WO2010136234A1 - Determining the properties of a motor using a measuring component - Google Patents

Determining the properties of a motor using a measuring component Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010136234A1
WO2010136234A1 PCT/EP2010/053933 EP2010053933W WO2010136234A1 WO 2010136234 A1 WO2010136234 A1 WO 2010136234A1 EP 2010053933 W EP2010053933 W EP 2010053933W WO 2010136234 A1 WO2010136234 A1 WO 2010136234A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric motor
measuring
motor
component
property
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/053933
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Horbelt
Gabriel Wetzel
Siegmar Schoser
Paul Denter
Detlef Lauk
Andre Owerfeldt
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to EP10715744A priority Critical patent/EP2435836A1/en
Publication of WO2010136234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010136234A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/0016—Control of angular speed of one shaft without controlling the prime mover
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/484—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by contact-making switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/0094—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors wherein the position is detected using the ripple of the current caused by the commutator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/66—Structural association with auxiliary electric devices influencing the characteristic of, or controlling, the machine, e.g. with impedances or switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric motor, a method for determining a property of the electric motor according to the invention and an engine system for carrying out the method.
  • sensors for detecting information about the operating state of a rotary electric motor, for example via the speed of a DC motor.
  • sensors in particular position sensors are used, which interact with a detector, this
  • Object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor, in particular a DC motor, and a method with which a plurality of properties of the electric motor can be detected very accurately, with side effects on the one hand by the influence of the measurement on the operation of the electric motor and on the other hand by the influence be avoided by constructive components of the electric motor to the measurement, so that both the electric motor and the measurement are optimized for their original purpose.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with an electric motor according to claim 1, a method according to claim 4 and an engine system according to claim 5. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
  • An electric motor is constructed of a variety of structural components of mechanical or electrical nature, which are commonly used for the typical operation of the electric motor and determine the operation of the electric motor.
  • At least one structural component which is provided as a measuring component for measuring a property of the electric motor, and is not used in the operation of the electric motor for its typical operation.
  • the electric motor according to the invention therefore has at least two structural components of the same kind, of which one constructive component is used for the operation of the electric motor and the other structural component is used as the measuring component.
  • the measuring component is a constructive component of the electric motor, which is provided in addition to the constructive components used for the operation of the electric motor in the electric motor, and even in the operation of the
  • Electric motor is not used for its operation, it can be optimally designed for the measurement.
  • the other structural components of the electric motor for the operation of the electric motor can be optimally designed without having to take into account a measurement, due to the nature of the structural components should be provided with necessary for the measurement properties.
  • the provision of the measuring component therefore allows a separation of functions, despite the provision of the additional structural component, an improved design of all structural components of the electric motor according to their Purpose is possible.
  • a measurement of properties of the electric motor is therefore very accurately possible, in particular during operation of the electric motor, without adversely affecting the operation of the electric motor by the measurement.
  • the measurement component can be standardized.
  • the measuring component is a constructive component incorporated into the electric motor, it is also possible to influence the properties of the electric motor in a very targeted manner by means of the measuring component.
  • a measuring component according to the invention is a mechanical or an electrical component of the electric motor.
  • an additional measuring brush, an additional commutator or an additional winding is provided as the measuring component.
  • a plurality of measuring components can also be provided.
  • the object is further achieved with a method for determining a property of the electric motor according to the invention with the following steps:
  • the measurement component is supplied with the drive signal, an optimal adaptation of the measurement component leads to a very accurate measurement.
  • the structural components of the engine used for the operation need not be designed for the measurement.
  • a high-frequency drive signal is suitable both a purely sinusoidal signal and a mixed signal such as a rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, jump, pulse-shaped or similar signal.
  • the drive signal is modulated due to the rotation of the rotor of the electric motor. Since the complex resistance of the electric motor is determined by the entirety of the structural components of the electric motor, can be concluded from the demodulated resulting signal characteristics of the electric motor.
  • a motor system for carrying out the method according to the invention, which comprises the electric motor, a supply circuit for supplying the electric motor with a supply voltage and a measuring circuit for detecting the property of the electric motor.
