WO2011131157A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour distiller de l'eau salée et de l'eau saumâtre - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour distiller de l'eau salée et de l'eau saumâtre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011131157A1
WO2011131157A1 PCT/DE2010/000456 DE2010000456W WO2011131157A1 WO 2011131157 A1 WO2011131157 A1 WO 2011131157A1 DE 2010000456 W DE2010000456 W DE 2010000456W WO 2011131157 A1 WO2011131157 A1 WO 2011131157A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stage
water
temperature
stage evaporator
evaporator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2010/000456
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Achim Limbeck
Original Assignee
Achim Limbeck
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Achim Limbeck filed Critical Achim Limbeck
Priority to PCT/DE2010/000456 priority Critical patent/WO2011131157A1/fr
Priority to DE112010005502T priority patent/DE112010005502A5/de
Publication of WO2011131157A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011131157A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0011—Heating features
    • B01D1/0029—Use of radiation
    • B01D1/0035—Solar energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0082—Regulation; Control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/08—Thin film evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/02—Temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a process for distilling salt and brackish water, in particular a solar powered distillation plant.
  • DE 101 52 702 A1 discloses a method in which air is heated in heat-insulated pipes of known design in the focal line of parabolic trough molds and is blown from below into a reactor. Salt or brackish water is sprayed into the reactor from above.
  • EP 0 593 687 B1 discloses a multiple distillation of seawater for the production of pure fresh water by means of solar energy collectors and plate heat exchanger units.
  • DE 44 44 932 C2 a device for water desalination with a relative to the atmosphere airtight sealable container is described which has a top-side, translucent cover and in its interior a water basin and at least one gutter for the evaporated and condensed on the inner surfaces of the container water are arranged, in which the water basin is formed as a flow-through from the water to be desalinated water.
  • the disadvantage of these systems is primarily that they are technically complicated and very space consuming.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY radiation and 20 ° C lowering of the heating temperature loses about 50% of the humidity, which could be condensed to drinking water. This fact is encountered in such systems with larger collector areas.
  • the present invention is based on the object to provide a compact distillation plant, which is technically simple, space-saving and as maintenance-free as possible.
  • a device of the aforementioned type is characterized in that it consists of at least one thermally insulated container, a dependent of the supplied heat device for permanent irrigation with Spülwassereingang and a timer, further comprising at least one stage evaporator and at least one stage capacitor , wherein isolation walls are provided between the stage evaporator and the step capacitor, the container has an outer insulation and the device has a thermally controlled automatic control system.
  • Fig.1 in a perspective view of the device
  • FIG. 2 the stage evaporator 2
  • FIG. 3 shows the step capacitor 3
  • FIG. 4 shows the device for permanent sprinkling 1
  • Fig.l shows the apparatus for distilling salt and brackish Fig.l in perspective view in a preferred embodiment.
  • the heating of the heating fluid can preferably be done by means of at least one solar system 12 and / or one or more of any heating sources. As shown in Fig.l and Fig.2, heated from the outside of the closed and thermally insulated system via the inlet and outlet lines 6 supplied heating fluid with a temperature of preferably 80-190 ° C with the stage evaporator 2 to the Side thermally insulated space, the insulating side walls 4 are open at the bottom and top slightly to the outside of the insulation 9.
  • a step capacitor 3 is provided outside of the insulation 9, which depends on the heat which is supplied to the stage evaporator 2 through the conduit 6, with more or less purified water from the lines 7 is cooled.
  • the stage evaporator 2 consists of a plurality of mutually arranged conduits 6, preferably of metal, which have different pipe outside diameters 15, 16 at close intervals.
  • the lines 6 are surrounded on both sides by a perforated plate 17 so that the larger diameter 16 of the conduit 6 abuts the perforated plates 17 and the smaller diameter 15 to the perforated plates 17 has an opening 18.
  • the stage capacitor 3 is constructed as well as the stage evaporator 2. Only the two-sided plates 19 have no holes.
  • the stage condenser 3 is cooled with purified water through the conduits 7.
  • the Permanentberieselung 1 shown in Figure 4 consists of a mounted in the system heat-resistant tube 13, which is provided on the bottom, which faces the stage evaporator 2, with a slot.
  • a replaceable from the outside elastic hose 14 is inserted, which is microporous and pressure-dependent on the hose length even more or less water from the porous sheath free, then evenly down through the slots in the tube 13 on the Jardinnverdunster 2.
  • the hose 14 is advantageously connected to the supply line 8 with a screw 20.
  • a time-controlled flushing water connection is provided at the end of the tube 13, a time-controlled flushing water connection is provided.
