WO2011150832A1 - Procédé, système et dispositif de commutation de périphérie pour la convergence de route - Google Patents

Procédé, système et dispositif de commutation de périphérie pour la convergence de route Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011150832A1
WO2011150832A1 PCT/CN2011/075016 CN2011075016W WO2011150832A1 WO 2011150832 A1 WO2011150832 A1 WO 2011150832A1 CN 2011075016 W CN2011075016 W CN 2011075016W WO 2011150832 A1 WO2011150832 A1 WO 2011150832A1
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Prior art keywords
neighbor
sent
routing information
route
notification message
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PCT/CN2011/075016
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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李坤阳
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2011150832A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011150832A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/033—Topology update or discovery by updating distance vector protocols

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of computer network technologies, and in particular, to a route convergence method, system, and edge switching device. Background technique
  • Border Gateway is a necessary protocol for operators to deploy on the boundary of a virtual private network (VPN).
  • the routers that run BGP are used as edge devices (PEs). Prov i der Edge ).
  • PE can be classified into an edge switching device (SPE, Swi tch PE), 0 SPE both side edges of a user equipment (UPE, User-end PE) and the network edge device (NPE, Network PE) are UPE or NPE.
  • the UPE is in the lower layer of the VPN.
  • the NPE is in the upper layer of the VPN.
  • the SPE is in the middle of the network.
  • the SPE is in the middle of the link layer and the transition layer.
  • the NPE is used to store the routing information of the NPE, and then forwards the traffic sent by the UPE to different interfaces. Routing, which plays a role in routing.
  • the existing VPN protection can guarantee millisecond switching, switch to another standby SPE or switch to another protection link.
  • the SPE is faulty, the local routing table of the UPE and the NPE needs to be re-established.
  • the process of re-establishing the routing table is called route convergence.
  • the route convergence between the UPE and the NPE on the SPE is inconsistent. For example, the NPE on the aggregation side has a slow convergence rate because of the large number of routes. The UPE on the access side has a faster convergence rate because the number of routes is smaller.
  • the critical route refers to Pre-configured routes that can guide critical services, such as default routes and aggregation routes. After receiving these critical routes, the UPE sends the traffic of the network segment corresponding to the default route or the aggregation route to the SPE. At this time, the NPE side The convergence has not been completed yet.
  • the SPE only receives some detailed routes sent by the NPE. There may be no network traffic corresponding to the critical route or the aggregation route. All the detailed routes can only discard this traffic, causing traffic black holes.
  • the restart of the BGP protocol will result in the re-establishment of the peer relationship and the interruption of the traffic forwarding.
  • a method for avoiding traffic forwarding interruption is Graceful Restart (GR).
  • the device with the GR function is called the GR Restarter.
  • the device adjacent to the GR Restarter is called the GR Helper.
  • the GR Helper itself must be GR-capable to assist the GR Restarter in GR.
  • An OPEN message in the BGP protocol is used for a routing device to establish a neighbor relationship with another routing device.
  • the routing device in BGP has the GR capability, which is mainly represented by the type length value (TLV, Type-Length-Value) defined in the BGP Open Message Extension field sent by the routing device.
  • the extension field has a length of 4 bits. Restart Flags, where 1 bit is used, and the remaining 3 bits are reserved.
  • the routing device negotiates the GR capability.
  • the GR Helper detects that the GR Restarter is restarted, the GR Restarter does not delete the routing and forwarding entries related to the GR Restarter. Instead, it waits for the BGP connection to be reestablished, and the timer starts timing. Before the timer expires, the GR Restarter and GR Helper re-establish the connection and complete the BGP route update. In this way, the traffic forwarding is not interrupted, and the BGP flapping is limited to the neighbors connected to the GR Restarter device and does not spread to the entire routing domain.
