WO2010118626A1 - Electronic ballast for a fluorescent lamp and an energy-saving lamp - Google Patents
Electronic ballast for a fluorescent lamp and an energy-saving lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010118626A1 WO2010118626A1 PCT/CN2010/000318 CN2010000318W WO2010118626A1 WO 2010118626 A1 WO2010118626 A1 WO 2010118626A1 CN 2010000318 W CN2010000318 W CN 2010000318W WO 2010118626 A1 WO2010118626 A1 WO 2010118626A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
- H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
- H05B41/2828—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using control circuits for the switching elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of electric lighting, and further relates to "an electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps and energy-saving lamps".
- ballast basically the circuit structure using “magnetic saturation self-excited half-bridge inverter” (Note: hereinafter referred to as “half-bridge inverter”) As shown in Figure 1); due to its simple structure, fewer components, and lower price, it is especially popular among consumers; however: This electronic ballast has poor anti-interference ability and no overcurrent and Short-circuit protection function, so there is a damage rate of 10 ⁇ 20% or more every year; and because there is no preheating function, the "sunlight tube and energy-saving lamp tube” (hereinafter referred to as "lamp”) The service life is severely shortened, especially when the ambient temperature is below + io°c, the service life of the lamp is shortened more obviously; therefore, the manufacturer has to reduce the output power of the ballast to the rated power of the lamp to be lit.
- the brightness of the lamp illuminated by the ballast is obviously insufficient; but it cannot be avoided every year. Big
- the amount of electronic waste and discarded lamps, especially the heavy metal mercury in a large number of discarded lamps, is environmentally harmful and harmful to future generations; now it has the functions of starting preheating, open circuit, overcurrent and short circuit protection.
- the electronic ballasts are composed of dedicated integrated circuits and field effect power tubes. Because of the high cost, the price is relatively expensive and is not accepted by consumers.
- the present invention provides a "multi-function module MK” based on a half-bridge inverter circuit:
- This module has "preventing an accidental simultaneous and instantaneous power tube of a half-bridge inverter simultaneously Turn on and burn out” (Note: hereinafter referred to as “anti-co-guide”), start preheating, overcurrent and short circuit protection; although adding a little cost, it can make this electronic ballast extremely reliable and cost-relative Lower generation, ample output power and a new generation of electronic ballasts with multiple protection functions; the relative brightness of the lamps illuminated by the electronic ballast is significantly increased, and the service life of the lamps is extended by 3 to 5 times.
- the technical solution of the present invention comprises: a triode, a thyristor, a diode, a resistor, a capacitor, an electrolytic capacitor, a transformer and an inductor; and the following features: a rectifying and filtering circuit, an open circuit protection and trigger circuit, and a half bridge inverter circuit
- a rectifying and filtering circuit an open circuit protection and trigger circuit, and a half bridge inverter circuit
- the series resonant output circuit and the multi-function module MK circuit are composed; wherein the "multi-function module MK circuit” (Note: hereinafter referred to as "module MK”) is connected to the positive power supply node A and the negative power supply node B of the rectifying and filtering circuit.
- module MK circuit (Note: hereinafter referred to as "module MK") is connected to the positive power supply node A and the negative power supply node B of the rectifying and filtering circuit.
- the rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: a diode D 1 D4 and an electrolytic capacitor C1; the diodes D1 to D4 form a bridge rectifier, wherein a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to a cathode of the diode D2 and is connected to an input terminal X of the alternating current power source.
- the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D4 and is connected to the other input terminal 0 of the alternating current power source; the node A of the anodes of the diodes D1 and D3 and the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 are positive.
- the node B connected to the negative electrode of the diodes D2 and D4 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is negatively charged.
- the open circuit protection and trigger circuit comprises: a resistor R1 R2, a diode D5, a capacitor C2 and a trigger diode DR: one end of the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the capacitor C5 and one end of the lamp tube One end of the filament is connected; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5, one end of the trigger diode DR, and one end of the capacitor C2; the other end of the resistor R2 and the anode of the diode D5, one end of the resistor R3
- the module MK pin 2 the negative terminal of the diode D6, the end of the capacitor C4, the head end of the primary winding a of the magnetic saturation transformer T, and the tail end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T are connected (Note: In order to distinguish the direction of the primary and secondary windings of the magnetic saturation transformer T, the dotted end is the winding end and the other end is the winding
- the half-bridge inverter circuit comprises: a transistor BG1 ⁇ BG2, a diode D6 ⁇ D7, a resistor R3 R6 and a magnetic saturation transformer T; the collector of the transistor BG1 and the other end of the capacitor C4, the lamp DG-
- the other end of the filament is positively connected to the node A in the rectifying and filtering circuit, the base of the transistor BG1 is connected to the anode of the diode D6, one end of the resistor R4 and the module MK pin 3, and the emission of the transistor BG1
- the pole is connected to the other end of the resistor R3; one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the anode of the diode D5, the other end of the resistor R2, the module MK pin 2, the cathode of the diode D6, the end of the capacitor C4, and the magnetic saturation transformer.
- the first end of the primary winding a of T is connected to the tail end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the leading end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T;
- the collector of the transistor BG2 is connected to the MK pin 5 of the module, the base of the transistor BG2 is connected to the anode of the diode D7, the end of the resistor R6 and the other end of the trigger diode DR; the hair of the transistor BG2
- the pole is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R5 is opposite to the cathode of the diode D7, the resistor R7, the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C3, the module MK pin 6, and the head end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T.
- the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the tail end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T.
- the series resonant output circuit comprises: an inductor L, capacitors C5 C C6 and a filament at both ends of the external lamp tube DG; one end of the inductor L is connected to the tail end of the primary winding a of the magnetic saturation transformer T, the inductor The other end of L One end of the capacitor C6 is connected, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the filament of the other end of the outer circuit tube DG, and the other end of the filament of the other end of the tube DG is connected to one end of the capacitor C5, the capacitor C5 The other end is connected to the other end of the filament of the lamp DG-end, and the other end of the filament of the lamp DG-end is positively connected to the node A in the rectifying and filtering circuit.
- the multi-function module circuit MK includes: an anti-co-transmission circuit, a start preheating circuit, and an overcurrent and short-circuit protection circuit, and externally set a total of 7 pins from 1 to 7; the module MK has a pin 1 and the The node A in the rectifying and filtering circuit is positive, the collector of the transistor BG1, the other end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the filament of the lamp DG are connected; the pin 2 of the module MK and the anode of the diode D5, The other end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D6, the other end of the capacitor C4, the head end of the primary winding a of the magnetic saturation transformer, and the tail end of the secondary b of the magnetic saturation transformer are connected; The pin 3 of the module MK is connected to the base of the transistor BG1 of the bridge inverter circuit, the anode of the diode D6, and one end of the resistor R4; the pin 4
- the internal circuit of the multi-function module MK is as shown in FIG. 3: comprising a transistor, a thyristor, a diode, a resistor, a capacitor and an electrolytic capacitor; the specific function of the multi-function module MK is activated by an anti-co-channel Preheating circuit and overcurrent, short circuit protection circuit.
- the anti-co-transmission routing transistors BG3 B BG4, diodes D8 D D9, resistors R8 R R11, and capacitor C7 are formed; the emitter of the triode BG3 is connected to one end of the resistor R10 and the MK pin 3 of the module (Note: The transistor BG3 is a PNP type transistor, and the rest are NPN type transistors. The base of the transistor BG3 is connected to the other end of the resistor R10, one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the capacitor C7, and the collector and the resistor of the transistor BG3.
- One end of the device R8, the negative electrode of the diode D8, the positive electrode of the diode D12, one end of the capacitor C10 and the MK pin 2 of the present module are connected; the collector of the transistor BG4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the resistor R11.
- the base of the transistor BG4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R8 and the end of the resistor R9; the emitter of the transistor BG4 and the other end of the resistor R9, the anode of the diode D9, the cathode of the diode D11, and the anode of the diode D10.
- One end of the resistor R12 is connected to the pin 5 of the module; the anode of the diode D8 and the cathode of the diode D9 Connection.
