WO2011032446A1 - 一种数据封装方法及*** - Google Patents

一种数据封装方法及*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011032446A1
WO2011032446A1 PCT/CN2010/076169 CN2010076169W WO2011032446A1 WO 2011032446 A1 WO2011032446 A1 WO 2011032446A1 CN 2010076169 W CN2010076169 W CN 2010076169W WO 2011032446 A1 WO2011032446 A1 WO 2011032446A1
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Prior art keywords
packet
module
data
encapsulation
destination
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PCT/CN2010/076169
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English (en)
French (fr)
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金友兴
符涛
王卫斌
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011032446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011032446A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4633Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a data encapsulation method and system.
  • the IP address in the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol which is widely used in the Internet, has a dual function, and serves as the location identifier of the communication terminal host network interface of the network layer in the network topology. And as the identity of the transport layer host network interface.
  • the TCP/IP design did not consider the case of host mobility at the beginning. However, as host mobility becomes more prevalent, the semantic overload defects of such IP addresses are becoming increasingly apparent.
  • the IP address of the host changes, not only the route changes, but also the identity of the communication terminal host changes. This causes the routing load to become heavier and heavy, and the change of the host identity will also cause the application and connection to be interrupted.
  • the purpose of identification and location separation is to solve the problem of semantic overload and serious load and security of IP addresses, and to separate the dual functions of IP addresses to achieve dynamic redistribution of mobility, multiple townships, and IP addresses. Support for mitigating routing load and mutual visits between different network areas in the next generation Internet.
  • the existing identity and location separation solutions have the following problems:
  • the packets sent to the terminal arrive at the terminal through different IP routes (such as core switching routers or other routers), and the delay of each route is different.
  • IP routes such as core switching routers or other routers
  • the packets that are received by the terminal may cause out-of-order problems.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a data encapsulation method and system, which solves the disorder and packet loss of a message during transmission or during a user movement process under the identity identification and location separation architecture. Question.
  • the present invention provides a data encapsulation method, including:
  • the routing node When the routing node receives the packet sent by the source terminal to the destination terminal, the routing node adds a layer to the packet, and encapsulates the source terminal to send the sequence information of the packet in the encapsulation layer.
  • the routing node where the destination terminal is located When receiving the packet, the routing node where the destination terminal is located performs decapsulation processing, and sorts the received packet according to the sequence information, and then sends the packet to the destination terminal.
  • the encapsulation layer includes an identifier bit field for identifying whether the packet carries sequence information. Adding an encapsulation layer to the packet, and encapsulating, in the encapsulation layer, the sequence information that the source terminal sends the packet, where the routing node where the source terminal is located uses a user datagram protocol ( The UDP method encapsulates the data in the packet.
  • a message type field which is used to identify whether the message is a data packet or a signaling packet, and if it is a signaling packet, is also used to identify a type of signaling
  • a version number field which is used to identify a version number of the data encapsulation format
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a data encapsulation method for an identity identification and location separation architecture, including:
  • the source access support node (ASN) or the interworking gateway node (ISN) receives the packet sent by the source terminal to the destination terminal of the architecture, an encapsulation layer is added to the packet, and the encapsulation layer includes The source terminal sends the sequence information of the >3 ⁇ 4 text;
  • the destination ASN of the destination terminal When receiving the packet, the destination ASN of the destination terminal performs decapsulation processing, and sorts the received packet according to the sequence information, and then sends the packet to the destination terminal.
  • the method further includes: the source ASN or the ISN querying the corresponding routing location identifier (RID) according to the destination AID in the received data packet, and encapsulating the queried destination RID in the data packet. Forward to the backbone network;
  • the source ASN or the ISN When querying the corresponding RID, the source ASN or the ISN first queries whether the local save is saved. Having the identity location identifier mapping information of the destination AID, if not saved, querying the mapping plane for the mapping information of the AID and the RID,
  • the data message includes a data packet or a signaling packet, and the data packet and the signaling packet are encapsulated in a unified format.
  • An identifier bit field configured to identify whether the message carries sequence information
  • a message type field configured to identify whether the packet is a data packet or a signaling packet, and if it is a signaling packet, is further used to identify a type of signaling
  • a version number field which is used to identify a version number of the data encapsulation format
  • the packet uses a standard IP packet; the source ASN uses UDP to encapsulate the packet.
  • the present invention also provides a data encapsulation system, including: a routing node and a terminal, where the routing node includes a packaging module, a decapsulation module, and a forwarding module, where
  • the encapsulating module is configured to: add an encapsulation layer to the packet when the packet sent by the source terminal is received, and encapsulate the source terminal to send the sequence information of the >3 ⁇ 4 text in the encapsulation layer After being sent to the forwarding module;
  • the decapsulation module is configured to: after receiving the packet sent to the destination terminal, perform decapsulation processing, and send the packet to the forwarding module;
  • the forwarding module is configured to: forward the data packet sent by the encapsulating module to the decapsulation module of the destination routing node; and, when receiving the data packet sent by the decapsulation module, according to the The sequence information sorts the received messages and sends them to the destination terminal.
  • the encapsulating module is further configured to: encapsulate an identifier bit field in the encapsulation layer, and use to identify whether the packet carries sequence information.
  • the encapsulating module is configured to perform data encapsulation on the packet by using UDP.
