WO2011007505A1 - Treatment method for waste material generated through crude palm oil production process - Google Patents

Treatment method for waste material generated through crude palm oil production process Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011007505A1
WO2011007505A1 PCT/JP2010/004222 JP2010004222W WO2011007505A1 WO 2011007505 A1 WO2011007505 A1 WO 2011007505A1 JP 2010004222 W JP2010004222 W JP 2010004222W WO 2011007505 A1 WO2011007505 A1 WO 2011007505A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
palm oil
water
crude palm
oil
waste
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PCT/JP2010/004222
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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野口和利
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Noguchi Kazutoshi
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Publication of WO2011007505A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011007505A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50209—Compacting waste before burning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the processing method of the waste material which came out from the manufacture process of crude palm oil.
  • Palm oil produced from oil palm is a vegetable oil that is a raw material for food.
  • the production amount of palm oil is extremely large. Malaysia and Indonesia are the two major producers of palm oil. Japan imports a large amount of palm oil from these countries and consumes it as raw materials for margarine, fried oil such as instant noodles and snacks, cooking oil, detergents, soaps, paints, inks and cosmetics.
  • Palm oil is manufactured through the following processes (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Oil palm fruit bunches are harvested at the plantation and transported to a palm oil manufacturing plant near the plantation. The fruit bunches transported to the palm oil factory are treated at high temperature with steam. This high temperature treatment decomposes the lipase contained in the fruit bunches. The high temperature processed fruit bunches are put into a rotating drum. Individual fruits fall out of the fruit bunches in the rotating drum. Fruit bunches from which fruits have fallen become empty fruit bunches. The fruit dropped from the fruit bunches is pressed to produce crude palm oil. Crude palm oil is refined into palm oil.
  • Seeds remain after squeezing crude palm oil from the fruit. This seed is divided into shells and nuclei. And palm kernel oil is manufactured from a nucleus. Moreover, in a palm oil manufacturing factory, various wastes come out from the manufacturing process of crude palm oil. The main waste is waste liquid and empty fruit bunch. The waste liquid contains solid matter derived from oil palm, water, and crude palm oil. The waste liquid is processed in the processing pond. Moreover, empty fruit bunches are piled up and left around the palm oil manufacturing factory.
  • empty fruit bunch refers to a portion where fruit is excluded from the fruit bunch.
  • An empty fruit bunch produced from the process of producing crude palm oil is simply referred to as “empty fruit bunch”, and a waste liquid produced from the process of producing crude palm oil is simply referred to as “waste liquid”.
  • the biochemical oxygen demand is simply referred to as “BOD”.
  • waste liquid When waste liquid is treated in a treatment pond, there are the following problems.
  • the residence time of the waste liquid in the treatment pond is long. For this reason, a very large amount of waste liquid must be stored in the treatment pond, and a vast treatment pond is required.
  • the waste liquid must be prevented from leaking from the treatment pond to the surrounding environment, and appropriate management is required. Therefore, it is not preferable to treat the waste liquid in the treatment pond from the viewpoint of treatment efficiency.
  • methane gas is generated from the wastewater from the treatment pond. Methane gas generated from waste liquid contributes to global warming. Also from this point, it is not preferable to treat the waste liquid in the treatment pond. Furthermore, the amount of empty fruit bunches from the production process of crude palm oil is extremely large. Leaving a large amount of empty fruit bunches around the palm oil manufacturing plant causes the environment surrounding the palm oil manufacturing plant to deteriorate. For example, a left empty fruit bunch will rot, and insects will erupt in the decayed empty fruit bunch. Insects that live in empty fruit bunches can cause humans and animals to become infected with pathogenic bacteria.
  • the discarded empty fruit bunch had a calorific value of 6984 kJ / kg.
  • the object of the present invention is to efficiently treat waste produced from the production process of crude palm oil, and to effectively use this waste. It is to provide a method for treating waste produced from the manufacturing process of palm oil.
  • a method for treating waste produced from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 1 includes a first step of squeezing an empty fruit bunch of oil palm produced from the process for producing crude palm oil, and the first process.
  • the empty fruit bunches are tufted.
  • this tufted empty fruit bunch is squeezed, the empty fruit bunch breaks apart and becomes a remnant. At this time, the hard core of the empty fruit bunch is also broken.
  • the first step it is possible to heat the empty fruit bunch with steam and squeeze the heated empty fruit bunch. Empty fruit bunches are heated by steam and become soft. Thereby, pressing in the first step is facilitated. In the first step, it is possible to crush empty fruit bunches and squeeze the ground empty fruit bunches. Thereby, pressing in the first step is facilitated.
  • the first step it is possible to heat the empty fruit bunch with steam, to crush the heated empty fruit bunch and to squeeze the ground empty fruit bunch. Thereby, pressing in a 1st process becomes easier.
  • the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch is squeezed.
  • Crude palm oil is squeezed and collected.
  • the seed core is squeezed together with the fruit. Palm kernel oil enters the crude palm oil recovered from the first step.
  • the crude palm oil adhering to the empty fruit bunch enters into the crude palm oil recovered from the first step.
  • the crude palm oil adhering to the empty fruit bunch remains burned.
  • the remnants of empty fruit bunches are likely to burn in the second step.
  • a large amount of water is contained in the remnants of the empty fruit bunch.
  • the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from empty fruit bunches and their debris. This hydrolysis reduces the water contained in the empty fruit bunches and their debris.
  • high-temperature exhaust gas is generated from a furnace that burns empty fruit bunch debris. The heat of the exhaust gas is effectively used as a heat source for heating in the second step.
  • the heat generated from the furnace that burns the remnants of empty fruit bunches in the second step can be used for various purposes.
  • steam can be generated in the boiler by this heat.
  • oil such as lubricating oil can be heated by this heat.
  • This heated oil can be used as a heat transfer medium.
  • the moisture content of the empty fruit bunches was about 80% by weight.
  • the moisture content of the empty fruit bunch debris after squeezing was reduced to about 65% by weight.
  • the empty fruit bunch debris was heated by the exhaust gas from the furnace that burns the empty fruit bunch debris, the water content of the empty fruit bunch debris decreased to about 45% by weight.
  • the exhaust gas temperature of the furnace at this time was 350 degreeC. Accordingly, heating the empty fruit bunch debris with the furnace exhaust gas is effective in reducing the moisture content of the empty fruit bunch debris.
  • a method for treating waste discharged from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 2 is a method for treating waste discharged from a process for producing crude palm oil according to claim 1, wherein the second In this step, when the empty fruit bunch debris is heated, the empty fruit bunch debris is agitated, and in the second step, the exhaust gas from the furnace that burns the empty fruit bunch remains is agitated. Direct contact with the wreckage of the bunch.
  • Crude palm oil contains palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and also contains ⁇ -carotene.
  • palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid are heated at temperatures exceeding 200 ° C., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids are produced.
  • ⁇ -carotene is heated at a temperature exceeding 200 ° C., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are produced.
  • ash remains when the remains of empty fruit bunches are burned in a furnace. This ash contains chlorine. And in the furnace which burns an empty fruit bunch, iron originating in the parts which constitute a furnace exists.
  • dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds are harmful substances.
  • dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds may be generated depending on the temperature conditions in the furnace. For example, when the operation of the furnace is started or stopped, the temperature in the furnace temporarily becomes 300 to 350 ° C.
  • the empty fruit bunch debris that is being stirred directly contacts the exhaust gas of the furnace that burns the empty fruit bunch debris. Even if the dust in the exhaust gas contains dioxins or aromatic chlorine compounds, the dust is captured by the remnants of the empty fruit bunch being stirred. Accordingly, dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds are removed from the exhaust gas. Dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds trapped in the empty fruit bunch are burned in the furnace along with the empty fruit bunch and decomposed.
  • a method for treating waste from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 3 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 1 or claim 2.
  • wind is applied to the empty fruit bunch remnants to evaporate at least a portion of the water contained in the empty fruit bunch remnants.
  • the evaporation of water from the empty fruit bunches is promoted.
  • the empty fruit bunches immediately after the crude palm oil production process has a high temperature due to the high temperature treatment in the production process.
  • the temperature of such an empty fruit bunch was 50-60 ° C.
  • the remnants of the empty fruit bunch after the first step are kept at a high temperature.
  • wind is applied to such empty fruit bunch debris, the evaporation of water from the empty fruit bunch remains more accelerated.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 4 came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 1-3.
  • the empty fruit bunch remnants are heated to 120 to 200 ° C. in the waste treatment method.
  • the empty fruit bunch debris is heated to a temperature exceeding 200 ° C.
  • polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids may be generated from the crude palm oil adhering to the empty fruit bunch debris.
  • the empty fruit bunch debris is heated to a temperature of less than 120 ° C.
  • the evaporation rate of water from the empty fruit bunch remains slow.
  • the drying speed of the empty fruit bunch remains slow. Therefore, in the second step, it is preferable to heat the empty fruit bunch debris to 120-200 ° C.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 5 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil of any one of Claims 1-4
  • a waste treatment method wherein a third step of separating water from the waste liquid produced from the production process of the crude palm oil and taking out the crude palm oil and solids from the waste liquid, and the third step
  • the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in step 4 are heated under reduced pressure to evaporate water, and the crude palm oil and solid matter remaining after the water evaporates are mixed to form a first mixture. It has these processes.
  • Waste liquid contains water, solids and crude palm oil. Solid matter and crude palm oil in the waste liquid are derived from oil palm. In particular, the solid contains a large amount of pulp. Crude palm oil and solids in the waste liquid can be used as feed and feed materials. Moreover, crude palm oil and solids in the waste liquid can be used as fertilizer and compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer and compost.
  • the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out from the waste liquid contain a lot of water. For this reason, it is highly fluid and difficult to handle. Water is evaporated from the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out of the waste liquid. This facilitates handling of crude palm oil and solids. When the crude palm oil and the solid are heated in a reduced pressure environment, the boiling point of water is lowered and water is easily evaporated. In addition, carboxylic acid triglycerides are hydrolyzed in crude palm oil. This hydrolysis takes water from the crude palm oil and solids.
  • the first mixture can be used as feed or feed material.
  • the first mixture can be used as a fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for the fertilizer or compost.
  • the waste liquid When separating water from waste liquid, for example, the waste liquid is left in a container. When the waste liquid is allowed to stand, water, crude palm oil, and solids in the waste liquid are separated by gravity. Crude palm oil floats on the surface of the waste liquid, and solids settle to the bottom of the waste liquid. Crude palm oil floating on the surface of the waste liquid is easily removed by scraping or the like.
  • the waste liquid When taking out the solid matter from the waste liquid, for example, the waste liquid is put in a container, and the filter is submerged in the waste liquid. Alternatively, the waste liquid is put in a container or the like in which a filter is previously placed. The filter captures solids in the waste liquid. And a solid substance is taken out from a filter. The case where the solid is captured by flowing the waste liquid through the filter in the air is compared with the case where the solid is captured by the filter placed in the waste liquid. According to the knowledge of the present inventor, the filter is less likely to be clogged in the latter case.
  • a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 6 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 5, wherein In the step, the crude palm oil squeezed and squeezed from the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch of the oil palm in the first step, together with the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in the third step The mixture is heated under reduced pressure to evaporate water, and the crude palm oil and solids remaining after the water evaporates are mixed to form a first mixture.
  • the crude palm oil obtained from the first step contains palm kernel oil. And the crude palm oil obtained from a 1st process becomes a part of 1st mixture.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 7 is a processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil of Claim 5 or Claim 6,
  • the heat source for heating in the fourth step burns steam generated from a boiler whose heat source is a furnace that burns the empty debris in the second step, and burns the empty debris in the second step One or both of oil heated using a furnace as a heat source.
  • the heat generated from the furnace for burning the empty fruit bunch debris in the second step is effectively used as a heat source for heating in the fourth step.
  • the heating heat source in the fourth step is heated oil
  • oleic acid or lubricating oil can be used as the heating oil.
  • Oleic acid is one of the main components of crude palm oil. If a palm oil manufacturing plant is nearby, oleic acid can be easily obtained.
  • the melting point of oleic acid is 16.3 ° C. In the tropics, oleic acid remains liquid. Even when the air temperature is lower than the melting point of oleic acid, oleic acid is immediately liquefied by the heat of the furnace that burns the remnants of empty fruit bunches. It is also possible to directly heat the oil by the heat of the furnace that burns the remnants of the empty fruit bunches. It is also possible to heat the oil indirectly by steam from a boiler using this furnace as a heat source.
  • the crude palm oil and solids are heated to 120 to 200 ° C. under a reduced pressure environment.
  • the crude palm oil is heated to 120-200 ° C. Therefore, generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids is prevented. Also, the evaporation rate of water from the crude palm oil and the solid is not too slow.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil based on invention of Claim 9 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 5-8
  • the steam generated from the crude palm oil and the solid is condensed into water.
  • Various components derived from oil palm are contained in the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter. These components go into the water that condenses in the fourth step.
  • a method for treating a waste product from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 10 is a method for treating a waste product produced from the process for producing crude palm oil according to claim 9, wherein
  • the condensed water is filtered using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium.
  • the filter medium that has been used after filtering the water in the fourth step is used as an empty fruit. Burn in the furnace with the remains of the bunch.
  • the BOD of the water condensed in the fourth process is high. When this condensed water is filtered, the BOD decreases.
  • the filtered water can be used for various purposes.
  • Oil palm seed shells emerge from the process of producing palm kernel oil.
  • the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell is effectively used as a filter medium. This carbide is obtained, for example, by steaming an oil palm seed shell. Spent filter media is burned together with empty fruit bunch debris.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil based on invention of Claim 11 came out from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil as described in any one of Claims 1-4.
  • a waste treatment method wherein a third step of separating water from the waste liquid produced from the production process of the crude palm oil and taking out the crude palm oil and solids from the waste liquid, and the third step The crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in step 5 are heated under reduced pressure to evaporate water, and the fifth step of separating and taking out the crude palm oil and solid matter remaining after the water has evaporated, Have
  • the crude palm oil and the solid are separated by, for example, centrifugation.
  • the crude palm oil and the solid are allowed to stand and are separated by gravity.
  • the solid matter separated in the fifth step can be used as feed or feed material.
  • separated at the 5th process can be utilized as a fertilizer or compost, and can also be utilized as a raw material of a fertilizer or compost.
  • the crude palm oil separated in the fifth step is added to the solid matter separated in the fifth step. Thereby, the quantity of the rough palm oil in a solid substance is adjusted.
  • a method for treating a waste product from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 12 is a method for treating a waste product produced from the process for producing crude palm oil according to claim 11, wherein the fifth In the step, the crude palm oil squeezed and squeezed from the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch of the oil palm in the first step, together with the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in the third step Heat under reduced pressure to evaporate water.
  • the crude palm oil obtained in the first step contains palm kernel oil.
  • the crude palm oil obtained in the first step enters the crude palm oil and solid matter separated in the fifth step. Therefore, the palm kernel oil is contained in the crude palm oil and solid matter separated in the fifth step.
  • a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 13 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 11 or claim 12.
  • the heat source for heating in the fifth step burns steam generated from a boiler whose heat source is the furnace for burning empty fruit bunch debris in the second step, and burns the empty fruit bunch debris in the second step.
  • the heat source for heating in the fifth step is heated oil, for example, oleic acid or lubricating oil can be used as the heated oil.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 14 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 11-13
  • the crude palm oil and the solid are heated to 120 to 200 ° C. under a reduced pressure environment.
  • the crude palm oil is heated to 120-200 ° C. Therefore, generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids is prevented. Also, the evaporation rate of water from the crude palm oil and the solid is not too slow.
  • the steam generated from the crude palm oil and the solid is condensed into water.
  • Various components derived from oil palm are contained in the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter. These components go into the water that condenses in the fifth step.
  • a method for treating waste discharged from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 16 is a method for treating waste discharged from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 15, wherein In the step, the condensed water is filtered using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium, and in the second step, the filter medium used after filtering the water in the fifth step is used as an empty fruit. Burn in the furnace with the remains of the bunch. The BOD of the water condensed in the fifth step is high. When this condensed water is filtered, the BOD decreases. The filtered water can be used for various purposes.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 17 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 5-16
  • a waste treatment method wherein the water separated from the waste liquid in the third step is filtered using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium, and in the second step, the water is separated in the third step.
  • the filter medium that has been used after filtering is burned in the furnace together with the remnants of the empty fruit bunch.
  • the water separated from the waste liquid in the third step contains various components derived from oil palm. Therefore, the BOD of this separated water is high. When this separated water is filtered, the BOD decreases.
  • the filtered water can be used for various purposes.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 18 is a processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil of Claim 9 or Claim 10.
  • the ash burned from the empty fruit bunch in the second step, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture and solidified.
  • a sixth step of producing a third mixture wherein in the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used for producing the second mixture is a waste liquid produced from the production process of crude palm oil;
  • the ash burned by the remnants of empty fruit bunches contains components such as silicon, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron.
  • the waste liquid contains a lot of various components derived from oil palm.
  • Water obtained by condensing the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter in the fourth step contains a large amount of various organic components derived from oil palm.
  • the water obtained by filtering the condensed water also contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
  • the ash burned in the empty fruit bunch in the second step, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture. When concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture, calcium silicate and concentrated sulfuric acid react to solidify the second mixture into a third mixture.
  • the third mixture is silicon, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron derived from ash, potassium derived from the remnants of empty fruit bunches, various organic components derived from oil palm, silicon and calcium derived from calcium silicate, concentrated sulfuric acid Contains sulfur derived from. These components contained in the third mixture are useful components for plant growth. Therefore, the third mixture can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
  • a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 19 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 15 or claim 16.
  • the ash burned from the empty fruit bunch in the second step, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture and solidified.
  • a sixth step of producing a third mixture wherein in the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used for producing the second mixture is a waste liquid produced from the production process of crude palm oil;
  • Water obtained by condensing the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter in the fifth step contains a large amount of various organic components derived from oil palm.
  • the water obtained by filtering the condensed water also contains various organic components derived from oil palm. Therefore, the third mixture contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
  • a waste processing method comprising: mixing the ash burned with empty fruit bunch debris in the second step, water, and calcium silicate to form a second mixture; A sixth step of forming a third mixture by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to form a third mixture, wherein in the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used when forming the second mixture is crude palm oil And the water separated from the waste liquid in the third step, and the water obtained by filtering the separated water using the oil seed shell carbide as a filter medium.
  • the water separated from the waste liquid in the third step contains a lot of various organic components derived from oil palm.
  • the water obtained by filtering the separated water also contains various organic components derived from oil palm. Therefore, the third mixture contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil based on invention of Claim 21 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 18-20
  • the solid matter taken out from the waste liquid is mainly oil palm pulp and contains a large amount of various organic components. Therefore, the third mixture contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
  • the solid substance added when producing the second mixture in the sixth step is, for example, the first mixture produced in the fourth step. Or it is the solid substance isolate
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 22 came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 18-21
  • Phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium are essential elements for plant growth. What is necessary is just to determine the kind and quantity of the mineral component added at a 6th process according to the component of the ash which burned the remnants of the empty fruit bunch at the 2nd process. It is also possible to feed back the composition of the third mixture and adjust the content and amount of the mineral component to be added.
