WO2011073190A1 - Dispositif electrique et/ou electronique a element elastique de contact - Google Patents
Dispositif electrique et/ou electronique a element elastique de contact Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011073190A1 WO2011073190A1 PCT/EP2010/069627 EP2010069627W WO2011073190A1 WO 2011073190 A1 WO2011073190 A1 WO 2011073190A1 EP 2010069627 W EP2010069627 W EP 2010069627W WO 2011073190 A1 WO2011073190 A1 WO 2011073190A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrical
- layer
- elastic material
- layers
- elements
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 119
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0488—Double glass encapsulation, e.g. photovoltaic cells arranged between front and rear glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
- B32B2327/12—Polyvinylhalogenides containing fluorine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of electrical and / or electronic devices comprising encapsulated electrical and / or electronic components.
- the invention is particularly applicable to devices comprising at least one transparent face allowing the electrical and / or electronic components to emit and / or receive a luminous flux.
- the invention is particularly suitable for photovoltaic modules comprising encapsulated photovoltaic cells.
- the invention also relates to the field of electrical and / or electronic devices comprising encapsulated optoelectronic components such as CCD (charge-coupled) type sensors, CMOS, or the field of flat screens, for example of LCD type (screen liquid crystal), plasma or LED (light-emitting diode display).
- CCD charge-coupled
- CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
- flat screens for example of LCD type (screen liquid crystal), plasma or LED (light-emitting diode display).
- a photovoltaic module is an assembly of photovoltaic cells arranged side by side between a first transparent layer, for example made of glass, forming a front face of the photovoltaic module and a second layer, which can also be transparent and based on glass, metal or plastic, and forming a rear face of the photovoltaic module.
- the photovoltaic cells are electrically connected in series with each other by front and rear electrical contact elements, called connecting conductors and formed for example by copper strips, respectively arranged against the front faces (faces facing the front face).
- photovoltaic module intended to receive the luminous flux
- rear faces facing the rear face of the photovoltaic module
- the photovoltaic module In order for the photovoltaic module to form a rigid assembly, it comprises a frame surrounding a set of laminated layers in which the photovoltaic cells are arranged.
- This assembly may comprise two layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) between which are arranged the photovoltaic cells and the cell connecting conductors, and a layer of glass superimposed on the EVA layer lying opposite the photovoltaic cells, and a layer based on glass or a composite material such as a laminate based on polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) disposed against the other layer of EVA facing the rear faces of the photovoltaic cells.
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
- PVT polyethylene terephthalate
- the document WO 03/038911 A1 describes a photovoltaic module made by encapsulating the photovoltaic cells between two glass-based substrates, the photovoltaic cells being arranged in a sealed interior volume formed by depressurization between the two. glass substrates and delimited laterally by a peripheral sealing joint.
- the photovoltaic cells of such a module generally crack after the photovoltaic module has undergone a few thermal cycles.
- temperature variations for example between about -40 ° C and + 85 ° C, cause pressure variations in the interior volume where the cells are encapsulated, which result in constraints on the photovoltaic cells.
- photovoltaic modules are also found in other types of electrical and / or electronic devices, and in particular in optoelectronic devices such as imaging devices (CCD, CMOS, etc.) or electronic display type (LCD, plasma, LED, ...) comprising encapsulated components, and in which it is sought to obtain a good electrical contact with the component or components of the device despite the surface irregularities of the layers between which the component or components are encapsulated.
- An object of the present invention is to propose an electrical and / or electronic device comprising one or more encapsulated electrical and / or electronic components not having the disadvantages of the devices of the prior art, that is to say which is little costly to achieve, which does not degrade when it undergoes several cycles of temperature variations and which ensures a good electrical contact of the component or components of the device irrespective of the surface irregularities of the layers between which the component or components are encapsulated.
- an electrical device and / or electronic device comprising at least: an electrical and / or electronic component
- the electrical and / or electronic component comprising at least two opposite faces such that each of said two opposite faces is arranged facing each other; one of the two layers of material,
- the element or elements based on the elastic material can apply a pressure between the electrical contact element and the electrical and / or electronic component generated by compression of the element or elements based on the elastic material.
