WO2011011931A1

WO2011011931A1 - Secondary battery pack and charger for secondary battery pack including series secondary batteries

Info

Publication number: WO2011011931A1
Application number: PCT/CN2009/073756
Authority: WO
Inventors: 田瑜; 江文彦
Original assignee: Tian Yu; Jiang Wenyan
Priority date: 2009-07-31
Filing date: 2009-09-04
Publication date: 2011-02-03
Also published as: CN201490290U

Abstract

A charger for a secondary battery pack (2) including series secondary batteries. The charger includes a main charger (1) which is connected with the secondary battery pack (2) in parallel; a single chip computer (3) which is connected with the main charger (1); and multiple discharging circuits (4) connected with the single chip computer (3). These discharging circuits (4) are one to one corresponding to the secondary batteries in the secondary battery pack (2). Each discharging circuit (4) is connected with one secondary battery in parallel. The charger for the series secondary battery pack (2) also includes a relay group (5) connected with the single chip computer (3). The relay group (5) includes multiple relays which are one to one corresponding to the secondary batteries in the secondary battery pack (2). Each relay is connected with one secondary battery in parallel. Also disclosed are a secondary battery pack (2) and another charger for a secondary battery pack (2) including series secondary batteries, which includes an assistant charger (6). The charger and the secondary battery pack (2) can automatically balance the charge during charging and shorten the charging time.

Description

说明书串联充电电池组的充电器及充电电池组技术领域 Manual Charger and rechargeable battery pack for series rechargeable battery packs

[1] 本实用新型涉及一种充电器，特别涉及一种串联充电电池组的充电器及充电电池组。 [1] The utility model relates to a charger, in particular to a charger and a rechargeable battery pack of a series rechargeable battery pack.

背景技术 Background technique

[2] 在车模、航模以及汽车、飞机等设备中，一般均需要配备大容量的可反复充放电的动力电池，例如多节串联的锂电池组或磷酸铁锂电池组等等。对该类充电电池组进行充电吋，要求能够达到较高的平衡精度以及较短的充电吋间。 [2] In car models, model aircraft, and automobiles, aircraft and other equipment, it is generally required to have a large-capacity rechargeable battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, such as a multi-cell lithium battery pack or a lithium iron phosphate battery pack. Charging this type of rechargeable battery pack requires high balance accuracy and a short charging time.

[3] 目前，一般釆用以下两种方式对该类充电电池组进行充电。 [3] At present, the rechargeable battery pack is generally charged in the following two ways.

[4] 第一种充电方式如图 1所示，每节充电电池均配备一个充电器进行独立充电。 [4] The first charging method is shown in Figure 1. Each rechargeable battery is equipped with a charger for independent charging.

该充电方式的优点为每个充电回路均相互独立，无需进行平衡。但其也具有以下缺点：一，每个回路都需要独立的充电器，在充电电流相同的情况下，成本较高；二，每个回路中的充电器输出的电压较低，电源效率低下；三，难以实现对每节电池充入容量的统计，当电池间容量不平衡吋，不能给出指示。由于充电电池在使用一段吋间后，原来容量一致的电池会因各种原因导致容量不再一致，如相差较大，在不能及吋发现并釆取有效的措施的情况下，易加快对电池的损坏并带来事故隐患，在要求严格的场合是不能釆用的。 The advantage of this charging method is that each charging circuit is independent of each other and does not need to be balanced. However, it also has the following disadvantages: First, each circuit requires an independent charger, in the case of the same charging current, the cost is higher; Second, the voltage output of the charger in each circuit is lower, the power efficiency is low; Third, it is difficult to calculate the charge capacity of each battery. When the capacity between the batteries is not balanced, no indication can be given. Since the rechargeable battery is in use for a period of time, the original capacity of the battery will not be consistent due to various reasons, such as large differences, in the case of failure to find and take effective measures, it is easy to speed up the battery The damage and the hidden dangers of accidents can not be used in strict requirements.

[5] 第二种充电方式如图 2所示，釆用一主充电器 Γ直接并联于多节串联的充电电池组 5'的两极之间进行充电，一单片机 2'与该主充电器 Γ相连以进行充电控制，对每节电池的电压检测则釆取如图所示的分压釆样的方法，即利用分压电阻 3'将每节电池对地分压，然后将釆样值通过 A/D (模 /数）转换输入单片机 2'，当检测到有某节电池电压过低吋，单片机 2'将控制放电电路 4'对其他各节电压正常的电池进行放电，以最终达到电池间的平衡。该充电方式对 10节电池以下的电池组较为适用，可以在成本较低的情况下获得较佳的充电控制精度。但是，当电池组包含的电池数量较多吋，该充电方式存在以下缺陷：一，在进行电池的电压釆样吋，先利用电阻分压以测量各釆样点的电压值，然后通过将相邻釆样点的电压值相减以获得各节电池的电压，但是由于 A/D转换恒有 0.5LSB (Least Significant [5] The second charging method is shown in Figure 2. Using a main charger, directly connected in parallel between the two poles of the multi-section rechargeable battery pack 5' for charging, a single-chip 2' and the main chargerΓ Connected for charge control, for each battery voltage detection, take the method of dividing the voltage as shown in the figure, that is, use the voltage divider resistor 3' to divide each battery to ground, and then pass the sample value A/D (A/D) conversion input to the MCU 2', when it is detected that a certain battery voltage is too low, the MCU 2' will control the discharge circuit 4' to discharge the other normal voltage batteries to finally reach the battery. Balance between. This charging method is suitable for a battery pack of 10 cells or less, and can obtain better charging control accuracy at a lower cost. However, when the battery pack contains a large number of batteries, the charging method has the following drawbacks: First, the voltage of the battery is being performed. 釆吋, first use the resistor divider to measure the voltage value of each sample point, and then subtract the voltage value of the adjacent sample points to obtain the voltage of each battery, but since the A/D conversion is always 0.5LSB (Least Significant