  • conditional default routes can be used to partially resolve traffic black holes. If the SPE detects the local route A or route B or the route C or the route D, or the route A and the route B and the route C and the route D, the SPE advertises the default route to the UPE. After receiving the default route, the UPE takes all the network segments. The traffic is sent to the SPE, so that the SPE can forward the traffic sent by the UPE to the corresponding device according to the route A or B or C or D, and the rest of the traffic will be discarded; that is, if the local routing table exists to satisfy the "or", " With the conditional route, the default route is issued to the specified neighbor.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a route convergence method, system, and switching edge device.
  • a route convergence method includes:
  • the edge switching device determines whether the first neighbor has completed route convergence.
  • the routing information is sent to the second neighbor.
  • the two sides of the edge switching device are the user edge device and the network edge device, and one of the first neighbor and the second neighbor is the user edge device and the other is the network side. Edge device.
  • An edge switching device including:
  • a determining module configured to determine whether the first neighbor has completed route convergence
  • the routing information sending module is configured to: when the determining module determines that the first neighbor has completed the route convergence, sends the routing information to the second neighbor, where the two sides of the edge switching device are the user edge device and the network edge device, the first neighbor and One of the second neighbors is a user side edge device and the other is a network side edge device.
  • a route convergence system including:
  • the edge switching device and the first neighbor are The edge switching device and the first neighbor;
  • the first neighbor is configured to send a detail route to the edge switching device, and receive a session connection message sent by the edge switching device, where the session connection message carries an extension field, where the extension field indicates that the edge switching device requires the first neighbor to complete the initial in each address family. Returning the notification message after the update; if the first neighbor can parse the extension field, send a support notification message to the edge switching device, the support notification message indicating that the first neighbor has the ability to return after each address family completes the initial update. Notification message.
  • the switching edge device determines whether the first neighbor completes the route convergence, so as to determine whether the condition for triggering the route advertisement is already available, and if yes, sends the routing information to the second neighbor, so that if the second neighbor receives After routing information, when the traffic is sent to the switching edge device, the switching edge device can forward the traffic to the corresponding device, thus avoiding traffic black holes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a route convergence method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a route convergence method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3A is a simplified schematic diagram of a switching edge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3B is a simplified schematic diagram of a switching edge device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4A is a simplified schematic diagram of a switching edge device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4B is a simplified schematic diagram of a switching edge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic diagram of a route convergence system according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a route convergence method.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a corresponding system and a switching edge device. The details are described below separately.
  • the first neighbor and the second neighbor are neighbors on both sides of the SPE.
  • a first embodiment of a route convergence method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the SPE determines whether the first neighbor has completed the route convergence. When it is determined that the first neighbor completes the route convergence, step S02 is performed;
  • the specific judgment method can be:
  • the SPE restarts After the SPE restarts, it receives the routing information sent by the first neighbor and counts the number of routes. The number of routes that are sent by the first neighbor before the SPE restarts is compared with the number of the statistics. Whether the ratio of the number of routes sent by the first neighbor before the pre-save or SPE restart reaches a preset ratio.
  • the SPE is triggered to send routing information to the second neighbor.
  • the two sides of the edge switching device are the UPE and the NPE respectively, and the first neighbor and the second neighbor are the UPE in the network, and the other is the NPE, that is, when the first neighbor is the UPE, and the second neighbor is the NPE. Conversely, when the first neighbor is an NPE, the second neighbor is a UPE.
  • the SPE determines whether the first neighbor completes the route convergence, and determines whether the condition for triggering the route advertisement is already available. If yes, the routing information is sent to the second neighbor, so that if the second neighbor receives the routing information, When the traffic is sent to the SPE, the SPE can forward the traffic to the corresponding device to avoid blackholes.
  • a second embodiment of a route convergence method includes: 201.
  • the SPE sends a session connection message to the first neighbor.
  • the SPE sends a session connection message to the first neighbor, where the session connection message includes an extension field, which indicates that the first neighbor is required to return a notification message after each address family completes the initial update, that is, the first neighbor completes in each address family.
  • the initial update after sending an update message to the SPE, returns to the notification message.
  • the extension field can look like this:
  • the SPE uses the second bit of the Restart Label field in the GR extended TLV to indicate that the SPE wants the first neighbor to always return a message after the initial update is completed for each address family.
