WO2011063596A1 - 海上风力发电机组运输吊装船以及运输吊装方法 - Google Patents

海上风力发电机组运输吊装船以及运输吊装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011063596A1
WO2011063596A1 PCT/CN2010/001683 CN2010001683W WO2011063596A1 WO 2011063596 A1 WO2011063596 A1 WO 2011063596A1 CN 2010001683 W CN2010001683 W CN 2010001683W WO 2011063596 A1 WO2011063596 A1 WO 2011063596A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fan
hoisting
wind turbine
offshore wind
hull
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/001683
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黎焱
Original Assignee
华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 filed Critical 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司
Priority to EP10832503A priority Critical patent/EP2505484A1/en
Priority to CA2777282A priority patent/CA2777282C/en
Priority to US13/504,469 priority patent/US20120219364A1/en
Priority to AU2010324438A priority patent/AU2010324438A1/en
Priority to BR112012009550A priority patent/BR112012009550A2/pt
Priority to IN3293DEN2012 priority patent/IN2012DN03293A/en
Publication of WO2011063596A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011063596A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/10—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/003—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/40—Arrangements or methods specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hoisting ship and a transportation lifting method thereof, in particular to a hoisting ship for overall transportation and hoisting of an offshore wind turbine and a transportation hoisting method completed by the hoisting vessel.
  • the offshore turbines have larger impeller diameters, lower rated wind speeds, and higher hub heights at the same rated power.
  • Low (low tower height) and high tip speed ratio which can greatly increase the unit's power generation and extend the life of the unit.
  • offshore wind power in the world is booming, and China has also planned a tens of kilowatt-class offshore wind farm.
  • the installation plans for offshore wind farms in foreign countries include: 1. Assembly of sub-assemblies: Similar to the installation scheme of land-based wind turbines, towers, nacelles and impellers are installed in sequence in the wind farm. The hoisting vessel lifts its entirety above the water surface to avoid the wind and waves causing the vessel to rise and sway, achieving safe and accurate installation of the turbine. 2. Overall hoisting: After the completion of the assembly of the fan at the terminal, the whole crane is hoisted to the installation ship and transported to the wind farm to complete the overall lifting. Since the current hoisting is a floating crane, the connection between the fan and the foundation must be buffered to protect the foundation and the wind turbine.
  • the invention provides an overall transportation lifting ship for offshore wind turbines and a transportation lifting method. Can realize the overall transportation of wind turbines And hoisting, not only can ensure the sufficiency of the commissioning work of the pre-installed fan equipment, but also cost-effectively carry out the transportation and hoisting of the offshore wind turbine, which not only greatly shortens the cycle of wind farm construction, but also reduces: after the wind turbine is hoisted The commissioning work realized the rapid grid connection of offshore wind turbines.
  • An offshore wind turbine transportation hoisting vessel comprising a hull, wherein a tail of the hull is provided with a "U" shaped opening for the fan to pass through; a plurality of fixing brackets, the fixing brackets are arranged in parallel in two rows, the fixing bracket The bottom end is fixed on the deck of the hull; the first slide rail is installed at the top end of each of the fixed brackets; the second slide rail is installed on the inner side of the two rows of fixed brackets on the deck of the hull, The second sliding rail is parallel to the first sliding rail; the fan is provided with a lifting beam slidingly matched with the first sliding rail; and a buffering device is fixed to the bottom of the fan and sliding with the second sliding rail Cooperating; a slewing crane, provided at the top end of the "U" shaped opening; the hoisting device is disposed at the tail of the hull.
  • the buffer device has a plurality of claw portions, and a hydraulic cylinder is disposed at the bottom of each claw portion.
  • the two sides of the hanging beam have symmetric wing portions, and the wing portions are placed on the first sliding rail.
  • the hoisting device has a wire rope, one end of the wire rope is fixed on the hoisting device, and the other end is fixed on the hanging beam of the fan.
  • the head of the hull is also provided with a hoisting device.
  • the head of the hull is provided with a fixed pulley for winding the wire rope.