Bit,最低有效位）误差（例如 10位 A/D的误差将占 0.5/1024) ，在各釆样点的电压误差百分比相同的情况下，随着电池节数的增多、釆样点最高电压的加大，误差的绝对值也在加大，当电压大到一定程度（例如 70V) 吋，绝对误差就将超过需要的控制精度（例如 6mV) ，所以此吋该充电方式是无法釆用的；二，当电压很高吋（例如 70V) ，对分压电阻的稳定性要求很高，相对于仅有几毫伏波动范围的控制精度，它的微小变化都将引入较大的绝对误差，但是能够保持长期稳定的电阻很难获得且价格昂贵；三，当检测到有单节电池的电压过低吋，则其余所有电池都要进行放电，直到与该低电压的单节电池电压相近后才能继续幵始充电，这大大增加了不必要的平衡吋间，延长了充电吋间。 Bit, least significant bit) error (for example, 10-bit A/D error will account for 0.5/1024). With the same percentage of voltage error at each sample point, the maximum voltage of the sample point increases with the number of battery segments. If the voltage is large enough (for example, 70V), the absolute error will exceed the required control accuracy (for example, 6mV), so this charging method cannot be used. Second, when the voltage is very high (for example, 70V), the stability of the voltage divider resistor is very high. Compared with the control accuracy of only a few millivolts, its small variation will introduce a large absolute error. However, it is difficult to obtain a long-term stable resistance and is expensive. Third, when a single-cell battery voltage is detected to be too low, all other batteries are discharged until they are close to the low-voltage single-cell voltage. In order to continue charging, this greatly increases the unnecessary balance and prolongs the charging time.

对发明的公开 Disclosure of invention

技术问题 technical problem

[6] 本实用新型要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术的充电方式或成本较高或精度较低又耗吋的缺陷，提供一种电池平衡精度高的串联充电电池组的充电器及一种能够在充电吋自动平衡并缩短充电吋间的充电电池组。 [6] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art charging method or the high cost or the low precision and the depletion, and provide a charger for the series rechargeable battery pack with high battery balance precision and A rechargeable battery pack that automatically balances and shortens the charging time during charging.

技术解决方案 Technical solution

[7] 本实用新型是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的： [7] The utility model solves the above technical problems by the following technical solutions:

[8] 一种串联充电电池组的充电器，其包括：一主充电器，并联于该充电电池组的两极之间；一单片机，与该主充电器相连；多个与该单片机相连的放电电路，该些放电电路与该充电电池组中的充电电池一一对应，每个该放电电路均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间；其特点在于，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一与该单片机相连的继电器组，该继电器组包括多个与该充电电池组中的充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个该继电器均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间 [8] A charger for a series rechargeable battery pack, comprising: a main charger connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery pack; a single chip microcomputer connected to the main charger; and a plurality of discharges connected to the single chip microcomputer a circuit, the discharge circuits are in one-to-one correspondence with the rechargeable batteries in the rechargeable battery pack, each of the discharge circuits being connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery; wherein the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further comprises a relay group connected to the single chip microcomputer, the relay group comprising a plurality of relays corresponding to the rechargeable batteries in the rechargeable battery pack, each of the relays being connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery

[9] 较佳地，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一辅充电器，该辅充电器与该继电器组和该单片机均相连，当检测到有电压过低的单节电池吋，该单片机将选通对应该单节电池的继电器通道，控制该辅充电器对该单节电池进行补充充电，这将极大地缩短平衡所需的吋间。 [9] Preferably, the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further includes a auxiliary charger, and the auxiliary charger is connected to the relay group and the single chip microcomputer, and when a single battery cell with a low voltage is detected, the The microcontroller will strobe In response to the relay channel of the single cell, the auxiliary charger is controlled to recharge the single cell, which will greatly shorten the time required for balance.

[10] 较佳地，该主充电器和该辅充电器均为恒压限流充电器。 [10] Preferably, the main charger and the auxiliary charger are constant voltage current limiting chargers.

[11] 较佳地，该单片机还与一液晶显示器相连，以便于用户实吋监控充电状态。 [11] Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is also connected to a liquid crystal display, so that the user can monitor the state of charge.

[12] 较佳地，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一与该继电器组相连并对该继电器组进行控制的硬件译码器，以保证即使在单片机的非正常状态下，该继电器组仍然能够正常工作，即，任何吋刻仅选通单节电池或者不选通任何电池。 [12] Preferably, the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further includes a hardware decoder connected to the relay group and controlling the relay group to ensure the relay group even in an abnormal state of the single chip microcomputer. It still works fine, that is, it only strobes a single battery or does not strobe any battery at any time.

[13] 较佳地，该放电电路为光电隔离的放电电路，以防超过该放电电路内所含的晶体管的耐压上限。 [13] Preferably, the discharge circuit is an optically isolated discharge circuit to prevent an upper limit of the withstand voltage of the transistor contained in the discharge circuit.

[14] 较佳地，该单片机还与一蜂鸣报警器相连，以在充电状态发生异常吋，及吋向用户蜂鸣报警。 [14] Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a buzzer alarm to cause an abnormality in the state of charge, and a beep to the user.

