WO2012003749A1 - 一种分布式基站的天线校正方法及*** - Google Patents
一种分布式基站的天线校正方法及*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012003749A1 WO2012003749A1 PCT/CN2011/075123 CN2011075123W WO2012003749A1 WO 2012003749 A1 WO2012003749 A1 WO 2012003749A1 CN 2011075123 W CN2011075123 W CN 2011075123W WO 2012003749 A1 WO2012003749 A1 WO 2012003749A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
- H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology, and more particularly to an antenna correction method and system for a distributed base station.
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- the distributed base station device is composed of a baseband unit (BBU) and a remote radio unit (RRU). It is a combination of base stations that can be flexibly and distributedly installed.
- the RRU passes through the interface between the RRU and the BBU ( The interface of the Ir, Interface between the RRU and the BBU is connected to the BBU.
- the antenna array In order to ensure the correctness and reliability of the beamforming, the antenna array must be corrected to reduce the amplitude and phase error of each channel of the antenna array. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study antenna correction techniques.
- Time-varying error refers to the difference in amplifier phase and gain of each RF channel of the array as a function of temperature, aging of devices such as mixers, and filter time.
- the time-varying error of the antenna array is compensated by the production process and power calibration.
- the difference needs to be compensated by implementing an online antenna correction.
- TD-SCDMA Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
- the antenna correction (AC, Antenna Calibration) requires the use of frequency domain antenna correction.
- the BBU and RRU need to participate in the antenna calibration process. Therefore, the above-mentioned time domain antenna correction method is not applicable in the OFDM system, and the time domain antenna correction method is required to perform channel estimation in the time domain, and therefore, the hardware structure of the OFDM system is inconsistent or the hardware cost is improved. .
- the present invention provides an antenna correction method for a distributed base station, the method includes: when it is confirmed that both the RRU and the BBU can perform antenna correction, the BBU indicates that the correction starts, and sends a correction sequence to the RRU; the RRU receives the Correcting the sequence, and returning the received correction sequence to the BBU; the BBU obtains the correction result by the correction algorithm according to the correction sequence returned by the RRU.
- the BBU indicates that the correction starts, and the BBU sets the bottom-preset or pre-stored control word to receive correction or send correction, and sends the control word to the RRU to indicate uplink. Correction or downstream correction begins.
- the BBU sends a correction sequence to the RRU, including: The next radio frame after the start of the uplink correction, the BBU sends the correction sequence to the RRU; the BBU sends the correction sequence to the RRU in the next radio frame after the start of the downlink correction is indicated.
- the RRU receiving the correction sequence and returning the received correction sequence to the BBU includes: when performing uplink correction, the RRU receives the correction sequence, and receives the corrected sequence Returning to the BBU through a correction channel coupled to the receiving channel between the BBU and itself for transmitting uplink data; when performing downlink correction, the RRU receives the correction sequence and receives the corrected by the transmitting channel A sequence coupled to the correction channel is returned to the BBU.
- the RRU receiving the correction sequence includes: the RRU receiving a control word sent by the BBU, detecting a status of the control word; detecting that the status of the control word is a correction or a transmission Upon correction, the correction sequence is received.
- the BBU obtains a calibration result by using a correction algorithm according to the correction sequence returned by the RRU, including:
- the BBU And receiving, by the BBU, a correction result of the uplink correction by using a correction algorithm according to the received correction sequence when receiving the correction sequence returned by the RRU through the receiving channel; and, receiving the correction by receiving the RRU When the channel returns the correction sequence, the correction result of the downlink correction is obtained by the correction algorithm according to the received correction sequence.
- the method further includes: the BBU resetting the control word to be uncorrected, indicating that the uplink correction or the downlink correction ends .
- the method further includes: the BBU sending a correction end message to the RRU; the RRU receiving the correction end message, and The BBU returns a correction end response message.
- the confirming that both the RRU and the BBU can perform antenna correction including: The BBU determines that it can perform antenna correction according to its current state, and sends an antenna correction indication message to the RRU; the RRU receives the antenna correction indication message, and determines that the antenna correction can be performed according to its current state, to the BBU. Returning a successful response; the BBU receives the successful response returned by the RRU, and confirms that both the RRU and itself can perform antenna correction.
- the method before the acknowledgment that the RRU and the BBU can perform the antenna correction, the method further includes: the RRU initiating an antenna correction by sending an antenna correction request to the BBU; or the BBU according to its current state or Current needs to initiate antenna correction.
- the present invention also provides an antenna correction system for a distributed base station, the system comprising: an RRU and a BBU, wherein the BBU is used to confirm that the RRU and the self can perform antenna correction, indicating that the correction starts, and The RRU sends a correction sequence; and, according to the correction sequence returned by the RRU, the correction result is obtained by the correction algorithm; the RRU is configured to receive the correction sequence sent by the BBU, and return the received correction sequence to the BBU.
- the BBU includes: an acknowledgment unit, an indication unit, a sending unit, a first receiving unit, and a calculating unit, where the acknowledgment unit is configured to confirm that the RRU and the BBU can perform antenna correction by themselves; And a sending unit, configured to: when the acknowledgment unit confirms that the RRU and the BBU are capable of performing antenna correction, start a correction; and send, to the RRU, the next radio frame after the indication unit indicates that the calibration starts a correction sequence; a first receiving unit, configured to receive a correction sequence returned by the RRU; and a calculation unit, configured to obtain a calibration result by using a correction algorithm according to the correction sequence received by the first receiving unit.
- the indicating unit is further configured to: set the preset or pre-stored control word to receive correction or send correction, and send a control word set to receive correction or send correction to the RRU, Indicates that the up-correction or down-correction begins.
