end portions to suppress the generation of eddy currents by magnetic field components extending in the transverse direction. Thereby, the eddy currents occurring there can be reduced, whereby the efficiency of the electric machine can be increased and the generation of heat in the end portions can be reduced.
- the one or more grooves may extend along the winding axis through a portion of the toothed shaft, the length of the one or the plurality of grooves is equal to or less than half the length of the toothed shaft.
- the winding tooth may be formed by stacking laminations in a stacking direction, the stacking direction corresponding to the transverse direction.
- the winding tooth may be formed with one or more first laminations of a first geometry and with one or more second laminations of a second geometry, wherein the first laminations have one or more slots in the region forming the tooth tip and a part of the tooth shaft, such that the one or more grooves are formed by stacking the first and second laminations such that the first laminations are disposed in the one or more end portions of the winding tooth.
- the one or more slots of the first laminations may terminate at an outer contour of the tooth tip opposite the toothed shaft or terminate shortly before reaching the outer contour, so that a web with a width of 0.5% to 10%, preferably 1% to 5%, the length of the winding tooth is formed.
- the one or both end portions can occupy a portion of the length in the transverse direction of the winding tooth, which is between 0.5% and 10%, in particular between 1% and 10%, in particular between 1% and 5%.
- the tooth head projects beyond the toothed shaft on at least one side in a direction of movement, wherein at least one of the grooves is angled and wherein a portion of the groove extending in the toothed shaft extends parallel to the winding axis of the winding tooth and / or wherein a portion of the groove extending in the tooth tip projects obliquely in the direction of the direction of movement from the winding axis of the winding tooth.
- the grooves can run within the winding tooth in such a way that a region of the winding tooth is divided into several parts in the end section, wherein the parts of the winding tooth make up an identical surface area in the end section.
- a component in particular a stator or a rotor for an electric machine, is provided with one or more of the above winding teeth.
- an electric machine is provided with a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator and / or the rotor is formed as the above component and wherein the transverse direction is perpendicular to a direction of movement of a relative movement between the stator and the rotor.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a polyphase permanent magnet excited electric machine with internal rotor
- Figure 2 is a sectional view through the electric machine of
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the course of the magnetic edge flow in the cross-sectional plane shown in Figure 1 and the eddy currents generated thereby at ungrouted stator teeth.
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the course of the magnetic edge flow in the cross-sectional plane shown in Figure 1 and the eddy currents generated thereby in grooved stator teeth.
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the geometry of a first lamination plate for the construction of the stator tooth of Figure 4 in the end portion;
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the geometry of a second lamination plate for constructing a stator tooth of FIG. 4 in a middle section;
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of a further geometry for a first lamination plate for constructing the edge region of a stator tooth
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a brush-commutated electric machine with internal rotor
- Figure 9 is a sectional view in the plane B-B of the electrical
- Figure 10 is a schematic representation of the course of the magnetic see edge flow in the cross-sectional plane shown in Figure 8 and the eddy currents generated thereby at ungrouted rotor teeth.
- Figure 1 1 is a schematic representation of the course of the magnetic see edge flow in the cross-sectional plane shown in Figure 8 and the eddy currents generated in grooved rotor teeth.
- Figure 12 is a schematic representation of the geometry of a first lamination plate for the construction of the end portion of the rotor tooth
- Figure 13 is a schematic representation of the geometry of a second lamination plate for the construction of a central portion of the rotor tooth of Figure 1 1; and FIG. 14 shows a further geometry of a first lamination plate for
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a three-phase brushless permanent-magnet-excited electric machine with internal rotor as an example for an electrical machine 1.
- the electric machine 1 comprises a cylindrical stator 2 with inwardly directed stator teeth 3.
- the stator 2 comprises twelve stator teeth 3, each with a
- Statorspule 4 are wound as a winding coil.
- the stator coils 4 are interconnected according to a known scheme for a three-phase electrical machine.
- tooth heads 5 are provided, each having a toothed shaft opposite outer contour.
- the outer contours of the tooth heads 5 form an inner recess 6, which is substantially concentric with the cylindrical stator 2.
- a rotor 7 is arranged as a rotor of the electric machine 1.
- the rotor 7 has buried permanent magnets 8 arranged in pockets in this example.
- the rotor 7 of the electric machine 1 shown by way of example in FIG. 1 comprises eight permanent magnets, each of which forms a rotor pole 9.
