WO2011075939A1

WO2011075939A1 - Circuit breaker setting rating automatically by tracking load changes

Info

Publication number: WO2011075939A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/001925
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张世兴
Original assignee: Zhang Shixing
Priority date: 2009-12-24
Filing date: 2010-11-30
Publication date: 2011-06-30
Also published as: CN102110555A; CN102110555B

Abstract

A circuit breaker setting a rating automatically by tracking load changes, which belongs to the technical field of high and low voltage electric appliance, comprises a movable and fixed contact unit (1), an electrical tripping mechanical (2), an electrical reclosing mechanical (3), an electronic control system (4), current sensors (L1, L2, L3), and leakage and grounding sensors (L4, L5). A signal collecting and processing system composed of a load voltage detecting circuit, a load current detecting circuit, and a load current phase detecting circuit is provided as a signal source. Changes of collected load voltages and load currents are provided as a reference for estimating and distinguishing a working state and a fault state of the circuit breaker; and collected load current phases and power factors calculating from it are also provided as a reference for estimating and distinguishing the working state and the fault state of the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker turns into a tripping protection process or a rating refreshing and setting process separately according to the estimating result so as to get a high-sensitivity and high-accuracy protection effect and prevent occurrence of accidents and fires.

Description

说明书： Description book:

跟踪负载变化自动设定额定値的断路器 Tracking load changes automatically set the rated 値 circuit breaker

技术领域 Technical field

本发明创造属高、低压电器技术领域 The invention creates a high and low voltage electrical appliance technical field

背景技术 Background technique

现代社会离不开屯能，在输配屯中断路器占有极其重要的位置，市场占有率极高，断路器主要有开关和保护两大功能，保护功能是断路器非常重要的使用功能。 In modern society, circuit breakers occupy an extremely important position, and the market share is extremely high. The circuit breakers mainly have two functions of switching and protection. The protection function is a very important function of the circuit breaker.

断路器的保护功能是基于额定值实现的， lil负载电流 In与额定值 Ir比较，山比较结果作出判断，然后选择是否进入过载、短路保护状态。一般出厂时已经订制好它的额定值大小规格，用户按电流规格选用，不能定制它的电流规格人小。虽然有些断路器的额定电流可以由用户做一些调整，但都是属于一次性整定，在运行中不能自动调整或改变，用户在选择断路器时，只能按预期最大负载电流 In选择断路器的额定值 Ir。 The protection function of the circuit breaker is realized based on the rated value. The lil load current In is compared with the rated value Ir. The mountain comparison result is judged, and then whether the overload or short circuit protection state is selected. Generally, its rated size specification has been customized at the factory, and the user selects the current specification. The current specification cannot be customized. Although the rated current of some circuit breakers can be adjusted by the user, they are all one-off setting. They cannot be adjusted or changed automatically during operation. When selecting the circuit breaker, the user can only select the circuit breaker according to the expected maximum load current In. Rating Ir.

近些年知名电气公司虽然采用现代的电子术和计算机技术开发设计了一些新型的智能化断路器，如通用电器 GE公司的 M-PACTJnsCn空气断路器，西门子公司的 3WT万能式断路器； ABB公司的 Emax空气断路器；施耐德公司的 EasyPact NS断路器等，其基本原理和功能并没有重大突破性改变。 In recent years, well-known electric companies have developed some new intelligent circuit breakers using modern electronics and computer technology, such as General Electric GE's M-PACTJnsCn air circuit breaker, Siemens' 3WT universal circuit breaker; ABB The Emax air circuit breakers; Schneider's EasyPact NS circuit breakers, etc., have no major breakthroughs in their basic principles and functions.

人们使用断路器的基本原则是根据预期最大的负载流 In来选择断路器的额定值 Ir，然而，根据断路器安全负载电流计算公式，如果负载电流 In小于额定值 Ir的 81%以下，断路器的过载保护将失控，如果负载电流 In小于额定值 Ir的 67%以卜，断路器将失去短路保护性能，由此将引发人身设备事故和火灾。由于断路器的额定电流在运行中不能根据负载变化而改变, 导致用户负载减轻时，断路器失去有效的保护作用，造成极大的安全隐患，甚至引发事故和火灾。 The basic principle of using a circuit breaker is to select the rated value Ir of the circuit breaker according to the expected maximum load flow In. However, according to the safe load current calculation formula of the circuit breaker, if the load current In is less than 81% of the rated value Ir, the circuit breaker The overload protection will be out of control. If the load current In is less than 67% of the rated value Ir, the circuit breaker will lose the short-circuit protection performance, which will cause personal equipment accidents and fires. Since the rated current of the circuit breaker cannot be changed according to the load change during operation, the circuit breaker loses effective protection when the user load is relieved, which causes great safety hazard and even causes accidents and fires.

发明内容 Summary of the invention

本发明的在于提供一种跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器，使断路器的额定值能跟踪负载变化而自动改变，以达到安全、有效保护负载设备和用电线路安全的自的。跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的额定值一般不需要人工设定，而由其电子控制*** 4通过其单片机 IC1 的软件程序自动完成，使断路器的额定电流 Ir始终跟踪负载变化而适时变换至最佳值，从而使跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器具有安全、可靠保护用电设备和風电线路安全的能力。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to an automatic rated value circuit breaker for tracking load changes, which enables the circuit breaker's rated value to be automatically changed in accordance with the load change to achieve safe and effective protection of the load device and the power line. Tracking load change The rating of the automatic rating circuit breaker generally does not need to be manually set, but is automatically completed by its electronic control system 4 through the software program of its microcontroller IC1, so that the rated current Ir of the circuit breaker always tracks the load change and changes to the appropriate time. The optimum value, so that the tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker has the ability to safely and reliably protect the safety of electrical equipment and wind power lines.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器以单片机 1C1或其它计算机为控制核心，配有 ffi示器、键盘及相应控制软件构成电子控制*** 4，因此，跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器是具有人工智能的断路器，屯了控制*** 4通过其 A/D转换将采集的屯流传感信号、屯源屯压和负载电压信号及其他传感信号，并将其运算、存储和处理，控制电动脱扣机构 2，实现跟踪负载说明书 Tracking load change The automatic rating circuit breaker uses the microcontroller 1C1 or other computer as the control core, and is equipped with the ffi indicator, keyboard and corresponding control software to form the electronic control system 4. Therefore, the tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker is artificial intelligence. The circuit breaker controls the electric tripping mechanism by the control system 4 through its A/D conversion to collect the turbulence sensing signal, the source voltage and load voltage signal and other sensing signals, and calculate, store and process the same. 2, achieve tracking load Description

变化自动整定额定值，以达到安全、可靠保护用电设备和用电线路安全的目的，在 A/P转换和各个传感器之 ί 设有信号调理电路，以完成传感信号的预处理。 The automatic setting of the change is made to achieve safe and reliable protection of the electrical equipment and the safety of the electrical line. In the A/P conversion and each sensor, a signal conditioning circuit is provided to complete the preprocessing of the sensing signal.

电子控制*** 4根据采集的传感信息，经过其单片机 IC1运算、记忆存储、数据处理后控制是否执行预报警和脱扣保护。电动脱扣机构 2和重合闸机构 3是电子控制*** 4的外部执行部件，分别完成跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器脱扣保护动作和重合闸动作。 The electronic control system 4 controls whether to perform pre-alarm and trip protection after the microcontroller IC1 calculation, memory storage, and data processing according to the collected sensing information. The electric tripping mechanism 2 and the reclosing mechanism 3 are external execution components of the electronic control system 4, respectively performing the tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker trip protection action and reclosing action.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的运算、记忆存储、数据处理和保护控制功能是通过电子控制*** 4来完成，电子控制*** 4由于采用以单片机 IC1为核心的硬件结构，主要由带有 A/D转换器、时钟发生器、程序存储器、数据存储器和多个外部端口、通讯端口的单片机及键盘、显示器等构成。软件程序主要由初始化程序、信号采集处 a程序、记忆存储程序，运行控制程序、更新显示程序、报警及驱动控制程序、键#设定程序等组成，此外，电子控制*** 4的软件程序还包括过载保护、短路保护、接地保护、漏电保护等保护功能程序和进行网络连接的通端 Π和现场总线接口。 Tracking load change The automatic rating circuit breaker's operation, memory storage, data processing and protection control functions are completed by the electronic control system 4. The electronic control system 4 uses a hardware structure with the microcontroller IC1 as the core, mainly with A/ D converter, clock generator, program memory, data memory and multiple external ports, communication port of the microcontroller and keyboard, display and so on. The software program is mainly composed of an initialization program, a signal acquisition unit a program, a memory storage program, a running control program, an update display program, an alarm and drive control program, a key #setting program, and the like, and the software program of the electronic control system 4 further includes Protection functions such as overload protection, short circuit protection, ground protection, and leakage protection, and the interface and fieldbus interface for network connection.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的电源电压、负载电压、负载电流 In和负载电流 In的相位及功率因数的参数和过载、短路、接地、漏电的保护参数可以由键盘人工设定或修改，并且可以逋过其通讯功能由远程终端监控和设定。此外，跟踪负载变化自动额定值断、路器还可以设置成上电或复位时焉停机前的状态，也可以设置成上电或复位时进入设定状态。 Tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker power supply voltage, load voltage, load current In and load current In phase and power factor parameters and overload, short circuit, ground, leakage protection parameters can be manually set or modified by the keyboard, and It can be monitored and set by remote terminals through its communication functions. In addition, the automatic load rating of the tracking load change can be set to the state before power-on or reset, before the shutdown, or to the set state when power-on or reset.