  • An offshore wind turbine transportation method using an offshore wind turbine to transport a hoisting vessel includes the following steps: (1) assembling the wind turbine and performing a grid connection test; (2) loading the wind turbines one by one; (3) The hoisting vessel arrives at the designated wind farm position by sea transportation; (4) The wind turbine is hoisted above the fan foundation and buffered by the buffer device to smoothly connect the wind turbine to the fan foundation.
  • the step (2) further comprises: rotating the lifting beam of the rotary crane to lift the fan, lifting the fan to the deck of the hull, slidingly engaging the first sliding rail and the lifting beam, and the buffer device and the second sliding The rail is slidably fitted; the wire rope of the hoisting device of the bow is fixed on the lifting beam of the fan, and the bow hoisting device tightens the wire rope to make the whole machine shift on the ship, thereby moving the fan to the designated position.
  • the step (2) further comprises: rotating the lifting beam of the lifting crane to lift the fan, lifting the fan to the deck of the hull, sliding the first sliding rail and the hanging beam, and the buffer device and the second sliding rail Sliding fit; winding the wire rope of the stern hoisting device on the fixed pulley of the bow, and then fixing the end of the wire rope to the hanging beam of the fan, and the hoist hoisting device tightens the wire rope to make the whole machine shift on the ship, Thereby moving the fan to the designated position.
  • the step (4) further comprises: fixing the wire rope of the stern hoisting device on the hanging beam of the wind turbine, and translating the wind turbine into the working radius of the rotary crane through the winding of the stern hoisting device, and then removing the wire rope, The lifting beam of the fan is lifted by the rotary crane and then rotated, and the fan is suspended above the fan foundation.
  • the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: a plurality of sets of wind power fan transportation and hoisting are provided, and a new offshore wind power construction scheme is provided; sufficient fan debugging before the factory leaving the factory is realized, the on-site debugging time is greatly shortened; and the wind power installation vessel is reduced For the restriction of external conditions such as seabed and water depth, it can not only construct offshore wind farms, but also construct deep sea wind farms; it is safe, efficient and economical, greatly shortens the delivery period of wind power equipment and enhances the competitiveness of equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic overall view of a transport hoisting ship of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view showing the translation of the fan loading and the fan of the present invention
  • Figures 3a and 3b are schematic views of the operation of the fan hoisting of the present invention.
  • the offshore wind turbine transport hoisting ship of the present invention includes a hull 7 in which a hoisting device is provided, and the rig includes a set of fixed brackets. 1 .
  • the set of fixing brackets 1 is a plurality of fixing brackets 1 arranged in two rows in parallel.
  • the bottom end of the fixing bracket 1 is fixed on the deck in the hull 7.
  • the top of the fixing bracket 1 is fixed with a steel structure, and the first rails 31 are respectively mounted on the two rows of steel structures.
  • two second slide rails 32 are formed on the inner side of the two rows of fixed brackets 1 in parallel with the first slide rails 31.
  • the fan 8 is an assembled complete fan, including components such as a fuselage and a blade.
  • the structure of the fan 8 is not the invention of the present invention, and therefore will not be described herein.
  • a lifting beam 2 is arranged on the fuselage of the fan 8 at a position matching the first sliding rail 31.
  • the lifting beam 2 has symmetric wings on both sides thereof, and can be placed on the first sliding rail 31, and in the first sliding rail 31. Swipe up.
  • the bottom of the fan 8 is fixed with a buffer device 5 by bolts, and the buffer device 5 is placed on the second sliding rail 32.
  • the bottom of the buffer device 5 is provided with a matching mechanism matched with the sliding rail, so that the buffer device 5 and the second device
  • the slide rails 32 are slidably engaged.
  • the cushioning device 5 has a plurality of claw portions, and a hydraulic cylinder is provided at the bottom of each of the claw portions.
  • the hull 7 is symmetrically provided with two hoisting devices 4, each of which includes a wire rope, one end of which is fixed to the hoisting device 4, and the other end is fixed to the hoist of the fan 8 to be dragged.