  • the motor system enables optimized operation of the electric motor, wherein during the operation of the electric motor, a very accurate measurement of properties of the electric motor is possible.
  • the engine system also includes a controller, so that the operation of the electric motor is controllable based on its measured properties.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an inventive
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically an engine system for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • 1 shows schematically an electric motor 1 according to the invention. This is a DC motor with a commutator 6 and brushes 4, 5.
  • the commutator 6 and the brushes 4, 5 are structural components of the electric motor 1.
  • the electric motor 1 has a rotor 2 which is rotatably supported about an axis 3.
  • Fig. L (a) shows a schematic side view of
  • the electric motor 1 shown here in addition to two brushes 4, which are provided for the supply of a supply voltage, an additional measuring brush as a measuring component 5, which is provided only for a measurement of properties of the electric motor 1 and not for the operation of the electric motor 1.
  • the measuring brush 5 with a drive signal see Fig. 3 is applied.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a section of a further electric motor according to the invention 1.
  • a DC motor is shown.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically an engine system for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the electric motor 1 of FIG. 1 is shown here by way of example.
  • the motor system comprises, in addition to the electric motor 1, a voltage source 13 which provides a supply voltage to the brushes 4 of the electric motor 1 via the noise filter 12.
  • the motor system comprises a measuring circuit 8, which in turn comprises a signal generator 9 and a demodulator 9 and an evaluation unit 10.
  • the signal generator 9 generates a drive signal A, with which the measuring brush 5 is acted upon.
  • the drive signal A is fed via a coupling element in the electric motor 1, which is not shown here. Due to the rotation of the electric motor 1, the drive signal A is modulated to a resulting signal M.
  • the resulting signal M is then demodulated in the demodulator 10 to the demodulated signal D. From the demodulated signal D can finally be closed in the evaluation unit 11 to properties of the electric motor 1.
  • the drive signal A, the resulting signal M and the demodulated signal D are shown here by way of example.
  • As the drive signal A not only a high-frequency sinusoidal signal as shown can be used, but also a mixed signal composed of the superposition of two or more sinusoidal signals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric motor, especially a direct current motor, comprising a constructional component which is used for the typical operation of an electric motor, the electric motor comprising an additional constructional component of the same type which is used as the measuring component for measuring a property of the electric motor and which is not used for the typical operation of the electric motor. The present invention further relates to a method for determining a property of the electric motor according to the invention, said method comprising the following steps: coupling a high-frequency control signal into the electric motor; picking up a resulting signal on the electric motor; and evaluating the resulting signal and determining the property of the electric motor, the measuring component being supplied with the control signal. The invention further relates to a motor system for carrying out the method, said system comprising the electric motor, a supply circuit for supplying a supply voltage to the electric motor and a measurement circuit for detecting the property of the electric motor.

Description

Bestimmung von Motoreigenschaften mittels einer Messkomponente Determination of engine characteristics by means of a measuring component
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Elektromotor, ein Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Eigenschaft des erfindungsgemäßen Elektromotors sowie ein Motorsystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The present invention relates to an electric motor, a method for determining a property of the electric motor according to the invention and an engine system for carrying out the method.
Zur Erfassung von Informationen über den Betriebszustand eines rotatorischen Elektromotors, beispielsweise über die Drehzahl eines Gleichstrommotors, sind vielfältige Verfahren bekannt. Beispielsweise werden Sensoren, insbesondere Positionsgeber verwendet, die mit einem Detektor zusammenwirken, der dieseFor detecting information about the operating state of a rotary electric motor, for example via the speed of a DC motor, a variety of methods are known. For example, sensors, in particular position sensors are used, which interact with a detector, this
Information aus der Stellung des Rotors und/oder aus der Änderung der Stellung des Rotors ermittelt. Oder die Wicklungen des Gleichstrommotors werden mit einem Strom angesteuert, und aus Schwankungen der Stromstärke wird auf die Drehzahl geschlossen. Auch aus dem Verlauf der Stromaufnahme beim Überstreichen der Kommutatorlamellen eines Gleichstrommotors kann auf einen Wechsel zwischen den Kommutatorlamellen geschlossen werden.Information from the position of the rotor and / or determined from the change in the position of the rotor. Or the windings of the DC motor are driven by a current, and from fluctuations in the current intensity is closed to the speed. Also from the course of current consumption when sweeping the commutator bars of a DC motor can be concluded that there is a change between the commutator bars.
