WO2011063739A1 - 焙烧还原竖炉 - Google Patents

焙烧还原竖炉 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011063739A1
WO2011063739A1 PCT/CN2010/079032 CN2010079032W WO2011063739A1 WO 2011063739 A1 WO2011063739 A1 WO 2011063739A1 CN 2010079032 W CN2010079032 W CN 2010079032W WO 2011063739 A1 WO2011063739 A1 WO 2011063739A1
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Prior art keywords
zone
furnace
roasting
ore
region
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PCT/CN2010/079032
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨光
Original Assignee
Yang Guang
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Publication of WO2011063739A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011063739A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/18—Arrangements of dust collectors

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical beneficiation equipment, in particular to solving roasting of various types of iron oxide minerals which are difficult to select, iron-poor iron oxide ore burning, and multi-metal co-contained ore with high ore content. Restore the shaft furnace.
  • the magnetization roasting has a shaft furnace roasting, a converter roasting, a boiling roasting, and a ramp furnace roasting according to the roasting method.
  • Shaft furnaces and converters are used to roast ore in a fixed bed.
  • Boiling roasting and ramp furnace roasting are dynamic roasting.
  • Boiling roasting is a method of magnetizing roasting ore in a fluidized fluidized bed. It is suitable for the treatment of fine ore.
  • boiling roasting has high output, low investment and cost ratio converter. It is about two-thirds lower, but it is currently in the semi-industrial test and industrial test stage.
  • the slope furnace is a method of magnetizing roasting powder ore in a floating bed between a fluidized bed and a fixed bed.
  • the time of the semi-industrial test and industrial test proves that the slope furnace has a simple structure, a fast construction, and a granularity to the original ore.
  • the Anshan-type shaft furnace is often used in the burning of poor ore mines. However, it requires the construction of blast furnaces and coke ovens. The investment is very huge, and the environmental pollution is serious. Only by solving environmental problems can this process be adopted, and the national industrial policy is clearly ordered. Shut down the small blast furnace and close the high-energy coking plant, so that the old craft with 83 years of history can not be promoted. Moreover, the structure of the body cavity of the Anshan-type shaft furnace is relatively simple, mainly for the treatment of lump ore, and is not suitable for powder ore.
  • an improved Anshan type shaft furnace which not only has small investment, but also has simple process, wide application range of granularity of calcined ore, and effectively solves refractory and iron-poor iron oxide ore burning. And the multi-metal co- (concomitant) ore-prone problem of various types of iron oxide minerals with high ore ratio and complex ore composition, so that the above-mentioned abandoned mineral resources can be effectively utilized.
  • a roasting reduction shaft furnace comprising a feeding system in the upper part of the top of the furnace, a furnace body, a discharging system in the lower part of the furnace body, and a smoking system, and the furnace body cavity is divided into pre-stages from top to bottom.
  • the hot zone, the calcination zone, the reduction zone, and the preheating zone and the heating zone on both sides of the calcination zone.
  • the upper ends of the preheating zone and the calcining zone are turned on, the lower ends of the heating zone and the calcining zone are turned on, and the preheating zone and the heating zone are disposed apart.
  • the inner cavity portion at the firing zone of the furnace body is a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the discharging system has a roller type discharging machine disposed on both sides of the lower part of the reduction zone of the furnace body, and the transmission part adopts a pendulum type speed reducer.
  • the utility model fundamentally improves the limitation of the size of the roasting ore by the Anshan-type shaft furnace, the poor quality of roasting, the large capital investment, the long construction period and the high production cost, and the blast furnace and the coke oven are not required for production, and the site selection and the process are
  • the requirements are simple, the investment is small, the construction period is short, the effect is quick, and it meets the national environmental protection requirements.
  • Through the "weak magnetic separation of iron ore magnetization roaster" process it solves the refractory, iron-poor iron oxide ore burning, and the multi-metal co-contained ore with high proportion of ore and complex ore composition.
  • the problem of mineral processing has enabled the above-mentioned abandoned mineral resources to be effectively utilized.
  • the inner cavity of the furnace body roasting zone is a rectangular parallelepiped, which makes the ore uniformly descend and roasting, which overcomes the shortcoming of the falling edge of the ore in the old furnace type of the Anshan type shaft furnace.
  • the particle size range of the mineral particles in the furnace of the utility model is relatively large, and the quality of the roasting product is relatively uniform, but the production cost is about 1.5 times lower than that of the Anshan type shaft furnace.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an Anshan-type shaft furnace
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the utility model.
  • a roasting reduction shaft furnace includes a feeding system at the upper portion of the furnace top, a furnace body, a discharge system at the lower portion of the furnace body, and a smoking system, and the furnace chamber is divided into a preheating zone from top to bottom. , the calcining zone 3, the reduction zone 4, and the preheating zone 6 and the heating zone 7 on both sides of the calcining zone 3, the upper ends of the preheating zone 6 and the calcining zone 3 are connected, and the lower ends of the heating zone 7 and the calcining zone 3 are connected.
  • the preheating zone 6 and the heating zone 7 are sealed and isolated, and the inner cavity section of the furnace body roasting zone 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped; the structure makes the distribution of the redox agent in the furnace relatively uniform, and the ore falling speed is relatively uniform.
  • the heating zone and the reduction zone it is conducive to the uniform drop and roasting of the ore, which overcomes the shortcoming of the falling edge of the ore in the old furnace type of the Anshan type shaft furnace.
  • the discharging system mainly has a roller type discharging machine which is arranged on both sides of the lower part of the reduction zone 4 of the furnace body. 8, the transmission part adopts a pendulum type reducer, the roller type discharge machine 8 is placed in the water of the water quenching cooling room 5; the needle pendulum type reducer can achieve small investment, simple installation, reliable operation, and the rotation speed can be According to the quality of ore reduction, it can be adjusted to achieve simple discharge.
  • the upper part of the top of the utility model is a feeding funnel, the two sides of the funnel are exhaust pipes, the corresponding exhaust pipe is connected with the exhaust pipe, two dust collectors are installed, and two sets of smoke collecting and dust collecting systems are formed, and the two sets of dust collectors are After the flue gas passes through the cyclone dust eliminator, the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere by an exhaust fan.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