- the RRU includes: a second receiving unit and a sending unit, where the second receiving unit is configured to receive a correction sequence sent by the BBU, and a sending unit, configured to: The correction sequence received by the second receiving unit is returned to the BBU.
- the RRU further includes: a control word receiving unit and a detecting unit, where the control word receiving unit is configured to receive a control word sent by the indicating unit of the BBU; and the detecting unit is configured to detect the control a control word received by the word receiving unit, and when detecting that the state of the control word is a correction or a correction, the second receiving unit is enabled, so that the second receiving unit can receive the correction sequence sent by the BBU .
- the BBU indicates the start of the correction to the RRU through the control word, and sends a correction sequence to the RRU, and the RRU returns the received correction sequence to the BBU, and the BBU finally corrects the return according to the RRU.
- the sequence is corrected by a correction algorithm.
- the invention realizes the antenna correction process by the joint participation of the BBU and the RRU, so that the frequency domain antenna correction can be implemented, and therefore, can be applied to the OFDM system, and the antenna correction by the scheme can effectively compensate the subcarriers or subcarriers in the OFDM system.
- the amplitude and phase differences of the group provide better performance for implementing the beamforming function of the OFDM system.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an implementation of a method for correcting a distributed base station antenna according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed base station antenna correction system according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a specific implementation process according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of interaction of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation process of another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of interaction of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5. detailed description
- An antenna correction method for a distributed base station according to the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
- Step 101 When the RRU and the BBU are both capable of performing antenna correction, the BBU indicates correction. Starting, and sending a correction sequence to the RRU;
- the correction sequence is generated by the bottom layer and pre-stored, or generated by the bottom layer according to a preset principle or randomly, and may be an orthogonal sequence.
- Step 102 The RRU receives the correction sequence, and returns the received correction sequence to the BBU.
- Step 103 The BBU obtains a calibration result by using a correction algorithm according to the correction sequence returned by the RRU.
- the correction result may include parameters indicating amplitude and phase differences between the respective RF channels, and operating state parameters of the respective RF channels.
- the correction algorithm may specifically be an algorithm such as channel estimation.
- the BBU indicates that the correction starts, and sends a correction sequence to the RRU, that is: the BBU indicates a correction start to the RRU by using a control word; and the next radio frame after the start of the correction is indicated, A correction sequence is sent to the RRU.
- the BBU sends a control word to the RRU to indicate a process of starting the correction, which may be: the BBU sets the bottom-preserved or preset control word as a correction or a correction, and sets the correction, or A corrected control word is sent to the RRU indicating that the up-correction or downlink correction begins.
- the state of the control word includes: no correction, correction, and correction, wherein the control word is placed in the correction, and the uplink correction is performed; when the correction is performed, the downlink correction is performed; when the correction is performed, the correction process is performed. End, or the calibration has not started, or has not been corrected.
- the set code can be used to indicate the status of the control word. For example, 0, 1, and 2 can be used to indicate uncorrection, correction, and correction.
- the BBU sets the control word to 0, it indicates that it is not currently. Correction status;
- the BBU sets the control word to 1
- it indicates that it is currently in the correction state, and it needs to perform the uplink correction.
- the BBU sets the control word to 2
- it indicates that the current correction status is present, and the downlink correction is performed.
- the sending, by the BBU, the correction sequence to the RRU may include: sending, by the BBU, the correction sequence to the RRU after indicating the start of the uplink correction; and indicating the next one after the start of the downlink correction a radio frame, the BBU transmitting the correction sequence to the RRU.
- the BBU indicates that the correction starts, and sends a correction sequence to the RRU, and may include the following process: When performing uplink correction, the BBU resets the control word to receive correction, and sends a control word that is set to receive correction. Initiating an uplink correction to the RRU, and transmitting the correction sequence to the RRU in the next radio frame; when performing downlink correction, the BBU resets the control word to send correction, and sends the control word set to send correction to The RRU, indicating that the downlink correction is started, and transmitting the correction sequence to the RRU in the next radio frame.
- the process in which the RRU receives the correction sequence and returns the received correction sequence to the BBU includes:
- the RRU When performing uplink correction, the RRU receives the correction sequence, and couples the received correction sequence to the BBU through a correction channel coupled to the receiving channel between the BBU and itself for transmitting uplink data; when performing downlink correction, the RRU receiving station The correction sequence is described, and the received correction sequence is coupled to the correction channel through the transmission channel and returned to the BBU.
- the RRU when performing uplink correction, receives the correction sequence sent by the BBU through the Ir interface, and couples the received correction sequence to the receiving channel through the calibration channel to return to the BBU via the Ir interface; when performing downlink correction, receives the correction sequence sent by the BBU through the Ir interface, and couples the received correction sequence to the correction channel through the transmit channel to the BBU via the Ir interface.
- the correction channel is dedicated to the channel for transmitting the correction data or the correction sequence
- the transceiver channel for multiplexing the RRU data is a physical channel existing between the RRU and the BBU.
- the method further includes: the RRU receiving a control word sent by the BBU, detecting a state of the control word; When the state of the control word is the correction or the correction, the correction sequence is received.
- the BBU when receiving the correction sequence returned by the RRU through the receiving channel, the BBU obtains a correction result of the uplink correction by using a correction algorithm according to the received correction sequence; and, after receiving the RRU, When the correction sequence returned by the channel is corrected, the correction result of the downlink correction is obtained by the correction algorithm according to the received correction sequence.
- the method can also include resetting the control word to an uncorrected, indicating an end of the up-correction or the end of the down-correction. The control word is reset to no correction and the reset control word is sent to the RRU to indicate the end of the up or down correction by the control word.