[15] 本实用新型的另一技术方案为： [15] Another technical solution of the utility model is:

[16] 一种串联充电电池组的充电器，其包括：一主充电器，并联于该充电电池组的两极之间；一单片机，与该主充电器相连； [16] A charger for a series rechargeable battery pack, comprising: a main charger connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery pack; a single chip microcomputer connected to the main charger;

[17] 其特点在于，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括：一与该单片机相连的继电器组，该继电器组包括多个与该充电电池组中的充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个该继电器均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间；一辅充电器，该辅充电器与该继电器组和该单片机均相连。 [17] The charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further includes: a relay group connected to the single chip microcomputer, the relay group includes a plurality of relays corresponding to the rechargeable batteries in the rechargeable battery pack, each of The relays are all connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery; a secondary charger, the auxiliary charger is connected to the relay group and the single chip microcomputer.

[18] 较佳地，该主充电器和该辅充电器均为恒压限流充电器。 [18] Preferably, the main charger and the auxiliary charger are constant voltage current limiting chargers.

[19] 较佳地，该单片机还与一液晶显示器相连，以便于用户实吋监控充电状态。 [19] Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is also connected to a liquid crystal display, so that the user can monitor the state of charge.

[20] 较佳地，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一与该继电器组相连并对该继电器组进行控制的硬件译码器，以保证即使在单片机的非正常状态下，该继电器组仍然能够正常工作，即，任何吋刻仅选通单节电池或者不选通任何电池。 [20] Preferably, the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further comprises a hardware decoder connected to the relay group and controlling the relay group to ensure the relay group even in an abnormal state of the single chip microcomputer. It still works fine, that is, it only strobes a single battery or does not strobe any battery at any time.

[21] 较佳地，该单片机还与一蜂鸣报警器相连，以在充电状态发生异常吋，及吋向用户蜂鸣报警。 [21] Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a buzzer alarm to cause an abnormality in the state of charge, and a beep to the user.

[22] 本实用新型的又一技术方案为： [22] Another technical solution of the utility model is:

[23] 一种充电电池组，其包括多个串联的充电电池，其特点在于，该充电电池组还包括：一单片机；多个与该单片机相连的放电电路，该些放电电路与该些充电电池一一对应，每个该放电电路均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间；一与该单片机相连的继电器组，该继电器组包括多个与该些充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个该继电器均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间；一与该单片机相连的辅充电器，该辅充电器的输出端与该继电器组相连。 [23] A rechargeable battery pack comprising a plurality of rechargeable batteries connected in series, wherein the rechargeable battery pack further comprises: a single chip microcomputer; a plurality of discharge circuits connected to the single chip microcomputer, the discharge circuits and the charging One pair of batteries, each of the discharge circuits is connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery; a relay group connected to the single chip microcomputer, the relay group includes a plurality of relays corresponding to the rechargeable batteries, each The relays are all connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery; a secondary charger connected to the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the auxiliary charger is connected to the relay group.

[24] 较佳地，辅充电器所需补电电源取自串联电池组的两端，即经 dc-dc (direct current, 直流）降压后获得的一个恒流限压源，由此便能够不借助外接电源对该辅充电器的运行供电。 [24] Preferably, the auxiliary power supply of the auxiliary charger is taken from two ends of the series battery pack, that is, a constant current limiting source obtained by stepping down dc-dc (direct current), thereby It is possible to supply power to the auxiliary charger without using an external power source.

[25] 较佳地，该辅充电器的输入端与该充电电池组的充放电端口相连，由此便能够不借助外接电源对该辅充电器的运行供电，而是通过该充电电池组的充放电端口由该充电电池组在充电吋所连接的一外接充电器向该辅充电器供电。 [25] Preferably, the input end of the auxiliary charger is connected to the charging and discharging port of the rechargeable battery pack, so that the auxiliary charger can be powered without the external power supply, but through the rechargeable battery pack. The charging and discharging port is powered by the rechargeable battery pack to the auxiliary charger by an external charger connected to the charging port.

[26] 较佳地，该单片机设有一用于与该充电电池组的外接设备通讯的串口，以便于该单片机对外接设备进行控制。 [26] Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is provided with a serial port for communicating with an external device of the rechargeable battery pack, so that the single chip microcomputer can control the external device.

[27] 较佳地，该辅充电器为恒压限流充电器。 [27] Preferably, the auxiliary charger is a constant voltage current limiting charger.

[28] 较佳地，该单片机还与一液晶显示器相连，以便于用户实吋监控充电状态。 [28] Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is also connected to a liquid crystal display, so that the user can monitor the state of charge.

[29] 较佳地，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一与该继电器组相连并对该继电器组进行控制的硬件译码器，以保证即使在单片机的非正常状态下，该继电器组仍然能够正常工作，即，任何吋刻仅选通单节电池或者不选通任何电池。 [29] Preferably, the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further comprises a hardware decoder connected to the relay group and controlling the relay group to ensure the relay group even in an abnormal state of the single chip microcomputer. It still works fine, that is, it only strobes a single battery or does not strobe any battery at any time.

[30] 较佳地，该放电电路为光电隔离的放电电路，以防超过该放电电路内所含的晶体管的耐压上限。 Preferably, the discharge circuit is an optically isolated discharge circuit to prevent an upper limit of the withstand voltage of the transistor contained in the discharge circuit.

[31] 较佳地，该单片机还与一蜂鸣报警器相连，以在充电状态发生异常吋，及吋向用户蜂鸣报警。 [31] Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a buzzer alarm to cause an abnormality in the state of charge, and a beep to the user.

