WO2011075909A1 - 一种多燃料汽车的控制***及汽车 - Google Patents

一种多燃料汽车的控制***及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011075909A1
WO2011075909A1 PCT/CN2009/076052 CN2009076052W WO2011075909A1 WO 2011075909 A1 WO2011075909 A1 WO 2011075909A1 CN 2009076052 W CN2009076052 W CN 2009076052W WO 2011075909 A1 WO2011075909 A1 WO 2011075909A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
gasoline
supply device
alcohol
control unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/076052
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金先扬
宋金环
Original Assignee
上海华普汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海华普汽车有限公司 filed Critical 上海华普汽车有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2009/076052 priority Critical patent/WO2011075909A1/zh
Publication of WO2011075909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011075909A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0652—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
    • F02D19/0655—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils at least one fuel being an alcohol, e.g. ethanol
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2510/0676—Engine temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
    • B60W2530/209—Fuel quantity remaining in tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0628—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical automation, and more particularly to a control system, method and automobile for a multi-fuel automobile. Background technique
  • the control system of the gas-gasoline dual-fuel vehicle is: Based on the original gasoline supply device and the gasoline electronic control unit, a gas supply device, a gas transfer switch and a gas electronic control unit are added.
  • the gasoline electronic control unit is referred to as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) Q.
  • the gas electronic control unit is referred to as an additional ECU.
  • the original car ECU and the additional ECU are connected by a wire harness.
  • the additional ECU directly controls the gas injection system to supply gas to the engine.
  • the additional ECU can indirectly control the gasoline injection system through the original vehicle ECU to supply gasoline to the engine.
  • the original vehicle ECU has calibrated and matched the parameters of various working conditions of the engine before adding the gas supply device, and can accurately control the parameters such as the quantitative injection and ignition timing of the gasoline.
  • the gasoline drive form of the car is an additional ECU that controls the opening and closing of the original car ECU, but only the signal transmission, and the performance of the car in the gasoline drive mode does not change. That is, the car is still essentially a gasoline-driven form, and the control is dominated by the original car ECU.
  • the input signals such as the fuel injection signal, the rotational speed signal, the gas temperature signal, and the gas pressure signal are corrected and corrected, and converted into a jet time signal to control the opening and closing of the gas nozzle.
  • the fuel injection signal and the rotational speed signal are acquired by the gas ECU through the original vehicle ECU.
  • the additional ECU controls the gas injection system, it is impossible to accurately calibrate the ignition timing such as the valve timing and the ignition advance angle according to the physical and chemical characteristics of the gas and the combustion characteristics.
  • the additional ECU controls the amount of fuel injected by the original vehicle ECU. This control is passive and linear, while the engine's operation is instantaneous, flexible and highly non-linear. Therefore, under the gas-driven mode, the engine is less dynamic. The consumption of gas is high, and the environmental performance is not optimal. Disclosure of invention
  • the invention provides a control system, a method and a vehicle for a multi-fuel automobile, which can optimize the performance of the engine when the engine uses different fuels; and solve the two electronic control units respectively used in the prior art , when the engine uses a certain fuel, the technical performance is poor, the fuel consumption is large, and the pollutants are discharged seriously.
  • a control system for a multi-fuel automobile includes a multi-fuel electronic control unit, a gasoline supply device, an alcohol fuel supply device, and a coolant temperature sensor;
  • the coolant temperature sensor is connected to the multi-fuel electronic control unit, and the multi-fuel electronic control unit respectively controls the gasoline supply device and the alcohol fuel supply device according to the signal sent by the coolant temperature sensor;
  • the coolant temperature sensor is configured to monitor a water temperature of the engine, and send the water temperature parameter signal to the multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit includes therein calibration data and a working program for controlling a plurality of fuel supplies and engine operations, and the multi-fuel electronic control unit receives parameters of the coolant temperature sensor to determine whether the water temperature exceeds a preset a constant temperature, if a predetermined temperature is exceeded, for transmitting a control command to the alcohol fuel supply device, the alcohol fuel supply device for supplying methanol to the engine; and conversely the multi-fuel electronic control unit is for transmitting control An instruction is made to the gasoline supply device for supplying gasoline to the engine.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit selects when to provide fuel to the engine based on the signals monitored by the water temperature sensor, and mobilizes which control data controls which fuel to operate, thereby achieving optimal output of the engine.
  • the multi-fuel vehicle of the invention adopts an ECU to control the supply of multiple sets of fuel and the work of the engine, thereby improving the flexibility of control, and does not need to move back and forth between the data of the two ECUs, so that the engine reacts quickly and at the same time realizes A physical property of the fuel, combustion characteristics, etc., accurate calibration and control of parameters such as valve timing, ignition advance angle, and fuel injection timing.
  • the alcohol fuel supply device further includes an alcohol fuel system pressure sensor disposed on the oil supply line of the alcohol fuel supply device, configured to monitor an oil supply pressure of the alcohol fuel, and send a pressure signal to the Multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • an alcohol fuel system pressure sensor disposed on the oil supply line of the alcohol fuel supply device, configured to monitor an oil supply pressure of the alcohol fuel, and send a pressure signal to the Multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit is configured to send a control command to the gasoline supply device when the pressure is less than the alcohol fuel supply pressure set value, the gasoline supply device supplying gasoline to the engine.
  • the gasoline supply device further includes a gasoline system pressure sensor disposed on the fuel supply line of the gasoline supply device, configured to monitor a fuel supply pressure of the gasoline, and send a pressure signal to the multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit is configured to transmit a control command to the alcohol fuel supply device when the pressure is less than the gasoline fuel supply pressure set value, and the alcohol fuel supply device supplies the alcohol fuel to the engine.
  • the alcohol fuel supply device further includes an alcohol fuel level sensor for measuring a liquid level of the alcohol fuel in the alcohol fuel supply device, and transmitting a liquid level signal to the multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit is configured to send a control command to the gasoline supply device, the gasoline supply device supplies gasoline to the engine; and simultaneously transmits control The command is to an alcohol fuel alarm, and the alcohol fuel alarm is used for an alarm.
  • the gasoline supply device further includes a gasoline liquid level sensor for measuring a liquid level of the gasoline in the gasoline supply device, and transmitting a liquid level signal to the multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit is configured to send a control command to an alcohol fuel supply device, and the alcohol fuel supply device supplies an alcohol fuel to the engine; A control command is sent to the gasoline alarm, and the gasoline alarm is used for an alarm.
  • a throttle position sensor for monitoring a throttle opening degree, and transmitting a throttle opening degree signal to the multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • the vehicle speed sensor is configured to monitor a vehicle speed and send a vehicle speed signal to the multi-fuel electronic control unit;
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit transmits a control command to the gasoline supply device, the gasoline supply device supplying gasoline to the engine.
  • the preset temperature ranges from 45 to 60 degrees.
  • the gasoline supply device and the alcohol fuel supply device are disposed on the same side or symmetrically on the floor of the automobile.
  • the multi-fuel automobile further includes a gasoline evaporation recovery device, and the gasoline vapor generated in the gasoline fuel supply device is adsorbed and desorbed by the gasoline carbon canister, and then recovered and controlled by the gasoline canister control valve to the engine.
  • the multi-fuel automobile further includes an alcohol fuel evaporation recovery device, and the alcohol fuel vapor generated in the alcohol fuel supply device is adsorbed and desorbed by the alcohol fuel carbon canister, and the alcohol fuel canister control valve is Control recycling to the engine.
  • the multi-fuel vehicle further includes a multi-fuel three-way catalytic converter for catalytically converting exhaust pollutant emissions of a plurality of fuels.
  • the present invention also provides a multi-fuel vehicle including the control system of the multi-fuel vehicle.