  • the processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 23 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 18-22
  • a waste processing method wherein when making the second mixture in the sixth step, the ash, water and calcium silicate to be mixed are burned into the empty fruit bunch debris in the second step.
  • Add dust trapped from exhaust gas generated from In the second step exhaust gas is generated from the furnace that burns the remnants of the empty fruit bunches. This exhaust gas contains dust.
  • the dust contains various components derived from empty fruit bunches. Dust in the exhaust gas is added into the second mixture. Thereby, the dust in the exhaust gas can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
  • the method for treating the waste produced from the production process of crude palm oil has the above-described configuration. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently treat the waste produced from the production process of the crude palm oil, and the waste can be effectively used.
  • the waste treatment facility 10 ⁇ / b> A from the production process of the crude palm oil CPO includes a screw press 12, a first dryer 13, a boiler 14, a separation tank 17, and a water storage tank 21. And a second dryer 23, a pump 28, a condenser 30, a storage tank 32, a mixing tank 34, and a reaction tank 36.
  • the screw press 12 has the same configuration as a conventional one, and has a spiral screw inside. The distance between the screw blades gradually decreases from the entry side to the exit side of the screw press 12.
  • the screw press 12 is configured to gradually squeeze the material supplied to the screw press 12 with this screw and to squeeze the liquid from the supplied material.
  • the first dryer 13 is a hollow container.
  • the first dryer 13 is connected to the furnace 15 of the boiler 14, and the exhaust gas from the furnace 15 enters the first dryer 13.
  • the boiler 14 has the same configuration as that of a conventional one.
  • the boiler 14 is configured to generate high-temperature steam.
  • the combustion chamber of the boiler 14 is a furnace 15 for burning fuel.
  • the separation tank 17 is a hollow container.
  • the separation tank 17 has a clearance 18 and a coarse filter 19.
  • the skimmer 18 is configured to be able to scavenge and capture oil floating on the surface of the liquid in the separation tank 17.
  • the filter 19 has a bowl shape.
  • the filter 19 is configured to be submerged in the liquid in the separation tank 17 and capture solids in the liquid.
  • the water storage tank 21 is a hollow container.
  • the second dryer 23 has a drying chamber 24 and a heating chamber 25.
  • the drying chamber 24 and the heating chamber 25 are adjacent to each other through a partition wall 26.
  • the drying chamber 24 is connected to the suction side of the pump 28, and the heating chamber 25 is connected to the boiler 14.
  • the pump 28 is configured to suck air and steam in the drying chamber 24 and to reduce the pressure in the drying chamber 24.
  • the primary side inlet of the capacitor 30 is connected to the discharge side of the pump 28. Cooling water flows through the secondary side of the capacitor 30.
  • the condenser 30 is configured so that the vapor sucked from the drying chamber 24 by the pump 28 is cooled and condensed to be liquefied.
  • the storage tank 32 is a hollow container.
  • the storage tank 32 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the items therein.
  • the mixing tank 34 is a hollow container.
  • the mixing tank 34 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the contents therein.
  • the reaction tank 36 is a hollow container.
  • the reaction vessel 36 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the contents therein.
  • the processing facility 10A has the configuration described above. Next, processing of empty fruit bunch EFB and waste liquid POME by processing facility 10A will be described in order.
  • An empty fruit bunch EFB and a waste liquid POME are produced from the production process of the crude palm oil CPO in the palm oil factory.
  • the fruit remains attached to the empty fruit bunch EFB.
  • crude palm oil CPO is attached to the empty fruit bunches EFB.
  • These empty fruit bunches EFB and waste liquid POME are carried into the treatment facility 10A.
  • the empty fruit bunches EFB are supplied to the screw press 12.
  • the screw press 12 squeezes the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunches EFB and empty fruit bunches EFB.
  • the empty fruit bunches EFB are squeezed and broken apart into the remnants R1.
  • the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch EFB is squeezed and broken by the screw press 12.
  • crude palm oil CPO is squeezed out from the pressed fruit.
  • palm kernel oil is squeezed from the seed nucleus. This palm kernel oil enters the crude palm oil CPO that the screw press 12 squeezes.
  • the screw press 12 squeezes together the crude palm oil CPO adhering to the empty fruit bunches EFB.
  • the treatment process of the empty fruit bunches EFB in the screw press 12 is the first process S1.
  • the debris R1 is sent from the screw press 12 to the first dryer 13.
  • the crude palm oil CPO squeezed by the screw press 12 is sent to the drying chamber 24 of the second dryer 23.
  • the boiler 14 is previously operated using heavy oil as fuel.
  • High-temperature exhaust gas G1 is generated from the furnace 15.
  • the exhaust gas G1 is sent to the first dryer 13.
  • the heat of the exhaust gas G1 heats the debris R1 to 120 to 200 ° C. in the first dryer 13. Water evaporates from the debris R1, and the debris R1 is dried.
  • the carboxylic acid triglyceride is hydrolyzed in the crude palm oil CPO attached to the debris R1.
  • This hydrolysis takes water from the debris R1.
  • the dried debris R1 is sent from the first dryer 13 to the boiler 14.
  • the exhaust gas G1 is discharged outside through the first dryer 13.
  • the debris R1 sent to the boiler 14 is burned together with heavy oil in the furnace 15.
  • Hot steam V ⁇ b> 1 is generated from the boiler 14.
  • the steam V1 is sent to the heating chamber 25 of the second dryer 23.
  • the process from the treatment of the debris R1 in the first dryer 13 to the incineration of the debris R1 in the furnace 15 is the second step S2.
  • the waste liquid POME is put into the separation tank 17.
  • the filter 19 is submerged in the waste liquid POME.
  • the filter 19 captures at least a part of the solid matter B1 in the waste liquid POME.
  • the filter 19 is pulled up from the separation tank 17. Then, the solid B1 is taken out from the filter 19.
  • the crude palm oil CPO in the waste liquid POME floats on the surface of the waste liquid POME.
  • the skimmer 18 scrapes and captures the floating crude palm oil CPO.
  • the solid B1 in the waste liquid POME that has not been captured by the filter 19 is precipitated.
  • the precipitated solid B1 is taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 17.
  • the solid matter B1 taken out from the filter 19 and the solid matter B1 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 17 contain crude palm oil CPO.
  • the solid matter B1 taken out from the filter 19, the solid matter B1 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 17, and the crude palm oil CPO captured by the skimmer 18 are sent to the drying chamber 24 of the second dryer 23.
  • water W1 separated from the waste liquid POME remains.
  • the water W1 is sent to the water tank 21.
  • the treatment process of the waste liquid POME in the separation tank 17 is a third process S3.
  • Steam V ⁇ b> 1 is sent from the boiler 14 to the heating chamber 25 of the second dryer 23.
  • the heat of the steam V ⁇ b> 1 is transmitted from the heating chamber 25 to the drying chamber 24 through the partition wall 26.
  • the heat of the steam V1 heats the crude palm oil CPO and the solid material B1 in the drying chamber 24 to 120 to 200 ° C.
  • the pump 28 sucks air from the drying chamber 24.
  • the inside of the drying chamber 24 is depressurized to atmospheric pressure or less. In the drying chamber 24 under a reduced pressure environment, water evaporates as steam V2 from the heated crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1.
  • the water in the solid B1 is replaced with the crude palm oil CPO.
  • the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1.
  • the pump 28 sucks the vapor V2 together with the air in the drying chamber 24.
  • the air and steam V2 sucked by the pump 28 are sent to the primary side of the condenser 30.
  • the steam V ⁇ b> 2 is cooled by the cooling water flowing on the secondary side of the condenser 30.
  • the steam V2 is condensed and liquefied to become water W2.
  • the water W2 is sent from the capacitor 30 to the water storage tank 21.
  • Water W3 is stored in the water storage tank 21. Water W3 is a mixture of water W1 and water W2.
  • the second dryer 23 finishes evaporating the water from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1
  • the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1 are taken out from the drying chamber 24.
  • the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1 are sent to the storage tank 32.
  • the crude palm oil CPO and the solid matter B1 are mixed by the impeller of the storage tank 32 to become the first mixture M1.
  • the main components of the first mixture M1 are crude palm oil CPO and oil palm pulp.
  • the 1st mixture M1 contains the palm kernel oil squeezed by the screw press 12.
  • FIG. Livestock can ingest the first mixture M1 as feed.
  • the treatment process in the second dryer 23, the capacitor 30 and the storage tank 32 is a fourth process S4.
  • the ash A1 in which the wreckage R1 is burned accumulates.
  • the ash A1 is removed from the furnace 15.
  • Ashes A1, water W3 of the water storage tank 21, and calcium silicate are charged into the mixing tank.
  • the ash A1, water W3, and calcium silicate are mixed by the impeller of the mixing tank 34 to become the second mixture M2.
  • the second mixture M2 is sent from the mixing tank 34 to the reaction tank 36.
  • Concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture M2 in the reaction vessel 36.
  • the concentrated sulfuric acid and the second mixture M2 are mixed by the impeller of the reaction tank 36.
  • calcium silicate reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid.
  • the second mixture M2 is solidified to become the third mixture M3.
  • the treatment process in the mixing tank 34 and the reaction tank 36 is a sixth process S6.
  • the third mixture M3 contains potassium derived from the remnant R1, various organic components derived from oil palm, silicon and calcium derived from calcium silicate, and sulfur derived from concentrated sulfuric acid. These components are useful components for plant growth. Therefore, the third mixture M3 can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost. You may ferment by adding the 1st mixture M1 to the 3rd mixture M3. This fermented material can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
  • the debris R1 and the crude palm oil are not heated to a temperature exceeding 200 ° C. Therefore, no polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic carboxylic acid is generated.
  • Dust is contained in the exhaust gas G1 from the first dryer 13.
  • the dust may be captured and collected by a dust collector or the like, and the collected dust may be put into the mixing tank 34 together with the ash A1.
  • the dust contains various components derived from empty fruit bunch EFB. These components go into the second mixture M2. Eventually, the dust is returned to the soil as fertilizer and compost.
  • the filter 19 may be placed in the separation tank 17 in advance before putting the waste liquid POME into the separation tank 17. Steam is generated from the debris R1 in the first dryer 13. It is also possible to send this vapor to the condenser 30 to condense and liquefy it.
  • the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1 in the drying chamber 24 can be heated by the heat of the exhaust gas G1.
  • the exhaust gas G1 can be sent directly to the drying chamber 24.
  • the exhaust gas G1 can be sent to the heating chamber 25.
  • the waste treatment facility 10 ⁇ / b> B from the production process of the crude palm oil CPO includes a screw press 52, a blower 53, a first dryer 54, a boiler 56, and a separation tank 59.
  • First filter 63, water storage tank 66, second dryer 68, pump 72, condenser 74, second filter 76, centrifuge 79, storage tanks 81 and 82, mixing tank 84, reaction tank 85 Have
  • the screw press 52 has the same configuration as the screw press 12.
  • the blower 53 has a fan (not shown).
  • the blower 53 is configured to be able to apply the wind of the fan to an object sent to the blower 53.
  • the first dryer 54 has a cylindrical body 55 that rotates.
  • a blade (not shown) is planted inside the cylindrical body 55.
  • the cylindrical body 55 is configured to be able to rotate and to stir things in the cylindrical body 55.
  • the cylindrical body 55 is connected to a furnace 57 of the boiler 56.
  • the cylindrical body 55 is configured such that the exhaust gas from the furnace 57 enters the cylindrical body 55.
  • the boiler 56 has the same configuration as the boiler 14 and has a furnace 57 for burning fuel.
  • the separation tank 59 is a hollow container.
  • the separation tank 59 includes a clearance 60 having a configuration similar to that of the clearance 18 and a filter 61 having a configuration similar to that of the filter 19.
  • the first filter 63 has a filter 64 as a filter medium.
  • the filter 64 is a carbide obtained by steaming an oil palm seed shell. Oilseed seed husks come from the process of producing palm kernel oil.
  • the water storage tank 66 is a hollow container.
  • the second dryer 68 has a drying chamber 69 and a heating chamber 70.
  • the drying chamber 69 and the heating chamber 70 are adjacent to each other through the partition wall 71.
  • the drying chamber 69 is connected to the suction side of the pump 72, and the heating chamber 70 is connected to the boiler 56.
  • the pump 72 is configured such that air and steam are sucked from the drying chamber 69 and the inside of the drying chamber 69 can be decompressed.
  • the primary inlet of the condenser 74 is connected to the discharge side of the pump 72. Cooling water flows on the secondary side of the condenser 74.
  • the condenser 74 is configured such that the vapor sucked from the drying chamber 69 by the pump 72 is cooled and condensed to be liquefied.
  • the second filter 76 has a filter 77 as a filter medium. The filter 77 is the same as the filter 64. The second filter 76 is connected to the primary outlet of the capacitor 74.
  • the centrifuge 79 has the same configuration as that of a conventional one.
  • the centrifuge 79 is configured to be able to separate liquid and solid matter by centrifugal force.
  • the storage tanks 81 and 82 are both hollow containers.
  • the storage tank 81 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the contents therein.
  • the mixing tank 84 has the same configuration as the mixing tank 34.
  • the reaction tank 85 has the same configuration as the reaction tank 36.
  • the processing facility 10B has the configuration described above. Next, processing of empty fruit bunch EFB and waste liquid POME by processing facility 10B will be described in order.
  • the empty fruit bunch EFB and the waste liquid POME are carried into the treatment facility 10B from the palm oil manufacturing factory. These empty fruit bunches EFB and waste liquid POME are the same as those carried into the treatment facility 10A in the first embodiment.
  • the empty fruit bunches EFB are supplied to the screw press 52.
  • the screw press 52 squeezes the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunches EFB and empty fruit bunches EFB.
  • the empty fruit bunch EFB is squeezed and broken apart into a remnant R2.
  • the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch EFB is squeezed and broken by the screw press 52.
  • the crude palm oil CPO is squeezed out from the pressed fruit.
  • palm kernel oil is squeezed from the seed kernels. This palm kernel oil enters the crude palm oil CPO that the screw press 52 squeezes out.
  • the screw press 52 squeezes together the crude palm oil CPO adhering to the empty fruit bunches EFB.
  • the processing step in the screw press 52 is the first step S1.
  • the debris R2 is sent from the screw press 52 to the blower 53.
  • the crude palm oil CPO squeezed by the screw press 52 is sent to the drying chamber 69 of the second dryer 68.
  • the wind of the fan strikes the debris R2. This wind evaporates a part of the water in the remnant R2.
  • the debris R2 that has left the blower 53 is sent to the first dryer 54.
  • the boiler 56 is previously operated using heavy oil as fuel.
  • High temperature exhaust gas G2 is generated from the furnace 57 of the boiler 56.
  • the exhaust gas G2 is sent to the cylindrical body 55 of the first dryer 54.
  • the debris R2 is taken out from the wind device 53 and put into the rotating cylindrical body 55 of the first dryer 54.
  • the remnant R2 hits the blade plate while being rolled and is stirred.
  • the exhaust gas G2 enters the cylindrical body 55 and comes into direct contact with the stirred debris R2.
  • the heat of the exhaust gas G2 heats the remnant R2 in the cylindrical body 55 to 120 to 200 ° C. Water evaporates from the debris R2, and the debris R2 is dried.
  • the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO adhering to the remnant R2 is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the debris R2.
  • the dust in the exhaust gas G2 comes into contact with the agitated debris R2.
  • the debris R2 captures dust in the exhaust gas G2.
  • the debris R2 dried by the first dryer 54 is sent to the boiler 56 together with the dust captured from the exhaust gas G2.
  • the exhaust gas G2 is dust-removed by the debris R2, and is discharged out of the cylindrical body 55.
  • the debris R2 sent to the boiler 56 is burned together with heavy oil in the furnace 57.
  • Hot steam V ⁇ b> 3 is generated from the boiler 56.
  • the steam V3 is sent to the heating chamber 70 of the second dryer 68.
  • the remnant R2 captures these harmful substances in the cylindrical body 55.
  • the harmful substance captured by the debris R2 is thermally decomposed in the furnace 57.
  • the process from the process in the blower 53 to the incineration of the debris R2 in the furnace 57 is the second process S2.
  • the waste liquid POME is put into the separation tank 59.
  • the filter 61 is submerged in the waste liquid POME.
  • the filter 61 captures at least a part of the solid matter B2 in the waste liquid POME.
  • the filter 61 is pulled up from the separation tank 59. Then, the solid B2 is taken out from the filter 61.
  • the skimmer 60 scrapes and captures the crude palm oil CPO floating on the surface of the waste liquid POME. Further, the precipitated solid B2 is taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 59.
  • the solid matter B2 taken out from the filter 61 and the solid matter B2 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 59 contain crude palm oil CPO.
  • the solid matter B2 taken out from the filter 61, the solid matter B2 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 59, and the crude palm oil CPO captured by the skimmer 60 are sent to the drying chamber 69 of the second dryer 68.
  • the water W4 separated from the waste liquid POME remains. The water W4 is sent to the first filter 63. Crude palm oil CPO and solid matter B2 remain in the water W4. For this reason, the BOD of the water W4 is very high.
  • the first filter 63 filters the water W4.
  • the water W4 is filtered by the filter 64 to become water W5.
  • the filter 64 captures the crude palm oil CPO and the solid matter B2 in the water W4.
  • the BOD of the water W5 is lower than the BOD of the water W4.
  • the water W5 is sent to the water storage tank 66.
  • the used filter 64 is sent to the furnace 57 of the boiler 56 and burned.
  • a processing step in the separation tank 59 and the first filter 63 is a third step S3.
  • Steam V 3 is sent from the boiler 56 to the heating chamber 70 of the second dryer 68.
  • the heat of the steam V3 is transmitted from the heating chamber 70 to the drying chamber 69 through the partition wall 71.
  • the heat of the steam V3 heats the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 in the drying chamber 69 to 120 to 200 ° C.
  • the pump 72 sucks air from the drying chamber 69.
  • the inside of the drying chamber 69 is depressurized to atmospheric pressure or less.
  • water evaporates as steam V4 from the heated crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2.
  • the water in the solid B2 is replaced with the crude palm oil CPO.
  • the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2.
  • the pump 72 sucks the vapor V4 together with the air in the drying chamber 69.
  • the air and steam V4 sucked by the pump 72 are sent to the primary side of the condenser 74.
  • the steam V ⁇ b> 4 is cooled by the cooling water flowing on the secondary side of the condenser 74.
  • the steam V4 is condensed and liquefied to become water W6.
  • the water W6 contains various components derived from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2. For this reason, the BOD of the water W6 is very high.
  • the water W6 is sent from the condenser 30 to the second filter 76.
  • the second filter 76 filters the water W6.
  • Water W6 is filtered to become water W7.
  • Filter 77 captures various components in water W6.
  • the BOD of the water W7 is lower than the BOD of the water W6.
  • the water W7 is sent to the water storage tank 66.
  • the used filter 77 is sent to the furnace 57 of the boiler 56 and burned.
  • the water storage tank 66 is filled with water W8.
  • Water W8 is a mixture of water W5 and water W7.