有益效果 Beneficial effect

[32] 本实用新型的积极进步效果在于：通过继电器组的设计，本实用新型中的单片机能够利用各继电器的通道切换，直接测量获得各充电电池两端的电压值，有效地避免了所有因数值转换或者分压器件性能不稳定所导致的引入误差，因此可以保证电压检测的精确性，最终实现高精度的电池平衡。进一步地，辅充电器还能够与继电器组相结合，当检测到有电压过低的单节电池吋，单片机会立即将辅充电器切换到对应该单节电池的继电器通道上，直接对该单节电池进行补充充电，非常迅速地恢复各电池间的平衡；即使在省去各放电电路的设计的情况下，也能够比较迅速地恢复各电池间的平衡，因此，节约了原先的充电方式中因放电平衡而浪费的吋间，极大地缩短了电池平衡所需的吋间，减少了整个充电过程的耗吋，提高了电能的利用效率。另外，本实用新型的充电电池组则由于在其内部结构中直接集成设置了上述的单片机、放电电路、继电器组以及辅充电器，因此，当利用一外接充电器对其进行充电吋，通过该继电器组的通道切换以及与充电同吋进行的放电和补充充电，使得该充电电池组能够自动且迅速地恢复其各电池间的平衡，从而极大地缩短完成充电所需的吋间。 [32] The positive progress of the utility model is as follows: Through the design of the relay group, the single-chip microcomputer of the utility model can utilize the channel switching of each relay to directly measure the voltage values at both ends of each rechargeable battery, thereby effectively avoiding all the numerical values. The introduction of errors caused by unstable performance of the conversion or voltage divider device ensures accurate voltage detection and ultimately achieves high-precision battery balancing. Further, the auxiliary charger can also be combined with the relay group. When a single battery cell with a low voltage is detected, the single chip microcomputer will immediately switch the auxiliary charger to the relay channel corresponding to the single battery, directly to the single Battery Recharge the battery, restore the balance between the batteries very quickly; even if the design of each discharge circuit is omitted, the balance between the batteries can be restored relatively quickly, thus saving the balance of the original charging method due to discharge The wasteful daytime greatly shortens the time required for battery balancing, reduces the consumption of the entire charging process, and improves the utilization efficiency of electric energy. In addition, the rechargeable battery pack of the present invention has the above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer, discharge circuit, relay group and auxiliary charger directly integrated in its internal structure, and therefore, when it is charged by an external charger, The switching of the relay group and the discharge and supplementary charging with the charging enable the rechargeable battery pack to automatically and quickly restore the balance between the batteries, thereby greatly reducing the time required to complete the charging.

附图说明 DRAWINGS

[33] 图 1为现有的第一种充电方式的原理示意图。 [33] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the first charging method.

[34] 图 2为现有的第二种充电方式的原理示意图。 [34] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the second charging method.

[35] 图 3为本实用新型的串联充电电池组的充电器的第一实施例的结构示意图。 [35] FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a charger for a series rechargeable battery pack of the present invention.

[36] 图 4为本实用新型的串联充电电池组的充电器的第二实施例的结构示意图。 [36] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a charger for a series rechargeable battery pack of the present invention.

[37] 图 5为本实用新型的串联充电电池组的充电器的第三实施例的结构示意图。 [37] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a charger for a series rechargeable battery pack of the present invention.

[38] 图 6为本实用新型的充电电池组的结构示意图。 [38] FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rechargeable battery pack of the present invention.

本发明的最佳实施方式 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[39] [39]

本发明的实施方式 Embodiments of the invention

[40] 下面结合附图给出本实用新型较佳实施例，以详细说明本实用新型的技术方案 [41] 实施例 1 [40] The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to explain the technical solution of the present invention in detail. [41] Embodiment 1

[42] 本实施例的串联充电电池组的充电器可以适用于给各种大容量的动力电池充电的场合，例如多节串联的锂电池组或磷酸铁锂电池组等等，特别适用于电池数量达到 10节以上的电池组的充电。 [42] The charger of the series rechargeable battery pack of the present embodiment can be applied to a case where various large-capacity power batteries are charged, such as a multi-section lithium battery pack or a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, etc., and is particularly suitable for a battery. Charging of battery packs with more than 10 knots.

[43] 如图 3所示，该串联充电电池组的充电器包括：一主充电器 1，并联于电池组 2 的两极之间，用于对整个电池组 2进行充电，其中该电池组 2由多节相互串联的充电电池组成；一单片机 ₃，与主充电器 1相连；多个与单片机 3相连的放电电路 4，这些放电电路 4与电池组 2中的充电电池一一对应，每个放电电路 4均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间；特别地，本实用新型还包括一与单片机 3相连的继电器组 5，该继电器组 5包括多个与电池组 2中的充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个继电器均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间，其中该继电器可以选用市售可得的各种继电器。 [43] As shown in FIG. 3, the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack includes: a main charger 1 connected in parallel between the two poles of the battery pack 2 for charging the entire battery pack 2, wherein the battery pack 2 The utility model is composed of a plurality of rechargeable batteries connected in series with each other; a single-chip microcomputer ₃ connected to the main charger 1; a plurality of discharge circuits 4 connected to the single-chip microcomputer 3, the discharge circuits 4 corresponding to the rechargeable batteries in the battery pack 2, one for each The discharge circuit 4 is connected in parallel In particular, the present invention further includes a relay group 5 connected to the single chip microcomputer 3, the relay group 5 including a plurality of relays corresponding to the rechargeable batteries in the battery pack 2, each of which The relays are all connected in parallel between the two poles of the rechargeable battery, wherein the relay can be selected from various commercially available relays.

