WO2011048821A1 - 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 - Google Patents
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011048821A1 WO2011048821A1 PCT/JP2010/006284 JP2010006284W WO2011048821A1 WO 2011048821 A1 WO2011048821 A1 WO 2011048821A1 JP 2010006284 W JP2010006284 W JP 2010006284W WO 2011048821 A1 WO2011048821 A1 WO 2011048821A1
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 aromatic amine compound Chemical class 0.000 description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001296 phosphorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[1-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]cyclohexyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C1(CCCCC1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCCNBKFJYUWLEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-1-(2-propoxyethyl)-3-(pyrazin-2-ylmethylamino)pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1N(CCOCCC)C2=CC(C=3C=NC(OC)=CC=3)=NC=C2N=C1NCC1=CN=CC=N1 HCCNBKFJYUWLEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940126545 compound 53 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- VCDOOGZTWDOHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-9h-carbazole Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(Br)=CC=C2 VCDOOGZTWDOHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QBWKPGNFQQJGFY-QLFBSQMISA-N 3-[(1r)-1-[(2r,6s)-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl]ethyl]-n-[6-methyl-3-(1h-pyrazol-4-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-yl]-1,2-thiazol-5-amine Chemical compound N1([C@H](C)C2=NSC(NC=3C4=NC=C(N4C=C(C)N=3)C3=CNN=C3)=C2)C[C@H](C)O[C@H](C)C1 QBWKPGNFQQJGFY-QLFBSQMISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 3
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 229940125846 compound 25 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004322 quinolinols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 0 *[n]1c(cccc2)c2c2c1cccc2 Chemical compound *[n]1c(cccc2)c2c2c1cccc2 0.000 description 2
- IEMXKVCEQAQLOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromo-9h-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C(Br)C(Br)=C3NC2=C1 IEMXKVCEQAQLOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SEKVGCNWFMBDAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(9-phenylcarbazol-3-yl)-9-[4-(9-phenylcarbazol-3-yl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=C(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N3C4=CC=C(C=C4C4=CC=CC=C43)C=3C=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N(C=5C=CC=CC=5)C4=CC=3)C=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 SEKVGCNWFMBDAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QHKKMCDDCOJTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[9-(4-bromophenyl)carbazol-3-yl]-9-phenylcarbazole Chemical group C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1N1C2=CC=C(C=3C=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N(C=5C=CC=CC=5)C4=CC=3)C=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 QHKKMCDDCOJTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-bis(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UBASCOPZFCGGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-phenyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)carbazole Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=2)C3=C1 UBASCOPZFCGGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000837344 Homo sapiens T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102100028692 T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000004623 carbolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
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- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DETFWTCLAIIJRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl-(4-triphenylsilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DETFWTCLAIIJRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ASGMFNBUXDJWJJ-JLCFBVMHSA-N (1R,3R)-3-[[3-bromo-1-[4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)phenyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]amino]-N,1-dimethylcyclopentane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound BrC1=NN(C2=NC(=NC=C21)N[C@H]1C[C@@](CC1)(C(=O)NC)C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=1SC(=NN=1)C ASGMFNBUXDJWJJ-JLCFBVMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,15S,18S,21R)-10,11,21-trihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-14-methylidene-4-(prop-2-enylamino)-20-oxa-5-thia-3-azahexacyclo[9.7.2.112,15.01,9.02,6.012,18]henicosa-2(6),3-dien-13-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@]23C(C1=C)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]12C(N=C(NCC=C)S4)=C4CC(C)(C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@]3(O)OC2 UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N (1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12R,13S,19S)-6-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-12,19-difluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9,13-dimethyl-6-azapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4[C@@H](F)C3)C)(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]2([C@@]1(C1)C(=O)CO)C)N1CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IUSARDYWEPUTPN-OZBXUNDUSA-N (2r)-n-[(2s,3r)-4-[[(4s)-6-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)spiro[3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]pyridine-2,1'-cyclobutane]-4-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-[3-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)phenyl]butan-2-yl]-2-methoxypropanamide Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](C)OC)[C@H](O)CN[C@@H]1C2=CC(CC(C)(C)C)=CN=C2OC2(CCC2)C1)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1C1=NC=CS1 IUSARDYWEPUTPN-OZBXUNDUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/20—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the material in which the electroluminescent material is embedded
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence element (hereinafter abbreviated as an organic EL element) which is a self-luminous element suitable for various display devices, and more specifically, an organic EL element using a compound having a carbazole ring structure. It is about.
- organic EL elements are self-luminous elements, they have been actively researched because they are brighter and more visible than liquid crystal elements and are capable of clear display.