  • the hoisting device 4 When the hoisting device 4 is rolled, the wire rope is tightened, so that the wind blower 8 is slid from the bow to the stern to realize the whole machine panning of the fan 8.
  • Two hoisting devices 4 can also be arranged symmetrically at the bow to achieve the translation of the fan 8 from the stern to the bow when loading.
  • the structure and working principle of the bow hoisting device 4 are the same as those of the bow hoisting device 4, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the two hoisting devices 4 of the bow can also be replaced by two fixed pulleys, that is, two fixed pulleys are symmetrically arranged on the bow, and the wire rope of the stern hoisting device 4 is fixed on the fixed pulley of the bow and fixed to the fan. 8 on the lifting beam 2.
  • the hoisting device 4 of the stern is rolled, and the wire rope is dragged by the bow of the ship and then the fan 8 is translated from the stern to the bow.
  • the same hoisting device can be used to wind up the moving fan in both directions.
  • a "U” shaped opening for the fan 8 is provided at the stern, and a rotary crane 6 is provided at the top of both sides of the "U” shaped opening.
  • the two rotary cranes 6 respectively hang the wings on both sides of the lifting beam 2, and the fan 8 is hoisted into the hull 7 from the "U" shaped opening, and placed on the sliding rail. .
  • the fan 8 is lifted by the rotary crane 6 and then the fan 8 is removed from the hull 7.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the translation of the fan loading and the fan of the present invention
  • Figs. 3a and 3b are schematic views showing the operation of the fan hoisting according to the present invention.
  • the transportation and hoisting method of the offshore wind turbine of the present invention is implemented by using the above-mentioned transport hoisting ship, and the specific implementation method is as follows:
  • the fan 8 unit is assembled at the dock 10 and tested for grid connection, and then the fan 8 is removed one by one from the fan foundation 9 on the code head 10, and the whole is loaded.
  • the lifting beam 2 of the fan 8 is lifted by the two rotary cranes 6 on the transporting ship of the present invention, and the fan 8 is lifted up to the stern plate in the hull, so that the first sliding rail 31 and the lifting beam 2 slide. Fit, and a sliding fit of the cushioning device 5 and the second rail 32.
  • the wire rope of the stern hoisting device 4 is wound around a fixed pulley provided on the bow and then fixed to the hoisting beam 2 of the fan 8.
  • the wire rope is tightened by the stern hoisting device 4, and after the fixed pulley is turned, the fan 8 is moved from the stern to the designated position of the bow. After all the fans 8 are loaded and fixed, the loading of the fan 8 is completed. After the wind turbine 8 is loaded, the maritime transport of the hoisting vessel reaches the designated wind farm position.
  • the hoisting ship accurately positions the rear ballast and prepares the whole machine for lifting.
  • the wire rope of the hoisting device 4 When lifting, the wire rope of the hoisting device 4 is fixed on the lifting beam 2 of the fan 8, and the fan 8 is translated by the winding of the hoisting device 4 into the working radius of the rotary crane 6, and then the wire rope is removed, and the rotary crane 6 is removed. After lifting the lifting beam 2 of the fan 8, the fan 8 is hoisted above the fan foundation 9, and buffered by the buffer device 5, so that the smooth connection between the fan 8 and the fan foundation 9 is achieved. The hoisting vessel then moves to the next position for hoisting of the next fan 8.
  • the utility model has the beneficial technical effects achieved by the above technical solution: the overall transportation and lifting of the wind turbine can be realized, and the sufficiency of the debugging work of the pre-installed fan equipment can be ensured, and the utility model can be cost-effectively
  • the transportation and hoisting of offshore wind turbines not only greatly shortens the cycle of wind farm construction, but also reduces the commissioning work after the hoisting of wind turbines, and realizes the rapid grid connection of offshore wind turbines.