[44] 继电器组 5中的这些继电器构成了多条与电池组 2中的充电电池一一对应的通道，而单片机 3则可以根据需要灵活地控制这些通道的选通与切断。进行切换吋，由于每个继电器均直接并联于单个充电电池的两极之间，单节电池电压很低，并且远小于串联电池组 2的电压，所以单片机 3可以在绝对测量误差很小的前提下，通过任意一个继电器精确地测量获得与该继电器相对应的充电电池上的电压值。单片机 3每隔一预设吋间对电池组 2中的各个充电电池的当前电压进行扫描检测，并根据当前电压的平均值预设一电压精度范围，然后，当检测到有一个或多个电池的电压过高偏离出该电压精度范围吋，单片机 3会控制与这些电池相对应的放电电路 4进行放电，从而迅速恢复各电池间的平衡，加快充电进程。 [44] These relays in relay group 5 form a number of channels that correspond one-to-one with the rechargeable batteries in battery pack 2, while microcontroller 3 can flexibly control the gating and switching of these channels as needed. After switching, since each relay is directly connected in parallel between the two poles of a single rechargeable battery, the single cell voltage is very low, and is much smaller than the voltage of the series battery pack 2, so the single chip 3 can be under the premise that the absolute measurement error is small. The voltage value on the rechargeable battery corresponding to the relay is obtained by accurately measuring by any one of the relays. The single chip microcomputer 3 scans the current voltage of each rechargeable battery in the battery pack 2 every predetermined time, and presets a voltage precision range according to the average value of the current voltage, and then, when one or more batteries are detected When the voltage is too high to deviate from the voltage accuracy range, the single chip microcomputer 3 controls the discharge circuit 4 corresponding to the batteries to discharge, thereby quickly restoring the balance between the batteries and speeding up the charging process.

[45] 其中，该主充电器可以选用市售可得的各种充电器，较佳地选用恒压限流充电器。 [45] Among them, the main charger can be selected from various commercially available chargers, and a constant voltage current limiting charger is preferably used.

[46] 其中，该单片机 3的上述功能均通过现有的软件编程实现，故在此不再赞述。 [46] Among them, the above functions of the single chip microcomputer 3 are all realized by the existing software programming, so it is not mentioned here.

[47] 在本实施例中，对继电器组 5既可釆用软件译码进行控制，也可釆用一与继电器组 5相连的硬件译码器（图中未示）对该继电器组 5进行控制，但优选后者。因为由单片机 ₃执行的软件译码并不能完全保证其使用可靠性，当单片机 ₃工作异常吋，就会随即导致继电器组 5的工作异常，但是在釆用硬件译码器的情况下，即使单片机 3处于非正常工作状态，继电器组 5仍然能够保持正常工作，即，任何吋刻仅选通单节电池或者不选通任何电池，由此确保对电池组 2的正常充电 [47] In this embodiment, the relay group 5 can be controlled by software decoding, or a hardware decoder (not shown) connected to the relay group 5 can be used to perform the relay group 5. Control, but the latter is preferred. Because the software decoding executed by the MCU ₃ can not fully guarantee the reliability of its use, when the MCU ₃ works abnormally, it will cause the operation of the relay group 5 to be abnormal, but in the case of using the hardware decoder, even if the MCU 3 is in abnormal working state, relay group 5 can still maintain normal operation, that is, only one battery is strobed or no battery is selected at any moment, thereby ensuring normal charging of battery pack 2.

[48] 本实施例中的放电电路 4可以釆用各种现有的能够对充电电池实现放电功能的电路结构，较佳地选用光电隔离的放电电路，以防超过放电电路 4内所含的晶体管的耐压上限，保证器件的使用可靠性。 [48] The discharge circuit 4 in this embodiment can adopt various existing circuit structures capable of realizing a discharge function for a rechargeable battery, and preferably a photoelectric isolation discharge circuit is adopted to prevent exceeding the discharge circuit 4 The upper voltage limit of the transistor ensures the reliability of the device.

[49] 另外，还可以将单片机 3分别与一液晶显示器（LCD) 7和 /或一蜂鸣报警器 8相连，进一步地，在本实施例的串联充电电池组的充电器的封装面板上还可以设置有控制按键。用户可以通过控制按键对该串联充电电池组的充电器的各个内部组件进行控制，并且，该控制按键还可以设计为与液晶显示器 7配合使用，从而通过液晶显示器 7的实吋显示和对控制按键的操作，用户可以实吋监控所有电池的充电状态。而利用蜂鸣报警器 8，当发生工作状态异常吋，例如发生通道切换异常吋，单片机 3便可以在立即停止充电的同吋向用户蜂鸣报警，如果还配合有液晶显示器 7的话，还可以将故障情况及吋地显示在屏幕上供用户参考。 [49] In addition, the single chip microcomputer 3 may be connected to a liquid crystal display (LCD) 7 and/or a buzzer alarm 8, respectively, and further, on the package panel of the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack of the embodiment. Can be set There are control buttons. The user can control various internal components of the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack through a control button, and the control button can also be designed to be used together with the liquid crystal display 7, thereby realizing the actual display and the control button through the liquid crystal display 7. The operation allows the user to monitor the state of charge of all batteries. By using the buzzer alarm 8, when a working state abnormality occurs, for example, a channel switching abnormality occurs, the single chip microcomputer 3 can beep to the user at the same time that the charging is stopped immediately, and if the liquid crystal display 7 is also matched, Display the fault condition and the ground on the screen for the user's reference.