- This compression is due for example to a depression in the volume in which the electrical and / or electronic component is encapsulated and / or be induced by any mechanical force applied to the front or rear face of the device.
- the element or elements based on the elastic material make it possible to ensure good electrical contact between the electrical contact element (s) and the electrical and / or electronic component (s) due to the pressure applied between the or the electrical contact elements and the electrical and / or electronic component (s) by the compressed element (s) based on the elastic material, thus compensating for the variations in stress that may be experienced by the electrical and / or electronic components, for example due to possible irregularities in surface of the layers forming the front and rear faces of the device and / or pressure variations inside the device (in particular in the case of embedded modules in mobile applications or simply because of the transport of the device).
- the electrical and / or electronic component (s), or the electrical contact element (s) may more or less penetrate into the element or elements based on elastic material, this or these elements based on resilient material make it possible to compensate for any defects in flatness and / or parallelism of the two layers forming the front and rear faces of the device and between which the electrical and / or electronic components are encapsulated.
- the one or more electrical and / or electronic components are encapsulated between the layers of material forming the front and rear faces of the device.
- the term "encapsulated” means that the one or more electrical and / or electronic components are arranged in a volume, for example hermetically sealed, at least partly formed by the two layers of material. It is also proposed an electrical and / or electronic device comprising at least:
- the electrical and / or electronic component comprising at least two opposite faces such that each of said two opposite faces is arranged facing each other; one of the two layers of material,
- a second layer based on at least one elastic material with an elastic stiffness lower than that of the elastic material of the first layer, disposed against the first layer of elastic material and between said one of the two layers of material and the contact element; electric.
- the element based on the elastic material may be further disposed between one of the two layers of material and the electrical and / or electronic component.
- the device may comprise a plurality of electrical contact elements such that each of the two opposite faces of the electrical and / or electronic component comprises at least one of the electrical contact elements disposed against said each of the two opposite faces of the electrical and / or electronic component.
- the layer of material forming the front face of the device may be transparent, the electrical and / or electronic component may be able to emit and / or receive at least one luminous flux through the front face of the device.
- transparent means that the material of the layer forming the front face of the device is at least partially transparent to visible light, allowing at least about 80% of this light to pass through.
- the element based on the elastic material may form a layer of elastic material at least partially covering one of the two layers of material.
- the device may further comprise a second layer based on at least one elastic material disposed against the other layer of elastic material and between one of the two layers of material and the electrical contact element.
- the two layers based on elastic material can cooperate with each other to ensure contact between the electrical contact element and the electrical and / or electronic component by applying a pressure between the electrical contact element and the electrical component and / or electronic generated by a compression of the two layers based on elastic material.
- the electrical and / or electronic component may be in contact with the second layer of elastic material.
- the device may comprise:
- the device may further comprise at least one portion of at least one elastic material disposed next to the electrical contact elements, between one of the two layers of material and the electrical and / or electronic component, and against said one of the two layers of material and said electrical and / or electronic component.
- Each of the elements based on elastic material may comprise a recess in which one of the electrical contact elements is arranged, thus facilitating the positioning of the elastic material-based elements relative to the electrical contact elements.
- the element or elements based on elastic material located on the side of the front face of the device may be transparent to at least 80% at least at wavelengths between approximately 300 nm and 1200 nm, and / or the elastic material-based element (s) on the back side of the device may be at least 80% transparent at wavelengths greater than about 1200 nm and / or exhibit an optical reflection of at least 80% with respect to wavelengths between about 300 nm and 1200 nm.
- elastic material means a material having an elastic deformation in a certain range of constraints.
- the elastic material (s) may be at least based on materials chosen from polymers, silicone, rubber, polyurethane, elastomer, or a material whose creep deformation is less than about 10%, and / or further comprising an adhesive character.
- At least the electrical and / or electronic component, the electrical contact element (s), and the elastic material-based element (s) may be disposed in a depressurized hermetically sealed volume formed between said two layers of material.