踉踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的判断方法还可以根据负载电流 In的增加、负载电流 In 的相位及功率 ¾数等参数，判断正常的负载增加与过载故障，并且根据负载增加或负载减小后的实际负载自动整定或修改断路器的额定值 I 以达到根据不同的负载大小变换不同额定值 Ir的目的，实现根据负载变化自动变换至最佳额定值的效果，使断路器的额定值 IT始终与用电负载相匹配，获得最佳额定值 lr的跟踪保护效果，断路器的额定值 Ir除通过自动记忆存储外，也可以由用户根据实际负载通过键盘进行设定和修正，以获得额定值 Ir跟踪负载电流 In的变化而改变的最佳保护特性，灵敏、安全、可靠的保护负载设备和用电线路的安全，杜绝各种原因可能引发的电气火灾。 The method for judging the load change automatic rating circuit breaker can also determine the normal load increase and overload fault according to the increase of the load current In, the phase of the load current In and the power 3⁄4 number, and the load increase or the load decrease according to the load. After the actual load is automatically adjusted or modified the rated value I of the circuit breaker to achieve the purpose of changing the different rated value Ir according to different load sizes, to achieve the effect of automatically changing to the best rated value according to the load change, so that the rated value of the circuit breaker is IT Always match the power load to obtain the tracking protection effect of the best rated value lr. The rated value of the circuit breaker Ir can be set and corrected by the user according to the actual load, in addition to the automatic memory storage. The value Ir tracks the optimum protection characteristics of the load current In, and is sensitive, safe, and reliable to protect the load equipment and the safety of the power line, and to prevent electrical fires caused by various reasons.

为了设定或修改额定值、漏电保护参数、接地保护参辫、电压保护参数及其他参数，本发明配备有键盘设定程序，以便通过键盘设定或修改额定值及其它设定值参数。 In order to set or modify the rating, leakage protection parameters, grounding protection parameters, voltage protection parameters and other parameters, the present invention is equipped with a keyboard setting program for setting or modifying the rating and other setting parameter parameters via the keyboard.

显示程序用以显示负载电流 In、额定值 Ιι¹及其它参数，报警及输出控制程序用以完成断路器的脱扣保护、预报警控制，信号采集处理程序用以采集第一〜第三电流传感器 Ll、 U2、 L3，漏电传感器 L4和接地传感器 L5 .的输入信息，过载保护、短路保护程序是本发明断路器的基木保护功能程序，他们均以额定值 Ir为计算基准。 The display program is used to display the load current In, the rated value Ιι ¹ and other parameters. The alarm and output control program is used to complete the circuit breaker trip protection and pre-alarm control. The signal acquisition and processing program is used to collect the first to third current sensors. The input information of Ll, U2, L3, leakage sensor L4 and grounding sensor L5. The overload protection and short circuit protection program are the basic protection function programs of the circuit breaker of the present invention, and they are all based on the rated value Ir.

通过键盘的数字键与功能键的配合，除可以对额定值 Ir进行设定和修正外，还可以对漏说明书 Through the cooperation of the numeric keys of the keyboard and the function keys, in addition to setting and correcting the rated value Ir, it is also possible to Description

电保护设定值、接地保护设定值、电压保护设定值及其他参数进行设定，具体可参见键盘功能表。 Set the electrical protection set value, grounding protection set value, voltage protection set value and other parameters. For details, please refer to the keyboard function table.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的电子控制*** 4当采集的任意一路传感信号大于设定值时，通过运算、处理后发出执行指令，经驱动控制使电动脱扣机构 2完成脱扣保护动作。屯了控制*** 4还设有预报警屯路。 The electronic control system 4 for tracking the load change automatic rating circuit breaker 4, when any of the collected sensing signals is greater than the set value, issues an execution command after calculation and processing, and causes the electric tripping mechanism 2 to complete the tripping protection action through the driving control. . The control system 4 also has a pre-alarm circuit.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器提高了断路器安全保护用电设备的能力和可靠性，能根据实际负载变化自动适时修改额定值 Ir，把额定值 Ir、切换到最佳值上，其跟踪保护的设定功能不仅省去了繁琐的额定值整定工作，而且记忆存储和自动变换的额定值 lr更符合实际运行的工作参数，更科学地反映实际负载的变化，对过载保护和短路保护具有高灵敏度的精确保护能力，无论是对用电设备还是对输电线路都能提供高灵敏度、高可靠性、高安全性能的最佳保护。 Tracking load change The automatic rating circuit breaker improves the capability and reliability of the circuit breaker safety protection equipment. It can automatically modify the rated value Ir according to the actual load change, and switch the rated value Ir to the optimal value. The setting function not only saves the cumbersome rating setting work, but also the memory storage and automatic conversion rating lr is more in line with the actual operating parameters, more scientifically reflects the actual load changes, and has high protection against overload and short circuit. The precise protection of sensitivity provides the best protection for high sensitivity, high reliability and high safety performance for both electrical equipment and transmission lines.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的原理方法在于：至少根据采集的负载电压与负载电流 In的变化作为判断区分断路器工作状态与故障状态的依据，或将采集的负载电流 In的相位及其计算获得的功率因数作为判断与区分断路器工作状态与故障状态的依据；或同时将采集的负载电流 In、负载电压、负载电流 in的相位及其通过运算获得的功率因数作为判断与区分断路器工作状态与故 P章状态的依据； The principle method of tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker is: At least according to the change of the collected load voltage and load current In as the basis for judging the working state and fault state of the circuit breaker, or the phase of the collected load current In and its calculation The obtained power factor is used as a basis for judging and distinguishing the working state and the fault state of the circuit breaker; or simultaneously calculating the collected load current In, the load voltage, the phase of the load current in and the power factor obtained by the operation as a judgment and distinguishing the circuit breaker operation The basis of the state and the state of the P chapter;

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的初始状态设定为：额定值 &为最大标称电流值或最大框架电流值,，短路电压设定为最大短路电流下的负载端电压，一般可设定在额定电源电压下的个较低的屯压值或者为零，负载的相位及负载的功率因数为正常负载下的负载各相屯流相位及负载功率因数； Tracking load change The initial state of the automatic rating circuit breaker is set to: The rated value is the maximum nominal current value or the maximum frame current value, and the short-circuit voltage is set to the load terminal voltage at the maximum short-circuit current. Generally, it can be set at The lower voltage value of the rated power supply voltage is zero or zero. The phase of the load and the power factor of the load are the turbulent phase and load power factor of each phase of the load under normal load;

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的额定值 Ir的自动设定由电子控制*** 4的单片机 IC1 的程序存储器内相应的软件程序在对负载电压、负载电流 Ιη、负载电流 In的相位迸行运算分析结果的记忆存储，并将记忆存储的结果对额定值 Ir的苻换完成； Tracking load change The automatic setting of the rated value Ir of the automatic rating circuit breaker is calculated by the corresponding software program in the program memory of the microcontroller IC1 of the electronic control system 4 in the phase of the load voltage, the load current Ιη, and the load current In. The memory of the result is stored, and the result of the memory storage is completed for the rating Ir;

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器在运行中，实吋监控电源电压、负载电压、负载电流 In 和负载电流 In的相位及功率因数； Tracking load change The automatic rating breaker is in operation to monitor the phase and power factor of the supply voltage, load voltage, load current In and load current In;

如果负载电流 In增加超过其最大短路极限电流，而负载电压低于短路电压，则判定为发生短路故障，并立即进入短路保护程序； If the load current In increases beyond its maximum short-circuit limit current and the load voltage is lower than the short-circuit voltage, it is determined that a short-circuit fault has occurred and immediately enters the short-circuit protection procedure;

如果阶跃后的负载电流 In〉极限额定值 I 即初始化状态的额定值 Ir)，则立即进入短路、过载保护程序； If the load current after the step In> limit rating I is the rated value of the initialization state Ir), immediately enter the short circuit, overload protection program;

如果阶跃后的负载电流 In 极限额定值 Ir (即初始化状态的额定值 ϋ)，则先进入重复测试程序（单位时间内重复测试 η次采样）：如果负载电 In继续上升，则判断为短路或过说明书载故障状态，进入短路、过载保护程序；如果负载电流 In相对稳定在某 -值上，则判断为额定负载增加，进入更新设定程序：记忆并存储^前负载电流 In，将记忆并存储的负载电流 In 替换为额定值 Ir; 额定值更新后，进入运行状态。这是因为，此状态下的时间还允许进行几次重复测试。 If the load current In after the step is the limit rating Ir (ie, the rated value of the initialization state ϋ), first enter the repeat test procedure (repeated test n times sampling per unit time): If the load power In continues to rise, it is judged as a short circuit Or The manual contains the fault status, enters the short circuit and overload protection program; if the load current In is relatively stable at a certain value, it is judged that the rated load is increased, and the update setting program is entered: Memory and storage ^Preload current In, will be stored and stored The load current In is replaced by the rated value Ir; after the rated value is updated, it enters the running state. This is because the time in this state also allows several iterations of the test.