  • the construction of the site can also carry out the construction of deep-sea wind farms; it is safe, efficient and economical, which greatly shortens the delivery period of wind power equipment and enhances the competitiveness of equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Description

海上风力发电机组运输吊装船以及运输吊装方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种吊装船及其运输吊装方法， 特别是一种海上风电机组整体运 输和吊装的吊装船以及采用该吊装船完成的运输吊装方法。 背景技术
近年来， 随着风电技术的发展和机组性能逐步改进和提高， 风电机组越来越 经济和高效， 单机容量也不断增大， 在相同的装机容量下逐步减少了机组数量和 占地面积， 大大节省了基础设施的投资。 然而随着风电产业的进一步发展， 陆地 风场的开发已日趋饱和。 而且随着风电机组单机容量逐渐增大， 机组各部件的长 度和重量也不断增大， 这大大增加了机组运输和安装难度和成本。 相比而言， 海 上风场 （离岸型风场） 具有风速高、 湍流度低、 风切变小等优点， 同等额定功率 下离岸型风机的叶轮直径更大、 额定风速低、 轮毂高度低 （塔筒高度低） 和叶尖 速比高的特点， 这能大大提高机组发电量并延长机组的使用寿命。 目前世界各国 海上风电正在蓬勃发展， 我国也已规划了千万千瓦级海上风场。
然而海上 （离岸型）风电机组安装难度极大， 其施工过程受到风浪的严重影 响。
目前国外海上风场安装方案包括： 1、分部件组装： 与陆地风机安装方案类似， 在风场依次安装塔筒、 机舱和叶轮。 吊装船只将其整体顶升至水面以上以避免风 浪引起船只升沉和摇晃， 实现风机的安全、 准确安装。 2、 整体吊装： 在码头完成 风机的组装后， 整体吊至安装船上并运输至风场， 完成整体吊装。 由于目前这种 整体吊装均为浮吊， 因此风机与基础的对接须采用措施进行緩冲以保护基础和风 机。
国内尚无成熟的海上风电机组专用安装设备。 因此对于我国海上风电而言， 吊装设备必将成为其发展的瓶颈。 发明内容
为克服海上风场现有的分部件吊装和整体吊装方案的局限性， 提高风场建设 的经济性和安全性， 缩短海上风场的建设周期和设备调试周期。 本发明提供了一 种海上风电机组整体运输吊装船以及运输吊装方法。 可实现风电机组的整体运输 和吊装， 既能保证 装前风机设备的调试工作的充分性， 又能经济高效的进行海 上风电机組的运输和吊装， 不但大大缩短了风场建设的周期， 而且减少了:风电机 组吊装后的调试工作， 实现了海上风电机组的快速并网。
一种海上风力发电机组运输吊装船， 包括船体， 所述船体的尾部开设有供风 机通过的 "U" 字形开口； 多个固定支架， 所述固定支架平行排列为两排， 所述固 定支架的底端固定于船体内的甲板上； 第一滑轨， 装设于每排所述固定支架的顶 端； 第二滑轨， 装设于所述船体的甲板上两排固定支架的内側， 所述第二滑轨与 第一滑轨相平行； 所述风机， 机身上设有与第一滑轨滑动配合的吊梁； 緩冲装置， 固定于所述风机的底部， 与第二滑轨滑动配合； 回转吊车， 设于所述 "U" 字形开 口两侧的顶端； 卷扬装置， 设于所述船体的尾部。
其中， 所述緩冲装置具有多个爪部， 每一爪部的底部设有一个液压缸。
其中， 所述吊梁两侧有对称的翼部， 所述翼部放置于所述第一滑轨上。
其中， 所述卷扬装置具有钢丝绳， 所述钢丝绳的一端固定在该卷扬装置上， 另一端固定所述风机的吊梁上。
其中， 所述船体的头部也设有卷扬装置。