- the device may comprise:
- the device can be a photovoltaic module.
- the electrical and / or electronic component may be an electronic image sensor or an electronic display element.
- a method for producing an electrical and / or electronic device comprising at least the steps of:
- the element based on the elastic material can be brought into compression such that it generates a pressure between the electrical contact element and the electrical and / or electronic component.
- an electrical and / or electronic device comprising at least the steps of: - Realization of at least one electrical and / or electronic component comprising at least two opposite faces and at least one electrical contact element disposed against at least one of said two opposite faces of the electrical and / or electronic component,
- FIG. 1 represents a photovoltaic module according to a first embodiment
- FIGS. 2A to 2C show the steps of a method for producing the photovoltaic module according to the first embodiment
- FIGS. 3 to 5 represent photovoltaic modules respectively according to a second, a third and a fourth embodiment
- FIG. 6 represents an electronic device of sensor type according to a particular embodiment
- FIG. 7 represents an electronic device of the display type according to a particular embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrical device 100, here a photovoltaic module, according to a first embodiment.
- the photovoltaic module 100 comprises two layers 102 and 104, for example made of glass and forming respectively the front and rear faces of the photovoltaic module 100.
- the photovoltaic module 100 comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells electrically connected to each other by electrical contact elements.
- Each of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b comprises a first face 108a, 108b arranged facing the layer 102 forming the front face of the photovoltaic module 100 and a second face 110a, 110b, opposite to the first face 108a, 108b and arranged opposite the layer 104 forming the rear face of the photovoltaic module 100.
- the electrical contact elements connecting the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b to each other, and for example formed by strips based on one or more electrically conductive materials such as copper, are arranged against the front faces 108a, 108b and rear 110a, 110b of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b.
- electrical contact elements 112a and 114a are respectively disposed against the front face 108a and the rear face 110a of the photovoltaic cell 106a.
- electrical contact elements 112b and 114b are respectively disposed against the front face 108b and the rear face 110b of the photovoltaic cell 106b.
- the layer 102 forming the front face of the module 100 is arranged directly against the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b lying against the front faces 108a, 108b of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b.
- the photovoltaic module 100 further comprises elements 116a and 116b based on a resilient material disposed between the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b and the layer 104 forming the rear face of the photovoltaic module 100.
- the photovoltaic module 100 comprises also portions 118a, 118b based on an elastic material disposed between the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and the layer 104 forming the rear face of the photovoltaic module 100.
- the portions 118a, 118b have a thickness (dimension along the y axis represented in Figure 1) greater than that of the elements 116a, 116b because these portions 118a, 118b are disposed between the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b of each of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b.
- each of the portions 118a, 118b is substantially equal to the sum of the thicknesses of one of the elastic elements 116a, 116b and of one of the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b.
- the elements 116a, 116b and the portions 118a, 118b are here based on polymer, for example elastomer.
- the pressure generated by this compression makes it possible to ensure good electrical contact between the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b.
- the material forming the elastic elements 116a, 116b and the portions 118a, 118b may be chosen such that, for a crush equal to about 50 ⁇ m, this material returns a pressure of at least 0.3 MPa, and / or such that for a crush equal to about 150 ⁇ m, this material returns a pressure less than or equal to about 1 MPa.
- the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b, the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b as well as the elastic material elements 116a, 116b, 118a, 118b are arranged in a volume sealed interior formed between the layers 102 and 104 of the photovoltaic module 100, the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b thus being encapsulated between the layers 102 and 104.
- the absolute internal pressure prevailing inside this volume may be equal to or greater than about 800 mbar (ie a relative pressure equal to about -200 mbar relative to the atmospheric pressure).
- the elements 116a, 116b and the portions 118a, 118b based on the elastic material also make it possible to compensate for flatness defects of the layers 102 and 104 forming the front and rear faces of the module photovoltaic 100, and thus to obtain a good electrical contact between the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b and the faces 110a, 110b of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b on the side of the rear face of the photovoltaic module 100, and between the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b and the faces 108a, 108b of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b located on the front side of the photovoltaic module 100.