- the startup preheating circuit is composed of a transistor BG5, a diode D10, resistors R12 to R14, an electrolytic capacitor C8, capacitors C9 to C10, and resistors R10 to R11, a capacitor C7 and a transistor BG3 in the anti-coherence circuit;
- the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C8 is connected to the lead 4 of the module, the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C8 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the base of the transistor BG5, and the resistor R13.
- One end is connected to one end of the capacitor C9; the emitter of the transistor BG5 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D10, the other end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R13, the other end of the capacitor C9, and the other end of the capacitor C10.
- the overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit by thyristor QT, diode Dl l, resistor R15 ⁇ R16, electrolytic capacitor
- the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C11 is connected to the cathode of the thyristor QT, the cathode of the diode D12, and the lead 7 of the module; the anode of the thyristor QT and the anode of the diode D11 and the anode of the LED DL Connected, the negative terminal of the LED DL is connected to one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the R15 of the resistor is connected to the pin 1 of the module.
- the electronic ballast has anti-co-conversion, start-up preheating, open circuit, overcurrent and short circuit protection functions; although the addition of a small cost does significantly change the inherent disadvantages of the original electronic ballast; the electronic ballast has an electronic pre- Advantages of heat, dry resistance, sufficient drive power and extremely low damage (even if the output is short-circuited, the electronic ballast will not be damaged), and the illuminated lamp can be compared to the original electronic ballast.
- the brightness of the lamp with the same power is obviously increased, so that the life of the lamp tube is relatively increased to 3 ⁇ 5 times or more; the electronic ballast of the invention has high cost performance and strong market competitiveness, and has better performance.
- Social and environmental benefits are also conducive to the production and popularization of "separate energy-saving lamps", and are more conducive to reducing carbon dioxide gas emissions and environmental pollution caused by heavy metal mercury.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the MK part of the multifunctional module of the present invention.
- the invention is "a fluorescent ballast and an energy-saving lamp electronic ballast" mainly composed of a rectifying and filtering circuit, an open circuit protection and trigger circuit, a half bridge inverter circuit, a series resonant output circuit and a multifunctional module.
- the rectifier circuit, the open circuit protection and trigger circuit, the half bridge inverse transformer circuit and the series resonant output circuit are all prior art, and the working principle thereof is not described herein.
- the multi-function module MK is composed of an anti-co-transmission circuit, a start preheating circuit, and an overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit.
- the anti-co-conductive routing transistors BG3 B BG4, diodes D8 D D9, resistors R8 R R11 and capacitor C7 The specification comprises: when the half-bridge inverter circuit works in the positive half cycle output, the transistor BG1 is turned on, and the transistor BG2 is turned off; at this time, no current passes through the module pin 2 through the diodes D8, D9 and the resistors R8, R9 Flow to module pin 5, so the voltage between module pin 2 and module pin 5 is 0 volts; between resistors R8, R9 connected in series with the base of the transistor BG4 and the module pin 5 The voltage is also 0 volts; at this time, the transistor BG4 is turned off, because the base voltage of the transistor BG3 is equal to the voltage of the pin 3 of the module under the action of the resistor R10, and the emitter of the transistor BG3 is also connected with the pin 3 of the module.
- the transistor BG3 Connected, so the voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor BG3 is equal to 0 volts; the transistor BG3 is turned off, so the transistor BG3 has no effect on the working state of the transistor BG1 when the half-bridge inverter circuit operates at the positive half cycle output.
- the transistor BG1 is turned off and the transistor BG2 is turned on; at this time, the current flows through the diodes D8 and D9 of the module and the resistors R8 and R9 respectively.
- Module 5 pin since diodes D8 and D9 are connected in series in the forward direction, and since diodes D8 and D9 are selected as ordinary silicon rectifier tubes with a forward junction voltage drop of 0.6 volts, the voltage between pin 2 and pin 5 is stabilized.
- module pin 2 is relatively positive voltage
- module pin 5 is relatively negative voltage
- resistors R8, R9 are connected in series, properly select the resistance of resistors R8, R9, so that resistors R8, R9
- the voltage between the node voltage connected to the base of the transistor BG4 and the voltage between the module pins 5 is slightly higher than 0.6 volts, so that the transistor BG4 is turned on; after the transistor BG4 is turned on, the collector voltage is approximately equal to the module pin.
- the voltage of 5 is applied to the base of the transistor BG3 through the current limiting resistor R11 and the accelerating capacitor C7.
- This voltage is a forward voltage with respect to the base of the PNP type transistor BG3, and the transistor BG3 is turned on; thus the emission of the transistor BG3
- the voltage between the terminal pin 3 and the collector, that is, the module pin 2 is approximately equal to 0 volts, and since the module pin 2 is connected to the other end of the emitter resistor R3 of the half bridge inverter circuit BG1, Module pin 3 and half bridge
- the base of the inverter transistor BG1 is connected. If a positive current with interference is applied to the base of the half-bridge inverter BG1, it will be short-circuited by the emitter and collector of the transistor BG3 in the module.
- the half-bridge inverter transistor BG1 is forcibly turned off by the anti-co-transmission circuit; that is, the transistors BG1 and BG2 of the half-bridge inverter are anti-co-guided. Under the action of the circuit, it will not be instantaneously turned on and damaged in any working state.
- the startup preheating circuit is composed of a triode BG5, resistors R12 to R14, an electrolytic capacitor C8, capacitors C9 to C10, and a triode BG3, a resistor R10 to R11, and a capacitor C7 in the anti-coherence circuit;
- the voltage between the electrolytic capacitor C8 and the capacitor C10 is equal to 0 volts;
- the bridge inverter when the bridge inverter is started, it first enters the negative half-cycle output state, the transistor BG1 is turned off, the transistor BG2 is turned on, and the current is passed by the rectifying and filtering circuit.
- the positive electrode of node A is filament "flow direction" at one end of lamp DG (Note: the following is represented by “one")
- the primary winding a of the saturating transformer enters the multi-function module via module pin 2 and is divided into three ways: one through diode D8-D9 to pin 5, the other through resistor R8-R9 to pin 5, and one via capacitor C10-diode D10 flows to module pin 5, and then rectifies via transistor BG2 - resistor R5 - resistor R7 -
- the node B is negatively charged; in this process, the capacitor C5 and the capacitor C10 are respectively charged; the capacitor C10 is connected to the module pin 2 terminal is positive, and the capacitor C10 is connected to the diode D10 positive terminal is negative;
- the voltage induced at the head end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T connected to the pin 4 is
- the device C5 ⁇ starts to discharge, and its positive current passes through one end of the series resonant capacitor C5, and the other end of the lamp DG is a capacitor C4 (Note: Since the capacity of the capacitor C4 is small, a part of the current flows through the electrolytic capacitor C1 - the module pin 7 ⁇ Diode D12—module pin 2 ⁇ magnetic saturation transformer T primary winding a)—magnetic saturation transformer T primary winding a—series resonant inductor L ⁇ capacitor C6—lamp DG end filament one end of series resonant capacitor C5; The tail end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T is induced to be a negative voltage.
- This negative voltage is applied to the base of the transistor BG2 via the resistor R6 to keep the transistor BG2 off; the tail of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T
- the terminal sense is negative, and the first end is induced as a positive voltage; this positive voltage is applied to the base of the transistor BG1 via the resistor R4, and is applied to the BG5 base of the triode through the pin 4 of the multi-function module - the electrolytic capacitor C8 ⁇ the resistor R14
- the transistor BG5 is turned on; at the same time, the electrolytic capacitor C8 is charged. Due to the large capacity selected by the electrolytic capacitor C8 and the current limiting action of the resistor R14, only a small amount of electricity can be charged in each positive half cycle.
- capacitor C10 is charged during the first negative half cycle of the half-bridge inverter; capacitor C10 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D10 to be negatively charged, this voltage of capacitor C10 and the tail of secondary winding b of magnetic saturation transformer T
- the terminal induction is a negative electric phase superposition; for the base of the PNP type triode BG3, it is a forward current.
- the triode BG5 is turned on, this negative voltage is applied to the base of the triode BG3 via the resistor R11 and the capacitor C7, so that the triode BG3 is guided.
- the transistor BG3 is turned on to make the voltage between the module pin 2 and the module pin 3 close to 0 volts, which is equivalent to the voltage between the base and the emitter of the transistor BG1 is equal to 0 volt, forcing the transistor BG1 in the half bridge inverter
- the base of the PNP transistor BG3 loses the negative voltage and is turned off.