如果负载端电压正常降低、负载电流 In出现阶越式增加，并且超过当前额定值 Ir及允许误差极限，则视为负载增加或发生过载故障，进入下一歩判断程序- 负载增加或发生过载故障的判断程序为：取单位时间变化曲线的参数，然后，査询或测试负载电流 In的变化曲线，如果査询或测试负载电流 In变化曲线相对稳定，则视为额定负载增加，进入额定值 Ir整定、修改程序；记忆并存储当前负载电流 In, 将记忆并存储的负载电流 In替换为额定值 Ir，然后进入运行状态。 If the load terminal voltage drops normally, the load current In increases step by step, and exceeds the current rated value Ir and the allowable error limit, it is regarded as an increase in load or an overload fault, and enters the next judgment program - the load increases or an overload fault occurs. The judgment procedure is: take the parameter of the unit time change curve, and then query or test the change curve of the load current In. If the query or test load current In curve is relatively stable, it is regarded as the rated load increase, and the rated value Ir is set. Modify the program; memorize and store the current load current In, replace the stored and stored load current In with the rated value Ir, and then enter the running state.

如果査询或测试负载电流 in变化曲线持续向上增 '长，则视为.负载加重，判断为出现过载故障，转入过载保护程序。 If the query or test load current in curve continues to increase 'long', it is considered as the load is increased, it is judged that an overload fault occurs, and the overload protection program is transferred.

如果负载电压正常、负载电流 In.阶越式减小，査询或测试负载电流 In变化曲线相对稳定，则判断为额定负载减轻，进入额定值 Ir整定、修改程序：记忆并存储当前负载电流 In, 将记忆并存储的负载电流 In替换为额定值 lr，然后进入运行状态。 If the load voltage is normal and the load current In. step decreases, the query or test load current In curve is relatively stable, then it is judged that the rated load is reduced, enter the rated value Ir setting, modify the program: Memorize and store the current load current In , Replace the stored and stored load current In with the rated value lr, and then enter the running state.

单位时间内重复测试 n次采样的查询或^试方法 nj以釆用单位时「Bi重复测试次数的方法，也可以采^^迟一段时尚再査询、测试的方法； Repeat the test in unit time n times of sampling query or ^ test method nj to use the unit "Bi repeat test method, you can also use ^^ late fashion query and test method;

踉踪负载变化自动额定值断路器电源压、负载电压、负载电流 ϊη'和负载电流 In的相位及功率因数的参数和过载、短路、接地、漏电的葆护参数可以由键^：人工设定或修改，并且可以通过其通讯功能由远程终端监控和设定； Tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker power supply voltage, load voltage, load current ϊη' and load current In phase and power factor parameters and overload, short circuit, grounding, leakage protection parameters can be set by key ^: manual setting Or modified, and can be monitored and set by the remote terminal through its communication function;

跟踪负载变化自动额定断路器可以设置上电或复位时为默认的停机前的状态，也可以设置成上电或复位时进入设定状态； Tracking load change automatic rating The circuit breaker can be set to the default pre-stop state at power-on or reset, or it can be set to enter the set state when power-on or reset.

判断程序可以加入如下参考因素，如果负载电流 In墻加，负载电流 Iir的相位及功率因数超过正常状态的相位犮功率因数，则判定为发生过载，并进入过载保护程序； The judgment program may add the following reference factors. If the load current In wall is added, the phase and power factor of the load current Iir exceeds the phase 犮 power factor of the normal state, it is determined that an overload occurs, and the overload protection program is entered;

如果负载屯流 bi增加，负载电流 In的相位及功率因数仍保持正常状态的相位及功率因数，则判定为新负载接入，则转入额定值 Ir整定、修改程序：记忆并存储当前负载电流 In，将记忆并存储的'负载电流 In值替换额定值 Ir，然后，进入运行状态。 If the load turbulence bi increases, the phase and power factor of the load current In still maintain the phase and power factor of the normal state, then it is determined that the new load is connected, then the rated value Ir is set, and the program is modified: Memory and storage current load current In, replaces the stored load's 'load current In value with the rated value Ir, and then enters the running state.

如果负载电流 In减小，负载电流 In的相位及功率因数仍保持正常状态的相位及功率因数，则判定为负载减轻，则转入额定值 Ir整定、修改程序：记忆并存储当前负载电流 In，将记忆并存储的负载电流 In替换为额定值 I 然后，进入运行状态。 If the load current In decreases, the phase and power factor of the load current In still maintain the phase and power factor of the normal state, then it is determined that the load is reduced, then the rated value Ir is set and the program is modified: the current load current In is memorized and stored. Replace the stored and stored load current In with the rated value I and then enter the operating state.

本发明跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的电子控制*** 4适用于塑壳断路器、框架式断说明书 The electronic control system 4 for tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker is suitable for molded case circuit breaker and frame type breaking Description

路器、真空断路器及其他断路器的更新和产品换代，其电子控制*** 4可以做成模块化结构, 以便于安装与更新改造。 The updating and product replacement of roads, vacuum circuit breakers and other circuit breakers, the electronic control system 4 can be modularized for installation and retrofitting.

附图说明 DRAWINGS

图 1 : 跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器原理框图 Figure 1: Block diagram of the tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker

图 2: 主程序流程图 Figure 2: Main program flow chart

图 3: 中断处理程序流程图 Figure 3: Interrupt handler flow chart

图 4: 重合闸程序流程图 Figure 4: Reclosing program flow chart

图 5: 键盘扫描程序流程图 Figure 5: Keyboard Scanner Flowchart

图 6: A/D转换程序流程图 Figure 6: A/D conversion program flow chart

图 7: 运行控制程序流程图 Figure 7: Run Control Program Flowchart

图 8: 脱扣保护程序流程图 Figure 8: Trip Protection Program Flowchart

图 9: 初始设定程序流程图具体实施方式 Figure 9: Initial Setup Program Flowchart

以下是结合附图的一种具体实施方式，进一步说明跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的工作原理和电子控制*** 4的单片机及程序存储器存放程序的执行歩骤，典型单片机一般由以下几部分组成：微处理器 MCU，程序存储器和数据存储器，或程序、数据通用存储器，多个输入瑜出端口，多路 A/D转换器，多个定时 /计数器、通讯端口等硬件资源集合而成。 The following is a specific implementation manner with reference to the accompanying drawings, further illustrating the working principle of the tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker and the execution steps of the single-chip microcomputer and the program memory storage program of the electronic control system 4, and the typical single-chip microcomputer generally consists of the following parts : Microprocessor MCU, program memory and data memory, or program, data general-purpose memory, multiple input ports, multiple A/D converters, multiple timers/counters, communication ports and other hardware resources.

其中程序存储器用于存放指令序列的执行程序和数据，微处理器 MCU通过读取并执行程序存储器中相关的执行程序和数据完成预期的操作结果，输 Λ/输出端口用于连接外部硬件资源，如显示器、键盘、执行机构等，并与其交换信息，传送数据和控制执行，多路 A/D转换器用于连接多路外部传感盔，采集其模拟釐参数信息，在本发明中多路 A/D转换器用于采粲负载电流信号、负载电压信号、负载电流的相位信号、漏电故障信号、接地故障信号及其他信号，为微处锂器 MCU 的运算和处理提供必要的模拟量输入信息，数据存储器用于存放数据、常数、表格和运算处理结果，定时 /计数器用于产生时钟信号和定时时间以及外部事件的计数，通讯端口用于与外部设备通讯、交换信息和网络连接。此外，在本发明涉及的单片机家族中还有集成捕& /比较 /脉冲调制器等资源，以便进行相位比较和计算功率 ¾数等参数。 The program memory is used to store the execution program and data of the instruction sequence, and the microprocessor MCU completes the expected operation result by reading and executing the relevant execution program and data in the program memory, and the output/output port is used for connecting external hardware resources. Such as display, keyboard, actuator, etc., and exchange information with it, transfer data and control execution, multi-channel A/D converter is used to connect multiple external sensing helmets, collect its analog PCT parameter information, in the present invention multi-channel A The /D converter is used to pick up the load current signal, the load voltage signal, the phase signal of the load current, the leakage fault signal, the ground fault signal and other signals to provide the necessary analog input information for the operation and processing of the micro-device MCU. The data memory is used to store data, constants, tables, and arithmetic processing results. The timer/counter is used to generate clock signals and timing times, as well as the counting of external events. The communication port is used to communicate with external devices, exchange information, and network connections. In addition, in the family of microcontrollers to which the present invention is directed, there are resources such as integrated capture & / compare / pulse modulators for phase comparison and calculation of power and other parameters.

根据计算机原理与程序设计理论，如果执行程序是相干的、合乎逻辑的，将产生预先期望和令入满意的结果，跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的电子控制*** 4正是通过其单片机程序存储器内的软件程序使内部资源与外部资源协调工作，完成跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器数值运算和数据处理，实现期望的自动运行结果。 According to computer theory and programming theory, if the execution program is coherent and logical, it will produce pre-expected and satisfactory results. The electronic control system 4 that tracks the load change automatic rating circuit breaker is through its microcontroller program memory. The internal software program coordinates the internal resources with the external resources, and completes the tracking of the load change automatic rating breaker numerical calculation and data processing to achieve the desired automatic operation results.