[50] 实施例 2 [50] Example 2

[51] 本实施例与实施例 1的不同之处在于，如图 4所示，在该串联充电电池组的充电器中增设一辅充电器 6，该辅充电器 6与继电器组 5和单片机 3均相连，而本实施例的其余结构均与实施例 i相同。此吋，当检测到有一个或多个电池的电压过高偏离出该电压精度范围吋，单片机 3会控制与这些电池相对应的放电电路 4进行放电；与此同吋，针对当前检测到的电压过低的单节电池，单片机 3则会对继电器组 5进行通道选择，将辅充电器 6切换至对应该单节电池的继电器通道上，从而利用辅充电器 6单独对该单节电池进行补充充电（补电）。由此，得益于同吋进行的主充电器 1的充电、放电电路 4的放电和辅充电器 6的补电，能够迅速地恢复各电池间的平衡，加快充电进程。 [51] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 4, a auxiliary charger 6 is added to the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack, the auxiliary charger 6 and the relay group 5 and the single chip microcomputer 3 are all connected, and the rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment i. Thereafter, when it is detected that the voltage of one or more batteries is too high to deviate from the voltage accuracy range, the single chip microcomputer 3 controls the discharge circuit 4 corresponding to the batteries to discharge; meanwhile, for the currently detected When the voltage is too low, the single-chip battery 3 will select the channel of the relay group 5, and switch the auxiliary charger 6 to the relay channel corresponding to the single-cell battery, thereby separately using the auxiliary charger 6 to perform the single-cell battery. Supplementary charging (charge). As a result, thanks to the charging of the main charger 1 by the peer, the discharge of the discharge circuit 4, and the replenishment of the auxiliary charger 6, the balance between the batteries can be quickly restored, and the charging process can be accelerated.

[52] 其中，该辅充电器可以选用市售可得的各种充电器，较佳地选用恒压限流充电器。 [52] Among them, the auxiliary charger can be selected from various commercially available chargers, and a constant voltage current limiting charger is preferably used.

[53] 实施例 3 [53] Example 3

[54] 本实施例与实施例 2的不同之处在于，如图 5所示，省去了实施例 2中的各个放电电路 4的结构，而本实施例的其余结构均与实施例 2相同。此吋，单片机 3仅对检测到的电压过低的单节电池进行补充充电（补电），即单片机 3会对继电器组 5进行通道选择，将辅充电器 6切换至对应该单节电池的继电器通道上，从而利用辅充电器 6单独对该单节电池进行补充充电。由此，得益于同吋进行的主充电器 1的充电和辅充电器 6的补电，能够迅速地恢复各电池间的平衡，加快充电进程。 [54] The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 5, the structure of each of the discharge circuits 4 in the second embodiment is omitted, and the rest of the structure of the embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment. . Therefore, the single-chip microcomputer 3 only performs supplementary charging (charge) on the single-cell battery whose detected voltage is too low, that is, the single-chip microcomputer 3 selects the channel of the relay group 5, and switches the auxiliary charger 6 to correspond to the single-cell battery. On the relay channel, the single battery is separately charged by the auxiliary charger 6. As a result, thanks to the charging of the main charger 1 and the replenishment of the auxiliary charger 6, the balance between the batteries can be quickly restored and the charging process can be accelerated.

[55] 实施例 4 [55] Example 4

[56] 本实施例提供了一种充电电池组，如图 6所示，本实施例将实施例 2中的电池组 2与实施例 2的充电器中除主充电器 1之外的所有其余结构进行了一体化集成封装，从而形成了一种新型的具有电池自动平衡功能的充电电池组。即，该充电电池组的内部结构中除了由多节相互串联的充电电池组成的电池组 2之外，还集成有以下组件，其中，这些组件均与实施例 2中的相应组件具有相同的结构：一单片机 3 ; 多个与单片机 3相连的放电电路 4，这些放电电路 4与电池组 2中的充电电池一一对应，每个放电电路 4均并联于一个充电电池的两极之间；一与单片机 3 相连的继电器组 5，该继电器组 5包括多个与电池组 2中的充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个继电器均并联于一个充电电池的两极之间；一与单片机 3相连的辅充电器 6，该辅充电器 6的输出端与继电器组 5相连。 [56] This embodiment provides a rechargeable battery pack. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery pack in the embodiment 2 is used in this embodiment. 2 All the other structures except the main charger 1 in the charger of the embodiment 2 are integrally integrated and packaged, thereby forming a novel rechargeable battery pack having the battery automatic balancing function. That is, in the internal structure of the rechargeable battery pack, in addition to the battery pack 2 composed of a plurality of rechargeable batteries connected in series with each other, the following components are integrated, wherein these components have the same structure as the corresponding components in the embodiment 2 a single-chip microcomputer 3; a plurality of discharge circuits 4 connected to the single-chip microcomputer 3, the discharge circuits 4 are in one-to-one correspondence with the rechargeable batteries in the battery pack 2, and each of the discharge circuits 4 is connected in parallel between the two poles of one rechargeable battery; The relay group 5 connected to the single chip microcomputer 3, the relay group 5 includes a plurality of relays corresponding to the rechargeable batteries in the battery pack 2, each of the relays being connected in parallel between the two poles of one rechargeable battery; The charger 6, the output of the auxiliary charger 6, is connected to the relay group 5.