- an air gap 10 is formed in which the magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets 8 and the stator coils 4 energized during operation run.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view in the sectional view AA of the electric machine of FIG. 1. It can be seen the laminated structure of the rotor 7 and the stator 2, which are each constructed of stacked in a stacking direction A (axial direction) laminations. It can be seen that within the air gap 10 inside the axial course of the stator tooth 3 and the rotor pole 9, the magnetic field lines are substantially perpendicular to the outer contour of the tooth head 5 and the rotor pole 9. Only at the end sections E at the ends of the stator tooth 3 in the axial direction A does a magne- netic flow, which emerges from the side surfaces of the end portions E of the stator tooth 3 and the rotor pole 9.
- the end portion provided with the grooves 14 is preferably constructed in a lamination structure of the stator 2 by a geometry of a lamination sheet, which is different from the geometry of the lamination sheets to construct a center portion of the stator.
- FIG. 5 shows a first lamination plate 11 with a first sheet metal geometry for the production of the end sections of the stator teeth 3, while FIG. 6 shows a second lamination plate 12 with a second sheet geometry for a center section of the stator teeth 3.
- the first lamination plate 1 1 slots 15 which are to form the grooves of the tooth tip 5.
- the length of the end portions is for example between 0.5% and 5% of the total length of the stator tooth 3 in the stacking direction.
- the length h N of the slots 15 with respect to the length h Za hn of the stator tooth 3 in the axial direction A is small and is not more than preferably 0.5 to 5%, in particular 1 to 2% of the length h Za of the stator tooth 3.
- the number and shape of the grooves 14 arranged in a tooth head 5 is essentially arbitrary. Already a slot 15 or the groove 14 formed thereby in the stator tooth is sufficient to produce a noticeable effect for the reduction of the
- the slots 15 are selected to form grooves 14 which divide the tooth tip 5 and a portion of the adjoining stator tooth 3 into sections having substantially equal size surfaces.
- the number of grooves 14 extending substantially along the winding axis of the stator tooth 3 is two, but other numbers of grooves 14 may be provided. Since the eddy currents form exclusively in the region of the air gap 10, it is not necessary to provide the grooves along the entire extent of the stator tooth 3. However, a part of the magnetic flux as a magnetic edge flux also emerges from the side surface of the tooth shaft, so that besides the tooth tip, a portion of the stator tooth 3 adjoining the tooth tip should also be provided with the grooves 14 in the end portions.
- the slots 15 in the first laminations 1 1 of the first sheet geometry are, for example, by punching or cutting, z.
- punching generated so that their width results from the manufacturing process used.
- the width of the grooves 14 perpendicular to their direction of extension is not crucial for the reduction of the eddy currents, but only the presence of an interruption of the power line of the laminations, so that eddy currents can not propagate across the grooves 14 away.
- punching it is useful to choose the width of the groove 14 between 1 and 2 mm in order to ensure a sufficient life of the punching tool. In laser cutting, however, widths of the grooves 14 of 0.5 mm can be achieved.
- the course of the grooves 14 in the toothed shaft of the stator tooth 5 is selected so that the distances between them or between them and the nearest edge of the first lamination plate 1 1 of the first sheet metal geometry are as equal as possible.
- This can be achieved, for example, in that the widths w 1 to w 3 of the stator tooth sections 16 formed by the grooves 14 within the stator tooth 3 are the same.
- Stator leopardteilabête 16 different widths can be used.
- the tooth head 5 is a broadening of the stator tooth 3, so that the distance between two grooves 14 within the tooth head 5 also widens.
- the grooves 14 terminate at the outer contour of the tooth head 5 and divide so the outer contour of the tooth head 5 in sections, each having - in rotary electric machines - an identical angular range ⁇ , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 . These angles can be different from each other.
- the length of the grooves 14 preferably corresponds at least to the length of the tooth tip 5 in the extension direction of the stator tooth 3 and extends maximally to the middle of the stator tooth 3, so that the following applies:
- first lamination plates 1 which have a slightly offset geometry. These are stacked on each other so that their grooves 14 are offset from one another, so as to form an end portion with a plurality of first lamination sheets 1 1, the grooves 14 are offset from each other.