- the method may further include: the BBU sending a correction end message to the RRU; the RRU receiving the correction end message, and returning the correction end to the BBU Reply message.
- the BBU sets the control word to be uncorrected, and then sends a correction end message to the RRU; the RRU receives the correction end message, stops the detection of the control word, and returns a correction end response message to the BBU.
- the method further includes: the RRU initiates antenna correction by sending an antenna correction request to the BBU; or, the BBU initiates antenna correction according to its current state or current needs.
- the process of confirming the antenna correction is performed by the RRU and the BBU, and the BBU sends an antenna correction indication message to the RRU according to the current state of the BBU, and the RRU receives the antenna.
- the correction indication message determines that the antenna correction can be performed according to its current state, and returns a success response to the BBU.
- the BBU receives the success response returned by the RRU, and confirms that both the RRU and the BBU can perform antenna correction.
- the RRU can perform antenna correction when completing its own initialization, completing power calibration and delay measurement, or after cell establishment or when the channel gain changes.
- the BBU can perform antenna correction only after confirming that its initialization is completed, the delay measurement is completed, or the cell establishment is completed.
- the present invention further provides an antenna correction system for a distributed base station.
- the system mainly includes: BBU-21 and RRU-22, wherein BBU-21 is used to confirm the RRU- 22 and itself are capable of performing antenna correction, indicating that the correction is started, and transmitting a correction sequence to the RRU-22; and, according to the correction sequence returned by the RRU-22, the correction result is obtained by the correction algorithm; the RRU-22 is for receiving the BBU - 21 sent the correction sequence and returns the received correction sequence to the BBU-21.
- the BBU-21 mainly includes: a confirming unit 211, an indicating unit 212, a sending unit 213, a first receiving unit 214, and a calculating unit 215, wherein the confirming unit 211 is configured to confirm the RRU-22 and the BBU-21 itself.
- the indication unit 212 is configured to indicate that the correction is started when the confirmation unit 211 confirms that the RRU and the BBU are both capable of performing antenna correction;
- the transmitting unit 213 is configured to, after the indication unit 212 indicates the start of the correction
- the correction sequence is sent to the RRU-22;
- the first receiving unit 214 is configured to receive the correction sequence returned by the RRU-22; and the calculation unit 215 is configured to be used according to the first receiving unit 214.
- the received correction sequence is corrected by a correction algorithm.
- the indicating unit 212 is specifically configured to set the bottom preset or pre-storage control word to receive correction, or send correction, and send a control word set to receive correction or send correction to the RRU, indicating uplink Correction or downstream correction begins.
- the RRU-22 includes: a second receiving unit 221 and a sending unit 222, where the second receiving unit 221 is configured to receive a correction sequence sent by the BBU, and the sending unit 222 is configured to use the second receiving unit 221 The received correction sequence is returned to the BBU.
- the RRU 22 may further include: a control word receiving unit 223 and a detecting unit 224, which
- the control word receiving unit 223 is configured to receive the control word sent by the indication unit 212 of the BBU.
- the detecting unit 224 is configured to detect the control word received by the control word receiving unit 223, and detect the control word receiving.
- the second receiving unit 221 is started to receive the correction sequence transmitted by the BBU-21.
- the distributed base station antenna calibration process of the present invention has the following specific process:
- Step 301 After the RRU is powered on or when it is confirmed that the antenna calibration is required, the antenna correction request message is sent to the BBU.
- Step 302 The BBU receives the antenna correction request message sent by the RRU, and determines that the antenna correction can be performed according to the current state of the BBU, and sends an antenna correction indication message to the RRU.
- Step 303 After receiving the antenna correction indication, the RRU confirms that it can perform antenna correction, and returns a successful response to the BBU. Otherwise, returns a failure response to the BBU.
- Step 304 After receiving the success response, the BBU initiates antenna correction, and proceeds to step 305. If the BBU receives the failure response, the subsequent antenna correction is not initiated, and the current calibration process is ended.
- Step 305 The BBU sets the current underlying saved or preset control word to receive correction, and sends the reset control word to the RRU, indicating that the uplink correction starts, and in the next radio frame, the pre-save or real-time generated correction is performed. The sequence is sent to the RRU;
- Step 306 The RRU receives the control word sent by the BBU, opens a correction switch for detecting the control word, detects that the state of the control word is the receive correction, receives the correction sequence sent by the BBU, and receives the corrected by the correction channel.
- the sequence is coupled to the receiving channel and returned to the BBU;
- Step 307 The BBU obtains the correction result of the uplink correction according to the correction sequence returned by the RRU, and resets the current control word to the uncorrected state, and sends the reset control word. To the RRU, the control word indicates the end of the uplink correction;
- the correction algorithm may be a channel estimation algorithm, and the correction result may include parameters indicating amplitude and phase differences between the RF channels, and operating state parameters of the respective RF channels.
- Step 308 The BBU sets the current underlying saved or preset control word to send correction, and sends the reset control word to the RRU, indicating that the downlink correction starts, and in the next radio frame, the pre-save or real-time generated correction is performed.
- the sequence is sent to the RRU;
- Step 309 The RRU receives the control word sent by the BBU, and detects that the status of the control word is sent correction by using the correction switch, and receives a correction sequence sent by the BBU, and then receives the received sequence through the sending channel. A correction sequence coupled to the correction channel is returned to the BBU;
- Step 310 The BBU obtains the correction result of the downlink correction according to the correction sequence returned by the RRU, and resets the current control word to the uncorrected state, and sends the reset control word to the RRU, and indicates the downlink correction by the control word. End;
- Step 311 After obtaining the correction result of the uplink correction and the correction result of the downlink correction, the BBU sends a calibration end message to the RRU.