  • the solid matter B2 separated by the centrifuge 79 is stored in the storage tank 81.
  • the crude palm oil CPO separated by the centrifuge 79 is stored in the storage tank 82.
  • the crude palm oil CPO stored in the storage tank 82 contains palm kernel oil.
  • This palm kernel oil is the one pressed by the screw press 52 from the nucleus in the first step S1.
  • the main component of the solid B2 stored in the storage tank 81 is oil palm pulp.
  • crude palm oil CPO and palm kernel oil have adhered to this solid substance B2.
  • the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO attached to the solid B2 is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the solid B2.
  • the solid B2 in the storage tank 81 can be used as a livestock feed or feed material. Moreover, the component ratio of the livestock feed is adjusted by appropriately mixing the solid B2 in the storage tank 81 and the crude palm oil CPO in the storage tank 82.
  • the processing step in the second dryer 68, the condenser 74, the second filter 76 and the centrifuge 79 is the fifth step S5.
  • the ash A2 burned with the wreckage R2 is accumulated.
  • ash burned by the filters 64 and 77 is contained.
  • the ash A2 is taken out from the furnace 57.
  • water W8 of the water storage tank 66, calcium silicate, and mineral components are charged into the mixing tank 84.
  • the mineral component has at least one component or a plurality of components of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium.
  • the content of the mineral component is determined according to the composition of the ash A2.
  • the ash A2, water W8, calcium silicate, and mineral components are mixed by the impeller of the mixing tank 84 to become the second mixture M4.
  • the second mixture M4 is sent from the mixing tank 84 to the reaction tank 85.
  • Concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture M4 in the reaction vessel 85.
  • Concentrated sulfuric acid and the second mixture M4 are mixed by the impeller of the reaction tank 85.
  • the calcium silicate of the second mixture M4 reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid. Then, the second mixture M4 is solidified to become the third mixture M5.
  • the treatment process in the mixing tank 84 and the reaction tank 85 is a sixth process S6.
  • the third mixture M5 contains potassium derived from the remnant R2, various organic components derived from oil palm, silicon and calcium derived from calcium silicate, mineral components, and sulfur derived from concentrated sulfuric acid. These components are useful components for plant growth. Therefore, the third mixture M5 can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost. You may make it ferment by adding the solid B2 of the storage tank 81 to the 3rd mixture M5. This fermented material can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
  • the debris R2 and the crude palm oil are not heated to a temperature exceeding 200 ° C. Therefore, no polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic carboxylic acid is generated.
  • the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 in the drying chamber 69 can be heated by the heat of the exhaust gas G2.
  • the exhaust gas G2 can be sent directly to the drying chamber 69.
  • the exhaust gas G2 can be sent to the heating chamber 70.
  • the oleic acid can be heated by the heat of the furnace 57 of the boiler 56.
  • the debris R2 can be heated by the first dryer 54 by the heat of the heated oleic acid.
  • the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 can be heated by the second dryer 68 by the heat of the heated oleic acid.
  • water W4 or water W6 can be used instead of the water W8.
  • the method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the present invention is useful as a method for efficiently treating waste. It is also useful as a method that enables effective use of waste.

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Abstract

Disclosed is a method for treating waste material generated through the process of producing crude palm oil, said method being able to efficiently treat waste material generated through the process of producing crude palm oil, and being able to effectively utilize this waste material. Waste material generated through the process of producing crude palm oil is treated by, in a first step (S1), compressing empty fruit bunches (EFB) by a screw press (12), and in a second step (S2), after drying by a first dryer (13), burning in the furnace (15) of a boiler (14) the empty fruit bunch (EFB) residue (R1) remaining after compressing in the first step (S1), the drying by the first dryer (13) being performed by means of off-gas (G1) from the furnace (15).

Description

粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法Method for treating waste from the production process of crude palm oil
　本発明は、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法に関する。 This invention relates to the processing method of the waste material which came out from the manufacture process of crude palm oil.
　アブラヤシから製造されるパームオイルは、食品原料となる植物油である。様々な植物油の中で、パームオイルの製造量は極めて多い。マレーシアとインドネシアがパームオイルの二大産地である。日本は、これらの国から多量のパームオイルを輸入し、マーガリン、即席麺やスナック菓子などの揚げ油、調理油、洗剤、石鹸、塗料、インク、化粧品などの原料として消費している。 パ ー ム Palm oil produced from oil palm is a vegetable oil that is a raw material for food. Among various vegetable oils, the production amount of palm oil is extremely large. Malaysia and Indonesia are the two major producers of palm oil. Japan imports a large amount of palm oil from these countries and consumes it as raw materials for margarine, fried oil such as instant noodles and snacks, cooking oil, detergents, soaps, paints, inks and cosmetics.
　パームオイルはおおよそ以下に示す過程を経て製造される（例えば、特許文献１を参照）。
　アブラヤシの果房が、農園で収穫され、農園近傍のパームオイル製造工場へ運ばれる。パームオイル製造工場へ運ばれた果房は、蒸気によって高温処理される。この高温処理によって果房に含まれるリパーゼが分解する。高温処理された果房は、回転ドラムの中に投入される。回転ドラムの中で、個々の果実が果房から脱落する。果実が脱落した果房は、空果房となる。果房から脱落した果実は圧搾されて、粗パームオイルが製造される。粗パームオイルは精製されてパームオイルとなる。 Palm oil is manufactured through the following processes (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Oil palm fruit bunches are harvested at the plantation and transported to a palm oil manufacturing plant near the plantation. The fruit bunches transported to the palm oil factory are treated at high temperature with steam. This high temperature treatment decomposes the lipase contained in the fruit bunches. The high temperature processed fruit bunches are put into a rotating drum. Individual fruits fall out of the fruit bunches in the rotating drum. Fruit bunches from which fruits have fallen become empty fruit bunches. The fruit dropped from the fruit bunches is pressed to produce crude palm oil. Crude palm oil is refined into palm oil.
　果実から粗パームオイルを搾り取った後に種子が残る。この種子は殻と核とに分けられる。そして、核からパーム核オイルが製造される。
　また、パームオイル製造工場では、粗パームオイルの製造過程から、様々な廃棄物が出る。主な廃棄物は、廃液と空果房である。廃液は、アブラヤシに由来する固形物、水、粗パームオイルを含んでいる。廃液は、処理池で処理される。また、空果房は、そのままパームオイル製造工場の周囲に野積みされて放置される。 Seeds remain after squeezing crude palm oil from the fruit. This seed is divided into shells and nuclei. And palm kernel oil is manufactured from a nucleus.
Moreover, in a palm oil manufacturing factory, various wastes come out from the manufacturing process of crude palm oil. The main waste is waste liquid and empty fruit bunch. The waste liquid contains solid matter derived from oil palm, water, and crude palm oil. The waste liquid is processed in the processing pond. Moreover, empty fruit bunches are piled up and left around the palm oil manufacturing factory.
　なお、以下の説明において、「空果房」とは、果房から果実を除外した部分のことをいう。また、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た空果房のことを単に「空果房」といい、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液のことを単に「廃液」という。そして、生物化学的酸素要求量のことを単に「ＢＯＤ」という。 In the following description, “empty fruit bunch” refers to a portion where fruit is excluded from the fruit bunch. An empty fruit bunch produced from the process of producing crude palm oil is simply referred to as “empty fruit bunch”, and a waste liquid produced from the process of producing crude palm oil is simply referred to as “waste liquid”. The biochemical oxygen demand is simply referred to as “BOD”.
特開２００６－１１２００４号公報（段落０００２）JP 2006-111004 (paragraph 0002)
　廃液を処理池で処理する場合、以下に述べる問題点が存在する。
　処理池における廃液の滞留時間は長期にわたる。このため、処理池に極めて多量の廃液を溜めておかねばならず、広大な処理池が必要である。また、廃液が処理池から周辺の環境に漏出することを防止しなければならず、相応の管理が必要である。したがって、廃液を処理池で処理することは、処理効率の観点から好ましくない。 When waste liquid is treated in a treatment pond, there are the following problems.
The residence time of the waste liquid in the treatment pond is long. For this reason, a very large amount of waste liquid must be stored in the treatment pond, and a vast treatment pond is required. In addition, the waste liquid must be prevented from leaking from the treatment pond to the surrounding environment, and appropriate management is required. Therefore, it is not preferable to treat the waste liquid in the treatment pond from the viewpoint of treatment efficiency.
　また、メタンガスが処理池の廃液から発生する。廃液から発生するメタンガスは地球温暖化の一因となる。この点からも、廃液を処理池で処理することは好ましくない。
　さらに、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出る空果房は、極めて多量である。多量の空果房をパームオイル製造工場の周囲に放置することは、パームオイル製造工場の周囲の環境が悪化する原因となる。例えば、放置した空果房が腐敗し、腐敗した空果房に虫がわく。空果房にわいた虫は、人や動物が病原菌に感染する原因となり得る。 Also, methane gas is generated from the wastewater from the treatment pond. Methane gas generated from waste liquid contributes to global warming. Also from this point, it is not preferable to treat the waste liquid in the treatment pond.
Furthermore, the amount of empty fruit bunches from the production process of crude palm oil is extremely large. Leaving a large amount of empty fruit bunches around the palm oil manufacturing plant causes the environment surrounding the palm oil manufacturing plant to deteriorate. For example, a left empty fruit bunch will rot, and insects will erupt in the decayed empty fruit bunch. Insects that live in empty fruit bunches can cause humans and animals to become infected with pathogenic bacteria.
　また、回転ドラムを使っても、果実は果房から完全に脱落しないことが多い。したがって、果実が空果房に残存していることが多い。このような果実は、粗パームオイルやパーム核オイルの原料となるにもかかわらず、そのままうち捨てられている。食料となる植物資源の不足が問題化している昨今、このようなことは好ましくない。
　粗パームオイルの製造過程において、空果房に粗パームオイルが付着する。本発明者が廃棄された空果房を調べたところ、空果房の全重量のうちの１～２％が付着した粗パームオイルであった。 Also, even when a rotating drum is used, the fruit often does not fall off the fruit bunches completely. Therefore, the fruit often remains in the empty fruit bunches. Such fruit is discarded as it is, although it becomes a raw material for crude palm oil and palm kernel oil. This is not desirable nowadays when the shortage of plant resources for food is becoming a problem.
In the production process of the crude palm oil, the crude palm oil adheres to the empty fruit bunches. As a result of examining the empty fruit bunch discarded by the present inventor, it was crude palm oil to which 1 to 2% of the total weight of the empty fruit bunch was adhered.
　さらに、本発明者が調べたところ、廃棄された空果房は、６９８４ｋＪ／ｋｇもの熱量を有していた。限りある燃料資源の有効利用が叫ばれている昨今、このように大きな熱量を有している空果房を放置しておくことは、好ましくない。
　本発明は、上記問題を解決するものであり、その目的とするところは、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物を効率よく処理可能であり、この廃棄物の有効活用も可能である粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法を提供することである。 Furthermore, as a result of investigation by the present inventor, the discarded empty fruit bunch had a calorific value of 6984 kJ / kg. In recent years when effective use of limited fuel resources is sought, it is not preferable to leave such empty fruit bunches having such a large amount of heat.
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to efficiently treat waste produced from the production process of crude palm oil, and to effectively use this waste. It is to provide a method for treating waste produced from the manufacturing process of palm oil.
　本発明は、その課題を解決するために以下のような構成をとる。請求項１の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出たアブラヤシの空果房を圧搾する第１の工程と、前記第１の工程で圧搾した後に残った空果房の残骸を、加熱して水を蒸発させてから、炉の中で燃やす第２の工程と、を有し、前記第２の工程における加熱の熱源が、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から出る排ガスである。 The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the problem. A method for treating waste produced from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 1 includes a first step of squeezing an empty fruit bunch of oil palm produced from the process for producing crude palm oil, and the first process. A second step of heating the empty debris remaining after squeezing in the process, evaporating the water and then burning it in a furnace, and a heat source for heating in the second step, It is the exhaust gas which comes out of the furnace which burns the remnants of empty fruit bunches in the second step.
　空果房は房状をなしている。この房状の空果房を圧搾すると、空果房はばらばらに壊れて、残骸となる。このとき、空果房の硬い芯も壊れる。第２の工程において、このばらばらに壊れた空果房の残骸を燃やすことは容易である。
　第１の工程における圧搾は、例えば、従来あるスクリュープレスを用いて行う。本発明者の知見によれば、このスクリュープレスは、７０ＨＰ（＝５２１９９Ｗ）以上の出力を有することが好ましい。 The empty fruit bunches are tufted. When this tufted empty fruit bunch is squeezed, the empty fruit bunch breaks apart and becomes a remnant. At this time, the hard core of the empty fruit bunch is also broken. In the second step, it is easy to burn the broken pieces of empty fruit bunches.
The pressing in the first step is performed using, for example, a conventional screw press. According to the knowledge of the present inventor, this screw press preferably has an output of 70 HP (= 52199 W) or more.
　第１の工程において、空果房を蒸気によって加熱し、加熱した空果房を圧搾することが可能である。空果房は蒸気によって加熱され、柔らかくなる。これにより、第１の工程での圧搾が容易化する。
　第１の工程において、空果房をすりつぶし、すりつぶした空果房を圧搾することが可能である。これにより、第１の工程での圧搾が容易化する。 In the first step, it is possible to heat the empty fruit bunch with steam and squeeze the heated empty fruit bunch. Empty fruit bunches are heated by steam and become soft. Thereby, pressing in the first step is facilitated.
In the first step, it is possible to crush empty fruit bunches and squeeze the ground empty fruit bunches. Thereby, pressing in the first step is facilitated.
　第１の工程において、空果房を蒸気によって加熱し、加熱した空果房をすりつぶし、すりつぶした空果房を圧搾することが可能である。これにより、第１の工程での圧搾がより容易化する。
　第１の工程では、空果房に残存していた果実が圧搾される。粗パームオイルが搾り取られて回収される。果実と一緒に種子の核が圧搾される。パーム核オイルが、第１の工程から回収される粗パームオイルの中に入る。また、空果房に付着している粗パームオイルが、第１の工程から回収される粗パームオイルの中に入る。 In the first step, it is possible to heat the empty fruit bunch with steam, to crush the heated empty fruit bunch and to squeeze the ground empty fruit bunch. Thereby, pressing in a 1st process becomes easier.
In the first step, the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch is squeezed. Crude palm oil is squeezed and collected. The seed core is squeezed together with the fruit. Palm kernel oil enters the crude palm oil recovered from the first step. Moreover, the crude palm oil adhering to the empty fruit bunch enters into the crude palm oil recovered from the first step.
　第１の工程を経た空果房の残骸には、粗パームオイルが付着している。第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす際、空果房の残骸に付着している粗パームオイルが燃える。このため、第２の工程で空果房の残骸は燃えやすい。
　多量の水が空果房の残骸に含まれている。空果房の残骸を加熱すると、水が蒸発し、空果房の残骸の含水率が低下する。そして、空果房の残骸が燃えやすくなる。 Crude palm oil adheres to the remnants of the empty fruit bunches that have undergone the first step. When burning the empty fruit bunch debris in the second step, the crude palm oil adhering to the empty fruit bunch remains burned. For this reason, the remnants of empty fruit bunches are likely to burn in the second step.
A large amount of water is contained in the remnants of the empty fruit bunch. When the empty fruit bunch debris is heated, water evaporates and the moisture content of the empty fruit bunch debris decreases. And the remnants of the empty fruit bunch become flammable.
　第１の工程と第２の工程において、粗パームオイルの中のカルボン酸トリグリセリドが加水分解する。この加水分解が空果房やその残骸から水を奪う。この加水分解によって、空果房やその残骸に含まれている水が減少する。
　第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から高温の排ガスが発生する。この排ガスの熱が第２の工程における加熱の熱源として有効利用される。 In the first step and the second step, the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from empty fruit bunches and their debris. This hydrolysis reduces the water contained in the empty fruit bunches and their debris.
In the second step, high-temperature exhaust gas is generated from a furnace that burns empty fruit bunch debris. The heat of the exhaust gas is effectively used as a heat source for heating in the second step.
　第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から発生する熱は、様々な用途に利用可能である。例えば、この熱によってボイラで蒸気を発生させることができる。また、この熱によって潤滑油等の油を加熱できる。この加熱した油を伝熱媒体として利用可能である。
　本発明者が調べたところ、空果房の含水率は約８０重量％であった。この空果房を出力７０ＨＰ（＝５２１９９Ｗ）のスクリュープレスで圧搾すると、圧搾後の空果房の残骸の含水率が約６５重量％に減少した。そして、空果房の残骸を、空果房の残骸を燃やす炉の排ガスによって加熱すると、空果房の残骸の含水率が約４５重量％に減少した。なお、このときの炉の排ガス温度は３５０℃であった。したがって、空果房の残骸を炉の排ガスによって加熱することは、空果房の残骸の含水率を低下させる上で効果的である。 The heat generated from the furnace that burns the remnants of empty fruit bunches in the second step can be used for various purposes. For example, steam can be generated in the boiler by this heat. Also, oil such as lubricating oil can be heated by this heat. This heated oil can be used as a heat transfer medium.
When the present inventor examined, the moisture content of the empty fruit bunches was about 80% by weight. When this empty fruit bunch was squeezed with a screw press with an output of 70 HP (= 52199 W), the moisture content of the empty fruit bunch debris after squeezing was reduced to about 65% by weight. Then, when the empty fruit bunch debris was heated by the exhaust gas from the furnace that burns the empty fruit bunch debris, the water content of the empty fruit bunch debris decreased to about 45% by weight. In addition, the exhaust gas temperature of the furnace at this time was 350 degreeC. Accordingly, heating the empty fruit bunch debris with the furnace exhaust gas is effective in reducing the moisture content of the empty fruit bunch debris.
　請求項２の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を加熱する際に、空果房の残骸を撹拌するとともに、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から出る排ガスを、撹拌されている空果房の残骸に直接接触させる。 A method for treating waste discharged from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 2 is a method for treating waste discharged from a process for producing crude palm oil according to claim 1, wherein the second In this step, when the empty fruit bunch debris is heated, the empty fruit bunch debris is agitated, and in the second step, the exhaust gas from the furnace that burns the empty fruit bunch remains is agitated. Direct contact with the wreckage of the bunch.
　粗パームオイルは、パルチミン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸を含んでおり、β－カロチンをも含んでいる。パルチミン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸を２００℃を超える温度で加熱すると、多環芳香族炭化水素や芳香族カルボン酸が生じる。また、β－カロチンを２００℃を超える温度で加熱すると、多環芳香族炭化水素が生じる
　第２の工程において、炉で空果房の残骸を燃やすと、灰が残る。この灰には塩素が含まれている。そして、空果房を燃やす炉の中には、炉を構成する部品に由来する鉄が存在する。 Crude palm oil contains palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and also contains β-carotene. When palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid are heated at temperatures exceeding 200 ° C., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids are produced. In addition, when β-carotene is heated at a temperature exceeding 200 ° C., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are produced. In the second step, ash remains when the remains of empty fruit bunches are burned in a furnace. This ash contains chlorine. And in the furnace which burns an empty fruit bunch, iron originating in the parts which constitute a furnace exists.