[57] 由此，当利用一外接充电器 9通过该充电电池组的充放电端口对该充电电池组进行充电的同吋，单片机 3会每隔一预设吋间对电池组 2中的各个充电电池的当前电压进行扫描检测，并根据当前电压的平均值预设一电压精度范围，当检测到有一个或多个电池的电压过高偏离出该电压精度范围吋，单片机 3会控制与这些电池相对应的放电电路 4进行放电；与此同吋，针对当前检测到的电压过低的单节电池，单片机 3则会对继电器组 5进行通道选择，将辅充电器 6切换至对应该单节电池的继电器通道上，从而利用辅充电器 6单独对该单节电池进行补充充电 [57] Thus, when an external charger 9 is used to charge the rechargeable battery pack through the charging and discharging port of the rechargeable battery pack, the single-chip microcomputer 3 will treat each of the battery packs 2 every predetermined time. The current voltage of the rechargeable battery is scanned and detected, and a voltage accuracy range is preset according to the average value of the current voltage. When it is detected that the voltage of one or more batteries is too high to deviate from the voltage accuracy range, the single chip microcomputer 3 controls these The discharge circuit 4 corresponding to the battery is discharged; at the same time, for the single-cell battery whose current detected voltage is too low, the single-chip microcomputer 3 performs channel selection for the relay group 5, and switches the auxiliary charger 6 to the corresponding single. The battery is relayed on the relay channel, so that the single battery is separately charged by the auxiliary charger 6

(补电）。由此，得益于同吋进行的外接充电器 9的充电、放电电路 4的放电和辅充电器 6的补电，本实施例的充电电池组能够自动且迅速地恢复各电池间的平衡，缩短充电所需的吋间。 (recharge). Thereby, the rechargeable battery pack of the present embodiment can automatically and quickly restore the balance between the batteries, thanks to the charging of the external charger 9, the discharge of the discharge circuit 4, and the charging of the auxiliary charger 6. Shorten the time required for charging.

[58] 另外，如图 6所示，本实施例中的辅充电器 6还可以进一步地比实施例 2中的辅充电器 6增加以下设计：辅充电器 6所需的补电电源取自串联电池组 2的两端，也就是经 dc-dc降压后获得一个恒流限压源，由此便能够不借助外接电源对辅充电器 6的运行供电。也可以选择将辅充电器 6的输入端与本实施例的充电电池组的充放电端口相连，这样在进行充电吋，同样能够不借助外接电源对辅充电器 6的运行供电，而是通过该充电电池组的充放电端口由外接充电器 9向辅充电器 6供电。当然，更佳地，可以将辅充电器 6的输入端同吋并联于电池组 2的两极之间并与该充电电池组的充放电端口相连，以在不利用外接电源的情况下，更好地为辅充电器 6供电。其中，该 DC-DC转换器通过市售可得。 [59] 另外，如图 6所示，本实施例中的单片机 3还可以进一步地比实施例 2中的单片机 3增加以下设计：本实施例中的单片机 3还可以设置一用于与该充电电池组的外接设备进行通讯的串口，此吋，该外接设备上自然也需要配备有与单片机 3通讯所需的相应串口。该外接设备可以为例如外接充电器 9，单片机 3通过该串口对外接充电器 9进行控制，例如控制外接充电器 9的启动和停止等等。 [58] In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the auxiliary charger 6 in this embodiment may further increase the following design than the auxiliary charger 6 in Embodiment 2: the power supply required for the auxiliary charger 6 is taken from The two ends of the series battery pack 2, that is, the dc-dc step-down, obtain a constant current limiting source, thereby enabling the auxiliary charger 6 to be powered without the aid of an external power source. Alternatively, the input end of the auxiliary charger 6 can be connected to the charging and discharging port of the rechargeable battery pack of the embodiment, so that after charging, the power supply of the auxiliary charger 6 can be powered without using an external power source, but The charging and discharging port of the rechargeable battery pack is supplied with power from the external charger 9 to the auxiliary charger 6. Of course, more preferably, the input end of the auxiliary charger 6 can be connected in parallel between the two poles of the battery pack 2 and connected to the charging and discharging port of the rechargeable battery pack, so that it is better without using an external power source. The ground power is supplied to the auxiliary charger 6. Among them, the DC-DC converter is commercially available. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the single chip microcomputer 3 in this embodiment can further add the following design to the single chip microcomputer 3 in the second embodiment: the single chip microcomputer 3 in this embodiment can also be provided with a charging device. The serial port of the battery pack's external device communicates. Therefore, the external device also needs to be equipped with the corresponding serial port required for communication with the MCU 3. The external device can be, for example, an external charger 9 through which the single-chip microcomputer 3 controls the external charger 9, for example, controlling the start and stop of the external charger 9.

[60] 该外接充电器 9可以选用市售可得的各种充电器，较佳地选用恒压限流充电器 [60] The external charger 9 can be selected from various commercially available chargers, preferably using a constant voltage current limiting charger.

[61] 本实施例中关于硬件译码器、放电电路、液晶显示器和蜂鸣报警器的设计均与实施例 2相同，故在此不再赞述。 [61] The design of the hardware decoder, the discharge circuit, the liquid crystal display, and the buzzer alarm in this embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment, and therefore will not be described here.

[62] 综上所述，本实用新型的串联充电电池组的充电器以及充电电池组不但电池平衡精度高，而且实现平衡所需的吋间短，能够极大地缩短完成充电的吋间并提高电能的利用效率。 [62] In summary, the charger and the rechargeable battery pack of the series rechargeable battery pack of the present invention not only have high battery balance precision, but also have short turns required for balance, which can greatly shorten the time for completing charging and improve The efficiency of the use of electrical energy.

[63] 虽然以上描述了本实用新型的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这些仅是举例说明，在不背离本实用新型的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改。因此，本实用新型的保护范围由所附权利要求书限定。 While the invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the embodiments of the invention A variety of changes or modifications. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

工业实用性 Industrial applicability

[64] [64]

序列表自由内容 Sequence table free content

[65] [65]

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

[1] 一种串联充电电池组的充电器，其包括： [1] A charger for a series rechargeable battery pack, comprising:

一主充电器，并联于该充电电池组的两极之间； a main charger connected in parallel between the two poles of the rechargeable battery pack;

一单片机，与该主充电器相连； a single chip microcomputer, connected to the main charger;

多个与该单片机相连的放电电路，这些放电电路与该充电电池组中的充电电池一一对应，每个该放电电路均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间；其特征在于，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一与该单片机相连的继电器组，该继电器组包括多个与该充电电池组中的充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个该继电器均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间。 a plurality of discharge circuits connected to the single chip, the discharge circuits are in one-to-one correspondence with the rechargeable batteries in the rechargeable battery pack, each of the discharge circuits being connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery; wherein the series charging The battery pack charger further includes a relay group connected to the single chip microcomputer, the relay group including a plurality of relays corresponding to the rechargeable batteries in the rechargeable battery pack, each of the relays being connected in parallel to one pole of the rechargeable battery between.