- Non-Patent Document 1 To date, many improvements have been made for practical application of organic EL devices, and various roles have been further subdivided, and sequentially on the substrate, anode, hole injection layer, hole transport layer, light emitting layer, electron transport High efficiency and durability are achieved by an electroluminescent element provided with a layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 2 the use of triplet excitons has been attempted for the purpose of further improving the luminous efficiency, and the use of phosphorescent emitters has been studied (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2).
- the light emitting layer can also be prepared by doping a charge transporting compound generally called a host material with a phosphor or a phosphorescent light emitter.
- a charge transporting compound generally called a host material with a phosphor or a phosphorescent light emitter.
- the light injected from both electrodes is recombined in the light emitting layer to obtain light emission, but by increasing the hole injection property and increasing the electron blocking property to block the electrons injected from the cathode.
- High emission efficiency can be obtained by improving the probability of recombination of holes and electrons and confining excitons generated in the light emitting layer. Therefore, the role of the hole transport material is important, and there is a demand for a hole transport material that has high hole injectability, high hole mobility, high electron blocking properties, and high durability against electrons. ing.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 As hole transport materials that have been used for organic EL devices so far, aromatic amine derivatives shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have been known. Among these compounds, compounds having excellent mobility of hole mobility of 10 ⁇ 3 cm 2 / Vs or more are known. However, since the electron blocking property is insufficient, The portion passes through the light emitting layer, and the improvement of the light emission efficiency cannot be expected.
- T 1 a material having a high excited triplet energy level
- Ir (ppy) 3 the green phosphorescent phosphor tris (phenylpyridyl) iridium represented by the following formula
- T 1 of the is 2.42EV, N, N'- diphenyl -N, since N'- di (alpha-naphthyl) benzidine (hereinafter referred to as alpha-NPD) T 1 of the is 2.29eV
- alpha-NPD N'- di (alpha-naphthyl) benzidine
- T 1 of the is 2.29eV
- TAPC 1,1-bis [4- (di-4-tolylamino) phenyl] cyclohexane
- Non-Patent Document 4 Higher luminous efficiency is obtained by using (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 4).
- the hole mobility of TAPC is small, and in addition, the ionization potential (work function) is 5.8 eV, which is not an appropriate value as a hole transport material.
- the ionization potential (work function) of the compound A is 5.5 eV, which is close to an appropriate value than the TAPC, and T 1 is also high at 2.9 eV, so that sufficient confinement of triplet excitons can be expected.
- the compound also has a low hole mobility, the driving voltage of the manufactured element is high and the light emission efficiency is not sufficient (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 5). Therefore, in order to obtain a phosphorescent light emitting device having higher luminous efficiency, T 1 is high, hole mobility is large, and not only used for a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer, but also suitable as an electron blocking layer. There is a need for materials to be used.
- JP-A-8-048656 Japanese Patent No. 3194657 JP-A-8-003547 JP 2006-151979 A WO2008 / 62636 JP 2007-022986 A
- the object of the present invention is excellent in hole injection / transport performance, high ability to confine triplet excitons, electron blocking ability, high stability in a thin film state, and high luminous efficiency.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient and highly durable organic EL element, particularly a phosphorescent organic EL element, using an organic compound having characteristics.
- the physical characteristics to be possessed by the organic compound used in the organic EL device of the present invention are (1) good hole injection characteristics, (2) high hole mobility, (3) It can be mentioned that it has a high T 1 , (4) an excellent electron blocking ability, (5) a stable thin film state, and (6) an excellent heat resistance. Further, the physical characteristics to be provided by the organic EL element to be provided by the present invention are (1) high luminous efficiency and power efficiency, (2) low emission start voltage, and (3) practical driving. It can be mentioned that the voltage is low.
- the present inventors have a high T 1 carbazole ring structure, excellent electron blocking properties, excellent hole transport performance, and heat resistance. Designing and selecting compounds with linked carbazole ring structures, chemically synthesizing these compounds, making prototypes of various organic EL devices, and intensively evaluating device characteristics As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- the following organic EL elements are provided.
- an organic EL device having a plurality of organic layers including a light emitting layer and an electron blocking layer sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, a compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the following general formula (1):
- An organic EL device which is used as a constituent material of the electron blocking layer.
- R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6 may be the same or different from each other, and are fluorine atom, chlorine atom, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, straight chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Ar2 is a monovalent group represented by the following general formula (2) or (3). More preferably, it is characterized.