- This compensation makes it possible, especially when the temperature at which the photovoltaic module 100 is located varies, varying the pressure inside the sealed volume in which the elements of the module 100 are located, to always have an electrical contact between the elements of the module. electrical contact 114a, 114b and the faces 110a, 110b of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and between the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b and the faces 108a, 108b of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b. In addition, this compensation also makes it possible to prevent the formation of cracks in the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b after the module 100 has undergone several thermal cycles.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C show the steps of a method for producing the photovoltaic module 100.
- the elements 116a, 116b and the polymer-based portions 118a, 118b are firstly produced, for example using dispensing nozzles or by screen printing, on the layer 104 intended to form the rear face of the photovoltaic cell 100.
- the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b are produced and the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b are formed against the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b in a conventional manner.
- the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b are then arranged against the elements 116a, 116b and the portions 118a, 118b based on elastic material (FIG. 2B).
- the photovoltaic module 100 is closed by placing the glass layer 102, forming the front face of the photovoltaic module 100, against the electrical contacts 112a, 112b.
- the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and their electrical contacts 114a, 114b are pressed against the elements and portions of elastomer 116a, 116b, 118a, 118b and sink more or less into these elements and portions of elastomer 116a, 116b, 118a, 118b according to variations and / or flatness and / or parallelism between the two layers 102 and 104 forming the front and rear faces of the photovoltaic module 100.
- the photovoltaic module 100 is closed in a depressurized environment.
- the value of the depression depends on the temperature at which this closure is made: the pressure is for example less than or equal to about -300 mbar (relative value with respect to the atmospheric pressure) when the temperature is equal to about 20 ° C, or less than or equal to about -100 mbar (relative to atmospheric pressure) when the temperature is about 90 ° C.
- This depression makes it possible to straighten the elements of the photovoltaic module 100 and to avoid any risk of bending (bending) at the layers 102 and 104 forming the front and rear faces of the photovoltaic module 100 (curved layers towards the outside of the module 100) when they are exposed to high temperatures or low pressures (eg when the module is placed at high altitudes).
- This distance D is for example calculated such that:
- Econtact thickness of one of the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b;
- Eceiiuie thickness of one of the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b;
- the elastomer has the thickness of one of the elastomer portions 118a, 118b;
- planarity defects of the glass layers 102, 104 (generally at most equal to about 100 ⁇ m).
- This distance D can also be written in the form:
- Respecting this distance D makes it possible to guarantee good electrical contact on all the photovoltaic cells after depressurization in the photovoltaic module 100.
- FIG. 3 shows a photovoltaic module 200 according to a second embodiment.
- the photovoltaic module 200 comprises the two glass layers 102 and 104 forming the front and rear faces of the photovoltaic module 200, the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b, the elements of the photovoltaic module. electrical contact 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b, as well as the portions of elastic material 118a, 118b.
- the photovoltaic module 200 also comprises elements 202a, 202b based on an elastic material, for example elastomer, disposed between the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b and the layer 104 forming the rear face of the photovoltaic module 200.
- an elastic material for example elastomer
- These elements 202a, 202b have a role identical to the elements 116a, 116b of the photovoltaic module 100, namely to ensure a good electrical contact between the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b and the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b, to compensate for the flatness defects of the layers. 102 and 104 and thus avoid the formation of cracks in the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b after a few thermal cycles.
- the characteristics of the material on which the elements 202a and 202b are made may be similar to those of the material on which the elements 116a, 116b are made.
- the elements 202a, 202b here have a shape of "U", that is to say each comprise a recess in which is disposed one of the contact elements 112a, 112b.
- the photovoltaic module 200 comprises second elements 204a, 204b based on elastic material, for example similar to the elements 202a, 202b, arranged between each of the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b and the layer 102 forming the front face of the photovoltaic module 200.