  • the multi-fuel vehicle further includes a gasoline reserve display table and an alcohol fuel reserve display table, a first indicating device that displays an operating state of the alcohol fuel supply device, a second indicating device that displays an operating state of the gasoline supply device, and a gasoline minimum liquid level alarm Device and alcohol fuel minimum level alarm device;
  • the gasoline reserve display table and the alcohol fuel reserve display table are respectively used for displaying the liquid level of the gasoline in the gasoline fuel tank and the liquid level of the alcohol fuel in the alcohol fuel fuel tank;
  • the first indicating device and the second indicating device wherein the first indicating device is configured to display an operating state of the alcohol fuel supply device; the second indicating device is configured to display an operating state of the gasoline feeding device; Display table and alcohol fuel reserve display table, first indicating device showing working state of alcohol fuel supply device, second indicating device showing working state of gasoline supply device, gasoline minimum liquid level alarm device and alcohol fuel minimum liquid level alarm The device is integrated on the vehicle dashboard.
  • a gasoline fuel filler port and an alcohol fuel filler port symmetrically disposed on both sides of the vehicle body are further included.
  • a first fuel tank key for switching the gasoline fuel tank a second fuel tank key for opening and closing the automobile engine, and a second fuel tank key for switching the alcohol fuel tank are further included.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit stores a gasoline worker Programs and data in the mode and procedures and data in the alcohol fuel operating mode.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit determines when to supply gasoline to the engine and when to supply the alcohol fuel to the engine by determining the water temperature of the engine.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit can accurately adjust parameters such as ignition timing, fuel injection amount, and injection time in different fuel supply modes, thereby ensuring optimal use of the engine when different fuels are used. Performance, increased service life.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a determination condition-water temperature transition based on the start of a gasoline driving mode to a normal methanol driving mode according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural view of a multi-fuel vehicle control system based on the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of signal processing of a multi-fuel electronic control unit based on the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an oil quantity display instrument based on the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a first indicating device and a second indicating device of a methanol/gasoline dual fuel vehicle based on the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of an instrument panel of a methanol/gasoline dual fuel vehicle based on the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an alarm indicating device based on the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the vehicle body of a multi-fuel vehicle of the present invention. Best way to implement the invention
  • the present invention provides a control system for a multi-fuel automobile, including a multi-fuel electronic control unit, a gasoline supply device, an alcohol fuel supply device, and a coolant temperature sensor.
  • the coolant temperature sensor is configured to monitor a water temperature of the engine, and send the water temperature to the multi-fuel electronic control unit.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit determines that the water temperature exceeds a preset temperature, and is configured to send a control command to the alcohol fuel supply device, wherein the alcohol fuel supply device is configured to supply methanol to the engine;
  • a fuel electronic control unit is configured to send a control command to the gasoline supply device for supplying gasoline to the engine.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit simultaneously stores programs and data in the gasoline working mode and programs and data in the alcohol fuel operating mode.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit determines when to supply gasoline to the engine and when to supply alcohol fuel to the engine by determining the water temperature of the engine.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit can accurately adjust and control parameters such as ignition timing, fuel injection amount, and injection time in different fuel supply modes by processing the detected values of the respective sensors. This ensures that the engine will perform optimally when using different fuels, increasing the service life.
  • the multi-fuel electronic control unit of the present invention is an ECU, which is different from the two ECUs in the prior art, that is, the type of the original vehicle ECU and the additional ECU.
  • the alcohol fuel of the present invention may be methanol or ethanol. Of course, it can also be used for other types of fuel. It suffices to calibrate the operational data of the fuel in the multi-fuel ECU according to the performance of the fuel.
  • the invention introduces a control system of a multi-fuel automobile by taking gasoline and methanol as examples.
  • methanol has a high latent heat of vaporization (1110 kj/kg, about 3.5 times that of gasoline) and a high flash point (11 °C), therefore, the car uses methanol fuel to start directly, not only has difficulty in starting, but more importantly. It is the cold start process and the warm-up process after start-up. The methanol combustion is incomplete, producing a large amount of combustion intermediates - unburned methanol and formaldehyde. At the same time, in this process, the aftertreatment system three-way catalytic converter has not yet reached the optimum catalytic conversion temperature. Therefore, cars use methanol to start directly, and their emissions are especially unconventional, with poor emissions and serious environmental pollution. However, methanol itself has high oxygen content and high combustion. If it reaches its combustion temperature, its conventional emissions, such as C0, HC, etc., are lower than gasoline vehicles, and it is the world's recognized clean fuel. Therefore, the present invention chooses to use gasoline to start.
  • FIG. 1 the figure is a schematic diagram of a water temperature conversion based on the determination condition for starting the gasoline driving mode to the normal methanol driving mode according to the present invention.
  • the abscissa is the water temperature T and the ordinate is the discharge ⁇ .
  • the principle of the preset temperature is: performing emission calibration of methanol fuel from start-up, warm-up to normal operation conditions, and when the discharge is relatively superior, the cooling water temperature region corresponding to the engine is ⁇ - ⁇ 2; When the emission calibration is started to the normal operating condition, when the emission is relatively poor, the temperature region corresponding to the engine cooling water is T u -T 22 .
  • the predetermined temperature may be any water temperature value within the intersection of the ⁇ - ⁇ 2 and the T u -T 22 .
  • the preset temperature is a conversion basis of the gasoline driving mode to the normal methanol driving mode.
  • the preset temperature range of the present invention is 45-60 degrees.
  • the gasoline supply device includes:
  • Gasoline fuel amount sensor 201 gasoline fuel tank 202, gasoline electronic oil pump 203, gasoline electronic oil pump relay 204, gasoline filter 205, gasoline system pressure sensor 206, gasoline oil pressure regulator 207, gasoline oil rail 208, gasoline injector 209.
  • the alcohol fuel supply device includes:
  • Methanol oil amount sensor 201 ' methanol fuel tank 202', methanol electronic oil pump 203', methanol electronic oil pump relay 204', methanol filter 205', methanol system pressure sensor 206', methanol oil pressure regulator 207', methanol oil Rail 208 ', methanol injector 209 ', methanol canister control valve 210', methanol canister 211 '.
  • the control system of the multi-fuel automobile of the present invention further includes:
  • Battery 220 calibration computer 221, dual fuel electronic control unit 222, throttle position sensor 223, idle bypass air valve 224, air cleaner 225, intake air temperature sensor 226, intake pressure sensor 227, ignition coil 228, cooling
  • the gasoline electronic oil pump 203 pumps the gasoline from the gasoline fuel tank 202 at a pressure greater than 0.35 MPa.
  • the gasoline flows through the gasoline filter 205, and after removing impurities, enters the gasoline rail 208.
  • the gasoline oil pressure regulator 207 adjusts the gasoline injection pressure to be constant, and the adjusted gasoline of the pressure of 0.35 MPa is sent to the gasoline injector 209.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 sends a control command to the gasoline injector 209, and the gasoline injector 209 injects gasoline to the engine for combustion work. Excess gasoline will be returned to the gasoline fuel tank 202 without loss by the gasoline oil pressure regulator 207.
  • the gasoline electronic oil pump relay 204 is a working switch of the gasoline electronic oil pump 203.
  • the gasoline fuel amount sensor 201 installed in the gasoline fuel tank 202 monitors the gasoline fuel remaining.
  • the gasoline system pressure sensor 206 installed on the gasoline supply unit supply line monitors the system pressure in real time.
  • the gasoline vapor generated by the gasoline fuel tank 202 and the gasoline circulation supply device is adsorbed by the gasoline canister 211 and desorbed.
  • the gasoline vapor is controlled by the gasoline canister control valve 210, and the input engine is combusted with the combustible mixture to reduce the evaporative pollution of the fuel.
  • Methanol electronic oil pump 203' pumps methanol from the methanol fuel tank 202' at a pressure greater than 0.35 MPa.
  • the methanol flows through the methanol filter 205' to remove the impurities and enter the methanol rail 208'.
  • the methanol oil pressure regulator 207' adjusts the methanol injection pressure to be constant.
  • the adjusted 0.35 MPa pressure methanol fuel is sent to the methanol injector 209'.
  • the multi-fuel ECU sends control commands to the methanol injector 209'.
  • Methanol injector 209' sprays methanol to the engine for work.
  • the methanol electronic oil pump relay 204' is a working switch of the methanol electronic oil pump 203'.
