WO2012005000A1 - 通信装置、通信端末装置、通信システム及び通信方法 - Google Patents
通信装置、通信端末装置、通信システム及び通信方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012005000A1 WO2012005000A1 PCT/JP2011/003890 JP2011003890W WO2012005000A1 WO 2012005000 A1 WO2012005000 A1 WO 2012005000A1 JP 2011003890 W JP2011003890 W JP 2011003890W WO 2012005000 A1 WO2012005000 A1 WO 2012005000A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
- H04Q2209/43—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture using wireless personal area networks [WPAN], e.g. 802.15, 802.15.1, 802.15.4, Bluetooth or ZigBee
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/60—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for transmitting utility meters data, i.e. transmission of data from the reader of the utility meter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/70—Arrangements in the main station, i.e. central controller
- H04Q2209/75—Arrangements in the main station, i.e. central controller by polling or interrogating the sub-stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
- H04W72/566—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient
- H04W72/569—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient of the traffic information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication device, a communication terminal device, a communication system, and a communication method.
- the present invention relates to a communication device, a communication terminal device, a communication system, and a communication method for collecting and controlling the power consumption of devices using wireless communication technology in a house.
- Patent Document 1 The wireless multiplex communication method of the communication device in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
- a carrier wireless channel
- a master station which is a communication device, and is divided into two periods “centralized control period” and “collision period”.
- a communication terminal device that is not registered in the polling list uses the CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collation Avidance) method to request registration to the polling list from the master station. It is possible to communicate in the “centralized control period” which is a collision-free communication period. Furthermore, the communication terminal apparatus that communicates during the “centralized control period” is trying to improve the channel usage efficiency by informing the master station of the transfer amount of data to be transmitted next.
- CSMA / CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collation Avidance
- the superframe configuration in Non-Patent Document 1 is composed of a contention communication period (Content Access Period: CAP) composed of a plurality of time slots and a contention free communication period (Contention Free Period: CFP).
- CAP Content Access Period
- CFP contention Free Period
- each communication terminal apparatus performs communication using the slotted CSMA / CA method. Also, within the CFP period, only the communication terminal device to which the master station that is the communication device has assigned the right to use the channel can transmit data.
- the master station periodically transmits a beacon to notify each communication terminal device of the length of the CAP period of the superframe, the length of the CFP period, and the channel allocation information within the CFP period.
- a communication terminal apparatus that does not have a transmission right within the CFP period can acquire a communication right within the CFP period by requesting a channel reservation from the master station within the CAP period.
- Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 by setting a period of a certain length of a channel to a competitive communication period and a non-competitive communication period, channel utilization efficiency is ensured and certain communication terminal devices are surely Can be given a period of communication.
- the communication terminal device even when high priority data is generated in the communication terminal device, if the communication terminal device is not assigned to transmit data, the communication terminal device has a high priority. There is a problem that data may not be received.
- the centralized control period in Patent Document 1 and the non-competitive communication period in Non-Patent Document 1 (hereinafter referred to as the centralized control period), only the communication terminal apparatus registered in the polling list or the communication terminal apparatus having the channel assignment is used. Data can be transmitted. However, other communication terminal devices must wait until the collision period (hereinafter referred to as the competition period) or the competitive communication period (hereinafter referred to as the competition period), and may exceed the allowable data delay depending on the application. There is sex. Furthermore, the priority of data transmitted by each communication terminal device is not considered at all, and therefore, data with high priority may not be transmitted within the allowable delay.
- Patent Document 2 the channel is divided into short fixed frames as compared with Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1.
- the polling communication terminal apparatus transmits data using the first period of the frame, and after the polling communication terminal apparatus transmits, the remaining period of the frame is used as the competition period.
- Patent Document 2 since the frame length is shorter than the centralized control period of Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, there is a data transmission delay of a communication terminal device that is not registered in the polling list or a communication terminal device that has no channel reservation. It is thought that it will be improved.
- Patent Document 2 since the priority of data transmitted by each communication terminal device is not considered at all, high priority data is generated in a specific communication terminal device. In this case, there is a possibility that high priority data cannot be transmitted within the allowable delay range.
- the terminal A transmits data using the CSMA period remaining after the communication terminal device to be polled transmits.
- the terminal A since a plurality of communication terminal apparatuses compete in communication during the CSMA period of the frame, depending on the number of competing communication terminal apparatuses, the terminal A may not be able to transmit data within an allowable delay.
- the length of the CSMA period is several packets long, and if there is no communication terminal apparatus that communicates during the CSMA period, there is also a problem that the CSMA period is not used and the channel utilization efficiency decreases.
- the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and even when there is a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when high priority data is generated in another communication terminal device, It is an object of the present invention to provide a communication device, a communication terminal device, a communication system, and a communication method capable of transmitting and receiving information indicating high priority data.
- a communication apparatus is a communication apparatus that transmits and receives data to and from a plurality of communication terminal apparatuses, and is a predetermined one of the plurality of communication terminal apparatuses.
- For generating a management packet including terminal identification information indicating a communication terminal device that is permitted to transmit data within a period of time, and a priority index that indicates a priority of data permitted to be transmitted within the predetermined period A communication terminal determined from a packet generation unit, a transmission unit that transmits the generated management packet to the plurality of communication terminal devices, and the terminal identification information and the priority index among the plurality of communication terminal devices
- a receiving unit that receives data from the device within the predetermined period.
- the communication device transmits a management packet including terminal identification information and a priority index to the communication terminal device, and receives data from the communication terminal device determined from the terminal identification information and the priority index.
- the data received by the communication device is information indicating data of the priority, such as data of the priority permitted to be transmitted within a predetermined period, or a signal for identifying the data of the priority. That is, the communication device receives information indicating the priority data not only from the communication terminal device assigned to transmit the data but also from the communication terminal device holding the data of the predetermined priority. Can do. For this reason, even if there is a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when data with high priority is generated in another communication terminal device, the other communication terminal device has the high priority. Information indicating data can be received.
- the management packet generation unit is a priority index management in which the priority index indicating the priority of terminal data held by the communication terminal device is associated with a short-term signal for identifying the terminal data
- a priority index management unit for storing information, wherein the reception unit is allowed to transmit data from the first communication terminal device indicated by the terminal identification information within the predetermined period.
- the second communication terminal apparatus holds the terminal data having a priority level that allows transmission within the predetermined period
- the data is transmitted from the first communication terminal apparatus during the predetermined period.
- the short-term signal for identifying the terminal data is received from the second communication terminal device within a short-term period before the transmission period, and the transmission unit is obtained from the terminal data identified by the short-term signal. It sends a control signal to the communication terminal apparatus elephant.
- the communication device has a priority level in which transmission is permitted from the second communication terminal device within a predetermined period within a short period before the transmission period during which data is transmitted from the first communication terminal device.
- a short-term signal for identifying terminal data is received, and a control signal is transmitted to the communication terminal device to be controlled obtained from the terminal data identified by the short-term signal. That is, the communication device can receive a short-term signal for identifying terminal data with high priority from the second communication terminal device within a short-term period before the data transmission period from the first communication terminal device. Therefore, the communication device can receive the short-term signal without affecting the data transmission in the transmission period.
- the communication device identifies the high-priority data when high-priority data is generated in another communication terminal device. Can be received.
- the priority index management unit stores the priority index management information in which information indicating a communication terminal device holding the terminal data is further associated with the priority index and the short-term signal.
- the management packet generator refers to the priority index management information when the receiving unit receives the short-term signal, and is the communication terminal device associated with the short-term signal.
- the terminal device is allowed to transmit data within a subsequent period after the predetermined period, and the receiving unit is identified by the short-term signal from the second communication terminal device within the subsequent period.
- the data is received, and the transmission unit transmits the control signal to a communication terminal device to be controlled obtained from the terminal data received by the reception unit.
- the communication device when the communication device receives the short-term signal, the communication device permits the second communication terminal device associated with the short-term signal to transmit data within the subsequent period after the predetermined period, and the subsequent period
- the terminal data identified by the short-term signal is received from the second communication terminal device. That is, the communication apparatus can receive terminal data with high priority identified by the short-term signal after receiving the short-term signal.
- the priority index management unit stores the priority index management information in which the terminal data is further associated with the priority index and the short-term signal
- the transmission unit includes: The terminal data associated with the short-term signal by referring to the priority index management information when the receiving unit receives the short-term signal while transmitting the priority index management information to the communication terminal device
- the control signal is transmitted to the communication terminal device to be controlled obtained from the above.
- the communication device transmits the priority index management information to the communication terminal device, and when receiving the short-term signal, refers to the priority index management information and from the terminal data associated with the short-term signal
- a control signal is transmitted to the communication terminal device to be controlled. That is, the communication terminal device receives the priority index management information transmitted by the communication device, and the communication terminal device refers to the received priority index management information, and the short-term associated with the terminal data having a higher priority
- the signal is transmitted to the communication device.
- the communication apparatus can acquire terminal data associated with the received short-term signal with reference to the priority index management information.
- the priority index management unit performs an operation in which the device controlled by the communication terminal apparatus is indicated by the terminal data from the lowest priority index that is the highest priority index and indicates the lowest priority.
- the priority index is calculated by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying the amount of power change by a predetermined coefficient.
- the communication device calculates the priority index by subtracting the value obtained by multiplying the power change amount of the device controlled by the communication terminal device by the predetermined coefficient from the lowest priority index. That is, the priority index is calculated so that the priority increases as the power change amount of the device increases.
- the communication apparatus can preferentially acquire operation information of a device having a large amount of power change as information for adjusting power consumption.
- the receiving unit receives data from the first communication terminal apparatus after receiving the short-term signal from the second communication terminal apparatus within the short-term period within the predetermined period.
- the communication apparatus receives data from the first communication terminal apparatus after receiving the short-term signal from the second communication terminal apparatus within the short-term period within the predetermined period.
- the communication device may receive a short-term signal for identifying high priority data from the second communication terminal device, and may receive data permitted to be transmitted within a predetermined period from the first communication terminal device. it can. For this reason, when there is a first communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, and when data with high priority is generated in the second communication terminal device, the communication device Information indicating the high priority data can be received from the device, and data can also be received from the first communication terminal device.
- the receiving unit detects a collision of short-term signals transmitted from the plurality of communication terminal devices
- the management packet generation unit is a collision priority index that is a priority index of the collided short-term signals.
- the acquired collision priority index as a priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected, the management packet in the period after the collision is detected.
- the communication device detects the collision of the short-term signal transmitted from the communication terminal device, and the priority index of the collided short-term signal is included in the priority packet included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected.
- a management packet is generated as a degree index. That is, since the communication device cannot receive the collided short-term signal, a management packet including the priority index of the collided short-term signal is generated in order to receive the short-term signal again after the collision.
- a short-term signal identifying the collided high-priority data is received. Can do.
- the receiving unit holds the first communication terminal device indicated by the terminal identification information and the priority communication indicated by the priority index within the predetermined period. If the transmission of data is permitted, the data is received from the second communication terminal device.
- the communication device receives data preferentially from the communication terminal device holding the data of the priority indicated by the priority index, rather than the communication terminal device indicated by the terminal identification information. That is, the communication device receives data from a communication terminal device holding data of a predetermined priority instead of the communication terminal device assigned to transmit data. For this reason, even if there is a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when data with high priority is generated in another communication terminal device, the other communication terminal device has the high priority. Data can be received.
- the receiving unit detects a collision of data transmitted from the plurality of communication terminal apparatuses, and the management packet generation unit acquires a collision priority index that is a priority index of the collided data. Then, using the acquired collision priority index as a priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected, the management packet in the period after the collision is detected is generated. .
- the communication device detects the collision of the data transmitted from the communication terminal device, and the priority index of the collided data is the priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected.
- a management packet is generated. That is, since the communication device cannot receive the collided data, a management packet including the priority index of the collided data is generated in order to receive the data again after the collision. As a result, even when high priority data is generated in the communication terminal device and a collision occurs when the data is received, the high priority data that has collided can be received.
- the management packet generation unit when the collision priority index is not the highest priority index indicating the highest priority, the priority included in the management packet in a period after the collision is detected The management packet in a period after the collision is detected is generated so that the index from the highest priority index to the collision priority index is repeated.
- the communication apparatus After a data collision occurs, the communication apparatus generates a management packet so that the priority index included in the management packet is repeated from the highest priority index to the collision priority index. That is, when there is data with a higher priority than the priority of the conflicted data, the data with the higher priority can be received preferentially. Thereby, when data with a higher priority than the priority of the collided data is generated in the communication terminal apparatus, the data with the higher priority can be received.
- the management packet generation unit generates the management packet including the terminal identification information and the priority index corresponding to each of two or more periods.
- the communication apparatus generates a management packet including terminal identification information and a priority index corresponding to each of two or more periods. For this reason, since the terminal identification information and the priority index for a plurality of predetermined periods can be included in the management packet, it is possible to easily set the data to be received.
- the receiving unit includes at least one of power consumption data, hot water storage amount, power generation amount, remaining battery level, and operation mode of the device as data indicating a state of the device controlled by the communication terminal device.
- the management packet generation unit determines a priority index corresponding to the state of the device indicated by the data received by the reception unit, and generates the management packet including the determined priority index To do.
- the communication apparatus determines a priority index according to the state of the device controlled by the communication terminal apparatus, and generates a management packet including the determined priority index. That is, when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state, the priority index is changed depending on the state of the device, such as setting a specific priority index. Thereby, data when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state can be preferentially received from the communication terminal device.