Solche Messungen beeinflussen häufig den Betrieb des Elektromotors beziehungsweise die Messung ist durch die konstruktiven Bestandteile des Elektromotors beeinflusst. Und aufgrund solcher Nebeneffekte sind weder der Elektromotor noch die Messung für ihren eigentlichen Zweck optimiert.Such measurements often affect the operation of the electric motor or the measurement is influenced by the structural components of the electric motor. And due to such side effects, neither the electric motor nor the measurement are optimized for their actual purpose.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Elektromotor, insbesondere einen Gleichstrommotor, sowie ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem eine Vielzahl von Eigenschaften des Elektromotors sehr genau erfassbar ist, wobei Nebeneffekte einerseits durch Einfluss der Messung auf den Betrieb des Elektromotors und andererseits durch den Einfluss von konstruktiven Bestandteilen des Elektromotors auf die Messung vermieden werden, so dass sowohl der Elektromotor als auch die Messung für ihren eigentlichen Zweck optimiert sind. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird gelöst mit einem Elektromotor gemäß Patentanspruch 1, einem Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 4 sowie einem Motorsystem gemäß Patentanspruch 5. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor, in particular a DC motor, and a method with which a plurality of properties of the electric motor can be detected very accurately, with side effects on the one hand by the influence of the measurement on the operation of the electric motor and on the other hand by the influence be avoided by constructive components of the electric motor to the measurement, so that both the electric motor and the measurement are optimized for their original purpose. The object of the invention is achieved with an electric motor according to claim 1, a method according to claim 4 and an engine system according to claim 5. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Ein Elektromotor ist aus einer Vielzahl konstruktiver Bestandteile mechanischer oder elektrischer Natur aufgebaut, die üblicherweise für den typischen Betrieb des Elektromotors genutzt werden und den Betrieb des Elektromotors bestimmen.An electric motor is constructed of a variety of structural components of mechanical or electrical nature, which are commonly used for the typical operation of the electric motor and determine the operation of the electric motor.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, zumindest einen konstruktiven Bestandteil zusätzlich vorzusehen, der als Messkomponente zur Messung einer Eigenschaft des Elektromotors vorgesehen ist, und im Betrieb des Elektromotors nicht für seinen typischen Betrieb genutzt wird.According to the invention it is provided to additionally provide at least one structural component, which is provided as a measuring component for measuring a property of the electric motor, and is not used in the operation of the electric motor for its typical operation.
Der erfindungsgemäße Elektromotor weist daher zumindest zwei konstruktive Bestandteile derselben Art auf, von denen ein konstruktiver Bestandteil für den Betrieb des Elektromotors und der andere konstruktive Bestandteil als Messkomponente genutzt wird.The electric motor according to the invention therefore has at least two structural components of the same kind, of which one constructive component is used for the operation of the electric motor and the other structural component is used as the measuring component.
Im Folgenden wird für den zusätzlichen konstruktiven Bestandteil der Begriff Messkomponente synonym verwendet.In the following, the term "measurement component" is used interchangeably for the additional constructive component.
Da die Messkomponente ein konstruktiver Bestandteil des Elektromotors ist, der zusätzlich zu den für den Betrieb des Elektromotors genutzten konstruktiven Bestandteilen im Elektromotor vorgesehen ist, und der selbst im Betrieb desSince the measuring component is a constructive component of the electric motor, which is provided in addition to the constructive components used for the operation of the electric motor in the electric motor, and even in the operation of the
Elektromotors nicht für seinen Betrieb genutzt wird, kann er für die Messung optimal ausgelegt werden. Andererseits können auch die weiteren konstruktiven Bestandteile des Elektromotors für den Betrieb des Elektromotors optimal ausgelegt werden, ohne Rücksicht auf eine Messung nehmen zu müssen, aufgrund deren Art die konstruktiven Bestandteile mit für die Messung notwendigen Eigenschaften vorgesehen sein müssten.Electric motor is not used for its operation, it can be optimally designed for the measurement. On the other hand, the other structural components of the electric motor for the operation of the electric motor can be optimally designed without having to take into account a measurement, due to the nature of the structural components should be provided with necessary for the measurement properties.