  • the methanol oil amount sensor 201' installed in the methanol fuel tank 202' monitors the methanol system pressure sensor 206' installed in the methanol supply line of the methanol supply unit in real time to monitor the system pressure in real time.
  • the methanol vapor generated by the methanol fuel tank 202' and the methanol supply device is adsorbed by the methanol canister 211' and desorbed.
  • the methanol vapor is controlled by the methanol canister control valve 210', and the input engine is combusted with the combustible mixture to reduce the evaporative pollution of the fuel.
  • the multi-fuel vehicle control system includes methanol and gasoline fuel vapor recovery devices, respectively recovering methanol vapor and gasoline vapor to the engine, and re-combustion, thereby avoiding fuel evaporation pollution and reducing vehicle pollutant emissions.
  • the dual-fuel three-way catalytic converter 237 has a catalytic conversion purification function of combustion products of gasoline and methanol.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a schematic diagram of signal processing of a multi-fuel electronic control unit based on the present invention.
  • the first is that various types of sensors collect signals and send the collected signals to the multi-fuel ECU.
  • the signal includes a digital signal and an analog signal.
  • the switching signal includes an ignition switch, a signal collected by the vehicle speed sensor, and the like.
  • Analog quantities include coolant temperature, methanol level signal, gasoline level signal, methanol system pressure signal, gasoline system pressure signal, and more.
  • an input stage processing unit is also included between each type of sensor and the multi-fuel ECU.
  • the input stage processing unit is operative to process signals collected by the sensor, such as range conversion, filtering, etc., to process the type and range of signals that the multi-fuel ECU can receive.
  • the input stage processing unit includes a methanol input processing unit, a gasoline input processing unit, and a switching signal input processing unit.
  • the multi-fuel ECU includes a methanol work processing unit, a gasoline work processing unit, and a switching work processing unit.
  • the multi-fuel ECU calls the gasoline driver in the gasoline working processing unit to analyze and process various types of signals collected by the sensor, and accurately control the gasoline injection quantity and gasoline ignition timing to achieve gasoline driving.
  • the multi-fuel ECU calls the methanol driver in the methanol work processing unit to analyze and process various types of signals collected by the sensor, and precisely control the methanol injection amount and the methanol ignition timing to realize the methanol drive.
  • the multi-fuel ECU can achieve a smooth, undisturbed transition between the two drive types by calling between the two drivers.
  • the main drive conversion modes of the control system of the multi-fuel vehicle of the present invention are: starting the gasoline drive mode, the normal methanol drive mode, and the methanol or gasoline fuel supply device failing to drive Mode, regional methanol or gasoline drive mode and parking gasoline drive mode.
  • the two modes of operation have been introduced in the foregoing.
  • the following describes the faulty drive mode of the methanol or gasoline fuel supply unit, the regional methanol or gasoline drive mode, and the parking gasoline drive mode.
  • the fault driving mode of the methanol or gasoline oil supply device of the present invention includes: a methanol fault driving mode and a gasoline fault driving mode. It can avoid the anchoring of the car after the failure of the single fuel supply device such as gasoline or methanol, which affects the normal use of the vehicle. In addition, it enhances the safety and reliability of the vehicle's exercise and fully exploits the flexibility of dual-fuel vehicle use.
  • the methanol supply device further comprises a methanol system pressure sensing disposed on the methanol supply device oil supply line
  • the device 206' is configured to monitor the oil supply pressure of the methanol and send a pressure signal to the multi-fuel ECU 222.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 is configured to send a control command to the gasoline supply device, and the gasoline supply device supplies the engine with gasoline.
  • the gasoline supply unit further includes a gasoline system pressure sensor 206 disposed on the gasoline supply unit supply line for monitoring the fuel supply pressure of the gasoline and transmitting a pressure signal to the multi-fuel ECU 222.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 is configured to transmit a control command to the methanol supply device, and the methanol supply device supplies the methanol fuel to the engine.
  • the following describes the switching process of the drive mode by taking the methanol fault drive mode as an example.
  • the methanol system pressure sensor 206' installed on the fuel supply line of the methanol fuel supply device monitors the supply pressure of the methanol in real time, and sends a pressure signal to the multi-fuel ECU 222 0 when the multi-fuel ECU 222 determines the pressure value.
  • the control gasoline electronic oil pump relay 204 is turned on.
  • the gasoline electronic oil pump 203 starts to work, establishes the pressure of the gasoline fuel supply system, and starts the gasoline injection.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 controls the methanol injection to stop, the methanol electronic oil pump relay 204' is turned off, and the methanol electronic oil pump 203' stops working and enters the gasoline driving mode.
  • gasoline fault driving mode is similar to the above methanol fault driving mode, and will not be described here.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 of the present invention specifically sets a regional methanol or gasoline drive mode. This can avoid the phenomenon of fuel supply interruption in the exercise of the car.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 controls the second fuel drive.
  • the methanol fuel consumption is exhausted, and there is no methanol filling outlet as an example to illustrate the workflow of the regional methanol driving mode.
  • the methanol oil amount sensor 201' monitors the remaining amount of methanol in the methanol fuel tank 202' in real time and sends a liquid level signal to the multi-fuel ECU 222.
  • the control gasoline electronic oil pump relay 204 When the multi-fuel ECU 222 determines that the liquid level is less than or equal to the preset minimum liquid level, the control gasoline electronic oil pump relay 204 is turned on, the gasoline system pressure is established, the gasoline injection is started, and the gasoline electronic oil pump 203 starts to operate. At the same time, the multi-fuel ECU 222 controls the methanol electronic oil pump relay 204' to be turned off, the methanol electronic oil pump 203' stops working, the methanol stops the injection, and enters the gasoline driving mode.
  • the regional gasoline driving mode is similar to the above-mentioned regional methanol driving mode, and will not be described herein.
  • the present invention sets the parking gasoline driving type, that is, before the vehicle is parked, if it is the methanol driving type, the multi-fuel ECU 222 switches to the gasoline driving type, and the engine is operated for several cycles, and the flushing is attached to the engine valve and the piston connecting rod.
  • Methanol in components, cylinder walls and other related parts, avoiding long downtime and corrosion of metal parts by methanol.
  • a throttle position sensor 223 is provided for monitoring the throttle opening and transmitting a throttle opening signal to the multi-fuel ECU 222.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 sends a control command to the gasoline supply device, and the gasoline supply device supplies the gasoline to the engine.
  • the specific process is as follows: the gasoline electronic oil pump relay 204 is turned on, the gasoline electronic oil pump 203 starts to work, the gasoline system pressure is established, and the gasoline injection is started.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 controls the methanol injection to stop.
  • the methanol electronic oil pump relay 204' is turned off, and the methanol electronic oil pump 203' stops working and enters the parking gasoline driving mode.
  • the ignition switch is de-energized and the vehicle is turned off.
  • control system of the multi-fuel automobile of the present invention can realize a hybrid driving mode in which two or more fuels are simultaneously sprayed. Since the alcohol fuel itself contains oxygen, the combustion is complete and the fuel is clean. In the common speed and working conditions of the vehicle, the vehicle uses the alcohol fuel driving mode, and its power, emissions and fuel economy are better than those in the gasoline driving mode. The overall performance of the vehicle using the hybrid drive mode is between the alcohol fuel drive mode and the gasoline drive mode.
  • the control system of the multi-fuel vehicle of the present invention provides an independent multi-fuel supply device.
  • Multiple fuels can be two or more.
  • gas and gasoline gas and alcohol fuels or alcohol fuels and gasoline.
  • two or more fuel supply devices including, for example, gas, gasoline, and alcohol fuels.
  • the control system precisely controls the supply of multiple fuels through a multi-fuel ECU 222.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 has multiple drive modes that combine the advantages of various fuels to make the vehicle more environmentally friendly, energy efficient, economical and safe.
  • the dual-fuel three-way catalytic converter 237 catalyzes the combustion of the combustion gases of both gasoline and methanol, and at the same time combines with the precise control of the multi-fuel ECU 222 to make the emissions cleaner.