按照图〗所示的跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的***原理图：加 T组装动、静触头组说明书 According to the diagram, the system schematic diagram of the automatic rated circuit breaker for tracking load change: Adding T assembly moving and static contact group Description

件 1，动脱扣机构 2，电动重合闸机构 3, 电子控制*** 4, 第一、第二、第三电流传感器 LK L2、 13，漏电传感器 L4，接地传感器 L5。 Item 1, Dynamic trip mechanism 2, Electric reclosing mechanism 3, Electronic control system 4, First, second, and third current sensors LK L2, 13, Leakage sensor L4, Grounding sensor L5.

单片机 IC1内部自带程序存储器和数据存储器， -般不需要扩展外部程序存储器，并且通过软件编程可以方便地存取、修改常数、数据和变量，提供现场修正系数的能力。跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的电子控制*** 4的软件主要由初始化主程序、中断服务程序、键扫描处理程序、 A/D转换程序、重合闸程序、运行控制程序、脱扣保护程序、更新显示程序、初始化设定程序、键值功能处理程序、预报警等组成，软件流程图如图 2~15所示。 The microcontroller IC1 has its own program memory and data memory. It does not need to expand the external program memory. It can easily access and modify constants, data and variables through software programming, and provides the ability to modify the coefficients in the field. The software of the electronic control system 4 that tracks the load change automatic rating breaker is mainly composed of the initialization main program, the interrupt service program, the key scan processing program, the A/D conversion program, the reclosing program, the operation control program, the trip protection program, and the update. Display program, initialization setting program, key value function processing program, pre-alarm, etc. The software flow chart is shown in Figure 2~15.

图 2 图 9说明图 1所示的 ¾子控制*** 4的存 fe稈序运行的流稃图，程序运行是在单片机 IC1的微处瑭器 MCU中响应预先存入在其程序存储器内的指令序列完成，上电或复位后微处理器 MCli 自动从主程序开始执行，在主程序中完成定时器、工作寄存器、 A/D转换器、各个蝻口等的初始化，然后，壹定时器丄作方式，然后幵放中断，再査询键落标志：如果有中断，则调键盘服务程序，否则，调 A/D转换程序，査询等待 A/D转换完成，保存 A/D 转换结果，再调更新显示程序，然后，重置定时器工方式，重新幵放中断。 Figure 2 Figure 9 illustrates the flow diagram of the operation of the 3⁄4 sub-control system 4 shown in Figure 1, the program operation is in response to the instructions pre-stored in its program memory in the microcontroller MCU of the microcontroller IC1. After the sequence is completed, after the power-on or reset, the microprocessor MCli automatically starts from the main program, and the initialization of the timer, the working register, the A/D converter, each port, etc. is completed in the main program, and then the timer is executed. Mode, then release the interrupt, and then query the key drop flag: If there is an interrupt, then adjust the keyboard service program, otherwise, adjust the A/D conversion program, the query waits for the A/D conversion to be completed, saves the A/D conversion result, and then Update the display program, then reset the timer mode and re-interrupt the interrupt.

如果有定时中断请求，则响应中断请求，进入中断服务程序，尔后，再回到主程序，在中断服务程序中，将调运行控制程序初始化设定程序、脱扣保护程序和显示程序，然后中断返回。如果没有中断请求，则淸中断标志寄存器，返回主程序执行。 If there is a timed interrupt request, in response to the interrupt request, enter the interrupt service routine, and then return to the main program. In the interrupt service routine, the run control program initializes the setup program, the trip protection program, and the display program, and then interrupts. return. If there is no interrupt request, the interrupt flag register is returned to the main program execution.

在键盘扫描程序中；如果有键按下；则查询键值，然后根据键值散转至相应的键值处理子程序。 In the keyboard scanner; if there is a key press; then the key value is queried, and then the key value is transferred to the corresponding key value processing subroutine according to the key value.

本发明的跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器，除复位键外，共设有 14个控制键，键功能定义如下： The tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker of the present invention has 14 control keys in addition to the reset button, and the key functions are defined as follows:

S1- S10: 数字键 0〜9 S1-S10: Number keys 0~9

S11 : 初始化设定键 S11 : Initialize setting button

S12: 增量键（ + )，对指定地址内容 + 1处理 S12: Increment key ( + ), for the specified address content + 1 processing

S13: 减量键（一），对指卑地址内容一 1处理 S13: Decrement key (1), deal with the content of the target address

S14: 删除键（Dd)，对所内容删除处理 S14: Delete key (Dd), delete the content

数字键 S1~ S10，用于输入 2位数的地址指针，然后，再由增量键（+)、减量键（一）进行设定和修改，或由删除键（Del)进行删除处理。其中，输入的 2位数地址指针定义如下： The number keys S1~S10 are used to input the 2-digit address pointer, and then set and modify by the increment key (+), decrement key (1), or delete by the delete key (Del). Among them, the input 2-digit address pointer is defined as follows:

DB: 功能表数值定义如下 DB: The function table values are defined as follows

01；设定标志地址指针送设定单元， 01; Set the flag address pointer to send the setting unit,

02；短路电压设定值地址指针送设定单兀， 02; short-circuit voltage set value address pointer to send the setting unit,

03；负载端 a相电压地址指针送设定单元， , 说明书；负载端 b相电压地址指针送设定单元，；负载端 c相电压地址指针送设定单元，；额定值 Ir地址指针送设定单元， 03; load terminal a phase voltage address pointer to send setting unit, , manual; load terminal b-phase voltage address pointer to send setting unit; ; load terminal c-phase voltage address pointer to send setting unit;; rated value Ir address pointer to send setting unit,

；负载电流 In的地址指针送设定单元，；负载电流 In的 a相相位地址措针送设定单元，；负载电流 hi的 b相相位地址指针送设定单元,; 负载电流 In的 c相相位地址指针送设定单元, ；负载功率因数地址指针送设定单元，；接地设定值地址指针送设定单元， The address pointer of the load current In is sent to the setting unit, the phase-phase address of the load current In is sent to the setting unit, the b-phase phase address of the load current hi is sent to the setting unit, and the phase of the load current In is c. The phase address pointer is sent to the setting unit, the load power factor address pointer is sent to the setting unit, and the grounding setting value address pointer is sent to the setting unit.

；漏电设定值地址指针送设定单元， ; leakage set value address pointer to send setting unit,

；缺相设定值地址指针送设定单元， ; the phase loss setting value address pointer is sent to the setting unit,

；预报警值地址指针送设定单元， ; pre-alarm value address pointer to send setting unit,

；瞬时值地址指针送设定单元， ; instantaneous value address pointer to send the setting unit,

；长延时电流设定地址指针送设定单元，；长延时时间设定地址指针送设定单元，；长延时始动电流设定地址指针送设定单元，；短延时屯流设定地址指针送设定单元，；短延吋时间设定地址指针送设定单元，；短延时始动电流设定地址指针送设定单元，； A/D1转换结果地址指针送设定单元，Long delay current setting address pointer to send setting unit; long delay time setting address pointer to send setting unit; long delay start current setting address pointer to send setting unit; short delay turbulence Set the address pointer to send the setting unit, ; short delay time setting address pointer to send setting unit; short delay start current setting address pointer to send setting unit; A/D1 conversion result address pointer send setting unit,

; A/D2转换结果地址指针送设定单元，； A/D3转换结果地址指针送设定单元，; A / D2 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit, ; A / D3 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit,

? A/D4转换结果地址指针送设定单元，； AJD5转换结果地址指针送设定单元，； A/D6转换结果地址指针送设定单元，； A/D7转换结果地址指针送设定单元，A/D4 conversion result address pointer is sent to the setting unit; AJD5 conversion result address pointer is sent to the setting unit; A/D6 conversion result address pointer is sent to the setting unit; A/D7 conversion result address pointer is sent to the setting unit,

; A/D8转换结果地址指针送设定单元，； A/D9转换结果地址指针送设定单元，; A / D8 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit, ; A / D9 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit,

; A/D10转换结果地址指针送设定单元，； A/D11转换结架地、址指针送设定单元，; A / D10 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit; A / D11 conversion knot ground, address pointer to send the setting unit,

; A/D12转换结果地址指针送设定单元，说明书 ; A / D12 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit, Instruction manual

37； A/D13转换结果地址指针送设定单元， 37; A / D13 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit,

38； A/D14转换结果地址指针送设定单元， 38; A/D14 conversion result address pointer is sent to the setting unit,

39； A D15转换结果地址指针送设定单元， 39; A D15 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit,

40； A/D16转换结果地址指针送设定单元， ' 40; A / D16 conversion result address pointer to send the setting unit, '

为了减少控制键的数量，提高键盘效率，本发明采用数字键与功能键混合的键盘控制方式，这种键盘配置给使用增加了一些复杂系数，但考虑到跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器优异的自动跟踪设定功能，其额定电流的设定与转换一般不须人工键盘设定，键盘只是提供了作为人工设定和修改之用，因此，也可以采用其他键盘的配置方法。 In order to reduce the number of control keys and improve keyboard efficiency, the present invention adopts a keyboard control mode in which a numeric key and a function key are mixed. This keyboard configuration adds some complicated coefficients to the use, but the automatic rating circuit breaker is excellent in consideration of tracking load variation. The automatic tracking setting function generally does not require manual keyboard setting for the setting and conversion of the rated current. The keyboard is only provided for manual setting and modification. Therefore, other keyboard configuration methods can also be used.