- a communication terminal apparatus is a communication terminal apparatus that transmits and receives data to and from the communication apparatus, and transmits data within a predetermined period.
- a receiving unit that receives, from the communication device, a management packet including terminal identification information indicating a communication terminal device that is permitted to transmit and a priority index that indicates a priority of data permitted to be transmitted within the predetermined period;
- a determination unit that determines whether or not the device has obtained permission to transmit data from the terminal identification information and the priority index included in the received management packet; and
- a transmission unit that transmits the data within the predetermined period.
- the communication terminal device determines whether or not the own device has obtained permission to transmit data from the terminal identification information and the priority index included in the received management packet, and within the predetermined period Send data. That is, the communication terminal apparatus can transmit data when the communication terminal apparatus is assigned to transmit data or is a communication terminal apparatus holding data with a predetermined priority. For this reason, even when the communication terminal device is not a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when high priority data is generated, the communication terminal device can transmit the high priority data.
- the determination unit compares the priority index included in the management packet received by the receiving unit with the priority index of data that the own device intends to transmit, and the own device tries to transmit.
- the priority indicated by the priority index of the data is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, it is determined that the own device has obtained data transmission permission, If it is determined that the own device has obtained permission to transmit data, a short-term signal for identifying terminal data, which is priority data indicated by the priority index, is transmitted to the communication device.
- the communication terminal device when the priority indicated by the priority index of the data that the device intends to transmit is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, the communication terminal device Is transmitted, a short-term signal for identifying the data is transmitted. Thereby, even if there is another communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, the communication terminal device identifies the high priority data when high priority data is generated in the own device. A short-term signal can be transmitted.
- the receiving unit receives the priority index management information from the communication device, and stores the received priority index management information in the priority index information holding unit
- the transmission unit refers to the priority index management information and transmits the short-term signal associated with the terminal data to the communication device.
- the communication terminal apparatus receives the priority index management information from the communication apparatus, refers to the received priority index management information, and transmits a short-term signal associated with the terminal data to the communication apparatus. . That is, the communication terminal device can acquire the short-term signal associated with the terminal data with a high priority by referring to the priority index management information received from the communication device, and therefore associates with the terminal data. The received short-term signal can be transmitted to the communication device.
- the determination unit compares the terminal identification information included in the management packet received by the reception unit with the terminal identification information of the own device, so that the own device has obtained permission to transmit data.
- the transmission unit determines whether or not data is transmitted from another communication terminal device to the communication device before transmitting data when it is determined that the device has obtained permission to transmit data. If it is determined that the data is transmitted from another communication terminal device, the data transmission is not performed. If it is determined that the data is not transmitted from the other communication terminal device, the data transmission is performed. Do.
- the communication terminal apparatus determines whether or not the own apparatus has obtained permission to transmit data from the terminal identification information included in the management packet, and transmits the data from another communication terminal apparatus to the communication apparatus before transmitting the data. It is determined whether or not data is being transmitted. If it is determined that data is being transmitted from another communication terminal device, the data is not transmitted. That is, even if the communication terminal device is assigned to transmit data, the device does not transmit data when data is transmitted from another communication terminal device to the communication device. As a result, even if the communication terminal device is assigned to transmit data by itself, if high priority data is generated in another communication terminal device, the other communication terminal device has the higher Priority data can be transmitted preferentially.
- the determination unit compares the priority index included in the management packet received by the receiving unit with the priority index of data that the own device intends to transmit, and the own device tries to transmit.
- the priority indicated by the priority index of the data is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, it is determined that the own device has obtained data transmission permission, If it is determined that the device has obtained permission to transmit data, the data is transmitted.
- the communication terminal device determines that the transmission permission has been obtained, and the data is transmitted. Thereby, even if there is another communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when high priority data is generated in the own device, the high priority data can be transmitted.
- the determination unit corresponds to a state of the device indicated by data including at least one of power consumption data, hot water storage amount, power generation amount, battery remaining amount, and operation mode of the device controlled by the device. Then, by determining the priority index of data to be transmitted to the communication device, it is determined whether or not the own device has obtained permission to transmit data.
- the communication terminal apparatus determines whether or not the own apparatus has obtained permission to transmit data by determining the priority index of data to be transmitted to the communication apparatus according to the state of the device controlled by the own apparatus. Determine. That is, when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state, the priority index is changed depending on the state of the device, such as setting a specific priority index. Thereby, data when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state can be preferentially transmitted to the communication device.
- the present invention can be realized not only as such a communication device or a communication terminal device, but also as a communication system including the communication device and the communication terminal device.
- the present invention can be realized as an integrated circuit including each processing unit constituting the communication device or the communication terminal device, or can be realized as a method using the processing of each processing unit as a step.
- the present invention can be realized as a program for causing a computer to execute these steps, a recording medium such as a computer-readable CD-ROM on which the program is recorded, or information, data, or a signal indicating the program. It can also be realized.
- These programs, information, data, and signals may be distributed via a communication network such as the Internet.
- the communication terminal device even if there is a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, high priority data is stored in a specific communication terminal device. When this occurs, the generated high priority data can be transmitted and received preferentially.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the power consumption information collecting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the management packet generator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of the power meter with a device control function in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the determination unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of the transmission unit of the communication processing unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the power consumption information collecting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of the transmission control unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a frame structure of the wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the power consumption information collection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a transmission period determination algorithm performed by the power meter with device control function according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter with equipment control function according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a transmission algorithm within a centralized control period performed by the power meter with a device control function according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating scenario 1 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating scenario 2 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wireless communication method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a transmission period determination algorithm performed by the power meter with device control function according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart for explaining an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter with equipment control function according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter with device control function according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a scenario performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the management packet generation unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the transmission control unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a priority index management table according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wireless communication system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing performed by the power consumption information collection device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a collision avoidance process performed by the power consumption information collection apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a flowchart illustrating an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter with device control function according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating scenario 1 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating scenario 2 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating scenario 3 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating scenario 4 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating scenario 4 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wireless communication scheme in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a flowchart illustrating an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter with device control function according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a scenario performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating power consumption of a plurality of home appliances.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating power consumption of the vacuum cleaner.
- FIG. 37 is a frame structure diagram of a communication apparatus in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 38 is a frame structure diagram of a communication device in Non-Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 39 is a frame structure diagram of a communication apparatus in Patent Document 2.
- the power consumption information collection device 1 that is a communication device collects the power consumption of each power consumption device in the building using wireless communication through the power meter 2 with a device control function that is a communication terminal device.
- a device control function that is a communication terminal device.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the power consuming device is assumed to be a household electrical appliance for the sake of easy understanding.
- the figure is connected to the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 installed in the building 3 according to the present embodiment, the home appliances 4 to 7 that use the power supplied by the outlet 8, and the home appliances 4 to 7.
- the relationship with the electric power meter 2 with a device control function is illustrated.
- the power meter 2 with a device control function can be connected to the home appliances 4 to 7 with a serial interface cable such as USB (Universal Serial Bus), or can be built into the home appliances 4 to 7. It is.
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- the specific home appliances 4 to 7 to be subjected to power measurement include, for example, an electric kettle, an air conditioner, a TV, a microwave oven, and an electric vacuum cleaner.
- Each of the home appliances 4 to 7 is a “network home appliance” corresponding to a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) standard such as 802.15.4 (ZigBee), for example, turning on / off the power and setting various operation states. For example, it is possible to remotely control and adjust with a home controller.
- a wireless LAN Local Area Network
- 802.15.4 ZigBee
- communication is performed between the home appliances 4 to 7 and the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 in accordance with the wireless LAN standard 802.15.4.
- the power consumption information collection device 1 corresponds to the “communication device” described in the claims
- the power meter 2 with device control function corresponds to the “communication terminal device” described in the claims.
- the power consumption collection system including the power consumption information collection device 1 and the device control function-equipped power meter 2 corresponds to the “communication system” described in the claims.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 includes a management packet generation unit 100 and a communication processing unit 110.
- the communication processing unit 110 includes a transmission unit 111 and a reception unit 112.
- the management packet generation unit 100 includes terminal identification information indicating the power meter with device control function 2 that is permitted to transmit data within a predetermined period among the plurality of power meters with device control function 2 that are a plurality of communication terminal devices. And a priority index indicating the priority of data permitted to be transmitted within the predetermined period. Note that the management packet generation unit 100 may generate a management packet for each period, or may generate a management packet including terminal identification information and a priority index corresponding to each of two or more periods. .
- the management packet generation unit 100 determines a priority index corresponding to the state of the device controlled by the power meter with device control function 2 indicated by the data received by the reception unit 112 of the communication processing unit 110, and the determined priority A management packet including a degree index is generated. Details of the management packet generator 100 will be described later.
- the communication processing unit 110 communicates with the power meter 2 with the device control function, transmits data to the power meter 2 with the device control function, and also consumes power from the power meter 2 with the device control function such as the home appliances 4 to 7 Receives data indicating the status of the data collection target device, packet collision information, and the like.
- the transmission unit 111 and the reception unit 112 included in the communication processing unit 110 will be described.
- the transmission unit 111 transmits the management packet generated by the management packet generation unit 100 to the plurality of power meters 2 with a device control function.
- the receiving unit 112 receives data within a predetermined period from the power meter 2 with device control function determined from the terminal identification information and the priority index among the plurality of power meters 2 with device control function. Specifically, the receiving unit 112 receives data from the first communication terminal apparatus indicated by the terminal identification information and the second communication terminal apparatus holding the priority data indicated by the priority index within a predetermined period. If the transmission is permitted, the data is received from the second communication terminal device.
- the receiving unit 112 preferentially applies the power meter 2 with a device control function that holds high priority data. Receive high priority data.
- the reception unit 112 has at least one of power consumption data, hot water storage amount, power generation amount, remaining battery level, and operation mode of the device as data indicating the state of the device controlled by the power meter 2 with device control function. Receive data containing. Furthermore, the receiving unit 112 detects a collision of data transmitted from the plurality of power meters 2 with a device control function.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the management packet generation unit 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the management packet generation unit 100 includes a power measurement unit 101, a data holding unit 102, a power consumption change amount calculation processing unit 103, a power consumption collection determination transmission processing unit 105, a collection / control determination processing unit 106, A home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 and an allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 are provided.
- the power measurement unit 101 measures and acquires the power consumption value of the power consumption data collection target device such as the home appliances 4 to 7 from a distribution board or the like.
- the power consumption change amount calculation processing unit 103 calculates a power change amount that is a change amount of the power consumption value of the power consumption data collection target device from the data acquired via the reception unit 112 of the communication processing unit 110.
- the data holding unit 102 is a memory that stores the power consumption value acquired by the power measurement unit 101 and the power change amount calculated by the power consumption change amount calculation processing unit 103.
- the collection / control determination processing unit 106 acquires the power consumption value and the power change amount from the data holding unit 102, and determines whether it is necessary to change the power consumption data collection target device and control the home appliance. Note that the collection / control determination processing unit 106 can also acquire the power change amount directly from the power consumption change amount calculation processing unit 103.
- the home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 selects a home appliance whose operation state is to be changed as necessary from the amount of power change of the home appliance capable of suppressing power consumption, and the power with device control function of the selected home appliance is selected as a control target.
- a control command is transmitted to the meter 2 via the transmission unit 111 of the communication processing unit 110.
- the selection of home appliances to be controlled here is not limited to the amount of power change, and may be controlled using a usage frequency based on usage time, a parameter based on prioritization based on prior settings, or the like.
- the home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 has a function of dynamically specifying the collection priority of information necessary for controlling home appliances for each home appliance. For example, the home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 transmits a terminal activation report data to the power consumption information collection device 1 when the home appliance is activated to a household appliance with high power consumption that is not in operation. Specify to set. Alternatively, the home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 specifies that a high priority index is set when the home appliance transmits at least the following data.
- notification data when the amount of hot water in the fuel cell hot water storage facility reaches a specific level notification data when the amount of power generated by the solar cell drops to a specific level, when the remaining amount of the storage battery reaches a specific level
- Notification data notification data when the hot water storage capacity of the natural refrigerant heat pump water heater reaches a specific level
- notification data when the amount of power generated by the fuel cell reaches a specific level low power consumption operation mode for home appliances
- the home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 may dynamically specify a specific priority for specific data in a specific home appliance instead of a fixed value for the priority index of each data.
- the power consumption collection determination transmission processing unit 105 transmits power consumption data in either the competition period or the centralized control period depending on the power consumption amount of the power consumption data collection target device determined by the collection / control determination processing unit 106. Decide what should be collected over time.
- the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 assigns “assigned device of each GTS as allocation information in the centralized control period of the target device that collects data within the centralized control period determined by the power consumption collection determination transmission processing unit 105. ID, position and length of start time slot of each GTS ”. That is, the assigned device ID of each GTS is a terminal indicating the power meter 2 with device control function that is permitted to transmit data in each GTS among the plurality of power meters 2 with device control function installed in a plurality of home appliances. Identification information.
- the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 uses the packet collision information obtained by the communication processing unit 110 to set an interruptible priority index that is a priority index capable of interrupting each GTS.
- the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 sets the interruptable priority index, assuming that the priority index is small if the data priority is high.
- the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 sets the same priority to a plurality of GTSs so that, for example, high priority data can be transmitted preferentially in setting the interruptible priority index in each GTS. It is also possible to set the index continuously or periodically.
- the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 is a collision index that is a priority index of a packet that collided from “GTS in which a packet collision has occurred” that is packet collision information obtained by the receiving unit 112 of the communication processing unit 110. Specify the priority index, and set the same priority index as the collision priority index specified for multiple GTSs continuously or periodically to increase the success rate of packet transmission for the conflicted priority index. Etc. are also possible.