Das Vorsehen der Messkomponente ermöglicht daher eine Funktionstrennung, durch die trotz des Vorsehens des zusätzlichen konstruktiven Bestandteils eine verbesserte Auslegung aller konstruktiver Bestandteile des Elektromotors entsprechend ihrem Zweck möglich ist. Eine Messung von Eigenschaften des Elektromotors ist daher insbesondere während des Betriebes des Elektromotors sehr genau möglich, ohne den Betrieb des Elektromotors durch die Messung nachteilig zu beeinflussen. Außerdem kann die Messkomponente standardisiert werden.The provision of the measuring component therefore allows a separation of functions, despite the provision of the additional structural component, an improved design of all structural components of the electric motor according to their Purpose is possible. A measurement of properties of the electric motor is therefore very accurately possible, in particular during operation of the electric motor, without adversely affecting the operation of the electric motor by the measurement. In addition, the measurement component can be standardized.
Da die Messkomponente ein zusätzlich in den Elektromotor eingebrachter konstruktiver Bestandteil ist, ist es andererseits auch möglich, die Eigenschaften des Elektromotors mittels der Messkomponente ganz gezielt zu beeinflussen.On the other hand, since the measuring component is a constructive component incorporated into the electric motor, it is also possible to influence the properties of the electric motor in a very targeted manner by means of the measuring component.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Messkomponente ist ein mechanischer oder ein elektrischer Bestandteil des Elektromotors. Bevorzugt ist als Messkomponente eine zusätzliche Messbürste, ein zusätzlicher Kommutator oder eine zusätzliche Wicklung vorgesehen. Weiterhin können auch mehrere Messkomponenten vorgesehen sein.A measuring component according to the invention is a mechanical or an electrical component of the electric motor. Preferably, an additional measuring brush, an additional commutator or an additional winding is provided as the measuring component. Furthermore, a plurality of measuring components can also be provided.
Die Aufgabe wird weiterhin gelöst mit einem Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Eigenschaft des erfindungsgemäßen Elektromotors mit folgenden Schritten:The object is further achieved with a method for determining a property of the electric motor according to the invention with the following steps:
- Einkoppeln eines hochfrequenten Ansteuersignals in den Elektromotor;- Coupling a high-frequency drive signal in the electric motor;
- Abgreifen eines resultierenden Signals am Elektromotor;- Picking up a resulting signal on the electric motor;
- Auswerten des resultierenden Signals und Bestimmen der Eigenschaften des Elektromotors, wobei die Messkomponente mit dem Ansteuersignal beaufschlagt wird.- Evaluating the resulting signal and determining the properties of the electric motor, wherein the measuring component is supplied with the drive signal.
Da die Messkomponente mit dem Ansteuersignal beaufschlagt wird, führt eine optimale Anpassung der Messkomponente zu einer sehr genauen Messung. Außerdem müssen die für den Betrieb genutzten konstruktiven Bestandteile des Motors nicht für die Messung ausgelegt werden.Since the measurement component is supplied with the drive signal, an optimal adaptation of the measurement component leads to a very accurate measurement. In addition, the structural components of the engine used for the operation need not be designed for the measurement.
Als hochfrequentes Ansteuersignal eignet sich sowohl ein rein sinusförmiges Signal als auch ein Mischsignal wie beispielsweise ein rechteck-, dreieck-, trapez-, sprung-, pulsförmiges oder ähnliches Signal.As a high-frequency drive signal is suitable both a purely sinusoidal signal and a mixed signal such as a rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, jump, pulse-shaped or similar signal.