过载长延时保护在执行程序中 ¾过公式 LTD=t (S)X [2 Ir I (C一 1.25 Ir )]计算出不同电流下的延时时间，式中： t为 2倍额定电流 2 Ir下的延时时间，单位为秒（S); In为电流测量值； Ir为额定值； 1.25 Ir是过载长延时保护设定的始动电流，一般过载长延时保护取 Ir的 1.25倍。 The overload long delay protection calculates the delay time under different currents in the execution program by the formula LTD=t (S)X [2 Ir I (C 1.25 Ir )], where: t is 2 times the rated current 2 Delay time in Ir, in seconds (S); In is current measurement value; Ir is rated value; 1.25 Ir is the starting current set by overload long delay protection, general overload long delay protection takes Ir 1.25 Times.

短路延时保护在执行程序中通 3ί公式 STEM (S)X [15 I / (C- 1.5 Ir)计算出不岗电流下的延时时间式中： t为 15倍额定电流 15&下¾延时间，单位为秒（S ); In为电流働量值； Ir为设定的额定电流； 1.5 Ir是短路短延时保护设定的始动电流，一般短延时保护取 tr的 1.5 倍。 The short-circuit delay protection is executed in the program. The delay time is calculated by the equation STEM (S)X [15 I / (C- 1.5 Ir): t is 15 times the rated current 15 & 3⁄4 delay time , the unit is second (S); In is the current 働 value; Ir is the set rated current; 1.5 Ir is the starting current set by the short-circuit short-delay protection, generally short-delay protection takes 1.5 times of tr.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的图 2主程序流程图执行歩骤如下：起始歩骤 100之后，执行步骤 101，初始化寄存器、数据区、 A/D通道、 I/O端口。然后，执行步骤 102: 选通 A/D 通道，置首路 A/D通道为 AN.0,置键盘初始化，置定时器为定时工作，然后，执行步骤 103，置定时中断允许，再执行步骤 104, 开放中断，然后执行步骤 105，查询键盘有键按下否？如果没有，跳至歩骤 107，调 A/D转换程序，如果有，执行歩骤 106，调键盘扫描程序，再执行步骤！07，调 A/D转换程序，然后，执行歩骤 108，査询 A/D转换完成否？如果未完成，则査询等待，如果完成，执行歩骤 109, 保存 A/D转换结果，再执行歩骤 1.10，调更新显示，然^, 返回到步骤 102执行，选通 A/D通道，置首路 A/D通道为 AN. (？，置键盘初始化，重置定时器为定时工作，置定时中断允许，重新开放定时中断。 Tracking the load change automatic rating circuit breaker Figure 2 main program flow chart execution steps are as follows: After the start step 100, step 101 is executed to initialize the register, data area, A/D channel, I/O port. Then, step 102 is performed: strobing the A/D channel, setting the first A/D channel to AN.0, setting the keyboard to initialize, setting the timer to work in a timer, and then performing step 103, setting the timer interrupt permission, and then performing the step 104, open interrupt, and then perform step 105, the query keyboard has a key press or not? If not, skip to step 107, adjust the A/D conversion program, and if so, perform step 106, adjust the keyboard scan program, and then execute the steps! 07, adjust the A/D conversion program, and then, execute step 108, query whether the A/D conversion is completed or not? If it is not completed, the query waits. If it is completed, execute step 109, save the A/D conversion result, and then execute step 1.10, adjust the update display, then return to step 102 to execute, strobe the A/D channel. Set the first A/D channel to AN. (?, set the keyboard initialization, reset the timer to the timing operation, set the timer interrupt enable, and reopen the timer interrupt.

图 3的中断服务程序执行步骤为：起始步骤 200之后，执行歩骤 201 : 保护现场，然后，执行歩骤 202: 査询是定时中断否？如果不是定时中断，执行歩骤 203 , 査询其他中断源，然后，执行步骤 204，转其他中断，再执行步骤 205，清中断标志，然后，跳至步骤 212执行，恢复现场，再执行步骤 213，开定时中断，然后，执行歩骤 214，中断返回。 The execution procedure of the interrupt service routine of FIG. 3 is as follows: After the initial step 200, the execution step 201: protects the scene, and then, performs step 202: Is the query a timed interrupt? If it is not a timer interrupt, execute step 203 to query other interrupt sources. Then, execute step 204, switch to other interrupts, and then execute step 205 to clear the interrupt flag. Then, jump to step 212 to execute, resume the scene, and then perform step 213. , the timer is interrupted, and then, step 214 is executed, and the interrupt is returned.

如果是定吋中断，执行步骤 206，关中断，再执行步骤 207，调运行控制程序，然后执行歩骤 208，査询设定标志等于 1否？如果不等于 1 , 执行歩骤 209, 调脱扣保护程序，然后，执行步骤 210，调更新显示，再执行步骤 212，恢复现场，然后，执行歩骤 2Π，丌定时中断， ― 说明书 If it is a fixed interrupt, step 206 is executed, the interrupt is turned off, and then step 207 is executed to adjust the running control program, and then step 208 is executed, and the query setting flag is equal to 1 or not? If it is not equal to 1, execute step 209, adjust the trip protection program, then, execute step 210, adjust the display, and then perform step 212 to resume the scene, and then perform step 2, 丌 timed interrupt, ― Instruction manual

~~如果执行歩骤 208，査询设定标志不等于 1，则执行歩骤 211 调初始设定程序，再执行歩骤 212，恢复现场，然后，执行歩骤 213，开定时中断再执行歩骤 214，中断返回。 ~~ If step 208 is executed, the query setting flag is not equal to 1, then step 211 is executed to adjust the initial setting program, and then step 212 is performed to restore the scene. Then, step 213 is executed, and the timer is interrupted and executed again. At step 214, the interrupt returns.

图 4的重合闸程序执行步骤如下：起始步骤 300之后，执行步骤 301，査询是重合闸中断吗？如果是重合闸中断，执行步骤 302， S重合闸端口有效，再执行步骤 303,启动重合闸，然后执行步骤 304，癀合闸标志，再执行步骤 307，返回。 The reclosing procedure of Figure 4 is performed as follows: After the initial step 300, step 301 is executed, is the query a reclosing interrupt? If the reclosing is interrupted, go to step 302, the S reclosing port is valid, and then go to step 303 to start the reclosing. Then, go to step 304, close the closing flag, and then go to step 307 to return.

执行歩骤 301，査询不是重合闸中断，执行歩骤 305,重开定时中断，然后执行步骤 306，调更新显示，再执行步骤 307，返回。 In step 301, the query is not a reclosing interrupt. Execute step 305, reopen the timer interrupt, and then step 306 is performed to update the display, and then step 307 is performed to return.

图 5的键盘扫描程序如下：起始歩骤 400之后，执^歩骤 401 , 保护现场，再执行歩骤 402, 显示 * 然后执行步骤 403，置键扫描参数，然后，执行歩骤 404, 从第一行开始扫描键盘，再执行步骤 405，测试键扫描完否？如果未完，则査询等待，如果扫描完毕，则执行步骤 406，测试有键按下否？如果无键桉下，则执行步骤 40，寳无键落标志，然后，跳至步骤 413, 恢复瑰场，执行歩骤 414, 返回。 The keyboard scanning procedure of FIG. 5 is as follows: After the initial step 400, the system 401 is executed to protect the scene, and then step 402 is executed, and then * is executed. Then, step 403 is executed, the key scan parameters are executed, and then step 404 is executed. The first line starts scanning the keyboard, and then step 405 is performed. Is the test key scanned? If not, the query waits. If the scan is completed, step 406 is executed, and the test has a key press or not? If there is no key, then step 40 is executed, and the key has no key drop flag. Then, the process goes to step 413 to restore the field, and step 414 is executed to return.

如果执行歩骤 ^6，测试有键按下，执行歩骤 408，测试此前的键命令完 ^否？如果籴完成则至歩骤 413，恢复现场，再执行歩骤 414，返回。如果执行歩骤 408, 测¾此^的键命令完成，则执行步¾ 409, 查表求键值，然后执行步骤 410，存键值，再执行步骤 411，置键落标志，然后，执 :步骤 412，调键值散转处理子程序，然后执行步骤 413，恢复现场，再执行歩骤 414，返回。 If you execute step ^6, the test has a key press, execute step 408, and test the previous key command. ^No? If the completion is completed, go to step 413, resume the scene, and then execute step 414 to return. If step 408 is executed, the key command of the test is completed, then step 3⁄4 409 is executed, the table is searched for the key value, then step 410 is executed, the key value is stored, and then step 411 is executed, the key is set, and then: In step 412, the key value is transferred to the processing subroutine, and then step 413 is executed to restore the scene, and then step 414 is executed to return.