  • the packaging module is further configured to: encapsulate one of the following fields or any of the following in the encapsulation layer Combination of meaning:
  • a message type field which is used to identify whether the message is a data packet or a signaling packet, and if it is a signaling packet, is also used to identify a type of signaling
  • a version number field which is used to identify a version number of the data encapsulation format
  • the present invention further provides a data encapsulation system, which is applied to an identity identification and location separation architecture, including an ASN, an ISN, and a terminal, where the ASN includes an encapsulation module, a decapsulation module, and a forwarding module, where:
  • the encapsulating module is configured to: when receiving a packet sent by the source terminal to the destination terminal of the architecture, adding an encapsulation layer to the packet, where the encapsulation layer includes the terminal sending the packet Sequence information;
  • the decapsulation module is configured to: after receiving the packet sent to the destination terminal, perform decapsulation processing, and send the packet to the forwarding module;
  • the forwarding module is configured to: when receiving the packet sent by the encapsulating module, forward the packet to the decapsulation module of the destination ASN; and, when receiving the packet sent by the decapsulation module, according to the sequence information After the received packets are sorted, they are sent to the destination terminal.
  • the encapsulating module is further configured to: query the corresponding RID according to the received destination AID in the data packet, and encapsulate the queried destination RID in the data packet;
  • the forwarding module is configured to forward the packet to the destination ASN when receiving the packet sent by the encapsulating module in the following manner: forwarding the packet to the destination ASN via the backbone network.
  • the encapsulation module is configured to query the corresponding RID in the following manner: first, query whether the identity location identifier mapping information of the destination AID is saved locally, and query the AID and the RID to the mapping plane without saving. Mapping information,
  • the encapsulation module is configured to encapsulate a packet of a data packet or a signaling packet type in a uniform format.
  • the encapsulation module is further configured to encapsulate one or any combination of the following fields in the encapsulation layer: An identifier bit field, configured to identify whether the message carries sequence information;
  • a message type field which is used to identify whether the message is a data packet or a signaling packet, and if it is a signaling packet, is also used to identify a type of signaling
  • a version number field which is used to identify a version number of the data encapsulation format
  • the encapsulating module is configured to perform data encapsulation on the packet by using UDP.
  • the serial number information is carried in the encapsulation header.
  • the receiving ASN can determine whether there is out-of-order or packet loss on the transmission path according to the serial number information; if an out-of-order occurs, the receiving ASN side can be incremented according to the serial number.
  • the characteristics of the out-of-order processing improve the transmission quality;
  • the version number is included in the encapsulation header.
  • the ASNs of different protocol versions can be communicated according to the version number;
  • the encapsulated data packets can be routed on the IP backbone network.
  • the routers on the existing backbone network do not need to be modified.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network topology of an architecture of an identity identification and a location separation network in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a data encapsulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Preferred embodiment of the invention
  • this embodiment proposes a network-based identity identification and location separation architecture.
  • the core idea is: divide the network into an access network and a backbone network, and assign uniqueness to each user in the network.
  • User identity (access ID), the user identity remains unchanged during the mobile process; there are two types of identity in the network: Access Identifier (AID) and Routing-Location Identifier , referred to as RID).
  • the AID is a unique identifier assigned to each user in the network. It can only be used at the access layer and remains unchanged during the movement of the user terminal.
  • the AID is used to identify the peer between the user terminals.
  • the peer AID needs to be used for communication;
  • RID is the routing location identifier assigned to the user terminal and can only be used on the backbone network.
  • FIG. 1 The network topology based on the identity identification and location separation architecture of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 , wherein the logical functions of each network element are as follows:
  • ASN Access Support Node
  • the access support node is responsible for providing access services for various mobile terminals and allocating access users.
  • AID and RID and the data packets sent by the terminal are encapsulated and transmitted in the core network.
  • the mapping plane is mainly responsible for maintaining the mapping relationship between the access identifier and the route location identifier in the identity and location separation network (ie, the RID-AID mapping relationship), and provides query services to the ASN and other mapping servers.
  • the mapping plane is composed of multiple Identity Location Registers (ILRs).
  • ILRs Identity Location Registers
  • the authentication center is responsible for recording information such as user categories and user service levels, and authenticates and authorizes users when they access them.
  • the Certification Authority supports two-way authentication between the network and the user.
  • the IP backbone network is an interconnection network between ASNs.
  • the main function is to select and forward data packets according to the routing location identifier in the data packet, and forward the data sent by the ASN to the correct destination.
  • the IP network consists of a Central Switch Router (CSR). It is the same as the existing IP network and does not require any modifications.
  • CSR Central Switch Router
  • ISN Interconnect Service Node
  • the ISN is an interworking node between the identity separation network and other networks, such as the Internet. Two different types of networks must communicate with each other through the ISN.
  • the ISN encapsulates, routes, and forwards data packets between the architecture network and the traditional IP network.
  • the wireless network is responsible for providing and maintaining Layer 2 links (physical layer and link layer) between the user terminal and the ASN. In the cellular mobile network, it is responsible for functions such as radio resource allocation and management.
  • the wireless network here may be WCDMA (Wideband CDMA, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), TD-SCDMA (Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access), CDMA2000, LTE (Long Term Evolution, Long Term Evolution) ) and other wireless networks.
  • the information of the Correspondent Node is stored on the ASN for each locally accessed mobile terminal (Mobile Node, MN for short).
  • Mobile Node, MN mobile Node
  • the new ASN will At this time, the identifier of the terminal location is notified to the ASN where the communication peer is located.
  • each CN needs to be notified, and each CN is guaranteed to send the data packet to the correct ASN.
  • a data encapsulation format between the ASNs and between the ASNs and the ISNs is provided, and the encapsulated data may identify the timing of the packets sent by the terminal, and the terminal that receives the data may Sort the data based on the identity.
  • the data encapsulation method of this embodiment is not limited to the above architecture, and can be applied to a variety of other architectures or communication networks.
  • the routing node when the routing node receives the packet sent by the source terminal to the destination terminal, the routing node adds an encapsulation layer to the packet, and encapsulates the sequence information of the packet sent by the terminal in the encapsulation layer; When receiving the packet, the routing node performs decapsulation processing, and sorts the received packet according to the sequence information, and then sends the packet to the destination terminal.