- the positive voltage induced at the head end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T can be normal.
- the resistor R4 is applied to the base of the transistor BG1 to make the conduction of the transistor BG1 relatively delayed (appropriate selection of the capacity of the capacitor C10, which can change the positive half-cycle of the bridge inverter in the bridge inverter BG1 Since the time during which the transistor BG1 is turned on in the positive half cycle is relatively shortened, the output power of the entire bridge inverter is relatively reduced, and the appropriate selection of the starting power does not have an impact on the filament of the lamp but instead It can play the role of preheating; when the electronic inverter is started, the bridge inverter charges the capacitor C10 every negative half cycle output, and discharges in the appropriate time during each positive half cycle output, electrolysis Capacitor C8 is charged every positive half cycle, and does not discharge during negative half cycle.
- electrolytic capacitor C8 When the voltage charged by electrolytic capacitor C8 is equal to the positive voltage induced at the head end of secondary winding b of magnetic saturation transformer T, electrolytic capacitor C8 The charging current will not be generated again, so that the triode BG5 and the triode BG3 are no longer turned on. At this time, the electronic ballast starts the preheating process, and the bridge inverter enters the normal output working state; the capacitor C7 accelerates in the circuit.
- capacitor C9 acts as a high-frequency voltage bypass in the circuit; when the illumination is turned off and the AC power is turned off, the positive voltage charged by the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C8 passes through the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T—module pin 2 ⁇ Resistors R8, R9 ⁇ Resistors R12 ⁇ Resistors R13 ⁇ Resistors R14 are discharged to the negative pole of electrolytic capacitor C8.
- the entire discharge time is about ten seconds. During this time, if the lamp is re-lighted, although it starts up
- the preheating circuit cannot fully exert its function of starting the preheating process, but since the temperature of the lamp tube and the filament is not completely cooled, the service life of the lamp tube is Big impact.
- the overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit by thyristor QT, diode Dl l, resistor R15 ⁇ R16, electrolytic capacitor
- the thyristor QT When the voltage across the resistor R7 is higher than the trigger voltage of the thyristor QT control electrode, the thyristor QT will be made via the resistor R16.
- the thyristor QT When the thyristor QT is turned on, its anode voltage is equal to 0 volts relative to the module pin 7 and the junction B voltage in the rectifying and filtering circuit, so that the diode D11 is forward-conducting, so that the voltage of the pin 5 and the lead
- the voltage of the foot 7 is also close to 0 volts; by the action of the anti-communication circuit described above, the transistor BG1 of the bridge inverter is immediately cut off, so that the entire bridge inverter works completely to stop the protection; After the converter stops outputting, there is no current passing across the resistor R3 and the voltage drop is equal to 0 volts.
- the thyristor QT Since the current flowing through the resistors R1 and R2 through the diode D11 and the thyristor QT is very small, it is possible to cause the thyristor QT to exit. Inductive state; In order to prevent the thyristor QT from exiting the conduction state and causing the bridge inverter to start again and be damaged, the positive voltage of the node A of the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected to the light-emitting diode DL to provide the thyristor QT.
- the flow causes the thyristor QT to maintain a stable conduction state, and the light-emitting diode DL emits light, prompting the consumer to enter the protection state of the electronic ballast ;; if the power supply is disconnected under the protection state, the electrolytic capacitor in the rectification and filtering circuit While the amount of electricity stored in C1 is gradually decreasing, the maintenance of thyristor QT The current of the specification is also gradually reduced.
- the holding current of the thyristor QT When the holding current of the thyristor QT is less than a certain value, it will exit the conduction state and be cut off, so that the overcurrent and short circuit protection circuits of the module are restored to the normal working state of the electronic ballast; The process can effectively protect the electronic ballast from being damaged when there is overcurrent or short circuit at the output.
- FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are also actual circuit schematic diagrams of the embodiment; the electronic component connection relationship according to the circuit schematic diagram of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 and the appropriate selection of the electrical performance parameters of each electronic component can be produced. Different power fluorescent lamps and energy-saving lamp electronic ballasts.
- the multi-function module MK (Fig. 3) can be formed on a circuit board by using the discrete components and the components shown in Fig. 2, or the multi-function module MK can be made into a thick film circuit and an integrated circuit, and then the drawing.
- the components shown in Fig. 2 are fabricated on a circuit board, which significantly reduces the volume of the electronic ballast of the present invention and provides more reliable performance.
- the power output tubes BG1 and BG2 of the bridge inverter can be replaced by bipolar transistors or field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).
- MOSFETs field effect transistors
- IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
- the multi-function module MK can be widely applied to electronic products having a bridge inverter output circuit.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an electronic ballast for a fluorescent lamp and an energy-saving lamp. A multi-function module MK circuit is added to the electronic ballast which is based on a half-bridge inverter circuit. The multi-function module MK circuit, which is connected between a positive node A and negative node B of a power supply of a rectifier filter circuit and an upper and a lower bridge of two power tubes, has functions of preventing the upper and lower bridge from being on at the same time, stating preheating, over current and short-circuit protection. Although the cost is increased, the electronic ballast can be a new generation half-bridge inverter circuit electronic ballast which has long use life, relatively low cost, sufficient output power and has the functions of electronic preheating, over current and short-circuit protection. The invention helps to promote and popularize split type energy-saving lamps, end the situation that previous fluorescent lamps and energy-saving lamps save energy without saving money, and further helps to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and the environment pollution caused by mercury.
Description
一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器 Electronic ballast for fluorescent lamp and energy saving lamp
所属技术领域: Technical field:
本发明属于电照明技术领域, 更进一步涉及 "一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器"。 The invention belongs to the technical field of electric lighting, and further relates to "an electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps and energy-saving lamps".
背景技术: Background technique:
在现有的技术中: 目前在市场上销售和消费者普遍使用的"日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器" In the existing technology: "Fluorescent lamp and energy-saving lamp electronic ballast" currently used in the market and commonly used by consumers
(注: 以下简称为 "电子镇流器 "), 基本都是采用 "磁饱自激半桥式逆变器"(注: 以下简称 为 "半桥式逆变器";)的电路结构 (如附图 1所示); 由于结构简单、 使用元件较少、 售价较 低, 特别受到广大消费者的欢迎; 但是: 这种电子镇流器由于抗干扰能力差, 而且都没有过 流和短路保护功能, 所以每年都有 10〜20%以上的损坏率; 又因为没有预热功能, 使被点其 亮的 "日光灯管和节能灯管"(注: 以下简称为 "灯管") 的使用寿命严重缩短, 尤其环境温 度低于 + i o°c以下时, 灯管的使用寿命缩短的更加明显; 所以生产厂家不得不将镇流器的输 出功率降低为被点亮灯管的额定功率的 60〜70%, 以减少启动时对灯管的灯丝的冲击, 来延 长灯管的使用寿命, 结果造成使用这种镇流器点亮的灯管的亮度明显感到不足; 但是仍不能 避免每年产生大量的电子垃圾和废弃的灯管, 尤其不能忽视的是大量废弃的灯管内的重金属 汞对环境的污染和对子孙后代的危害; 而现在具有启动预热、 开路、 过流和短路保护功能的 电子镇流器, 都是采用专用的集成电路和场效应功率管组成; 由于成本较高所以售价相对昂 贵, 并不被广大消费者所接受。 (Note: hereinafter referred to as "electronic ballast"), basically the circuit structure using "magnetic saturation self-excited half-bridge inverter" (Note: hereinafter referred to as "half-bridge inverter") As shown in Figure 1); due to its simple structure, fewer components, and lower price, it is especially popular among consumers; however: This electronic ballast has poor anti-interference ability and no overcurrent and Short-circuit protection function, so there is a damage rate of 10~20% or more every year; and because there is no preheating function, the "sunlight tube and energy-saving lamp tube" (hereinafter referred to as "lamp") The service life is severely shortened, especially when the ambient temperature is below + io°c, the service life of the lamp is shortened more obviously; therefore, the manufacturer has to reduce the output power of the ballast to the rated power of the lamp to be lit. 60~70%, to reduce the impact on the filament of the lamp during startup, to prolong the service life of the lamp. As a result, the brightness of the lamp illuminated by the ballast is obviously insufficient; but it cannot be avoided every year. Big The amount of electronic waste and discarded lamps, especially the heavy metal mercury in a large number of discarded lamps, is environmentally harmful and harmful to future generations; now it has the functions of starting preheating, open circuit, overcurrent and short circuit protection. The electronic ballasts are composed of dedicated integrated circuits and field effect power tubes. Because of the high cost, the price is relatively expensive and is not accepted by consumers.