- these elements 204a, 204b each comprise a recess in which is disposed one of the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, to facilitate the positioning of these elements relative to the elements. electrical contact 112a, 112b.
- These elements 204a, 204b cooperate with the other elements 202a, 202b based on elastic material to ensure good electrical contact between the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b and the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b, compensating for flatness defects.
- layers 102, 104 forming the front and rear faces of the photovoltaic module 200 and thus prevent the formation of cracks in the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b after a few thermal cycles experienced by the photovoltaic module 200.
- the method used to produce the photovoltaic module 200 is substantially similar to the method for producing the photovoltaic module 100 previously described, except that the elements 204a, 204b based on an elastic material are previously made against the layer 102 intended to form the front face of the photovoltaic module 200.
- the photovoltaic module 200 is then closed by placing the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b in the recesses of the elastic elements 202a, 202b and the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b in the recesses of the elastic elements 204a, 204b.
- the photovoltaic module 200 it is possible to have portions based on elastic material, similar to the portions 118a, 118b, above the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b, that is to say between the cells photovoltaic 106a, 106b and the layer 102 forming the front face of the photovoltaic module 200, between the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b of each of the cells 106a, 106b.
- FIG. 4 shows a photovoltaic module 300 according to a third embodiment.
- the photovoltaic module 300 comprises the two glass layers 102 and 104, the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b.
- the photovoltaic module 300 also comprises a layer 302 based on an elastic material for example similar to the material forming the elements 116a, 116a, 202a, 202b, 204a, 204b and / or the portions 118a, 118b of the photovoltaic modules 100 and 200.
- This layer 302 covers the layer 104 forming the rear face of the photovoltaic module 300.
- the photovoltaic module 300 also comprises a second layer 304 based on elastic material disposed between the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b and the first elastic layer 302.
- these layers 302 and 304 make it possible to ensure good electrical contact between the electrical contact elements 112a, 112b, 114a. , 114b and the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b, to compensate for the flatness defects of the layers 102, 104 forming the front and rear faces of the photovoltaic module 300 and thus to prevent the formation of cracks in the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b after a few thermal cycles undergone by the photovoltaic module 200.
- the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b are driven into the second elastic layer 304 such that the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b also rest on the second elastic layer 304
- the second elastic layer 304 thus supports the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and makes it possible to attenuate the effects of deformation. n by bending the cells 106a, 106b which could appear during the thermal cycles that the photovoltaic module 300 undergoes.
- the material of the layer 302 may have an elastic stiffness sufficient to provide the electrical contacts. This elastic stiffness can it should also be greater than that of the material of the layer 304, which makes it possible to limit the buckling of the cells 106a, 106b.
- the material of the second layer 304 is chosen sufficiently electrically insulating (electrical resistivity for example greater than about 2 E 15 Q.cm) in order not to short circuit the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b to each other.
- the elastic material or materials used to produce the layers 302 and 304 may be of the silicone elastomer gel type, EPDM (Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer) rubber, polyurethane rubber, or an elastomer foam of any sufficiently flexible and viscoelastic polymer type, that is to say having for example a deformation of the order of a millimeter when the photovoltaic module 300 undergoes a temperature variation between about -40 ° C and + 90 ° C.
- EPDM Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer
- the layers 302 and 304 may be in the form of prefabricated elastic films stacked on the layer 104 or be made by direct viscous phase deposits on the layer 104 by a large surface deposition process, for example by scraping without a mask (process "Doctor blade”).
- FIG. 5 shows a photovoltaic module 400 according to a fourth embodiment.
- the photovoltaic module 400 comprises a single layer 402 based on elastic material disposed on the layer 104 forming the rear face of the module 400 and on which rests the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b and the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b.
- the electrical contact elements 114a, 114b form recesses 404a, 404b in the layer 402.
- the material from which the layer 402 is made may be similar to the material of the previously described layers 302 and 304, and in particular be sufficiently electrically insulating so as not to short-circuit the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b with each other.
- the layer 402 can be made by implementing techniques similar to those described above for producing the layer 302.