  • the encapsulation layer also includes one of the following fields or any combination thereof: An identifier bit field, configured to identify whether the packet has sequence information;
  • a message type field configured to identify whether the packet is a data packet or a signaling packet, and if it is a signaling packet, is further used to identify a type of signaling
  • a version number field used to identify a version number of the data encapsulation format
  • the specific processing is as follows: User UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is used to encapsulate the data in the terminal, and the terminal sends out
  • the packet is added with an encapsulation layer, and the encapsulation header carries the timing information of the packet, for example, for each outgoing terminal, the sent message includes an incremental sequence number, so that the receiving end can according to the sequence. The number is used to judge the disorder and packet loss of the message.
  • User UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • a standard IP packet is used between the data packet between the ASN and the ASN and the ISN to ensure that the encapsulated data packet can be in the IP backbone. Routing is normally performed on the network.
  • Step 101 The source ASN receives the data packet sent by the terminal:
  • the data packet format is a standard IPV4 data packet format, and the source address and the destination address are the source AID and the destination AID respectively (ie, the AID of the communication peer);
  • Step 102 The source ASN performs data encapsulation
  • the source ASN After receiving the data packet, the source ASN queries the AID-RID mapping table in the local cache according to the destination AID: If the corresponding AID-RID mapping entry is not found, the RID of the communication peer is obtained by querying the mapping plane, and The target RID is encapsulated in the packet header; and an encapsulation layer is added, where the encapsulation layer contains at least the sequence number sent by the data packet.
  • the purpose of encapsulating the RID is to perform routing and forwarding;
  • the format of the data packet encapsulated by the source ASN is as follows (there are 4 bytes in each row in the table): Standard IP header
  • Standard IP header the IP header of a traditional IP network
  • Source RID refers to the RID of the source ASN
  • Target RID refers to the RID of the destination ASN
  • Source port, destination port, UDP length, UDP check the traditional UDP header
  • Source AID refers to the source user ID of the outgoing packet
  • Target AID refers to the target user ID of the received data packet
  • Message type Used to indicate whether the encapsulated message is data or signaling. If it is signaling, it can also distinguish different signaling.
  • Version number 4 bits, which refers to the version number of the data encapsulation format, which is convenient for future expansion;
  • S (optional): 1 bit, which indicates whether the data packet has a serial number. If S is 1, the following serial number field is valid. If S is 0, the following serial number field is invalid. of.
  • Serial number refers to the data sender ASN for each of the same AID, with a serial number of 2 bytes in the outgoing packet.
  • the source and destination addresses of the data packet are the RIDs of the source ASN and the destination ASN.
  • the format and content of the user data in step 101 remain unchanged.
  • the encapsulated data is sent to the generalized forwarding plane, and the generalized forwarding plane is used according to the purpose.
  • the route identifier RID of the ASN forwards it to the destination ASN;
  • Step 103 The destination ASN receives the data packet for decapsulation, removes the entire encapsulation header, restores the data format before encapsulation, and sends the data to the user identified by the target AID. Meanwhile, the ASN receiving the data packet can be as needed.
  • the received data packet is sorted using the serial number in the encapsulation header. For example, when the terminal moves, when the switch is completed, some data will be forwarded from the original ASN to the new ASN. In this case, the new ASN needs root.
  • the forwarding process of the data packet is as follows:
  • Step 201 The ISN receives the data packet sent by the terminal, and the data packet format is a standard IPV4. Data packet
  • Step 202 The ISN encapsulates the data packet, and the encapsulation format is the same as step 102.
  • the ISN queries the AID-RID mapping table in the local cache according to the destination address in the data packet, that is, the AID of the communication peer: If the corresponding AID-RID mapping entry is found, the RID of the CN is encapsulated in the header as the destination address, and is forwarded to The generalized forwarding plane; if the corresponding AID-RID mapping entry is not found, the data packet is tunnel encapsulated and then forwarded to the mapping forwarding plane, and the corresponding AID-RID mapping entry is found by the mapping forwarding plane, and the RID of the CN is taken as The destination address is encapsulated in the packet header and forwarded to the generalized forwarding plane.
  • the process of querying the AID-RID mapping relationship is sent to the mapping forwarding plane, and after receiving the mapping forwarding plane and returning the AID-RID mapping relationship, saving to the local cache. .
  • Step 203 The generalized forwarding plane sends the data packet to the destination ASN, and the destination ASN decapsulates the received data packet, strips the RID encapsulation of the data packet header, and decapsulates the source address of the decapsulated data packet.
  • the destination address is converted to an IP address format supported by a traditional Internet network.
  • the above example illustrates the data encapsulation process of the present invention by taking a data packet as an example, and the implementation steps for the signaling packet are also applicable.
  • the data packet and the signaling packet between the ASN and the ASN, and between the ASN and the ISN are all in a uniform format.
  • the ASN or ISN processes the data packet or the signaling packet, it can determine the data and signaling according to the fixed position of the message header, thereby improving the processing speed of the system.
  • the ASN or the ISN performs the encapsulation of the sequence number only when receiving the data/signaling message sent by the terminal; when receiving the message addressed to the terminal, the ASN or the ISN sorts according to the serial number (if needed) Then, it is decapsulated and sent to the destination terminal.
  • the present invention further provides a data encapsulation system, which is applied to an identity identification and a location separation architecture, including an ASN, an ISN, and a terminal.
  • the ASN and the ISN further include an encapsulation module, a decapsulation module, and a forwarding module.