发明内容: Summary of the invention:
为了克服上述不足: 本发明提供一种基于半桥式逆变器电路的基础上, 加装一个 "多功 能模块 MK": 本模块具有 "防止半桥式逆变器的上下功率管意外瞬间同时导通而烧毁"(注: 以下简称为 "防共导")、 启动预热、 过流和短路保护功能; 虽然增加了少许成本, 却能使本 电子镇流器具有可靠性极高、 成本相对较低, 输出功率充足和带有多种保护功能的新一代电 子镇流器; 使用本电子镇流器点亮的灯管相对亮度明显增加, 并且使灯管的使用寿命相对延 长 3〜5倍以上等优点。 In order to overcome the above disadvantages: The present invention provides a "multi-function module MK" based on a half-bridge inverter circuit: This module has "preventing an accidental simultaneous and instantaneous power tube of a half-bridge inverter simultaneously Turn on and burn out" (Note: hereinafter referred to as "anti-co-guide"), start preheating, overcurrent and short circuit protection; although adding a little cost, it can make this electronic ballast extremely reliable and cost-relative Lower generation, ample output power and a new generation of electronic ballasts with multiple protection functions; the relative brightness of the lamps illuminated by the electronic ballast is significantly increased, and the service life of the lamps is extended by 3 to 5 times. The above advantages.
技术方案: Technical solutions:
本发明的技术方案: 包括三极管、 可控硅、 二极管、 电阻器、 电容器、 电解电容器、 变 压器和电感器组成; 其特征在于: 整流滤波电路、 开路保护与触发电路、 半桥式逆变器电路、 串联谐振输出电路和多功能模块 MK电路组成; 其中 "多功能模块 MK电路"(注: 以下简 称为 "模块 MK")连接在整流滤波电路的正电源结点 A、 负电源结点 B和桥式逆变器的两只 功率管的上下桥路之间 (附图 2所示)。
说 明 书 本发明具体技术方案如附图 2和附图 3所示: The technical solution of the present invention comprises: a triode, a thyristor, a diode, a resistor, a capacitor, an electrolytic capacitor, a transformer and an inductor; and the following features: a rectifying and filtering circuit, an open circuit protection and trigger circuit, and a half bridge inverter circuit The series resonant output circuit and the multi-function module MK circuit are composed; wherein the "multi-function module MK circuit" (Note: hereinafter referred to as "module MK") is connected to the positive power supply node A and the negative power supply node B of the rectifying and filtering circuit. The upper and lower bridges of the two power tubes of the bridge inverter (shown in Figure 2). The specific technical solutions of the present invention are shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3:
所述整流滤波电路: 包括二极管 D 1 D4和电解电容器 C1组成; 所述二极管 D1〜D4组 成桥式整流器, 其中二极管 D1 的负极与二极管 D2正极相连接, 并与交流电源的输入端 X 相连接, 所述二极管 D3 的负极与二极管 D4的正极相连接, 并与交流电源的另一输入端 0 相连接; 所述二极管 D l、 D3的正极和电解电容器 C1正极相连接的结点 A为正电; 所述二 极管 D2、 D4的负极和电解电容器 C1负极相连接的结点 B为负电。 The rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: a diode D 1 D4 and an electrolytic capacitor C1; the diodes D1 to D4 form a bridge rectifier, wherein a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to a cathode of the diode D2 and is connected to an input terminal X of the alternating current power source. The cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D4 and is connected to the other input terminal 0 of the alternating current power source; the node A of the anodes of the diodes D1 and D3 and the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 are positive. The node B connected to the negative electrode of the diodes D2 and D4 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is negatively charged.
所述开路保护与触发电路: 包括电阻器 R1〜R2、 二极管 D5、 电容器 C2和触发二极管 DR组成:所述电阻器 R1的一端、电阻器 R2的一端和电容器 C5的一端与灯管的一端的灯丝 的一端相连接; 电阻器 R1 的另一端与二极管 D5的负极、 触发二极管 DR的一端和电容器 C2的一端相连接; 所述电阻器 R2的另一端与二极管 D5的正极、 电阻器 R3的一端、 模块 MK引脚 2、 二极管 D6的负极、 电容器 C4的一端、 磁饱变压器 T的初级绕组 a的首端和磁 饱变压器 T的次级绕组 b的尾端相连接(注: 附图 2中为了区别磁饱变压器 T初级、 次级绕 组的方向, 按惯例规定带点端为绕组首端, 另一端为绕组尾端); 所述触发二极管 DR的另一 端与三极管 BG2的基极、二极管 D7正极和电阻器 R6的一端相连接; 所述电容器 C2的另一 端电阻 R7的一端、电解电容器 C3的负极、模块 MK引脚 7与整流滤波电路中的结点 B负电 相连接。 The open circuit protection and trigger circuit comprises: a resistor R1 R2, a diode D5, a capacitor C2 and a trigger diode DR: one end of the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the capacitor C5 and one end of the lamp tube One end of the filament is connected; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5, one end of the trigger diode DR, and one end of the capacitor C2; the other end of the resistor R2 and the anode of the diode D5, one end of the resistor R3 The module MK pin 2, the negative terminal of the diode D6, the end of the capacitor C4, the head end of the primary winding a of the magnetic saturation transformer T, and the tail end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T are connected (Note: In order to distinguish the direction of the primary and secondary windings of the magnetic saturation transformer T, the dotted end is the winding end and the other end is the winding tail according to the convention; the other end of the trigger diode DR and the base of the transistor BG2, the diode D7 The positive electrode is connected to one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the capacitor C2 has one end of the resistor R7, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C3, and the module MK pin 7 Flow filter circuit node B is connected to negative charge.
所述半桥式逆变器电路: 包括三极管 BG1~BG2、 二极管 D6~D7、 电阻器 R3 R6和磁饱 变压器 T组成; 所述三极管 BG1的集电极与电容器 C4的另一端、 灯管 DG—端的灯丝的另 一端和所述整流滤波电路中的结点 A正电相连接, 三极管 BG1的基极与二极管 D6的正极、 电阻器 R4的一端和模块 MK引脚 3相连接, 三极管 BG1的发射极与电阻器 R3的另一端相 连接; 所述电阻器 R3的一端与二极管 D5的正极、 电阻器 R2的另一端、 模块 MK引脚 2、 二极管 D6的负极、电容器 C4的一端、磁饱变压器 T的初级绕组 a的首端和磁饱变压器 T的 次级绕组 b的尾端相连接; 所述电阻器 R4的另一端与磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 b的首端相 连接; 所述三极管 BG2的集电极与模块 MK引脚 5相连接, 三极管 BG2的基极与二极管 D7 的正极、 电阻器 R6的一端和触发二极管 DR另一端相连接; 三极管 BG2的发射极与电阻器 R5的一端相连接, 电阻器 R5的另一端与二极管 D7的负极、 电阻器 R7、 电解电容器 C3的 正极、 模块 MK引脚 6和磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 c的首端相连接; 所述电阻器 R6的另一 端与磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 c的尾端相连接。 The half-bridge inverter circuit comprises: a transistor BG1~BG2, a diode D6~D7, a resistor R3 R6 and a magnetic saturation transformer T; the collector of the transistor BG1 and the other end of the capacitor C4, the lamp DG- The other end of the filament is positively connected to the node A in the rectifying and filtering circuit, the base of the transistor BG1 is connected to the anode of the diode D6, one end of the resistor R4 and the module MK pin 3, and the emission of the transistor BG1 The pole is connected to the other end of the resistor R3; one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the anode of the diode D5, the other end of the resistor R2, the module MK pin 2, the cathode of the diode D6, the end of the capacitor C4, and the magnetic saturation transformer. The first end of the primary winding a of T is connected to the tail end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the leading end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T; The collector of the transistor BG2 is connected to the MK pin 5 of the module, the base of the transistor BG2 is connected to the anode of the diode D7, the end of the resistor R6 and the other end of the trigger diode DR; the hair of the transistor BG2 The pole is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R5 is opposite to the cathode of the diode D7, the resistor R7, the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C3, the module MK pin 6, and the head end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the tail end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T.