  • the present invention also provides a multi-fuel vehicle equipped with the above-described multi-fuel vehicle control system.
  • Multi-fuel vehicles include a gasoline reserve display and an alcohol fuel reserve display table, respectively for displaying steam The liquid level information of the gasoline in the oil fuel tank and the liquid level information of the alcohol fuel in the alcohol fuel fuel tank.
  • the components of the gasoline supply device and the methanol supply device provided by the embodiments of the present invention are arranged symmetrically on the floor of the vehicle.
  • the fuel filling port is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the vehicle body.
  • the filling port 801 of the gasoline is on the left side
  • the filling port 802 of the methanol is on the right side, and has obvious marks to facilitate the filling of gasoline and methanol (as shown in Fig. 8). Show).
  • a first fuel tank key for switching the gasoline fuel tank
  • a second fuel tank key for turning the vehicle engine on and off, and switching the alcohol fuel tank.
  • FIG. 4 the figure is a schematic diagram of an oil quantity display instrument based on the present invention.
  • the gasoline fuel amount sensor 201 monitors the liquid level of the gasoline in the gasoline fuel tank 202 in real time, and sends a liquid level parameter signal to the multi fuel ECU 222.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 transmits the liquid level data to the gasoline reserve display table 401.
  • the methanol oil amount sensor 201' monitors the liquid level of the methanol in the methanol fuel tank 202' in real time, and sends a liquid level parameter signal to the multi-fuel ECU 222.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 transmits the liquid level data to the methanol oil amount display table 402 for display.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a schematic diagram of a first indicating device and a second indicating device for a methanol/gasoline dual fuel vehicle based on the present invention.
  • the indicator light of the first indicating unit 501 is illuminated.
  • the gasoline supply unit is in operation, that is, the engine of the automobile is supplied with gasoline, and the indicator light of the second indicating unit 502 is illuminated.
  • the indicator can be a light-emitting diode or other type of indicator light.
  • the automobile of the present invention further includes an instrument panel.
  • FIG 6 there is shown a schematic view of a dashboard of a methanol/gasoline dual fuel vehicle based on the present invention.
  • the dashboard 66 is equipped with a speedometer 601, an engine tachometer 602, a water temperature gauge 603 for displaying the transmitter water temperature, and an odometer 604.
  • the water temperature gauge 603 also has a water temperature alarm when the water temperature exceeds the maximum water temperature value.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an alarm indicating device based on the present invention.
  • the multi-fuel vehicle also includes a gasoline minimum level alarm device 701 and an alcohol fuel minimum level alarm device 702.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 controls the gasoline minimum liquid level alarm device 701 to be bright, and simultaneously emits a beep to notify the driver that the gasoline is insufficient and promptly raises. gasoline.
  • the multi-fuel ECU 222 controls the methanol minimum liquid level alarm device 702 to be bright, and simultaneously emits a beep, indicating that the driver lacks methanol, and timely adds Injection of methanol.
  • the oil quantity display device, the alarm device, the first indicating device, the second indicating device and various types of instruments included in the automobile of the invention improve the safety of the automobile, and the driver can clearly understand the running state of the automobile through the device and the meter. Timely respond to emergencies and avoid accidental safety incidents.