- the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 preferentially transmits data to high priority data by dynamically setting the interruptible priority index of each GTS within the centralized control period. Can be earned. Also, the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 can reduce the collision rate between interrupt packets by using the interrupt packet collision information and setting the interruptible priority index of each GTS.
- the allocation period priority index setting processing unit 108 includes a management packet including terminal identification information indicating the power meter 2 with a device control function of the home appliance allocated to each GTS, and an interruptible priority index in each GTS. Is transmitted to the transmission unit 111.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of the power meter 2 with a device control function in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the power meter 2 with device control function includes a determination unit 200 and a communication processing unit 210.
- the communication processing unit 210 includes a transmission unit 211 and a reception unit 212.
- the determining unit 200 determines whether or not the own device has obtained permission to transmit data from the terminal identification information and the priority index included in the management packet received by the receiving unit 212 of the communication processing unit 210.
- the determination unit 200 determines whether or not the own device has obtained data transmission permission by comparing the terminal identification information included in the management packet with the terminal identification information of the own device.
- the determination unit 200 compares the priority index included in the management packet with the priority index of the data that the device itself intends to transmit, and the priority indicated by the priority index of the data that the device itself intends to transmit. When the degree is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, it is determined that the own apparatus has obtained data transmission permission. Detailed description of the determination unit 200 will be described later.
- the communication processing unit 210 communicates with the communication processing unit 110 of the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 to transmit and receive data.
- the transmission unit 211 and the reception unit 212 included in the communication processing unit 210 will be described.
- the transmission unit 211 transmits the data within a predetermined period when the determination unit 200 determines that the own device has obtained permission to transmit data.
- the transmission unit 211 receives power consumption information from the power meter 2 with a device control function of another household electrical appliance before data transmission. It is determined whether data is transmitted to the collection device 1. And when the transmission part 211 determines with data transmitting from the electric power meter 2 with an equipment control function of another household appliance, it does not transmit data, but the electric meter with an equipment control function of other household appliances If it is determined that the data is not transmitted from 2, the data is transmitted.
- the transmission unit 211 transmits the data without performing the above determination.
- the detailed description of the transmission unit 211 will be described later.
- the receiving unit 212 indicates terminal identification information indicating the power meter 2 with a device control function of a home appliance that is permitted to transmit data within a predetermined period, and the priority of the data permitted to be transmitted within the predetermined period.
- a management packet including the priority index indicated is received from the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of the determination unit 200 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the determination unit 200 includes a power measurement unit 201, a data holding unit 202, a received frame analysis processing unit 203, a power consumption measurement value transmission processing unit 205, a home appliance control unit 206, a transmission determination unit 207, and packet generation. Part 208 is provided.
- the received frame analysis processing unit 203 analyzes the data received from the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 via the receiving unit 212 of the communication processing unit 210, and transmits the power consumption data transmission interval, measurement data accuracy, measurement sampling frequency, Information such as the type of transmission data is transmitted to the power consumption measurement value transmission processing unit 205.
- the received frame analysis processing unit 203 transmits the home appliance control and setting commands received from the power consumption information collection device 1 via the reception unit 212 to the home appliance control unit 206.
- the received frame analysis processing unit 203 transmits the terminal identification information and the priority index included in the management packet received from the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 via the receiving unit 212 to the transmission determining unit 207.
- the home appliance control unit 206 executes and responds to commands for controlling and setting home appliances received from the received frame analysis processing unit 203.
- the home appliance control unit 206 transmits device control history, setting patterns, reservation schedule information, device specific information, status, and the like to the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 via the reception unit 212 according to an instruction from the user. It also has a function.
- specific examples of device status vary depending on the device. For example, as specific examples of the state of the device, the state of the hot water storage facility of the fuel cell, the amount of power generated by the solar cell, the remaining amount of the storage battery, the state of the hot water storage facility of the natural refrigerant heat pump water heater, the amount of power generated by the fuel cell, etc.
- the power measuring unit 201 measures power consumption data of home appliances.
- the data holding unit 202 is a memory that stores power consumption data of home appliances measured by the power measuring unit 201.
- the power consumption measurement value transmission processing unit 205 reads the power consumption data of the home appliance measured by the power measurement unit 201 from the data holding unit 202, and receives the transmission interval of the power consumption data from the reception frame analysis processing unit 203.
- the packet generation unit 208 generates a packet including data such as the state of the home appliance received from the home appliance control unit 206 and the power consumption data received from the power consumption measurement value transmission processing unit 205. Then, the packet generation unit 208 transmits the generated packet to the transmission unit 211 so as to transmit data to the power consumption information collection device 1 according to the transmission interval received from the power consumption measurement value transmission processing unit 205.
- a data priority index is set by the transmission determination unit 207 to the data that the packet generation unit 208 transmits to the power consumption information collection device 1.
- the transmission determination unit 207 according to the state of the household electrical appliance indicated by the data including at least one of the power consumption data of the household electrical appliance controlled by the device, the amount of stored hot water, the amount of power generation, the remaining battery level, and the operation mode, A priority index of data to be transmitted to the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 is determined. That is, the transmission determination unit 207 refers to the priority index information corresponding to the data type specified by the home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 of the power consumption information collection device 1, and sets the priority index of data to be transmitted.
- the transmission determination unit 207 compares the priority index included in the management packet received from the received frame analysis processing unit 203 with the priority index of the data that the device itself intends to transmit, and the device itself tries to transmit. If the priority indicated by the priority index of the existing data is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, it is determined that the own device has obtained data transmission permission.
- the transmission determination unit 207 compares the terminal identification information included in the management packet received from the received frame analysis processing unit 203 with the terminal identification information of the own device, so that the own device has obtained permission to transmit data. Determine whether or not.
- the transmission determination unit 207 sets the data priority index based on the priority index information corresponding to the type of data specified by the power consumption information collection device 1, but the transmission determination The unit 207 may autonomously set the priority index.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the transmission unit 211 of the communication processing unit 210 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the communication processing unit 210 includes the reception unit 212 and the transmission unit 211, and as illustrated in the figure, the transmission unit 211 includes the transmission control unit 303, the backoff control unit 304, and the transmission processing unit 305. It has.
- the reception unit 212 identifies a packet received from the transmission unit 111 of the communication processing unit 110 of the power consumption information collection device 1. If the received packet is a beacon, the reception unit 212 extracts information on the beacon and sends it to the transmission control unit 303. Pass the extracted data. In addition, if the received packet is addressed to its own device, the reception unit 212 passes the received data to the reception frame analysis processing unit 203.
- the transmission control unit 303 transmits transmission data that is data received from the transmission determination unit 207 and the packet generation unit 208 to the back-off control unit 304 or the transmission processing unit 305. Further, the transmission control unit 303 sets the carrier sense time using the extracted data received from the reception unit 212. The detailed configuration of the transmission control unit 303 will be described later.
- the transmission processing unit 305 immediately transmits the transmission data received from the transmission control unit 303.
- the back-off control unit 304 delivers the transmission data to the transmission unit if the channel is idle after performing carrier sense at the carrier sense time set by the transmission control unit 303. Further, the back-off control unit 304 notifies the transmission control unit 303 if the channel is busy.
- the back-off control unit 304 determines whether data is transmitted from the power meter with device control function 2 of another household electrical appliance to the power consumption information collection device 1 before data transmission. When the back-off control unit 304 determines that data is transmitted from the power meter 2 with device control function of another home appliance (the channel is busy), the data is not transmitted, If it is determined that the data is not transmitted from the power meter 2 with a device control function of the home appliance (the channel is idle), the data is transmitted.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of the transmission control unit 303 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmission control unit 303 includes a transmission permission determination unit 401 and a centralized control period transmission unit 403.
- the same components as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the transmission permission determination unit 401 refers to the superframe information included in the extracted data received from the reception unit 212 and the determination result by the transmission determination unit 207, and determines the transmission period of transmission data.
- the transmission permission determination unit 401 determines that transmission data is transmitted within the centralized control period when the transmission determination unit 207 determines from the terminal identification information that its own device has obtained data transmission permission. Further, when the transmission determination unit 207 determines from the priority index that the own device has obtained data transmission permission, the transmission permission determination unit 401 determines to perform transmission transmission interruption during the concentration period.
- the transmission permission determination unit 401 determines to transmit transmission data within the centralized control period or to perform transmission transmission interruption within the centralized period, the transmission permission determination unit 401 passes the transmission data to the centralized control period transmission unit 403.
- the central control period transmission unit 403 backs off the back-off time and the transmission data based on the transmission algorithm within the central control period. It passes to the control unit 304.
- the central control period transmission unit 403 transmits transmission data based on the interrupt transmission algorithm within the central control period. To pass.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a frame structure of the wireless communication system in the first embodiment.
- the channel is divided into a competition period (CAP) and a centralized control period (CFP) as in the superframe of the 802.15.4 standard.
- CAP competition period
- CCP centralized control period
- each terminal shall communicate using an autonomous distributed multiplex communication system, for example, slotted CSMA / CA.
- the terminal when the terminal wants to transmit data within the centralized control period, it applies to the base station (power consumption information collecting apparatus 1) within the competition period.
- the base station returns permission / denial results to the application terminal.
- priority control within the centralized control period which is a feature of the present invention, will be described.
- a plurality of allocation periods (Guaranteed Time Slot / GTS) are provided, and one carrier sense slot is provided at the head of each GTS.
- the base station periodically transmits a beacon.
- the beacon information includes at least the superframe length (number of time slots), the start time slot of the centralized management period (CFP), and the GTS allocation information “number of GTS, length of individual GTS, start time. Slot, assigned terminal ID, priority index of data that can be transmitted other than the assigned terminal ”, and the like.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the management packet generator 100 transmits terminal identification information indicating the power meter 2 with a device control function that is permitted to transmit data within a predetermined period, and transmission within the predetermined period.
- a management packet including a priority index of permitted data is generated (S92).
- the transmission unit 111 transmits the management packet generated by the management packet generation unit 100 to all the power meters 2 with device control function (S94).
- the receiving part 112 receives data within the predetermined period from the electric power meter 2 with a device control function determined from terminal identification information and a priority index (S96).
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a transmission period determination algorithm performed by the power meter 2 with a device control function according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the receiving unit 212 of the power meter 2 with device control function receives a management packet from the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 (S101).
- the determination unit 200 of the power meter 2 with device control function determines the priority of the data to be transmitted (S104).
- the determination unit 200 determines whether or not the priority indicated by the priority index of data to be transmitted by the own device is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet. .
- the determination unit 200 determines that the priority of the data to be transmitted is lower than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet (“low” in S104), there is a slot allocation in the own apparatus. It is determined whether or not (S106). That is, the determination unit 200 determines whether or not the own device has obtained permission to transmit data by comparing the terminal identification information included in the management packet with the terminal identification information of the own device.
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data during the assigned period within the central control period (S116). If the determination unit 200 determines that no slot is allocated to the own device (NO in S106), the transmission unit 211 transmits data within the competition period (S108).
- the determination unit 200 determines that the priority of data to be transmitted is higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet (“high” in S104), the current superframe position is concentrated. It is determined whether or not it is during the control period (S110).
- the determination unit 200 determines that the current superframe position is in the competition period (NO in S110) If the determination unit 200 determines that the current superframe position is in the competition period (NO in S110), the determination unit 200 transmits data within the competition period regardless of whether or not the slot is allocated (S108).
- the determination unit 200 determines whether there is a slot assignment in the own device (S112).
- the determination unit 200 determines that there is a slot assignment in the own device (YES in S112), the determination unit 200 calculates a time (delay time) until the period assigned to the own device comes, and the delay time gives priority to data. It is determined whether it is within the range of the allowable delay accompanying the degree (S114).
- the transmission unit 211 waits until the period allocated to the own device comes, and within the central control period Data is transmitted (S116). The details of the process in which the transmission unit 211 transmits data within the centralized control period will be described later.
- the transmission unit 211 performs interrupt transmission within the centralized control period (S118). Note that details of processing in which the transmission unit 211 performs interrupt transmission within the centralized control period will be described later.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by power meter 2 with a device control function according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the device control function-equipped power meter 2 that has decided to perform interrupt transmission within the centralized control period using the above transmission period determination algorithm transmits data according to the following interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period.
- the transmission unit 211 of the power meter 2 with device control function that performs interrupt transmission refers to the information of the beacon and assigns it to another device equal to the priority index of the data transmitted by the own device.
- the presence / absence of an allocation period (hereinafter referred to as interrupt GTS) is determined (S202).
- the transmission unit 211 When it is determined that there is an interrupt GTS (“Yes” in S202), the transmission unit 211 immediately transmits data (hereinafter referred to as an interrupt packet) to the interrupt GTS (S204).
- the transmission unit 211 determines whether or not the NACK packet notified from the power consumption information collection device 1 has been received after transmitting the interrupt packet (S206).
- the transmission unit 211 terminates the process because it has transmitted an interrupt packet to the power consumption information collection device 1.
- the transmission unit 211 determines that a NACK packet has been received (YES in S206)
- the transmission unit 211 determines that the interrupt packet transmitted by the own device has collided with the interrupt packet of another device, and again determines whether there is an interrupt GTS. (S208).
- the transmission unit 211 determines whether or not to transmit using the collision avoidance algorithm before transmitting an interrupt packet again to avoid packet collision (S210).
- the collision avoidance algorithm may be a conventional packet collision avoidance algorithm.
- p-persistent can be used as a collision avoidance algorithm.