  • the functions of each network element/module are as follows:
  • the encapsulation module is configured to: when receiving the packet sent by the source terminal to the destination terminal of the architecture, add an encapsulation layer to the packet, where the encapsulation layer includes sequence information of the packet sent by the terminal;
  • the decapsulation module is configured to: after receiving the packet sent to the destination terminal, perform decapsulation processing, and send the packet to the forwarding module;
  • the forwarding module is configured to forward the data packet sent by the encapsulating module to the decapsulation module of the destination ASN; and, when receiving the data packet sent by the decapsulation module, receive the received data according to the sequence information. After the messages are sorted, they are sent to the destination terminal.
  • the encapsulating module is further configured to: query the corresponding RID according to the destination AID in the received data packet, and encapsulate the queried RID in the data packet, and forward the packet to the backbone network;
  • the backbone network forwards the data packet to the destination ASN according to the destination RID.
  • the encapsulating module is further configured to: when querying the corresponding RID, first query whether the local location identifier mapping information of the destination AID is saved locally, and if not, save the mapping information of the AID and the RID to the mapping plane,
  • the encapsulating module is configured to encapsulate a packet including a data packet or a signaling packet in a unified format.
  • the encapsulating module is further configured to: encapsulate one of the following fields or any combination thereof in the encapsulation layer: an identifier bit field, configured to identify whether the packet has sequence information;
  • the message type field is used to identify whether the message is a data packet or a signaling packet, and if it is a signaling packet, it is also used to identify the type of the signaling;
  • a version number field used to identify the version number of the data encapsulation format
  • the encapsulation module encapsulates the data in UDP mode.
  • the serial number information is carried in the encapsulation header, and the receiving ASN can determine whether there is out-of-order or packet loss on the transmission path according to the serial number information; if the out-of-order occurs, the receiving ASN side can be according to the sequence.
  • the incremental numbering feature performs out-of-order processing to improve the transmission quality.
  • the message type in the encapsulation header distinguishes between signaling and data, facilitating the exchange of non-data packets between ASNs; the version number in the encapsulation header.
  • the ASNs of different protocol versions can be communicated according to the version number; the flag field S is included in the encapsulation header, and only this S is 1, indicating that the serial number in the packet header is Meaning, if the transmission quality is good, you can not have the serial number, then the S bit is 0; there is a reserved field in the encapsulation header, which is convenient for future extension of the protocol. This field can be used to identify different data content in the encapsulated data; the encapsulated data packet can be routed on the IP backbone network, and the router on the existing backbone network does not need to be modified.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种数据封装方法及***,所述方法包括:路由节点接收到源终端发往目的终端的报文时,在所述报文中增加一封装层,并在所述封装层中封装所述源终端发送所述报文的序列信息;所述目的终端所在的路由节点接收到所述报文时,进行解封装处理,并根据所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后,发送给所述目的终端。本发明提高了传输质量。