  • the methanol and gasoline two oil quantity display devices, the alarm device, the first indicating device and the second indicating device are integrated with the instrument panel to form an integral combination meter.
  • the oil quantity display device, the alarm device, the first indicating device, the second indicating device, and the instrument panel can be set independently according to actual needs.
  • the oil quantity display device, the alarm device and the indicating device of the gasoline system of the embodiment of the invention are arranged on the left side of the dashboard of the cab, the oil quantity display device, the alarm device and the indication of the methanol system.
  • the device is arranged on the right side of the dashboard of the cab, and is consistent with the arrangement of the gasoline supply device and the methanol supply device described above on the left and right sides of the vehicle floor, thereby improving the ease of use of the driver, enhancing the impression, and avoiding the addition of the wrong oil.
  • the methanol/gasoline dual-fuel vehicle of the invention provides an independent methanol supply device and a gasoline supply device, which solves the problem of low temperature start-up difficulty caused by the use of methanol or methanol gasoline mixed fuel, poor cooling of the cold machine and stratification of methanol and gasoline.
  • the car is also equipped with a complete, integrated display and indicating device that allows the driver to intuitively and clearly understand the operating conditions of the car, react in a timely manner, reduce safety hazards, and improve the safety of the vehicle.

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Description

一种多燃料汽车的控制***及汽车
技术领域
本发明涉及机械自动化领域， 特别涉及一种多燃料汽车的控制***、 方法 及汽车。 背景技术
面对当前能源紧缺与环境污染问题， 根据不同燃料的燃烧、 排放等特性， 两种或两种以上的燃料在汽车上组合使用， 将逐渐成为一种趋势。 下面以现有 技术中燃气一汽油双燃料汽车为例来说明。 燃气一汽油双燃料汽车的控制*** 为： 在原有的汽油供给装置和汽油电子控制单元的基础上， 增加一套燃气供给 装置、 一个燃气转换开关和一个燃气电子控制单元。 所述汽油电子控制单元称 为原车电子控制单元 （ECU, Electronic Control Unit)Q 所述燃气电子控制单 元称为附加 ECU。
原车 ECU和附加 ECU之间用线束连接。 附加 ECU直接控制燃气喷射***， 为发动机供给燃气。 附加 ECU可以通过原车 ECU间接控制汽油喷射***， 为发 动机供给汽油。 原车 ECU在未增加燃气供给装置之前， 已经对发动机各种工作 状况的参数进行了标定和匹配， 可以精确控制汽油的定量喷射和点火正时等参 数。增加燃气供给装置之后，汽车的汽油驱动形式虽然是附加 ECU控制原车 ECU 工作的开启和关闭， 但仅是信号的传输， 汽油驱动形式下汽车的性能没有发生 改变。 即汽车实质上仍然是汽油驱动形式， 控制的主导是原车 ECU。 附加 ECU控制燃气供给时， 对喷油信号、 转速信号、 燃气温度信号、 燃气 压力信号等输入信号进行校正、 修正处理， 转换为喷气时间信号， 控制燃气喷 嘴的开启与关闭。 喷油信号和转速信号是所述燃气 ECU通过所述原车 ECU采集 而获取的。
所述附加 ECU控制燃气喷射***工作时， 无法根据其燃气的理化特性、 燃 烧特点进行配气相位、 点火提前角等点火正时控制的精确标定。 附加 ECU对燃 气喷射量的控制是通过原车 ECU采集的喷油信号。这种控制是被动的和线性的， 而发动机的工作是瞬时的、 灵活的和高度非线性的。 因此， 燃气驱动形式下， 发动机的动力性较差。 燃气的消耗量较高， 环保性能未达到最优的发挥。 发明的公开
本发明提供一种多燃料汽车的控制***、 方法及汽车， 能够使发动机在使 用不同燃料时， 发动机的性能均能得到最优发挥； 解决了现有技术中存在的分 别使用两个电子控制单元， 发动机在使用某种燃料时， 动力性能差， 燃料消耗 量大， 排放污染物严重等的技术问题。
本发明一种多燃料汽车的控制***， 包括多燃料电子控制单元、 汽油供给 装置、 醇类燃料供给装置和冷却液温度传感器；
所述的冷却液温度传感器连接着多燃料电子控制单元， 所述的多燃料电子 控制单元根据冷却液温度传感器的发出的信号分别控制汽油供给装置和醇类燃 料供给装置；
所述冷却液温度传感器， 用于监测发动机的水温， 发送所述水温参数信号 至所述多燃料电子控制单元； 所述的多燃料电子控制单元包括内存储有控制多种燃料供给和发动机工作 的标定数据和工作程序， 所述多燃料电子控制单元接收冷却液温度传感器的参 数， 判断所述水温是否超过预先设定温度， 如果超过预先设定温度， 用于发送 控制指令至所述醇类燃料供给装置， 所述醇类燃料供给装置用于为发动机供给 甲醇； 反之所述多燃料电子控制单元用于发送控制指令至所述汽油供给装置， 所述汽油供给装置用于为发动机供给汽油。
多燃料电子控制单元根据水温传感器监测的信号选择何时给发动机提供何 种燃料， 并调集何种控制数据控制何种燃料的工作， 从而使得发动机的性能得 到最佳的输出。 本发明所述多燃料汽车采用一个 ECU控制多套燃料的供给和发 动机的工作， 提高了控制的灵活性， 不需要在两个 ECU的数据间来回调动， 使 得发动机反应迅速， 同时实现了根据每一种燃料的理化特性、 燃烧特点等进行 配气相位、 点火提前角、 燃料喷射正时等参数的精确标定和控制。
优选地， 所述醇类燃料供给装置还包括设置于所述醇类燃料供给装置供油 管路上的醇类燃料***压力传感器， 用于监测醇类燃料的供油压力， 发送压力 信号至所述多燃料电子控制单元；
当压力小于醇类燃料供油压力设定值时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元用于发 送控制指令至汽油供给装置， 所述汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油。
优选地， 所述汽油供给装置还包括设置于所述汽油供给装置供油管路上的 汽油***压力传感器， 用于监测汽油的供油压力， 发送压力信号至所述多燃料 电子控制单元；
当压力小于汽油供油压力设定值时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元用于发送控 制指令至醇类燃料供给装置， 所述醇类燃料供给装置为发动机供给醇类燃料。 优选地， 所述醇类燃料供给装置还包括醇类燃料液位传感器， 用于测量所 述醇类燃料供给装置中醇类燃料的液位， 发送液位信号至所述多燃料电子控制 单元；
当所述醇类燃料液位低于设定最低醇类燃料液位时， 所述多燃料电子控制 单元用于发送控制指令至汽油供给装置，所述汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油； 同时发送控制指令至醇类燃料报警器， 所述醇类燃料报警器用于报警。
优选地， 所述汽油供给装置还包括汽油液位传感器， 用于测量所述汽油供 给装置中汽油的液位， 发送液位信号至所述多燃料电子控制单元；
当所述汽油液位低于设定最低汽油液位时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元用于 发送控制指令至醇类燃料供给装置， 所述醇类燃料供给装置为发动机供给醇类 燃料； 同时发送控制指令至汽油报警器， 所述汽油报警器用于报警。