　多環芳香族炭化水素や芳香族カルボン酸と、塩素と、鉄とを、３００～３５０℃に加熱すると、ダイオキシンや芳香族塩素化合物が生じる。ダイオキシンや芳香族塩素化合物は有害物質である。
　第２の工程において、炉で空果房の残骸を燃やすと、炉内の温度条件によってダイオキシンや芳香族塩素化合物が生じる可能性がある。例えば、炉の運転を開始したり停止したりする際、炉内の温度が一時的に３００～３５０℃になる。 When polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or aromatic carboxylic acids, chlorine, and iron are heated to 300 to 350 ° C., dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds are produced. Dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds are harmful substances.
In the second step, when empty fruit bunch remnants are burned in a furnace, dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds may be generated depending on the temperature conditions in the furnace. For example, when the operation of the furnace is started or stopped, the temperature in the furnace temporarily becomes 300 to 350 ° C.
　第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を加熱する際に、空果房の残骸を撹拌する。撹拌されている空果房の残骸は、空果房の残骸を燃やす炉の排ガスに直接接触する。仮に、排ガス中の粉塵にダイオキシンや芳香族塩素化合物が含まれていたとしても、この粉塵は、撹拌されている空果房の残骸によって捕捉される。したがって、排ガス中から、ダイオキシンや芳香族塩素化合物が除去される。空果房の残骸に捕捉されたダイオキシンや芳香族塩素化合物は、空果房の残骸とともに炉で燃やされ、分解する。 In the second step, when the empty fruit bunch remains are heated, the empty fruit bunch remains are agitated. The empty fruit bunch debris that is being stirred directly contacts the exhaust gas of the furnace that burns the empty fruit bunch debris. Even if the dust in the exhaust gas contains dioxins or aromatic chlorine compounds, the dust is captured by the remnants of the empty fruit bunch being stirred. Accordingly, dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds are removed from the exhaust gas. Dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds trapped in the empty fruit bunch are burned in the furnace along with the empty fruit bunch and decomposed.
　請求項３の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１または請求項２に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を加熱する前に、空果房の残骸に風を当てて、空果房の残骸の中に含まれる水の少なくとも一部を蒸発させる。
　第１の工程を経た空果房の残骸に風を当てると、空果房の残骸からの水の蒸発が促進される。 A method for treating waste from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 3 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 1 or claim 2. In the second step, before heating the empty fruit bunch debris, wind is applied to the empty fruit bunch remnants to evaporate at least a portion of the water contained in the empty fruit bunch remnants.
When wind is applied to the remnants of the empty fruit bunches that have undergone the first step, the evaporation of water from the empty fruit bunches is promoted.
　粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た直後の空果房は、製造過程での高温処理によって温度が高くなっている。本発明者が調べたところ、このような空果房の温度は、５０～６０℃であった。このような空果房を第１の工程で処理する場合、第１の工程を経た空果房の残骸は、高い温度を保っている。このような空果房の残骸に風を当てると、空果房の残骸からの水の蒸発がより促進される。 The empty fruit bunches immediately after the crude palm oil production process has a high temperature due to the high temperature treatment in the production process. As a result of investigation by the present inventor, the temperature of such an empty fruit bunch was 50-60 ° C. When such an empty fruit bunch is processed in the first step, the remnants of the empty fruit bunch after the first step are kept at a high temperature. When wind is applied to such empty fruit bunch debris, the evaporation of water from the empty fruit bunch remains more accelerated.
　請求項４の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１から請求項３のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を１２０～２００℃に加熱する。
　空果房の残骸を２００℃を超える温度に加熱すると、空果房の残骸に付着している粗パームオイルから、多環芳香族炭化水素や芳香族カルボン酸が生じる可能性がある。また、空果房の残骸を１２０℃未満の温度に加熱すると、空果房の残骸からの水の蒸発速度が遅くなる。そして、空果房の残骸の乾燥速度も遅くなる。したがって、第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を１２０～２００℃に加熱することが好ましい。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 4 came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 1-3. In the second step, the empty fruit bunch remnants are heated to 120 to 200 ° C. in the waste treatment method.
When the empty fruit bunch debris is heated to a temperature exceeding 200 ° C., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids may be generated from the crude palm oil adhering to the empty fruit bunch debris. In addition, when the empty fruit bunch debris is heated to a temperature of less than 120 ° C., the evaporation rate of water from the empty fruit bunch remains slow. And the drying speed of the empty fruit bunch remains slow. Therefore, in the second step, it is preferable to heat the empty fruit bunch debris to 120-200 ° C.
　請求項５の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１から請求項４のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液中から水を分離して、この廃液中から粗パームオイル及び固形物を取り出す第３の工程と、前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物を、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させて、水が蒸発した後に残った粗パームオイル及び固形物を混合して第１の混合物をつくる第４の工程と、を有する。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 5 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil of any one of Claims 1-4 A waste treatment method, wherein a third step of separating water from the waste liquid produced from the production process of the crude palm oil and taking out the crude palm oil and solids from the waste liquid, and the third step The crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in step 4 are heated under reduced pressure to evaporate water, and the crude palm oil and solid matter remaining after the water evaporates are mixed to form a first mixture. It has these processes.
　廃液は、水、固形物及び粗パームオイルを含んでいる。廃液中の固形物及び粗パームオイルは、アブラヤシに由来する。特に、固形物は果肉を多く含んでいる。廃液中の粗パームオイルや固形物は、飼料や飼料の原料として利用可能である。また、廃液中の粗パームオイルや固形物は、肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。 Waste liquid contains water, solids and crude palm oil. Solid matter and crude palm oil in the waste liquid are derived from oil palm. In particular, the solid contains a large amount of pulp. Crude palm oil and solids in the waste liquid can be used as feed and feed materials. Moreover, crude palm oil and solids in the waste liquid can be used as fertilizer and compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer and compost.
　廃液中から取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物は、多くの水を含んでいる。このため、流動性が高く、取り扱いにくい。廃液中から取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物から水を蒸発させる。これにより、粗パームオイル及び固形物の取り扱いが容易化する。
　粗パームオイル及び固形物の加熱を減圧環境下で行うと、水の沸点が低下し、水が蒸発しやすくなる。また、粗パームオイル中でカルボン酸トリグリセリドが加水分解する。この加水分解が、粗パームオイル及び固形物から水を奪う。 The crude palm oil and solid matter taken out from the waste liquid contain a lot of water. For this reason, it is highly fluid and difficult to handle. Water is evaporated from the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out of the waste liquid. This facilitates handling of crude palm oil and solids.
When the crude palm oil and the solid are heated in a reduced pressure environment, the boiling point of water is lowered and water is easily evaporated. In addition, carboxylic acid triglycerides are hydrolyzed in crude palm oil. This hydrolysis takes water from the crude palm oil and solids.
　水が蒸発した後に、粗パームオイル及び固形物が残る。この固形物中に含まれていた水は粗パームオイルに置き換わる。
　水が蒸発した後に残った粗パームオイルと固形物とが、混合されて、第１の混合物となる。第１の混合物は、飼料や飼料の原料として利用可能である。また、第１の混合物は、肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。 After the water has evaporated, crude palm oil and solids remain. The water contained in the solid matter is replaced with crude palm oil.
The crude palm oil remaining after the water has evaporated and the solid matter are mixed to form a first mixture. The first mixture can be used as feed or feed material. The first mixture can be used as a fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for the fertilizer or compost.
　廃液から水を分離する場合、例えば、廃液を容器中に静置する。廃液を静置すると、廃液中の水、粗パームオイル及び固形物が重力分離される。粗パームオイルが廃液の表面に浮遊し、固形物が廃液の底に沈殿する。廃液の表面に浮遊する粗パームオイルは、かきとるなどして容易に取り出される。
　廃液から固形物を取り出す場合、例えば、廃液を容器中に入れ、この廃液中にフィルタを沈める。あるいは、フィルタが予め入っている容器等に廃液を入れる。廃液中でフィルタが固形物を捕捉する。そして、フィルタから固形物を取り出す。
　空中にあるフィルタに廃液を流して固形物を捕捉する場合と、廃液中に入れたフィルタにより固形物を捕捉する場合と、を比較する。本発明者の知見によれば、後者の場合の方が、フィルタは目詰まりしにくい。 When separating water from waste liquid, for example, the waste liquid is left in a container. When the waste liquid is allowed to stand, water, crude palm oil, and solids in the waste liquid are separated by gravity. Crude palm oil floats on the surface of the waste liquid, and solids settle to the bottom of the waste liquid. Crude palm oil floating on the surface of the waste liquid is easily removed by scraping or the like.
When taking out the solid matter from the waste liquid, for example, the waste liquid is put in a container, and the filter is submerged in the waste liquid. Alternatively, the waste liquid is put in a container or the like in which a filter is previously placed. The filter captures solids in the waste liquid. And a solid substance is taken out from a filter.
The case where the solid is captured by flowing the waste liquid through the filter in the air is compared with the case where the solid is captured by the filter placed in the waste liquid. According to the knowledge of the present inventor, the filter is less likely to be clogged in the latter case.
　請求項６の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項５に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第４の工程において、前記第１の工程でアブラヤシの空果房に残存していた果実から圧搾して搾り取った粗パームオイルを、前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物と一緒に、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させて、水が蒸発した後に残った粗パームオイル及び固形物を混合して第１の混合物をつくる。
　第１の工程から得られる粗パームオイル中には、パーム核オイルが入っている。そして、第１の工程から得られる粗パームオイルは、第１の混合物の一部となる。 A method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 6 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 5, wherein In the step, the crude palm oil squeezed and squeezed from the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch of the oil palm in the first step, together with the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in the third step The mixture is heated under reduced pressure to evaporate water, and the crude palm oil and solids remaining after the water evaporates are mixed to form a first mixture.
The crude palm oil obtained from the first step contains palm kernel oil. And the crude palm oil obtained from a 1st process becomes a part of 1st mixture.
　請求項７の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項５または請求項６に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第４の工程における加熱の熱源が、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源とするボイラから発生する蒸気と、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源として加熱した油と、のうちのいずれか一方または両方である。
　第２の工程において空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から発生する熱が、第４の工程における加熱の熱源として有効利用される。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 7 is a processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil of Claim 5 or Claim 6, The heat source for heating in the fourth step burns steam generated from a boiler whose heat source is a furnace that burns the empty debris in the second step, and burns the empty debris in the second step One or both of oil heated using a furnace as a heat source.
The heat generated from the furnace for burning the empty fruit bunch debris in the second step is effectively used as a heat source for heating in the fourth step.
　第４の工程における加熱の熱源が、加熱した油である場合、加熱する油として、例えば、オレイン酸や潤滑油を利用可能である。オレイン酸は粗パームオイルの主成分のひとつである。パームオイル製造工場等が近くにあれば、オレイン酸の入手は容易である。オレイン酸の融点は１６．３℃である。熱帯地域ではオレイン酸は液状を保つ。気温がオレイン酸の融点より低くなる場合であっても、空果房の残骸を燃やす炉の熱により、オレイン酸は直ちに液化する。また、空果房の残骸を燃やす炉の熱によって、油を直接加熱することが可能である。この炉を熱源とするボイラの蒸気によって油を間接的に加熱することも可能である。 When the heating heat source in the fourth step is heated oil, for example, oleic acid or lubricating oil can be used as the heating oil. Oleic acid is one of the main components of crude palm oil. If a palm oil manufacturing plant is nearby, oleic acid can be easily obtained. The melting point of oleic acid is 16.3 ° C. In the tropics, oleic acid remains liquid. Even when the air temperature is lower than the melting point of oleic acid, oleic acid is immediately liquefied by the heat of the furnace that burns the remnants of empty fruit bunches. It is also possible to directly heat the oil by the heat of the furnace that burns the remnants of the empty fruit bunches. It is also possible to heat the oil indirectly by steam from a boiler using this furnace as a heat source.
　請求項８の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項５から請求項７のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第４の工程において、減圧環境の下で粗パームオイル及び固形物を１２０～２００℃に加熱する。
　第４の工程において、粗パームオイルは１２０～２００℃に加熱される。したがって、多環芳香族炭化水素や芳香族カルボン酸の発生が防止される。また、粗パームオイル及び固形物からの水の蒸発速度が遅すぎることもない。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of 8 came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 5-7 In the fourth process, the crude palm oil and solids are heated to 120 to 200 ° C. under a reduced pressure environment.
In the fourth step, the crude palm oil is heated to 120-200 ° C. Therefore, generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids is prevented. Also, the evaporation rate of water from the crude palm oil and the solid is not too slow.
　請求項９の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項５から請求項８のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第４の工程において、粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮して水とする。
　粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生する蒸気中には、アブラヤシに由来する様々な成分が入っている。これらの成分は、第４の工程で凝縮する水の中に入る。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil based on invention of Claim 9 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 5-8 In the fourth process, the steam generated from the crude palm oil and the solid is condensed into water.
Various components derived from oil palm are contained in the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter. These components go into the water that condenses in the fourth step.
　請求項１０の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項９に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第４の工程において、凝縮した水を、アブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過し、前記第２の工程において、前記第４の工程で水を濾過して使用済みとなった濾材を、空果房の残骸とともに炉の中で燃やす。 A method for treating a waste product from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 10 is a method for treating a waste product produced from the process for producing crude palm oil according to claim 9, wherein In the step (2), the condensed water is filtered using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium. In the second step, the filter medium that has been used after filtering the water in the fourth step is used as an empty fruit. Burn in the furnace with the remains of the bunch.
　第４の工程で凝縮した水のＢＯＤは高い。この凝縮した水を濾過すると、ＢＯＤが下がる。濾過した水は様々な用途に利用可能である。アブラヤシの種子の殻が、パーム核オイルの製造過程から出る。凝縮した水の濾過において、アブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物が、濾材として有効利用される。この炭化物は、例えば、アブラヤシの種子の殻を蒸し焼きにして得られる。使用済みの濾材は、空果房の残骸と一緒に燃やされる。 The BOD of the water condensed in the fourth process is high. When this condensed water is filtered, the BOD decreases. The filtered water can be used for various purposes. Oil palm seed shells emerge from the process of producing palm kernel oil. In the filtration of condensed water, the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell is effectively used as a filter medium. This carbide is obtained, for example, by steaming an oil palm seed shell. Spent filter media is burned together with empty fruit bunch debris.
　請求項１１の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１から請求項４のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液中から水を分離して、この廃液中から粗パームオイル及び固形物を取り出す第３の工程と、前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物を、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させて、水が蒸発した後に残った粗パームオイルと固形物とを分離して取り出す第５の工程と、を有する。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil based on invention of Claim 11 came out from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil as described in any one of Claims 1-4. A waste treatment method, wherein a third step of separating water from the waste liquid produced from the production process of the crude palm oil and taking out the crude palm oil and solids from the waste liquid, and the third step The crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in step 5 are heated under reduced pressure to evaporate water, and the fifth step of separating and taking out the crude palm oil and solid matter remaining after the water has evaporated, Have
　第５の工程において、粗パームオイルと固形物との分離は、例えば、遠心分離によって行う。あるいは、粗パームオイルと固形物を静置して両者を重力分離する。
　第５の工程で分離した固形物は、飼料や飼料の原料として利用可能である。また、第５の工程で分離した固形物は、肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。
　第５の工程で分離した固形物に、第５の工程で分離した粗パームオイルを加える。これにより、固形物中の粗パームオイルの量が調整される。 In the fifth step, the crude palm oil and the solid are separated by, for example, centrifugation. Alternatively, the crude palm oil and the solid are allowed to stand and are separated by gravity.
The solid matter separated in the fifth step can be used as feed or feed material. Moreover, the solid substance isolate | separated at the 5th process can be utilized as a fertilizer or compost, and can also be utilized as a raw material of a fertilizer or compost.
The crude palm oil separated in the fifth step is added to the solid matter separated in the fifth step. Thereby, the quantity of the rough palm oil in a solid substance is adjusted.
　請求項１２の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１１に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第５の工程において、前記第１の工程でアブラヤシの空果房に残存していた果実から圧搾して搾り取った粗パームオイルを、前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物と一緒に、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させる。
　第１の工程で得られる粗パームオイル中には、パーム核オイルが入っている。第１の工程で得られる粗パームオイルは、第５の工程で分離した粗パームオイル中及び固形物中に入る。したがって、第５の工程で分離した粗パームオイル中及び固形物中には、パーム核オイルが入っている。 A method for treating a waste product from a process for producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 12 is a method for treating a waste product produced from the process for producing crude palm oil according to claim 11, wherein the fifth In the step, the crude palm oil squeezed and squeezed from the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch of the oil palm in the first step, together with the crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in the third step Heat under reduced pressure to evaporate water.
The crude palm oil obtained in the first step contains palm kernel oil. The crude palm oil obtained in the first step enters the crude palm oil and solid matter separated in the fifth step. Therefore, the palm kernel oil is contained in the crude palm oil and solid matter separated in the fifth step.
　請求項１３の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１１または請求項１２に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第５の工程における加熱の熱源が、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源とするボイラから発生する蒸気と、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源として加熱した油と、のうちのいずれか一方または両方である。
　第５の工程における加熱の熱源が、加熱した油である場合、加熱する油として、例えば、オレイン酸や潤滑油を利用可能である。 A method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 13 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 11 or claim 12. The heat source for heating in the fifth step burns steam generated from a boiler whose heat source is the furnace for burning empty fruit bunch debris in the second step, and burns the empty fruit bunch debris in the second step. One or both of oil heated using a furnace as a heat source.
When the heat source for heating in the fifth step is heated oil, for example, oleic acid or lubricating oil can be used as the heated oil.
　請求項１４の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１１から請求項１３のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第５の工程において、減圧環境の下で粗パームオイル及び固形物を１２０～２００℃に加熱する。
　第５の工程において、粗パームオイルは１２０～２００℃に加熱される。したがって、多環芳香族炭化水素や芳香族カルボン酸の発生が防止される。また、粗パームオイル及び固形物からの水の蒸発速度が遅すぎることもない。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 14 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 11-13 In the fifth process, the crude palm oil and the solid are heated to 120 to 200 ° C. under a reduced pressure environment.
In the fifth step, the crude palm oil is heated to 120-200 ° C. Therefore, generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic carboxylic acids is prevented. Also, the evaporation rate of water from the crude palm oil and the solid is not too slow.
　請求項１５の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１１から請求項１４のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第５の工程において、粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮して水とする。
　粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生する蒸気中には、アブラヤシに由来する様々な成分が入っている。これらの成分は、第５の工程で凝縮する水の中に入る。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of 15th came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 11-14 In the fifth process, the steam generated from the crude palm oil and the solid is condensed into water.
Various components derived from oil palm are contained in the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter. These components go into the water that condenses in the fifth step.
　請求項１６の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１５に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第５の工程において、凝縮した水を、アブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過し、前記第２の工程において、前記第５の工程で水を濾過して使用済みとなった濾材を、空果房の残骸とともに炉の中で燃やす。
　第５の工程で凝縮した水のＢＯＤは高い。この凝縮した水を濾過すると、ＢＯＤが下がる。濾過した水は様々な用途に利用可能である。 A method for treating waste discharged from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 16 is a method for treating waste discharged from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 15, wherein In the step, the condensed water is filtered using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium, and in the second step, the filter medium used after filtering the water in the fifth step is used as an empty fruit. Burn in the furnace with the remains of the bunch.