Description

一种数据封装方法及***
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种数据封装方法及***。
背景技术
现有因特网广泛使用的传输控制协议 /互联网络协议 ( Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, TCP/IP ) 中 IP地址具有双重功能, 既作为 网络层的通信终端主机网络接口在网络拓朴中的位置标识, 又作为传输层主 机网络接口的身份标识。 TCP/IP设计之初并未考虑主机移动的情况。 但是, 当主机移动越来越普遍时, 这种 IP地址的语义过载缺陷日益明显。 当主机的 IP地址发生变化时, 不仅路由要发生变化, 通信终端主机的身份标识也发生 变化, 这样会导致路由负载越来越重, 而且主机标识的变化还将导致应用和 连接的中断。
身份标识和位置分离问题提出的目的是为了解决 IP地址的语义过载和路 由负载严重、 安全等问题, 将 IP地址的双重功能进行分离, 实现对移动性、 多家乡性、 IP地址动态重分配、 减轻路由负载及下一代互联网中不同网络区 域之间的互访等问题的支持。
发明内容
目前已有的身份标识和位置分离解决方案中存在如下问题: 发送到终端 的数据包是经过不同的 IP路由(如核心交换路由器或其他路由器)到达终端 的, 而每条路由的延时是不同的, 导致终端收到的数据包, 尤其在用户移动 过程中可能会产生乱序问题。 而现有技术中并不存在对乱序的数据进行排序 处理的机制。
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种数据封装方法及***, 在身份标识 和位置分离架构下, 解决报文在传输过程中或用户移动过程中的乱序及丟包 问题。
为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供了一种数据封装方法, 包括:
路由节点接收到源终端发往目的终端的报文时, 在所述报文中增加一封 装层, 并在所述封装层中封装所述源终端发送所述 >¾文的序列信息;
所述目的终端所在的路由节点接收到所述报文时, 进行解封装处理, 并 根据所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终端。
所述封装层中包含一标识位字段,用于标识所述报文是否带有序列信息。 在所述报文中增加一封装层, 并在所述封装层中封装所述源终端发送所 述报文的序列信息的步骤中, 所述源终端所在的路由节点釆用用户数据报协 议 (UDP)的方式对所述报文进行数据封装。
所述封装层中还包含以下字段中的一种或其任意组合:
消息类型字段, 其用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令 包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
本发明所要解决的另一技术问题是提供一种数据封装方法, 应用于身份 标识和位置分离架构, 包括:
源接入支持节点 (ASN)或互通网关节点 (ISN)接收到源终端发往位于所述 架构的目的终端的报文时, 在所述报文中增加一封装层, 所述封装层中包含 所述源终端发送所述 >¾文的序列信息;
所述目的终端所在的目的 ASN接收到所述报文时, 进行解封装处理, 并 根据所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终端。
上述方法还包括:所述源 ASN或 ISN根据接收到的所述数据报文中的目 的 AID查询对应的路由位置标识( RID ) , 并将查询到的目的 RID封装在所 述数据报文中, 转发到骨干网;
ASN。 所述源 ASN或 ISN在查询所述对应的 RID时, 首先查询本地是否保存 有所述目的 AID的身份位置标识映射信息, 在没有保存的情况下, 向映射平 面查询所述 AID与 RID的映射信息,
所述数据报文包括数据包或信令包, 且对数据包与信令包釆用统一的格 式进行封装。
所述封装层中包含以下字段中的一种或其任意组合:
标识位字段, 其用于标识所述报文是否带有序列信息;
消息类型字段, 用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
所述报文釆用标准的 IP包; 所述源 ASN釆用 UDP的方式对所述报文进 行数据封装。
本发明还提供了一种数据封装***, 包括: 路由节点和终端, 所述路由 节点包括封装模块、 解封装模块和转发模块, 其中,
所述封装模块设置为: 在接收到源终端发出的报文时, 在所述报文中增 加一封装层,并在所述封装层中封装所述源终端发送所述>¾文的序列信息后, 发送给所述转发模块;
所述解封装模块设置为: 接收到发往目的终端的所述报文时, 进行解封 装处理后, 发送给所述转发模块;
所述转发模块设置为: 在接收到所述封装模块发送的数据报文时, 转发 给目的路由节点的解封装模块; 以及, 在接收到所述解封装模块发送的数据 报文时, 根据所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终 端。
所述封装模块还设置为: 在所述封装层中封装一标识位字段, 用于标识 所述报文是否带有序列信息。
所述封装模块是设置为釆用 UDP的方式对所述报文进行数据封装。
所述封装模块还设置为: 在所述封装层中封装以下字段中的一种或其任 意组合:
消息类型字段, 其用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令 包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
本发明还提供了一种数据封装***, 应用于身份标识和位置分离架构, 包括 ASN、 ISN和终端, 其中所述 ASN包括封装模块、 解封装模块和转发模 块, 其中:
所述封装模块设置为: 接收到源终端发往位于所述架构的目的终端的报 文时, 在所述报文中增加一封装层, 所述封装层中包含所述终端发送所述报 文的序列信息;
所述解封装模块设置为: 接收到发往目的终端的所述报文时, 进行解封 装处理后, 发送给所述转发模块;
所述转发模块设置为: 在接收到所述封装模块发送的报文时, 转发给目 的 ASN的解封装模块; 以及, 在接收到所述解封装模块发送的报文时, 根据 所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终端。
所述封装模块还设置为: 根据接收到的所述数据报文中的目的 AID查询 对应的 RID, 并将查询到的目的 RID封装在所述数据报文中;
所述转发模块是设置为以如下方式在接收到所述封装模块发送的报文 时, 转发给目的 ASN的解封装模块: 将所述报文经骨干网转发到目的 ASN。