优选地，还包括节气门位置传感器和车速传感器，所述节气门位置传感器， 用于监测节气门开度， 发送节气门开度信号至所述多燃料电子控制单元；
所述车速传感器， 用于监测车速， 发送车速信号至所述多燃料电子控制单 元；
当所述节气门开度为零且所述车速为零时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元发送 控制指令至汽油供给装置， 所述汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油。
优选地， 所述预先设定温度的范围为 45— 60度。
优选地， 所述汽油供给装置和所述醇类燃料供给装置同侧或对称布置在汽 车的地板上。
优选地， 所述多燃料汽车还包括汽油蒸发回收装置， 汽油供油装置中产生 的汽油蒸气经汽油碳罐吸附再脱附后， 由汽油碳罐控制阀控制回收至发动机。 优选地， 所述多燃料汽车还包括醇类燃料蒸发回收装置， 醇类燃料供油装 置中产生的醇类燃料蒸气经醇类燃料碳罐吸附再脱附后， 由醇类燃料碳罐控制 阀控制回收至发动机。
优选地， 所述多燃料汽车还包括多燃料三元催化转换器， 用于催化转化多 种燃料的废气污染物排放。
本发明还提供一种多燃料汽车， 所述多燃料汽车包括所述多燃料汽车的控 制***。 所述多燃料汽车还包括汽油储量显示表和醇类燃料储量显示表、 显示 醇类燃料供给装置工作状态的第一指示装置和显示汽油供给装置工作状态的第 二指示装置以及汽油最低液位报警装置和醇类燃料最低液位报警装置；
所述汽油储量显示表和醇类燃料储量显示表， 分别用于显示汽油燃料箱中 汽油的液位和醇类燃料燃料箱中醇类燃料的液位；
所述第一指示装置和第二指示装置， 所述第一指示装置用于显示醇类燃料 供给装置的工作状态； 所述第二指示装置用于显示汽油供给装置的工作状态； 所述汽油储量显示表和醇类燃料储量显示表、 显示醇类燃料供给装置工作 状态的第一指示装置和显示汽油供给装置工作状态的第二指示装置以及汽油最 低液位报警装置和醇类燃料最低液位报警装置集成在车辆仪表盘上。
优选地， 还包括对称布置在汽车车身两侧的汽油燃料加注口和醇类燃料加 注口。
优选地， 还包括用于开关汽油燃料箱的第一燃料箱钥匙， 用于汽车发动机 开启和关闭以及开关醇类燃料箱的第二燃料箱钥匙。
与现有技术相比， 本发明具有以下优点：
本发明所述多燃料汽车的控制***， 所述多燃料电子控制单元存储汽油工 作模式下的程序和数据以及醇类燃料工作模式下的程序和数据。 所述多燃料电 子控制单元通过判断发动机的水温， 判定何时为发动机供给汽油， 何时为发动 机供给醇类燃料。 所述多燃料电子控制单元通过处理各个传感器的检测数值， 能够在不同燃料供给模式下进行点火正时、 燃料喷射量及喷射时间等参数的精 确调整， 从而保证发动机使用不同燃料时， 发挥最佳性能， 提高使用寿命。 附图说明
图 1是基于本发明启动汽油驱动模式到正常甲醇驱动模式的判定条件一水 温转换的原理图；
图 2是基于本发明多燃料汽车控制***的结构图；
图 3是基于本发明多燃料电子控制单元信号处理示意图；
图 4是基于本发明油量显示仪表示意图；
图 5 是基于本发明甲醇 /汽油双燃料汽车第一指示装置和第二指示装置示 意图；
图 6是基于本发明甲醇 /汽油双燃料汽车的仪表盘示意图；
图 7是基于本发明报警指示装置示意图。
图 8是本发明的一种多燃料车的车身示意图。 实现本发明的最佳方法
下面通过实施例， 并结合附图， 对本发明技术方案作进一步具体的说明。 本发明提供一种多燃料汽车的控制***， 包括多燃料电子控制单元、 汽油 供给装置、 醇类燃料供给装置和冷却液温度传感器。 所述冷却液温度传感器， 用于监测发动机的水温， 发送所述水温至所述多 燃料电子控制单元。
所述多燃料电子控制单元判断所述水温超过预先设定温度时， 用于发送控 制指令至所述醇类燃料供给装置， 所述醇类燃料供给装置用于为发动机供给甲 醇； 反之所述多燃料电子控制单元用于发送控制指令至所述汽油供给装置， 所 述汽油供给装置用于为发动机供给汽油。
本发明所述多燃料汽车的控制***， 所述多燃料电子控制单元同时存储了 汽油工作模式下的程序和数据以及醇类燃料工作模式下的程序和数据。 多燃料 电子控制单元通过判断发动机的水温， 判定何时为发动机供给汽油， 何时为发 动机供给醇类燃料。 多燃料电子控制单元通过处理各个传感器的检测数值， 能 够在不同燃料供给模式下进行点火正时、 燃料喷射量及喷射时间等参数的精确 调整和控制。 从而保证发动机在使用不同燃料时， 均能发挥最佳性能， 提高使 用寿命。
需要说明的是， 本发明所述多燃料电子控制单元是一个 ECU, 区别于现有 技术中的两个 ECU, 即原车 ECU和附加 ECU的型式。
本发明所述醇类燃料可以为甲醇或乙醇。当然，也可以为其他类别的燃料。 只要根据燃料的性能在所述多燃料 ECU中标定该燃料的工作数据即可。
为使本发明的上述目的、 特征和优点能够更加明显易懂， 下面结合附图对 本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
首先介绍本发明所述一种多燃料汽车的控制***中所述预先设定温度的依 据和原理。 本发明以汽油和甲醇为例介绍多燃料汽车的控制***。
由于甲醇的气化潜热高 （1110 kj/kg, 约是汽油的 3. 5 倍）， 闪点高 （11 °C )， 因此， 汽车使用甲醇燃料直接启动， 不仅存在启动困难问题， 更重要的是 冷机启动过程以及启动后暖机过程， 甲醇燃烧不完全，产生大量燃烧中间产物- 未燃甲醇和甲醛。 同时， 在此过程， 后处理***三效催化转化器尚未到达最佳 催化转化温度。 所以， 汽车使用甲醇直接启动， 其排放尤其是非常规排放物较 多， 排放恶劣， 对环境污染较严重。 但是甲醇自身含氧、 燃烧完全度高， 如果 达到其燃烧的温度， 其常规排放物， 如 C0、 HC、 等较汽油车低， 是世界公 认的清洁燃料。 因此， 本发明选择使用汽油启动。
参见图 1， 该图为基于本发明启动汽油驱动模式到正常甲醇驱动模式的判 定条件一水温转换的原理图。
横坐标为水温 T， 纵坐标为排放 Ε。
所述预先设定温度的原理为： 进行甲醇燃料从启动、 暖机到正常运行工况 的排放标定， 排放相对较优时， 对应发动机的冷却水温度区域是 Ί\-Τ2; 进行汽 油从启动到正常运行工况的排放标定， 排放相对较差时， 对应发动机冷却水的 温度区域是 Tu-T22。 所述预先设定温度取所述 Ί\-Τ2和 Tu-T22交集范围内的任意 水温值即可。
所述预先设定温度是汽油驱动模式到正常甲醇驱动模式的转换依据。
需要说明的是， 经过排放标定， 本发明所述预先设定温度范围是 45— 60 度。
参见图 2， 该图为基于本发明所述多燃料汽车控制***的结构图。 所述汽油供给装置包括：
汽油油量传感器 201、 汽油燃料箱 202、 汽油电子油泵 203、 汽油电子油泵 继电器 204、汽油滤清器 205、汽油***压力传感器 206、汽油油压调节器 207、 汽油油轨 208、 汽油喷油器 209、 汽油碳罐控制阀 210、 汽油碳罐 211。
所述醇类燃料供给装置包括：
甲醇油量传感器 201 ' 、 甲醇燃料箱 202 ' 、 甲醇电子油泵 203 ' 、 甲醇电 子油泵继电器 204' 、 甲醇滤清器 205 ' 、 甲醇***压力传感器 206 ' 、 甲醇油 压调节器 207 ' 、 甲醇油轨 208 ' 、 甲醇喷油器 209 ' 、 甲醇碳罐控制阀 210' 、 甲醇碳罐 211 ' 。
本发明所述多燃料汽车的控制***还包括：
蓄电池 220、 标定电脑 221、 双燃料电子控制单元 222、 节气门位置传感器 223、 怠速旁通空气阀 224、 空气滤清器 225、 进气温度传感器 226、 进气压力 传感器 227、 点火线圈 228、 冷却液温度传感器 229、 转速传感器 230、 转速齿 盘 231、 空调继电器 232、 空调压缩机 233、 氧传感器加热控制继电器 234、 爆 震传感器 235、 氧传感器 236、 双燃料三效催化转换器 237。
下面介绍汽油驱动模式下汽车控制***的工作过程。
汽油电子油泵 203以大于 0. 35MPa的压力将汽油从汽油燃料箱 202泵出。 汽油流经汽油滤清器 205， 去除杂质以后， 进入汽油油轨 208。
汽油油压调节器 207调节汽油喷射压力保持恒定， 调节后的 0. 35MPa压力 的汽油被送到汽油喷油器 209。所述多燃料 ECU222发送控制指令至所述汽油喷 油器 209， 汽油喷油器 209喷射汽油至发动机燃烧做功。 过量的汽油将通过汽油油压调节器 207无损失地返回至汽油燃料箱 202。 汽油电子油泵继电器 204是汽油电子油泵 203的工作开关。
安装在所述汽油燃料箱 202的汽油油量传感器 201实时监测汽油燃料剩余 安装在汽油供给装置供油管路上的汽油***压力传感器 206实时监测*** 压力。
汽油燃料箱 202及汽油循环供给装置过程产生的汽油蒸气经汽油碳罐 211 吸附， 并脱附。 汽油蒸气经汽油碳罐控制阀 210控制， 输入发动机与可燃混合 气一起燃烧， 减少燃料的蒸发污染排放。
下面详细介绍甲醇驱动模式下汽车控制***的工作过程。
甲醇电子油泵 203' 以大于 0.35MPa的压力将甲醇从甲醇燃料箱 202' 泵 出。 甲醇流经甲醇滤清器 205' ， 去除杂质以后， 进入甲醇油轨 208' 。
甲醇油压调节器 207' 调节甲醇喷射压力保持恒定。 调节后的 0.35MPa压 力的甲醇燃料被送到甲醇喷油器 209' 。 多燃料 ECU发送控制指令至所述甲醇 喷油器 209' 。 甲醇喷油器 209' 喷射甲醇至发动机燃烧做功。