其中， 所述船体的头部设有供所述钢丝绳绕设的定滑轮。
一种采用海上风力发电机组运输吊装船的海上风力发电机組运输^装方法， 包括如下步骤： （ 1 ) 将风机完成组装并进行并网试验； （2 )将风机逐个整体装 船； （ 3 ) 吊装船经海上运输到达指定风场机位； （ 4 )将风机吊至风机基础上方， 经过緩冲装置的緩冲， 将风机与风机基础平稳对接。
其中， 步骤 （2 )还包括： 回转吊车抬吊风机的吊梁后回转， 将风机抬起至船 体内的甲板上， 使第一滑轨和吊梁滑动配合、 以及緩冲装置和第二滑轨滑动配合； 将船头的卷扬装置的钢丝绳固定在风机的吊梁上， 船头卷扬装置收紧钢丝绳使风 机整机在船上的平移， 从而将风机移动到达指定位置。
其中， 步骤（2 )还包括： 回转吊车抬吊风机的吊梁后回转， 将风机抬起至船 体内的甲板上， 使第一滑轨和吊梁滑动配合、 以及緩沖装置和第二滑轨滑动配合； 将船尾卷扬装置的钢丝绳绕设在船头定滑轮上， 然后将所述钢丝绳的末端固定在 风机的吊梁上， 船尾卷扬装置收紧钢丝绳使风机整机在船上的平移， 从而将风机 移动到达指定位置。
其中， 步骤（4 )还包括： 将船尾卷扬装置的钢丝绳固定在风机的吊梁上， 通 过船尾卷扬装置的卷收将风机平移至回转吊车工作半径范围内， 然后取下钢丝绳， 由回转吊车抬起风机的吊梁后回转， 将风机吊至风机基础上方。
本发明的有益技术效果在于： 实现一船多套风电风机运输和吊装， 提供了一 种新的海上风电施工方案； 实现机组出厂前充分的风机调试、 大大缩短现场调试 时间； 降低了风电安装船只对于海床、 水深等外部条件的限制， 既可进行近海风 场的施工， 又能进行深海风电场建设； 安全、 高效、 经济， 大大缩短风电设备交 货周期， 增强设备竟争力。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的运输吊装船的整体示意图；
图 2为本发明风机装船和风机平移的俯视图；
图 3a和 3b为本发明风机吊装的动作示意图。
附图标记说明：
固定支架- 1 ; 吊梁 -2 ; 第一滑轨 -31 ; 第二滑轨 -32 ; 卷扬装置 -4 ; 緩沖装置 -5 ; 回转吊车 -6 ; 船体 -7 ; 风机 -8 ; 风机基础- 9 ; 码头 -1 0。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明的形状、 构造以及特点能够更好地被理解， 以下将列举较佳实 施例并结合附图进行详细说明。
图 1 为本发明的运输吊装船的整体示意图， 如图 1所示， 本发明的海上风力 发电机组运输吊装船包括船体 7 , 船体 7内设有一组吊装设备， 该 装设备包括一 组固定支架 1 , 该一组固定支架 1为平行排列成两排的多个固定支架 1。 固定支架 1的底端固定于船体 7内的甲板上， 固定支架 1的顶端固定有钢结构， 两排钢结构 上分别装设一个第一滑轨 31。 船体 7的曱板上于两排固定支架 1 内側设有与第一 滑轨 31相平行的两个第二滑轨 32。
风机 8为组装完成的风机整机， 包括机身和叶片等部件， 风机 8的结构并非 本发明的发明点所在， 故在此不再赘述。 风机 8的机身上与第一滑轨 31相配合的 位置装有吊梁 2 , 吊梁 2两侧有对称的翼部， 可以放置于第一滑轨 31上， 而在第 一滑轨 31上滑动。
风机 8的底部由螺栓固定有緩冲装置 5 , 緩沖装置 5置于第二滑轨 32上， 緩 冲装置 5的底部设有与滑轨相配合的配合机构， 使緩冲装置 5与第二滑轨 32滑动 配合。 通过吊梁 2和第一滑轨 31的配合， 以及緩冲装置 5与第二滑轨 32的配合， 使得风机 8能够较为方便的在船体 7内移动。
緩冲装置 5具有多个爪部， 每一爪部的底部设有一个液压缸。 当将风机 8放 置到需要安装风机的风机基础 9上时， 风机 8与风机基础 9之间的沖击力通过液 压缸緩冲， 进而保护风机 8。