- the terminal generates a random number, and if the generated random number is larger than a specific p, the terminal that generated the random number transmits a packet. If the generated random number is smaller than the p, the terminal that generated the random number waits for the next interrupt GTS.
- a terminal that transmits a packet may be randomly selected from a plurality of interrupt GTS candidates.
- the transmission unit 211 determines that transmission is possible by the collision avoidance algorithm (“transmission is possible” in S210)
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data to the interrupt GTS (S204). If the transmission unit 211 determines that transmission is not possible by the collision avoidance algorithm (“transmission is not possible” in S210), the transmission unit 211 determines again whether or not there is an interrupt GTS (S202).
- the transmission unit 211 determines that there is no interrupt GTS (“No” in S202 or “No” in S208), the transmission unit 211 determines that there is no interrupt GTS equal to the priority index of data transmitted by the own device ( In S202, “No” is determined), and it is determined whether or not there is a slot assignment in the own apparatus (S212).
- the transmitting unit 211 determines that there is no slot allocation in the own device (“No” in S212)
- the transmitting unit 211 performs data communication within the competition period of the next frame (S216).
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data during the assignment period of the own apparatus (S214).
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining a transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the device control function-equipped power meter 2 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the power meter with device control function 2 that has decided to transmit data during the central control period using the transmission period determination algorithm and the interrupt transmission algorithm within the central control period transmits data according to the following transmission algorithm within the central control period. Do.
- the transmission unit 211 of the power meter 2 with device control function waits until the GTS period assigned to the own device comes (S302), and when the assigned GTS period comes, the data is transferred. Prior to transmission, carrier sense of one time slot is performed (S304).
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data (S306). If the channel is busy (“busy” in S304), the transmission unit 211 ends the process and performs the transmission period determination algorithm process illustrated in FIG. 10 again.
- priority data is interrupted within the centralized control period based on the priority and allowable delay of the data using the transmission period determination algorithm. Decide whether to send.
- interrupt transmission is determined within the centralized control period, data is transmitted during a GTS period equal to the priority index of transmission data using an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period.
- the power meter with device control function 2 that normally transmits within the centralized control period can prevent packet collision with the interrupt terminal by performing carrier sense before transmission, and preferentially transmits high priority data. be able to.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating scenario 1 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the configurations in the scenario are a base station (power consumption information collection device 1), terminal A, terminal B, and terminal C (power meter 2 with device control function).
- the base station allocates GTS1 to terminal A and GTS2 to terminal B by a beacon. Further, it is assumed that the interruptible priority index is set to 1 for GTS1, and the interruptable priority index is set to 2 for GTS2.
- the base station generates a management packet including terminal identification information and a priority index corresponding to each of two or more GTS periods, and transmits the management packet to each terminal.
- Terminal C has no transmission of GTS, but has transmission data with a priority index of 1.
- Terminal C refers to the beacon information, determines that the interruptible priority index of GTS1 is equal to the priority index of the transmission data of its own terminal, and immediately transmits data when the superframe reaches the position of GTS1.
- Terminal A performs carrier sense for one time slot before transmitting data when the superframe is at the position of GTS1 assigned to the terminal itself. While terminal A carries out carrier sense, the channel is detected as busy by data transmission from terminal C, and data transmission is interrupted, so that collision with terminal C's packet can be avoided.
- terminal B detects that the channel is idle after carrier sensing, and transmits data.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining scenario 2 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the configuration in the scenario includes a base station (power consumption information collection device 1), and terminal A, terminal B, terminal C, terminal D, terminal E, terminal F (power meter 2 with device control function). ).
- the base station assigns GTS1 to terminal A by beacon, assigns GTS2 to terminal B, assigns GTS3 to terminal C, and assigns GTS4 to terminal D. Further, it is assumed that an interruptable priority index: 1 is set for GTS1, an interruptable priority index: 2 is set for GTS2, an interruptable priority index: 1 is set for GTS3, and an interruptable priority index: 2 is set for GTS4. Terminals E and F have no transmission of GTS, but have transmission data with a priority index of 1.
- Terminals E and F refer to the beacon information, determine that the interruptible priority index of GTS1 is equal to the priority index of the transmission data of the own terminal, and immediately transmit data when the superframe is at the position of GTS1. .
- Terminal A detects that the channel is busy and stops transmitting.
- the base station detects an error in the received packet and transmits a NACK packet.
- terminal B detects that the channel is idle after carrier sensing, and transmits data.
- Terminals E and F refer to the beacon information again, and determine that the interruptible priority index of GTS3 is equal to the priority index of the transmission data of its own terminal, but because the packet transmitted immediately before has collided, in GTS3, Apply collision avoidance algorithm.
- the terminal E determines that transmission is possible by the collision avoidance algorithm, and transmits data.
- Terminal F determines that transmission is not possible using the collision avoidance algorithm, and stops transmitting data.
- the terminal C detects that the channel is busy by carrier sense and cancels data transmission, whereby the data of the terminal E can be transmitted without colliding with the data of the terminal C.
- the terminal D detects that the channel is idle after carrier sensing, and transmits data.
- the transmission period determination algorithm is used to determine whether priority data is interrupted and transmitted within the centralized control period based on the priority and allowable delay of the data. can do.
- interrupt transmission is determined within the centralized control period
- data transmission is performed during a GTS period equal to the priority index of transmission data using an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period.
- a terminal that normally transmits within the centralized control period can prevent packet collision with an interrupting terminal by performing carrier sense before transmission, and can transmit data with high priority with priority. Further, when a packet collision occurs between interrupt terminals, a packet collision between interrupt terminals can be avoided by using a collision avoidance algorithm.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wireless communication method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- a mode in which the present invention is applied to a general polling system is shown.
- the superframe of Embodiment 2 includes a central control period and a competition period.
- the centralized control period starts from a beacon that is information indicating the head of the superframe and extends to a centralized control period end notification packet.
- the central control period end notification packet includes at least the length information of the competition period.
- the competition period starts from the centralized control period end notification packet and ends up to the length described in the centralized control period end notification packet.
- the terminal wants to transmit data during the centralized control period (polling period) as in the first embodiment
- the terminal for example, an autonomous distributed wireless communication method, for example, CSMA / Using CA
- the base station power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 is reserved for polling.
- the base station permits or disallows registration of the polling list to the wireless terminal making a polling reservation, and notifies the wireless terminal.
- the terminal refers to the polling reservation permission result and transmits data using a transmission period determination algorithm described later.
- the base station transmits a beacon to the terminal, and the beacon notifies the start of the central control period.
- the information on the polling list may be included in the beacon or may be notified by a separate packet.
- the base station collects data by not allocating slots to each terminal, but instead notifies the terminal that wants to collect data of a polling trigger. That is, the base station transmits polling triggers in the order of terminals on the polling list.
- the polling trigger includes at least an ID of a wireless terminal that is permitted to transmit data and an interruptible priority index.
- the management packet generation unit 100 of the power consumption information collection device 1 transmits the terminal identification information indicating the power meter with device control function 2 that is permitted to transmit data within a predetermined period and the transmission within the predetermined period.
- a polling trigger including a priority index of permitted data is generated as a management packet.
- the configuration of the power consumption collection system (power consumption information collection device 1 and device control function-equipped power meter 2) in the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the power consumption collection system in the first embodiment. Detailed description of the configuration is omitted. Also, the processing performed by the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 in the second embodiment is the same as that described in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining a transmission period determination algorithm performed by the power meter 2 with a device control function according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the receiving unit 212 of the power meter 2 with device control function receives a polling trigger as a management packet from the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 (S401).
- the determination unit 200 of the power meter 2 with device control function determines the priority of the data to be transmitted (S404).
- the determination unit 200 determines whether or not the priority indicated by the priority index of data to be transmitted by the own device is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet. .
- the determination unit 200 determines that the priority of the data to be transmitted is lower than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet (“low” in S404), the own device has succeeded in the polling reservation. It is determined whether or not (S406). That is, the determination unit 200 determines whether or not the own device has obtained permission to transmit data by comparing the terminal identification information included in the management packet with the terminal identification information of the own device.
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data in the allocated period within the central control period (S416).
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data within the competition period (S408).
- the determination unit 200 determines that the priority of data to be transmitted is higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet (“high” in S404), the current superframe position is concentrated. It is determined whether or not it is during the control period (S410).
- the determination unit 200 determines that the current superframe position is in the competition period (NO in S410) If the determination unit 200 determines that the current superframe position is in the competition period (NO in S410), the determination unit 200 transmits data within the competition period regardless of whether or not the device itself is on the polling list. (S408).
- the determination unit 200 determines whether or not the own apparatus has succeeded in the polling reservation (S412).
- the determination unit 200 determines that the own device has succeeded in the polling reservation (YES in S412), the determination unit 200 calculates the time (delay time) until the own device's polling trigger comes, and the delay time is the priority of the data. It is determined whether or not it is within the allowable delay range associated with (S414).
- the transmission unit 211 waits until the polling trigger of the own device comes and concentrates on the polling trigger of the own device. Data is transmitted within the control period (S416). The details of the process in which the transmission unit 211 transmits data within the centralized control period will be described later.
- the transmission unit 211 performs interrupt transmission within the centralized control period (S418). Note that details of processing in which the transmission unit 211 performs interrupt transmission within the centralized control period will be described later.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter 2 with a device control function according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the power meter with device control function 2 that has decided to perform interrupt transmission within the centralized control period using the transmission period determination algorithm in the above-described second embodiment performs data transmission according to the following interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period. Send.
- the transmission unit 211 of the power meter 2 with device control function that performs interrupt transmission refers to the polling trigger information, and the polling trigger equal to the priority index of the data to be transmitted by the own device It is determined whether or not there is an interrupt trigger (S502).
- the transmission unit 211 When it is determined that there is an interrupt trigger (“Yes” in S502), the transmission unit 211 immediately transmits data (hereinafter referred to as an interrupt packet) to the interrupt trigger (S504).
- the transmission unit 211 determines whether or not the NACK packet notified from the power consumption information collection device 1 has been received after transmitting the interrupt packet (S506).
- the transmission unit 211 terminates the process because it has transmitted an interrupt packet to the power consumption information collection device 1.
- the transmission unit 211 determines that a NACK packet has been received (YES in step S506), the transmission unit 211 determines that the interrupt packet transmitted by the own device has collided with the interrupt packet of another device, and again determines whether there is an interrupt trigger. (S508).
- the transmission unit 211 determines whether transmission is possible using the collision avoidance algorithm before transmitting an interrupt packet again in order to avoid packet collision (S510).
- the collision avoidance algorithm may be a conventional packet collision avoidance algorithm.
- p-persistent can be used as a collision avoidance algorithm.
- the terminal generates a random number, and if the generated random number is larger than a specific p, the terminal that generated the random number transmits a packet. If the generated random number is smaller than the p, the terminal that generated the random number waits until the next interrupt trigger. Or you may decide to select the terminal which transmits a packet at random from several interrupt trigger candidates.
- the transmission unit 211 determines that transmission is possible by the collision avoidance algorithm (“transmission is possible” in S510)
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data to the interrupt trigger (S504). If the transmission unit 211 determines that transmission is not possible by the collision avoidance algorithm (“transmission is not possible” in S510), the transmission unit 211 determines again whether or not there is an interrupt trigger (S502).
- the transmission unit 211 determines that there is no interrupt trigger (“No” in S502 or “No” in S508), the transmission unit 211 determines that there is no interrupt trigger equal to the priority index of the data transmitted by the own device ( The process of the transmission period determination algorithm shown in FIG. 16 is performed again (S512).
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart for explaining a transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter 2 with a device control function in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the power meter 2 with a device control function that has determined transmission of data within the central control period using the transmission period determination algorithm in the second embodiment transmits data according to the following transmission algorithm within the central control period.
- the transmission unit 211 of the power meter 2 with device control function waits until a polling trigger of the own device comes (S602), and when the polling trigger of the own device comes, before transmitting data Then, carrier sense for one time slot is performed (S604).
- the transmission unit 211 transmits data (S606). If the channel is busy (“busy” in S604), the transmission unit 211 waits for the next polling trigger of the own device.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a scenario performed by the power consumption collection system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the management packet generation unit 100 sets a collision priority index that is a priority index of the collided data.
- the management packet in the period after the collision is detected is generated using the acquired collision priority index as the priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected.
- the configurations in the scenario are a base station (power consumption information collection device 1), and terminal A, terminal B, terminal C, terminal D, and terminal E (power meter 2 with device control function). .
- the base station notifies all terminals of the start of the centralized control period using a beacon.
- Terminals A and B are terminals for which polling reservation is successful.
- Terminals C, D, and E are terminals for which polling reservation fails, but terminals C and D have transmission data with a priority index of 2.
- Terminal E has transmission data with a priority index of 1.
- the terminal order of the polling list managed by the base station is assumed to be terminals A and B.
- the base station After transmitting the beacon, the base station refers to the polling list, generates a polling trigger packet for terminal A, sets an interruptible priority index 1, and transmits a polling trigger.
- the base station according to the second embodiment of the present invention can dynamically set the interruptable priority index of the polling trigger packet, similarly to the base station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the terminal E When the terminal E receives the polling trigger packet, the terminal E detects that the interruptable priority index described in the polling trigger is equal to the priority index of the transmission data of its own terminal, and determines that it is an interrupt trigger. Send.
- the terminal A receives the polling trigger of its own terminal, but by detecting the carrier before performing data transmission according to the transmission algorithm within the above-described centralized control period, the channel A detects that the channel is busy and cancels data transmission. . For this reason, the data of the priority index 1 of the terminal E can be transmitted without colliding with the data of the terminal A.
