WO2010128196A1 - Pile yarn filament for artificial turf, artificial turf, and method for making pile yarn filament - Google Patents

Pile yarn filament for artificial turf, artificial turf, and method for making pile yarn filament Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010128196A1
WO2010128196A1 PCT/FI2009/050363 FI2009050363W WO2010128196A1 WO 2010128196 A1 WO2010128196 A1 WO 2010128196A1 FI 2009050363 W FI2009050363 W FI 2009050363W WO 2010128196 A1 WO2010128196 A1 WO 2010128196A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filament
pile yarn
cross
section
thickness
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2009/050363
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Hannu Salmenautio
Original Assignee
Saltex Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saltex Oy filed Critical Saltex Oy
Priority to EP09844308.8A priority Critical patent/EP2427600B1/en
Priority to DK09844308.8T priority patent/DK2427600T3/en
Priority to PCT/FI2009/050363 priority patent/WO2010128196A1/en
Publication of WO2010128196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010128196A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/445—Yarns or threads for use in floor fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0065—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by the pile
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
    • D10B2505/202—Artificial grass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a monofilament made of synthetic material, to be used as pile yarn for artificial turf.
  • the invention is also directed to an artificial turf comprising such pile yarn filaments, and a method for producing such pile yarn filaments.
  • an artificial turf comprises a base structure, to which pile yarns simulating grass are attached by tufting, weaving, needling, glueing or by another suitable method.
  • Sand as a filler for stabilization of the turf, and/or elastic material to endow the turf with elasticity may be added between the pile yarns.
  • the artificial turf is exposed for instance to moisture and temperature variations, UV light and abrasion due to the use of the field.
  • Problems associated with known artificial turfs include wear and fibrillation of the grass, as well as low elasticity of the turf. After the pile yarns are bent under load, the original form thereof is no longer regained when the load is removed, and thus the grass on the turf is pressed down permanently.
  • One reason for this is that the rigidity of the pile yarns and the elasticity thereof are not in balance.
  • Fibrillated pile yarn is produced in the form of a band having a width of 10-15 mm, followed by incision thereof (fibrillation). The ends of the pile yarns will open as the filler is added and the artificial turf is used.
  • Monofilament yarn is produced from single filaments by winding 4-14, preferably 6-8 filaments together. Raw material of the pile yarn is most frequently polyethylene. Artificial turf made of monofilaments is more open, and the filler is more visible in the turf. Monofilaments stay more readily erect due to the possibility to provide the yarn with a profile.
  • First pile yarns had rectangular cross-sectional forms. While such pile yarns bend well, the recovery thereof after an impact is poor. They are also easily split in the middle after repeating impacts. A naturally looking turf may not be produced from filaments having profiles with non-varying thicknesses.
  • Pile yarn filaments having a cross-section with a great thickness in the middle and tapering towards both ends are known from the document US 3837980.
  • the centre of the profile there is a rib-like protrusion improving the recovery of the yarn after bending thereof due to an impact.
  • Pile yarn filaments having V shaped cross-sections with two sides united by a rib- like protrusion are known from the document US 3940522.
  • the appearance of the yarn is improved, and it is said to fibrillate less than a flat filament.
  • Pile yarn filaments having rhombus shaped cross-sections are known from the document US 6432505. Such a profile improves the resistance of the yarn and reduces fibrillation thereof due to wear and UV light.
  • V shaped or arcuated profile of a pile yarn is known form the document WO 2005005730 Al, the thickness of the centre part of the filament being greater than that of the wings laterally extending from said centre part, hi addition, there is at least one reinforcing fibre in the centre area.
  • Document WO 2006085751 Al shows various pile yarn filaments with sections for improving rigidity. In case the pile yarn has a less elastic structure, the grass will not be pressed down easily. Such a pile yarn is also said to retain water.
  • Document WO 2007107307 Al discloses profiles of pile yarn filaments, which profiles may have the form of a propeller, double convex, or be S shaped or wave- like. In all cases the cross-section of the pile yarn is symmetrical with respect to a point.
  • a pile yarn filament is produced by extrusion, followed by cooling the yarn for instance in a water bath, drying and stretching, hi case of the production of a yarn having a U shaped cross-section, a problem is the difficult removal of all water from the U-groove during drying. As a consequence, different parts of the cross-section are at different temperatures in the stage where the yarn is passed to stretching. This results in different stretching of the various sections of the yarn, the yarn thus becoming twisted.