  • the routing information database ends (End-of- RIB, E0R) message, that is, the SPE needs to be able to identify the TLV of the GR; the structure of the restart tag field in the TLV is as shown in Table 1:
  • the length of the restart tag field is 4 bits, from bit 0 to bit 3, where bit 0 has been used, and bit 1 to bit 3 are reserved bits.
  • the second bit which is the bit 1 bit as the basis for negotiation, as shown in Table 2:
  • the first neighbor may support the GR; or the first neighbor may not support the GR, but needs to be able to identify the TLV, and cannot ignore the second bit.
  • E bit That is to say, the first neighbor can parse the E bit as long as it has the ability to send the E0R message, and ignore the E bit if the E0R message is not sent.
  • the SPE can also use the BGP 0PE to add a TLV, negotiate the extended capability field, or use other reserved fields in the BGP packet to negotiate the basis. Description.
  • the SPE determines whether the support notification message sent by the first neighbor is received, and the message indicates that the first neighbor has the ability to return the notification message after each address family completes the initial update, that is, the first neighbor is in each The address family completes the initial update, sends an update message to the SPE, and then returns a notification message.
  • the session connection message received by the first neighbor uses the extended bit 1 of the carried TLV as the E bit as an example, and the first neighbor receives the SPE. After the session connection message is sent, if the first neighbor can resolve the E bit of the session connection message, that is, the ability to return a support notification message, a support notification message is sent to the SPE, and the notification message may be an E0R message or other message;
  • the notification message as the E0R message as an example
  • the first neighbor receives the session connection message sent by the SPE
  • the message supporting the E0R is sent to the SPE
  • Parsing the E bit carried in the session connection message that is, if there is no E0R capability, the message supporting the E0R will not be sent to the SPE;
  • the support notification message may be a message carrying E bits, or a message carrying other identifiers negotiated at both ends;
  • the SPE sends a session connection message carrying the extended field to the first neighbor. If the first neighbor returns a support notification message, the message indicates that the first neighbor has the ability to return a notification message after each address family completes the initial update, indicating that the SPE and the first The neighbor negotiation succeeds. If the first neighbor does not return the support notification message, the SPE and the first neighbor negotiation are unsuccessful.
  • the timer 2 starts timing
  • the routing information is sent to the second neighbor
  • BGP uses the address family (Addres s Family) to distinguish between different network layer protocols (for example, extensions to IPv6, VPN, etc.);
  • the initial update UPDATE is completed in each address family.
  • a notification message is sent to the SPE.
  • the notification message may be an E0R message
  • the SPE does not receive the notification message sent by the first neighbor, it is determined whether the timer 1 times out.
  • timer 4 starts timing
  • the timer 1 After the timer 1 expires, that is, after the T1 time, if the SPE has not received the notification message sent by the first neighbor, it is not sure whether the first neighbor has completed the route convergence, but has timed out, the timer 4 starts counting;
  • the routing information is sent to the second neighbor, that is, after waiting for a secure time T4, the routing information is sent to the second neighbor.
  • the SPE determines whether the timer 1 times out.
  • timer 3 starts timing
  • the timer 3 starts counting.
  • the routing information is sent to the second neighbor, that is, after waiting for a secure time T3, the routing information is sent to the second neighbor.
  • the preset times T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 may be the same time, or different times may be set according to requirements, and the timer 2, the timer 3, and the timer 4 may be the same timer, or may be respectively Set different timers.
  • the routing information sent by the SPE to the second neighbor is the routing information optimized by the routing policy, and the routing policy is one of the following policies:
  • IGP Inter-Gateway Protocol
  • the above routing strategy may select one of the policies for optimal filtering of routing information.
  • the SPE can support a fine routing policy when the route is advertised. That is, you can specify which part of the route is triggered.
  • the SPE receives the routing information sent by the first neighbor, and then filters the routing information through the input policy machine for one round of filtering.