- this fourth embodiment it is possible to make the layer 402 independently of the support formed by the layer 104, in the form of a film.
- this film can be applied to the support only at the time of assembly of the module 400.
- the thicknesses of the elements based on elastic material are adapted as a function of the rheological characteristics of the elastic materials used.
- the elements 116a, 116b of the photovoltaic module 100 and the elements 202a, 202b of the photovoltaic module 200 are made of silicone gel of Shore 00 hardness equal to about 45, these elements may have a thickness equal to about 0, 5 mm.
- the layer 302 may be a film based on TPU (tetra polyurethane) of Shore 00 hardness equal to about 80 and of a thickness equal to about 0.5 mm and the second layer 304 may be based on an EPDM rubber Shore 00 hardness equal to about 45 and thickness equal to about 0.2 mm.
- the layer 402 may be a TPU film having a Shore 00 hardness of about 45 and a thickness of about 45.
- the elastic materials used have an adhesive nature in order to improve the assembly of the elements of the photovoltaic modules 100 to 400, especially between the elastic materials and the electrical contact elements.
- the elastic elements that are on the front side of the photovoltaic module from materials. transparent at least at wavelengths between about 300 nm and 1200 nm.
- the elastic elements present on the front face of the photovoltaic module do not prevent the light rays passing through the front face of the photovoltaic module from reaching the photovoltaic cells 106a, 106b.
- the light absorption of the photovoltaic cells is then substantially similar to a photovoltaic module having no elastic elements at the front face of the photovoltaic module.
- the elastic elements on the back side of the photovoltaic module can be made from transparent materials with wavelengths greater than about 1200 nm and / or having optical reflection with respect to wavelengths. between about 300 nm and 1200 nm. Thus, the light rays reaching these elements without being absorbed by the cells can be reflected to the photovoltaic cells of the module, thus improving the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the module.
- the technical effects obtained by using one or more elastic material-based elements previously described for photovoltaic modules can also be applied to other types of electrical and / or electronic device comprising electrical components and / or encapsulated between two layers forming the front and rear faces of the device, especially when the components are components optical components such as CCD, CMOS, or when the device is a flat screen, for example LCD, plasma or LED.
- FIG. 500 An example of such a CCD / CMOS sensor type device 500 is shown in FIG.
- the device 500 comprises a sensor 502 encapsulated between a layer 504 forming the front face of the device 500 and a layer 506 forming the rear face of the device 500.
- the sensor 502 is electrically connected to planar-plate-type electrical contacts 508 disposed between the upper layer 504 and the sensor 502 at the periphery of the sensor 502.
- the device 500 also comprises a element 510 made from a material elastic member disposed between the sensor 502 and the lower layer 506, forming an elastic layer supporting the sensor 502 while ensuring a good electrical contact between the sensor 502 and the contacts 508.
- this layer 510 also makes it possible to compensate for the flatness and / or parallelism defects of the layers 504 and 506 of the device 500.
- FIG. 600 Another device 600 of the LED display type is shown in FIG.
- This device 600 comprises a plurality of
- LEDs 602 arranged and encapsulated between an upper layer 604 forming the front face of the device 600 and a lower layer 606 forming the rear face of the device 600.
- Each LED 602 is electrically connected to an electrical contact 608, each electrical contact 608 being in contact with a connection element 610, for example a printed circuit.
- the electrical contact between the LEDs 602 and the printed circuit board 610 via the electrical contacts 608 is obtained by a pressure between these elements.