- Such an arrangement can be used when the grooves 14 in the end portion are relatively wide compared to the thickness of the stator tooth 3. This may be the case when the grooves 14 are punched with the punch, which can not be made thin enough due to life limitations.
- FIG. 7 as a further embodiment, a variant of the first lamella plate 11 'for constructing the end sections of the stator tooth 3 is shown.
- the slots 15 are not guided to the outer contour of the tooth head 5, but end shortly before, so that the grooves 14 thus formed do not reach the air gap 10. This increases the mechanical stability of the end sections in the toothed shoe area.
- the ends of the slots 15 and the grooves 14 may have a distance of 0.5% to 10%, in particular 0.5 to 3% of the length of the stator tooth 3 from the outer contour of the tooth tip 5.
- FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of an electrical machine 20.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a brush-commutated DC motor 20.
- the DC motor 20 comprises a cylindrical stator 21 with stator magnets 22, which are arranged on an inner wall of the cylindrical stator 21 and form an inner recess 23, in which a rotor 24 is arranged rotatably around a rotor shaft 25.
- the rotor 24 carries with rotor coils 30 wound rotor teeth 26, each projecting outwardly on the rotor 24 and at its outer end in each case one
- Tooth head 27 having a corresponding outer contour.
- the rotor coils 30 are electrically energized by a commutator (not shown).
- the outer contour of the tooth heads 27 forms, with the outer contours of the stator magnets 22 facing the rotor 24, an air gap 28 in which a magnetic flux exists.
- FIG. 9 shows a sectional view through the DC motor 20 of FIG. 8 along the plane B-B.
- the magnetic field lines extend substantially in the radial direction between the stator magnet 22 and the tooth head 27.
- At side surfaces of end portions of the rotor tooth 26 with respect to the axial extent of the rotor tooth 26 magnetic field lines in the axial direction from the rotor tooth 26 and from the tooth tip 27 and form an edge magnetic field 29.
- the edge magnetic field 29 has due to the commutation and the rotational movement of the rotor 24 to a changing field strength, so that, as shown in more detail in Figure 10, in the end portions of the rotor tooth 26 eddy currents can be formed in a radial plane perpendicular to the axial direction.
- FIG. 10 shows a sectional view along a radial plane perpendicular to the axial direction.
- Figure 10 illustrates the course of the magnetic field lines at the end portion and the dashed line illustrates an eddy current loop of an eddy current generated by the magnetic field lines in the end portion.
- first lamination plates 32 are provided with a first sheet metal geometry, as shown in FIG.
- the first lamella plates 32 have slots 34 which, as in the case of the first lamella plate 11 of FIG. 5, penetrate the tooth head 27 and run in a section of the rotor tooth 26.
- the length of the slots 34 is limited to half of the rotor tooth 26.
- the slots 34 extend parallel to the direction of extension of the rotor tooth 26, d. H. parallel to the radial direction of the rotor teeth 26. In the region of the tooth head 27, the slots 34 extend away from one another in the direction of the outer contour of the rotor tooth 26, so that an angled structure is created for the slots 34.
- FIG. 13 shows a second lamination plate 33 with a second sheet metal geometry.
- the second louver sheet 33 serves to form by stacking a center portion of the rotor 24 provided between the end portions of the rotor 24.
- FIG. 14 according to the embodiment of FIG. 7, a shape of the grooves 31 is shown in which the grooves do not extend to the outer contour of the rotor 24.
- the grooves 31 terminate shortly before reaching the outer contour of the rotor 24, so that an increased mechanical stability is ensured.
- a shape of the grooves 31 is shown in which the grooves do not extend to the outer contour of the rotor 24.