  • the filtered routing information is saved to the local device. When it is about to be released, it will be saved to the local routing information to be advertised and then optimized according to the routing policy. For example, route aggregation and condition matching array selection, specify which part of the route to be advertised, and finally The routing information after the array selection is distributed to the second neighbor through the output policy machine. For example, the first neighbor sends a total of 10000 routes.
  • the 1000 routes are saved to the local storage.
  • the memory is saved in the memory.
  • the 1000 routes are read out, and the route is aggregated.
  • the number of the routes is 100.
  • the aggregated routes are matched and filtered. That is, the SPE can specify a part of the routes and publish them when the publishing conditions are met. For example, specify The 10 routes are advertised.
  • the 10 routes are 1 to 10
  • the output policy machine specifies 50 routes to be advertised.
  • the 50 routes are 1 to 50 respectively.
  • the SPE takes the initiative.
  • the number of routes triggered is 10, and the 10 routes are 1 to 10, respectively.
  • the other routes that are not actively triggered are advertised according to the original process. They do not need to wait for the condition to arrive, and are not subject to the trigger condition.
  • the SPE When the SPE sends the routing information to the second neighbor, the SPE supports the route aggregation.
  • the route can be advertised.
  • the routing information is sent to all the second neighbors that have been established.
  • the second neighbor established after the timeout of the route is advertised according to the process of issuing the normal route.
  • the SPE detects the first neighbor.
  • the route revocation message is sent to the second neighbor, and the route that has been actively triggered is revoked. If the revocation is not performed, the preferred route of the first neighbor still exists on the SPE side to avoid the traffic black hole.
  • the active four-pin routing can be performed only when all the first neighbors are disconnected or a predetermined threshold is reached;
  • the connection between different neighbors and the SPE is likely to have a sequential relationship.
  • the neighbor A first establishes a neighbor with the SPE to complete the route convergence and sends back the E0R message.
  • the neighbor B waits for a predetermined time T2 after receiving the E0R message of the neighbor B. And sending a routing message to the second neighbor.
  • the first neighbor of the SPE when the first neighbor of the SPE is more than one neighbor, there may be a neighbor supporting E0R and a neighbor not supporting E0R. Then, at the SPE end, in an address family, the E0R sent by all the neighbors that have established the connection and supports the E0R can be triggered to trigger the advertisement of the route. You can also set a reception in all or part of the address family of the SPE.
  • the threshold of the neighbor E0R message that is, in a certain address family, when the number of E0R messages sent by the neighbors reaches the set threshold, the route is triggered.
  • the two sides of the edge switching device are the UPE and the NPE respectively, and the first neighbor and the second neighbor are the UPE in the network, and the other is the NPE, that is, when the first neighbor is the UPE, and the second neighbor is the NPE. Conversely, when the first neighbor is an NPE, the second neighbor is a UPE.
  • the SPE firstly negotiates with the first neighbor to determine that the first neighbor returns an E0R message when the route convergence is complete, so that the SPE determines the route convergence of the first neighbor according to the received E0R message, when the first neighbor
  • the routing information is sent to the second neighbor, so that if the second neighbor receives the routing information and then sends the traffic to the SPE, the SPE can forward the traffic to the corresponding device.
  • the routing information to be sent is preferred, and the preferred routing information is sent to the second neighbor, which may be based on the local route convergence of the first neighbor.
  • the traffic sent by the second neighbor is better forwarded and controlled; when there are multiple second neighbors or the first neighbor, the routing information can be well controlled according to the preset threshold; and at the first When the neighbor disconnects, there is also a corresponding countermeasure.
  • a third embodiment of an edge switching device includes:
  • the determining module 301 is configured to determine whether the first neighbor has completed route convergence.
  • the routing information sending module 302 is configured to send routing information to the second neighbor when the determining module 301 determines that the first neighbor has completed route convergence.
  • the first neighbor and the second neighbor are UPEs in the network, and the other is an NPE.