- the base station After returning the ACK packet to the terminal E, the base station transmits the polling trigger packet to the terminal A again.
- the interruptable priority index is set to 1, but since the base station can dynamically set the priority index, a priority index other than 1 may be set.
- the interruptable priority index is 1, no interrupt packet is generated, and the terminal A can transmit data after carrier sensing.
- the base station generates a polling trigger packet for terminal B, sets the interruptible priority index to 2, and transmits a polling trigger.
- Terminals D and E receive the polling trigger, determine that it is an interrupt trigger of their own terminal, and immediately transmit data. At this time, since terminals D and E transmit data at the same time, packet collision occurs.
- the base station detects a packet collision with an interruptible priority index 2 and transmits a NACK packet, and then transmits a polling trigger packet with an interruptible priority index 2 to terminals C and D again.
- Terminals C and D receive the NACK packet, know that the packet transmitted by the terminal itself has collided, and introduce a packet collision avoidance algorithm before transmitting data so as not to cause repeated packet collisions.
- the packet collision avoidance algorithm described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention may be used.
- p-persistent may be used as a packet collision avoidance algorithm.
- the terminals C and D generate random numbers, and if the random number of the terminal C is smaller than a specific p, the data transmission is set as the next interrupt trigger. Further, if the random number of the terminal D is larger than a specific p, the packet is transmitted. Thereby, the packet is transmitted only to the terminal D, and packet collision can be avoided.
- the base station After receiving the terminal D packet, the base station transmits an ACK packet and a polling trigger.
- This polling trigger includes information of the polling terminal ID “B” and the interruptable priority index “2”.
- the base station since the base station has detected that a packet collision has occurred in the previous polling trigger, it can be seen that at least two terminals hold data with a priority index of 2. Therefore, by continuously specifying the interruptable priority index “2”, a chance to transmit the data of the remaining priority index “2” is given.
- Terminal C receives the polling trigger, determines that it is an interrupt trigger of its own terminal, and transmits data. Then, after transmitting the ACK of terminal C, the base station transmits a polling trigger packet including information on terminal B and the interruptible priority index “2”.
- Terminal B performs carrier sensing for one slot, and then detects that the channel is idle and transmits data. After transmitting the ACK to the terminal B, the base station transmits the centralized control period end notification packet to notify the start of the competition period because it has reached the last terminal in the polling list and there is no interrupt terminal.
- the transmission period determination algorithm is used to determine whether priority data is interrupted and transmitted within the centralized control period based on the priority and allowable delay of the data. To do.
- interrupt transmission is determined within the centralized control period
- data transmission is performed during a GTS period equal to the priority index of transmission data using an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period.
- a terminal that normally transmits within the centralized control period can prevent packet collision with an interrupting terminal by performing carrier sense before transmission, and can transmit data with high priority with priority. Further, when a packet collision occurs between interrupt terminals, a packet collision between interrupt terminals can be avoided by using a collision avoidance algorithm.
- the base station can preferentially transmit high priority data by specifying the priority index of the collided packet and dynamically specifying the interruptable priority index of the polling trigger.
- the management packet generation unit 100 is a case where the reception unit 112 detects a collision of data transmitted from a plurality of terminals, and has the highest priority of the collision priority index that is the priority index of the collided data. If it is not the highest priority index shown, after the collision is detected, the priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected is repeated from the highest priority index to the collision priority index. It is also possible to generate a management packet during this period.
- the collision priority index is “2” and the highest priority index is “1”. Is set to “1”, “2”, “1”, “2” repeatedly.
- the base station can receive packets from the terminals D and E where the collision has occurred, and can also receive data having a higher priority than the packets.
- the determination unit 200 of the communication terminal device in the first and second embodiments compares the priority index included in the received management packet with the priority index of the data that the device is trying to transmit, and the device transmits it. If the priority indicated by the priority index of the data to be attempted is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, it is determined that the own device has obtained permission to transmit data, and the transmission unit When it is determined that the device has permission to transmit data, the data is transmitted.
- priorities are set in advance for high priority events (notification data or control commands), and a specific short signal (hereinafter referred to as a short-term signal) is assigned to each set event. By transmitting only the short-term signal, which is an extremely short signal, instead of a normal wireless communication packet, the band can be used effectively.
- the communication terminal device generates preset high priority data, and the determination unit 200 of the communication terminal device determines that the own device has obtained transmission permission from the priority index of the transmission data and the content of the management packet.
- a preset short-term signal is transmitted. Since the short-term signal is a signal having a short transmission time, when the carrier sense time of another communication terminal device is sufficiently long, the transmission time of the short-term signal becomes shorter than the carrier sense time of the other communication terminal device, and carrier sense is performed.
- the other communication terminal apparatus determines that the carrier is not used and can start transmission. Therefore, the communication device can receive data from the communication terminal device that has obtained transmission permission based on the priority data or the short-term signal and the terminal identification information.
- the power consumption information collecting device 1 needs to monitor the output of the battery in real time and control the power consumption of the home appliance according to the output level.
- the battery output can be monitored by collecting power consumption information because the battery output can be purchased from the grid. It is not important for the device 1. Instead, the power consumption information collection device 1 needs to monitor the power consumption of other devices so that the total power consumption does not exceed the limit value.
- the priority index is linked to the amount of change in power consumption, and interrupts are made according to the operating status of the power collection system “single operation, linked operation” and the current power consumption and available power (limit value) of the system.
- Priority index lowest priority index-power change x influence coefficient
- the power change value is a value at which power changes when a specific event occurs. For example, the power value purchased from the power system when the battery output stops (output before stopping), the power consumption generated when the home appliance changes the operation mode, and the like.
- the influence coefficient is a coefficient indicating the influence of the system on the change in power.
- the power change value is multiplied by the influence coefficient to convert it into a priority index. That is, the priority index is determined by the power change value. The larger the power change value is, the higher the priority is, and it is possible to receive with higher priority.
- the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 calculates a power change value in a specific operation mode and setting condition using the past operation mode and setting condition of each home appliance and the power consumption generated at that time. For example, when the cleaner switches from the power-off mode to the power-on mode, the generated power consumption is used as the power change value, and the priority index is calculated from Equation 1 above.
- the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 uses the priority index obtained by the above formula 1, the event (switching from the power-off mode to the power-on mode), and information including the short-term signal that is a specific short signal to the vacuum cleaner. Transmit and instruct the cleaner to transmit the specified priority index and short-term signal when the event occurs.
- the power consumption information collection device 1 notifies each device of a calculation method of a priority index accompanying a power change instead of designating an event and a priority index in advance to each home appliance, and each home appliance operates its own device. It is also possible to calculate the amount of power change that occurs each time the mode is changed and to set the priority index independently. For example, when the storage battery stops outputting, the power change amount between the output before stopping and the output after stopping is calculated, and the priority index is calculated independently. Therefore, the larger the amount of power change due to the output stop of the storage battery, the higher the event notification is transmitted.
- the same configuration as the configuration of the power consumption collection system in the first embodiment is used for and the description is omitted or simplified.
- the description of the configuration of “the communication processing unit 110 of the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1, the determination unit 200 of the power meter 2 with device control function and the receiving unit 212 of the communication processing unit 210” is omitted, and a new The “management packet generation unit and transmission unit (transmission control unit)” including the constituent elements will be described below.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the management packet generation unit 100a according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted or simplified.
- a newly added component is a priority index management unit 501.
- the priority index management unit 501 When the priority index management unit 501 receives the event set by the home appliance control transmission processing unit 107 and the priority index for the event, the priority index management unit 501 assigns a short-term signal that is a specific short signal to the corresponding event, Generate and store priority index management information.
- the event is terminal data held by the power meter with device control function 2 as information indicating the state of the device controlled by the power meter with device control function 2 which is a communication terminal device.
- the priority index management unit 501 calculates the power meter 2 with a device control function from the lowest priority index that is the highest priority index and indicates the lowest priority, as shown in the above formula 1.
- the priority index is calculated by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying the amount of power change when the device controlled by the device performs the operation indicated by the terminal data (event) by a predetermined coefficient.
- the priority index management unit 501 associates terminal data held by the power meter 2 with device control function, a priority index indicating the priority of the terminal data, and a short-term signal for identifying the terminal data.
- the priority index management information is stored as a priority index management table 501a described later.
- the priority index management unit 501 transmits the priority index management table 501a to the power meter 2 with device control function related to the event via the transmission unit 111. That is, the transmission unit 111 transmits the priority index management table 501a to the power meter 2 with a device control function that holds the terminal data.
- the collection / control determination processing unit 106 refers to the priority index management table 501a held by the priority index management unit 501 and identifies the event that has occurred.
- the management packet generation unit 100a sets a collision priority index that is a priority index of the collided short-term signals.
- the management packet in the period after the collision is detected is generated using the acquired collision priority index as the priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected.
- the receiving unit 112 is a terminal having a priority level in which transmission of data from the first communication terminal apparatus indicated by the terminal identification information is permitted within a predetermined period, and transmission is permitted within the predetermined period.
- the second communication terminal apparatus holds the data, the short-term signal for identifying the terminal data within a short period before the transmission period in which the data is transmitted from the first communication terminal apparatus in the predetermined period Is received from the second communication terminal device.
- the first communication terminal device and the second communication terminal device are any one of the plurality of power meters 2 with a device control function.
- the receiving unit 112 receives data from the first communication terminal apparatus after receiving a short-term signal from the second communication terminal apparatus within the short-term period within the predetermined period. Moreover, the receiving part 112 detects the collision of the short-term signal transmitted from the some communication terminal device.
- the transmission unit 111 transmits a control signal to the power meter 2 with device control function to be controlled, which is obtained from the terminal data identified by the short-term signal. That is, when the reception unit 112 receives a short-term signal, the transmission unit 111 refers to the priority index management table 501a and obtains power with device control function to be controlled obtained from terminal data associated with the short-term signal. A control signal is transmitted to the meter 2.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a configuration of the transmission control unit 303a according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted or simplified.
- a newly added component is a priority index information holding unit 502.
- the priority index information holding unit 502 indicates information related to the priority index notified by the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 that is a communication device “event content, event priority, specific short-term signal assigned to the event”.
- the priority index management table 501a is received from the transmission permission determination unit 401 and held.
- the receiving unit 212 receives the priority index management table 501a from the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1, and stores the received priority index management table 501a in the priority index information holding unit 502. That is, the reception unit 212 passes the priority information received from the communication device to the transmission permission determination unit 401, and the transmission permission determination unit 401 performs the transmission permission determination based on the priority information, and the priority Is stored in the priority index information holding unit 502.
- the determination unit 200 compares the priority index included in the management packet received by the reception unit 212 with the priority index of the data that the device itself intends to transmit, and the priority index of the data that the device itself intends to transmit. Is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, it is determined that the own device has obtained permission to transmit data.
- the transmission unit 211a transmits a short-term signal for identifying terminal data, which is data of priority indicated by the priority index, to the communication device when it is determined that the own device has obtained permission to transmit data. That is, the transmission unit 211a refers to the priority index management table 501a and transmits a short-term signal associated with the terminal data to the communication device.
- the centralized control period transmission unit 403 of the transmission unit 211a when the transmission permission is obtained from the transmission permission determination unit 401 by the priority index, the priority index stored in the priority index information holding unit 502 The short-term signal is transmitted with reference to the management table 501a.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of the priority index management table 501a according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the priority index management table 501a identifies terminal data (event) held by the power meter 2 with device control function, a priority index indicating the priority of the terminal data, and the terminal data. It is a collection of information associated with short-term signals.
- the terminal data is information indicating the state of the home appliance controlled by the power meter 2 with a device control function. That is, the home electric appliance to be controlled is determined by the terminal data, and the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 transmits a control signal to the electric power meter 2 with an appliance control function so as to control the electric home appliance.
- the short-term signal is a signal with a short transmission time determined corresponding to the terminal data.
- the short-term signal is a specific short signal such as a 4-byte preamble sequence included in the packet.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wireless communication system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the present embodiment another embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the 802.15.4 standard will be described.
- the channel is divided into a competition period (CAP) and a centralized control period (CFP) as in the superframe of the 802.15.4 standard.
- CAP competition period
- CCP centralized control period
- each terminal shall communicate using an autonomous distributed multiplex communication system, for example, slotted CSMA / CA.
- the terminal when the terminal wants to transmit data within the centralized control period, it applies to the base station (power consumption information collecting apparatus 1) within the competition period.
- the base station returns permission / denial results to the application terminal.
- priority control within the centralized control period which is a feature of the present invention, will be described.
- a plurality of allocation periods (Guaranteed Time Slot / GTS) are provided, and one carrier sense slot is provided at the head of each GTS. Time other than the carrier sense slot in the GTS is set as a planned slot.
- the length of the carrier sense slot must be longer than the time (interrupt slot) required to transmit a short-term signal that is a specific short signal.
- the communication device transmits beacons periodically.
- the beacon information includes at least the length of the superframe (number of time slots), the start time slot of the centralized control period (CFP), and the GTS allocation information “number of GTS, length of individual GTS, start time. Slot, assigned terminal ID, priority index of data that can be transmitted other than the assigned terminal ”, and the like.
- FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the step which performs the same process as FIG. 9 is abbreviate
- the priority index management unit 501 of the management packet generation unit 100a has a priority index management table in which priority and specific short-term signal contents are described for each high priority event. 501a is generated (S90).
- the transmission part 111 transmits the content of the priority index management table 501a to the related electric power meter 2 with a device control function (S91).