图 6的 A/D转换程序起始步骤 500之后，执行步骤 501 , 保护现场，再执行步骤 502，关显示，然后执行步骤 503，取 A/D通道号、启动 A/D转换，然后，执行步骤 504，査询 A/D 转换完成否？如果未完成，则查询等符，如果 A/D转换完成，执行歩骤 505, 取 A/D转换结果、置 A/D转换结束标志，再执行歩骤 506, 取运算参数和参数地址，然后执行步骤 507，进行参数运算，再执行歩骤 508，运算结果置存放单元，然后执行歩骤 509，测试 A/D il t 计数等于 0否？如果等于 0，执行步骤 511，置通计数初值，置首路道号为 AN.0、置攀数 1 首址、置参数 2首址，然后执行步骤 512，恢复现场，再执行歩骤 513，返 l。 After the A/D conversion process starting step 500 of FIG. 6, step 501 is executed to protect the scene, and then step 502 is executed to close the display, and then step 503 is executed, the A/D channel number is taken, A/D conversion is started, and then executed. Step 504, Is the query A/D conversion completed? If not completed, query the equivalent, if the A/D conversion is completed, execute step 505, take the A/D conversion result, set the A/D conversion end flag, and then execute step 506, take the operation parameter and the parameter address, and then Step 507 is performed to perform a parameter operation, and then step 508 is performed. The operation result is stored in the storage unit, and then step 509 is performed. Is the test A/D il t count equal to 0? If it is equal to 0, go to step 511, set the initial value of the count, set the first road number to AN.0, set the number of the first position, set the first position of the parameter 2, and then execute step 512 to restore the scene, and then execute step 513. , return l.

如果执行歩骤 509, 测试 A/D通道计数不等丁 0, 则执行步骤 510， A/D通道计数减 1、通道号加 1、参数 1地址加 1、参数 2地址加 1 , 然后跳至步骤 503执行，取 A/D通道号、 .启动 A/D转换，直至执行步骤 513，返回。 If step 509 is performed, the test A/D channel count is not equal to 0, then step 510 is performed, the A/D channel count is decremented by 1, the channel number is incremented, the parameter 1 address is added, the parameter 2 address is incremented by 1, and then jumps to In step 503, the A/D channel number is taken, and the A/D conversion is started, until step 513 is executed, and the process returns.

图 7的运行控制程序执行歩骤：起始歩骤 600之后，执行步骤 601，保护现场，然后执行步骤 602，査询设定标志等于 1否？如果不等于 1，则执行步骤 603，调初始化设定程 ^^，然后，执行步骤 617，保存额定值 Ir，然后，执行步骤 618，调更新显示，再执行步骤 619，恢复现场，然后执行步骤 620，返回。说明书 The operation control program execution step of FIG. 7: After the start step 600, step 601 is executed to protect the scene, and then step 602 is executed, and the query setting flag is equal to 1 or not? If it is not equal to 1, step 603 is executed to initialize the setting process ^^, then step 617 is executed to save the rated value Ir, then step 618 is executed, the update display is performed, and then step 619 is executed to restore the scene, and then the steps are performed. 620, return. Instruction manual

~~如果执行歩骤 602，设定标志不等于 1，则执行歩骤 604，取短路电压值、额定值 k、负载电流 In、负载电流 In的相位、负载端电压，然后，执行步骤 605，测试负载端电压短路电压值否？如果负载端电压短路电压值，执行步骤 606，测试负载电流 In 极限短路电流否？如果负载电流 ¾ 极限短路电流，执行步骤 607,调脱扣保护程序，然后，执行歩骤 617"，保存额定值 Ir，然后，执行步骤 618, 调更新显示，再执行步骤 619，恢复现场，然后执行步骤 620，返回。 ~~ If step 602 is performed, the setting flag is not equal to 1, then step 604 is performed to take the short circuit voltage value, the rated value k, the load current In, the phase of the load current In, and the load terminal voltage, and then, step 605 is performed. Test load voltage short circuit voltage value? If the load terminal voltage is short-circuited, perform step 606 to test the load current In limit short-circuit current. If the load current 3⁄4 limit short-circuit current, go to step 607, adjust the trip protection program, then, execute step 617", save the rated value Ir, then, perform step 618, adjust the display, and then perform step 619 to restore the scene, then Go to step 620 and return.

如果执行歩骤 605，测试负载端电压不短路电压值，或执行歩骤^ )6, 负载电流 In不极限短路电流，则都执行歩骤 608，测试负载电流 In阶跃式增加否？如果没有阶跃式增加; 跳至步骤 611执行，测试负载屯流 In的变化稳定否？ If step 605 is performed, the test load voltage is not short-circuited, or the step ^)6 is executed, and the load current In is not the limit short-circuit current, then step 608 is performed, and the test load current In step increase is not increased? If there is no step increase; skip to step 611 to perform, test load turbulence Is the change in stability stable?

如果执行步鎳 608，负载电流 In 跃式增加，执行步骤 09，测试负载电流 In超过当前额定值否？如果不超过当前额定值，执行歩骤 617，保存额定值 Ir，然后，执行步骤 618，调更新显示，执行步骤 619, 复瑰场， ^后执行步骤 .620, 返 0。如果超过当前额定值 Ιί，执行歩骤 610,取单位时间变化曲线的参数、测试负载电流 In的变化曲线，然后执行步骧 6il , 测试负毂电; lH变化稳定否？如果负载电流 In变化稳定，则执行歩疆 612，记忆并存储 3前负载电流 In，并将记忆、存储的负载电流 In替换为额定值 Ir， ^后，执行步骤 617，保存额定值 Ir，然后，执行步骤 618, 调更新显示，再执行步骤《9，恢复现场，然后执行步骤 620，返回。 If step nickel 608 is performed, the load current In jumps up. Perform step 09, Test load current In exceeds the current rating. If the current rating is not exceeded, execute step 617, save the rated value Ir, and then perform step 618, update the display, perform step 619, repeat the field, and then execute step .620, return 0. If the current rated value 超过ί is exceeded, perform step 610, take the parameter of the unit time curve and test the load current In, and then perform step 6il to test the negative hub. Is the lH stable? If the load current In changes stably, execute the 612, store and store the 3 front load current In, and replace the memory and stored load current In with the rated value Ir, ^, then perform step 617 to save the rated value Ir, and then Step 618, update the display, and then perform step "9, restore the scene, and then perform step 620, return.

如果执行步骤 611，测试负载电流 In变化不稳定，则执行步骤 613，测试负载电流 In持续增加吗？如果负载电流 In持续增加，执行步骤 614，调脱扣保护程序，然后，执行步骤 617, 保存额定值 lr，然后，执行歩骤 618，调更新显示，再执行歩骤 619, 恢复现场，然后执行歩骤 620，返回。 If step 611 is performed and the test load current In is unstable, then step 613 is performed, and the test load current In continues to increase? If the load current In continues to increase, step 614 is performed to adjust the trip protection program. Then, step 617 is executed to save the rated value lr. Then, step 618 is executed, the update display is performed, and then step 619 is executed to restore the scene, and then executed. Step 620, return.

如果执行歩骤 6 ，负载电流 Τπ不持续增加，执行歩骤 615，测试负载电流 in阶跃式减小否？如果负载屯流 In阶跃式减小，执行步骤 616,记忆并存储当前负载屯流 Ip，并将记忆、存储的负载电流 In替换为额定值 Ir，然后，执行步骤 617, 保存额定值 Ir, 然后，执行步骤 618, 调更新显示，再执行步骤 619，恢复现场，然后执行歩骤 620，返回。 If step 6 is performed, the load current Τπ does not continue to increase. Execute step 615, test load current in step reduction? If the load turbulence In step is reduced, step 616 is performed, the current load turbulence Ip is memorized and stored, and the stored and stored load current In is replaced with the rated value Ir. Then, step 617 is executed to save the rated value Ir. Then, step 618 is executed to update the display, and then step 619 is executed to restore the scene, and then step 620 is executed to return.

如果执行步骤 615, 负载电流 In未阶跃式减小，执行歩骤 617，保存额定值 lr, 然后，执行歩骤 618，调更新显示，再执行歩骤 619，恢复现场，然后执行歩骤 620，返回。 If step 615 is performed, the load current In is not stepped down, and step 617 is executed to save the rated value lr. Then, step 618 is performed to update the display, and then step 619 is executed to restore the scene, and then step 620 is performed. , return.

图 8的脱扣保护程序歩骤如下：起始歩骤 700之后，执行歩骤 701，取负载电流 In，取额定值 Ir，取过载、短路保护脱扣参数值，取漏电、接地、报警保护参数值，再执行步骤 702， ¾试漏电、接地的测量值大于各自的设定值否？如果不大于各自的设定值，执行步骤 704，测试负载电流 In大于或等于瞬时脱扣值否？如果负载电流 In大于或等于瞬时脱扣值，执行说明书 The trip protection procedure of Figure 8 is as follows: After the initial step 700, execute step 701, take the load current In, take the rated value Ir, take the overload and short circuit protection trip parameter values, take the leakage, ground, alarm protection Parameter value, then go to step 702, 3⁄4 test leakage, ground measurement is greater than the respective set value? If it is not greater than the respective set value, step 704 is executed, and the test load current In is greater than or equal to the instantaneous trip value? If the load current In is greater than or equal to the instantaneous trip value, perform Instruction book

歩骤 708，保存负载电流 In, 启动报警电路发出声光报警，断路器脱扣保护，然后执行歩骤Step 708, save the load current In, start the alarm circuit to emit an audible and visual alarm, the circuit breaker trip protection, and then execute the step

716, 调更新显示，再执行歩骤 717，返回。 716, update the display, and then execute step 717, return.