- R7 and R8 may be the same as or different from each other, and may be a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a nitro group, a linear or branched alkyloxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- Group cycloalkyloxy group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic aromatic group, substituted or Represents an unsubstituted aryloxy group
- r7 represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 4
- r8 represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 3
- B represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon divalent group, substituted Or an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic divalent group or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic aromatic divalent group
- Ar4
- R9 and R10 may be the same or different from each other, and are a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a nitro group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, linear or branched alkyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyloxy group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbonization Represents a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, and r9 and r10 represent 0 or an integer of 1 to 3.
- C represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon divalent group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic divalent group or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic aromatic divalent group
- Ar5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic aromatic group
- W, X, Y, and Z are carbon atoms or nitrogen. (W, X, Y, Z are only one of nitrogen atoms, and the nitrogen atom in this case does not have the substituent of R9.)
- An organic EL element having a plurality of organic layers including a light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent light emitting material and an electron blocking layer sandwiched between a pair of electrodes and represented by the general formula (1)
- An organic EL element wherein a compound having a carbazole ring structure is used as a constituent material of the light emitting layer.
- a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R1 to R10 in the general formulas (1) to (3), "a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms", Specifically, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group, Examples thereof include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a 1-adamantyl group, a 2-adamantyl group, and the like.
- a linear or branched alkyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R1 to R10 in the general formulas (1) to (3), “a cycloalkyloxy group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms” Specifically, methyloxy group, ethyloxy group, n-propyloxy group, isopropyloxy group, n-butyloxy group, tert-butyloxy group, n-pentyloxy group, n-hexyloxy group, cyclopentyloxy group Cyclohexyloxy group, cycloheptyloxy group, cyclooctyloxy group, 1-adamantyloxy group, 2-adamantyloxy group, and the like.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group “aromatic heterocyclic group” or “fused polycyclic aromatic group” in the “substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic aromatic group”
- phenyl group, biphenylyl group Terphenylyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, fluorenyl, indenyl, pyrenyl, acenaphthenyl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyranyl, thienyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl , Benzofuranyl group, benzothienyl group, indolyl group, carbazolyl
- Preferred examples include a phenyl group, a biphenylyl group, a terphenylyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a carbolinyl group.
- T 1 decreases, and therefore the number of carbons of the “condensed polycyclic aromatic” is preferably 20 or less.
- substituent specifically, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, carbon atom number
- Examples include cycloalkyloxy groups, phenyl groups, naphthyl groups, anthryl groups, styryl groups, phenoxy groups, tolyloxy groups, benzyloxy groups, and phenethyloxy groups.
- the “aryloxy group” in the “substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group” represented by R1 to R10 and Ar1 to Ar5 in the general formulas (1) to (3) is specifically a phenoxy group, biphenyl Examples include a ryloxy group, a terphenylyloxy group, a naphthyloxy group, an anthryloxy group, a phenanthryloxy group, a fluorenyloxy group, an indenyloxy group, and a pyrenyloxy group.
- substituted aryloxy group represented by R1 to R10 and Ar1 to Ar5 in the general formulas (1) to (3)
- substituents include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, Trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, linear or branched chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms Examples include alkyloxy groups, cycloalkyloxy groups having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl groups, naphthyl groups, anthryl groups, styryl groups, phenoxy groups, tolyloxy groups, benzyloxy groups, and phenethyloxy groups. These substituents may be further substituted.
- Specific examples of the “substituent” in the “divalent group” include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a nitro group, and a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R1, R2, R3, R4, R7 and R8 may be the same or different from each other, and are a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a nitro group, or a straight chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 may be the same or different from each other, and are a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a nitro group, or a straight chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) used in the organic EL device of the present invention has a high ability to confine triplet excitons, and has excellent electron blocking ability and heat resistance. In addition, the thin film state is stable.
- the compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) used in the organic EL device of the present invention is a hole injection layer and / or a hole transport layer of an organic EL device, particularly a phosphorescent organic EL device. It can also be used as a constituent material.
- the compound has high hole-injection property, high mobility, high T 1 , and high stability to electrons. Therefore, triplet excitons generated in a light-emitting layer containing a phosphorescent light-emitting material can be obtained. In addition to being able to confine, the probability of recombination of holes and electrons can be improved, high luminous efficiency can be obtained, the driving voltage is lowered, and the durability of the organic EL element is improved.
- the compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) used in the organic EL device of the present invention is also used as a constituent material of an electron blocking layer of an organic EL device, particularly a phosphorescent organic EL device.
- the driving voltage is lowered and current resistance is reduced while having high luminous efficiency. As a result, the maximum light emission luminance of the organic EL element is improved.