- the management packet generator 100a includes terminal identification information indicating the power meter 2 with a device control function that is permitted to transmit data within a predetermined period, and priority of data that is permitted to be transmitted within the predetermined period.
- a management packet including the degree index is generated (S92).
- the transmission part 111 transmits the management packet which the management packet generation part 100a produced
- FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing an example of a collision avoidance process performed by the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the receiving unit 112 of the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 detects the occurrence of an interrupt slot collision, which is a short-term signal transmitted from the plurality of power meters with device control function (S97).
- the management packet generation unit 100a identifies a collision priority index that is a priority index of a short-term signal in which a collision has occurred (S98), and refers to the priority index management table 501a from the identified collision priority index.
- the collision terminal is specified (S99).
- the management packet generation unit 100a identifies the electronic pot 1 and the dryer as collision terminals.
- the management packet generation unit 100a assigns slots to both collision terminals with the identified collision priority index as the priority index included in the management packet in the generation of the next management packet (S100). Thereby, a collision can be avoided.
- FIG. 26 is a flowchart for explaining an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter 2 with a device control function according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals are used for the processes similar to those in FIG. 11, and the description thereof is omitted or simplified. Specifically, instead of the process of transmitting data to the interrupt GTS (S204 in FIG. 11), the process of transmitting a short-term signal to the interrupt slot (S203) is performed.
- the transmission unit 211a of the power meter 2 with device control function that performs interrupt transmission refers to beacon information, and is assigned to another device that is equal to the priority index of the data transmitted by the device itself (hereinafter, Whether or not there is an interrupt (GTS) is determined (S202).
- the transmission unit 211a When determining that there is an interrupt GTS (“Yes” in S202), the transmission unit 211a immediately transmits a short-term signal to the interrupt slot (S203). For other processes thereafter, the same process as in FIG. 11 is performed.
- the priority and tolerance of the data are determined using the transmission period determination algorithm (FIG. 10) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Based on the delay, it is determined whether or not to interrupt-transmit a short-term signal corresponding to the priority data within the central control period.
- the device control function-equipped power meter 2 that normally transmits within the centralized control period performs carrier sense before transmission.
- carrier sense is not performed. May be. That is, the process of S304 in FIG. 12 may not be performed, and data may be transmitted to the planned slot in FIG.
- the carrier sense slot is set at the head of the GTS, the carrier sense slot may be set at the end of the GTS.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating scenario 1 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the receiving unit 112 receives data from another communication terminal device after receiving a short-term signal from one communication terminal device within a predetermined period.
- the configurations in the scenario are a base station (power consumption information collection device 1), terminal A, terminal B, and terminal C (power meter 2 with device control function).
- the base station allocates GTS1 to terminal A and GTS2 to terminal B by a beacon. Further, it is assumed that the interruptible priority index is set to 1 for GTS1, and the interruptable priority index is set to 2 for GTS2.
- the base station generates a management packet including terminal identification information and a priority index corresponding to each of two or more GTS periods, and transmits the management packet to each terminal.
- Terminal C has no transmission of GTS, but has transmission data with a priority index of 1.
- Terminal C refers to the beacon information, determines that the interruptible priority index of GTS1 is equal to the priority index of transmission data of its own terminal, and responds to a predetermined event as soon as the superframe is at the position of GTS1. Make certain short-term signal transmissions.
- Terminal A performs carrier sense for one time slot before transmitting data when the superframe is at the position of GTS1 assigned to the terminal itself.
- the terminal A detects that the temporary channel is busy by transmitting the short-term signal of the terminal C during the carrier sense, but since the transmission time of the terminal C is shorter than the time of the carrier sense, when the terminal C finishes the transmission, the channel Is detected as idle and data can be transmitted.
- the base station can receive the short-term signal corresponding to the high priority data and the data of the allocated terminal to the same GTS, so that the transmission delay is small and a high channel utilization rate can be obtained.
- terminal B detects that the channel is idle after carrier sensing, and transmits data.
- the same effect can be obtained even if the terminal A and the terminal B transmit data to the planned slot without performing carrier sense.
- the terminal A may transmit data immediately after the terminal C finishes transmitting the short-term signal without waiting for the carrier sense time to elapse.
- the second communication terminal apparatus determines the predetermined period within a short period before the transmission period in which data is transmitted from the first communication terminal apparatus.
- a short-term signal that identifies terminal data with a priority that is permitted to be transmitted is received, and a control signal is transmitted to the communication terminal device to be controlled obtained from the terminal data identified by the short-term signal. That is, the power consumption information collection device 1 receives a short-term signal identifying terminal data with high priority from the second communication terminal device within a short-term period before the data transmission period from the first communication terminal device. Can do. For this reason, the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 can receive the short-term signal without affecting the data transmission in the transmission period. Thereby, even if there is a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, the power consumption information collection device 1 has a high priority when data with a high priority is generated in another communication terminal device. A signal for identifying the data can be received.
- the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 receives data from the first communication terminal apparatus after receiving a short-term signal from the second communication terminal apparatus within a short-term period within a predetermined period. That is, the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 receives a short-term signal for identifying high-priority data from the second communication terminal apparatus, and also transmits data permitted to be transmitted within a predetermined period from the first communication terminal apparatus. Can be received.
- the power consumption information collection device 1 is a case where there is a first communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, and when high priority data is generated in the second communication terminal device, Information indicating the high priority data can be received from the second communication terminal apparatus, and data can also be received from the first communication terminal apparatus.
- the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 calculates a priority index by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying a predetermined coefficient by the amount of power change of the home appliance controlled by the power meter 2 with a device control function from the lowest priority index. To do. That is, the priority index is calculated so that the priority increases as the power change amount of the home appliance increases. Thereby, the power consumption information collection device 1 can preferentially acquire the operation information of the home appliance with a large amount of power change as information for adjusting the power consumption.
- the priority indicated by the priority index of the data to be transmitted by the own device is the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet. If it is equal to or higher than this, it is determined that the device itself has obtained permission to transmit data, and a short-term signal identifying the data is transmitted. Thereby, even if there is another power meter 2 with device control function assigned to transmit data, the power meter 2 with device control function can be used when the high priority data is generated in its own device. A short-term signal identifying high priority data can be transmitted.
- the power meter 2 with device control function receives the priority index management table 501a from the power consumption information collection device 1, refers to the received priority index management table 501a, and refers to the short-term signal associated with the terminal data. Is transmitted to the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1. That is, the device control function-equipped power meter 2 can acquire a short-term signal associated with terminal data having a high priority by referring to the priority index management table 501a received from the power consumption information collection device 1. Therefore, a short-term signal associated with the terminal data can be transmitted to the power consumption information collection device 1.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating scenario 2 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the transmission unit 111 refers to the priority index management table 501a and is a communication terminal device to be controlled obtained from terminal data associated with the short-term signal. A control signal is transmitted to.
- the base station receives a short-term signal from terminal C and data from terminal A in GTS1. Then, the base station transmits a control signal to the power meter 2 with device control function (terminal C in the figure) to be controlled while the terminal B performs carrier sense in the GTS2.
- the priority index management table 501a is referred to and control obtained from terminal data associated with the short-term signal is obtained.
- a control signal is transmitted to the target power meter 2 with a device control function.
- the power meter 2 with device control function receives the priority index management table 501a transmitted by the power consumption information collection device 1, and the power meter 2 with device control function refers to the received priority index management table 501a.
- the short-term signal associated with the terminal data with high priority is transmitted to the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1.
- the power consumption information collection device 1 refers to the priority index management table 501a, acquires terminal data associated with the received short-term signal, and controls the device control function to be controlled obtained from the acquired terminal data
- a control signal can be transmitted to the attached power meter 2.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating scenario 3 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the configurations in the scenario are a base station (power consumption information collection device 1), and terminal A, terminal B, terminal C, terminal D, and terminal E (power meter 2 with device control function). .
- the base station assigns GTS1 to terminal A by using a beacon, assigns GTS2 to terminal B, and assigns GTS3 to terminal C. Further, it is assumed that an interruptable priority index: 1 is set for GTS1, an interruptible priority index: 1 is set for GTS2, and an interruptable priority index: 1 is set for GTS3. Terminals D and E have no GTS assignment but have transmission data with a priority index of 1.
- Terminals D and E refer to the beacon information, determine that the interruptible priority index of GTS1 is equal to the priority index of the transmission data of their own terminals, and immediately determine a predetermined event when the superframe is at the position of GTS1. A specific short-term signal corresponding to is transmitted.
- Terminal A performs carrier sense for one time slot before transmitting data when the superframe is at the position of GTS1 assigned to the terminal itself. While the terminal A performs carrier sense, the temporary channel is detected to be busy by transmitting short-term signals from the terminals D and E, but the terminals D and E transmit because the transmission time of the terminals D and E is shorter than the carrier sense time. When the process is finished, the channel is detected as idle, and data can be transmitted.
- terminals D and E perform simultaneous transmission, a short-term signal collision occurs. For this reason, the base station detects an error in the received short-term signal and transmits an ACK packet only to the terminal A.
- Terminals D and E determine that a short-term signal collision has occurred because they do not receive ACK packets for their own terminals.
- the terminals D and E refer to the beacon information again and determine that the interruptible priority index of the GTS2 is equal to the priority index of the transmission data of the own terminal, but since the short-term signal transmitted immediately before has collided, the GTS2 Apply a collision avoidance algorithm.
- the collision avoidance algorithm determines that the terminal D can transmit, and transmits a short-term signal.
- Terminal E determines that transmission is not possible by the collision avoidance algorithm, and stops transmitting data.
- the terminal B detects that the temporary channel is busy by transmitting a short-term signal from the terminal D during the carrier sense. However, since the transmission time of the terminal D is shorter than the time of the carrier sense, the channel is changed when the terminal D finishes the transmission. It is possible to transmit data by detecting an idle state.
- the base station correctly receives the short-term signal of terminal D and the packet of terminal B, and transmits an ACK packet to both terminals.
- the terminal E determines that transmission is possible by the collision avoidance algorithm, and transmits a short-term signal.
- the terminal C detects that the temporary channel is busy by transmitting a short-term signal from the terminal E during the carrier sense, but since the transmission time of the terminal E is shorter than the time of the carrier sense, the channel is changed when the terminal E finishes the transmission. It is possible to transmit data by detecting an idle state.
- a short-term signal corresponding to the priority data is interrupted within the centralized control period based on the priority and allowable delay of the data using the transmission period determination algorithm. Whether or not to transmit can be determined. If it is determined to perform interrupt transmission within the centralized control period, a short-term signal is transmitted during a GTS period equal to the priority index of transmission data using an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period. Further, when a packet collision occurs between interrupt terminals, a packet collision between interrupt terminals can be avoided by using a collision avoidance algorithm.
- the base station receives a short-term signal from terminals D and E by resetting the interruptible priority index of GTS2 and GTS3 to 1. can do.
- FIGS 30 and 31 are diagrams for explaining scenario 4 performed by the power consumption collection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the priority index management unit 501 includes a priority index management table in which information indicating a communication terminal apparatus holding terminal data is associated with a priority index and a short-term signal. 501b is stored.
- the management packet generation unit 100a refers to the priority index management table 501b and sends a predetermined period of time to the second communication terminal device that is a communication terminal device associated with the short-term signal. Allow transmission of data within subsequent subsequent periods.
- the receiving unit 112 receives terminal data identified by the short-term signal from the second communication terminal device within the subsequent period.
- the transmission unit 111 transmits a control signal to the communication terminal device to be controlled obtained from the terminal data received by the reception unit 112.
- the base station receives a short-term signal from terminal C and data from terminal A in GTS1.
- the base station assigns GTS2 to the terminal C by a beacon in order to receive the transmission data of the priority index 1 from the terminal C in the GTS2, and sets the interruptible priority index in the GTS2 to 1.
- the second communication terminal device (terminal C) associated with the short-term signal is given a predetermined period (GTS1). Transmission of data within the subsequent subsequent period (GTS2) is permitted, and terminal data identified by the short-term signal is received from the second communication terminal apparatus (terminal C) within the subsequent period (GTS2). That is, the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 can receive terminal data with high priority identified by the short-term signal after receiving the short-term signal.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wireless communication scheme in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same method as in the third embodiment “sends a short-term signal to an interrupt slot” and shows a mode in which the present invention is applied to a general polling system. That is, the length of the carrier sense slot is longer than the time (interrupt slot) required to transmit the short-term signal.
- the superframe of the fourth embodiment includes a central control period and a competition period.
- the centralized control period starts from a beacon that is information indicating the head of the superframe and extends to a centralized control period end notification packet.
- the central control period end notification packet includes at least the length information of the competition period.
- the competition period starts from the centralized control period end notification packet and ends up to the length described in the centralized control period end notification packet.
- the terminal wants to transmit data during the centralized control period (polling period) as in the first embodiment
- the terminal for example, an autonomous distributed wireless communication method, for example, CSMA / Using CA
- the base station power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 is reserved for polling.
- the base station permits or disallows registration of the polling list to the wireless terminal making a polling reservation, and notifies the wireless terminal.
- the terminal refers to the polling reservation permission result and transmits data using the transmission period determination algorithm (FIG. 16) of the second embodiment.
- the base station transmits a beacon to the terminal, and the beacon notifies the start of the central control period.
- the information on the polling list may be included in the beacon or may be notified by a separate packet.
- the base station collects data by not allocating slots to each terminal, but instead notifies the terminal that wants to collect data of a polling trigger. That is, the base station transmits polling triggers in the order of terminals on the polling list.