  • thermally controlled automatic control 5 consists of two temperature sensors 21, 22, an electronic controller 23, two temperature controllers 24,25 and two controllable flow controllers 26,27 for the irrigation water with flushing water inlet 28 and rinse water timer 29 for Rinsing the system at previously determined switch-on and switch-off times.
  • the controller 25 After switching on the main switch, the solar system and seawater pump is in operation.
  • the controller 25 must be set to the desired setpoint heating temperature.
  • the sensor 21 measures the temperature.
  • the controller 25 switches the valve 27 to water addition to the sprinkling of the stage evaporator 2 and current to 24 to passage.
  • the controller 23 checks the cooling water temperature via a sensor 22 and regulates the condenser temperature via the valve 26. If the evaporation temperature drops below target, the controller 26 switches the valve 27 off and interrupts the cooling water temperature until the cooling water temperature is again above target.
  • automatic control system 5 permanently calculates the temperature difference between stage evaporator 2 and stage condenser 3 and regulates the water supply in such a way that always the highest possible temperature difference at high temperature level between stage evaporator 2 and stage condenser 3 is maintained.
  • the bypasses 30,31 provide the system with enough water that no overheating damage can occur.
  • the flushing timer 29 sets the flushing of the system to predetermined on and off times. In the sprinkling of the stage evaporator 2, the water first reaches the uppermost tube 6, thereby forming vapor bubbles on the heating surface. The vapor bubbles are generated at pores and unevenness of the tube 6 (two different diameters) and the perforated wall surface containing gases or residual vapor. These represent nucleation sites for vapor bubble formation.
  • the step capacitor 3 is cooled, whereby the steam that was produced in the stage evaporator 2, condensed and leaves the plant as distilled water.
  • stage evaporator 2 and 3 stage capacitor Due to the heat difference between stage evaporator 2 and 3 stage capacitor creates an air flow, the permanently the evaporated water through the upper opening of the insulation to the tap capacitor 3 and then the colder air, with low humidity, through the lower opening of the insulation back to the devisnverdunster second passes.
  • the colder air After the entry of the colder air into the evaporation space, it is heated very quickly and expands further up. Since the air cools immediately after entering the condensation chamber with the stage condenser 3, there is a suction to the stage condenser 3, which generates a slight negative pressure in the upper part of the evaporation space with respect to the lower part of the evaporation space, which again leads to better evaporation. The warmer the evaporation space is, the greater the pressure difference and the faster is the air flow and thus the condensation yield.
  • the system can be operated with solar energy and produce larger quantities of potable water with low energy input.
  • the advantage of this system consists in the combination of the controllable permanent sprinkler 1, the stage evaporator 2 and the stage capacitor 3.
  • the stepwise mounted pipes have the lowest level in the upper area and at the same time the highest air temperature.
  • the preheated water from the irrigation is heated suddenly and partially evaporated. Thereafter, it continues to flow to the second warmer stage, etc., thus utilizing the heat through the steam rising from the bottom to the highest possible.
  • the resulting vapor can be absorbed by the warm air flow unhindered and reach the stage capacitor.
  • the warm air through the slots between the tube and sheet, where it cools very quickly, the humidity is lost and thus increases the airflow velocity.
  • the system can be operated in the temperature range up to 195 ° C, air temperatures of well over 100 ° C can be achieved in the hot area, which at a relative humidity of achievable 100%, the air with at least 600 g / m 3 is saturated. As soon as this air reaches the cooler area of the stage condenser, it is supersaturated and condensed.
  • the heat in the evaporation is kept constant high by reducing or increasing the cooling in the step capacitor. So if the heat input from the outside is very good, you can reach the 600 g / m 3 by the stage capacitor will cool to 40 ° C.
  • the relative humidity of 100% at 40 ° C is about 50 g / m 3 . These are deducted from the 600 g / 3 . This leaves over 560 g / m 3 of condensate.
  • the air temperature in the stage evaporation can still be maintained at 100 ° C. by increasing the cooling temperature to eg 60 ° C. Then it has to be removed 130 g / m 3 , which remain in the 60 ° C warm air. The result is then still 470 g / m 3 .
  • the controller regulates the supply of permanent sprinkling down until the entire irrigation water is evaporated and no salt-saturated water leaves the plant.
  • Another advantage of the system is that it can be driven both as a low-temperature and high-temperature. This setting is possible only with the control of the switch-on temperature. Should the temperature rise to the high temperature range during the day, the system will automatically operate in the high temperature range.
  • the system can be used as a module in containers, as the predecessor "Quadestil" from the same designer.