- the compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) used in the organic EL device of the present invention may be used as a constituent material of a light emitting layer of an organic EL device, particularly a phosphorescent organic EL device. it can. Since the compound has excellent hole transportability and a wide band gap, the compound is used as a host material of a light emitting layer, and a phosphorescent light emitter called a dopant is supported and used as a light emitting layer. The driving voltage is lowered, and an organic EL element with improved light emission efficiency can be realized.
- the organic EL device of the present invention uses a compound having a carbazole ring structure having a high hole mobility, an ability to confine excellent triplet excitons, and a stable thin film state. It became possible to achieve high durability.
- the compound having a carbazole ring structure used in the organic EL device of the present invention is useful as a constituent material for an electron blocking layer or a light emitting layer of an organic EL device, particularly a phosphorescent organic EL device, and has the ability to confine triplet excitons. Excellent in heat resistance.
- the organic EL device of the present invention has high luminous efficiency and high power efficiency, which can reduce the practical driving voltage of the device. Furthermore, the light emission starting voltage can be lowered and the durability can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a 1H-NMR chart of the compound of Example 1 of the present invention (Compound 4).
- FIG. 3 is a 1H-NMR chart of the compound of Example 2 of the present invention (Compound 25). It is the figure which showed the organic EL element structure of Example 6 and Example 7.
- FIG. It is the figure which showed the organic EL element structure of the comparative examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 is a 1H-NMR chart of the compound of Example 1 of the present invention (Compound 4).
- FIG. 3 is a 1H-NMR chart of the compound of Example 2 of the present invention (Compound 25). It is the figure which showed the organic EL element structure of Example 6 and Example 7.
- FIG. It is the figure which showed the organic EL element structure of the comparative examples 1 and 2.
- the compound having a carbazole ring structure used in the present invention can be synthesized by a known method (for example, see Patent Document 3). Moreover, it is compoundable also with the following method, for example.
- Patent Document 7 and dibromocarbazole or monobromocarbazole are subjected to a cross-coupling reaction such as Suzuki coupling (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 8), whereby bis (N-aryl-9′H-carbazole-3 '-Ill) -9-Ari Etc. can be a synthesized Le -9H- carbazole or (N- aryl -9'H- carbazol-3'-yl) -9H- carbazole. Further, (N-aryl-9′H-carbazol-3′-yl) -9H-carbazole and (N-aryl-9′H-carbazole) obtained by condensation reaction such as Ullmann reaction of various dihalogenoarylenes.
- a cross-coupling reaction such as Suzuki coupling
- 3′-yl) -9-halogenoaryl-carbazole and 3-boronic acid or boronic acid ester of 9-arylcarbazole are subjected to a cross-coupling reaction such as Suzuki coupling (for example, see Non-Patent Document 8).
- a compound having a carbazole ring structure can be synthesized.
- Tg glass transition point
- work function index of hole transportability
- the glass transition point (Tg) was determined with a high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Bruker AXS, DSC3100S) using powder.
- the work function was measured using an atmospheric photoelectron spectrometer AC-3 manufactured by Riken Keiki Co., Ltd. after a 100 nm thin film was prepared on the ITO substrate.
- T 1 of these compounds can be calculated from the measured phosphorescence spectrum.
- the phosphorescence spectrum can be measured using a commercially available spectrophotometer.
- a general method for measuring phosphorescence spectrum a method in which it is dissolved in a solvent and irradiated with excitation light at a low temperature (for example, refer to Non-Patent Document 9), or vapor deposited on a silicon substrate to form a thin film at a low temperature.
- There is a method of irradiating excitation light and measuring a phosphorescence spectrum see, for example, Patent Document 6).
- T 1 can be calculated by reading the wavelength of the first peak on the short wavelength side of the phosphorescence spectrum or the wavelength of the rising position on the short wavelength side and converting it to the light energy value according to the following equation.
- T 1 is an index of confinement of triplet excitons of the phosphorescent emitter.
- E is the value of light energy
- h Planck's constant (6.63 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 34 Js)
- c is the speed of light (3.00 ⁇ 10 8 m / s)
- ⁇ is the short wavelength of the phosphorescence spectrum. It represents the wavelength (nm) where the side rises.
- 1 eV becomes 1.60 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 19 J.
- an anode As the structure of the organic EL device of the present invention, on the substrate sequentially, an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode, Further, there may be mentioned those having an electron injection layer between the electron transport layer and the cathode. In these multilayer structures, several organic layers can be omitted.
- the light emitting layer, the hole transport layer, and the electron transport layer may each have a structure in which two or more layers are stacked.
- an electrode material having a large work function such as ITO or gold is used.
- a hole injection layer of the organic EL device of the present invention in addition to the compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention, a porphyrin compound typified by copper phthalocyanine, a starburst type triphenylamine Derivatives, materials such as various triphenylamine tetramers, acceptor heterocyclic compounds such as hexacyanoazatriphenylene, and coating-type polymer materials can be used. These materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an ink jet method in addition to a vapor deposition method.