船体 7的尾部对称设有两个卷扬装置 4， 每一卷扬装置 4包括一根钢丝绳， 钢 丝绳的一端固定在该卷扬装置 4上， 另一端固定在想要拖动的风机 8的吊梁 2上。 当卷扬装置 4卷动时， 钢丝绳被收紧， 从而拖动风机 8从船头滑动到船尾， 实现 风机 8的整机平移。
船头处也可对称设置两个卷扬装置 4 ,以实现装船时风机 8从船尾整机平移至 船头。 船头卷扬装置 4的结构和工作原理与船头卷扬装置 4相同， 故不再赘述。
该船头的两个卷扬装置 4 也可以采用两个定滑轮替代， 即在船头对称设置两 个定滑轮， 船尾卷扬装置 4 的钢丝绳绕设在船头的定滑轮上之后固定在风机 8 的 吊梁 2上。 风机 8装船时， 船尾的卷扬装置 4卷动， 钢丝绳经船头定滑轮后拖动 风机 8 从船尾向船头整机平移。 由此可以利用同一卷扬装置两个方向卷扬移动风 机。
船尾开设有供风机 8通过的 "U" 字形开口， 回转吊车 6设于 "U" 字形开口 两侧的顶端。 组装好的风机 8整机装船时， 由两个回转吊车 6分别吊住吊梁 2 两 側的翼部， 从 "U" 字形开口处将风机 8吊装到船体 7 内， 置于滑轨上。 当需要卸 下风机 8时， 同理通过回转吊车 6抬起风机 8后回转， 将风机 8从船体 7内卸下。
图 1为本发明风机装船和风机平移的俯视图， 图 3a和 3b为本发明风机吊装 的动作示意图。 如图所示， 本发明的海上风力发电机组的运输吊装方法采用上述 运输吊装船来实现， 具体实施方法为：
首先风机 8机组在码头 10完成组装并进行并网试验， 然后将风机 8逐个从码 头 1 0上的风机基础 9上卸下， 整体装船。 具体为由本发明的运输 装船上的两台 回转吊车 6抬吊风机 8的吊梁 2后回转， 将风机 8抬起至船体 Ί 内的曱板上， 使 第一滑轨 31和吊梁 2滑动配合、 以及緩冲装置 5和第二滑轨 32的滑动配合。
将船头卷扬装置 4 的钢丝绳固定在风机 8 的吊梁 2上， 通过船头卷扬装置 4 收紧钢丝绳使风机 8整机在船上的平移， 从而将风机 8从船尾向船头方向移动到 达指定位置。 或者将船尾卷扬装置 4 的钢丝绳绕设在船头设置的定滑轮上， 然后 再固定在风机 8的吊梁 2上。 通过船尾卷扬装置 4收紧钢丝绳， 经定滑轮转向后 将风机 8从船尾移动到船头的指定位置。 将所有风机 8都装船固定后， 即完成风机 8的装船工作。 风机 8装船完毕， 经吊装船的海上运输到达指定风场机位。 吊装船准确定位后压舱， 准备整机吊装。
吊装时， 将卷扬装置 4 的钢丝绳固定在风机 8的吊梁 2上， 通过卷扬装置 4 的卷收将风机 8平移至回转吊车 6工作半径范围内， 然后取下钢丝绳， 由回转吊 车 6抬起风机 8的吊梁 2后回转， 将风机 8吊至风机基础 9上方， 经过緩冲装置 5 的緩冲， 实现风机 8 与风机基础 9 的平稳对接。 然后吊装船移动到下一个位置， 进行下一个风机 8的吊装。
本发明的海上风力发电机组运输吊装船， 通过上述技术方案达到的有益技术 效果在于： 可实现风电机组的整体运输和吊装， 既能保证 装前风机设备的调试 工作的充分性， 又能经济高效的进行海上风电机组的运输和吊装， 不但大大缩短 了风场建设的周期， 而且减少了风电机组吊装后的调试工作， 实现了海上风电机 组的快速并网； 实现一船多套风电整机运输和 装， 提供了一种新的海上风电施 工方案； 实现机组出厂前充分的整机调试、 大大缩短现场调试时间； 降低了风电 安装船只对于海床、 水深等外部条件的限制， 既可进行近海风场的施工， 又能进 行深海风电场建设； 安全、 高效、 经济， 大大缩短风电设备交货周期， 增强设备 竟争力。
以上对本发明的描述是说明性的， 而非限制性的， 本专业技术人员理解， 在 权利要求限定的精神与范围之内可对其进行许多修改、 变化或等效， 但是它们都 将落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种海上风力发电机组运输吊装船， 其特征在于， 包括