所述封装模块是设置为以如下方式查询所述对应的 RID: 首先查询本地 是否保存有所述目的 AID的身份位置标识映射信息, 在没有保存的情况下, 向映射平面查询所述 AID与 RID的映射信息,
所述封装模块是设置为对数据包或信令包类型的报文釆用统一的格式进 行封装。
所述封装模块还设置为在所述封装层中封装以下字段中的一种或其任意 组合: 标识位字段, 其用于标识所述报文是否带有序列信息;
消息类型字段, 其用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令 包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
所述封装模块是设置为釆用 UDP的方式对所述报文进行数据封装。
釆用上述的数据封装格式, 至少具有如下有益效果:
1、 在封装头中带了序列号信息, 在接收 ASN可以根据序列号信息来判 断在传输路径上是否有乱序或者丟包; 如果发生了乱序, 则在接收 ASN侧可 以根据序列号递增的特性进行乱序处理, 提高了传输质量;
2、 在封装头中带有消息类型, 可以区分信令和数据, 便于 ASN之间非 数据报文的交换;
3、在封装头中带有版本号,在以后协议有升级的时候,可以根据版本号, 保证不同协议版本的 ASN之间进行互相通信;
4、 在封装头中带有标志字段 S, 只有这个 S为 1 , 才表示包头中的序列 号是有意义的, 如果在传输质量艮好的场景下, 可以不带序列号, 这时 S位 为 0;
5、 在封装头中带有保留字段, 便于以后对协议的扩展。 这字段可以用于 标识封装数据中不同的数据内容;
6、 封装后的数据包可以在 IP骨干网络上进行路由, 现有骨干网络上的 路由器不需要做任何修改。 附图概述
图 1是本发明实施例中身份标识和位置分离网络的架构的网络拓朴示意 图;
图 2为本发明实施例的数据封装***的示意框图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明进行更详细的说明。
为了克服现有技术的不足, 本实施例提出了一种基于网络的身份标识和 位置分离架构, 其核心思想是: 将网络划分为接入网和骨干网, 为网络中的 每个用户分配唯一的用户身份标识(接入标识) , 该用户身份标识在移动过 程中始终保持不变; 网络中有两种标识类型: 接入标识(Access Identifier, 简称 AID )和路由位置标识(Routing-Location Identifier, 简称 RID ) 。 其中 AID是为网络中每个用户分配的唯一的身份标识, 只能在接入层使用, 且在 用户终端的移动过程中始终保持不变, 用户终端间使用 AID标识对端, 用户 终端间只需使用对端的 AID进行通信; RID是为用户终端分配的路由位置标 识, 只能在骨干网使用。
本实施例的基于身份标识和位置分离架构具体的网络拓朴如图 1所示, 其中每个网元的逻辑功能如下:
1. 接入支持节点 (Access Support Node, 简称 ASN )
接入支持节点负责为各种移动终端提供接入服务, 为接入的用户分配
AID和 RID, 并对终端发出的数据报文进行标识封装后在核心网中传输。
2. 映射平面
映射平面主要负责维护身份标识和位置分离网络中接入标识和路由位置 标识的映射关系 (即 RID-AID映射关系 ) , 并向 ASN和其它映射服务器提 供查询服务。 映射平面由多个身份位置寄存器( Identity Location Register, 简 称 ILR )组成, 在 ASN查询通信对端位置过程中, 如果 ASN本地没有通信 对端的路由位置信息, 就通过映射平面去查找。
3. 认证中心
认证中心负责记录用户类别、 用户服务等级等信息, 在用户接入时对用 户进行合法性认证和授权。 认证中心支持网络与用户间的双向鉴权。
4. IP骨干网
IP骨干网是 ASN之间的互联网络,主要功能是根据数据报文中的路由位 置标识进行选路和转发数据报文, 把 ASN发出的数据转发到正确的目的地; IP网络由核心交换路由器(Central Switch Router, 简称 CSR )组成。 与现有 的 IP网络是一样的, 不需要进行任何修改。
5. 互通网关节点 (Interconnect Service Node, 简称 ISN )
ISN是身份位置分离网络与其他网络, 例如 Internet的互通节点, 两类不 同的网络必须通过 ISN进行互相通信。 ISN封装、 路由并转发本架构网络与 传统 IP网络之间往来的数据报文。
6. 无线网络
无线网络负责提供并维护用户终端到 ASN之间的二层链路 (物理层和链 路层) , 在蜂窝移动网络中, 负责无线资源分配和管理等功能。 此处的无线 网络可以是 WCDMA ( Wideband CDMA,宽带码分多址), TD-SCDMA ( Time Division- Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access, 时分同步码分多址) , CDMA2000 , LTE ( Long Term Evolution, 长期演进)等无线网络。
在 ASN上为每个本地接入的移动终端( Mobile Node, 简称 MN )保存所 有的通信对端 (Correspondent Node, 简称 CN ) 的信息, 当移动终端的位置 发生变化的时候,新的 ASN将把此时终端位置的标识通知给通信对端所在的 ASN, 通信对端有多个的时候, 需要通知到每个 CN, 保证各个 CN把数据包 发给正确的 ASN。
本实施例中提供了一种基于上述身份标识和位置分离架构下 ASN之间 以及 ASN与 ISN之间的数据封装格式,封装后的数据可以标识终端发出报文 的时序, 接收到数据的终端可以根据标识对数据进行排序。
本实施例的数据封装方法并不局限于应用于上述架构, 也可以适用于多 种其他架构或通信网络。
例如, 在本发明其他实施例中, 路由节点接收到源终端发往目的终端的 报文时, 在报文中增加一封装层, 并在封装层中封装终端发送报文的序列信 息; 目的终端所在的路由节点接收到所述报文时, 进行解封装处理, 并根据 所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给目的终端。
此外, 该封装层中还包含以下字段中的一种或其任意组合: 标识位字段, 用于标识所述报文是否带有序列信息;
消息类型字段, 用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
本实施例中, ASN和 ISN在接收到终端发出的 4艮文时, 具体处理如下: 釆用 UDP ( User Datagram Protocol, 用户数据 4艮协议) 的方式对 4艮文进 行数据封装, 在终端发出的报文中加上一个封装层, 在封装头携带终端发出 报文的时序信息, 例如, 针对每一个发出终端, 在发出的报文中包含递增的 序列号, 从而, 接收端可以根据该序列号来判断报文的乱序及丟包情况。
具体的实现可以釆用如下封装格式:
IP头
源 RID
目标 RID
UDP头
封装层
源 AID
目标 AID
数据包 /信令包 为了充分利用现有骨干网络, 本实施例中, ASN之间的数据包、 及 ASN 与 ISN之间均釆用标准的 IP包, 保证封装后的数据包可以在 IP骨干网络上 正常进行路由。
下面结合两个应用实例对本发明数据封装的具体实施方式作进一步详细 描述。
应用实例一 基于身份标识和位置分离架构网络内的终端在进行通信时, ASN之间的 数据报文的转发流程如下:
步骤 101 : 源 ASN接收终端发送来的数据包:
数据包格式为标准的 IPV4数据包格式,源地址和目的地址分别为源 AID 和目的 AID (即通信对端的 AID ) ;
步骤 102: 源 ASN进行数据封装;