- the polling trigger includes at least an ID of a wireless terminal that is permitted to transmit data and an interruptible priority index.
- the management packet generation unit 100a of the power consumption information collection device 1 transmits the terminal identification information indicating the power meter 2 with a device control function that is permitted to transmit data within a predetermined period and the transmission within the predetermined period.
- a polling trigger including a priority index of permitted data is generated as a management packet.
- the configuration of the power consumption collection system (power consumption information collection device 1 and device control function-equipped power meter 2) in the fourth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the power consumption collection system in the third embodiment. Detailed description of the configuration is omitted. Also, the processing performed by the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 in the fourth embodiment is the same as that described in the third embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the transmission period determination process performed by the power meter 2 with device control function in the fourth embodiment is the same as the transmission period determination algorithm (FIG. 16) in the second embodiment of the present invention, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 33 is a flowchart for explaining an interrupt transmission algorithm within the centralized control period performed by the power meter 2 with a device control function according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmission unit 211a of the power meter 2 with device control function that performs interrupt transmission refers to the polling trigger information, and is a polling trigger (hereinafter, interrupt trigger) that is equal to the priority index of data to be transmitted by the own device. (S502).
- the transmission unit 211a When it is determined that there is an interrupt trigger (“Yes” in S502), the transmission unit 211a immediately transmits a short-term signal set in advance corresponding to the priority (event) to the interrupt slot after the interrupt trigger (S503). ). For other processes thereafter, the same process as in FIG. 11 is performed.
- the priority and tolerance of the data are determined using the transmission period determination algorithm (FIG. 16) according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Based on the delay, it is determined whether or not the short-term signal corresponding to the priority data is interrupted and transmitted within the centralized control period.
- an interrupt transmission algorithm (FIG. 33) within the central control period is used to correspond to a predetermined event in a polling trigger equal to the priority index of transmission data. Send short-term signals.
- the power meter 2 with device control function that normally transmits within the centralized control period performs carrier sense before transmission, but since the interrupt slot is shorter than the carrier sense slot, it can be determined that the carrier is not used. Transmission is possible.
- the device control function-equipped power meter 2 that normally transmits within the centralized control period performs carrier sense before transmission.
- carrier sense is not performed. May be. That is, data transmission may be performed in the planned slot in FIG. 32 without performing the processing in S604 in FIG.
- the carrier sense slot is set before the planned slot, but the carrier sense slot may be set after the planned slot.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram for explaining a scenario performed by the power consumption collection system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the management packet generation unit 100a when the reception unit 112 detects a collision of short-term signals transmitted from the plurality of device control function-equipped power meters 2, is a collision priority that is a priority index of the collided short-term signals. The index is acquired, and the terminal that has collided is identified based on the acquired collision priority index.
- the management packet generation unit 100a uses the acquired collision priority index as the priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected, and the management packet in the period after the collision is detected. Generate. That is, the management packet generation unit 100a generates a polling trigger packet for the terminal that has collided to avoid a collision, and sets the interruptable priority index to the collision priority index.
- the configurations in the scenario are a base station (power consumption information collection device 1), and terminal A, terminal B, terminal C, terminal D, and terminal E (power meter 2 with device control function). .
- the base station notifies all terminals of the start of the centralized control period using a beacon.
- Terminals A and B are terminals for which polling reservation is successful.
- Terminals C, D, and E are terminals for which polling reservation fails, but terminal C has transmission data with a priority index of 1.
- Terminals D and E are assumed to have transmission data with a priority index of 2.
- the terminal order of the polling list managed by the base station is assumed to be terminals A and B.
- the base station After transmitting the beacon, the base station refers to the polling list, generates a polling trigger packet for terminal A, sets an interruptible priority index 1, and transmits a polling trigger.
- the base station according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention can dynamically set the interruptable priority index of the polling trigger packet, similarly to the base station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the terminal C When the terminal C receives the polling trigger packet, the terminal C detects that the interruptable priority index described in the polling trigger is equal to the priority index of the transmission data of its own terminal, determines that it is an interrupt trigger, A short-term signal set in advance corresponding to the priority (event) is transmitted to the interrupt slot after the trigger.
- Terminal A receives the polling trigger of its own terminal, and performs carrier sense before transmitting data according to the transmission algorithm within the centralized control period of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the terminal A detects that the temporary channel is busy by transmitting a short-term signal from the terminal C during the carrier sense, but since the transmission time of the terminal C is shorter than the time of the carrier sense, the channel is changed when the terminal C finishes the transmission. It is possible to transmit data by detecting an idle state.
- the base station After returning the ACK packet to the terminals A and C, the base station generates and transmits a polling trigger packet having a priority index 2 with the terminal B that is the next polling target.
- Terminals D and E receive the polling trigger, determine that it is an interrupt trigger of their own terminal, and immediately transmit a short-term signal to the interrupt slot after the interrupt trigger. At this time, since terminals D and E transmit short-term signals at the same time, short-term signal collision occurs.
- Terminal B performs the same processing as terminal A and transmits data.
- the base station detects a short-term signal collision with an interruptible priority index of 2 and transmits an ACK packet to terminal B, and then refers to the priority index management table to identify a terminal assigned the same priority index. . For example, when the same priority index is set for the terminals E and D in the priority index management table, the polling target is the terminal D for the next polling trigger packet so that the short-term signal collision can be avoided. Set the degree index to 2.
- the terminal D receives the polling trigger of its own terminal, and transmits data according to the transmission algorithm within the central control period.
- the terminal E receives the polling trigger, determines that it is an interrupt trigger of its own terminal, and immediately transmits a short-term signal to the interrupt slot after the interrupt trigger. In this way, since terminals D and E transmit to different slots, collision does not occur and both terminals succeed in transmission.
- a short-term signal corresponding to the priority data is interrupted within the centralized control period based on the priority and allowable delay of the data using the transmission period determination algorithm. Decide whether to send.
- the short-term signal is transmitted to the interrupt slot of the polling trigger equal to the priority index of the transmission data using the interrupt transmission algorithm within the central control period.
- a terminal that normally transmits within the centralized control period performs carrier sense before transmission. However, since the interrupt slot is shorter than the carrier sense slot, it can be determined that the carrier is not used, and data can be transmitted.
- the base station identifies the collision terminal from the collision priority index of the collided short-term signal and uses the collision priority index as the interruptable priority index of the polling trigger.
- the collision terminal By specifying the collision terminal as the polling target terminal, it is possible to preferentially transmit high priority data.
- the collision of the short-term signal transmitted from the power meter 2 with device control function is detected, and the priority index of the collided short-term signal is detected by the collision.
- the management packet is generated as a priority index included in the management packet in the period after the registration. That is, since the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 cannot receive the collided short-term signal, the management packet including the priority index of the collided short-term signal is generated in order to receive the short-term signal again after the collision.
- the power consumption information collection device 1 selects a home appliance with high power consumption, performs polling within a centralized control period so as to receive power consumption data with priority and certainty, and does not operate other low power consumption devices. By collecting data on the power consumption data of devices within the competition period, an efficient data collection method will be aimed for.
- polling shall be performed within the centralized control period in order to preferentially collect one electric pot, one electric microwave oven, one TV, and two air conditioners that are high power consumption home appliances in real time.
- Other low power consumption devices shall transmit power consumption data within the competition period.
- the allowable value of the main breaker of the building is 4000W.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing the power consumption of one electric kettle, one microwave oven, one TV, and two air conditioners.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing the power consumption of the vacuum cleaner.
- the total power consumption of one electric kettle, one microwave oven, one TV, and two air conditioners is approximately 3500W as shown in FIG. 35. This is a limitation when considering the power consumption of low-power consumption devices. It can be seen that the value approaches 4000 W.
- the vacuum cleaner does not operate until the user uses the vacuum cleaner, the vacuum cleaner does not appear on the polling list.
- power consumption data of the vacuum cleaner is transmitted within the competition period.
- the power consumption characteristic (current) of the vacuum cleaner increases from 0 A to 2 A in 50 ms immediately after starting, and then increases to 16 A after 50 ms. That is, the current consumption of 14 A or more increases in 50 ms.
- the parameters of the wireless system used for the home appliances 4 to 7 and the power consumption information collecting apparatus 1 are as follows.
- a management packet including terminal identification information and a priority index is transmitted to the communication terminal apparatus (power meter 2 with device control function), and Data is received from the communication terminal device determined from the terminal identification information and the priority index. That is, the communication device can receive data not only from a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data but also from a communication terminal device holding data of a predetermined priority. For this reason, even if there is a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when data with high priority is generated in another communication terminal device, the other communication terminal device has the high priority. Data can be received.
- the data related to the vacuum cleaner is set as high priority data
- the data related to the vacuum cleaner can be preferentially received, and the total power consumption exceeds the limit value and the breaker falls. This can be prevented.
- data is received preferentially from the communication terminal device holding the data of the priority indicated by the priority index, rather than the communication terminal device indicated by the terminal identification information. That is, the communication device receives data from a communication terminal device holding data of a predetermined priority instead of the communication terminal device assigned to transmit data. For this reason, even if there is a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when data with high priority is generated in another communication terminal device, the other communication terminal device has the high priority. Data can be received.
- a collision of data transmitted from the communication terminal apparatus is detected, and a management packet is generated using the priority index of the collided data as the priority index included in the management packet in the period after the collision is detected. . That is, since the communication device cannot receive the collided data, a management packet including the priority index of the collided data is generated in order to receive the data again after the collision. As a result, even when high priority data is generated in the communication terminal device and a collision occurs when the data is received, the high priority data that has collided can be received.
- a management packet is generated so that the priority index included in the management packet is repeated from the highest priority index to the collision priority index. That is, when there is data with a higher priority than the priority of the conflicted data, the data with the higher priority can be received preferentially. Thereby, when data with a higher priority than the priority of the collided data is generated in the communication terminal apparatus, the data with the higher priority can be received.
- a management packet including terminal identification information and a priority index corresponding to each of two or more periods is generated. For this reason, since the terminal identification information and the priority index for a plurality of predetermined periods can be included in the management packet, it is possible to easily set the data to be received.
- a priority index corresponding to the state of the device controlled by the communication terminal apparatus is determined, and a management packet including the determined priority index is generated. That is, when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state, the priority index is changed depending on the state of the device, such as setting a specific priority index. Thereby, data when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state can be preferentially received from the communication terminal device.
- the communication terminal device (power meter 2 with a device control function) according to the present invention, whether or not the own device has obtained permission to transmit data from the terminal identification information and the priority index included in the received management packet.
- the data is transmitted within a predetermined period. That is, the communication terminal apparatus can transmit data when the communication terminal apparatus is assigned to transmit data or is a communication terminal apparatus holding data with a predetermined priority. For this reason, even when the communication terminal device is not a communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when high priority data is generated, the communication terminal device can transmit the high priority data.
- the data transmitted by the power meter 2 with device control function connected to the vacuum cleaner is set as high priority data
- the data related to the vacuum cleaner can be transmitted with priority. It is possible to prevent the breaker from falling when the total power consumption exceeds the limit value.
- the own device determines whether or not the own device has obtained data transmission permission from the terminal identification information included in the management packet, and whether or not data has been transmitted from another communication terminal device to the communication device before data transmission. If it is determined that data is being transmitted from another communication terminal device, data transmission is not performed. That is, even if the communication terminal device is assigned to transmit data, the device does not transmit data when data is transmitted from another communication terminal device to the communication device. As a result, even if the communication terminal device is assigned to transmit data by itself, if high priority data is generated in another communication terminal device, the other communication terminal device has the higher Priority data can be transmitted preferentially.
- the priority indicated by the priority index of the data that the device intends to transmit is equal to or higher than the priority indicated by the priority index included in the management packet, it is determined that the device has obtained permission to transmit data.
- the data is transmitted. Thereby, even if there is another communication terminal device assigned to transmit data, when high priority data is generated in the own device, the high priority data can be transmitted.
- the priority index of data to be transmitted to the communication device it is determined whether or not the device has obtained permission to transmit data. That is, when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state, the priority index is changed depending on the state of the device, such as setting a specific priority index. Thereby, data when the device controlled by the communication terminal device is in a specific state can be preferentially transmitted to the communication device.
- the present invention can be realized not only as such a communication device or a communication terminal device, but also as a communication system including the communication device and the communication terminal device.
- the present invention can be realized as an integrated circuit including each processing unit constituting the communication device or the communication terminal device, or can be realized as a method using the processing of each processing unit as a step.
- the present invention can be realized as a program for causing a computer to execute these steps, a recording medium such as a computer-readable CD-ROM on which the program is recorded, or information, data, or a signal indicating the program. It can also be realized.
- These programs, information, data, and signals may be distributed via a communication network such as the Internet.
- the communication device, communication terminal device, and communication system according to the present invention are useful for power consumption collection systems and sensor network data collection systems.