船体， 所述船体的尾部开设有供风机通过的 "U" 字形开口；
多个固定支架， 所述固定支架平行排列为两排， 所述固定支架的底端固定于 船体内的曱板上；
第一滑轨， 装设于每排所述固定支架的顶端；
第二滑轨， 装设于所述船体的曱板上两排固定支架的内侧， 所述第二滑轨与 第一滑轨相平行；
所述风机， 机身上设有与第一滑轨滑动配合的吊梁；
緩冲装置， 固定于所述风机的底部， 与第二滑轨滑动配合；
回转吊车， 设于所述 "U" 字形开口两侧的顶端；
卷扬装置， 设于所述船体的尾部。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的海上风力发电机组运输 装船， 其特征在于， 所述緩 冲装置具有多个爪部， 每一爪部的底部设有一个液压缸。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的海上风力发电机组运输吊装船， 其特征在于， 所述吊 梁两侧有对称的翼部， 所述翼部放置于所迷第一滑轨上。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的海上风力发电机组运输吊装船， 其特征在于， 所述卷 扬装置具有钢丝绳， 所述钢丝绳的一端固定在该卷扬装置上， 另一端固定所述风 机的吊梁上。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的海上风力发电机组运输吊装船， 其特征在于， 所述船 体的头部也设有卷扬装置。
6、 如权利要求 4所述的海上风力发电机组运输吊装船， 其特征在于， 所述船 体的头部设有供所述钢丝绳绕设的定滑轮。
7、 一种采用海上风力发电机组运输吊装船的海上风力发电机组运输吊装方 法， 其特征在于， 包括如下步骤：
( 1 )将风机完成组装并进行并网试验；
( 2 )将风机逐个整体装船；
( 3 ) 吊装船经海上运输到达指定风场机位；
( 4 )将风机吊至风机基础上方， 经过緩冲装置的緩冲， 将风机与风机基础平 稳对接。
8、 如权利要求 5所述的海上风力发电机組运输吊装方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 ( 2 )还包括： 回转吊车抬吊风机的吊梁后回转， 将风机抬起至船体内的甲板上, : 使第一滑轨和吊梁滑动配合、 以及緩冲装置和第二滑轨滑动配会； .将船头的卷扬 装置的钢丝绳固定在风机的吊梁上， 船头卷扬装置收紧钢丝绳使风机整机在船上 的平移， 从而将风机移动到达指定位置。
9、 如权利要求 5所述的海上风力发电机组运输吊装方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 ( 2 )还包括： 回转吊车抬吊风机的吊梁后回转， 将风机抬起至船体内的甲板上， 使第一滑轨和吊梁滑动配合、 以及緩冲装置和第二滑轨滑动配合； 将船尾卷扬装 置的钢丝绳绕设在船头定滑轮上， 然后将所述钢丝绳的末端固定在风机的吊梁上， 船尾卷扬装置收紧钢丝绳使风机整机在船上的平移， 从而将风机移动到达指定位 置。
10、 如权利要求 8或 9所述的海上风力发电机组运输吊装方法， 其特征在于， 步骤（4 )还包括： 将船尾卷扬装置的钢丝绳固定在风机的吊梁上， 通过船尾卷扬 装置的卷收将风机平移至回转吊车工作半径范围内， 然后取下钢丝绳， 由回转吊 车抬起风机的吊梁后回转， 将风机吊至风机基础上方。
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AU2010324438A1 (en) 2012-05-03
BR112012009550A2 (pt) 2016-05-17
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