  • the object of the invention is to solve the problems associated with the prior art.
  • One object is particularly to provide a novel pile yarn filament with superior technical properties that may be used for the production of an artificial turf having a high wear resistance and appealing appearance.
  • the pile yarn filament of the invention is characterized by the features defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • Cross-section of the pile yarn filament comprises a first end with a first thickness and, spaced from the first end, a second end with a second thickness that is reduced in comparison to the first thickness.
  • the thickness of the cross-section is reduced starting from the thickest part of the first end towards the second end.
  • Said first end and second end are joined by the first and the second sides of the cross-section, said first side being convex and said second side being concave resulting in a cross-section of the filament with a conically tapering and distorted shape.
  • First end of the cross-section of the filament may for instance have the shape of a semicircle, triangle or polygon.
  • the thick first end of the cross-section of the filament provides the filament with rigidity and resistance necessary for the recovery of the erect position after an impact subjected thereto.
  • the thickness tapering towards the second end of the cross-section increases the elasticity of the filament and prevents the splitting thereof.
  • the cross-section preferably has a thickness tapering infinitely or by very small steps. The optical properties, particularly the light transmission of the pile yarn are improved by the distorted form and the thin second end.
  • the desired properties of the pile yarn may be influenced by suitably selected dimensioning of the pile yarn filament. Preferable dimensions of the cross-section are presented in the dependent claims.
  • the artificial turf of the invention is characterized by the features disclosed in claim 11.
  • Pile yarn to be used for the artificial turf may be produced from the monofilaments having an asymmetrical cross-section, for instance by combining 4-12, preferably 6-8 monofilaments together.
  • the artificial turf made from such filaments is endowed with a favourable appearance resembling natural lawn due to varying transmission of light through various filament parts with different thicknesses. Light is also readily reflected by the arcuated surfaces of the filaments.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the pile yarn filament of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a small portion of the length of the pile yarn filament.
  • Cross-section of the pile yarn filament shown in Figures 1 and 2 is asymmetrical, comprising a first end 13 having a semicircular form, and spaced therefrom a second end 14, and further a first side 11 and a second side 12 joining said ends together.
  • the thickness of the first end 13 is substantially greater than that of the second end 14.
  • the first side 11 is convex, whereas the second side 12 is concave resulting in a cross-section of the filament 10 resembling a conically tapering distorted form.
  • the thickness of the cross-section tapers with substantially infinite steps towards the second end 14, starting from the thickest part of the semicircular end 13.
  • Ratio of the width y of the filament cross-section to the greatest cross-sectional thickness x is preferably between 10:1 and 4:1.
  • the thickness of the second end 14 being relatively small in comparison to that of the first end 13, this ratio also represents the conical tapering of the profile.
  • Distorsion of the filament may be represented by the distance z, said z being the perpendicular distance of the second side 12 from the line A tangentially drawn between the first end 13 and the second end 14. hi case the filament is straight, said distance would be 0.
  • said distance z ranges between 0.01 and 1.5 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 1.0 mm. This may be illustrated as the ratio of the distance z to the width y of the filament ranging between 1:10 and 1:2.
  • the filament may be made from a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • said filament may be made from a thermoplastic elastomer allowing for the reduction or even total obviation of the elastic filler layer of the artificial turf.
  • the filament may be made by extruding a polymer material either through a coni- cally tapering distorted orifice or through a straight conical orifice, followed by stretching and/or bending of the filament into a distorted form in downstream treatment steps after extrusion.
  • Semicircular portion 13 endows the filament 10 with the necessary flexural resistance and rigidity resulting in a filament 10 that will not break or permanently bend under load but may resume its original form once the load disappears. There are no stepwise changes in the thickness of the cross-section, and accordingly, the filament will not be split as easily as known filament profiles.
  • the appearance of the artificial turf made from the filament is improved by the portion tapering towards the second end 14 of the profile due to transmission of light through the tapering portion. This results in a pleasant appearance of and variation of different shades of green in the artificial turf made from the pile yarn in accordance with natural lawns.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