- Power consumption information collection device (communication device) 2 Power meter with equipment control function (communication terminal equipment) 3 Building 4-7 Home Appliances 8 Outlet 100, 100a Management Packet Generation Unit 101 Power Measurement Unit 102 Data Holding Unit 103 Power Consumption Change Calculation Processing Unit 105 Power Consumption Collection Determination Transmission Processing Unit 106 Collection / Control Determination Processing Unit 107 Home Appliance Control Transmission processing unit 108 Allocation period priority index setting processing unit 110 Communication processing unit 111 Transmission unit 112 Reception unit 200 Determination unit 201 Power measurement unit 202 Data holding unit 203 Received frame analysis processing unit 205 Power consumption measurement value transmission processing unit 206 Home appliance control Unit 207 transmission determination unit 208 packet generation unit 210 communication processing unit 211, 211a transmission unit 212 reception unit 303, 303a transmission control unit 304 back-off control unit 305 transmission processing unit 401 transmission permission determination unit 403 centralized control period transmission unit 501 priority Index Management Department 5 1a, 501b priority index management table 502 priority index information holding unit
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態1では、通信装置である消費電力情報収集装置1が、通信端末装置である機器制御機能付電力メータ2を通して、建物内の各電力消費機器の消費電力を無線通信を用いて収集し、全電力消費機器の総消費電力が定められた制限値を超えないように、電力消費機器を制御するシステムを考える。
図15は、本発明の実施の形態2における無線通信方式のフレーム構造を示す図である。本実施の形態2では、一般のポーリング方式に本発明を適用した形態を示す。
上記実施の形態1及び2における通信端末装置の判定部200は、受信した管理パケットに含まれる優先度指数と、自装置が送信しようとしているデータの優先度指数とを比較し、自装置が送信しようとしているデータの優先度指数で示される優先度が、管理パケットに含まれる優先度指数で示される優先度以上の場合、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定し、送信部は、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定された場合、当該データの送信を行うこととした。しかし、本実施の形態3では、高い優先度のイベント(通知データまたは制御指令)に対して予め優先度を設定し、設定したイベント毎に特定の短い信号(以下、短期信号という)を割り当て、通常の無線通信パケットの代わりに極めて短い信号である当該短期信号のみを送信することで、帯域を有効に利用することができる。
係る構成によれば、機器制御機能付電力メータ2に高い優先度のデータが発生した場合、本発明の実施の形態1における送信期間判定アルゴリズム(図10)を用いて、データの優先度及び許容遅延に基づいて、優先データに対応する短期信号を集中制御期間内に割り込み送信するか否かを決定する。集中制御期間内に割り込み送信すると決定した場合、集中制御期間内の割り込み送信アルゴリズムを用いて、送信データの優先度指数に等しいGTS期間の割り込みスロットに予め決められたイベントに対応した短期信号の送信を行う。集中制御期間内に通常に送信する機器制御機能付電力メータ2は、送信する前にキャリアセンスするが、割り込みスロットがキャリアセンススロットより短いため、キャリアが使用されないと判断することができ、データの送信が可能となる。
図32は、本発明の実施の形態4における無線通信方式のフレーム構造を示す図である。本実施の形態4では、実施の形態3と同じ方法「割り込みスロットに短期信号を送信する」で、一般のポーリング方式に本発明を適用した形態を示す。つまり、キャリアセンススロットの長さは、短期信号を送信するのに必要な時間(割り込みスロット)より長くなっている。
パケットサイズ:固定長127バイト
タイムスロット:2.4ms(ミリ秒)
スーパーフレーム:64タイムスロット=154ms
2 機器制御機能付電力メータ(通信端末装置)
3 建物
4~7 家電機器
8 コンセント
100、100a 管理パケット生成部
101 電力測定部
102 データ保持部
103 消費電力変化量算出処理部
105 消費電力収集決定送信処理部
106 収集・制御判断処理部
107 家電制御送信処理部
108 割当期間優先度指数設定処理部
110 通信処理部
111 送信部
112 受信部
200 判定部
201 電力測定部
202 データ保持部
203 受信フレーム解析処理部
205 消費電力測定値送信処理部
206 家電制御部
207 送信判定部
208 パケット生成部
210 通信処理部
211、211a 送信部
212 受信部
303、303a 送信制御部
304 バックオフ制御部
305 送信処理部
401 送信許可判定部
403 集中制御期間送信部
501 優先度指数管理部
501a、501b 優先度指数管理表
502 優先度指数情報保持部
Claims (21)
- 複数の通信端末装置との間でデータの送受信を行う通信装置であって、
前記複数の通信端末装置のうち所定の期間内にデータの送信が許可される通信端末装置を示す端末識別情報と、前記所定の期間内に送信が許可されるデータの優先度を示す優先度指数とを含む管理パケットを生成する管理パケット生成部と、
生成された前記管理パケットを、前記複数の通信端末装置に送信する送信部と、
前記複数の通信端末装置のうち前記端末識別情報と前記優先度指数とから決定される通信端末装置から、前記所定の期間内にデータを受信する受信部と
を備える通信装置。 - 前記管理パケット生成部は、
前記通信端末装置が保持する端末データの優先度を示す前記優先度指数と、前記端末データを識別する短期信号とが対応付けられた優先度指数管理情報を記憶している優先度指数管理部を備え、
前記受信部は、前記端末識別情報で示される第1通信端末装置からデータの送信が前記所定の期間内に許可されている場合であって、前記所定の期間内に送信が許可される優先度の前記端末データを第2通信端末装置が保持している場合、前記所定の期間のうちの前記第1通信端末装置からデータが送信される送信期間より前の短期期間内に、前記端末データを識別する前記短期信号を前記第2通信端末装置から受信し、
前記送信部は、前記短期信号で識別される前記端末データから得られる制御対象の通信端末装置に制御信号を送信する
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記優先度指数管理部は、前記端末データを保持する通信端末装置を示す情報が、前記優先度指数と前記短期信号とにさらに対応付けられた前記優先度指数管理情報を記憶しており、
前記管理パケット生成部は、前記受信部が前記短期信号を受信した場合、前記優先度指数管理情報を参照し、前記短期信号に対応付けられた通信端末装置である前記第2通信端末装置に、前記所定の期間以降の後続期間内でのデータの送信を許可し、
前記受信部は、前記後続期間内に、前記第2通信端末装置から、前記短期信号で識別される前記端末データを受信し、
前記送信部は、前記受信部が受信した前記端末データから得られる制御対象の通信端末装置に前記制御信号を送信する
請求項2に記載の通信装置。 - 前記優先度指数管理部は、前記端末データが、前記優先度指数と前記短期信号とにさらに対応付けられた前記優先度指数管理情報を記憶しており、
前記送信部は、前記優先度指数管理情報を前記通信端末装置に送信するとともに、前記受信部が前記短期信号を受信した場合に、前記優先度指数管理情報を参照し、前記短期信号に対応付けられた前記端末データから得られる制御対象の通信端末装置に前記制御信号を送信する
請求項2に記載の通信装置。 - 前記優先度指数管理部は、最大の優先度指数であって最低の優先度を示す最低優先度指数から、前記通信端末装置が制御する機器が前記端末データで示される動作を行った場合の電力変化量に、所定の係数を乗じた値を減じることで、前記優先度指数を算出する
請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載の通信装置。 - 前記受信部は、前記所定の期間内において、前記短期期間内に前記第2通信端末装置から前記短期信号を受信した後、前記第1通信端末装置からデータを受信する
請求項2~5のいずれか1項に記載の通信装置。 - 前記受信部は、複数の前記通信端末装置から送信された短期信号の衝突を検出し、
前記管理パケット生成部は、前記衝突した短期信号の優先度指数である衝突優先度指数を取得し、取得した前記衝突優先度指数を、前記衝突が検出された後の期間での前記管理パケットに含まれる優先度指数として、前記衝突が検出された後の期間での前記管理パケットを生成する
請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載の通信装置。 - 前記受信部は、前記所定の期間内に、前記端末識別情報で示される第1通信端末装置と、前記優先度指数で示される優先度のデータを保持する第2通信端末装置とからデータの送信が許可されている場合、前記第2通信端末装置から当該データを受信する
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記受信部は、複数の前記通信端末装置から送信されたデータの衝突を検出し、
前記管理パケット生成部は、前記衝突したデータの優先度指数である衝突優先度指数を取得し、取得した前記衝突優先度指数を、前記衝突が検出された後の期間での前記管理パケットに含まれる優先度指数として、前記衝突が検出された後の期間での前記管理パケットを生成する
請求項8に記載の通信装置。 - 前記管理パケット生成部は、前記衝突優先度指数が最も高い優先度を示す最優先度指数でない場合、前記衝突が検出された後の期間での前記管理パケットに含まれる優先度指数として、前記最優先度指数から前記衝突優先度指数までが繰り返されるように、前記衝突が検出された後の期間での前記管理パケットを生成する
請求項9に記載の通信装置。 - 前記管理パケット生成部は、2以上の期間のそれぞれに対応した前記端末識別情報と前記優先度指数とを含む前記管理パケットを生成する
請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の通信装置。 - 前記受信部は、前記通信端末装置が制御する機器の状態を示すデータとして、当該機器の消費電力データ、貯湯量、発電量、電池の残量及び運転モードの少なくとも1つを含むデータを受信し、
前記管理パケット生成部は、前記受信部が受信するデータで示される当該機器の状態に応じた優先度指数を決定し、決定した前記優先度指数を含む前記管理パケットを生成する
請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の通信装置。 - 通信装置との間でデータの送受信を行う通信端末装置であって、
所定の期間内にデータの送信が許可される通信端末装置を示す端末識別情報と、前記所定の期間内に送信が許可されるデータの優先度を示す優先度指数とを含む管理パケットを、前記通信装置から受信する受信部と、
受信された前記管理パケットに含まれる前記端末識別情報と前記優先度指数とから、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たか否かを判定する判定部と、
前記判定部が、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定した場合、前記所定の期間内に当該データの送信を行う送信部と
を備える通信端末装置。 - 前記判定部は、前記受信部が受信した前記管理パケットに含まれる優先度指数と、自装置が送信しようとしているデータの優先度指数とを比較し、自装置が送信しようとしているデータの優先度指数で示される優先度が、前記管理パケットに含まれる前記優先度指数で示される優先度以上の場合、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定し、
前記送信部は、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定された場合、前記優先度指数で示される優先度のデータである端末データを識別する短期信号を、前記通信装置に送信する
請求項13に記載の通信端末装置。 - さらに、
前記端末データと、前記端末データの優先度を示す前記優先度指数と、前記端末データを識別する前記短期信号とが対応付けられた優先度指数管理情報を記憶するための優先度指数情報保持部を備え、
前記受信部は、前記通信装置から前記優先度指数管理情報を受信して、受信した前記優先度指数管理情報を前記優先度指数情報保持部に記憶させ、
前記送信部は、前記優先度指数管理情報を参照し、前記端末データに対応付けられた前記短期信号を、前記通信装置に送信する
請求項14に記載の通信端末装置。 - 前記判定部は、前記受信部が受信した前記管理パケットに含まれる端末識別情報と、自装置の端末識別情報とを比較することで、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たか否かを判定し、
前記送信部は、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定された場合、データの送信前に他の通信端末装置から前記通信装置へデータが送信されているか否かを判定し、他の通信端末装置からデータが送信されていると判定した場合は、データの送信を行わず、他の通信端末装置からデータが送信されていないと判定した場合は、データの送信を行う
請求項13に記載の通信端末装置。 - 前記判定部は、前記受信部が受信した前記管理パケットに含まれる優先度指数と、自装置が送信しようとしているデータの優先度指数とを比較し、自装置が送信しようとしているデータの優先度指数で示される優先度が、前記管理パケットに含まれる前記優先度指数で示される優先度以上の場合、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定し、
前記送信部は、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定された場合、当該データの送信を行う
請求項13に記載の通信端末装置。 - 前記判定部は、自装置が制御する機器の消費電力データ、貯湯量、発電量、電池の残量及び運転モードの少なくとも1つを含むデータで示される当該機器の状態に応じて、前記通信装置に送信するデータの優先度指数を決定することで、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たか否かを判定する
請求項17に記載の通信端末装置。 - 通信装置と複数の通信端末装置との間でデータの送受信を行う通信システムであって、
前記通信装置は、
前記複数の通信端末装置のうち所定の期間内にデータの送信が許可される通信端末装置を示す端末識別情報と、前記所定の期間内に送信が許可されるデータの優先度を示す優先度指数とを含む管理パケットを生成する管理パケット生成部と、
生成された前記管理パケットを、前記複数の通信端末装置に送信する送信部と、
前記複数の通信端末装置のうち前記端末識別情報と前記優先度指数とから決定される通信端末装置から、前記所定の期間内にデータを受信する受信部とを備え、
前記複数の通信端末装置のそれぞれは、
前記管理パケットを前記通信装置から受信する受信部と、
受信された前記管理パケットに含まれる前記端末識別情報と前記優先度指数とから、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たか否かを判定する判定部と、
前記判定部が、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定した場合、前記所定の期間内に当該データの送信を行う送信部とを備える
通信システム。 - 複数の通信端末装置との間でデータの送受信を行う通信装置の通信方法であって、
前記複数の通信端末装置のうち所定の期間内にデータの送信が許可される通信端末装置を示す端末識別情報と、前記所定の期間内に送信が許可されるデータの優先度を示す優先度指数とを含む管理パケットを生成する管理パケット生成ステップと、
生成された前記管理パケットを、前記複数の通信端末装置に送信する送信ステップと、
前記複数の通信端末装置のうち前記端末識別情報と前記優先度指数とから決定される通信端末装置から、前記所定の期間内にデータを受信する受信ステップと
を含む通信方法。 - 通信装置との間でデータの送受信を行う通信端末装置の通信方法であって、
所定の期間内にデータの送信が許可される通信端末装置を示す端末識別情報と、前記所定の期間内に送信が許可されるデータの優先度を示す優先度指数とを含む管理パケットを、前記通信装置から受信する受信ステップと、
受信された前記管理パケットに含まれる前記端末識別情報と前記優先度指数とから、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たか否かを判定する判定ステップと、
前記判定部が、自装置がデータの送信許可を得たと判定した場合、前記所定の期間内に当該データの送信を行う送信ステップと
を含む通信方法。
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