  • the determining module 301 includes:
  • the storage unit 301 a is configured to save the number of routes, where the number of routes is the number of routes sent by the edge neighbor received by the edge switching device before the edge switching device restarts;
  • the receiving unit 301 b is configured to receive the routing information sent by the first neighbor after the edge switching device restarts;
  • a statistical unit 301 c is configured to count the number of routes received by the receiving unit
  • the determining unit 301 d is configured to compare the number of routes pre-stored by the storage unit 301 a with the number of routes counted by the statistical unit 301 c, and determine whether the ratio of the number of pre-stored routes to the number of statistical routes reaches a preset value.
  • the ratio of the pre-stored routes is the number of routes sent by the first neighbor that are pre-stored locally before the edge switching device restarts.
  • the routing information sending module 302 is specifically configured to:
  • the routing information is sent to the second neighbor after the preset time T3, wherein the support notification message indicates that the support is completed in each address family.
  • the initial update it has the ability to return a notification message, that is, the first neighbor completes the initial update in each address family, sends an update message to the SPE, and then returns the notification message;
  • the timing starts after the end of the time T1, and the routing information is sent to the second neighbor after the preset time T4, wherein the notification message is supported.
  • the support notification message sent by the first neighbor is not received, after the preset time T2 Sending routing information to the second neighbor, the support notification message is capable of returning a notification message after indicating that each address family completes the initial update;
  • the preset times T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 may be the same time, or different times may be set according to requirements, and the timer 2, the timer 3, and the timer 4 may be the same timer, or may be respectively Set different timers.
  • the routing information sending module 302 includes:
  • the route optimization array selection unit 302a is configured to optimize the route information to be sent according to a preset routing policy
  • the sending unit 302b is configured to send, to the second neighbor, a route that is optimized by the route optimization matrix selection unit;
  • the routing policy is specifically:
  • IGP Inter-Gateway Protocol
  • the above routing strategy may select one of the policies for optimal filtering of routing information.
  • the two sides of the edge switching device are the UPE and the NPE respectively, and the first neighbor and the second neighbor are the UPE in the network, and the other is the NPE, that is, when the first neighbor is the UPE, and the second neighbor is the NPE. Conversely, when the first neighbor is an NPE, the second neighbor is a UPE.
  • the first neighbor sends an E0R message
  • the SPE completes the route convergence judgment, so as to determine whether the first neighbor has completed the convergence task of triggering the route advertisement condition, and if it is determined that the first neighbor has completed the route convergence,
  • the second neighbor sends routing information, such that if After receiving the routing information, the second neighbor sends the traffic to the SPE.
  • the SPE can forward the traffic to the corresponding device to avoid blackholes.
  • a fourth embodiment of an edge switching device includes:
  • the session connection message sending module 401 is configured to send a session connection message to the first neighbor, where the session connection message includes an extension field that requires the first neighbor to return an announcement message after each address family completes the initial update, and the SPE waits for the notification message.
  • the determining module 402 is configured to determine whether the first neighbor has completed the preset route convergence value, and the routing information sending module 403 is configured to: when the determining module 402 determines that the first neighbor has completed the route convergence, send the routing information to the second neighbor;
  • the determining module 402 includes:
  • the first determining unit 402a is configured to determine whether a support notification message sent by the first neighbor is received, and the message is capable of returning a notification message after the initial update is completed in each address family, that is, the first neighbor is in each An address family completes the initial update, sends an update message to the SPE, and then returns a notification message;
  • the second determining unit 402b is configured to, at the first determining unit 402a, determine to receive the support notification message sent by the first neighbor, where the message indicates that it is capable of returning a notification message after each address family completes the initial update. And determining whether the notification message sent by the first neighbor is received within the time T1 waiting for the notification message;
  • the routing information sending module 403 is specifically configured to:
  • the message is to indicate that the support notification message is returned after each address family completes the initial update, and then starts timing after receiving the notification message.
  • the timing starts after the end of the time T1, and the routing information is sent to the second neighbor after the preset time T4;
  • the routing information is sent to the second neighbor after the preset time T2, and the support notification message indicates that the first neighbor supports returning after each address family completes the initial update.