- Step 312 After receiving the correction end message, the RRU turns off the correction switch of the detection control word, and returns a correction end response message to the BBU.
- Step 313 The BBU receives the correction end response message returned by the RRU, and the calibration process ends.
- the uplink correction process of steps 305-307 and the downlink correction process of steps 308-310 can be reversed. In practical applications, you can perform uplink correction first, or you can perform next calibration first, which can be determined according to your needs.
- the antenna correction indication message and the correction end message sent by the BBU may include the cell identifier of the designated cell; the antenna correction request, the success response or the failure response, and the correction end response message returned or sent by the RRU also include the same cell. logo.
- Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , when the antenna correction is actively initiated by the RRU, the antenna calibration process of the present invention is as follows:
- Step 501 The BBU needs to perform antenna correction according to its current state, and sends an antenna correction indication message to the RRU.
- the BBU needs to perform antenna correction when it confirms that its initialization is completed, the delay measurement is completed, or the cell establishment is completed.
- Step 502 After receiving the antenna correction indication sent by the BBU, the RRU confirms that it can perform antenna correction. If yes, it returns a successful response to the BBU. Otherwise, it returns a failure response to the BBU.
- the antenna correction can be performed.
- Step 503 After receiving the successful response, the BBU starts the antenna calibration, and proceeds to step 504. If the BBU receives the failure response, the subsequent antenna correction is not initiated, and the current calibration process is ended.
- Steps 504-512 The same as steps 305-313.
- the uplink correction process of steps 504-506 and the downlink correction process of steps 507-509 may also be reversed.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种分布式基站的天线校正方法。该方法包括:确认RRU和BBU均能进行天线校正时,BBU指示校正开始,并向所述RRU发送校正序列(101);RRU接收所述校正序列,并将接收到的校正序列返回给所述BBU(102);BBU根据所述RRU返回的校正序列,通过校正算法得到校正结果(103)。另外,本发明还公开了一种分布式基站的天线校正***。本发明通过BBU与RRU的交互来实现天线校正流程,从而能够实现OFDM***的频域天线校正。通过该方法,能够有效补偿OFDM***中子载波或子载波组的幅度、相位差异,为实现OFDM***波束赋形功能提供了更好的性能。
Description
一种分布式基站的天线校正方法及*** 技术领域
本发明涉及基于正交频分复用 ( OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing )技术的无线通信***, 尤其涉及一种分布式基站的天线校正 方法及***。 背景技术
分布式基站设备由基带单元(BBU, Base Band Unit )和射频远端单元 ( RRU, Remote RF Unit )构成, 是一种可以灵活分布式安装的基站组合, RRU通过 RRU和 BBU之间的界面 ( Ir, Interface between the RRU and the BBU )接口与 BBU相连。
为了保证波束赋形的正确性和可靠性, 必须对天线阵列进行校正, 以 减小天线阵列各通道的幅相误差。 因此, 研究天线校正技术具有十分重要 的现实意义。
在智能天线***中, 许多不确定因素使得真实的天线阵列流形存在阵 列误差, 从而严重地影响基带算法的性能。 天线阵列各射频通道间存在两 种误差, 分别是非时变误差和时变误差。 其中, 非时变误差主要由阵列排 布引起, 如阵元几何位置差异、 阵元间的互偶效应、 天线方向图差异和各 阵元间馈线差异等带来的误差, 这些误差不随温度等环境的变化而变化, 可通过精确测量得到并可以在 BBU侧进行校正; 时变误差是指阵列各射频 通道随温度而变化的放大器相位和增益差异、 混频器等器件的老化、 滤波 器时延及其幅频相频失真、 以及正交调制解调器不平衡等引起的频率响应 不一致所带来的误差。