- TPD As the hole transport layer of the organic EL device of the present invention, in addition to the compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention, TPD, ⁇ -NPD, N, N, N ′, N′— Benzidine derivatives such as tetrabiphenylylbenzidine, TAPC, various triphenylamine trimers and tetramers can be used. These may be formed alone, but may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, layers formed alone, mixed layers formed, or A stacked structure of layers formed by mixing with a layer formed alone may be used.
- a coating type such as poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (hereinafter abbreviated as PEDOT) / poly (styrene sulfonate) (hereinafter abbreviated as PSS) is used.
- PEDOT poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
- PSS poly (styrene sulfonate)
- These polymer materials can be used. These materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an ink jet method in addition to a vapor deposition method.
- a material that is usually used for the layer is further P-doped with trisbromophenylamine hexachloroantimony or the like, or a TPD structure having a partial structure. Molecular compounds and the like can be used.
- TCTA N-carbazolyl triphenyl Amine
- mCP 1,3-bis (carbazol-9-yl) benzene
- Ad-Cz Carbazole derivatives such as 2,2-bis (4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl) adamantane
- Ad-Cz 9- [4- (carbazol-9-yl) phenyl] -9-
- Compounds having an electron blocking action such as compounds having a triphenylsilyl group and a triarylamine structure typified by 4- (triphenylsilyl) phenyl]
- These may be formed alone, but may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, layers formed alone, mixed layers formed, or A stacked structure of layers formed by mixing with a layer formed alone may be used.
- These materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an ink jet method in addition to a vapor deposition method.
- the light emitting layer of the organic EL device of the present invention various metal complexes, anthracene derivatives, bisstyrylbenzene derivatives, pyrene derivatives, oxazole derivatives, polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives, etc., in addition to metal complexes of quinolinol derivatives including Alq 3 Can be used.
- the light-emitting layer may be composed of a host material and a dopant material.
- thiazole Derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, polydialkylfluorene derivatives and the like can be used.
- quinacridone coumarin, rubrene, perylene, and derivatives thereof
- benzopyran derivatives rhodamine derivatives, aminostyryl derivatives, and the like
- These may be formed alone, but may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, layers formed alone, mixed layers formed, or A stacked structure of layers formed by mixing with a layer formed alone may be used.
- a phosphorescent light emitting material can be used as the light emitting material.
- a phosphorescent emitter of a metal complex such as iridium or platinum can be used.
- Green phosphorescent emitters such as Ir (ppy) 3
- blue phosphorescent emitters such as FIrpic and FIr6, red phosphorescent emitters such as Btp 2 Ir (acac), and the like are used as host materials.
- carbazole derivatives such as 4,4′-di (N-carbazolyl) biphenyl (hereinafter abbreviated as CBP), TCTA, mCP, etc.
- the general formula (1) of the present invention The compound which has the carbazole ring structure represented by these can be used.
- an electron transporting host material p-bis (triphenylsilyl) benzene (hereinafter abbreviated as UGH2) or 2,2 ′, 2 ′′-(1,3,5-phenylene) represented by the following formula -Tris (1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) (hereinafter abbreviated as TPBI) and the like can be used.
- the phosphorescent light-emitting material into the host material by co-evaporation in the range of 1 to 30 weight percent with respect to the entire light-emitting layer.
- a light-emitting layer produced using a compound having a different work function as a host material in a light-emitting layer produced using a compound having a carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) used in the organic EL device of the present invention can be manufactured (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 10 and Non-Patent Document 11).
- These materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an ink jet method in addition to a vapor deposition method.
- a phenanthroline derivative such as bathocuproine (hereinafter abbreviated as BCP), aluminum (III) bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinato) -4-phenylphenolate (hereinafter referred to as “BCP”).
- BCP bathocuproine
- BCP aluminum (III) bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinato) -4-phenylphenolate
- BCP aluminum (III) bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinato) -4-phenylphenolate
- various rare earth complexes, oxazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, and triazine derivatives are used. These materials may also serve as the material for the electron transport layer.
- These may be formed alone, but may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, layers formed alone, mixed layers formed, or A stacked structure of layers formed by mixing with a layer formed alone may be used.
- These materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an ink jet method in addition to a vapor deposition method.
- various metal complexes triazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, carbodiimide derivatives, quinoxaline, in addition to metal complexes of quinolinol derivatives including Alq 3 and BAlq.
- Derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, silole derivatives and the like can be used. These may be formed alone, but may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, layers formed alone, mixed layers formed, or A stacked structure of layers formed by mixing with a layer formed alone may be used. These materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an ink jet method in addition to a vapor deposition method.
- an alkali metal salt such as lithium fluoride and cesium fluoride
- an alkaline earth metal salt such as magnesium fluoride
- a metal oxide such as aluminum oxide
- a material usually used for the layer and further doped with a metal such as cesium can be used.
- an electrode material having a low work function such as aluminum or an alloy having a lower work function such as a magnesium silver alloy, a magnesium indium alloy, or an aluminum magnesium alloy is used as the electrode material.
- each layer of the organic EL element of the present invention is not particularly limited, but generally, when the film thickness is thin, there is a high possibility that defects such as pinholes occur, and when the film thickness is large, the applied voltage tends to increase. Therefore, it is usually in the range of 0.1 nm to 1 ⁇ m, and preferably in the range of 0.3 nm to 500 nm.
- Tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0.23 g) was added and heated, followed by stirring at 74 ° C. for 4 hours. After adding 80 ml of toluene and heating, the mixture was further stirred at 70 ° C. for 1 hour, cooled to 40 ° C., insoluble matters were removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a black crude product. The crude product was dissolved by adding 100 ml of toluene, subjected to adsorption purification using 28.9 g of silica gel, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a yellowish white powder.
- Tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (1.74 g) was added and heated, followed by stirring at 72 ° C. for 12.5 hours. After allowing to cool to room temperature, extraction was performed by adding 100 ml of toluene and 150 ml of water, and the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a black crude product.
- the crude product was purified by column chromatography (carrier: silica gel, eluent: hexane / toluene) and 9′-phenyl-9- [4- (9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl) -phenyl] -9H , 9′H- [3,3 ′] bicarbazolyl 10.44 g (48% yield) was obtained.
- the glass transition point was calculated
- the compound used in the present invention has a glass transition point of 100 ° C. or higher, and indicates that the thin film state is stable in the compound used in the present invention.
- the compound used in the present invention shows a favorable energy level as compared with the work function 5.4 eV of general hole transport materials such as ⁇ -NPD and TPD, and has good hole It can be seen that it has transportation capability.
- a 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 mol / L 2-methyltetrahydrofuran solution was prepared.
- the prepared solution was put into a dedicated quartz tube, pure oxygen was passed through to remove oxygen, and a septum rubber stopper was used to prevent further oxygen contamination.
- a phosphorescence spectrum was measured by irradiating excitation light using a fluorescent phosphorescence spectrophotometer (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., FluoroMax-4 type). Reading the wavelength of the first peak on the shorter wavelength side of the phosphorescence spectrum was calculated T 1 by converting the wavelength value to the energy of light.
- Inventive Example 2 compound 2.71 eV FIrpic 2.62eV Ir (ppy) 3 2.42 eV CBP 2.56eV ⁇ -NPD 2.29 eV
- the compound used in the present invention is FIrpic which is a commonly used blue phosphorescent material, Ir (ppy) 3 which is a green phosphorescent material, CBP which is a commonly used host material, and generally used. It has a value larger than T 1 of ⁇ -NPD which is a hole transport material to be obtained, and has the ability to sufficiently confine triplet excitons excited in the light emitting layer.
- the organic EL element has a hole transport layer 3, an electron blocking layer 4, a light emitting layer 5, and a hole blocking layer on a glass substrate 1 on which an ITO electrode is previously formed as a transparent anode 2 as shown in FIG. 6, an electron transport layer 7, an electron injection layer 8, and a cathode (aluminum electrode) 9 were deposited in this order.
- the glass substrate 1 on which ITO having a thickness of 150 nm was formed was washed with an organic solvent, and then the surface was washed by oxygen plasma treatment. Then, this glass substrate with an ITO electrode was mounted in a vacuum vapor deposition machine and the pressure was reduced to 0.001 Pa or less. Subsequently, ⁇ -NPD having a thickness of 40 nm was formed as the hole transport layer 3 so as to cover the transparent anode 2. On this hole transport layer 3, the compound (compound 4) of Example 1 of the present invention was formed as an electron blocking layer 4 so as to have a film thickness of 10 nm.
- BCP was formed as a hole blocking layer 6 so as to have a film thickness of 10 nm.
- Alq 3 was formed as an electron transport layer 7 so as to have a film thickness of 30 nm.
- lithium fluoride was formed as the electron injection layer 8 so as to have a film thickness of 0.5 nm.
- aluminum was deposited to a thickness of 150 nm to form the cathode 9.