所述串联谐振输出电路: 包括电感器 L、 电容器 C5〜C6和外接灯管 DG两端的灯丝所 组成; 所述电感器 L的一端与磁饱变压器 T初级绕组 a的尾端相连接, 电感器 L的另一端与
说 明 书 电容器 C6的一端相连接, 电容器 C6的另一端与外电路灯管 DG的另一端的灯丝的一端相连 接, 灯管 DG另一端的灯丝的另一端与电容器 C5的一端相连接, 电容器 C5的另一端与灯管 DG—端的灯丝的另一端相连接,所述灯管 DG—端的灯丝的另一端与所述整流滤波电路中的 结点 A正电相连接。 The series resonant output circuit comprises: an inductor L, capacitors C5 C C6 and a filament at both ends of the external lamp tube DG; one end of the inductor L is connected to the tail end of the primary winding a of the magnetic saturation transformer T, the inductor The other end of L One end of the capacitor C6 is connected, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the filament of the other end of the outer circuit tube DG, and the other end of the filament of the other end of the tube DG is connected to one end of the capacitor C5, the capacitor C5 The other end is connected to the other end of the filament of the lamp DG-end, and the other end of the filament of the lamp DG-end is positively connected to the node A in the rectifying and filtering circuit.
所述多功能模块电路 MK: 包括防共导电路、 启动预热电路和过流、 短路保护电路所组 成, 外部共设 1〜7共 7个引脚; 所述模块 MK的引脚 1与所述整流滤波电路中的结点 A正 电、 三极管 BG1的集电极、 电容器 C4的另一端、 灯管 DG的一端的灯丝的另一端相连接; 所述模块 MK的引脚 2与二极管 D5的正极、 电阻器 R2的另一端、 电阻器 R3的另一端、 二 极管 D6的负极、 电容器 C4的另一端、 磁饱变压器的初级绕组 a的首端和磁饱变压器的次级 b的尾端相连接; 所述模块 MK的引脚 3与桥式逆变器电路的三极管 BG1 的基极、 二极管 D6的正极、 电阻器 R4的一端相连接; 所述模块 MK的引脚 4与桥式逆变器电路中的电阻器 R4的另一端和磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 b的首端相连接;所述模块 MK的引脚 5与半桥式逆 变器电路中的三极管 BG2的集电极相连接;所述模块 MK的引脚 6与电解电容器 C3的正极、 电阻器 R7的另一端、 电阻器 R5的另一端、 二极管 D7的正极和磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 c 的首端相连接; 所述模块 MK的引脚 7与电阻器 R7的一端、 电解电容器 C3的负极和整流滤 波电路中的结点 B负电相连接。 The multi-function module circuit MK includes: an anti-co-transmission circuit, a start preheating circuit, and an overcurrent and short-circuit protection circuit, and externally set a total of 7 pins from 1 to 7; the module MK has a pin 1 and the The node A in the rectifying and filtering circuit is positive, the collector of the transistor BG1, the other end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the filament of the lamp DG are connected; the pin 2 of the module MK and the anode of the diode D5, The other end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D6, the other end of the capacitor C4, the head end of the primary winding a of the magnetic saturation transformer, and the tail end of the secondary b of the magnetic saturation transformer are connected; The pin 3 of the module MK is connected to the base of the transistor BG1 of the bridge inverter circuit, the anode of the diode D6, and one end of the resistor R4; the pin 4 of the module MK and the bridge inverter circuit The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the head end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T; the pin 5 of the module MK is connected to the collector of the transistor BG2 in the half-bridge inverter circuit; Said module MK pin 6 and The positive terminal of the decoupling capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R5, the anode of the diode D7, and the head end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T are connected; the pin 7 of the module MK and the resistor One end of the device R7, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C3, and the node B in the rectifying and filtering circuit are negatively connected.
所述多功能模块 MK内部电路如附图 3所示: 包括晶体三极管、 可控硅、 二极管、 电阻 器、 电容器和电解电容器组成; 所述多功能模块 MK的具体功能是由防共导电路、 启动预热 电路和过流、 短路保护电路组成。 The internal circuit of the multi-function module MK is as shown in FIG. 3: comprising a transistor, a thyristor, a diode, a resistor, a capacitor and an electrolytic capacitor; the specific function of the multi-function module MK is activated by an anti-co-channel Preheating circuit and overcurrent, short circuit protection circuit.
所述防共导电路由三极管 BG3〜BG4、 二极管 D8〜D9、 电阻器 R8〜R11、 电容器 C7 组成; 所述三极管 BG3的发射极与电阻器 R10的一端和本模块 MK引脚 3相连接 (注: 三 极管 BG3是 PNP型晶体三极管, 其余均为 NPN型晶体三极管), 三极管 BG3的基极与电阻 器 R10的另一端、 电阻器 R11的一端和电容器 C7的一端相连接, 三极管 BG3的集电极与电 阻器 R8的一端、 二极管 D8的负极、 二极管 D12的正极、 电容器 C10的一端和本模块 MK 引脚 2相连接;所述三极管 BG4的集电极与电容器 C7另一端和电阻器 R11的另一端相连接; 三极管 BG4的基极与电阻器 R8的另一端和电阻器的 R9的一端相连接; 三极管 BG4的发射 极与电阻器 R9的另一端、 二极管 D9的正极、 二极管 D11的负极、 二极管 D10的正极、 电 阻器 R12的一端和本模块引脚 5相连接; 所述二极管 D8的正极与二极管 D9的负极相连接。 The anti-co-transmission routing transistors BG3 B BG4, diodes D8 D D9, resistors R8 R R11, and capacitor C7 are formed; the emitter of the triode BG3 is connected to one end of the resistor R10 and the MK pin 3 of the module (Note: The transistor BG3 is a PNP type transistor, and the rest are NPN type transistors. The base of the transistor BG3 is connected to the other end of the resistor R10, one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the capacitor C7, and the collector and the resistor of the transistor BG3. One end of the device R8, the negative electrode of the diode D8, the positive electrode of the diode D12, one end of the capacitor C10 and the MK pin 2 of the present module are connected; the collector of the transistor BG4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the resistor R11. The base of the transistor BG4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R8 and the end of the resistor R9; the emitter of the transistor BG4 and the other end of the resistor R9, the anode of the diode D9, the cathode of the diode D11, and the anode of the diode D10. One end of the resistor R12 is connected to the pin 5 of the module; the anode of the diode D8 and the cathode of the diode D9 Connection.
所述启动预热电路: 由三极管 BG5、 二极管 D10、 电阻器 R12〜R14、 电解电容器 C8、 电容器 C9〜C10和所述防共导电路里的电阻器 R10〜R11、 电容器 C7和三极管 BG3组成;
说 明 书 所述电解电容器 C8的正极与本模块引脚 4相连接,电解电容器 C8的负极与电阻器 R14的一 端相连接, 所述电阻器 R14的另一端与三极管 BG5的基极、 电阻器 R13的一端和电容器 C9 的一端相连接; 所述三极管 BG5的发射极与二极管 D10的负极、 电阻器 R12的另一端、 电 阻器 R13的另一端、 电容器 C9的另一端和电容器 C10的另一端相连接。 The startup preheating circuit is composed of a transistor BG5, a diode D10, resistors R12 to R14, an electrolytic capacitor C8, capacitors C9 to C10, and resistors R10 to R11, a capacitor C7 and a transistor BG3 in the anti-coherence circuit; The anode of the electrolytic capacitor C8 is connected to the lead 4 of the module, the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C8 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the base of the transistor BG5, and the resistor R13. One end is connected to one end of the capacitor C9; the emitter of the transistor BG5 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D10, the other end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R13, the other end of the capacitor C9, and the other end of the capacitor C10.