The BOD of the water condensed in the fifth step is high. When this condensed water is filtered, the BOD decreases. The filtered water can be used for various purposes.
　請求項１７の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項５から請求項１６のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第３の工程において、廃液から分離した水を、アブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過し、前記第２の工程において、前記第３の工程で水を濾過して使用済みとなった濾材を、空果房の残骸とともに炉の中で燃やす。
　第３の工程で廃液から分離した水は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な成分を含んでいる。したがって、この分離した水のＢＯＤは高い。この分離した水を濾過すると、ＢＯＤが下がる。濾過した水は様々な用途に利用可能である。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 17 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 5-16 A waste treatment method, wherein the water separated from the waste liquid in the third step is filtered using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium, and in the second step, the water is separated in the third step. The filter medium that has been used after filtering is burned in the furnace together with the remnants of the empty fruit bunch.
The water separated from the waste liquid in the third step contains various components derived from oil palm. Therefore, the BOD of this separated water is high. When this separated water is filtered, the BOD decreases. The filtered water can be used for various purposes.
　請求項１８の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項９または請求項１０に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸が燃えた灰と、水と、珪酸カルシウムと、を混合して第２の混合物をつくり、この第２の混合物に濃硫酸を加えて固形化して第３の混合物をつくる第６の工程を有し、前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに用いる水の少なくとも一部または全部が、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液と、前記第４の工程で粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮した水と、この凝縮した水をアブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過した水と、のうちのいずれかである。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 18 is a processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil of Claim 9 or Claim 10. The ash burned from the empty fruit bunch in the second step, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture and solidified. A sixth step of producing a third mixture, wherein in the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used for producing the second mixture is a waste liquid produced from the production process of crude palm oil; The water obtained by condensing the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter in the fourth step, and the water obtained by filtering the condensed water using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium. .
　空果房の残骸が燃えた灰は、珪素、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄等の成分を含んでいる。廃液は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な成分を多く含んでいる。第４の工程で粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮した水は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を多く含んでいる。また、この凝縮した水を濾過した水も、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を含んでいる。
　第６の工程において、第２の工程で空果房の残骸が燃えた灰と、水と、珪酸カルシウムと、が、混合されて第２の混合物となる。第２の混合物に濃硫酸を加えると、珪酸カルシウムと濃硫酸とが反応し、第２の混合物が固形化して第３の混合物となる。 The ash burned by the remnants of empty fruit bunches contains components such as silicon, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron. The waste liquid contains a lot of various components derived from oil palm. Water obtained by condensing the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter in the fourth step contains a large amount of various organic components derived from oil palm. The water obtained by filtering the condensed water also contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
In the sixth step, the ash burned in the empty fruit bunch in the second step, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture. When concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture, calcium silicate and concentrated sulfuric acid react to solidify the second mixture into a third mixture.
　第３の混合物は、灰に由来する珪素、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム及び鉄、空果房の残骸に由来するカリウム、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分、珪酸カルシウムに由来する珪素とカルシウム、濃硫酸に由来する硫黄を含んでいる。第３の混合物が含んでいるこれらの成分は、植物が生育する上で有用な成分である。したがって、第３の混合物は肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。 The third mixture is silicon, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron derived from ash, potassium derived from the remnants of empty fruit bunches, various organic components derived from oil palm, silicon and calcium derived from calcium silicate, concentrated sulfuric acid Contains sulfur derived from. These components contained in the third mixture are useful components for plant growth. Therefore, the third mixture can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
　請求項１９の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１５または請求項１６に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸が燃えた灰と、水と、珪酸カルシウムと、を混合して第２の混合物をつくり、この第２の混合物に濃硫酸を加えて固形化して第３の混合物をつくる第６の工程を有し、前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに用いる水の少なくとも一部または全部が、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液と、前記第５の工程で粗パームオイル及び固形物から蒸発した蒸気を凝縮した水と、この凝縮した水をアブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過した水と、のうちのいずれかである。
　第５の工程で粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮した水は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を多く含んでいる。また、この凝縮した水を濾過した水も、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を含んでいる。したがって、第３の混合物は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を含んでいる。 A method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the invention of claim 19 is a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 15 or claim 16. The ash burned from the empty fruit bunch in the second step, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture and solidified. A sixth step of producing a third mixture, wherein in the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used for producing the second mixture is a waste liquid produced from the production process of crude palm oil; The water obtained by condensing the steam evaporated from the crude palm oil and the solid in the fifth step, and the water obtained by filtering the condensed water using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium. .
Water obtained by condensing the steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter in the fifth step contains a large amount of various organic components derived from oil palm. The water obtained by filtering the condensed water also contains various organic components derived from oil palm. Therefore, the third mixture contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
　請求項２０の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項５から請求項１７のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸が燃えた灰と、水と、珪酸カルシウムと、を混合して第２の混合物をつくり、この第２の混合物に濃硫酸を加えて固形化して第３の混合物をつくる第６の工程を有し、前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに用いる水の少なくとも一部または全部が、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液と、前記第３の工程で廃液から分離した水と、この分離した水をアブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過した水と、のうちのいずれかである。
　第３の工程で廃液から分離した水は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を多く含んでいる。また、この分離した水を濾過した水も、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を含んでいる。したがって、第３の混合物は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を含んでいる。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of 20th came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 5-17 A waste processing method comprising: mixing the ash burned with empty fruit bunch debris in the second step, water, and calcium silicate to form a second mixture; A sixth step of forming a third mixture by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to form a third mixture, wherein in the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used when forming the second mixture is crude palm oil And the water separated from the waste liquid in the third step, and the water obtained by filtering the separated water using the oil seed shell carbide as a filter medium.
The water separated from the waste liquid in the third step contains a lot of various organic components derived from oil palm. The water obtained by filtering the separated water also contains various organic components derived from oil palm. Therefore, the third mixture contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
　請求項２１の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１８から請求項２０のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに、混合する灰と水と珪酸カルシウムに、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液中から取り出した固形物を加える。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil based on invention of Claim 21 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 18-20 A waste processing method, wherein in the sixth step, when the second mixture is formed, the solids taken out from the waste liquid from the crude palm oil production process are mixed with the ash, water and calcium silicate to be mixed. Add things.
　廃液中から取り出した固形物は、主に、アブラヤシの果肉であり、様々な有機成分を多く含んでいる。したがって、第３の混合物は、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分を含んでいる。
　なお、第６の工程で第２の混合物をつくるときに加える固形物は、例えば、第４の工程でつくった第１の混合物である。あるいは、第５の工程で分離して取り出した固形物である。 The solid matter taken out from the waste liquid is mainly oil palm pulp and contains a large amount of various organic components. Therefore, the third mixture contains various organic components derived from oil palm.
In addition, the solid substance added when producing the second mixture in the sixth step is, for example, the first mixture produced in the fourth step. Or it is the solid substance isolate | separated and taken out by the 5th process.
　請求項２２の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１８から請求項２１のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに、混合する灰と水と珪酸カルシウムに、リン、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄、マンガン、ホウ素、亜鉛、モリブデン、銅、及び、セレンのうちの少なくともいずれかひとつの成分又は複数の成分をミネラル成分として加える。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 22 came out from the manufacturing process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 18-21 A waste treatment method, wherein in the sixth step, when the second mixture is formed, the ash, water and calcium silicate to be mixed are mixed with phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron and zinc. At least one component or a plurality of components of molybdenum, copper, and selenium is added as a mineral component.
　リン、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄、マンガン、ホウ素、亜鉛、モリブデン、銅、及び、セレンは、植物の生長に不可欠の元素である。
　第６の工程で加えるミネラル成分の種類及び量は、第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やしてできた灰の成分に応じて決定すればよい。また、第３の混合物の組成をフィードバックして、加えるミネラル成分の内容及び量を調節することも可能である。 Phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium are essential elements for plant growth.
What is necessary is just to determine the kind and quantity of the mineral component added at a 6th process according to the component of the ash which burned the remnants of the empty fruit bunch at the 2nd process. It is also possible to feed back the composition of the third mixture and adjust the content and amount of the mineral component to be added.
　請求項２３の発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、請求項１８から請求項２２のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法であって、前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに、混合する灰と水と珪酸カルシウムとに、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から発生する排ガス中から捕捉した粉塵を加える。
　第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から、排ガスが発生する。この排ガス中には、粉塵が含まれている。粉塵中には、空果房に由来する様々な成分が入っている。排ガス中の粉塵を第２の混合物の中に加える。これにより、排ガス中の粉塵が肥料や堆肥として利用可能になり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能になる。 The processing method of the waste which came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil which concerns on invention of Claim 23 came out from the manufacture process of the rough palm oil as described in any one of Claims 18-22 A waste processing method, wherein when making the second mixture in the sixth step, the ash, water and calcium silicate to be mixed are burned into the empty fruit bunch debris in the second step. Add dust trapped from exhaust gas generated from
In the second step, exhaust gas is generated from the furnace that burns the remnants of the empty fruit bunches. This exhaust gas contains dust. The dust contains various components derived from empty fruit bunches. Dust in the exhaust gas is added into the second mixture. Thereby, the dust in the exhaust gas can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
　粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は上記した構成を有する。したがって、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物を効率よく処理可能であり、この廃棄物の有効活用も可能である。 The method for treating the waste produced from the production process of crude palm oil has the above-described configuration. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently treat the waste produced from the production process of the crude palm oil, and the waste can be effectively used.
第１の実施の形態に係る処理施設のうち、第１の工程及び第２の工程に関連する装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus relevant to a 1st process and a 2nd process among the processing facilities which concern on 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施の形態に係る処理施設のうち、第３の工程及び第４の工程に関連する装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus relevant to a 3rd process and a 4th process among the processing facilities which concern on 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施の形態に係る処理施設のうち、第６の工程に関連する装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus relevant to a 6th process among the processing facilities which concern on 1st Embodiment. 第２の実施の形態に係る処理施設のうち、第１の工程及び第２の工程に関連する装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus relevant to a 1st process and a 2nd process among the processing facilities which concern on 2nd Embodiment. 第２の実施の形態に係る処理施設のうち、第３の工程及び第５の工程に関連する装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus relevant to a 3rd process and a 5th process among the processing facilities which concern on 2nd Embodiment. 第２の実施の形態に係る処理施設のうち、第６の工程に関連する装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus relevant to a 6th process among the processing facilities which concern on 2nd Embodiment.
　本発明の第１の実施の形態を図１から図３を参照しつつ説明する。
　図１からに図３に示すように、粗パームオイルＣＰＯの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理施設１０Ａは、スクリュープレス１２、第１の乾燥機１３、ボイラ１４、分離槽１７、貯水槽２１、第２の乾燥機２３、ポンプ２８、コンデンサ３０、貯留槽３２、混合槽３４、反応槽３６を有する。 A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the waste treatment facility 10 </ b> A from the production process of the crude palm oil CPO includes a screw press 12, a first dryer 13, a boiler 14, a separation tank 17, and a water storage tank 21. And a second dryer 23, a pump 28, a condenser 30, a storage tank 32, a mixing tank 34, and a reaction tank 36.
　スクリュープレス１２は、従来あるものと同様の構成を有し、内部に螺旋状のスクリューがある。このスクリューの羽根同士の間隔は、スクリュープレス１２の入側から出側に向かって徐々に狭まっている。スクリュープレス１２は、スクリュープレス１２に供給された物をこのスクリューによって徐々に圧搾して、供給された物から液体を搾り取ることを可能に構成されている。 The screw press 12 has the same configuration as a conventional one, and has a spiral screw inside. The distance between the screw blades gradually decreases from the entry side to the exit side of the screw press 12. The screw press 12 is configured to gradually squeeze the material supplied to the screw press 12 with this screw and to squeeze the liquid from the supplied material.
　第１の乾燥機１３は中空容器である。第１の乾燥機１３は、ボイラ１４の炉１５に接続されており、炉１５の排ガスが第１の乾燥機１３に入る構成となっている。
　ボイラ１４は、従来あるものと同様の構成を有する。ボイラ１４は、高温の蒸気を発生可能に構成されている。ボイラ１４の燃焼室が、燃料を燃やす炉１５である。
　分離槽１７は中空容器である。分離槽１７は、スキマ１８と目の粗いフィルタ１９を有する。スキマ１８は、分離槽１７の中の液体の表面に浮遊する油をかきとって捕捉可能に構成されている。フィルタ１９は、籠状をなす。フィルタ１９は、分離槽１７の中の液体中に沈められて、液体中の固形物を捕捉可能に構成されている。 The first dryer 13 is a hollow container. The first dryer 13 is connected to the furnace 15 of the boiler 14, and the exhaust gas from the furnace 15 enters the first dryer 13.
The boiler 14 has the same configuration as that of a conventional one. The boiler 14 is configured to generate high-temperature steam. The combustion chamber of the boiler 14 is a furnace 15 for burning fuel.
The separation tank 17 is a hollow container. The separation tank 17 has a clearance 18 and a coarse filter 19. The skimmer 18 is configured to be able to scavenge and capture oil floating on the surface of the liquid in the separation tank 17. The filter 19 has a bowl shape. The filter 19 is configured to be submerged in the liquid in the separation tank 17 and capture solids in the liquid.
　貯水槽２１は中空容器である。
　第２の乾燥機２３は乾燥室２４と加熱室２５を有する。乾燥室２４と加熱室２５は隔壁２６を介して互いに隣接している。乾燥室２４はポンプ２８の吸引側に接続されており、加熱室２５は、ボイラ１４に接続されている。
　ポンプ２８は、乾燥室２４の中の空気や蒸気を吸引し、乾燥室２４の中を減圧可能に構成されている。
　コンデンサ３０の一次側入口はポンプ２８の吐出側に接続されている。冷却水がコンデンサ３０の二次側を流れている。コンデンサ３０は、ポンプ２８が乾燥室２４から吸引した蒸気を冷却して凝縮して液化可能に構成されている。 The water storage tank 21 is a hollow container.
The second dryer 23 has a drying chamber 24 and a heating chamber 25. The drying chamber 24 and the heating chamber 25 are adjacent to each other through a partition wall 26. The drying chamber 24 is connected to the suction side of the pump 28, and the heating chamber 25 is connected to the boiler 14.
The pump 28 is configured to suck air and steam in the drying chamber 24 and to reduce the pressure in the drying chamber 24.
The primary side inlet of the capacitor 30 is connected to the discharge side of the pump 28. Cooling water flows through the secondary side of the capacitor 30. The condenser 30 is configured so that the vapor sucked from the drying chamber 24 by the pump 28 is cooled and condensed to be liquefied.
　貯留槽３２は中空容器である。貯留槽３２は、その中の物を撹拌するためのインペラ（図示略）を有する。
　混合槽３４は中空容器である。混合槽３４は、その中の物を撹拌するためのインペラ（図示略）を有する。
　反応槽３６は中空容器である。反応槽３６は、その中の物を撹拌するためのインペラ（図示略）を有する。
　処理施設１０Ａは、以上に説明した構成を備えている。次に、処理施設１０Ａによる空果房ＥＦＢと廃液ＰＯＭＥの処理を順番に説明する。 The storage tank 32 is a hollow container. The storage tank 32 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the items therein.
The mixing tank 34 is a hollow container. The mixing tank 34 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the contents therein.
The reaction tank 36 is a hollow container. The reaction vessel 36 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the contents therein.
The processing facility 10A has the configuration described above. Next, processing of empty fruit bunch EFB and waste liquid POME by processing facility 10A will be described in order.
　パームオイル製造工場における粗パームオイルＣＰＯの製造過程から、空果房ＥＦＢと廃液ＰＯＭＥが出る。空果房ＥＦＢには果実がくっついたまま残存している。また、空果房ＥＦＢには粗パームオイルＣＰＯが付着している。これらの空果房ＥＦＢと廃液ＰＯＭＥが、処理施設１０Ａに搬入される。
　図１に示すように、処理施設１０Ａでは、まず、空果房ＥＦＢがスクリュープレス１２に供給される。スクリュープレス１２が、空果房ＥＦＢと空果房ＥＦＢに残存している果実を圧搾する。空果房ＥＦＢは、圧搾され、ばらばらに壊れて残骸Ｒ１となる。 An empty fruit bunch EFB and a waste liquid POME are produced from the production process of the crude palm oil CPO in the palm oil factory. The fruit remains attached to the empty fruit bunch EFB. Moreover, crude palm oil CPO is attached to the empty fruit bunches EFB. These empty fruit bunches EFB and waste liquid POME are carried into the treatment facility 10A.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the processing facility 10 </ b> A, first, the empty fruit bunches EFB are supplied to the screw press 12. The screw press 12 squeezes the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunches EFB and empty fruit bunches EFB. The empty fruit bunches EFB are squeezed and broken apart into the remnants R1.
　空果房ＥＦＢに残存している果実は、スクリュープレス１２によって圧搾され壊れる。スクリュープレス１２では、圧搾された果実から、粗パームオイルＣＰＯが搾り取られる。果実を圧搾する際、果実の中の種子が壊れる。そして、種子の核からパーム核オイルが搾り取られる。このパーム核オイルは、スクリュープレス１２が搾り取る粗パームオイルＣＰＯの中に入る。また、スクリュープレス１２は、空果房ＥＦＢに付着している粗パームオイルＣＰＯを一緒に搾り取る。 The fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch EFB is squeezed and broken by the screw press 12. In the screw press 12, crude palm oil CPO is squeezed out from the pressed fruit. When squeezing the fruit, the seeds in the fruit break. And palm kernel oil is squeezed from the seed nucleus. This palm kernel oil enters the crude palm oil CPO that the screw press 12 squeezes. Moreover, the screw press 12 squeezes together the crude palm oil CPO adhering to the empty fruit bunches EFB.
　スクリュープレス１２での空果房ＥＦＢの処理工程が、第１の工程Ｓ１である。
　残骸Ｒ１は、スクリュープレス１２から第１の乾燥機１３に送られる。また、スクリュープレス１２が搾り取った粗パームオイルＣＰＯは、第２の乾燥機２３の乾燥室２４に送られる。
　ボイラ１４は、予め、重油を燃料として運転されている。炉１５から高温の排ガスＧ１が発生する。排ガスＧ１は第１の乾燥機１３に送られる。排ガスＧ１の熱が、第１の乾燥機１３の中で、残骸Ｒ１を１２０～２００℃に加熱する。残骸Ｒ１から水が蒸発し、残骸Ｒ１が乾燥する。 The treatment process of the empty fruit bunches EFB in the screw press 12 is the first process S1.
The debris R1 is sent from the screw press 12 to the first dryer 13. The crude palm oil CPO squeezed by the screw press 12 is sent to the drying chamber 24 of the second dryer 23.
The boiler 14 is previously operated using heavy oil as fuel. High-temperature exhaust gas G1 is generated from the furnace 15. The exhaust gas G1 is sent to the first dryer 13. The heat of the exhaust gas G1 heats the debris R1 to 120 to 200 ° C. in the first dryer 13. Water evaporates from the debris R1, and the debris R1 is dried.