过量的甲醇通过甲醇油压调节器 207' 无损失地返回到甲醇燃料箱 202' 。 甲醇电子油泵继电器 204' 是甲醇电子油泵 203' 的工作开关。
安装在甲醇燃料箱 202' 中的甲醇油量传感器 201' 实时监测甲醇燃料剩 安装在甲醇供给装置供油管路上的甲醇***压力传感器 206' 实时监测系 统压力。 甲醇燃料箱 202 ' 及甲醇供给装置过程产生的甲醇蒸气经甲醇碳罐 211 ' 吸附， 并脱附。 甲醇蒸气经甲醇碳罐控制阀 210' 控制， 输入发动机与可燃混 合气一起燃烧， 减少燃料的蒸发污染排放。
本发明实施例所述多燃料汽车控制***包括甲醇和汽油燃料蒸气回收装 置， 分别回收甲醇蒸气和汽油蒸气至发动机， 重新进行燃烧， 避免了燃料蒸发 污染， 降低车辆污染物排放。 而双燃料三效催化转换器 237具备汽油和甲醇两 种燃料燃烧废气物的催化转换净化功能。
下面详细介绍本发明所述多燃料电子控制单元的工作原理。
参见图 3， 该图为基于本发明多燃料电子控制单元信号处理示意图。
首先是各类传感器采集信号， 将采集的信号发送至所述多燃料 ECU。 信号 包括开关量信号和模拟量信号。
开关量信号包括点火开关、 车速传感器采集的信号等等。
模拟量包括冷却液温度、 甲醇液位信号、 汽油液位信号、 甲醇***压力信 号、 汽油***压力信号等等。
需要说明的是， 各类传感器和多燃料 ECU之间还包括输入级处理单元。 所 述输入级处理单元用于处理所述传感器采集的信号， 例如进行量程变换、 滤波 等等， 处理为所述多燃料 ECU可以接收的信号种类和范围。
输入级处理单元包括甲醇输入处理单元、 汽油输入处理单元及切换信号输 入处理单元。
多燃料 ECU包括甲醇工作处理单元、 汽油工作处理单元和切换工作处理单 元。 在汽油驱动形式下，多燃料 ECU调用汽油工作处理单元中的汽油驱动程序， 对传感器采集的各类信号进行分析、 处理后， 精确控制汽油喷射定量和汽油点 火正时， 实现汽油驱动。
在甲醇驱动形式下，多燃料 ECU调用甲醇工作处理单元中的甲醇驱动程序， 对传感器采集的各类信号进行分析、 处理后， 精确控制甲醇喷射定量和甲醇点 火正时， 实现甲醇驱动。
通过预先设定转换条件， 多燃料 ECU通过两种驱动程序之间的调用， 可以 实现两种驱动型式之间的无扰动平稳转换。
结合汽油和甲醇两种燃料的理化特性、 燃烧特性和排放特性， 本发明多燃 料汽车的控制***的主要驱动转换模式为： 启动汽油驱动模式、 正常甲醇驱动 模式、 甲醇或汽油供油装置故障驱动模式、 区域性甲醇或汽油驱动模式和停车 汽油驱动模式。
前文中已经介绍了启动汽油驱动模式和正常甲醇驱动模式两种工作模式， 下面详细介绍甲醇或汽油供油装置故障驱动模式、 区域性甲醇或汽油驱动模式 和停车汽油驱动模式。
首先介绍甲醇或汽油供油装置故障驱动模式。
本发明设定甲醇或汽油供油装置故障驱动模式包括： 甲醇故障驱动模式和 汽油故障驱动模式。 可以避免汽油或甲醇等单燃料供油装置发生故障后汽车抛 锚， 影响车辆的正常使用。 此外， 可增强车辆行使的安全性和可靠性， 充分发 挥双燃料汽车使用的灵活性。
甲醇供给装置还包括设置于甲醇供给装置供油管路上的甲醇***压力传感 器 206 ' ， 用于监测甲醇的供油压力， 发送压力信号至所述多燃料 ECU222。 当压力小于甲醇供油压力设定值时，多燃料 ECU222用于发送控制指令至汽 油供给装置， 汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油。
汽油供给装置还包括设置于汽油供给装置供油管路上的汽油***压力传感 器 206， 用于监测汽油的供油压力， 发送压力信号至所述多燃料 ECU222。
当压力小于汽油供油压力设定值时，多燃料 ECU222用于发送控制指令至甲 醇供给装置， 甲醇供给装置为发动机供给甲醇燃料。
下面以甲醇故障驱动模式为例说明驱动模式的切换过程。
在正常甲醇驱动模式下， 安装在甲醇燃料供给装置的供油管路上的甲醇系 统压力传感器 206 ' 实时监测甲醇的供油压力， 发送压力信号至所述多燃料 ECU2220 当多燃料 ECU222判断压力数值偏离于正常压力数值 0. 35MPa的 15 % 时， 控制汽油电子油泵继电器 204开启。 汽油电子油泵 203开始工作， 建立汽 油供油***压力， 启动汽油喷射。 同时， 多燃料 ECU222控制甲醇喷射停止， 甲 醇电子油泵继电器 204' 关闭， 甲醇电子油泵 203 ' 停止工作，进入汽油驱动模 式。
需要说明的是， 汽油故障驱动模式与上述甲醇故障驱动模式类似， 在此不 再赘述。
下面介绍区域性甲醇或汽油驱动模式。
我国醇类燃料的生产、 供给具有区域性特点， 醇类燃料加注网点没有汽油 或柴油普及。因此，本发明所述多燃料 ECU222专门设定了区域性甲醇或汽油驱 动模式。 这样可以避免汽车行使中出现燃料供给中断的现象。 当第一种燃料消 耗殆尽时， 多燃料 ECU222控制第二种燃料驱动。
下面以甲醇燃料消耗殆尽， 而又没有甲醇加注网点时为例， 说明区域性甲 醇驱动模式的工作流程。
甲醇油量传感器 201 ' 实时监测甲醇燃料箱 202 ' 中甲醇的剩余量，并发送 液位信号至多燃料 ECU222。
当多燃料 ECU222判断所述液位小于或等于预先设定的最低液位时，控制汽 油电子油泵继电器 204开启， 建立汽油***压力， 启动汽油喷射， 汽油电子油 泵 203开始工作。 同时， 多燃料 ECU222控制甲醇电子油泵继电器 204' 关闭， 甲醇电子油泵 203 ' 停止工作， 甲醇停止喷射， 进入汽油驱动模式。
需要说明的是， 区域性汽油驱动模式与上述区域性甲醇驱动模式类似， 在 此不再赘述。
下面介绍停车汽油驱动模式的工作流程。
由于甲醇自身含氧、 含羟基， 具有较高的化学活性和较强的极性， 对某些 金属的电化学腐蚀能力比汽油大。 因此， 本发明设定了停车汽油驱动型式， 即 在汽车停车前， 如果是甲醇驱动型式， 则多燃料 ECU222切换到汽油驱动型式， 使发动机工作几个循环， 冲刷附着在发动机气门、 活塞连杆组件、 气缸壁等相 关部件的甲醇， 避免停车时间长， 甲醇对金属部件的腐蚀。
节气门位置传感器 223， 用于监测节气门开度， 发送节气门开度信号至所 述多燃料 ECU222。
安装在发动机变速箱的车速传感器， 用于监测车速， 发送车速信号至所述 多燃料 ECU222。 当节气门开度为零且车速为零时，多燃料 ECU222发送控制指令至汽油供给 装置，汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油。具体过程为：汽油电子油泵继电器 204 开启， 汽油电子油泵 203开始工作， 建立汽油***压力， 启动汽油喷射。 同时， 多燃料 ECU222控制甲醇喷射停止。 甲醇电子油泵继电器 204' 关闭， 甲醇电子 油泵 203 ' 停止工作， 进入停车汽油驱动模式。 发动机使用汽油工作几个循环 以后， 点火开关断电， 车辆熄火。
需要说明的是， 本发明所述多燃料汽车的控制***可以实现两种或两种以 上燃料同时喷射的混合驱动模式。 由于醇类燃料自身含氧， 燃烧完全度高， 燃 料清洁。 在车辆常用的转速和工况区域， 汽车使用醇类燃料驱动模式， 其动力 性、 排放以及燃料经济性等指标均优于汽油驱动模式下的性能。 车辆使用混合 驱动模式的综合性能介于醇类燃料驱动模式和汽油驱动模式之间。
本发明所述多燃料汽车的控制***提供了独立的多燃料供油装置。 多燃料 可以为两种或两种以上。 例如燃气与汽油、 燃气与醇类燃料或醇类燃料与汽油 等。 当然也可以根据需要设计两种以上燃料供油装置， 例如包括燃气、 汽油和 醇类燃料。
控制***通过一个多燃料 ECU222精确控制多燃料的供给。根据不同燃料的 特性， 多燃料 ECU222具有多种驱动模式， 可以综合各种燃料的优势， 使车辆更 加环保、 节能、 经济和安全。 双燃料三效催化转化器 237对汽油和甲醇两种燃 料的燃烧废气物进行催化转化， 同时与多燃料 ECU222精确控制相结合，使排放 更加清洁。
本发明还提供了一种安装有上述多燃料汽车控制***的多燃料汽车。
多燃料汽车包括汽油储量显示表和醇类燃料储量显示表， 分别用于显示汽 油燃料箱中汽油的液位信息和醇类燃料燃料箱中醇类燃料的液位信息。
本发明实施例所提供的汽油供给装置和甲醇供给装置的部件， 例如所述燃 料箱、 燃料供给管路等均左右对称布置在整车地板上。 燃料加注口左右对称布 置在车身左右两侧， 汽油的加注口 801在左侧， 甲醇的加注口 802在右侧， 并 有明显标识， 方便汽油和甲醇的加注（如图 8所示）。还包括用于开关汽油燃料 箱的第一燃料箱钥匙， 用于汽车发动机开启和关闭以及开关醇类燃料箱的第二 燃料箱钥匙。
参见图 4， 该图为基于本发明油量显示仪表示意图。
汽油油量传感器 201实时监测汽油燃料箱 202中汽油的液位， 发送液位参 数信号至多燃料 ECU222。 多燃料 ECU222发送液位数据至汽油储量显示表 401 显不。
甲醇油量传感器 201 ' 实时监测甲醇燃料箱 202 ' 中甲醇的液位，发送液位 参数信号至多燃料 ECU222。 多燃料 ECU222发送液位数据至所述甲醇油量显示 表 402显示。
参见图 5，该图为基于本发明甲醇 /汽油双燃料汽车第一指示装置和第二指 示装置示意图。
当甲醇供给装置处于工作状态， 即为汽车的发动机供给甲醇时， 第一指示 装置 501的指示灯亮。 当汽油供给装置处于工作状态时， 即为汽车的发动机提 供汽油， 第二指示装置 502的指示灯亮。 指示装置可以为发光二极管， 也可以 为其他类型的指示灯。