所述过流、 短路保护电路: 由可控硅 QT、 二极管 Dl l、 电阻器 R15〜R16、 电解电容器 The overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit: by thyristor QT, diode Dl l, resistor R15~R16, electrolytic capacitor
Cll、 发光二极管 DL和所述防共导电路共同组成; 所述电阻器 R16的一端与本模块引脚 6 相连接, 电阻器 R16的另一端与电解电容器 C11的正极和可控硅 QT的触发极相连接, 所述 电解电容器 C11的负极与可控硅 QT的阴极、 二极管 D12的负极和本模块引脚 7相连接; 所 述可控硅 QT的阳极与二极管 D11的正极和发光二极管 DL的正极相连接, 发光二极管 DL 的负极与电阻器 R15的一端相连接, 电阻器的 R15的另一端与本模块引脚 1相连接; 本发明有益效果是: C11, the light emitting diode DL and the anti-conduction circuit are jointly formed; one end of the resistor R16 is connected with the pin 6 of the module, the other end of the resistor R16 is opposite to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C11 and the trigger pole of the thyristor QT Connected, the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C11 is connected to the cathode of the thyristor QT, the cathode of the diode D12, and the lead 7 of the module; the anode of the thyristor QT and the anode of the diode D11 and the anode of the LED DL Connected, the negative terminal of the LED DL is connected to one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the R15 of the resistor is connected to the pin 1 of the module. The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本电子镇流器具有防共导、 启动预热、 开路、 过流和短路保护功能; 虽然增加了少许成 本确明显地改变了原电子镇流器的固有缺点; 使本电子镇流器具有电子预热、抗干能力扰强、 驱动功率充足和极不易损坏等优点(即使把输出端短路也不会使本电子镇流器损坏),并能使 被点亮的灯管比原电子镇流器点亮的同功率的灯管亮度明显增加, 使灯管的寿命相对提高到 3〜5倍以上; 本发明的电子镇流器具有较高的性价比和较强的市场竞争力, 有较好的社会效 益和环境效益, 也有利于 "分体式节能灯"的生产和普及, 更有利于减少二氧化碳气体的排 放和重金属汞对环境的污染。 The electronic ballast has anti-co-conversion, start-up preheating, open circuit, overcurrent and short circuit protection functions; although the addition of a small cost does significantly change the inherent disadvantages of the original electronic ballast; the electronic ballast has an electronic pre- Advantages of heat, dry resistance, sufficient drive power and extremely low damage (even if the output is short-circuited, the electronic ballast will not be damaged), and the illuminated lamp can be compared to the original electronic ballast. The brightness of the lamp with the same power is obviously increased, so that the life of the lamp tube is relatively increased to 3~5 times or more; the electronic ballast of the invention has high cost performance and strong market competitiveness, and has better performance. Social and environmental benefits are also conducive to the production and popularization of "separate energy-saving lamps", and are more conducive to reducing carbon dioxide gas emissions and environmental pollution caused by heavy metal mercury.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明: The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
附图 2是本发明的整体电路原理图; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit of the present invention;
附图 3是本发明多功能模块 MK部分电路原理图; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the MK part of the multifunctional module of the present invention;
下面结合附图 2对本发明的结构及工作原理做简单说明: The structure and working principle of the present invention will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. 2:
如附图 2所示: 本发明是 "一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器"主要由整流滤波电路、 开 路保护与触发电路、 半桥式逆变器电路、 串联谐振输出电路和多功能模块电路所组成; 所述 整流滤波电路、 开路保护与触发电路、 半桥逆式变器电路和串联谐振式输出电路均为现有技 术, 其工作原理不在赘述。 As shown in FIG. 2: The invention is "a fluorescent ballast and an energy-saving lamp electronic ballast" mainly composed of a rectifying and filtering circuit, an open circuit protection and trigger circuit, a half bridge inverter circuit, a series resonant output circuit and a multifunctional module. The rectifier circuit, the open circuit protection and trigger circuit, the half bridge inverse transformer circuit and the series resonant output circuit are all prior art, and the working principle thereof is not described herein.
下面结合附图 3和附图 2中的部分电子元件, 对本发明 "一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流 器"的多功能模块部分的结构和原理作进一步详细说明。 The structure and principle of the multi-function module portion of the "one fluorescent lamp and the energy-saving lamp electronic ballast" of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to some of the electronic components of Figs. 3 and 2.
所述多功能模块 MK: 由防共导电路、 启动预热电路和过流、 短路保护电路组成。 The multi-function module MK: is composed of an anti-co-transmission circuit, a start preheating circuit, and an overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit.
所述防共导电路由三极管 BG3〜BG4、 二极管 D8〜D9、 电阻器 R8〜R11和电容器 C7
说 明 书 组成; 所述当半桥式逆变器电路工作在的正半周输出时, 三极管 BG1导通、 三极管 BG2截 止; 这时没有电流通过模块引脚 2经二极管 D8、 D9和电阻器 R8、 R9流向模块引脚 5, 所以 模块引脚 2和模块引脚 5之间的电压为 0伏; 电阻器 R8、 R9串联后与三极管 BG4的基极相 连接的结点电压与模块引脚 5之间的电压也为 0伏; 这时三极管 BG4截止, 由于在电阻器 R10的作用下三极管 BG3的基极电压等于本模块引脚 3的电压, 又由于三极管 BG3的发射 极也与本模块引脚 3相连接, 所以三极管 BG3的发射极与基极之间电压等于 0伏; 使三极管 BG3截止, 所以三极管 BG3对半桥式逆变器电路工作在正半周输出时对三极管 BG1的工作 状态无任何影响; 当半桥式逆变器电路工作在负半周输出时, 三极管 BG1截止、三极管 BG2 导通; 这时电流经本模块引脚 2分别经二极管 D8、 D9和电阻器 R8、 R9流向本模块 5脚, 由于二极管 D8、 D9是正向串联的,又由于二极管 D8、 D9选用的是正向结压降 0.6伏的普通 硅整流管, 所以引脚 2和引脚 5之间的电压被稳定在 1.2伏左右; 模块引脚 2相对为正电压、 模块引脚 5相对为负电压; 又由于电阻器 R8、 R9是串联的, 适当选择电阻器 R8、 R9的阻 值, 使电阻器 R8、 R9串联后与三极管 BG4的基极相连接的结点电压与模块引脚 5之间的电 压比 0.6伏稍高一些,使三极管 BG4导通;三极管 BG4导通后其集电极电压约等于模块引脚 5的电压, 通过限流电阻器 R11和加速电容器 C7加在三极管 BG3的基极上, 这个电压相对 于 PNP型三极管 BG3的基极属于正向电压,使三极管 BG3导通; 于是三极管 BG3的发射极 即模块引脚 3与集电极即模块引脚 2之间的电压约等于 0伏, 又由于模块引脚 2与半桥式逆 变器电路三极管 BG1的发射极电阻 R3的另一端相连接, 模块引脚 3与半桥式逆变器三极管 BG1的基极相连接,这时如果有干扰的正电流加在半桥式逆变器三极管 BG1的基极上,就会 被模块内的三极管 BG3的发射极与集电极所短路; 所以当半桥式逆变器的三极管 BG2导通 时, 半桥式逆变器三极管 BG1被防共导电路强制于截止状态; 也就是说半桥式逆变器的三极 管 BG1、 BG2在防共导电路的作用下, 在任何工作状态下都不会产生瞬间同时导通而损坏。 The anti-co-conductive routing transistors BG3 B BG4, diodes D8 D D9, resistors R8 R R11 and capacitor C7 The specification comprises: when the half-bridge inverter circuit works in the positive half cycle output, the transistor BG1 is turned on, and the transistor BG2 is turned off; at this time, no current passes through the module pin 2 through the diodes D8, D9 and the resistors R8, R9 Flow to module pin 5, so the voltage between module pin 2 and module pin 5 is 0 volts; between resistors R8, R9 connected in series with the base of the transistor BG4 and the module pin 5 The voltage is also 0 volts; at this time, the transistor BG4 is turned off, because the base voltage of the transistor BG3 is equal to the voltage of the pin 3 of the module under the action of the resistor R10, and the emitter of the transistor BG3 is also connected with the pin 3 of the module. Connected, so the voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor BG3 is equal to 0 volts; the transistor BG3 is turned off, so the transistor BG3 has no effect on the working state of the transistor BG1 when the half-bridge inverter circuit operates at the positive half cycle output. When the half-bridge inverter circuit works in the negative half-cycle output, the transistor BG1 is turned off and the transistor BG2 is turned on; at this time, the current flows through the diodes D8 and D9 of the module and the resistors R8 and R9 respectively. Module 5 pin, since diodes D8 and D9 are connected in series in the forward direction, and since diodes D8 and D9 are selected as ordinary silicon rectifier tubes with a forward junction voltage drop of 0.6 volts, the voltage between pin 2 and pin 5 is stabilized. 1.2 volts or so; module pin 2 is relatively positive voltage, module pin 5 is relatively negative voltage; and because resistors R8, R9 are connected in series, properly select the resistance of resistors R8, R9, so that resistors R8, R9 After the series connection, the voltage between the node voltage connected to the base of the transistor BG4 and the voltage between the module pins 5 is slightly higher than 0.6 volts, so that the transistor BG4 is turned on; after the transistor BG4 is turned on, the collector voltage is approximately equal to the module pin. The voltage of 5 is applied to the base of the transistor BG3 through the current limiting resistor R11 and the accelerating capacitor C7. This voltage is a forward voltage with respect to the base of the PNP type transistor BG3, and the transistor BG3 is turned on; thus the emission of the transistor BG3 The voltage between the terminal pin 3 and the collector, that is, the module pin 2 is approximately equal to 0 volts, and since the module pin 2 is connected to the other end of the emitter resistor R3 of the half bridge inverter circuit BG1, Module pin 3 and half bridge The base of the inverter transistor BG1 is connected. If a positive current with interference is applied to the base of the half-bridge inverter BG1, it will be short-circuited by the emitter and collector of the transistor BG3 in the module. Therefore, when the transistor BG2 of the half-bridge inverter is turned on, the half-bridge inverter transistor BG1 is forcibly turned off by the anti-co-transmission circuit; that is, the transistors BG1 and BG2 of the half-bridge inverter are anti-co-guided. Under the action of the circuit, it will not be instantaneously turned on and damaged in any working state.