- the device 600 comprises an element 612 based on a resilient material, forming a layer, disposed between the LEDs 602 and the upper layer 604 which provides this electrical contact by a pressure between the LEDs 602 and the printed circuit 610 by via the electrical contacts 608 generated by the compression of this element 612 obtained after having placed the upper layer 604 on the LEDs 602 and closed the device 600.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012543684A JP5703308B2 (ja) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | 弾性接触要素を有する電気および/または電子デバイス |
US13/514,399 US8519531B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | Electrical and/or electronic device with elastic contact element |
KR1020127017527A KR20120120194A (ko) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | 탄성 접점 요소를 지니는 전기 및/또는 전자 장치 |
CN201080062949.4A CN102742030B (zh) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | 具有弹性接触元件的电气及/或电子装置 |
EP10792899A EP2513975A1 (fr) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | Dispositif electrique et/ou electronique a element elastique de contact |
AU2010333005A AU2010333005A1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | Electrical and/or electronic device having a resilient contact element |
BR112012014442A BR112012014442A2 (pt) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | dispositivo elétrico e/ou eletrônico com elemento elástico de contato |
ZA2012/04206A ZA201204206B (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2012-06-08 | Electrical and/or electronic device having a resilient contact element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0959001A FR2953993B1 (fr) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | Dispositif electrique et/ou electronique a element elastique de contact |
FR0959001 | 2009-12-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011073190A1 true WO2011073190A1 (fr) | 2011-06-23 |
Family
ID=42101830
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2010/069627 WO2011073190A1 (fr) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-12-14 | Dispositif electrique et/ou electronique a element elastique de contact |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8519531B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2513975A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5703308B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20120120194A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102742030B (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2010333005A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112012014442A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2953993B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011073190A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201204206B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR102008816B1 (ko) * | 2016-02-17 | 2019-08-07 | 하나 마이크론(주) | 스마트 기기의 지문 인식용 유연 센서 반도체 패키지 및 그 제조 방법 |
US10985688B2 (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2021-04-20 | Tesla, Inc. | Sidelap interconnect for photovoltaic roofing modules |
US10734938B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2020-08-04 | Tesla, Inc. | Packaging for solar roof tiles |
US10862420B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2020-12-08 | Tesla, Inc. | Inter-tile support for solar roof tiles |
CN108682705A (zh) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-19 | 汉能新材料科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能电池板 |
US11245354B2 (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2022-02-08 | Tesla, Inc. | Solar roof tile spacer with embedded circuitry |
US11245355B2 (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2022-02-08 | Tesla, Inc. | Solar roof tile module |
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-
2009
- 2009-12-15 FR FR0959001A patent/FR2953993B1/fr active Active
-
2010
- 2010-12-14 BR BR112012014442A patent/BR112012014442A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-12-14 US US13/514,399 patent/US8519531B2/en active Active
- 2010-12-14 KR KR1020127017527A patent/KR20120120194A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-12-14 CN CN201080062949.4A patent/CN102742030B/zh active Active
- 2010-12-14 EP EP10792899A patent/EP2513975A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-12-14 WO PCT/EP2010/069627 patent/WO2011073190A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2010-12-14 JP JP2012543684A patent/JP5703308B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-14 AU AU2010333005A patent/AU2010333005A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-06-08 ZA ZA2012/04206A patent/ZA201204206B/en unknown
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EP0343628A2 (fr) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-11-29 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat en verre pour une cellule solaire |
DE19752678A1 (de) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-06-02 | Inst Solarenergieforschung | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Photovoltaik Moduls und Photovoltaik Modul |
WO2003038911A1 (fr) | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-08 | Solar, Appolon | Assemblage de cellules photovoltaiques et procede de fabrication d'un tel assemblage |
WO2004095586A2 (fr) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-11-04 | Apollon Solar | Module photovoltaique et procede de fabrication d’un tel module |
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FR2917899A1 (fr) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-26 | Apollon Solar Soc Par Actions | Module photovoltaique comprenant un film polymere et procede de fabrication d'un tel module |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5703308B2 (ja) | 2015-04-15 |
US8519531B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
BR112012014442A2 (pt) | 2017-03-01 |
FR2953993A1 (fr) | 2011-06-17 |
KR20120120194A (ko) | 2012-11-01 |
CN102742030B (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
AU2010333005A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
ZA201204206B (en) | 2013-02-27 |
JP2013513962A (ja) | 2013-04-22 |
EP2513975A1 (fr) | 2012-10-24 |
FR2953993B1 (fr) | 2012-06-15 |
CN102742030A (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
US20120248493A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
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