通常, 天线阵列的非时变误差通过生产过程和功率校准补偿, 时变误
差需要通过实施在线天线校正进行补偿。
目前, 在时分同步码分多址(TD-SCDMA, Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access ) ***中, 釆用时域天线校正的方法进行天线 校正, 时域天线校正方法在时域估计信道冲击, 并且由 RRU独立完成, 其 过程不需要 BBU的参与。
对于正交频分复用 ( OFDM , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ) ***, 其天线校正(AC, Antenna Calibration )需要釆用频域 天线校正的方式, 这样, 在天线校正过程就需要 BBU和 RRU共同参与完 成, 因此, 上述的时域天线校正方法在 OFDM***中不适用, 并且, 应用 时域天线校正方法, 需要在时域做信道估计, 因此, 还会引起 OFDM*** 硬件结构的不一致或硬件成本的提升。
目前, 需要提出一种更适用于 OFDM***的天线校正方法。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种分布式基站的天线校正方 法及***, 能够在频域进行天线校正并适用于 OFDM***。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
本发明提供了一种分布式基站的天线校正方法, 所述方法包括: 确认 RRU和 BBU均能进行天线校正时, BBU指示校正开始, 并向所述 RRU发 送校正序列; 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列返回给 所述 BBU; 所述 BBU根据所述 RRU返回的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到 校正结果。
在上述方案中, 所述 BBU指示校正开始, 为: 所述 BBU将底层预设 的或预保存的控制字置为收校正或发校正, 并将所述控制字发送给所述 RRU, 指示上行校正或下行校正开始。
在上述方案中, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送校正序列, 包括: 在指示
上行校正开始后的下一个无线帧, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送所述校正序 列; 在指示下行校正开始后的下一个无线帧, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送 所述校正序列。
在上述方案中, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列 返回给所述 BBU, 包括: 进行上行校正时, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列通过校正通道耦合到 BBU与自身之间用于传输上行 数据的收通道中返回给所述 BBU; 进行下行校正时,所述 RRU接收所述校 正序列, 并通过所述发通道将接收到的校正序列耦合到所述校正通道返回 给所述 BBU。
在上述方案中, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 包括: 所述 RRU接收 所述 BBU发送的控制字, 检测所述控制字的状态; 在检测到所述控制字的 状态为收校正或发校正时, 接收所述校正序列。
在上述方案中, 所述 BBU根据所述 RRU返回的校正序列, 通过校正 算法得到校正结果, 包括:
所述 BBU在接收到所述 RRU通过所述收通道返回的校正序列时, 根 据所接收到的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到上行校正的校正结果; 以及, 在接收到所述 RRU通过所述校正通道返回的校正序列时, 根据所接收到的 校正序列, 通过校正算法得到下行校正的校正结果。
在上述方案中, 在所述 BBU得到上行校正的校正结果或下行校正的校 正结果之后, 所述方法还包括: 所述 BBU将所述控制字重置为不校正, 指 示上行校正或下行校正结束。
在上述方案中, 在所述 BBU得到上行校正的校正结果、 以及下行校正 的校正结果之后, 所述方法还包括: 所述 BBU向 RRU发送校正结束消息; RRU接收所述校正结束消息, 并向所述 BBU返回校正结束应答消息。
在上述方案中, 所述确认 RRU和 BBU均能进行天线校正, 包括: 所
述 BBU根据自身当前状态, 确定自身能够进行天线校正, 则向所述 RRU 发送天线校正指示消息; 所述 RRU接收到所述天线校正指示消息, 根据自 身当前状态, 确定能够进行天线校正, 向 BBU返回成功应答; 所述 BBU 接收到所述 RRU返回的成功应答, 则确认所述 RRU和自身均能进行天线 校正。
在上述方案中, 在确认 RRU和 BBU均能进行天线校正之前, 所述方 法还包括: 所述 RRU通过向所述 BBU发送天线校正请求, 发起天线校正; 或者, 所述 BBU根据自身当前状态或当前需要, 发起天线校正。
本发明还提供了一种分布式基站的天线校正***,所述***包括: RRU 和 BBU, 其中, BBU, 用于确认所述 RRU和自身均能进行天线校正时, 指示校正开始, 并向所述 RRU发送校正序列; 以及, 根据所述 RRU返回 的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到校正结果; RRU, 用于接收所述 BBU发送 的校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列返回给所述 BBU。
在上述方案中, 所述 BBU包括: 确认单元、 指示单元、 发送单元、 第 一接收单元和计算单元, 其中, 确认单元, 用于确认所述 RRU和 BBU 自 身均能进行天线校正; 指示单元, 用于在所述确认单元确认所述 RRU 和 BBU 自身均能进行天线校正时, 指示校正开始; 发送单元, 用于在所述指 示单元指示校正开始后的下一个无线帧, 向所述 RRU发送校正序列; 第一 接收单元, 用于接收所述 RRU返回的校正序列; 计算单元, 用于根据所述 第一接收单元接收到的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到校正结果。
在上述方案中, 所述指示单元, 还用于将底层预设的或预保存的控制 字置为收校正或发校正, 并将置为收校正或发校正的控制字发送给所述 RRU, 指示上行校正或下行校正开始。
在上述方案中, 所述 RRU包括: 第二接收单元和发送单元, 其中, 第 二接收单元, 用于接收所述 BBU发送的校正序列; 发送单元, 用于将所述
第二接收单元接收的校正序列, 返回给所述 BBU。