如果执行步骤 702, 测试漏屯、接地任意个测量值大于其相应的设定值，则执行步骤 7.03，则启动脱扣保护，然后执行步骤 717，返回。 If step 702 is performed, if any measured value of the leakage and grounding is greater than its corresponding set value, then step 7.03 is executed, then the trip protection is started, and then step 717 is performed to return.

如果执行步骤 704，测试负载电流 1¾不大于或等十瞬时脱扣值，执行步骤 705，测试负载电流 i大于短延时脱扣值否（龠称短脱扣电流）？如果大于短延时脱扣值，执行歩骤 706，计算 STD短延时时间并延时处理，然后，执行步骤 707, 再测试负载电流 In大于短延时脱扣值否？如果大于短延时脱扣值，则跳歩骤 708执行，保存负载电流 I 启动报警电路发出声光报警，同时启动脱扣保护，然后执行步骤 716，调更新示，再执行步骤 717，返回。 If step 704 is performed, the test load current 13⁄4 is not greater than or equal to the ten instantaneous trip value, and step 705 is performed, and the test load current i is greater than the short delay trip value (nickname short trip current). If it is greater than the short delay trip value, execute step 706, calculate the STD short delay time and delay the processing, and then perform step 707, and then test the load current In is greater than the short delay trip value? If it is greater than the short delay trip value, jump 708 is executed to save the load current. The start alarm circuit emits an audible and visual alarm, and at the same time, the trip protection is started. Then, step 716 is performed, the update is performed, and then step 717 is performed to return.

如果执行步骤 707或执行步骤 705, 测试结果均不大于短 ¾时脱扣值，执行步骤 709，测试负载电流 In大于长延时脱扣值否（简称长脱扣电流）？如果负载电流 In大于长延时脱扣值，执行歩骤 710，计算 LTD长延时的时间并延时处理，然后，再执行歩骤 711 , 再测试负载电流 In大于长延时脱扣值否？如果负载电流 In大于长延时脱扣值，则跳至步骤 708执行，保存负载电流 In，启动报警电路发出声光报警，同时启动脱扣保护，然后执行歩骤 716，调更新显示，再执行步骤 717, 返回。 If step 707 is executed or step 705 is performed, the test result is not greater than the trip value at the short 3⁄4, and step 709 is performed, and the test load current In is greater than the long delay trip value (referred to as long trip current). If the load current In is greater than the long delay trip value, perform step 710, calculate the length of the LTD long delay and delay processing, and then execute step 711, and then test the load current In is greater than the long delay trip value. ? If the load current In is greater than the long delay trip value, then the process goes to step 708 to execute, save the load current In, start the alarm circuit to sound and light alarm, and start the trip protection, then execute step 716, adjust the display, and then execute Step 717, return.

如果执行步骤 711或执行步骤 709, 测试负载电流 In均不大于长延时脱扣值，则执行步骤 712，取预报警值，然后，执行步骤 713，测试负载电流 In大于预报警值否？如果大于预报警值，则执行步骤 714，启动预报警电路发出声光报警信号，然后执行歩骤 716，调更新显示，再执行歩骤 717，返回。 If step 711 is executed or step 709 is performed, and the test load current In is not greater than the long delay trip value, step 712 is executed to obtain the pre-alarm value. Then, step 713 is performed to test whether the load current In is greater than the pre-alarm value. If it is greater than the pre-alarm value, step 714 is executed, the pre-alarm circuit is activated to emit an audible and visual alarm signal, and then step 716 is performed to update the display, and then step 717 is performed to return.

如果执行歩骤 713，测试负载电流 In不大于预报警值，执行歩骤 715, 保存负载电流 In, 然后，执行步骤 716，调更新显示，再执 l步骤 717，返回。 If step 713 is performed, the test load current In is not greater than the pre-alarm value, and step 715 is executed to save the load current In. Then, step 716 is performed to update the display, and then step 717 is returned.

图 9的初始化设定程序歩骤如下：起始歩骤 850之后，执行歩骤 851 , 保护现场，再执行步骤 852，取设定参数的计数，然后执行步骤 853, 取短路电压设定值地址、额定值 Ir地址、负载电流 In地址、负载电流 In的相位地址、负载端电压地址，取接地、漏电、缺相设定值地址，取过载长延时、短路短延时、短路瞬时值地址，取预报警值地址，然后，执行步骤 854，调键盘设定程序，然后，执行歩骤 855，顺序取设定参数进行设定，再执行歩骤 856，测试参数计数 =0否？，如果参数计数≠0，执行歩骤 857，参数计数一 1、参数地址 + 1，然后，跳回到歩骤 853执行，取短路电压设定值地址、额定值 Ir地址、负载电流 In地址、负载电流 In的相位地址、负载端电压地址，取接地、瘺电、缺相设定值地址，取过载长延时、短路短延时、短路瞬时值地址，取预报警值地址； The initial setting procedure of FIG. 9 is as follows: After the initial step 850, the step 851 is executed to protect the scene, and then step 852 is executed to take the count of the set parameters, and then step 853 is performed to obtain the short-circuit voltage set value address. , rated Ir address, load current In address, load current In phase address, load terminal voltage address, ground, leakage, phase loss set value address, take overload long delay, short circuit short delay, short circuit instantaneous value address , take the pre-alarm value address, and then execute step 854, adjust the keyboard setting program, and then execute step 855, sequentially set the setting parameters to be set, and then execute step 856, the test parameter count=0=0? If the parameter count is ≠0, execute step 857, the parameter counts one, the parameter address + 1, and then jumps back to step 853 for execution, taking the short-circuit voltage set value address, the rated value Ir address, the load current In address , the phase address of the load current In, the voltage address of the load terminal, take the ground, the power, the phase-deficient set value address, take the overload long delay, short-circuit short delay, short-circuit instantaneous value address, take the pre-alarm value address;

如果执行步骤 856，测试参数计数等于 0, 执行步骤 858，保存全部设定参数，然后执行；说明书 _; If step 856 is performed, the test parameter count is equal to 0, and step 858 is executed, all setting parameters are saved, and then executed. Instruction manual _;

步骤 859，清除设定标志，再执行步骤 860, 恢复现场，然后，执行步骤 861，返回。 In step 859, the setting flag is cleared, and then step 860 is performed to restore the scene. Then, step 861 is executed to return.

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的键盘主要用于转入设定程序和提供人 T.设定、修改运行参数，般运行 ·次设定程序既可完成参数设定，并且自动转入运行程序，键盘只是提供了作为人工设定和修改之用。 Tracking load change The automatic rating circuit breaker's keyboard is mainly used to transfer the setting program and provider T. setting, modify the operating parameters, the general operation, the secondary setting program can complete the parameter setting, and automatically transfer to the running program. The keyboard is only provided for manual setup and modification.

作为断路器，他的保护分断功能是十分重要的，因此，本发明的跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器其额定值 k是根据用户实际负载而跟踪设定，从而使保护性能极大地提高，可靠性更好，实用性更强，加之漏电保护、接地保护及声光报警功能，对各种电气 ^灾隐患可提供最全面的保护，也可以通过通讯端口与其他电器或智能电网联接，组成网络式控制***。 As a circuit breaker, his protection breaking function is very important. Therefore, the tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker of the present invention has a rating k which is tracked according to the actual load of the user, thereby greatly improving the protection performance and being reliable. Better performance, more practical, combined with leakage protection, grounding protection and sound and light alarm function, can provide the most comprehensive protection for various electrical hazards, and can also be connected to other electrical appliances or smart grid through communication ports to form a network. Control system.

踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的电子控制*** 4可以做成模块结构，便于在其他断路器上实施。 The electronic control system 4 of the automatic load rating circuit breaker with variable load change can be made into a modular structure for easy implementation on other circuit breakers.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

1、一种跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器，主耍由动、静触头组件（1 )，电动脱扣机构（2)，电动重合闸机构（3)，电子控制***（4)，电流传感器（Ll、 L12、 L3)，漏传感器（L4) 和接地传感器（L5),组成，其电子控制***（4)的控制核心由单片机或数字信号处理器（IC1 ) 组成，电子控制***（4)的***电路包括信号调理电路、相位检测电路、电压检测电路以及显示器和键盘，跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器除具有基本的过载保护、短路保护功能外，还有进行网络连接的通讯端口和现场总线接口，其特征在于： 1. An automatic rated value circuit breaker for tracking load change, main playing dynamic and static contact assembly (1), electric tripping mechanism (2), electric reclosing mechanism (3), electronic control system (4), current The sensor (Ll, L12, L3), the leakage sensor (L4) and the grounding sensor (L5) are composed of the control core of the electronic control system (4) consisting of a single chip microcomputer or a digital signal processor (IC1), an electronic control system (4) The peripheral circuits include signal conditioning circuit, phase detection circuit, voltage detection circuit, and display and keyboard. Tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker has basic overload protection and short circuit protection function, as well as communication port for network connection. Fieldbus interface, characterized by:

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器至少有负载电流（In) 的测电路作为采集处理***作为主要信息来源，或由负载电压检测电路、负载电流（In) 的相位检测电路组成的采集处理 ***作为信息来源； Tracking load change Automatic rating circuit breaker The circuit with at least load current (In) is used as the main source of information for the acquisition processing system, or the acquisition processing system consisting of the load voltage detection circuit and the phase detection circuit of the load current (In). Source