Im Betrieb des Elektromotors wird das Ansteuersignal aufgrund der Rotation des Rotors des Elektromotors moduliert. Da der komplexe Widerstand des Elektromotors durch die Gesamtheit der konstruktiven Bestandteile des Elektromotors bestimmt ist, kann aus dem demodulierten resultierenden Signal auf Eigenschaften des Elektromotors geschlossen werden.During operation of the electric motor, the drive signal is modulated due to the rotation of the rotor of the electric motor. Since the complex resistance of the electric motor is determined by the entirety of the structural components of the electric motor, can be concluded from the demodulated resulting signal characteristics of the electric motor.
Mit diesem Verfahren sind daher, insbesondere anhand von Vergleichswerten, Rückschlüsse auf den Motorzustand, beispielsweise die Drehzahl und/oder den Drehwinkel des Rotors oder eine Blockierung des Elektromotors, aber auch auf sonstige Eigenschaften wie beispielsweise das Alter des Elektromotors, seinen Hersteller oder den Motortyp, möglich.With this method are therefore, in particular on the basis of comparative values, conclusions on the engine condition, for example, the speed and / or angle of rotation of the rotor or a blocking of the electric motor, but also on other properties such as the age of the electric motor, its manufacturer or the engine type, possible.
Die Aufgabe wird weiterhin gelöst mit einem Motorsystem zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, welches den Elektromotor, eine Versorgungsschaltung zum Speisen des Elektromotors mit einer Versorgungsspannung sowie eine Messschaltung zum Erfassen der Eigenschaft des Elektromotors umfasst.The object is further achieved with a motor system for carrying out the method according to the invention, which comprises the electric motor, a supply circuit for supplying the electric motor with a supply voltage and a measuring circuit for detecting the property of the electric motor.
Das Motorsystem ermöglicht einen optimierten Betrieb des Elektromotors, wobei während des Betriebs des Elektromotors eine sehr genaue Messung von Eigenschaften des Elektromotors möglich ist.The motor system enables optimized operation of the electric motor, wherein during the operation of the electric motor, a very accurate measurement of properties of the electric motor is possible.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Motorsystem außerdem eine Steuerung, so dass der Betrieb des Elektromotors anhand seiner gemessenen Eigenschaften steuerbar ist.In a preferred embodiment, the engine system also includes a controller, so that the operation of the electric motor is controllable based on its measured properties.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung durch Figuren beschrieben. Die Figuren sind lediglich beispielhaft und schränken den allgemeinen Erfindungsgedanken nicht ein.In the following the invention will be described by figures. The figures are merely exemplary and do not limit the general idea of the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch einen erfindungsgemäßenFig. 1 shows schematically an inventive
Elektromotor,Electric motor,
Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch einen Ausschnitt aus einem weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Elektromotor,2 schematically shows a section of a further electric motor according to the invention,
Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch ein Motorsystem zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch einen erfindungsgemäßen Elektromotor 1. Es handelt sich hier um einen Gleichstrommotor mit einem Kommutator 6 und Bürsten 4, 5. Der Kommutator 6 sowie die Bürsten 4, 5 sind konstruktive Bestandteile des Elektromotors 1. Der Elektromotor 1 weist einen Rotor 2 auf, der drehbar um eine Achse 3 gelagert ist. Fig. l(a) zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht desFig. 3 shows schematically an engine system for carrying out the method according to the invention. 1 shows schematically an electric motor 1 according to the invention. This is a DC motor with a commutator 6 and brushes 4, 5. The commutator 6 and the brushes 4, 5 are structural components of the electric motor 1. The electric motor 1 has a rotor 2 which is rotatably supported about an axis 3. Fig. L (a) shows a schematic side view of
Elektromotors 1, während Fig. l(b) nur ausschnittsweise eine Draufsicht auf den Kommutator 6 und die Anordnung der Bürsten 4, 5 zeigt.Electric motor 1, while Fig. L (b) only partially a plan view of the commutator 6 and the arrangement of the brushes 4, 5 shows.