Pile yarn filament (10) to be used as the pile yarn for artificial turfs, having a conically tapering distorted cross-section. The cross-section of the filament (10) comprises a first end (13) with a first thickness and, spaced from the first end, a second end (14) with a second thickness that is reduced in comparison to thick¬ ness of the first end (13). The thickness of the cross-section decreases starting from the thickest part of the first end (13) towards the second end (14). Said first end (13) and second end (14) of the cross-section are joined by a first side (11) and a second side (12), which are convex and concave, respectively.

Description

Pile yarn filament for artificial turf, artificial turf, and method for making pile yarn filament
The invention relates to a monofilament made of synthetic material, to be used as pile yarn for artificial turf. The invention is also directed to an artificial turf comprising such pile yarn filaments, and a method for producing such pile yarn filaments.
Typically, an artificial turf comprises a base structure, to which pile yarns simulating grass are attached by tufting, weaving, needling, glueing or by another suitable method. Sand as a filler for stabilization of the turf, and/or elastic material to endow the turf with elasticity may be added between the pile yarns.
According to the application site, the artificial turf is exposed for instance to moisture and temperature variations, UV light and abrasion due to the use of the field. Problems associated with known artificial turfs include wear and fibrillation of the grass, as well as low elasticity of the turf. After the pile yarns are bent under load, the original form thereof is no longer regained when the load is removed, and thus the grass on the turf is pressed down permanently. One reason for this is that the rigidity of the pile yarns and the elasticity thereof are not in balance.
For the artificial turf, fibrillated pile yarn, or a monofilament yarn, or both together may be used as the pile yarn. Fibrillated pile yarn is produced in the form of a band having a width of 10-15 mm, followed by incision thereof (fibrillation). The ends of the pile yarns will open as the filler is added and the artificial turf is used. Monofilament yarn is produced from single filaments by winding 4-14, preferably 6-8 filaments together. Raw material of the pile yarn is most frequently polyethylene. Artificial turf made of monofilaments is more open, and the filler is more visible in the turf. Monofilaments stay more readily erect due to the possibility to provide the yarn with a profile. Various different profiles, or cross-sectional forms of the pile yarn filaments are known from the prior art. First pile yarns had rectangular cross-sectional forms. While such pile yarns bend well, the recovery thereof after an impact is poor. They are also easily split in the middle after repeating impacts. A naturally looking turf may not be produced from filaments having profiles with non-varying thicknesses.
Pile yarn filaments having a cross-section with a great thickness in the middle and tapering towards both ends are known from the document US 3837980. In the centre of the profile, there is a rib-like protrusion improving the recovery of the yarn after bending thereof due to an impact.
Pile yarn filaments having V shaped cross-sections with two sides united by a rib- like protrusion are known from the document US 3940522. The appearance of the yarn is improved, and it is said to fibrillate less than a flat filament.
Pile yarn filaments having rhombus shaped cross-sections are known from the document US 6432505. Such a profile improves the resistance of the yarn and reduces fibrillation thereof due to wear and UV light.
V shaped or arcuated profile of a pile yarn is known form the document WO 2005005730 Al, the thickness of the centre part of the filament being greater than that of the wings laterally extending from said centre part, hi addition, there is at least one reinforcing fibre in the centre area.
Document WO 2006085751 Al shows various pile yarn filaments with sections for improving rigidity. In case the pile yarn has a less elastic structure, the grass will not be pressed down easily. Such a pile yarn is also said to retain water. Document WO 2007107307 Al discloses profiles of pile yarn filaments, which profiles may have the form of a propeller, double convex, or be S shaped or wave- like. In all cases the cross-section of the pile yarn is symmetrical with respect to a point.
While the thickened section in known pile yarn filaments improves the rigidity of the pile yarn, the practice has shown that the filament will easily break just beside said thickened section. Further, all known pile yarn filaments have a profile that is symmetrical either with respect to a point or a line.
Typically, a pile yarn filament is produced by extrusion, followed by cooling the yarn for instance in a water bath, drying and stretching, hi case of the production of a yarn having a U shaped cross-section, a problem is the difficult removal of all water from the U-groove during drying. As a consequence, different parts of the cross-section are at different temperatures in the stage where the yarn is passed to stretching. This results in different stretching of the various sections of the yarn, the yarn thus becoming twisted.
The object of the invention is to solve the problems associated with the prior art. One object is particularly to provide a novel pile yarn filament with superior technical properties that may be used for the production of an artificial turf having a high wear resistance and appealing appearance.