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器至少根据采集的负载电压与负载电流（In) 的变化作为判断与区分断路器工作状态与故障状态的依据，或将采集的负载电流（In) 的相位及其计算获得的功率因数作为判断与区分断路器工作状态与故障状态的依据；或同时将采集的负载电流（In)、负载电压、负载电流（In) 的相位及其通过运算获得的功率因数作为判断与区分断路器工作状态与故障状态的依据； Tracking load change The automatic rating circuit breaker is based on at least the change of the collected load voltage and load current (In) as the basis for judging and distinguishing the working state and fault state of the circuit breaker, or the phase of the collected load current (In) and its calculation. The obtained power factor is used as a basis for judging and distinguishing the working state and the fault state of the circuit breaker; or simultaneously calculating the collected load current (In), the load voltage, the phase of the load current (In) and the power factor obtained by the operation as a judgment and Distinguish the basis of the working state and fault state of the circuit breaker;

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的初始状态设定为：额定值（Ir) 为最大标称电流值或最大框架电流值，短路电压设定为最大短路电流下负载端电压，一般设定在额定电源电压卞的一个较低的电压值或者为零，负载电流（In) 的相位及负载的功率因数为正常负载下的负鍰各相电流相位及负载功率因数； Tracking load change The initial state of the automatic rating circuit breaker is set to: The rated value (Ir) is the maximum nominal current value or the maximum frame current value, and the short-circuit voltage is set to the maximum terminal current under the load terminal voltage, which is generally set at the rated value. A lower voltage value of the power supply voltage 或者 or zero, the phase of the load current (In) and the power factor of the load are negative 锾 phase current phase and load power factor under normal load;

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器的额定值（Ir) 的自动设卑由电子控制***（4) 的单片机（IC1 ) 的程序存储器内栩应的软件親序在对负载电压、负载电流（In)、负载电流（In) 的相位进行运算分析结果的记忆存储，并将记忆存储的结果对额定值（Ir) 的替换完成； Tracking load change The automatic rating of the circuit breaker's rated value (Ir) is automatically set by the electronic control system (4) in the program memory of the microcontroller (IC1) in the program memory in the load voltage, load current (In) The phase of the load current (In) is stored in the memory of the operation analysis result, and the replacement of the memory storage result with the rated value (Ir) is completed;

2、如权利要求 1所述跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器，其特征还在于- 跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器在运行中，实时监控电源电压、负载电压、负载电流（In) 负载电流（In) 的相位及功率因数； 2. The tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker according to claim 1, further characterized by - tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker in operation, real-time monitoring of power supply voltage, load voltage, load current (In) load current ( Phase and power factor of In);

如果负载电流（In)增加超过其最大短路极限电流，而负载 ¾压低于短路电压，则判定为发生短路故障，并立即进入短路保护程序； If the load current (In) increases beyond its maximum short-circuit limit current and the load 3⁄4 voltage is lower than the short-circuit voltage, it is determined that a short-circuit fault has occurred and immediately enters the short-circuit protection procedure;

如果阶跃后的负载电流（In)〉极限额定值（Ir), 则立即进入短路、过载保护程序；（极限额定值（Ir), 即为初始化状态的额定值（Ir)) If the load current (In) > limit rating (Ir) after the step, immediately enter the short circuit and overload protection program; (Limited rating (Ir), which is the rated value (Ir) of the initial state)

如果阶跃后的负载电流（In) 极限额定值 (Ir), 则先进入重复测试程序（单位时间内重复测试 n次采样）：如果负载电流（in)继续上升，则判断为短路或过载故障状态，进入短路、过载保护程序；如果负载电流（In)相对稳定在某一值上，则判断为额定负载增加，进权利要求书入更新设定程序：记忆并存储当前负载电流（In)，将记忆并存储的负载电流（In)替换为额定值（Ir); 额定值更新后，进入运行状态。 If the load current (In) limit rating (Ir) after the step, first enter the repeat test procedure (repeated test n times per unit time): If the load current (in) continues to rise, it is judged as a short circuit or overload fault State, enter short circuit, overload protection program; if the load current (In) is relatively stable at a certain value, it is judged that the rated load is increased, The claim is updated into the setting procedure: The current load current (In) is memorized and stored, and the stored and stored load current (In) is replaced with the rated value (Ir); after the rated value is updated, the operating state is entered.

如果负载端电压正常或降低，负载电流（In)出现阶越式增加，并且超过当前额定值（Ir) 及允许误差极限，判断为负载增加或发生过载故障，进入下一步判断程序- 判断程序为先取单位时间变化曲线的参数，然后，査询或测试负载电流（In) 的变化曲线，如果査询或测试负载电流（In)变化曲线相对稳定，则判断为额定负载增加，进入额定值（Ir)整定、修改程序：记忆并存储当前负载电 (In), 将记忆并存储的负载电流（In) 替换为额定值（Ir)，然后进入运行状态； If the load terminal voltage is normal or decreases, the load current (In) increases step by step, and exceeds the current rated value (Ir) and the allowable error limit. If it is judged that the load is increased or an overload fault occurs, proceed to the next step of determining the program - the judgment procedure is First take the parameters of the unit time curve, and then query or test the load current (In) curve. If the query or test load current (In) curve is relatively stable, it is judged that the rated load increases and enters the rated value (Ir Setting and modifying the program: Memorize and store the current load (In), replace the stored and stored load current (In) with the rated value (Ir), and then enter the running state;

如果査询或测试负载电流（In) 变化曲线持续向上增长，则视为负载加重，判断为出现过载故障，转入过载保护程序； If the query or test load current (In) curve continues to increase upwards, it is considered that the load is aggravated, and it is judged that an overload fault occurs and is transferred to the overload protection program;

如果负载电压正常、负载电流（In)阶越式减小，查或测试负载电流 (In)变化曲线相对稳定，则判断为额定负载减轻，进入额定值（Ir)整定、修改程序：记忆并存储当前负载电流 (In), 将记忆并存储的负载电流（In)替换为额定值（Ir)，然后，进入运行状态。 If the load voltage is normal and the load current (In) step is decreased, check or test the load current (In) curve is relatively stable, then it is judged that the rated load is reduced, enter the rated value (Ir) setting, modify the program: Memory and storage The current load current (In) replaces the stored and stored load current (In) with the rated value (Ir) and then enters the operating state.

3、如权利要求 2所述跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器，其判断程序特征还在于- 査询或测试方法可以采用单位时间重复测试次数的方法，也可以采用延迟一段时间再査询、测试的方法。 3. The tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the determining program is further characterized in that: the query or test method can adopt the method of repeating the number of tests per unit time, or can be delayed and then searched and tested. Methods.

4、如权利要求 1所述踉踪负载变化自动额定 It断路器，其特征还在于： 4. The tracked load change automatic rated It circuit breaker of claim 1 further characterized by:

跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路耱的电源电压、负载电压、负载电流（In)和负载电流（In) 的相位及功率因数的参数和过载、短路、接地、漏电的保护参数可以由键盘人工设定或修改，并且可以通过其通讯功能由远程终端监控和设定； Tracking load changes Automatic rating Breaking power supply voltage, load voltage, load current (In) and load current (In) phase and power factor parameters and overload, short circuit, ground, leakage protection parameters can be manually set by the keyboard Or modified, and can be monitored and set by the remote terminal through its communication function;

5、如权利要求 1所述跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器，其特征还在于： 5. The tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker of claim 1 further characterized by:

上电或复位时可设置成默认的停机前的状态，也可以设置成上电或复位时进入设定状态。 It can be set to the default state before the power-on or reset, or it can be set to enter the setting state when power-on or reset.

6、如权利要求 2所述跟踪负载变化自动额定值断路器，其特征还在于： 6. The tracking load change automatic rating circuit breaker of claim 2 further characterized by:

判断程序可以加入如下参考判断方法，如果负载电流（In) 增加，负载电流（In) 的相位及功率因数超过正常状态的相位及功率因数，则判定为发生过载，并进入过载保护程序；如果负载电流（In)增加，负载电流（In) 的相位及功率因数仍保持正常状态的相位及功率因数，则判定为新负载接入，则转入额定值（Ir) 整定、修改程序：记忆并存储当前负载电流（In)，将记忆并存储的负载 Hi流（In)替换额定值（Ir 然后，进入运行状态；如果负载电流（In)减小，负载电流（In) 的相位及功率因数仍保持正常状态的相位及功率因数，则判定为负载减轻，则转入额定值 ΠΓ)整定、修改程序：记忆并存储当前负载电流（In), 将记忆并存储的负载电流（In)值换为额定值（Ir), 然后，进入运行状态。 The judgment program may add the following reference judgment method. If the load current (In) increases, the phase and power factor of the load current (In) exceed the phase and power factor of the normal state, it is determined that an overload occurs, and the overload protection program is entered; When the current (In) increases, the phase and power factor of the load current (In) remain in the normal phase and power factor, then it is determined that the new load is connected, then the rated value (Ir) is transferred to the tuning and modification procedure: Memory and storage Current load current (In), replace the stored and stored load Hi stream (In) with the rated value (Ir then enter the operating state; if the load current (In) decreases, the phase and power factor of the load current (In) remain If the phase and power factor of the normal state are determined to be reduced, the value will be transferred to the rated value. 整) Tuning and modifying the program: Memorize and store the current load current (In), and change the stored and stored load current (In) value to the rated value. The value (Ir), then, enters the running state.