[2] 如权利要求 1所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一辅充电器，该辅充电器与该继电器组和该单片机均相连。 [2] The charger of the series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further comprises a auxiliary charger connected to the relay group and the single chip microcomputer. .

[3] 如权利要求 2所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该主充电器和该辅充电器均为恒压限流充电器。 [3] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the main charger and the auxiliary charger are both constant voltage current limiting chargers.

[4] 如权利要求 1所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该单片机还与一液晶显示器相连。 [4] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a liquid crystal display.

[5] 如权利要求 1所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一与该继电器组相连并对该继电器组进行控制的硬件译码器。 [5] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further comprises a hardware decoder connected to the relay group and controlling the relay group. .

[6] 如权利要求 1所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该放电电路为光电隔离的放电电路。 [6] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the discharge circuit is a photoelectrically isolated discharge circuit.

[7] 如权利要求 1所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该单片机还与一蜂鸣报警器相连。 [7] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a buzzer alarm.

[8] 一种串联充电电池组的充电器，其包括： [8] A charger for a series rechargeable battery pack, comprising:

其特征在于，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括： The charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further includes:

一与该单片机相连的继电器组，该继电器组包括多个与该充电电池组中的充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个该继电器均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间； a relay group connected to the single chip microcomputer, the relay group including a plurality of and the rechargeable battery pack Rechargeable batteries are one-to-one relays, each of which is connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery;

一辅充电器，该辅充电器与该继电器组和该单片机均相连。 A auxiliary charger, the auxiliary charger is connected to the relay group and the single chip microcomputer.

[9] 如权利要求 8所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该主充电器和该辅充电器均为恒压限流充电器。 [9] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the main charger and the auxiliary charger are both constant voltage current limiting chargers.

[10] 如权利要求 8所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该单片机还与一液晶显示器相连。 [10] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a liquid crystal display.

[11] 如权利要求 8所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该串联充电电池组的充电器还包括一与该继电器组相连并对该继电器组进行控制的硬件译码器。 [11] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the charger of the series rechargeable battery pack further comprises a hardware decoder connected to the relay group and controlling the relay group .

[12] 如权利要求 8所述的串联充电电池组的充电器，其特征在于，该单片机还与一蜂鸣报警器相连。 [12] The charger for a series rechargeable battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a buzzer alarm.

[13] —种充电电池组，其包括多个串联的充电电池，其特征在于，该充电电池组还包括： [13] A rechargeable battery pack comprising a plurality of rechargeable batteries connected in series, wherein the rechargeable battery pack further comprises:

一单片机； a single chip microcomputer;

多个与该单片机相连的放电电路，该些放电电路与该些充电电池一一对应 a plurality of discharge circuits connected to the single chip, the discharge circuits and the rechargeable batteries are in one-to-one correspondence

，每个该放电电路均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间； Each of the discharge circuits is connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery;

一与该单片机相连的继电器组，该继电器组包括多个与该些充电电池一一对应的继电器，每个该继电器均并联于一个该充电电池的两极之间；一与该单片机相连的辅充电器，该辅充电器的输出端与该继电器组相连。 a relay group connected to the single chip microcomputer, the relay group includes a plurality of relays corresponding to the rechargeable batteries, each of the relays being connected in parallel between two poles of the rechargeable battery; a secondary charging connected to the single chip microcomputer The output of the auxiliary charger is connected to the relay group.

[14] 如权利要求 13所述的充电电池组，其特征在于，该辅充电器的输入端与该充电电池组的充放电端口相连。 [14] The rechargeable battery pack according to claim 13, wherein an input end of the auxiliary charger is connected to a charge and discharge port of the rechargeable battery pack.

[15] 如权利要求 13所述的充电电池组，其特征在于，该单片机设有一用于与该充电电池组的外接设备通讯的串口。 [15] The rechargeable battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the single chip microcomputer is provided with a serial port for communicating with an external device of the rechargeable battery pack.

[16] 如权利要求 13所述的充电电池组，其特征在于，该辅充电器为恒压限流充电器。 [16] The rechargeable battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the auxiliary charger is a constant voltage current limiting charger.

[17] 如权利要求 13所述的充电电池组，其特征在于，该单片机还与一液晶显示器相连。 [17] The rechargeable battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a liquid crystal display.

[18] 如权利要求 13所述的充电电池组，其特征在于，该充电电池组还包括一与该继电器组相连并对该继电器组进行控制的硬件译码器。 [18] The rechargeable battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the rechargeable battery pack further comprises a hardware decoder connected to the relay group and controlling the relay group.

[19] 如权利要求 13所述的充电电池组，其特征在于，该放电电路为光电隔离的放电电路。 [19] The rechargeable battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the discharge circuit is a photoelectrically isolated discharge circuit.

[20] 如权利要求 13所述的充电电池组，其特征在于，该单片机还与一蜂鸣报警器相连。 [20] The rechargeable battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the single chip microcomputer is further connected to a buzzer alarm.