The pile yarn filament of the invention is characterized by the features defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Cross-section of the pile yarn filament comprises a first end with a first thickness and, spaced from the first end, a second end with a second thickness that is reduced in comparison to the first thickness. The thickness of the cross-section is reduced starting from the thickest part of the first end towards the second end. Said first end and second end are joined by the first and the second sides of the cross-section, said first side being convex and said second side being concave resulting in a cross-section of the filament with a conically tapering and distorted shape.
First end of the cross-section of the filament may for instance have the shape of a semicircle, triangle or polygon.
The thick first end of the cross-section of the filament provides the filament with rigidity and resistance necessary for the recovery of the erect position after an impact subjected thereto. The thickness tapering towards the second end of the cross-section increases the elasticity of the filament and prevents the splitting thereof. The cross-section preferably has a thickness tapering infinitely or by very small steps. The optical properties, particularly the light transmission of the pile yarn are improved by the distorted form and the thin second end.
The desired properties of the pile yarn may be influenced by suitably selected dimensioning of the pile yarn filament. Preferable dimensions of the cross-section are presented in the dependent claims.
The artificial turf of the invention is characterized by the features disclosed in claim 11.
Pile yarn to be used for the artificial turf may be produced from the monofilaments having an asymmetrical cross-section, for instance by combining 4-12, preferably 6-8 monofilaments together. The artificial turf made from such filaments is endowed with a favourable appearance resembling natural lawn due to varying transmission of light through various filament parts with different thicknesses. Light is also readily reflected by the arcuated surfaces of the filaments.
The method for making the pile yarn filament of the invention is characterized by the features disclosed in claim 14. The invention is now described with reference to the figures of the appended drawings without wishing to limit the invention thereto.
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the pile yarn filament of the invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a small portion of the length of the pile yarn filament.
Cross-section of the pile yarn filament shown in Figures 1 and 2 is asymmetrical, comprising a first end 13 having a semicircular form, and spaced therefrom a second end 14, and further a first side 11 and a second side 12 joining said ends together. The thickness of the first end 13 is substantially greater than that of the second end 14. The first side 11 is convex, whereas the second side 12 is concave resulting in a cross-section of the filament 10 resembling a conically tapering distorted form. The thickness of the cross-section tapers with substantially infinite steps towards the second end 14, starting from the thickest part of the semicircular end 13.
Greatest thickness of the cross-section x, x being also the diameter of the semicircular portion 13, ranges between 0.1 and 1.0 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. Thickness of the second end 14 of the cross-section ranges between 0.001 and 0.15 mm, preferably between 0.001 and 0.05 mm. Width y of the filament 10 ranges between 0.7 and 3.0 mm, preferably 1.0 and 2.5 mm.
Ratio of the width y of the filament cross-section to the greatest cross-sectional thickness x is preferably between 10:1 and 4:1. The thickness of the second end 14 being relatively small in comparison to that of the first end 13, this ratio also represents the conical tapering of the profile. Distorsion of the filament may be represented by the distance z, said z being the perpendicular distance of the second side 12 from the line A tangentially drawn between the first end 13 and the second end 14. hi case the filament is straight, said distance would be 0. For the filament of the invention, said distance z ranges between 0.01 and 1.5 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 1.0 mm. This may be illustrated as the ratio of the distance z to the width y of the filament ranging between 1:10 and 1:2.
Dtex of the filament ranges between 800 and 4500 dtex, preferably between 800 and 3500 dtex (1 dtex = 1 g/100 m).
The filament may be made from a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene. Alternatively, said filament may be made from a thermoplastic elastomer allowing for the reduction or even total obviation of the elastic filler layer of the artificial turf.
The filament may be made by extruding a polymer material either through a coni- cally tapering distorted orifice or through a straight conical orifice, followed by stretching and/or bending of the filament into a distorted form in downstream treatment steps after extrusion.
Semicircular portion 13 endows the filament 10 with the necessary flexural resistance and rigidity resulting in a filament 10 that will not break or permanently bend under load but may resume its original form once the load disappears. There are no stepwise changes in the thickness of the cross-section, and accordingly, the filament will not be split as easily as known filament profiles. The appearance of the artificial turf made from the filament is improved by the portion tapering towards the second end 14 of the profile due to transmission of light through the tapering portion. This results in a pleasant appearance of and variation of different shades of green in the artificial turf made from the pile yarn in accordance with natural lawns. Various different modifications of the invention are possible within the scope of protection defined in the claims as follows.