　また、残骸Ｒ１に付着している粗パームオイルＣＰＯ中で、カルボン酸トリグリセリドが加水分解する。この加水分解が残骸Ｒ１から水を奪う。
　乾燥した残骸Ｒ１は、第１の乾燥機１３からボイラ１４に送られる。排ガスＧ１は第１の乾燥機１３を通って外に排出される。
　ボイラ１４へ送られた残骸Ｒ１は、炉１５の中で重油とともに燃やされる。高温の蒸気Ｖ１がボイラ１４から発生する。蒸気Ｖ１は第２の乾燥機２３の加熱室２５へ送られる。
　第１の乾燥機１３での残骸Ｒ１の処理から、炉１５での残骸Ｒ１の焼却までの工程が、第２の工程Ｓ２である。 In addition, the carboxylic acid triglyceride is hydrolyzed in the crude palm oil CPO attached to the debris R1. This hydrolysis takes water from the debris R1.
The dried debris R1 is sent from the first dryer 13 to the boiler 14. The exhaust gas G1 is discharged outside through the first dryer 13.
The debris R1 sent to the boiler 14 is burned together with heavy oil in the furnace 15. Hot steam V <b> 1 is generated from the boiler 14. The steam V1 is sent to the heating chamber 25 of the second dryer 23.
The process from the treatment of the debris R1 in the first dryer 13 to the incineration of the debris R1 in the furnace 15 is the second step S2.
　図２に示すように、廃液ＰＯＭＥが、分離槽１７に投入される。廃液ＰＯＭＥを分離槽１７に投入した後、フィルタ１９が廃液ＰＯＭＥ中に沈められる。フィルタ１９が、廃液ＰＯＭＥ中の固形物Ｂ１の少なくとも一部を捕捉する。フィルタ１９が固形物Ｂ１を捕捉したら、フィルタ１９が分離槽１７から引き上げられる。そして、固形物Ｂ１がフィルタ１９から取り出される。 As shown in FIG. 2, the waste liquid POME is put into the separation tank 17. After putting the waste liquid POME into the separation tank 17, the filter 19 is submerged in the waste liquid POME. The filter 19 captures at least a part of the solid matter B1 in the waste liquid POME. When the filter 19 captures the solid matter B1, the filter 19 is pulled up from the separation tank 17. Then, the solid B1 is taken out from the filter 19.
　分離槽１７の中では、廃液ＰＯＭＥ中の粗パームオイルＣＰＯが、廃液ＰＯＭＥの表面に浮遊している。スキマ１８が、この浮遊する粗パームオイルＣＰＯをかきとって捕捉する。
　分離槽１７の底には、フィルタ１９によって捕捉されなかった廃液ＰＯＭＥ中の固形物Ｂ１が、沈殿する。分離槽１７の底から、沈殿した固形物Ｂ１が取り出される。 In the separation tank 17, the crude palm oil CPO in the waste liquid POME floats on the surface of the waste liquid POME. The skimmer 18 scrapes and captures the floating crude palm oil CPO.
At the bottom of the separation tank 17, the solid B1 in the waste liquid POME that has not been captured by the filter 19 is precipitated. The precipitated solid B1 is taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 17.
　フィルタ１９から取り出した固形物Ｂ１と、分離槽１７の底から取り出した固形物Ｂ１は、粗パームオイルＣＰＯを含んでいる。
　フィルタ１９から取り出した固形物Ｂ１と、分離槽１７の底から取り出した固形物Ｂ１と、スキマ１８が捕捉した粗パームオイルＣＰＯと、が、第２の乾燥機２３の乾燥室２４に送られる。分離槽１７の中には、廃液ＰＯＭＥから分離された水Ｗ１が残っている。水Ｗ１は貯水槽２１に送られる。 The solid matter B1 taken out from the filter 19 and the solid matter B1 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 17 contain crude palm oil CPO.
The solid matter B1 taken out from the filter 19, the solid matter B1 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 17, and the crude palm oil CPO captured by the skimmer 18 are sent to the drying chamber 24 of the second dryer 23. In the separation tank 17, water W1 separated from the waste liquid POME remains. The water W1 is sent to the water tank 21.
　分離槽１７での廃液ＰＯＭＥの処理工程が、第３の工程Ｓ３である。
　第２の乾燥機２３の加熱室２５に、蒸気Ｖ１がボイラ１４から送られて来る。蒸気Ｖ１の熱が隔壁２６を介して加熱室２５から乾燥室２４に伝わる。そして、蒸気Ｖ１の熱が、乾燥室２４の中の粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１を１２０～２００℃に加熱する。
　乾燥室２４で粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１が加熱される際、ポンプ２８が乾燥室２４から空気を吸引する。乾燥室２４の中は大気圧以下に減圧される。減圧環境下の乾燥室２４の中では、加熱された粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１から、水が蒸気Ｖ２となって蒸発する。 The treatment process of the waste liquid POME in the separation tank 17 is a third process S3.
Steam V <b> 1 is sent from the boiler 14 to the heating chamber 25 of the second dryer 23. The heat of the steam V <b> 1 is transmitted from the heating chamber 25 to the drying chamber 24 through the partition wall 26. The heat of the steam V1 heats the crude palm oil CPO and the solid material B1 in the drying chamber 24 to 120 to 200 ° C.
When the crude palm oil CPO and the solid matter B <b> 1 are heated in the drying chamber 24, the pump 28 sucks air from the drying chamber 24. The inside of the drying chamber 24 is depressurized to atmospheric pressure or less. In the drying chamber 24 under a reduced pressure environment, water evaporates as steam V2 from the heated crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1.
　乾燥室２４において、固形物Ｂ１中の水が粗パームオイルＣＰＯに置き換わる。また、乾燥室２４において、粗パームオイルＣＰＯ中のカルボン酸トリグリセリドが加水分解する。この加水分解が粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１から水を奪う。
　ポンプ２８が、蒸気Ｖ２を乾燥室２４の空気とともに吸引する。ポンプ２８が吸引した空気と蒸気Ｖ２は、コンデンサ３０の一次側に送られる。
　コンデンサ３０において、蒸気Ｖ２は、コンデンサ３０の二次側を流れる冷却水によって冷却される。蒸気Ｖ２は凝縮して液化し、水Ｗ２となる。水Ｗ２はコンデンサ３０から貯水槽２１に送られる。
　貯水槽２１には水Ｗ３が溜まっている。水Ｗ３は水Ｗ１と水Ｗ２が混ざったものである。 In the drying chamber 24, the water in the solid B1 is replaced with the crude palm oil CPO. In the drying chamber 24, the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1.
The pump 28 sucks the vapor V2 together with the air in the drying chamber 24. The air and steam V2 sucked by the pump 28 are sent to the primary side of the condenser 30.
In the condenser 30, the steam V <b> 2 is cooled by the cooling water flowing on the secondary side of the condenser 30. The steam V2 is condensed and liquefied to become water W2. The water W2 is sent from the capacitor 30 to the water storage tank 21.
Water W3 is stored in the water storage tank 21. Water W3 is a mixture of water W1 and water W2.
　第２の乾燥機２３で粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１からの水の蒸発が終わると、粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１は、乾燥室２４から取り出される。そして、粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１は、貯留槽３２に送られる。貯留槽３２において粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１は、貯留槽３２のインペラによって混合されて、第１の混合物Ｍ１となる。
　第１の混合物Ｍ１の主成分は、粗パームオイルＣＰＯとアブラヤシの果肉である。また、第１の混合物Ｍ１は、スクリュープレス１２によって搾り取られたパーム核オイルを含んでいる。家畜は、第１の混合物Ｍ１を飼料として摂取できる。
　第２の乾燥機２３、コンデンサ３０及び貯留槽３２での処理工程が、第４の工程Ｓ４である。 When the second dryer 23 finishes evaporating the water from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1, the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1 are taken out from the drying chamber 24. Then, the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1 are sent to the storage tank 32. In the storage tank 32, the crude palm oil CPO and the solid matter B1 are mixed by the impeller of the storage tank 32 to become the first mixture M1.
The main components of the first mixture M1 are crude palm oil CPO and oil palm pulp. Moreover, the 1st mixture M1 contains the palm kernel oil squeezed by the screw press 12. FIG. Livestock can ingest the first mixture M1 as feed.
The treatment process in the second dryer 23, the capacitor 30 and the storage tank 32 is a fourth process S4.
　ボイラ１４の炉１５の中には、残骸Ｒ１が燃えた灰Ａ１がたまる。図３に示すように、灰Ａ１が、炉１５から取り出される。灰Ａ１と、貯水槽２１の水Ｗ３と、珪酸カルシウムと、が、混合槽３４に投入される。灰Ａ１と水Ｗ３と珪酸カルシウムは、混合槽３４のインペラによって混合されて第２の混合物Ｍ２となる。第２の混合物Ｍ２は混合槽３４から反応槽３６へ送られる。
　濃硫酸が、反応槽３６の中の第２の混合物Ｍ２に加えられる。濃硫酸と第２の混合物Ｍ２とは、反応槽３６のインペラによって混合される。第２の混合物Ｍ２中で珪酸カルシウムが濃硫酸と反応する。そして、第２の混合物Ｍ２が固形化し、第３の混合物Ｍ３となる。
　混合槽３４及び反応槽３６での処理工程が、第６の工程Ｓ６である。 In the furnace 15 of the boiler 14, the ash A1 in which the wreckage R1 is burned accumulates. As shown in FIG. 3, the ash A1 is removed from the furnace 15. Ashes A1, water W3 of the water storage tank 21, and calcium silicate are charged into the mixing tank. The ash A1, water W3, and calcium silicate are mixed by the impeller of the mixing tank 34 to become the second mixture M2. The second mixture M2 is sent from the mixing tank 34 to the reaction tank 36.
Concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture M2 in the reaction vessel 36. The concentrated sulfuric acid and the second mixture M2 are mixed by the impeller of the reaction tank 36. In the second mixture M2, calcium silicate reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid. Then, the second mixture M2 is solidified to become the third mixture M3.
The treatment process in the mixing tank 34 and the reaction tank 36 is a sixth process S6.
　第３の混合物Ｍ３は、残骸Ｒ１に由来するカリウム、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分、珪酸カルシウムに由来する珪素とカルシウム、濃硫酸に由来する硫黄を含んでいる。これらの成分は、植物が生育する上で有用な成分である。したがって、第３の混合物Ｍ３は肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。
　第３の混合物Ｍ３に第１の混合物Ｍ１を加えて発酵させてもよい。この発酵物は肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。 The third mixture M3 contains potassium derived from the remnant R1, various organic components derived from oil palm, silicon and calcium derived from calcium silicate, and sulfur derived from concentrated sulfuric acid. These components are useful components for plant growth. Therefore, the third mixture M3 can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
You may ferment by adding the 1st mixture M1 to the 3rd mixture M3. This fermented material can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
　第２の工程Ｓ２と第４の工程Ｓ４では、残骸Ｒ１や粗パームオイルが２００℃を超える温度まで加熱されない。したがって、多環芳香族炭化水素や芳香族カルボン酸は発生しない。
　第１の乾燥機１３から出る排ガスＧ１中に、粉塵が含まれている。この粉塵を集塵機等により捕捉して回収し、回収した粉塵を灰Ａ１とともに混合槽３４に投入してもよい。粉塵の中には、空果房ＥＦＢに由来する様々な成分が入っている。これらの成分が第２の混合物Ｍ２の中に入る。最終的には、粉塵は、肥料や堆肥として土壌中に戻される。 In the second step S2 and the fourth step S4, the debris R1 and the crude palm oil are not heated to a temperature exceeding 200 ° C. Therefore, no polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic carboxylic acid is generated.
Dust is contained in the exhaust gas G1 from the first dryer 13. The dust may be captured and collected by a dust collector or the like, and the collected dust may be put into the mixing tank 34 together with the ash A1. The dust contains various components derived from empty fruit bunch EFB. These components go into the second mixture M2. Eventually, the dust is returned to the soil as fertilizer and compost.
　第３の工程において、廃液ＰＯＭＥを分離槽１７に投入する前に、フィルタ１９を予め分離槽１７の中に入れておいてもよい。
　第１の乾燥機１３の中で残骸Ｒ１から蒸気が発生する。この蒸気をコンデンサ３０に送って凝縮して液化することも可能である。
　排ガスＧ１の熱によって、乾燥室２４の中の粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ１を加熱することが可能である。この場合、排ガスＧ１を乾燥室２４に直接送ることが可能である。あるいは、排ガスＧ１を加熱室２５に送ることが可能である。 In the third step, the filter 19 may be placed in the separation tank 17 in advance before putting the waste liquid POME into the separation tank 17.
Steam is generated from the debris R1 in the first dryer 13. It is also possible to send this vapor to the condenser 30 to condense and liquefy it.
The crude palm oil CPO and the solid B1 in the drying chamber 24 can be heated by the heat of the exhaust gas G1. In this case, the exhaust gas G1 can be sent directly to the drying chamber 24. Alternatively, the exhaust gas G1 can be sent to the heating chamber 25.
　水Ｗ１を貯水槽２１へ送る前に濾過することが可能である。これにより、水Ｗ１のＢＯＤが下がる。水Ｗ２を貯水槽２１へ送る前に濾過することが可能である。これにより、水Ｗ２のＢＯＤが下がる。アブラヤシの種子の殻を蒸し焼きにした炭化物は、水Ｗ１、Ｗ２を濾過するための濾材として利用可能である。アブラヤシの種子の殻は、パーム核オイルの製造過程から得られる。水Ｗ１、Ｗ２を濾過した後の濾材は、炉１５で残骸Ｒ１と一緒に燃やされる。 It is possible to filter the water W1 before sending it to the water tank 21. Thereby, BOD of water W1 falls. The water W2 can be filtered before being sent to the water tank 21. Thereby, BOD of water W2 falls. The carbide obtained by steaming the oil palm seed shell can be used as a filter medium for filtering the water W1 and W2. Oil palm seed shells are obtained from the production of palm kernel oil. The filter medium after filtering the water W1 and W2 is burned together with the debris R1 in the furnace 15.
　次に、本発明の第２の実施の形態を図４から図６を参照しつつ説明する。
　図４からに図６に示すように、粗パームオイルＣＰＯの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理施設１０Ｂは、スクリュープレス５２、送風装置５３、第１の乾燥機５４、ボイラ５６、分離槽５９、第１の濾過機６３、貯水槽６６、第２の乾燥機６８、ポンプ７２、コンデンサ７４、第２の濾過機７６、遠心分離機７９、貯留槽８１、８２、混合槽８４、反応槽８５を有する。 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 6 from FIG. 4, the waste treatment facility 10 </ b> B from the production process of the crude palm oil CPO includes a screw press 52, a blower 53, a first dryer 54, a boiler 56, and a separation tank 59. , First filter 63, water storage tank 66, second dryer 68, pump 72, condenser 74, second filter 76, centrifuge 79, storage tanks 81 and 82, mixing tank 84, reaction tank 85 Have
　スクリュープレス５２は、スクリュープレス１２と同様の構成を有する。送風装置５３は、ファン（図示略）を有する。送風装置５３は、送風装置５３に送られた物にファンの風を当てることを可能に構成されている。
　第１の乾燥機５４は自転する円筒体５５を有する。円筒体５５の内側には羽根板（図示略）が植設されている。円筒体５５は、自転して円筒体５５の中の物を撹拌可能に構成されている。円筒体５５はボイラ５６の炉５７に接続されている。円筒体５５は、炉５７の排ガスが円筒体５５の中に入る構成となっている。 The screw press 52 has the same configuration as the screw press 12. The blower 53 has a fan (not shown). The blower 53 is configured to be able to apply the wind of the fan to an object sent to the blower 53.
The first dryer 54 has a cylindrical body 55 that rotates. A blade (not shown) is planted inside the cylindrical body 55. The cylindrical body 55 is configured to be able to rotate and to stir things in the cylindrical body 55. The cylindrical body 55 is connected to a furnace 57 of the boiler 56. The cylindrical body 55 is configured such that the exhaust gas from the furnace 57 enters the cylindrical body 55.
　ボイラ５６は、ボイラ１４と同様の構成を有し、燃料を燃やす炉５７を有する。
　分離槽５９は中空容器である。分離槽５９は、スキマ１８と同様の構成のスキマ６０と、フィルタ１９と同様の構成のフィルタ６１を有する。
　第１の濾過機６３は、濾材としてフィルタ６４を有する。フィルタ６４は、アブラヤシの種子の殻を蒸し焼きにした炭化物である。アブラヤシの種子の殻は、パーム核オイルの製造過程から出たものである。 The boiler 56 has the same configuration as the boiler 14 and has a furnace 57 for burning fuel.
The separation tank 59 is a hollow container. The separation tank 59 includes a clearance 60 having a configuration similar to that of the clearance 18 and a filter 61 having a configuration similar to that of the filter 19.
The first filter 63 has a filter 64 as a filter medium. The filter 64 is a carbide obtained by steaming an oil palm seed shell. Oilseed seed husks come from the process of producing palm kernel oil.
　貯水槽６６は、中空容器である。
　第２の乾燥機６８は、乾燥室６９と加熱室７０を有する。乾燥室６９と加熱室７０とは、隔壁７１を介して互いに隣接している。乾燥室６９はポンプ７２の吸引側に接続されており、加熱室７０はボイラ５６に接続されている。
　ポンプ７２は、乾燥室６９から空気や蒸気を吸引し、乾燥室６９の中を減圧可能に構成されている。 The water storage tank 66 is a hollow container.
The second dryer 68 has a drying chamber 69 and a heating chamber 70. The drying chamber 69 and the heating chamber 70 are adjacent to each other through the partition wall 71. The drying chamber 69 is connected to the suction side of the pump 72, and the heating chamber 70 is connected to the boiler 56.
The pump 72 is configured such that air and steam are sucked from the drying chamber 69 and the inside of the drying chamber 69 can be decompressed.
　コンデンサ７４の一次側入口はポンプ７２の吐出側に接続されている。冷却水がコンデンサ７４の二次側を流れている。コンデンサ７４は、ポンプ７２が乾燥室６９から吸引した蒸気を冷却して凝縮して液化可能に構成されている。
　第２の濾過機７６は、濾材としてフィルタ７７を有する。フィルタ７７はフィルタ６４と同じものである。第２の濾過機７６はコンデンサ７４の一次側出口に接続されている。 The primary inlet of the condenser 74 is connected to the discharge side of the pump 72. Cooling water flows on the secondary side of the condenser 74. The condenser 74 is configured such that the vapor sucked from the drying chamber 69 by the pump 72 is cooled and condensed to be liquefied.
The second filter 76 has a filter 77 as a filter medium. The filter 77 is the same as the filter 64. The second filter 76 is connected to the primary outlet of the capacitor 74.
　遠心分離機７９は、従来あるものと同様の構成を有する。遠心分離機７９は、遠心力により液体と固形物を分離可能に構成されている。
　貯留槽８１、８２は、ともに中空容器である。貯留槽８１はその中の物を撹拌するためのインペラ（図示略）を有する。
　混合槽８４は、混合槽３４と同様の構成を有する。
　反応槽８５は、反応槽３６と同様の構成を有する。 The centrifuge 79 has the same configuration as that of a conventional one. The centrifuge 79 is configured to be able to separate liquid and solid matter by centrifugal force.