Der hier gezeigte Elektromotor 1 weist neben zwei Bürsten 4, die für die Zuführung einer Versorgungsspannung vorgesehenen sind, eine zusätzliche Messbürste als Messkomponente 5 auf, die nur für eine Messung von Eigenschaften des Elektromotors 1 vorgesehen ist und nicht für den Betrieb des Elektromotors 1. Für die Messung wird die Messbürste 5 mit einem Ansteuersignal (s. Fig. 3) beaufschlagt.The electric motor 1 shown here, in addition to two brushes 4, which are provided for the supply of a supply voltage, an additional measuring brush as a measuring component 5, which is provided only for a measurement of properties of the electric motor 1 and not for the operation of the electric motor 1. For the measurement, the measuring brush 5 with a drive signal (see Fig. 3) is applied.
Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch einen Ausschnitt aus einem weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Elektromotor 1. Auch hier ist ein Gleichstrommotor dargestellt. Gezeigt sind der um die Achse 3 drehbar gelagerte Rotor 2 des Elektromotors 1 sowie zwei Kommutatoren 6, 7, wobei um einen der beiden Kommutatoren 6 zwei Bürsten 4 für die Zuführung der Versorgungsspannung angeordnet sind, während um den anderen der beiden Kommutatoren 7 zwei Messbürsten 5 vorgesehen sind, die während des Betriebes des Elektromotors 1 mit einem Ansteuersignal (s. Fig. 3) beaufschlagbar sind. Dieser Elektromotor 1 weist daher neben den beiden Messbürsten 5 als Messkomponenten auch einen Kommutator 7 als Messkomponente auf.Fig. 2 shows schematically a section of a further electric motor according to the invention 1. Again, a DC motor is shown. Shown are the rotatably mounted about the axis 3 rotor 2 of the electric motor 1 and two commutators 6, 7, wherein two brushes 4 are arranged for supplying the supply voltage to one of the two commutators 6, while about the other of the two commutators 7 two measuring brushes are provided, which are acted upon during operation of the electric motor 1 with a drive signal (see Fig. 3). Therefore, in addition to the two measuring brushes 5 as measuring components, this electric motor 1 also has a commutator 7 as a measuring component.
Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch ein Motorsystem zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Als Elektromotor 1 ist hier beispielhaft der Elektromotor 1 der Fig. 1 gezeigt. Zum einen umfasst das Motorsystem neben dem Elektromotor 1 eine Spannungsquelle 13, die über Entstörfilter 12 den Bürsten 4 des Elektromotors 1 eine Versorgungsspannung zur Verfügung stellt. Weiterhin umfasst das Motorsystem eine Messschaltung 8, die ihrerseits einen Signalgenerator 9 sowie einen Demodulator 9 und eine Auswerteinheit 10 umfasst. Der Signalgenerator 9 erzeugt ein Ansteuersignal A, mit dem die Messbürste 5 beaufschlagt wird. Das Ansteuersignal A wird über ein Kopplungselement in den Elektromotor 1 eingespeist, das hier nicht gezeigt ist. Aufgrund der Rotation des Elektromotors 1 wird das Ansteuersignal A zu einem resultierenden Signal M moduliert. Das resultierende Signal M wird dann in dem Demodulator 10 zum demodulierten Signal D demoduliert. Aus dem demodulierten Signal D kann schließlich in der Auswerteinheit 11 auf Eigenschaften des Elektromotors 1 geschlossen werden.Fig. 3 shows schematically an engine system for carrying out the method according to the invention. As an electric motor 1, the electric motor 1 of FIG. 1 is shown here by way of example. On the one hand, the motor system comprises, in addition to the electric motor 1, a voltage source 13 which provides a supply voltage to the brushes 4 of the electric motor 1 via the noise filter 12. Furthermore, the motor system comprises a measuring circuit 8, which in turn comprises a signal generator 9 and a demodulator 9 and an evaluation unit 10. The signal generator 9 generates a drive signal A, with which the measuring brush 5 is acted upon. The drive signal A is fed via a coupling element in the electric motor 1, which is not shown here. Due to the rotation of the electric motor 1, the drive signal A is modulated to a resulting signal M. The resulting signal M is then demodulated in the demodulator 10 to the demodulated signal D. From the demodulated signal D can finally be closed in the evaluation unit 11 to properties of the electric motor 1.