Claims

Claims
1. Pile yarn filament (10) for an artificial turf, characterized in that the cross- section of the filament (10) comprises a first end (13) with a first thickness and, spaced from the first end, a second end (14) with a second thickness, which is reduced in comparison to said first thickness, that the thickness of the cross- section decreases from the thickest part of the first end (13) towards the second end (14), that said first end (13) and second end (14) are joined by the first side (11) and the second side (12) of the cross-section, said first side (11) being convex and said second side (12) being concave, and accordingly, the cross-section of the filament (10) has a conically tapering and distorted shape.
2. Pile yarn filament (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first end (13) of the cross-section has the shape of a semicircle, triangle or polygon.
3. Pile yarn filament (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ratio of the width y of the cross-section to the greatest thickness x thereof is between 10:1 and 4:l.
4. Pile yarn filament (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distorsion z/y of the filament (10) ranges between 1:10 and 1:2, wherein z is the greatest distance of the concave side (12) of the filament (10) from the line (A) tangentially drawn between the ends (13, 14) of the filament, and y is the width of the filament (10).
5. Pile yarn filament (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the width y of the filament (10) ranges between 0.7 and 3.0 mm, preferably between 1.0 and 2.5 mm.
6. Pile yarn filament (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the greatest thickness x of the filament (10) ranges between 0.1 and 1.0 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm.
7. Pile yarn filament (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the greatest distance z of the concave side (12) of the filament (10) from the line (A) tangentially drawn between the ends (13, 14) of the filament ranges between 0.01 and 1.5 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 1.0 mm.
8. Pile yarn filament (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dtex of the filament (10) ranges between 800 and 4500 dtex, preferably between 800 and 3500 dtex.
9. Pile yarn filament (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filament comprises polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
10. Pile yarn filament (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said filament comprises thermoplastic elastomer.
11. Artificial turf, comprising a base structure and a high number of pile yarns attached to said base structure, characterized in that the pile yarn comprises pile yarn filament (10) according to any of the preceding claims.
12. Artificial turf according to claim 11, characterized in that each pile yarn comprises from 4 to 12, preferably from 6 to 8 pile yarn filaments wound together.
13. Artificial turf according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it comprises pile yarn made from the pile yarn filament according to claim 10, said pile yarn replacing an elastic filler either partly or totally.
14. Method for making the pile yarn filament according to any of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said filament (10) is made by extruding a polymer material either through a conically tapering distorted orifice or through a straight conical orifice, followed by stretching and/or bending of the filament into a distorted form in a downstream treatment step after extrusion.
PCT/FI2009/050363 2009-05-06 2009-05-06 Pile yarn filament for artificial turf, artificial turf, and method for making pile yarn filament WO2010128196A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09844308.8A EP2427600B1 (en) 2009-05-06 2009-05-06 Pile yarn filament for artificial turf, artificial turf comprising such filament, and method for making such filament
DK09844308.8T DK2427600T3 (en) 2009-05-06 2009-05-06 Stack yarn for an artificial turf, artificial grass comprising such thread, and method for making such threads
PCT/FI2009/050363 WO2010128196A1 (en) 2009-05-06 2009-05-06 Pile yarn filament for artificial turf, artificial turf, and method for making pile yarn filament

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI2009/050363 WO2010128196A1 (en) 2009-05-06 2009-05-06 Pile yarn filament for artificial turf, artificial turf, and method for making pile yarn filament

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010128196A1 true WO2010128196A1 (en) 2010-11-11

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DK (1) DK2427600T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2010128196A1 (en)

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US20100255223A1 (en) * 2007-08-27 2010-10-07 De Vries Hugo Artificial Turf and Method and Device for Forming thereof
US20120189785A1 (en) * 2009-07-14 2012-07-26 Green Vision Co. Ltd. Grass Yarn
WO2013057583A3 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-06-13 Tarkett Inc. Process for making artificial turf fibers
US11268248B2 (en) 2014-05-14 2022-03-08 Columbia Insurance Company Artificial turf and associated devices and methods for making same

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US3837980A (en) 1972-06-14 1974-09-24 Toray Industries Grass-like pile product
US3940522A (en) 1971-05-27 1976-02-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Synthetic fibers and pile fabrics made therefrom
US20010033902A1 (en) * 2000-02-14 2001-10-25 Seaton Reed J. Artificial turf system
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WO2005005730A1 (en) 2003-07-14 2005-01-20 Mattex Leisure Industries Artificial turf filament and artificial turf system
WO2006085751A1 (en) 2005-02-08 2006-08-17 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial fibre for use in an artificial grass sport field
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US3940522A (en) 1971-05-27 1976-02-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Synthetic fibers and pile fabrics made therefrom
US3837980A (en) 1972-06-14 1974-09-24 Toray Industries Grass-like pile product
US6432505B1 (en) 1995-10-31 2002-08-13 Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. Diamond cross section synthetic turf filament
US20010033902A1 (en) * 2000-02-14 2001-10-25 Seaton Reed J. Artificial turf system
WO2005005730A1 (en) 2003-07-14 2005-01-20 Mattex Leisure Industries Artificial turf filament and artificial turf system
WO2006085751A1 (en) 2005-02-08 2006-08-17 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial fibre for use in an artificial grass sport field
WO2007107307A2 (en) 2006-03-21 2007-09-27 Domo Zele Nv Synthetic turf resembling a grass field
WO2009005375A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-08 Tigerturf Nz Limited A yarn for synthetic turf and a synthetic turf

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