The storage tanks 81 and 82 are both hollow containers. The storage tank 81 has an impeller (not shown) for stirring the contents therein.
The mixing tank 84 has the same configuration as the mixing tank 34.
The reaction tank 85 has the same configuration as the reaction tank 36.
　処理施設１０Ｂは、以上に説明した構成を備えている。次に、処理施設１０Ｂによる空果房ＥＦＢと廃液ＰＯＭＥの処理を順番に説明する。
　空果房ＥＦＢと廃液ＰＯＭＥが、パームオイル製造工場から処理施設１０Ｂに搬入される。これらの空果房ＥＦＢと廃液ＰＯＭＥは、第１の実施の形態で処理施設１０Ａに搬入されるものと同じものである。
　図４に示すように、処理施設１０Ｂでは、まず、空果房ＥＦＢがスクリュープレス５２に供給される。スクリュープレス５２が、空果房ＥＦＢと空果房ＥＦＢに残存している果実を圧搾する。空果房ＥＦＢは、圧搾され、ばらばらに壊れて残骸Ｒ２となる。 The processing facility 10B has the configuration described above. Next, processing of empty fruit bunch EFB and waste liquid POME by processing facility 10B will be described in order.
The empty fruit bunch EFB and the waste liquid POME are carried into the treatment facility 10B from the palm oil manufacturing factory. These empty fruit bunches EFB and waste liquid POME are the same as those carried into the treatment facility 10A in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the processing facility 10 </ b> B, first, the empty fruit bunches EFB are supplied to the screw press 52. The screw press 52 squeezes the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunches EFB and empty fruit bunches EFB. The empty fruit bunch EFB is squeezed and broken apart into a remnant R2.
　空果房ＥＦＢに残存している果実は、スクリュープレス５２によって圧搾され壊れる。スクリュープレス５２では、圧搾された果実から、粗パームオイルＣＰＯが搾り取られる。同時に、果実の種子の核からパーム核オイルが搾り取られる。このパーム核オイルは、スクリュープレス５２が搾り取る粗パームオイルＣＰＯの中に入る。また、スクリュープレス５２は、空果房ＥＦＢに付着している粗パームオイルＣＰＯを一緒に搾り取る。 The fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch EFB is squeezed and broken by the screw press 52. In the screw press 52, the crude palm oil CPO is squeezed out from the pressed fruit. At the same time, palm kernel oil is squeezed from the seed kernels. This palm kernel oil enters the crude palm oil CPO that the screw press 52 squeezes out. Moreover, the screw press 52 squeezes together the crude palm oil CPO adhering to the empty fruit bunches EFB.
　スクリュープレス５２での処理工程が、第１の工程Ｓ１である。
　残骸Ｒ２は、スクリュープレス５２から送風装置５３に送られる。また、スクリュープレス５２が搾り取った粗パームオイルＣＰＯは、第２の乾燥機６８の乾燥室６９に送られる。
　送風装置５３では、ファンの風が残骸Ｒ２に当たる。この風により、残骸Ｒ２の中の水の一部が蒸発する。送風装置５３を出た残骸Ｒ２は、第１の乾燥機５４に送られる。 The processing step in the screw press 52 is the first step S1.
The debris R2 is sent from the screw press 52 to the blower 53. The crude palm oil CPO squeezed by the screw press 52 is sent to the drying chamber 69 of the second dryer 68.
In the blower 53, the wind of the fan strikes the debris R2. This wind evaporates a part of the water in the remnant R2. The debris R2 that has left the blower 53 is sent to the first dryer 54.
　ボイラ５６は、予め、重油を燃料として運転されている。ボイラ５６の炉５７から高温の排ガスＧ２が発生する。排ガスＧ２は第１の乾燥機５４の円筒体５５に送られる。
　残骸Ｒ２は、風装置５３から取り出されて、第１の乾燥機５４の自転する円筒体５５の中に投入される。自転する円筒体５５の中で、残骸Ｒ２は転動しつつ羽根板に当たり、撹拌される。排ガスＧ２は、円筒体５５の中に入り、撹拌されている残骸Ｒ２と直接接触する。 The boiler 56 is previously operated using heavy oil as fuel. High temperature exhaust gas G2 is generated from the furnace 57 of the boiler 56. The exhaust gas G2 is sent to the cylindrical body 55 of the first dryer 54.
The debris R2 is taken out from the wind device 53 and put into the rotating cylindrical body 55 of the first dryer 54. In the cylindrical body 55 that rotates, the remnant R2 hits the blade plate while being rolled and is stirred. The exhaust gas G2 enters the cylindrical body 55 and comes into direct contact with the stirred debris R2.
　排ガスＧ２の熱が、円筒体５５の中の残骸Ｒ２を１２０～２００℃に加熱する。残骸Ｒ２から水が蒸発し、残骸Ｒ２が乾燥する。また、円筒体５５の中において、残骸Ｒ２に付着している粗パームオイルＣＰＯ中のカルボン酸トリグリセリドが加水分解する。この加水分解が残骸Ｒ２から水を奪う。
　排ガスＧ２中の粉塵は、撹拌されている残骸Ｒ２と接触する。そして、残骸Ｒ２が排ガスＧ２中の粉塵を捕捉する。第１の乾燥機５４で乾燥した残骸Ｒ２は、排ガスＧ２から捕捉した粉塵と一緒にボイラ５６に送られる。排ガスＧ２は、残骸Ｒ２によって粉塵を除去され、円筒体５５から外に排出される。 The heat of the exhaust gas G2 heats the remnant R2 in the cylindrical body 55 to 120 to 200 ° C. Water evaporates from the debris R2, and the debris R2 is dried. In the cylindrical body 55, the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO adhering to the remnant R2 is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the debris R2.
The dust in the exhaust gas G2 comes into contact with the agitated debris R2. The debris R2 captures dust in the exhaust gas G2. The debris R2 dried by the first dryer 54 is sent to the boiler 56 together with the dust captured from the exhaust gas G2. The exhaust gas G2 is dust-removed by the debris R2, and is discharged out of the cylindrical body 55.
　ボイラ５６へ送られた残骸Ｒ２は、炉５７の中で重油とともに燃やされる。高温の蒸気Ｖ３がボイラ５６から発生する。蒸気Ｖ３は第２の乾燥機６８の加熱室７０へ送られる。
　仮に、ダイオキシンや芳香族塩素化合物が排ガスＧ２中の粉塵に含まれていたとしても、円筒体５５の中で残骸Ｒ２がこれらの有害物質を捕捉する。そして、残骸Ｒ２が捕捉した有害物質は、炉５７の中で熱分解する。
　送風装置５３での処理から、炉５７での残骸Ｒ２の焼却までの工程が、第２の工程Ｓ２である。 The debris R2 sent to the boiler 56 is burned together with heavy oil in the furnace 57. Hot steam V <b> 3 is generated from the boiler 56. The steam V3 is sent to the heating chamber 70 of the second dryer 68.
Even if dioxins and aromatic chlorine compounds are contained in the dust in the exhaust gas G2, the remnant R2 captures these harmful substances in the cylindrical body 55. The harmful substance captured by the debris R2 is thermally decomposed in the furnace 57.
The process from the process in the blower 53 to the incineration of the debris R2 in the furnace 57 is the second process S2.
　図５に示すように、廃液ＰＯＭＥが、分離槽５９に投入される。廃液ＰＯＭＥを分離槽５９に投入した後、フィルタ６１が廃液ＰＯＭＥの中に沈められる。フィルタ６１が廃液ＰＯＭＥ中の固形物Ｂ２の少なくとも一部を捕捉する。フィルタ６１が固形物Ｂ２を捕捉した後、フィルタ６１が分離槽５９から引き上げられる。そして、固形物Ｂ２がフィルタ６１から取り出される。 As shown in FIG. 5, the waste liquid POME is put into the separation tank 59. After putting the waste liquid POME into the separation tank 59, the filter 61 is submerged in the waste liquid POME. The filter 61 captures at least a part of the solid matter B2 in the waste liquid POME. After the filter 61 captures the solid B2, the filter 61 is pulled up from the separation tank 59. Then, the solid B2 is taken out from the filter 61.
　分離槽５９の中で、スキマ６０が、廃液ＰＯＭＥの表面に浮遊する粗パームオイルＣＰＯをかきとって捕捉する。また、分離槽５９の底から、沈殿した固形物Ｂ２が取り出される。フィルタ６１から取り出した固形物Ｂ２と、分離槽５９の底から取り出した固形物Ｂ２は、粗パームオイルＣＰＯを含んでいる。
　フィルタ６１から取り出した固形物Ｂ２と、分離槽５９の底から取り出した固形物Ｂ２と、スキマ６０が捕捉した粗パームオイルＣＰＯと、が、第２の乾燥機６８の乾燥室６９に送られる。分離槽５９の中には、廃液ＰＯＭＥから分離された水Ｗ４が残っている。水Ｗ４は第１の濾過機６３に送られる。水Ｗ４中には粗パームオイルＣＰＯや固形物Ｂ２が残っている。このため、水Ｗ４のＢＯＤは非常に高い。 In the separation tank 59, the skimmer 60 scrapes and captures the crude palm oil CPO floating on the surface of the waste liquid POME. Further, the precipitated solid B2 is taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 59. The solid matter B2 taken out from the filter 61 and the solid matter B2 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 59 contain crude palm oil CPO.
The solid matter B2 taken out from the filter 61, the solid matter B2 taken out from the bottom of the separation tank 59, and the crude palm oil CPO captured by the skimmer 60 are sent to the drying chamber 69 of the second dryer 68. In the separation tank 59, the water W4 separated from the waste liquid POME remains. The water W4 is sent to the first filter 63. Crude palm oil CPO and solid matter B2 remain in the water W4. For this reason, the BOD of the water W4 is very high.
　第１の濾過機６３が水Ｗ４を濾過する。水Ｗ４はフィルタ６４によって濾過されて水Ｗ５となる。フィルタ６４が水Ｗ４中の粗パームオイルＣＰＯや固形物Ｂ２を捕捉する。水Ｗ５のＢＯＤは、水Ｗ４のＢＯＤよりも低下する。水Ｗ５は貯水槽６６に送られる。使用済みのフィルタ６４は、ボイラ５６の炉５７に送られて、燃やされる。
　分離槽５９と第１の濾過機６３での処理工程が、第３の工程Ｓ３である。 The first filter 63 filters the water W4. The water W4 is filtered by the filter 64 to become water W5. The filter 64 captures the crude palm oil CPO and the solid matter B2 in the water W4. The BOD of the water W5 is lower than the BOD of the water W4. The water W5 is sent to the water storage tank 66. The used filter 64 is sent to the furnace 57 of the boiler 56 and burned.
A processing step in the separation tank 59 and the first filter 63 is a third step S3.
　第２の乾燥機６８の加熱室７０に、蒸気Ｖ３がボイラ５６から送られて来る。蒸気Ｖ３の熱が、加熱室７０から隔壁７１を介して乾燥室６９に伝わる。蒸気Ｖ３の熱が、乾燥室６９の中の粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２を、１２０～２００℃に加熱する。
　乾燥室６９で粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２が加熱される際、ポンプ７２が乾燥室６９から空気を吸引する。乾燥室６９の中は大気圧以下に減圧される。減圧環境下の乾燥室６９の中では、加熱された粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２から、水が蒸気Ｖ４となって蒸発する。 Steam V 3 is sent from the boiler 56 to the heating chamber 70 of the second dryer 68. The heat of the steam V3 is transmitted from the heating chamber 70 to the drying chamber 69 through the partition wall 71. The heat of the steam V3 heats the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 in the drying chamber 69 to 120 to 200 ° C.
When the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 are heated in the drying chamber 69, the pump 72 sucks air from the drying chamber 69. The inside of the drying chamber 69 is depressurized to atmospheric pressure or less. In the drying chamber 69 under a reduced pressure environment, water evaporates as steam V4 from the heated crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2.
　乾燥室６３において、固形物Ｂ２中の水が粗パームオイルＣＰＯに置き換わる。また、乾燥室６３において、粗パームオイルＣＰＯ中のカルボン酸トリグリセリドが加水分解する。この加水分解が粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２から水を奪う。
　ポンプ７２が、蒸気Ｖ４を乾燥室６９の空気とともに吸引する。ポンプ７２が吸引した空気と蒸気Ｖ４は、コンデンサ７４の一次側に送られる。 In the drying chamber 63, the water in the solid B2 is replaced with the crude palm oil CPO. In the drying chamber 63, the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2.
The pump 72 sucks the vapor V4 together with the air in the drying chamber 69. The air and steam V4 sucked by the pump 72 are sent to the primary side of the condenser 74.
　コンデンサ７４において、蒸気Ｖ４は、コンデンサ７４の二次側を流れる冷却水によって冷却される。蒸気Ｖ４は凝縮して液化し、水Ｗ６となる。水Ｗ６中には粗パームオイルＣＰＯや固形物Ｂ２に由来する様々な成分が含まれている。このため、水Ｗ６のＢＯＤは非常に高い。水Ｗ６は、コンデンサ３０から第２の濾過機７６に送られる。
　第２の濾過機７６が水Ｗ６を濾過する。水Ｗ６は濾過されて水Ｗ７となる。フィルタ７７が水Ｗ６中の様々な成分を捕捉する。水Ｗ７のＢＯＤは、水Ｗ６のＢＯＤよりも低下する。水Ｗ７は貯水槽６６に送られる。使用済みのフィルタ７７は、ボイラ５６の炉５７に送られて、燃やされる。 In the condenser 74, the steam V <b> 4 is cooled by the cooling water flowing on the secondary side of the condenser 74. The steam V4 is condensed and liquefied to become water W6. The water W6 contains various components derived from the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2. For this reason, the BOD of the water W6 is very high. The water W6 is sent from the condenser 30 to the second filter 76.
The second filter 76 filters the water W6. Water W6 is filtered to become water W7. Filter 77 captures various components in water W6. The BOD of the water W7 is lower than the BOD of the water W6. The water W7 is sent to the water storage tank 66. The used filter 77 is sent to the furnace 57 of the boiler 56 and burned.
　貯水槽６６には、水Ｗ８がたまっている。水Ｗ８は、水Ｗ５と水Ｗ７が混ざったものである。
　第２の乾燥機６８において、粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２からの水の蒸発が終わると、粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２は、乾燥室６９から取り出される。取り出された粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２は、遠心分離機７９に送られる。遠心分離機７９が粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２とを遠心分離する。 The water storage tank 66 is filled with water W8. Water W8 is a mixture of water W5 and water W7.
When the second dryer 68 finishes evaporation of the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2, the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 are taken out from the drying chamber 69. The extracted crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 are sent to the centrifuge 79. The centrifuge 79 centrifuges the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2.
　遠心分離機７９で分離された固形物Ｂ２は、貯留槽８１に蓄えられる。遠心分離機７９で分離された粗パームオイルＣＰＯは、貯留槽８２に蓄えられる。貯留槽８２に蓄えられた粗パームオイルＣＰＯは、パーム核オイルを含んでいる。このパーム核オイルは、第１の工程Ｓ１において、スクリュープレス５２が核から搾り取ったものである。
　貯留槽８１に蓄えられた固形物Ｂ２の主成分は、アブラヤシの果肉である。また、この固形物Ｂ２には、粗パームオイルＣＰＯやパーム核オイルが付着している。貯留槽８１では、固形物Ｂ２に付着した粗パームオイルＣＰＯ中のカルボン酸トリグリセリドが加水分解する。この加水分解が固形物Ｂ２から水を奪う。 The solid matter B2 separated by the centrifuge 79 is stored in the storage tank 81. The crude palm oil CPO separated by the centrifuge 79 is stored in the storage tank 82. The crude palm oil CPO stored in the storage tank 82 contains palm kernel oil. This palm kernel oil is the one pressed by the screw press 52 from the nucleus in the first step S1.
The main component of the solid B2 stored in the storage tank 81 is oil palm pulp. Moreover, crude palm oil CPO and palm kernel oil have adhered to this solid substance B2. In the storage tank 81, the carboxylic acid triglyceride in the crude palm oil CPO attached to the solid B2 is hydrolyzed. This hydrolysis takes water from the solid B2.
　貯留槽８１の固形物Ｂ２は、家畜の飼料や飼料の原料として利用可能である。また、貯留槽８１の固形物Ｂ２と貯留槽８２の粗パームオイルＣＰＯを適宜混合することにより、家畜の飼料の成分比が調整される。
　第２の乾燥機６８、コンデンサ７４、第２の濾過機７６及び遠心分離機７９での処理工程が、第５の工程Ｓ５である。 The solid B2 in the storage tank 81 can be used as a livestock feed or feed material. Moreover, the component ratio of the livestock feed is adjusted by appropriately mixing the solid B2 in the storage tank 81 and the crude palm oil CPO in the storage tank 82.
The processing step in the second dryer 68, the condenser 74, the second filter 76 and the centrifuge 79 is the fifth step S5.
　ボイラ５６の炉５７の中には、残骸Ｒ２が燃えた灰Ａ２がたまる。灰Ａ２の中には、フィルタ６４、７７が燃えた灰が入っている。図６に示すように、炉５７から灰Ａ２が取り出される。灰Ａ２と、貯水槽６６の水Ｗ８と、珪酸カルシウムと、ミネラル成分と、が、混合槽８４に投入される。ミネラル成分は、リン、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄、マンガン、ホウ素、亜鉛、モリブデン、銅、及び、セレンのうちの少なくともいずれかひとつの成分又は複数の成分を有する。ミネラル成分の内容は灰Ａ２の組成に応じて定まる。 In the furnace 57 of the boiler 56, the ash A2 burned with the wreckage R2 is accumulated. In the ash A2, ash burned by the filters 64 and 77 is contained. As shown in FIG. 6, the ash A2 is taken out from the furnace 57. Ashes A2, water W8 of the water storage tank 66, calcium silicate, and mineral components are charged into the mixing tank 84. The mineral component has at least one component or a plurality of components of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium. The content of the mineral component is determined according to the composition of the ash A2.
　灰Ａ２と水Ｗ８と珪酸カルシウムとミネラル成分とは、混合槽８４のインペラによって混合されて第２の混合物Ｍ４となる。第２の混合物Ｍ４は混合槽８４から反応槽８５へ送られる。
　濃硫酸が、反応槽８５の中の第２の混合物Ｍ４に加えられる。濃硫酸と第２の混合物Ｍ４は、反応槽８５のインペラによって混合される。第２の混合物Ｍ４の珪酸カルシウムが濃硫酸と反応する。そして、第２の混合物Ｍ４が固形化し、第３の混合物Ｍ５となる。 The ash A2, water W8, calcium silicate, and mineral components are mixed by the impeller of the mixing tank 84 to become the second mixture M4. The second mixture M4 is sent from the mixing tank 84 to the reaction tank 85.
Concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture M4 in the reaction vessel 85. Concentrated sulfuric acid and the second mixture M4 are mixed by the impeller of the reaction tank 85. The calcium silicate of the second mixture M4 reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid. Then, the second mixture M4 is solidified to become the third mixture M5.
　混合槽８４及び反応槽８５での処理工程が、第６の工程Ｓ６である。
　第３の混合物Ｍ５は、残骸Ｒ２に由来するカリウム、アブラヤシに由来する様々な有機成分、珪酸カルシウムに由来する珪素とカルシウム、ミネラル成分、濃硫酸に由来する硫黄を含んでいる。これらの成分は、植物が生育する上で有用な成分である。
　したがって、第３の混合物Ｍ５は、肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。第３の混合物Ｍ５に貯留槽８１の固形物Ｂ２を加えて発酵させてもよい。この発酵物は、肥料や堆肥として利用可能であり、肥料や堆肥の原料としても利用可能である。 The treatment process in the mixing tank 84 and the reaction tank 85 is a sixth process S6.
The third mixture M5 contains potassium derived from the remnant R2, various organic components derived from oil palm, silicon and calcium derived from calcium silicate, mineral components, and sulfur derived from concentrated sulfuric acid. These components are useful components for plant growth.
Therefore, the third mixture M5 can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost. You may make it ferment by adding the solid B2 of the storage tank 81 to the 3rd mixture M5. This fermented material can be used as fertilizer or compost, and can also be used as a raw material for fertilizer or compost.
　第２の工程Ｓ２と第５の工程Ｓ５では、残骸Ｒ２や粗パームオイルが２００℃を超える温度まで加熱されない。したがって、多環芳香族炭化水素や芳香族カルボン酸は発生しない。
　排ガスＧ２の熱によって、乾燥室６９の中の粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２を加熱することが可能である。この場合、排ガスＧ２を乾燥室６９に直接送ることが可能である。あるいは、排ガスＧ２を加熱室７０に送ることも可能である。 In the second step S2 and the fifth step S5, the debris R2 and the crude palm oil are not heated to a temperature exceeding 200 ° C. Therefore, no polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic carboxylic acid is generated.
The crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 in the drying chamber 69 can be heated by the heat of the exhaust gas G2. In this case, the exhaust gas G2 can be sent directly to the drying chamber 69. Alternatively, the exhaust gas G2 can be sent to the heating chamber 70.
　ボイラ５６の炉５７の熱によってオレイン酸を加熱することが可能である。この加熱したオレイン酸の熱によって、第１の乾燥機５４で残骸Ｒ２を加熱できる。また、加熱したオレイン酸の熱によって、第２の乾燥機６８で粗パームオイルＣＰＯと固形物Ｂ２とを加熱できる。
　第６の工程Ｓ６において、水Ｗ８の代わりに、水Ｗ４や水Ｗ６を用いることが可能である。また、水Ｗ８の代わりに、廃液ＰＯＭＥをそのまま用いることも可能である。 The oleic acid can be heated by the heat of the furnace 57 of the boiler 56. The debris R2 can be heated by the first dryer 54 by the heat of the heated oleic acid. Further, the crude palm oil CPO and the solid B2 can be heated by the second dryer 68 by the heat of the heated oleic acid.
In the sixth step S6, water W4 or water W6 can be used instead of the water W8. Moreover, it is also possible to use the waste liquid POME as it is instead of the water W8.
　本発明に係る粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法は、廃棄物を効率よく処理する方法として有用である。また、廃棄物の有効活用を可能とする方法としても有用である。 The method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to the present invention is useful as a method for efficiently treating waste. It is also useful as a method that enables effective use of waste.
　１０Ａ、１０Ｂ　　処理施設
　１２、５２　　スクリュープレス
　５３　　送風装置
　１３、５４　　第１の乾燥機
　５５　　円筒体
　１４、５６　　ボイラ
　１５、５７　　炉
　１７、５９　　分離槽
　１８、６０　　スキマ
　１９、６１　　フィルタ
　６３　　第１の濾過機
　６４　　フィルタ
　２１、６６　　貯水槽
　２３、６８　　第２の乾燥機
　２４、６９　　乾燥室
　２５、７０　　加熱室
　２６、７１　　隔壁
　２８、７２　　ポンプ
　３０、７４　　コンデンサ
　７６　　第２の濾過機
　７７　　フィルタ
　７９　　遠心分離機
　３２、８１、８２　　貯留槽
　３４、８４　　混合槽
　３６、８５　　反応槽
　Ｓ１　　第１の工程
　Ｓ２　　第２の工程
　Ｓ３　　第３の工程
　Ｓ４　　第４の工程
　Ｓ５　　第５の工程
　Ｓ６　　第６の工程
　ＣＰＯ　　粗パームオイル
　ＥＦＢ　　粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た空果房
　Ｒ１、Ｒ２　　空果房の残骸
　ＰＯＭＥ　　粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液
　Ｂ１、Ｂ２　　廃液中に含まれていた固形物
　Ｇ１、Ｇ２　　ボイラの炉から発生した排ガス
　Ｖ１、Ｖ３　　ボイラから発生した蒸気
　Ｖ２、Ｖ４　　粗パームオイルと固形物から蒸発した蒸気
　Ｗ１、Ｗ４　　廃液から分離した水
　Ｗ５　　廃液から分離した水を濾過した水
　Ｗ２、Ｗ６　　コンデンサで凝縮した水
　Ｗ７　　コンデンサで凝縮した水を濾過した水
　Ｗ３、Ｗ８　　貯水槽の水
　Ａ１、Ａ２　　空果房の残骸が燃えた灰
　Ｍ１　　第１の混合物
　Ｍ２、Ｍ４　　第２の混合物
　Ｍ３、Ｍ５　　第３の混合物 10A, 10B Treatment facility 12, 52 Screw press 53 Blower device 13, 54 First dryer 55 Cylindrical body 14, 56 Boiler 15, 57 Furnace 17, 59 Separation tank 18, 60 Clearance 19, 61 Filter 63 First filtration Machine 64 Filter 21, 66 Reservoir 23, 68 Second dryer 24, 69 Drying chamber 25, 70 Heating chamber 26, 71 Partition 28, 72 Pump 30, 74 Capacitor 76 Second filter 77 Filter 79 Centrifuge 32, 81, 82 Storage tank 34, 84 Mixing tank 36, 85 Reaction tank S1 1st process S2 2nd process S3 3rd process S4 4th process S5 5th process S6 6th process CPO Crude palm Oil EFB Empty fruit bunch R1, R2 Empty fruit bunch left from the production process of crude palm oil POME Coarse Waste liquid from the production process of mu oil B1, B2 Solid matter contained in waste liquid G1, G2 Exhaust gas generated from boiler furnace V1, V3 Steam generated from boiler V2, V4 Evaporated from crude palm oil and solid matter Steam W1, W4 Water separated from waste liquid W5 Water separated from waste liquid filtered water W2, W6 Water condensed by condenser W7 Water condensed by condenser W3, W8 Water in reservoir A1, A2 Empty fruit bunch M1 first mixture M2, M4 second mixture M3, M5 third mixture

Claims (23)

  1. 　粗パームオイルの製造過程から出たアブラヤシの空果房を圧搾する第１の工程と、
    　前記第１の工程で圧搾した後に残った空果房の残骸を、加熱して水を蒸発させてから、炉の中で燃やす第２の工程と、を有し、
    　前記第２の工程における加熱の熱源が、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から出る排ガスであることを特徴とする粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     A first step of squeezing an empty fruit bunch of oil palm from the production process of crude palm oil;
    A second step of heating the empty fruit bunch debris left after squeezing in the first step to evaporate the water and then burning it in a furnace;
    A method for treating waste discharged from a process for producing crude palm oil, wherein the heat source for heating in the second step is exhaust gas from a furnace for burning empty fruit bunch debris in the second step.
  2. 　前記第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を加熱する際に、空果房の残骸を撹拌するとともに、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から出る排ガスを、撹拌されている空果房の残骸に直接接触させることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 In the second step, when the empty fruit bunch debris is heated, the empty fruit bunch debris is agitated, and in the second step, the exhaust gas from the furnace that burns the empty fruit bunch debris is stirred. 2. The method for treating waste from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 1, wherein the waste is left in direct contact with the remnants of empty fruit bunch.
  3. 　前記第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を加熱する前に、空果房の残骸に風を当てて、空果房の残骸の中に含まれる水の少なくとも一部を蒸発させることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 In the second step, before heating the empty fruit bunch remnants, wind is applied to the empty fruit bunch remnants to evaporate at least a portion of the water contained in the empty fruit bunch remnants. The processing method of the waste material which came out of the manufacturing process of the crude palm oil of Claim 1 or Claim 2.
  4. 　前記第２の工程において、空果房の残骸を１２０～２００℃に加熱することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 The process for producing crude palm oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the second step, the remnants of empty fruit bunches are heated to 120 to 200 ° C. Disposal method of waste.
  5. 　粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液中から水を分離して、この廃液中から粗パームオイル及び固形物を取り出す第３の工程と、
    　前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物を、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させて、水が蒸発した後に残った粗パームオイル及び固形物を混合して第１の混合物をつくる第４の工程と、を有することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     A third step of separating water from the waste liquid produced from the production process of the crude palm oil and taking out the crude palm oil and solids from the waste liquid;
    The crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in the third step are heated in a reduced pressure environment to evaporate water, and the crude palm oil and solid matter remaining after the water is evaporated are mixed to form the first A fourth method for producing a mixture, and a method for treating waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
  6. 　前記第４の工程において、前記第１の工程でアブラヤシの空果房に残存していた果実から圧搾して搾り取った粗パームオイルを、前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物と一緒に、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させて、水が蒸発した後に残った粗パームオイル及び固形物を混合して第１の混合物をつくることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 In the fourth step, the crude palm oil and solid matter obtained by extracting the crude palm oil squeezed and squeezed from the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch of the oil palm in the first step in the third step And evaporating the water by heating under a reduced pressure environment and mixing the crude palm oil and solids remaining after the water has evaporated to form a first mixture. The processing method of the waste material which came out of the manufacturing process of the description crude palm oil.
  7. 　前記第４の工程における加熱の熱源が、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源とするボイラから発生する蒸気と、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源として加熱した油と、のうちのいずれか一方または両方であることを特徴とする請求項５または請求項６に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 The heat source for heating in the fourth step is steam generated from a boiler that uses the furnace for burning empty debris in the second step as a heat source, and the furnace for burning empty debris in the second step The method for treating waste from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the oil is one or both of oil heated using as a heat source.
  8. 　前記第４の工程において、減圧環境の下で粗パームオイル及び固形物を１２０～２００℃に加熱することを特徴とする請求項５から請求項７のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 The crude oil according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein in the fourth step, the crude palm oil and the solid are heated to 120 to 200 ° C under a reduced pressure environment. A method for treating waste from the manufacturing process of palm oil.
  9. 　前記第４の工程において、粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮して水とすることを特徴とする請求項５から請求項８のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 The crude palm oil according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein in the fourth step, the steam generated from the crude palm oil and the solid is condensed into water. Of waste generated from the manufacturing process.
  10. 　前記第４の工程において、凝縮した水を、アブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過し、
    　前記第２の工程において、前記第４の工程で水を濾過して使用済みとなった濾材を、空果房の残骸とともに炉の中で燃やすことを特徴とする請求項９に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     In the fourth step, the condensed water is filtered using the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium,
    The crude palm according to claim 9, wherein, in the second step, the filter medium that has been used after filtering water in the fourth step is burned in a furnace together with the remnants of empty fruit bunches. A method for treating waste from the oil production process.
  11. 　粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液中から水を分離して、この廃液中から粗パームオイル及び固形物を取り出す第３の工程と、
    　前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物を、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させて、水が蒸発した後に残った粗パームオイルと固形物とを分離して取り出す第５の工程と、を有することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     A third step of separating water from the waste liquid produced from the production process of the crude palm oil and taking out the crude palm oil and solids from the waste liquid;
    The crude palm oil and solid matter taken out in the third step are heated under reduced pressure to evaporate water, and the crude palm oil and solid matter remaining after the water is evaporated are separated and taken out. 5. The method for treating waste from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
  12. 　前記第５の工程において、前記第１の工程でアブラヤシの空果房に残存していた果実から圧搾して搾り取った粗パームオイルを、前記第３の工程で取り出した粗パームオイル及び固形物と一緒に、減圧環境の下で加熱して水を蒸発させることを特徴とする請求項１１に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 In the fifth step, the crude palm oil and the solid matter obtained by extracting the crude palm oil squeezed and squeezed from the fruit remaining in the empty fruit bunch of the oil palm in the first step. The method for treating waste from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 11, wherein the water is evaporated by heating in a reduced pressure environment.
  13. 　前記第５の工程における加熱の熱源が、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源とするボイラから発生する蒸気と、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉を熱源として加熱した油と、のうちのいずれか一方または両方であることを特徴とする請求項１１または請求項１２に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 The heat source for heating in the fifth step is steam generated from a boiler whose heat source is the furnace that burns the empty debris in the second step, and the furnace for burning empty debris in the second step The method for treating waste from the process of producing crude palm oil according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the oil is any one or both of oil heated using as a heat source.
  14. 　前記第５の工程において、減圧環境の下で粗パームオイル及び固形物を１２０～２００℃に加熱することを特徴とする請求項１１から請求項１３のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 The crude oil according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein in the fifth step, the crude palm oil and the solid are heated to 120 to 200 ° C under a reduced pressure environment. A method for treating waste from the manufacturing process of palm oil.
  15. 　前記第５の工程において、粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮して水とすることを特徴とする請求項１１から請求項１４のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 The crude palm oil according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein in the fifth step, steam generated from the crude palm oil and solid matter is condensed into water. Of waste generated from the manufacturing process.
  16. 　前記第５の工程において、凝縮した水を、アブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過し、
    　前記第２の工程において、前記第５の工程で水を濾過して使用済みとなった濾材を、空果房の残骸とともに炉の中で燃やすことを特徴とする請求項１５に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     In the fifth step, the condensed water is filtered using the carbonized oil from the seed shell of oil palm as a filter medium,
    16. The crude palm according to claim 15, wherein in the second step, the filter medium used after filtering water in the fifth step is burned in a furnace together with the remnants of empty fruit bunches. A method for treating waste from the oil production process.
  17. 　前記第３の工程において、廃液から分離した水を、アブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過し、
    　前記第２の工程において、前記第３の工程で水を濾過して使用済みとなった濾材を、空果房の残骸とともに炉の中で燃やすことを特徴とする請求項５から請求項１６のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     In the third step, the water separated from the waste liquid is filtered using oil palm seed shell carbide as a filter medium,
    In the second step, the filter medium that has been used by filtering water in the third step is burned in a furnace together with the remnants of empty fruit bunches. The processing method of the waste output from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil as described in any one of the claims.
  18. 　前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸が燃えた灰と、水と、珪酸カルシウムと、を混合して第２の混合物をつくり、この第２の混合物に濃硫酸を加えて固形化して第３の混合物をつくる第６の工程を有し、
    　前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに用いる水の少なくとも一部または全部が、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液と、前記第４の工程で粗パームオイル及び固形物から発生した蒸気を凝縮した水と、この凝縮した水をアブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過した水と、のうちのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項９または請求項１０に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     In the second step, the ash burned with empty fruit bunch debris, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture to be solidified. A sixth step of making a mixture of
    In the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used when making the second mixture is obtained from the waste liquid obtained from the production process of the crude palm oil, and the crude palm oil and the solid matter in the fourth step. 11. The water according to claim 9, wherein water is obtained by condensing the generated steam, and water obtained by filtering the condensed water using oil seed shell carbide as a filter medium. Of waste generated from the manufacturing process of crude palm oil.
  19. 　前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸が燃えた灰と、水と、珪酸カルシウムと、を混合して第２の混合物をつくり、この第２の混合物に濃硫酸を加えて固形化して第３の混合物をつくる第６の工程を有し、
    　前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに用いる水の少なくとも一部または全部が、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液と、前記第５の工程で粗パームオイル及び固形物から蒸発した蒸気を凝縮した水と、この凝縮した水をアブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過した水と、のうちのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項１５または請求項１６に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     In the second step, the ash burned with empty fruit bunch debris, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture to be solidified. A sixth step of making a mixture of
    In the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used when forming the second mixture is obtained from the waste liquid obtained from the production process of the crude palm oil, and the crude palm oil and the solid matter in the fifth step. 17. The water according to claim 15, wherein the water is obtained by condensing the evaporated vapor, and water obtained by filtering the condensed water using a carbonized product of oil palm seed shell as a filter medium. Of waste generated from the manufacturing process of crude palm oil.
  20. 　前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸が燃えた灰と、水と、珪酸カルシウムと、を混合して第２の混合物をつくり、この第２の混合物に濃硫酸を加えて固形化して第３の混合物をつくる第６の工程を有し、
    　前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに用いる水の少なくとも一部または全部が、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液と、前記第３の工程で廃液から分離した水と、この分離した水をアブラヤシの種子の殻の炭化物を濾材として濾過した水と、のうちのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項５から請求項１７のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。     In the second step, the ash burned with empty fruit bunch debris, water, and calcium silicate are mixed to form a second mixture, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the second mixture to be solidified. A sixth step of making a mixture of
    In the sixth step, at least a part or all of the water used when making the second mixture is a waste liquid from the crude palm oil production process, and water separated from the waste liquid in the third step; 18. The water according to any one of claims 5 to 17, wherein the separated water is any one of water obtained by filtering the carbonized substance of oil palm seed shells as a filter medium. A method for treating waste from the production process of crude palm oil.
  21. 　前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに、混合する灰と水と珪酸カルシウムに、粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃液中から取り出した固形物を加えることを特徴とする請求項１８から請求項２０のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 In the sixth step, when the second mixture is formed, the solid matter taken out from the waste liquid from the crude palm oil production process is added to the ash, water and calcium silicate to be mixed. Item 21. A method for treating a waste produced from the process of producing crude palm oil according to any one of items 18 to 20.
  22. 　前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに、混合する灰と水と珪酸カルシウムに、リン、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄、マンガン、ホウ素、亜鉛、モリブデン、銅、及び、セレンのうちの少なくともいずれかひとつの成分又は複数の成分をミネラル成分として加えることを特徴とする請求項１８から請求項２１のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 In the sixth step, when the second mixture is formed, the ash, water, and calcium silicate to be mixed are mixed with phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium. The waste produced from the production process of the crude palm oil according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein at least one of the components or a plurality of components is added as a mineral component. How to handle things.
  23. 　前記第６の工程において、第２の混合物をつくるときに、混合する灰と水と珪酸カルシウムとに、前記第２の工程で空果房の残骸を燃やす炉から発生する排ガス中から捕捉した粉塵を加えることを特徴とする請求項１８から請求項２２のうちのいずれかの請求項に記載の粗パームオイルの製造過程から出た廃棄物の処理方法。 In the sixth step, when the second mixture is formed, the dust captured from the exhaust gas generated from the furnace that burns the remnants of empty fruit bunches in the second step to the ash, water, and calcium silicate to be mixed. The processing method of the waste material which came out from the manufacture process of the crude palm oil as described in any one of Claims 18-22 characterized by adding.
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