焙烧还原竖炉 技术领域
本实用新型属于化学选矿设备技术领域， 尤其涉及解决难选、贫 铁氧化铁矿烧选， 及多金属共（伴）生矿石比例高、 矿石成分复杂的 各类氧化铁矿物烧选的焙烧还原竖炉。
背景技术
磁化焙烧按其焙烧方式有竖炉焙烧、转炉焙烧、沸腾焙烧以及斜 坡炉焙烧等。竖炉、 转炉是在固定床位中焙烧矿石， 沸腾焙烧以及斜 坡炉焙烧则属于动态焙烧。沸腾焙烧是在流态化的沸腾床中磁化焙烧 矿石的一种方法， 适于处理粉矿， 根据我国最近几年的研究和国外有 关资料报道， 沸腾焙烧具有产量高、 投资少、 成本比转炉约低三分之 二等优点， 但目前处于半工业试验和工业试验阶段。斜坡炉是介于流 态化床和固定床之间的浮动床层中磁化焙烧粉矿的方法，经半工业试 验和工业试验的时间证明， 斜坡炉具有结构简单、 建设快、 对原矿粒 度和湿度适应性强的特点， 但目前也还是处于工业试验阶段。
烧选贫矿国内多采用鞍山式竖炉， 但其需要高炉与焦炉配套建 设， 投资十分巨大， 且对环境污染严重， 只有解决环保问题， 才能采 用这种工艺， 且国家产业政策又明确命令关停小高炉， 关闭高耗能焦 化厂， 使其具有 83年历史的老工艺得不到推广。 而且， 鞍山式竖炉 炉体内腔结构较为简单， 主要以处理块矿为主， 不适用于粉矿。
现国内已发现的贫铁难选矿资源在世界位居第一，但大部份无法 开发利用， 造成很大的资源浪费。 中国对铁矿石的需求缺口， 只能依 靠进口国外高价铁矿石。 为此， 创新研发选矿设备及技术， 显得尤为 迫切和重要。
实用新型内容 为解决现有技术的问题， 提供一种改进的鞍山式竖炉， 不仅投资 小， 而且工艺简单， 对焙烧矿石的粒度适用范围广， 且有效的解决了 难选、 贫铁氧化铁矿烧选， 及多金属共 （伴） 生矿石比例高、 矿石成 分复杂的各类氧化铁矿物的选矿难题，使上述被废弃的矿产资源得到 有效利用。
所采取的技术方案是： 一种焙烧还原竖炉， 包括炉顶上部的给料 ***、 炉体、 炉体下部的排矿***和抽烟***， 所述炉体炉腔从上到 下分为预热区、 焙烧区、还原区， 以及处于焙烧区两侧的预加热区和 加热区。预加热区和焙烧区的上端接通，加热区和焙烧区的下端接通， 且预加热区和加热区隔离设置。
所述炉体焙烧区处的内腔截面为长方体。
所述排矿***有设在炉体还原区下部两侧的辊式排矿机，其传动 部分采用针摆式减速机。
本实用新型从根本上改善了鞍山式竖炉对焙烧矿石粒度的局限 和焙烧质量差、 基建投资大、 施工周期长、 生产费用高等问题， 生产 时不需要高炉和焦炉， 对选址和工艺要求简单， 投资小， 建设期短， 见效快， 并符合国家环保要求。经过 "铁矿石磁化焙烧炉一弱磁选" 工艺， 解决了难选、 贫铁氧化铁矿烧选， 及多金属共 （伴）生矿石比 例高、矿石成分复杂的各类氧化铁矿物的选矿难题， 使上述被废弃的 矿产资源得到有效利用。
炉体焙烧区处的内腔截面为长方体， 使得矿石均匀下降和焙烧， 克服了鞍山式竖炉旧炉型中矿石边缘部位下落较快的缺点。
本实用新型入炉的矿物颗粒粒度范围较大， 焙烧产品质量较均 匀， 但生产成本比鞍山式竖炉低 1. 5倍左右。
各种焙烧炉处理矿石的粒度范围 炉 型 焙烧矿石粒度 （匪） 备 注 鞍山式竖炉 75-20 国内工业生产应用 转炉 30-0 国外生产应用 沸腾炉 3 ( 5 ) -0 国内半工业试验 斜坡炉 12 ( 25 ) - 0 国内半工业试验 本实用新型 100-0 国内工业生产应用 烧每吨矿石煤热耗低。
实验证明， 经本实用新型焙烧的产品， 经过磁选后， 精矿品位在
60%〜63%左右， 产率在 50%左右， 从而达到钢铁冶炼原料标准。
附图说明
图 1为鞍山式竖炉的剖面结构示意图；
图 2为本实用新型的剖面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本实用新型及其有益效果作进一步的说明。
参照图 2，一种焙烧还原竖炉，包括炉顶上部的给料***、炉体、 炉体下部的排矿***和抽烟***，所述炉体炉腔从上到下分为预热区 2、 焙烧区 3、 还原区 4， 以及处于焙烧区 3两侧的预加热区 6和加热 区 7， 预加热区 6和焙烧区 3的上端接通， 加热区 7和焙烧区 3的下 端接通， 且预加热区 6和加热区 7密封隔离， 且炉体焙烧区 3处的内 腔截面为长方体； 此种结构使得炉内氧化还原剂分布比较均匀， 矿石 下降速度也比较均匀。在加热区和还原区， 有利于矿石均匀下降和焙 烧， 克服了鞍山式竖炉旧炉型中矿石边缘部位下落较快的缺点。且废 气中残留的可燃气体较少， 氧化还原剂有效利用率高， 较好地解决了 过去煤气燃烧不完全的问题。
所述排矿***主要有设在炉体还原区 4 下部两侧的辊式排矿机 8， 其传动部分采用针摆式减速机， 该辊式排矿机 8置于水淬冷却间 5的水中； 采用针摆式减速机， 可以达到投资小、 安装简便、 运行可 靠、 其转速可按矿石还原质量能进行调节、 实现排矿简单的功效。
本实用新型炉顶上部为给矿漏斗， 漏斗两侧为排烟管， 有相应废 气弯管与排烟管连接， 安装两个除尘器， 构成两组排烟收尘***， 两 组除尘器的烟气经旋风防尘器后， 由一台抽风机将烟气排到大气中。