所述启动预热电路: 由三极管 BG5、 电阻器 R12〜R14、 电解电容器 C8、 电容器 C9〜 C10和所述防共导电路中的三极管 BG3、 电阻器 R10〜R11、 电容器 C7组成; 在桥式逆变器 启动前电解电容器 C8、 电容器 C10两端电压都等于 0伏; 当桥式逆变器启动后, 首先进入负 半周输出状态, 三极管 BG1截止、 三极管 BG2导通, 电流由所述整流滤波电路中的结点 A 的正电经灯管 DG的一端的灯丝 "流向"(注: 以下用 "一"来代表) 电容器 C5—灯管 DG 的另一端的灯丝一电容器 C6→电感器 L→磁饱变压器初级绕组 a经模块引脚 2进入多功能模 块后分三路: 一路经二极管 D8—D9流向引脚 5、 另一路经电阻 R8—R9流向引脚 5、 还有一 路经电容器 C10—二极管 D10流向模块引脚 5, 再经三极管 BG2—电阻 R5—电阻 R7—整流
说 明 书 滤波电路中的结点 B负电; 在这个过程中同时分别对电容器 C5和对电容器 C10充电; 电容 器 C10接模块引脚 2端为正, 电容器 C10接二极管 D10正极端为负; 这时由于模块引脚 4 连接的磁饱变压器 T次级绕组 b的首端感应的电压为负电压, 模块引脚 2与磁饱变压器 T次 级绕组 b的尾端感应的电压为正电压,相对于二极管 D10和三极管 BG5发射结均为反向电压, 所以电流不能经模块引脚 2→电阻器 R8→电阻器 R9→二极管 D10—三极管 BG5的发射结一 电解电容器 C8和模块引脚 4对电解电容器 C8反向充电或放电; 由于桥式逆变器的工作频率 相对较高, 电阻 R12、 R13的阻值选用的相对较大, 对电容器 C10反向充放电过程影响不大, 可以忽略不计; 当半桥式逆变器负半周输出结束进入正半周输出时: 三极管 BG2截止, 三极 管 BG1在启动预热电路的作用下不能立即导通, 串联谐振电容器 C5巳开始放电, 其正电流 经串联谐振电容器 C5的一端一灯管 DG的另一端灯丝一电容器 C4 (注: 由于电容器 C4容 量较小, 还有一部分电流经电解电容器 C1—模块引脚 7→二极管 D12—模块引脚 2→磁饱变 压器 T初级绕组 a) —磁饱变压器 T初级绕组 a—串联谐振电感器 L→电容器 C6—灯管 DG 一端灯丝一串联谐振电容器 C5的另一端; 这时磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 c的尾端感应为负 电压, 这个负电压经电阻 R6加在三极管 BG2的基极上, 使三极管 BG2保持截止; 磁饱变压 器 T的次级绕组 b的尾端感应为负电, 其首端感应为正电压; 这个正电压经电阻 R4加在三 极管 BG1的基极上, 同时经多功能模块的引脚 4—电解电容器 C8→电阻器 R14加在三极管 BG5基极, 使三极管 BG5导通; 同时对电解电容器 C8充电, 由于电解电容器 C8选用的容 量较大和电阻 R14的限流作用, 每一个正半周只能充入少许电量; 又由于电容器 C10在半桥 式逆变器前一个负半周输出时巳充电; 电容器 C10接二极管 D10的正极端充为负电, 电容器 C10的这个电压与磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 b的尾端感应为负电相叠加;对于 PNP型三极管 BG3的基极来讲为正向电流,在三极管 BG5导通时这个负电压经电阻 R11和电容器 C7加在 三极管 BG3的基极上, 使三极管 BG3导通; 三极管 BG3导通使模块引脚 2与模块引脚 3之 间电压接近于 0伏,相当于三极管 BG1的基极与发射极间的电压等于 0伏, 迫使三极管 BG1 在半桥式逆变器正半周的初期仍保持截止状态; 当电容器 C10放电完毕, PNP型三极管 BG3 的基极失去负电压而截止, 这时磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 b的首端感应的正电压, 才能正常 的经过电阻器 R4加在三极管 BG1基极, 使三极管 BG1的导通相对延迟 (适当选择电容器 C10的容量, 可以改变三极管 BG1 的在桥式逆变器正半周输出内延迟导通的时间); 由于三 极管 BG1在正半周导通的时间相对缩短, 使整个桥式逆变器输出功率相对减小, 适当选择启 动功率对灯管的灯丝不但没有冲击作用反而还能起到预热作用; 在本电子镇流器启动时桥式 逆变器每个负半周输出时都对电容器 C10充电, 在每个正半周输出时适当时间内放完, 电解
说 明 书 电容器 C8是在每个正半周时都充电, 在负半周时不放电, 当电解电容器 C8充得的电压等于 磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 b的首端感应的正电压时, 电解电容器 C8就不会再产生充电电流, 使三极管 BG5和三极管 BG3不再导通, 这时本电子镇流器启动预热过程完毕, 桥式逆变器 进入正常输出工作状态; 电容器 C7在电路中起加速作用, 电容器 C9在电路中起高频电压旁 路作用; 当照明结束关闭交流电源时, 电解电容器 C8 的正极所充的正电压, 会经过磁饱变 压器 T的次级绕组 b—模块引脚 2→电阻器 R8、 R9→电阻器 R12→电阻器 R13→电阻器 R14 到电解电容器 C8 的负极放掉, 整个放电时间大约十几秒钟, 在这段时间内如果重新点亮灯 管, 虽然启动预热电路不能充分发挥其全部启动预热过程的作用, 但是由于灯管和灯丝温度 还没完全冷却, 所以对灯管的使用寿命并无大影响。 The startup preheating circuit is composed of a triode BG5, resistors R12 to R14, an electrolytic capacitor C8, capacitors C9 to C10, and a triode BG3, a resistor R10 to R11, and a capacitor C7 in the anti-coherence circuit; Before the transformer starts, the voltage between the electrolytic capacitor C8 and the capacitor C10 is equal to 0 volts; when the bridge inverter is started, it first enters the negative half-cycle output state, the transistor BG1 is turned off, the transistor BG2 is turned on, and the current is passed by the rectifying and filtering circuit. The positive electrode of node A is filament "flow direction" at one end of lamp DG (Note: the following is represented by "one") Capacitor C5 - filament at the other end of lamp DG - capacitor C6 → inductor L → magnetic The primary winding a of the saturating transformer enters the multi-function module via module pin 2 and is divided into three ways: one through diode D8-D9 to pin 5, the other through resistor R8-R9 to pin 5, and one via capacitor C10-diode D10 flows to module pin 5, and then rectifies via transistor BG2 - resistor R5 - resistor R7 - In the filter circuit, the node B is negatively charged; in this process, the capacitor C5 and the capacitor C10 are respectively charged; the capacitor C10 is connected to the module pin 2 terminal is positive, and the capacitor C10 is connected to the diode D10 positive terminal is negative; The voltage induced at the head end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T connected to the pin 4 is a negative voltage, and the voltage induced at the terminal end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T is positive voltage, relative to the diode D10 And the transistor BG5 emitter junction are reverse voltage, so the current can not be reversed by the module pin 2 → resistor R8 → resistor R9 → diode D10 - transistor BG5 emission junction an electrolytic capacitor C8 and module pin 4 against the electrolytic capacitor C8 Charging or discharging; Because the operating frequency of the bridge inverter is relatively high, the resistance values of the resistors R12 and R13 are relatively large, which has little effect on the reverse charging and discharging process of the capacitor C10, which can be ignored; When the negative half cycle output of the inverter enters the positive half cycle output: the transistor BG2 is turned off, and the transistor BG1 cannot be turned on immediately under the action of the start preheating circuit. The device C5巳 starts to discharge, and its positive current passes through one end of the series resonant capacitor C5, and the other end of the lamp DG is a capacitor C4 (Note: Since the capacity of the capacitor C4 is small, a part of the current flows through the electrolytic capacitor C1 - the module pin 7 →Diode D12—module pin 2→magnetic saturation transformer T primary winding a)—magnetic saturation transformer T primary winding a—series resonant inductor L→capacitor C6—lamp DG end filament one end of series resonant capacitor C5; The tail