在上述方案中, 所述 RRU, 还包括: 控制字接收单元和检测单元, 其 中, 控制字接收单元, 用于接收所述 BBU的指示单元发送的控制字; 检测 单元, 用于检测所述控制字接收单元接收到的控制字, 并在检测到所述控 制字状态为收校正或发校正时, 启动所述第二接收单元, 使得所述第二接 收单元能够接收所述 BBU发送的校正序列。
本发明提供的分布式基站的天线校正方法及***, BBU通过控制字向 RRU指示校正开始, 并向 RRU发送校正序列, RRU向 BBU返回所接收到 的校正序列, BBU最后再根据 RRU返回的校正序列,通过校正算法得到校 正结果。 本发明通过 BBU与 RRU的共同参与来实现天线校正流程, 使得 频域天线校正能够实现, 因此, 能够适用于 OFDM***, 并且通过该方案 进行天线校正, 能够有效补偿 OFDM***中子载波或子载波组的幅度、 相 位差异, 为实现 OFDM***波束赋形功能提供了更好的性能。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的分布式基站天线校正方法的实现流程图;
图 2为本发明的分布式基站天线校正***的组成结构示意图; 图 3为本发明一种实施例的具体实现流程示意图;
图 4为图 3所示实施例的交互示意图;
图 5为本发明的另一种实施例的具体实现流程示意图;
图 6为图 5所示实施例的交互示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明的一种分布式基站的天线校正方法, 参照图 1 所示, 主要包括 以下步骤:
步骤 101 : 确认 RRU和 BBU都能够进行天线校正时, BBU指示校正
开始, 并向所述 RRU发送校正序列;
这里, 所述校正序列由底层生成并预保存, 或由底层按照预设原则或 随机地实时生成, 具体可以为一种正交序列。
步骤 102: 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列返回 给所述 BBU;
步骤 103: 所述 BBU根据所述 RRU返回的校正序列,通过校正算法得 到校正结果。
这里, 所述校正结果可以包含表示各射频通道之间的幅度和相位差异 的参数、 以及各射频通道的工作状态参数。 所述校正算法具体可以是信道 估计等算法。
其中, 所述 BBU指示校正开始, 并向所述 RRU发送校正序列, 为: 所述 BBU通过控制字, 向所述 RRU指示校正开始; 并在指示校正开始后 的下一个无线帧, 将所述校正序列发送给所述 RRU。
这里, BBU通过向所述 RRU发送控制字, 指示校正开始的过程, 可以 为: 所述 BBU将底层保存的或预设的控制字置为收校正或发校正, 并将置 为收校正、 或发校正的控制字发送给所述 RRU, 指示上行校正或下行校正 开始。
具体地, 控制字的状态包括: 不校正、 收校正和发校正, 其中, 控制 字置于收校正时, 进行上行校正; 置于发校正时, 进行下行校正; 置于不 校正时, 校正过程结束、 或校正未开始、 或未进行校正。
实际应用中, 可以用设定的代码来表示控制字的状态, 例如, 可以分 别用 0、 1、 2表示不校正、 收校正和发校正, BBU将控制字置于 0时, 表 示当前为不校正状态; BBU将控制字置于 1时, 表示当前为收校正状态, 要进行上行校正; BBU将控制字置于 2时, 表示当前为发校正状态, 要进 行下行校正。
其中, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送校正序列, 可以包括: 在指示上行校正开始后的下一个无线帧, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送 所述校正序列; 在指示下行校正开始后的下一个无线帧, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送所述校正序列。
具体地, 所述 BBU指示校正开始, 并向所述 RRU发送校正序列, 可 以包括如下过程: 进行上行校正时, BBU将所述控制字重置为收校正, 将 置为收校正的控制字发送给 RRU,指示上行校正开始, 并在下一个无线帧, 将所述校正序列发送给 RRU; 进行下行校正时, BBU将所述控制字重置为 发校正, 将置为发校正的控制字发送给 RRU, 指示下行校正开始, 并在下 一个无线帧, 将所述校正序列发送给所述 RRU。
具体地, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列返回给 所述 BBU的过程, 包括:
进行上行校正时, RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列通 过校正通道耦合到 BBU 与自身之间用于传输上行数据的收通道中返回给 BBU; 进行下行校正时, RRU接收所述校正序列, 并通过所述发通道将接 收到的校正序列耦合到所述校正通道返回给 BBU。
具体地, 进行上行校正时, 所述 RRU通过 Ir接口接收 BBU发送的校 正序列, 并将所接收到的校正序列通过所述校正通道耦合到收通道经由 Ir 接口返回给 BBU; 进行下行校正时, 所述 RRU通过 Ir接口接收 BBU发送 的校正序列, 并将所接收到的校正序列通过所述发通道耦合到校正通道经 由 Ir接口返回给 BBU。
这里,校正通道专用于发送校正数据或校正序列的通道,可以复用 RRU 数据的收发通道, 是存在于 RRU与 BBU之间的一个物理通道。
这里, 在所述 RRU接收所述校正序列之前, 所述方法还包括: 所述 RRU接收所述 BBU发送的控制字,检测所述控制字的状态;在检测到所述
控制字的状态为收校正或发校正时, 接收所述校正序列。
具体地, 所述 BBU在接收到所述 RRU通过所述收通道返回的校正序 列时, 根据所接收到的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到上行校正的校正结果; 以及, 在接收到所述 RRU通过校正通道返回的校正序列时, 根据所接收到 的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到下行校正的校正结果。 所述方法还可以包括: 将所述控制字重置为不校正, 指示上行校正或下行 校正结束。 将所述控制字重置为不校正, 并将重置后的控制字发送给 RRU, 以通过控 制字指示上行校正或下行校正结束。
其中, BBU在得到上行校正的校正结果、 以及下行校正的校正结果之 后, 所述方法还可以包括: 所述 BBU向 RRU发送校正结束消息; RRU接 收所述校正结束消息, 并向 BBU返回校正结束应答消息。
具体地, 所述 BBU将所述控制字置为不校正, 再向 RRU发送校正结 束消息; RRU接收所述校正结束消息, 停止控制字的检测, 再向 BBU返回 校正结束应答消息。
其中, 在确认 RRU和 BBU都能够进行天线校正之前, 所述方法还包 括: RRU通过向所述 BBU发送天线校正请求,发起天线校正;或者, BBU 根据自身当前状态或当前需要, 发起天线校正。