源 ASN接收到数据包后, 根据其中的目的 AID 查询本地緩存中的 AID-RID映射表: 如果没有查到对应的 AID-RID映射条目, 则通过查询映射 平面, 得到通信对端的 RID, 将其作为目标 RID封装在报文头部; 并增加一 个封装层, 该封装层中至少包含数据包发送的序列号。 其中封装 RID的目的 是用于进行路由转发;
本实施例中,源 ASN封装后的数据包格式如下(该表中每行有 4个字节): 标准 IP头
源 RID
标 RID
源端口 目的端口
UDP长度 UDP校验
消息类型 版本号 Res 序列号
源 AID
目标 AID
数据包 /信令包 其中, 各字段的含义说明如下:
标准 IP头: 即传统 IP网络的 IP包头;
源 RID: 指源 ASN的 RID;
目标 RID: 指目的 ASN的 RID;
源端口, 目的端口, UDP长度, UDP校验: 即传统的 UDP头; 源 AID: 指发出数据包的源用户标识;
目标 AID: 指接收数据包的目标用户标识;
消息类型: 用于表明该封装报文是数据还是信令, 如果是信令还可以区 分不同的信令;
版本号 (可选) : 占 4个比特, 指该数据封装格式的版本号, 便于以后 扩展;
Res (可选) : 占 3个比特, 作为预留字段, 便于以后扩展;
S (可选): 占 1比特, 标识本数据报文是否带序列号, 如果 S为 1 , 则 说明后面的序列号字段是有效的, 如果 S为 0, 则说明后面的序列号字段是 无效的。
序列号: 指数据发送端 ASN针对每个相同的 AID, 在发出的数据包中带 序列号占 2个字节。
源 ASN封装后, 数据包的源地址和目的地址为源 ASN和目的 ASN的 RID, 步骤 101 中的用户数据格式和内容保持不变, 封装后的数据发送到广 义转发平面, 广义转发平面根据目的 ASN的路由标识 RID将其转发到目的 ASN;
步骤 103: 目的 ASN接收到数据包包进行解封装,将整个封装头都去掉, 恢复为封装前的数据格式, 将数据发送给目标 AID标识的用户; 同时, 接收 到数据包的 ASN可以根据需要使用封装头中的序列号对接收到的数据包进 行排序处理。 例如, 在终端发生移动的情况下, 切换刚完成的时候, 会有部 分数据从原来的 ASN转发到新的 ASN过来, 这种情况下, 新的 ASN需要根
应用实例二
当传统 IP网络内的终端访问本发明基于身份标识和位置分离架构网络内 的终端时, 数据报文的转发流程如下:
步骤 201 : ISN接收终端发送来的数据包, 该数据包格式是标准的 IPV4 的数据包;
步骤 202, ISN对数据包进行封装, 其封装格式与步骤 102相同;
ISN根据数据报文中目的地址即通信对端的 AID 查询本地緩存中的 AID-RID映射表: 如果查到对应的 AID-RID映射条目, 将 CN的 RID作为目 的地址封装在 文头部,转发到广义转发平面;如果没有查到对应的 AID-RID 映射条目, 则将数据报文做隧道封装后转发到映射转发平面, 由映射转发平 面查到对应的 AID-RID映射条目,将 CN的 RID作为目的地址封装在报文头 部, 转发到广义转发平面。
并且, 当 ISN查不到对应的 AID-RID映射条目时, 会向映射转发平面发 出查询 AID-RID映射关系的流程,在接收到映射转发平面返回 AID-RID映射 关系后, 保存到本地緩存中。
步骤 203 , 广义转发平面将数据报文发送到目的 ASN, 目的 ASN对接收 到的数据报文进行解封装处理, 剥去数据报文头部的 RID封装, 将解封装后 的数据 文的源地址目的地址转换为传统 Internet网络支持的 IP地址格式。
上述实例是以数据包为例对本发明的数据封装过程进行说明, 对于信令 包其实施步骤同样适用。
此外, 本发明实例中为便于简化处理, ASN和 ASN之间, 以及 ASN和 ISN之间的数据包和信令包均釆用统一的格式。 在格式相同的情况下, ASN 或 ISN对数据包或信令包进行处理的时候, 只需根据消息头的固定位置就可 以判断出是数据和信令, 从而可以提高***的处理速度。
本发明中, ASN或 ISN仅在收到终端发出的数据 /信令报文时,进行序列 号的封装;在接收到发往终端的报文时, ASN或 ISN根据序列号进行排序(如 果需要的话) , 再进行解封装后发给目的终端。
如图 2所示, 本发明还提供了一种数据封装***, 应用于身份标识和位 置分离架构,包括 ASN、 ISN和终端,其中 ASN和 ISN进一步包括封装模块、 解封装模块和转发模块。 其中, 各网元 /模块的功能如下: 封装模块用于, 接收到源终端发往位于本架构的目的终端的报文时, 在 报文中增加一封装层, 封装层中包含终端发送报文的序列信息;
解封装模块用于, 接收到发往目的终端的报文时, 进行解封装处理后, 发送给转发模块;
转发模块用于, 在接收到封装模块发送的数据报文时, 转发给目的 ASN 的解封装模块; 以及, 在接收到解封装模块发送的数据报文时, 根据所述序 列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终端。
其中, 封装模块还用于, 根据接收到的数据报文中的目的 AID查询对应 的 RID, 并将查询到的目的 RID封装在数据报文中, 转发到骨干网;
骨干网根据目的 RID将数据报文转发至目的 ASN。
封装模块还用于, 在查询对应的 RID时, 首先查询本地是否保存有目的 AID的身份位置标识映射信息, 在没有保存的情况下, 向映射平面查询 AID 与 RID的映射信息,
所述封装模块用于对包括数据包或信令包报文釆用统一的格式进行封 装。
封装模块还用于, 在封装层中封装以下字段中的一种或其任意组合: 标识位字段, 用于标识报文是否带有序列信息;
消息类型字段, 用于标识报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令包, 则 还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 用于标识数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
封装模块釆用 UDP的方式对报文进行数据封装。
尽管为示例目的, 已经公开了本发明的优选实施例, 本领域的技术人员 将意识到各种改进、 增加和取代也是可能的, 因此, 本发明的范围应当不限 于上述实施例。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成, 所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中, 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地, 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地, 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
工业实用性
应用本发明, 在封装头中带了序列号信息, 在接收 ASN可以根据序列号 信息来判断在传输路径上是否有乱序或者丟包; 如果发生了乱序, 则在接收 ASN侧可以根据序列号递增的特性进行乱序处理, 提高了传输质量; 在封装 头中带有消息类型,可以区分信令和数据,便于 ASN之间非数据报文的交换; 在封装头中带有版本号, 在以后协议有升级的时候, 可以根据版本号, 保证 不同协议版本的 ASN之间进行互相通信; 在封装头中带有标志字段 S, 只有 这个 S为 1 , 才表示包头中的序列号是有意义的, 如果在传输质量很好的场 景下, 可以不带序列号, 这时 S位为 0; 在封装头中带有保留字段, 便于以 后对协议的扩展。 这字段可以用于标识封装数据中不同的数据内容; 封装后 的数据包可以在 IP骨干网络上进行路由, 现有骨干网络上的路由器不需要做 任何修改。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种数据封装方法, 其包括:
路由节点接收到源终端发往目的终端的报文时, 在所述报文中增加一封 装层, 并在所述封装层中封装所述源终端发送所述 >¾文的序列信息; 以及 所述目的终端所在的路由节点接收到所述报文时, 进行解封装处理, 并 根据所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终端。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中,
所述封装层中包含一标识位字段,用于标识所述报文是否带有序列信息。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中,
在所述报文中增加一封装层, 并在所述封装层中封装所述源终端发送所 述报文的序列信息的步骤中, 所述源终端所在的路由节点釆用用户数据报协 议 (UDP)的方式对所述报文进行数据封装。
4、 如权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的方法, 其中,
所述封装层中还包含以下字段中的一种或其任意组合:
消息类型字段, 其用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令 包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
5、 一种数据封装方法,应用于身份标识和位置分离架构 ,该方法包括: 源接入支持节点 (ASN)或互通网关节点 (ISN)接收到源终端发往位于所述 架构的目的终端的报文时, 在所述报文中增加一封装层, 所述封装层中包含 所述源终端发送所述 "^文的序列信息; 以及
所述目的终端所在的目的 ASN接收到所述报文时, 进行解封装处理, 并 根据所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终端。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的方法, 该方法还包括:
所述源 ASN或 ISN根据接收到的所述数据报文中的目的接入标识( AID ) 查询对应的路由位置标识(RID ) , 并将查询到的目的 RID封装在所述数据 报文中, 转发到骨干网;
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其中,
所述源 ASN或 ISN在查询所述对应的 RID时, 首先查询本地是否保存 有所述目的 AID的身份位置标识映射信息, 在没有保存的情况下, 向映射平 面查询所述 AID与 RID的映射信息。
8、 如权利要求 5所述的方法, 其中,
所述数据报文包括数据包或信令包, 且对数据包与信令包釆用统一的格 式进行封装。
9、 如权利要求 5所述的方法, 其中,
所述封装层中包含以下字段中的一种或其任意组合:
标识位字段, 其用于标识所述报文是否带有序列信息;
消息类型字段, 其用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令 包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
10、 如权利要求 5至 9至任一项所述的方法, 其中,
所述报文釆用标准的互联网络协议(IP ) 包; 所述源 ASN釆用用户数据 报协议(UDP ) 的方式对所述报文进行数据封装。
11、 一种数据封装***, 其包括: 路由节点和终端, 所述路由节点包括 封装模块、 解封装模块和转发模块,
所述封装模块设置为: 在接收到源终端发出的报文时, 在所述报文中增 加一封装层,并在所述封装层中封装所述源终端发送所述>¾文的序列信息后, 发送给所述转发模块;
所述解封装模块设置为: 接收到发往目的终端的所述报文时, 进行解封 装处理后, 发送给所述转发模块; 所述转发模块设置为: 在接收到所述封装模块发送的数据报文时, 转发 给目的路由节点的解封装模块; 以及, 在接收到所述解封装模块发送的数据 报文时, 根据所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终 端。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块还设置为: 在所述封装层中封装一标识位字段, 用于标识 所述报文是否带有序列信息。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块是设置为釆用用户数据报协议(UDP ) 的方式对所述报文 进行数据封装。
14、 如权利要求 11、 12或 13所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块还设置为: 在所述封装层中封装以下字段中的一种或其任 意组合:
消息类型字段, 其用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令 包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
15、 一种数据封装***,应用于身份标识和位置分离架构,其包括接入 支持节点 (ASN ) 、 互通网关节点 (ISN )和终端, 其中所述 ASN和 ISN包 括封装模块、 解封装模块和转发模块, 其中:
所述封装模块设置为: 接收到源终端发往位于所述架构的目的终端的报 文时, 在所述报文中增加一封装层, 发送给所述转发模块, 所述封装层中包 含所述源终端发送所述报文的序列信息;
所述解封装模块设置为: 接收到发往目的终端的所述报文时, 进行解封 装处理后, 发送给所述转发模块;
所述转发模块设置为: 在接收到所述封装模块发送的报文时, 转发给目 的 ASN的解封装模块; 以及, 在接收到所述解封装模块发送的报文时, 根据 所述序列信息对接收到的报文进行排序后, 发送给所述目的终端。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块还设置为: 根据接收到的所述报文中的目的接入标识 ( AID )查询对应的路由位置标识( RID ) , 并将查询到的目的 RID封装在所 述数据报文中;
所述转发模块是设置为以如下方式在接收到所述封装模块发送的报文 时, 转发给目的 ASN的解封装模块: 将所述报文经骨干网转发到目的 ASN。
17、 如权利要求 16所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块是设置为以如下方式查询所述对应的 RID: 首先查询本地 是否保存有所述目的 AID的身份位置标识映射信息, 在没有保存的情况下, 向映射平面查询所述 AID与 RID的映射信息。
18、 如权利要求 15所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块是设置为对数据包或信令包类型的报文釆用统一的格式进 行封装。
19、 如权利要求 15所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块还设置为: 在所述封装层中封装以下字段中的一种或其任 意组合:
标识位字段, 其用于标识所述报文是否带有序列信息;
消息类型字段, 其用于标识所述报文是数据包还是信令包, 如果是信令 包, 则还用于标识信令的类型;
版本号字段, 其用于标识所述数据封装格式的版本号;
预留字段。
20、 如权利要求 15至 19至任一项所述的***, 其中,
所述封装模块是设置为釆用用户数据报协议 UDP 的方式对所述报文进 行数据封装。
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