  • a notification message that is, the first neighbor is in each address family In the initial update, after sending an update message to the SPE, return to the notification message;
  • the preset times T1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 may be the same time, or different times may be set according to requirements, and the timer 2, the timer 3, and the timer 4 may be the same timer, or may be respectively Set different timers.
  • the routing information sending module 403 includes:
  • the route optimization array unit 403a is configured to optimize the route information to be sent according to a preset routing policy
  • a sending unit 403b configured to send, to the second neighbor, a route that is optimized by the route optimization matrix selection unit;
  • the routing policy is specifically:
  • IGP Inter-Gateway Protocol
  • the above routing strategy may select one of the policies for optimal filtering of routing information.
  • the two sides of the edge switching device are the UPE and the NPE respectively, and the first neighbor and the second neighbor are the UPE in the network, and the other is the NPE, that is, when the first neighbor is the UPE, and the second neighbor is the NPE. Conversely, when the first neighbor is an NPE, the second neighbor is a UPE.
  • the SPE first negotiates with the first neighbor, so that the first neighbor returns a notification message when the route convergence is completed, and the SPE determines the route convergence of the first neighbor according to the received notification message, when the first neighbor When the convergence of the preset route convergence value is completed, the routing information is sent to the second neighbor. Then, if the second neighbor receives the routing information, the traffic is sent to the SPE.
  • the SPE can forward traffic to the corresponding device to avoid traffic black holes.
  • a fifth embodiment of a route convergence system in this embodiment includes:
  • the first neighbor 502 is configured to send a detailed route to the SPE, and receive a session connection message sent by the SPE, where the session connection message carries an extension field, where the extension field indicates that the edge switching device 501 requests the first neighbor 502 to complete the initial in each address family.
  • the notification message is returned, that is, the first neighbor 501 completes the initial update in each address family, sends an update message to the SPE, and then returns the notification message; if the extension field can be parsed, the support notification message is sent to the SPE.
  • the support notification message indicates that the first neighbor has the ability to return a notification message after each address family completes the initial update.
  • the two sides of the edge switching device are the UPE and the NPE respectively, and the first neighbor and the second neighbor are the UPE in the network, and the other is the NPE, that is, when the first neighbor is the UPE, and the second neighbor is the NPE. Conversely, when the first neighbor is an NPE, the second neighbor is a UPE.
  • the first neighbor sends an E0R message, and the SPE completes the route convergence judgment, so as to determine whether the first neighbor has completed the convergence task of triggering the route advertisement condition, and if it is determined that the first neighbor has completed the route convergence,
  • the second neighbor sends the routing information. If the second neighbor receives the routing information and sends the traffic to the SPE, the SPE can forward the traffic to the corresponding device to avoid blackholes.
  • the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium can include: Read-only memory (ROM, Read On ly Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Acces s Memory), disk or optical disk.

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Abstract

Les modes de réalisation de la présente invention concernent un procédé de convergence de route, et concernent également un système et un dispositif de commutation de périphérie correspondants. Dans la solution technique de la présente invention, le dispositif de commutation de périphérie juge si un premier voisin a terminé la convergence de route ou pas, puis détermine si l'exigence pour le déclenchement de la distribution de route est satisfaite ou pas, et envoie des informations de route à un second voisin si l'exigence est satisfaite. Un dispositif de périphérie côté utilisateur et un dispositif de périphérie côté réseau sont respectivement situés de chaque côté du dispositif de commutation de périphérie, l'un ou l'autre du premier voisin et du second voisin étant le dispositif de périphérie côté utilisateur et l'autre étant le dispositif de périphérie côté réseau. Ensuite, lorsque le second voisin transmet le flux de trafic au dispositif de commutation de périphérie après avoir reçu les informations de route, le dispositif de commutation de périphérie peut transmettre le flux de trafic au dispositif correspondant, de sorte que la génération d'un trou noir de trafic peut être évitée.
PCT/CN2011/075016 2010-10-29 2011-05-31 Procédé, système et dispositif de commutation de périphérie pour la convergence de route WO2011150832A1 (fr)

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