其中,确认 RRU和 BBU都能够进行天线校正的过程,包括:所述 BBU 根据自身当前状态, 确定自身能够进行天线校正, 则向所述 RRU发送天线 校正指示消息; 所述 RRU接收到所述天线校正指示消息, 根据自身当前状 态, 确定能够进行天线校正, 向 BBU返回成功应答; 所述 BBU接收所述 RRU返回的成功应答, 则确认 RRU和 BBU都能够进行天线校正。
这里, RRU在完成自身初始化、 完成功率校准和时延测量时、 或小区 建立后或者通道增益发生变化时, 才能够进行天线校正。
BBU在确认自身初始化完成、 时延测量完成、 或小区建立完成的情况 下, 才能够进行天线校正。
为实现上述方法, 本发明还提供了一种分布式基站的天线校正***, 如图 2所示, 所述***主要包括: BBU— 21和 RRU— 22, 其中, BBU— 21用 于确认 RRU— 22 和自身都能够进行天线校正时, 指示校正开始, 并向 RRU— 22发送校正序列; 以及, 根据 RRU— 22返回的校正序列, 通过校正算 法得到校正结果; RRU— 22用于接收所述 BBU— 21发送的校正序列,并将接 收到的校正序列返回给所述 BBU— 21。
其中, 所述 BBU— 21主要包括: 确认单元 211、 指示单元 212、 发送单 元 213、 第一接收单元 214和计算单元 215 , 其中, 确认单元 211用于确认 所述 RRU— 22和 BBU— 21 自身都能够进行天线校正; 指示单元 212用于在 所述确认单元 211确认所述 RRU和 BBU 自身都能够进行天线校正时, 指 示校正开始; 发送单元 213用于在所述指示单元 212指示校正开始后的下 一个无线帧, 向所述 RRU— 22发送所述校正序列; 第一接收单元 214用于 接收所述 RRU— 22返回的校正序列; 计算单元 215 , 用于根据所述第一接收 单元 214接收到的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到校正结果。
这里, 指示单元 212具体用于将底层预设的、 或预保存的控制字置为 收校正、 或发校正, 并将置为收校正、 或发校正的控制字发送给所述 RRU, 指示上行校正或下行校正开始。
其中, 所述 RRU— 22包括: 第二接收单元 221和发送单元 222, 其中, 第二接收单元 221用于接收所述 BBU发送的校正序列; 发送单元 222用于 将所述第二接收单元 221接收的校正序列, 返回给所述 BBU。
这里, RRU 22还可以包括: 控制字接收单元 223和检测单元 224, 其
中,控制字接收单元 223用于接收所述 BBU的指示单元 212发送的控制字; 检测单元 224用于检测所述控制字接收单元 223接收到的控制字, 并在检 测到所述控制字接收单元 223接收到的控制字状态为收校正或发校正时, 启动第二接收单元 221接收 BBU— 21发送的校正序列。
釆用本发明所提供的分布式基站的天线校正***, 实现天线校正的具 体过程, 在上文方法流程中已详细说明, 在此不再赘述。
实施例一
参照图 3、 图 4所示, RRU侧主动发起天线校正时, 本发明的分布式 基站天线校正过程, 具体流程如下:
步骤 301 : RRU上电完成后或者确认需要进行天线校正时,主动向 BBU 发送天线校正请求消息;
步骤 302: BBU接收 RRU发送的天线校正请求消息, 根据自身当前状 态, 确定能够进行天线校正, 则向 RRU发送天线校正指示消息;
步骤 303: RRU收到天线校正指示后, 确认自身能够进行天线校正, 则向 BBU返回成功应答, 否则, 向 BBU返回失败应答;
步骤 304: BBU接收到的是成功应答,则发起天线校正,继续步骤 305; BBU接收到失败应答, 则不发起后续的天线校正, 结束当前校正过程。
步骤 305: BBU将当前底层保存或预设的控制字置成收校正, 并将重 置后的控制字发送给 RRU, 指示上行校正开始, 并在下一个无线帧, 将预 保存或实时生成的校正序列发送给 RRU;
步骤 306: RRU接收所述 BBU发送的控制字, 打开检测控制字的校正 开关, 检测到所述控制字的状态为收校正, 则接收 BBU发送的校正序列, 并通过校正通道将接收到的校正序列耦合到收通道返回给 BBU;
步骤 307: BBU根据 RRU返回的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到上行校 正的校正结果, 并将当前控制字重置为不校正, 并将重置后的控制字发送
给 RRU, 通过控制字指示上行校正结束;
这里, 校正算法可以是信道估计算法, 校正结果可以包含表示各射频 通道之间的幅度与相位差异的参数、 以及各射频通道的工作状态参数。
步骤 308: BBU将当前底层保存或预设的控制字置成发校正, 并将重 置后的控制字发送给 RRU, 指示下行校正开始, 并在下一个无线帧, 将预 保存或实时生成的校正序列发送给 RRU;
步骤 309: RRU接收所述 BBU发送的控制字, 通过所述校正开关检测 到该控制字的状态为发校正, 则接收所述 BBU发送的校正序列, 并通过所 述发通道再将接收到的校正序列耦合到所述校正通道返回给 BBU;
步骤 310: BBU根据 RRU返回的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到下行校 正的校正结果, 并将当前控制字重置为不校正, 并将重置后的控制字发送 给 RRU, 通过控制字指示下行校正结束;
步骤 311 : BBU在得到上行校正的校正结果、 以及下行校正的校正结 果之后, 向 RRU发送校正结束消息;
步骤 312: RRU收到校正结束消息后, 关闭所述检测控制字的校正开 关, 并向 BBU返回校正结束应答消息;
步骤 313: BBU接收所述 RRU返回的校正结束应答消息, 校正过程结 束。
其中, 步骤 305-307的上行校正过程与步骤 308-310的下行校正过程, 前后顺序可以调换。 实际应用中, 可以先进行上行校正, 也可以先进行下 行校正, 具体可以根据需要来定。
这里, 上述的 BBU发出的天线校正指示消息、 校正结束消息均可以包 含有指定小区的小区标识; RRU返回或发出的天线校正请求、 成功应答或 失败应答、 校正结束应答消息也包含有相同的小区标识。
实施例二
如图 5、 6所示, 由 RRU侧主动发起天线校正时, 本发明的天线校正 过程, 具体流程如下:
步骤 501 : BBU根据自身当前状态, 需要进行天线校正, 则向 RRU发 送天线校正指示消息;
BBU在确认自身初始化完成、 时延测量完成、 或小区建立完成的情况 下, 需要进行天线校正。
步骤 502: RRU接收到 BBU发送的天线校正指示后, 确认自身能够进 行天线校正, 如果是, 则向 BBU返回成功应答, 否则, 向 BBU返回失败 应答;
具体地, RRU在自身完成初始化、 功率校准、 时延测量完成, 且对应 的小区也配置完成时, 才能进行天线校正。
步骤 503 : BBU接收到成功应答, 则开始天线校正, 继续步骤 504; BBU接收到失败应答, 则不发起后续的天线校正, 结束当前校正过程。
步骤 504-512: 与步骤 305-313完全相同。