Claims

1、 一种焙烧还原竖炉， 包括炉顶上部的给料***、 炉体、 炉体 下部的排矿***和抽烟***， 其特征在于： 所述炉体炉腔从上到下分 为预热区 （2)、 焙烧区 （3)、 还原区 （4)， 以及处于焙烧区 （3) 两 侧的预加热区 （6) 和加热区 （7)， 预加热区 （6) 和焙烧区 （3) 的 上端接通， 加热区 （7) 和焙烧区 （3) 的下端接通， 且预加热区 （6) 和加热区 （7) 隔离设置。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的焙烧还原竖炉， 其特征在于： 所述炉 体焙烧区 （3) 处的内腔截面为长方体。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的焙烧还原竖炉， 其特征在于： 所述排 矿***有设在炉体还原区 （4) 下部两侧的辊式排矿机 （8)， 其传动 部分采用针摆式减速机。
PCT/CN2010/079032 2009-11-25 2010-11-23 焙烧还原竖炉 WO2011063739A1 (zh)

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Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201589515U (zh) * 2009-11-25 2010-09-22 杨光 焙烧还原竖炉
CN103409615B (zh) * 2013-07-29 2014-09-10 青岛智邦炉窑设计研究有限公司 一种矿物焙烧还原装置及其使用方法
CN103849760B (zh) * 2014-01-28 2016-08-24 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种高效控制铁矿石磁化的竖炉及其焙烧方法
CN105018720B (zh) * 2015-07-07 2017-11-24 青岛智邦炉窑设计研究有限公司 一种喷煤粉矿物焙烧装置及工艺
CN105823328A (zh) * 2016-04-21 2016-08-03 青岛智邦炉窑设计研究有限公司 一种远红外热辐射氢气还原焙烧装置及工艺
CN106676220A (zh) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-17 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 一种冷固结球团制备海绵铁的气基竖炉及其方法
CN107354259A (zh) * 2017-08-03 2017-11-17 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 一种煤基直接还原竖炉及采用该竖炉进行冶炼的方法

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