  • microporous hose with time fills with deposits (even salt), it must be renewed from time to time, or cleaned in opposite directions. This maintenance can be done by loosening a screw and a screw in a few minutes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif destiné à distiller de l'eau salée et de l'eau saumâtre, en particulier une installation de distillation fonctionnant à l'énergie solaire, qui est caractérisée par les caractéristiques suivantes : a) au moins un récipient thermiquement isolé; b) au moins un ruissellement permanent dépendant de la chaleur (1); c) au moins une entrée d'eau de lavage (28); d) une minuterie pour une arrivée d'eau de lavage (29); e) au moins un évaporateur à niveaux (2); f) au moins un condenseur à niveaux (3); g) des parois d'isolation (4) entre l'évaporateur à niveaux (2) et le condenseur à niveaux (3); h) une isolation extérieure (9); i) au moins un automatisme de réglage commandé thermiquement (5). La présente invention concerne également un procédé pour le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'invention.
PCT/DE2010/000456 2010-04-22 2010-04-22 Dispositif et procédé pour distiller de l'eau salée et de l'eau saumâtre WO2011131157A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2010/000456 WO2011131157A1 (fr) 2010-04-22 2010-04-22 Dispositif et procédé pour distiller de l'eau salée et de l'eau saumâtre
DE112010005502T DE112010005502A5 (de) 2010-04-22 2010-04-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Destillieren von Salz- und Brackwasser

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2010/000456 WO2011131157A1 (fr) 2010-04-22 2010-04-22 Dispositif et procédé pour distiller de l'eau salée et de l'eau saumâtre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011131157A1 true WO2011131157A1 (fr) 2011-10-27

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DE (1) DE112010005502A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011131157A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3875926A (en) * 1974-02-21 1975-04-08 Matthew William Frank Solar thermal energy collection system
EP0593687B1 (fr) 1991-11-23 1997-05-14 Geysir Ag Procede et dispositif de dessalement de l'eau de mer avec un echangeur de chaleur a plaques
DE4444932C2 (de) 1994-12-16 1999-01-07 Wilfried Kley Vorrichtung zur Wasserentsalzung
DE19929213A1 (de) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-11 Alexander Von Poswik Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Destillieren eines flüssigen Stoffs aus einer Lösung
FR2809968A1 (fr) * 2000-06-13 2001-12-14 Third Millenium Water Cy Echangeurs thermiques perfectionnes procedes et appareils de distillation en faisant usage notamment pour produire de l'eau douce
DE10140015A1 (de) * 2001-08-10 2003-04-10 Envitech Gmbh Vorrichtung zur solaren Erzeugung von Trinkwasser aus Salzwasser
EP1312404A1 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-21 Alexander Von Poswik Procédé et dispositif d' évaporation de l'eau du l' eau de mer, saumatre et autre d'eaux contaminées
DE10152702A1 (de) 2001-10-19 2003-11-20 Wolfhart Freiherr Stackelberg Verfahren und Anordnung zur solarthermischen Wasserentsalzung
US20060272933A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2006-12-07 Jean-Paul Domen Distillation methods and devices in particular for producing potable water
DE102006018127A1 (de) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 Ghattas, Nader Khalil, Prof. Dr. Wasserentsalzungsanlage

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3875926A (en) * 1974-02-21 1975-04-08 Matthew William Frank Solar thermal energy collection system
EP0593687B1 (fr) 1991-11-23 1997-05-14 Geysir Ag Procede et dispositif de dessalement de l'eau de mer avec un echangeur de chaleur a plaques
DE4444932C2 (de) 1994-12-16 1999-01-07 Wilfried Kley Vorrichtung zur Wasserentsalzung
DE19929213A1 (de) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-11 Alexander Von Poswik Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Destillieren eines flüssigen Stoffs aus einer Lösung
FR2809968A1 (fr) * 2000-06-13 2001-12-14 Third Millenium Water Cy Echangeurs thermiques perfectionnes procedes et appareils de distillation en faisant usage notamment pour produire de l'eau douce
US20040026225A1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2004-02-12 Jean-Paul Domen Distillation method and appliances for fresh water production
DE10140015A1 (de) * 2001-08-10 2003-04-10 Envitech Gmbh Vorrichtung zur solaren Erzeugung von Trinkwasser aus Salzwasser
DE10152702A1 (de) 2001-10-19 2003-11-20 Wolfhart Freiherr Stackelberg Verfahren und Anordnung zur solarthermischen Wasserentsalzung
EP1312404A1 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-21 Alexander Von Poswik Procédé et dispositif d' évaporation de l'eau du l' eau de mer, saumatre et autre d'eaux contaminées
US20060272933A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2006-12-07 Jean-Paul Domen Distillation methods and devices in particular for producing potable water
DE102006018127A1 (de) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 Ghattas, Nader Khalil, Prof. Dr. Wasserentsalzungsanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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