Das Ansteuersignal A, das resulierende Signal M sowie das demodulierte Signal D sind hier beispielhaft gezeigt. Als Ansteuersignal A kann nicht nur wie gezeigt ein hochfrequentes sinusförmiges Signal verwendet werden, sondern auch ein Mischsignal, welches sich aus der Überlagerung von zwei oder mehr sinusförmigen Signalen zusammensetzt. The drive signal A, the resulting signal M and the demodulated signal D are shown here by way of example. As the drive signal A, not only a high-frequency sinusoidal signal as shown can be used, but also a mixed signal composed of the superposition of two or more sinusoidal signals.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Elektromotor (1), insbesondere Gleichstrommotor, der einen konstruktiven Bestandteil (4, 6) umfasst, der für den typischen Betrieb des Elektromotors (1) genutzt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromotor (1) einen zusätzlichen konstruktiven Bestandteil (5, 7) derselben Art umfasst, der als Messkomponente zur Messung einer Eigenschaft des Elektromotors (1) vorgesehen ist, und dabei nicht für den typischen Betrieb des Elektromotors (1) genutzt wird.1. Electric motor (1), in particular a DC motor, which comprises a structural component (4, 6) which is used for the typical operation of the electric motor (1), characterized in that the electric motor (1) has an additional structural component (5, 7) of the same type, which is provided as a measuring component for measuring a property of the electric motor (1), and is not used for the typical operation of the electric motor (1).
2. Elektromotor (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messkomponente eine zusätzliche Messbürste (5), ein zusätzlicher Kommutator (7) oder eine zusätzliche Wicklung ist.2. Electric motor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring component is an additional measuring brush (5), an additional commutator (7) or an additional winding.
3. Elektromotor (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Messkomponenten (5, 7) vorgesehen sind.3. Electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of measuring components (5, 7) are provided.
4. Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Eigenschaft des Elektromotors (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 2 mit folgenden Schritten: - Einkoppeln eines hochfrequenten Ansteuersignals (A) in den Elektromotor4. A method for determining a property of the electric motor (1) according to any one of claims 1 - 2 with the following steps: - coupling a high-frequency drive signal (A) in the electric motor
(D;(D;
- Abgreifen eines resultierenden Signals (M) am Elektromotor (1);- Picking up a resulting signal (M) on the electric motor (1);
- Auswerten des resultierenden Signals (M) und Bestimmen der Eigenschaften des Elektromotors (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messkomponente (5, 7) mit dem Ansteuersignal (A) beaufschlagt wird.- Evaluating the resulting signal (M) and determining the properties of the electric motor (1), characterized in that the measuring component (5, 7) with the drive signal (A) is applied.
5. Motorsystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 4, welches den Elektromotor (1), eine Versorgungsschaltung (12, 13) zum Speisen des Elektromotors (1) mit einer Versorgungsspannung sowie eine Messschaltung (8) zum Erfassen der Eigenschaft des Elektromotors (1) umfasst.5. Motor system for carrying out the method according to claim 4, which comprises the electric motor (1), a supply circuit (12, 13) for supplying the electric motor (1) with a supply voltage and a measuring circuit (8) for detecting the property of the electric motor (1). includes.
6. Motorsystem nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Steuerung umfasst. 6. Motor system according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a controller.
PCT/EP2010/053933 2009-05-25 2010-03-25 Determining the properties of a motor using a measuring component WO2010136234A1 (en)

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DE200910026448 DE102009026448A1 (en) 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 Determination of engine characteristics by means of a measuring component

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EP0753931A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-15 Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. KG Device for measuring the speed of rotation, the rotation direction and/or the rotation angle position of a commutator motor
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EP1868288A1 (en) * 2006-06-15 2007-12-19 ABB Oy Method and system in connection with permanent magnet synchronous machines

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