- the grooves 31 terminate shortly before reaching the outer contour of the rotor 24, so that an increased mechanical stability is ensured.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne une dent d'enroulement (3) pour un composant (2) d'une machine électrique (1), en particulier pour un stator et/ou un rotor, comprenant: une tige de dent pour l'enroulement avec une bobine d'enroulement (4); et un sommet de dent (5) qui est disposé à une extrémité de la tige de dent par rapport à un axe d'enroulement; une ou plusieurs rainures (14) qui s'étendent le long de l'axe d'enroulement à travers le sommet de dent (5) étant prévues sur au moins une partie terminale de la dent d'enroulement (3), la partie terminale correspondant à une zone sur une ou les deux extrémités de la dent d'enroulement (3) le long d'une direction transversale s'étendant pratiquement perpendiculairement à l'axe d'enroulement.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201180038003.9A CN103026584B (zh) | 2010-08-02 | 2011-06-15 | 电机的用于减少涡流的绕组齿和组件 |
EP11726134.7A EP2601726A2 (fr) | 2010-08-02 | 2011-06-15 | Dent d'enroulement et composant pour une machine électrique permettant de réduire les courants de foucault |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010038764.9 | 2010-08-02 | ||
DE201010038764 DE102010038764A1 (de) | 2010-08-02 | 2010-08-02 | Wicklungszahn und Komponente für eine elektrische Maschine zur Reduzierung von Wirbelströmen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012016746A2 true WO2012016746A2 (fr) | 2012-02-09 |
WO2012016746A3 WO2012016746A3 (fr) | 2012-09-20 |
Family
ID=44314115
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/059876 WO2012016746A2 (fr) | 2010-08-02 | 2011-06-15 | Dent d'enroulement et composant pour une machine électrique permettant de réduire les courants de foucault |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2601726A2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103026584B (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102010038764A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012016746A2 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019141400A1 (fr) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-25 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Noyau de stator ou noyau de rotor pour une machine électrique avec des pertes par courant de foucault réduites et une conductivité magnétique élevée et une résistance mécanique élevée |
US10720801B2 (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2020-07-21 | Feaam Gmbh | Electric machine with a stator having slots at the tooth for reducing the fundamental wave of the magnetic flux |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018054481A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Moteur électrique |
DE102016220823A1 (de) | 2016-10-24 | 2018-04-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Stator mit in den Endbereichen verminderten Wirbelströmen |
CN108258870A (zh) | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | 电机及电机磁芯 |
JP2020512805A (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2020-04-23 | ジェネシス ロボティクス アンド モーション テクノロジーズ カナダ アンリミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 波形固定子 |
CN109120080A (zh) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 电机定子、电机和大巴 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09135545A (ja) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-20 | Nippon Steel Corp | 電気モ−タ |
JP3490219B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-26 | 2004-01-26 | ミネベア株式会社 | 回転電機 |
US6091168A (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-07-18 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Rotor for a dynamoelectric machine |
US6483212B1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2002-11-19 | Asmo Co., Ltd. | Reluctance-type electric motor |
JP4114372B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-08 | 2008-07-09 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 電動機 |
JP2005168269A (ja) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-23 | Kazuhiko Goto | 永久磁石型電動機のステータ鉄心 |
US6864612B1 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-03-08 | Kazuhiko Gotoh | Iron core for electric motor and electric generator |
FR2887697B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-28 | 2010-11-19 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Machine electrique tournante possedant des moyens de reduction de pertes |
-
2010
- 2010-08-02 DE DE201010038764 patent/DE102010038764A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-06-15 EP EP11726134.7A patent/EP2601726A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2011-06-15 WO PCT/EP2011/059876 patent/WO2012016746A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2011-06-15 CN CN201180038003.9A patent/CN103026584B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
DRUCKSCHRIFT B.C. MECROW ET AL.: "Electromagnetic design of turbogenerator stator end regions", IEE PROCEEDINGS, vol. 136, no. 6, November 1989 (1989-11-01) |
PISTOYE, H.: "Les pertes parasites aux extremites du stator des machines ä grand pas polaire et les moyens de les reduire", REVUE GENERALE DE I'ELECTRICITE, 5 February 1927 (1927-02-05) |
See also references of EP2601726A2 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10720801B2 (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2020-07-21 | Feaam Gmbh | Electric machine with a stator having slots at the tooth for reducing the fundamental wave of the magnetic flux |
WO2019141400A1 (fr) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-25 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Noyau de stator ou noyau de rotor pour une machine électrique avec des pertes par courant de foucault réduites et une conductivité magnétique élevée et une résistance mécanique élevée |
US10992192B2 (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2021-04-27 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Stator core or a rotor core for an electrical machine with reduced eddy current losses and high magnetic conductivity and mechanical strength |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103026584A (zh) | 2013-04-03 |
CN103026584B (zh) | 2017-03-15 |
EP2601726A2 (fr) | 2013-06-12 |
DE102010038764A1 (de) | 2012-02-02 |
WO2012016746A3 (fr) | 2012-09-20 |
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