- the characteristic measurement was performed at normal temperature in air
- Example An organic EL device was produced under the same conditions as in Example 6 by replacing the material of the hole transport layer 3 in Example 6 with the compound 53 having the following structural formula. About the produced organic EL element, the characteristic measurement was performed at normal temperature in air
- Example 1 For comparison, an organic EL device was produced under the same conditions as in Example 6 except that the hole transport layer 3 in Example 6 was formed to have a thickness of 50 nm and the electron blocking layer 4 was omitted. . About the produced organic EL element, the characteristic measurement was performed at normal temperature in air
- Example 2 For comparison, an organic EL device was produced under the same conditions as in Example 7 except that the hole transport layer 3 in Example 7 was formed to have a thickness of 50 nm and the electron blocking layer 4 was omitted. . About the produced organic EL element, the characteristic measurement was performed at normal temperature in air
- the driving voltage was obtained when the compound of Example 1 of the present invention (Compound 4) was not used as the electron blocking layer material.
- the compound (Compound 4) of Example 1 of the present invention is used as a material for the electron blocking layer, compared to 6.54 V when ⁇ -NPD is used as the material for the transport layer and 5.89 V when Compound 53 is used. In this case, the voltage was lowered to 5.77 V and 5.68 V, respectively. Further, in any of the light emission luminance, the light emission efficiency, and the power efficiency, when the compound of Example 1 of the present invention (Compound 4) was used as the material for the electron blocking layer, the results were greatly improved.
- the organic EL device using the compound having the carbazole ring structure represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention as the material of the electron blocking layer has improved light emission luminance, light emission efficiency, and power efficiency. It was found that a decrease in practical driving voltage can be achieved.
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Abstract
Description
1999年にプリンストン大学のM.A.Baldoらが、イリジウム錯体を用いた燐光発光素子によって、従来の外部量子効率を大幅に上回る8%を示して以来、燐光発光素子の開発が積極的に行われるようになった。
、ことを特徴とするがより好ましい。
(式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R7、R8は互いに同一でも異なっても良く、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、ニトロ基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基を表し、r1、r4、r7は0または1~4の整数を表し、r2、r3、r8は0または1~3の整数を表し、Bは置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素の2価基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環の2価基または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族の2価基を表し、Ar3、Ar4は互いに同一でも異なっていても良く、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基を表す。)
(式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6は互いに同一でも異なっても良く、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、ニトロ基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基を表し、r4、r5は0または1~4の整数を表し、r1、r2、r3、r6は0または1~3の整数を表し、Ar1、Ar2、Ar3は互いに同一でも異なっていても良く、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基を表す。)
窒素置換した反応容器に、3、6-ジブロモ-9-フェニル-9H-カルバゾール1.6g、9-フェニル-3-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン-2-イル)-9H-カルバゾール2.4g、トルエン20ml、エタノール5ml、2M炭酸カリウム水溶液6mlを加え、超音波を照射しながら30分間窒素ガスを通気した。テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム0.23gを加えて加熱し、74℃で4時間攪拌した。トルエン80mlを加えて加熱し、70℃で1時間さらに撹拌した後、40℃まで冷却して不溶物をろ過によって除き、ろ液を減圧下で濃縮することによって黒色の粗製物を得た。粗製物にトルエン100mlを加えて溶解し、シリカゲル28.9gを用いた吸着精製を行った後、減圧下で濃縮して黄白色粉体を得た。黄白色粉体にトルエン/メタノールを用いた再結晶による精製を2回繰り返すことによって、3,6-ビス(9’-フェニル-9’H-カルバゾール-3-イル)-9-フェニル-9H-カルバゾール(化合物4)1.76g(収率60.9%)の褐白色粉体を得た。
窒素置換した反応容器に、9-フェニル-9H,9’H-[3,3’]ビカルバゾリル12.9g、4-ブロモ-ヨードベンゼン13.4g、銅粉0.64g、炭酸カリウム8.34g、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.49g、オルトジクロロベンゼン50mlを加えて加熱し、170℃で19.5時間攪拌した。90℃まで冷却し、トルエン200mlを加えて溶解した。不溶物をろ過によって除き、減圧下で濃縮した後、メタノール50mlから結晶化することによって、9-(4-ブロモフェニル)-9’-フェニル-9H,9’H-[3,3’]ビカルバゾリル17.30g(収率97%)の白色粉体を得た。
ガラス転移点
本発明実施例1の化合物 142.5℃
本発明実施例2の化合物 151.4℃
仕事関数
本発明実施例1の化合物 5.44eV
本発明実施例2の化合物 5.49eV
T1
本発明実施例1の化合物 2.74eV
本発明実施例2の化合物 2.71eV
FIrpic 2.62eV
Ir(ppy)3 2.42eV
CBP 2.56eV
α-NPD 2.29eV
比較のために、実施例6における正孔輸送層3の膜厚を50nmとなるように形成し、電子阻止層4を省略した以外は、実施例6と同様の条件で有機EL素子を作製した。作製した有機EL素子について、大気中、常温で特性測定を行なった。作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加したときの発光特性の測定結果を表1にまとめて示した。