需要说明的是， 本发明所述汽车还包括仪表盘。 参见图 6， 该图为基于本 发明甲醇 /汽油双燃料汽车的仪表盘示意图。 仪表盘 66上装有车速表 601、 发动机转速表 602、 用于显示发送机水温的 水温表 603、及里程表 604，水温表 603上还有当水温超过最高水温值时的水温 报警器。
参见图 7， 该图为基于本发明报警指示装置示意图。
多燃料汽车还包括汽油最低液位报警装置 701和醇类燃料最低液位报警装 置 702。
当汽油燃料箱 202中汽油的液位等于或小于预先设定的最低液位时， 多燃 料 ECU222控制汽油最低液位报警装置 701亮， 同时发出蜂鸣声，告示驾驶人员 汽油不足， 及时加注汽油。
当甲醇燃料箱 202 ' 中甲醇的液位等于或小于预先设定的最低液位时， 多 燃料 ECU222控制甲醇最低液位报警装置 702亮， 同时发出蜂鸣声，告示驾驶人 员甲醇不足， 及时加注甲醇。
本发明所述汽车包括的油量显示装置、 报警装置、 第一指示装置、 第二指 示装置及各类仪表， 提高了汽车的安全性， 驾驶人员可以通过上述装置和仪表 清楚了解汽车的运行状态， 及时对紧急状态作出反应， 避免出现一些意外安全 事故。
本发明甲醇和汽油两种油量显示装置、 报警装置、 第一指示装置、 第二指 示装置与仪表盘集成在一起，组成整体式组合仪表。当然也可以根据实际需要， 将油量显示装置、报警装置、第一指示装置、第二指示装置与仪表盘独自设置。
需要说明的是， 本发明实施例汽油***的油量显示装置、 报警装置和指示 装置在驾驶室仪表盘的左侧布置， 甲醇***的油量显示装置、 报警装置和指示 装置在驾驶室仪表盘的右侧布置， 与前文所述的汽油供给装置和甲醇供给装置 在车辆底板左右两侧的布置一致， 提高驾驶人员的使用方便性， 增强印象， 避 免加错油。
本发明甲醇 /汽油双燃料汽车提供了独立的甲醇供给装置和汽油供给装置， 解决了汽车使用甲醇或甲醇汽油混合燃料带来的低温启动困难、 冷机排放差及 甲醇和汽油分层带来的汽车动力性下降等问题。 汽车还安装了完备的、 集成化 的显示和指示装置， 使驾驶人员可以直观清楚地掌握汽车的运行工况， 及时做 出反应， 减少安全隐患， 提高了整车行使的安全性。
以上所述， 仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非对本发明作任何形式上的 限制。 虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上， 然而并非用以限定本发明。 任何 熟悉本领域的技术人员， 在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下， 都可利用上述 揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰， 或修改 为等同变化的等效实施例。 因此， 凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容， 依据本 发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、 等同变化及修饰， 均仍属 于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种多燃料汽车的控制***， 其特征在于， 包括多燃料电子控制单元、 汽油供给装置、 醇类燃料供给装置和冷却液温度传感器；
所述的冷却液温度传感器连接着多燃料电子控制单元， 所述的多燃料电子 控制单元根据冷却液温度传感器的发出的信号分别控制汽油供给装置和醇类燃 料供给装置；
所述冷却液温度传感器， 用于监测发动机的水温， 发送所述水温参数信号 至所述多燃料电子控制单元；
所述的多燃料电子控制单元包括内存储有控制多种燃料供给和发动机工作 的标定数据和工作程序， 所述多燃料电子控制单元接收冷却液温度传感器的参 数， 判断所述水温是否超过预先设定温度， 如果超过预先设定温度， 用于发送 控制指令至所述醇类燃料供给装置， 所述醇类燃料供给装置用于为发动机供给 甲醇； 反之所述多燃料电子控制单元用于发送控制指令至所述汽油供给装置， 所述汽油供给装置用于为发动机供给汽油。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，所述 醇类燃料供给装置还包括设置于所述醇类燃料供给装置供油管路上的醇类燃料 ***压力传感器， 用于监测醇类燃料的供油压力， 发送压力参数信号至所述多 燃料电子控制单元；
当压力小于醇类燃料供油压力设定值时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元用于发 送控制指令至汽油供给装置， 所述汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，所述 汽油供给装置还包括设置于所述汽油供给装置供油管路上的汽油***压力传感 器，用于监测汽油的供油压力，发送压力参数信号至所述多燃料电子控制单元; 当压力小于汽油供油压力设定值时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元用于发送控 制指令至醇类燃料供给装置， 所述醇类燃料供给装置为发动机供给醇类燃料。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，所述 醇类燃料供给装置还包括醇类燃料液位传感器， 用于测量所述醇类燃料供给装 置中醇类燃料的液位， 发送液位信号至所述多燃料电子控制单元；
当所述醇类燃料液位低于设定最低醇类燃料液位时， 所述多燃料电子控制 单元用于发送控制指令至汽油供给装置，所述汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油； 同时发送控制指令至醇类燃料报警器， 所述醇类燃料报警器用于报警。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，所述 汽油供给装置还包括汽油液位传感器， 用于测量所述汽油供给装置中汽油的液 位， 发送液位信号至所述多燃料电子控制单元；
当所述汽油液位低于设定最低汽油液位时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元用于 发送控制指令至醇类燃料供给装置， 所述醇类燃料供给装置为发动机供给醇类 燃料； 同时发送控制指令至汽油报警器， 所述汽油报警器用于报警。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，还包 括节气门位置传感器和车速传感器， 所述节气门位置传感器， 用于监测节气门 开度， 发送开度信号至所述多燃料电子控制单元；
所述车速传感器， 用于监测车速， 发送车速信号至所述多燃料电子控制单 元；
当所述节气门开度为零且所述车速为零时， 所述多燃料电子控制单元发送 控制指令至汽油供给装置， 所述汽油供给装置为发动机供给汽油。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，所述 预先设定温度的范围为 45— 60度。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，所述 汽油供给装置和所述醇类燃料供给装置同侧或对称布置在汽车的底板上。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***，其特征在于，还包 括汽油蒸发回收装置， 汽油供油装置中产生的汽油蒸气经汽油碳罐吸附再脱附 后， 由汽油碳罐控制阀控制回收至发动机。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***， 其特征在于， 还 包括醇类燃料蒸发回收装置， 醇类燃料供油装置中产生的醇类燃料蒸气经醇类 燃料碳罐吸附再脱附后， 由醇类燃料碳罐控制阀控制回收至发动机。
11. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多燃料汽车的控制***， 其特征在于， 还 包括多燃料三元催化转换器， 用于催化转化多种燃料的废气污染物排放。
12. 一种安装有权利要求 1至 11任意一项所述的多燃料汽车的控制***的 多燃料汽车， 其特征在于， 包括汽油储量显示表和醇类燃料储量显示表、 显示 醇类燃料供给装置的工作状态的第一指示装置和显示汽油供给装置的工作状态 的第二指示装置、 汽油最低液位报警装置和醇类燃料最低液位报警装置；
所述汽油储量显示表和醇类燃料储量显示表， 分别用于显示汽油燃料箱中 汽油的液位和醇类燃料燃料箱中醇类燃料的液位；
所述第一指示装置用于显示醇类燃料供给装置的工作状态； 所述第二指示 装置用于显示汽油供给装置的工作状态；
所述汽油储量显示表和醇类燃料储量显示表、 第一指示装置和第二指示装 置和汽油最低液位报警装置和醇类燃料最低液位报警装置集成在车辆仪表盘 上。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的多燃料汽车，其特征在于，还包括对称布置在 汽车车身两侧的汽油燃料加注口和醇类燃料加注口。
14. 根据权利要求 12所述的多燃料汽车，其特征在于，还包括用于开关汽 油燃料箱的第一燃料箱钥匙， 用于汽车发动机开启和关闭以及开关醇类燃料箱 的第二燃料箱钥匙。
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