其中, 步骤 504-506的上行校正过程与步骤 507-509的下行校正过程, 前后顺序也可以调换。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进 等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括: 确认 RRU和 BBU均能进行天线校正时, BBU指示校正开始, 并向所 述 RRU发送校正序列;
所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列返回给所述 BBU;
所述 BBU根据所述 RRU返回的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到校正结 果。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在于, 所述 BBU指示校正开始的过程, 为: 所述 BBU将底层预设的或预保存的 控制字置为收校正或发校正, 并将所述控制字发送给所述 RRU, 指示上行 校正或下行校正开始。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在于, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送校正序列, 包括: 在指示上行校正开始后的下 一个无线帧, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送所述校正序列;
在指示下行校正开始后的下一个无线帧, 所述 BBU向所述 RRU发送 所述校正序列。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在于, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列,并将接收到的校正序列返回给所述 BBU , 包 括:
进行上行校正时, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序 列通过校正通道耦合到 BBU与自身之间用于传输上行数据的收通道中返回 给所述 BBU;
进行下行校正时, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 并通过所述发通道将 接收到的校正序列耦合到所述校正通道返回给所述 BBU。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其 特征在于, 所述 RRU接收所述校正序列, 包括: 所述 RRU接收所述 BBU 发送的控制字, 检测所述控制字的状态; 在检测到所述控制字的状态为收 校正或发校正时, 接收所述校正序列。
6、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其 特征在于, 所述 BBU根据所述 RRU返回的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到 校正结果, 包括:
所述 BBU在接收到所述 RRU通过所述收通道返回的校正序列时, 根 据所接收到的校正序列, 通过校正算法得到上行校正的校正结果; 以及, 在接收到所述 RRU通过所述校正通道返回的校正序列时, 根据所接收到的 校正序列, 通过校正算法得到下行校正的校正结果。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在于, 法还包括: 所述 BBU将所述控制字重置为不校正, 指示上行校正或下行校 正结束。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在于, 在所述 BBU得到上行校正的校正结果、 以及下行校正的校正结果之后, 所 述方法还包括: 所述 BBU向 RRU发送校正结束消息; RRU接收所述校正 结束消息, 并向所述 BBU返回校正结束应答消息。
9、 根据权利要求 1或 8所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在 于, 所述确认 RRU和 BBU均能进行天线校正, 包括:
所述 BBU根据自身当前状态, 确定自身能够进行天线校正, 则向所述 RRU发送天线校正指示消息; 所述 RRU接收到所述天线校正指示消息,根 据自身当前状态, 确定能够进行天线校正, 向 BBU返回成功应答; 所述 BBU接收到所述 RRU返回的成功应答, 则确认所述 RRU和自身均能进行 天线校正。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的分布式基站的天线校正方法, 其特征在于, 在确认 RRU和 BBU均能进行天线校正之前, 所述方法还包括: 所述 RRU 通过向所述 BBU发送天线校正请求, 发起天线校正; 或者, 所述 BBU根 据自身当前状态或当前需要, 发起天线校正。
11、 一种分布式基站的天线校正***, 其特征在于, 所述***包括: RRU和 BBU, 其中,
BBU,用于确认所述 RRU和自身均能进行天线校正时,指示校正开始, 并向所述 RRU发送校正序列; 以及, 根据所述 RRU返回的校正序列, 通 过校正算法得到校正结果;
RRU, 用于接收所述 BBU发送的校正序列, 并将接收到的校正序列返 回给所述 BBU。
12、根据权利要求 11所述的分布式基站的天线校正***,其特征在于, 所述 BBU包括: 确认单元、 指示单元、 发送单元、 第一接收单元和计算单 元, 其中,
确认单元, 用于确认所述 RRU和 BBU自身均能进行天线校正; 指示单元, 用于在所述确认单元确认所述 RRU和 BBU 自身均能进行 天线校正时, 指示校正开始;
发送单元, 用于在所述指示单元指示校正开始后的下一个无线帧, 向 所述 RRU发送校正序列;
第一接收单元, 用于接收所述 RRU返回的校正序列;
计算单元, 用于根据所述第一接收单元接收到的校正序列, 通过校正 算法得到校正结果。
13、根据权利要求 12所述的分布式基站的天线校正***,其特征在于, 所述指示单元, 还用于, 将底层预设的、 或预保存的控制字置为收校正、 或发校正, 并将置为收校正、 或发校正的控制字发送给所述 RRU, 指示上 行校正或下行校正开始。
14、 根据权利要求 11至 13任一项所述的分布式基站的天线校正***, 其特征在于, 所述 RRU包括: 第二接收单元和发送单元, 其中, 第二接收 单元, 用于接收所述 BBU发送的校正序列; 发送单元, 用于将所述第二接 收单元接收的校正序列, 返回给所述 BBU。
15、根据权利要求 14所述的分布式基站的天线校正***,其特征在于, 所述 RRU, 还包括: 控制字接收单元和检测单元, 其中,
控制字接收单元, 用于接收所述 BBU的指示单元发送的控制字; 检测单元, 用于检测所述控制字接收单元接收到的控制字, 并在检测 到所述控制字状态为收校正或发校正时, 启动所述第二接收单元, 使得所 述第二接收单元能够接收所述 BBU发送的校正序列。
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