比較のために、実施例7における正孔輸送層3の膜厚を50nmとなるように形成し、電子阻止層4を省略した以外は、実施例7と同様の条件で有機EL素子を作製した。作製した有機EL素子について、大気中、常温で特性測定を行なった。作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加したときの発光特性の測定結果を表1にまとめて示した。
有機EL素子 正孔輸送層材料/電子素子層材料 発光開始電圧[V]
実施例6 α-NPD/化合物4 2.8
実施例7 化合物53/化合物4 2.8
比較例1 α-NPD/なし 2.9
比較例2 化合物53/なし 2.9
2 透明陽極
3 正孔輸送層
4 電子阻止層
5 発光層
6 正孔阻止層
7 電子輸送層
8 電子注入層
9 陰極
Claims (9)
- 一対の電極とその間に挟まれた、発光層と電子阻止層を含む複数層の有機層を有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、下記一般式(1)で表されるカルバゾール環構造を有する化合物が、該電子阻止層の構成材料として用いられていることを特徴とする有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
(式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6は、互いに同一でも異なっても良く、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、ニトロ基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基を表し、r1、r4、r5は0または1~4の整数を表し、r2、r3、r6は0または1~3の整数を表し、nは0または1の整数を表し、Ar1、Ar2、Ar3は互いに同一でも異なっていても良く、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基を表す。) - 前記一般式(1)においてAr2が下記一般式(2)または(3)で表される1価基である、カルバゾール環構造を有する化合物が該電子阻止層の構成材料として用いられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
(式中、R7、R8は、互いに同一でも異なっても良く、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、ニトロ基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基を表し、r7は0または1~4の整数を表し、r8は0または1~3の整数を表し、Bは置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素の2価基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環の2価基または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族の2価基を表し、Ar4は置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基を表す。)
(式中、R9、R10は、互いに同一でも異なっても良く、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、ニトロ基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基を表し、r9、r10は0または1~3の整数を表し、Cは置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素の2価基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環の2価基または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族の2価基を表し、Ar5は置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基を表し、W、X、Y、Zは炭素原子または窒素原子を表す。ここでW、X、Y、Zはそのいずれか1つのみが窒素原子であるものとし、この場合の窒素原子はR9の置換基を有さないものとする。) - 前記一般式(1)においてnが0であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 一対の電極とその間に挟まれた、発光層と電子阻止層を含む複数層の有機層を有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、下記一般式(1’)で表されるカルバゾール環構造を有する化合物が、該電子阻止層の構成材料として用いられていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
(式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R7、R8は互いに同一でも異なっても良く、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、ニトロ基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基を表し、r1、r4、r7は0または1~4の整数を表し、r2、r3、r8は0または1~3の整数を表し、Bは置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素の2価基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環の2価基または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族の2価基を表し、Ar3、Ar4は互いに同一でも異なっていても良く、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基を表す。) - 前記一般式(1)においてnが1であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 一対の電極とその間に挟まれた、発光層と電子阻止層を含む複数層の有機層を有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、下記一般式(1’’)で表されるカルバゾール環構造を有する化合物が、該電子阻止層の構成材料として用いられていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
(式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6は互いに同一でも異なっても良く、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、ニトロ基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基を表し、r4、r5は0または1~4の整数を表し、r1、r2、r3、r6は0または1~3の整数を表し、Ar1、Ar2、Ar3は互いに同一でも異なっていても良く、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、または置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基を表す。) - 前記した発光層が燐光性の発光材料を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 一対の電極とその間に挟まれた、燐光性の発光材料を含有する発光層と電子阻止層を含む複数層の有機層を有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、前記一般式(1)で表されるカルバゾール環構造を有する化合物が、該発光層の構成材料として用いられていることを特徴とする有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記した燐光性の発光材料がイリジウムまたは白金を含む金属錯体である請求項7または請求項8に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2492985A4 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
CN102576813A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US9306174B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
KR20120093303A (ko) | 2012-08-22 |
EP2492985A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
KR101847222B1 (ko) | 2018-04-09 |
TWI531563B (zh) | 2016-05-01 |
JPWO2011048821A1 (ja) | 2013-03-07 |
US20120273767A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
TW201130797A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
JP6134476B2 (ja) | 2017-05-24 |
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