end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T is induced to be a negative voltage. This negative voltage is applied to the base of the transistor BG2 via the resistor R6 to keep the transistor BG2 off; the tail of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T The terminal sense is negative, and the first end is induced as a positive voltage; this positive voltage is applied to the base of the transistor BG1 via the resistor R4, and is applied to the BG5 base of the triode through the pin 4 of the multi-function module - the electrolytic capacitor C8 → the resistor R14 Extremely, the transistor BG5 is turned on; at the same time, the electrolytic capacitor C8 is charged. Due to the large capacity selected by the electrolytic capacitor C8 and the current limiting action of the resistor R14, only a small amount of electricity can be charged in each positive half cycle. And because capacitor C10 is charged during the first negative half cycle of the half-bridge inverter; capacitor C10 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D10 to be negatively charged, this voltage of capacitor C10 and the tail of secondary winding b of magnetic saturation transformer T The terminal induction is a negative electric phase superposition; for the base of the PNP type triode BG3, it is a forward current. When the triode BG5 is turned on, this negative voltage is applied to the base of the triode BG3 via the resistor R11 and the capacitor C7, so that the triode BG3 is guided. The transistor BG3 is turned on to make the voltage between the module pin 2 and the module pin 3 close to 0 volts, which is equivalent to the voltage between the base and the emitter of the transistor BG1 is equal to 0 volt, forcing the transistor BG1 in the half bridge inverter When the capacitor C10 is discharged, the base of the PNP transistor BG3 loses the negative voltage and is turned off. At this time, the positive voltage induced at the head end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T can be normal. The resistor R4 is applied to the base of the transistor BG1 to make the conduction of the transistor BG1 relatively delayed (appropriate selection of the capacity of the capacitor C10, which can change the positive half-cycle of the bridge inverter in the bridge inverter BG1 Since the time during which the transistor BG1 is turned on in the positive half cycle is relatively shortened, the output power of the entire bridge inverter is relatively reduced, and the appropriate selection of the starting power does not have an impact on the filament of the lamp but instead It can play the role of preheating; when the electronic inverter is started, the bridge inverter charges the capacitor C10 every negative half cycle output, and discharges in the appropriate time during each positive half cycle output, electrolysis Capacitor C8 is charged every positive half cycle, and does not discharge during negative half cycle. When the voltage charged by electrolytic capacitor C8 is equal to the positive voltage induced at the head end of secondary winding b of magnetic saturation transformer T, electrolytic capacitor C8 The charging current will not be generated again, so that the triode BG5 and the triode BG3 are no longer turned on. At this time, the electronic ballast starts the preheating process, and the bridge inverter enters the normal output working state; the capacitor C7 accelerates in the circuit. Function, capacitor C9 acts as a high-frequency voltage bypass in the circuit; when the illumination is turned off and the AC power is turned off, the positive voltage charged by the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C8 passes through the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T—module pin 2 →Resistors R8, R9→Resistors R12→Resistors R13→Resistors R14 are discharged to the negative pole of electrolytic capacitor C8. The entire discharge time is about ten seconds. During this time, if the lamp is re-lighted, although it starts up The preheating circuit cannot fully exert its function of starting the preheating process, but since the temperature of the lamp tube and the filament is not completely cooled, the service life of the lamp tube is Big impact.
所述过流、 短路保护电路: 由可控硅 QT、 二极管 Dl l、 电阻器 R15〜R16、 电解电容器 The overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit: by thyristor QT, diode Dl l, resistor R15~R16, electrolytic capacitor
C11和发光二极管 DL组成; 当桥式逆变器工作在正常状态时, 在电阻 R7两端会产生一个直 流电压, 这个直流电压经电解电容器 C3滤波后经模块 MK的第 2脚, 再经电阻器 R16和电 解电容器 C10滤波后加在可控硅的控制极上; 适当选择电阻器 R7的阻值, 使其产生的电压 值适当低于可控硅 QT控制极的触发电压, 使可控硅处于截止状态; 由于电阻器 R15的一端 经模块引脚 1与整流滤波电路中的结点 A正电相连接, 电阻器 R15另一端与发光二极管 DL 负极相连接, 发光二极管的正极与可控硅的阳极和二极管 D11的正极相连接, 使二极管 D11 正极的电压约等于整流滤波电路中的结点 A正电压; 由于二极管 D11的负极一直是小于或者 等于结点 A的正电压, 所以二极管 D11也一直保持截止状态; 由于可控硅 QT和二极管 D11 都处于截止状态, 所以发光二极管 DL无电流通过而不发光; 当串联谐振输出电路的负载功 率明显增加或者短路时, 电阻 R7的直流电压降会同时升高, 当电阻 R7两端的电压高于可控 硅 QT控制极的触发电压时, 会经电阻 R16使可控硅 QT导通; 当可控硅 QT导通后其阳极 电压相对于模块引脚 7和整流滤波电路中的结点 B电压约等于 0伏,使二极管 D11正向导通, 使引脚 5的电压与引脚 7的电压也接近于 0伏; 由前面所述防共导电路的作用, 桥式逆变器 的三极管 BG1立刻截止, 使整个桥式逆变器工作完全停止起到了保护作用; 当桥式逆变器停 止输出后, 电阻 R3两端没有电流通过电压降约等于 0伏, 又由于通过电阻器 Rl、 R2流经二 极管 D11和可控硅 QT的电流非常小, 有可能使可控硅 QT退出导通状态; 为了防止可控硅 QT退出导通状态而使桥式逆变器再次启动而损坏,由整流滤波电路结点 A的正电经电阻 R15 和发光二极管 DL, 为可控硅 QT提供一个维持电流, 使可控硅 QT保持稳定的导通状态, 同 时发光二极管 DL发光, 提示消费者本电子镇流器巳进入保护状态; 如果在保护状态下断开 电源后,整流滤波电路中的电解电容器 C1所储存的电量逐渐降低的同时, 可控硅 QT的维持
说 明 书 电流也在逐渐减小, 当可控硅 QT的维持电流小于一定值时就会退出导通状态而截止, 使本 模块过流、 短路保护电路恢复到电子镇流器正常工作状态; 以上全过程能有效的保护本电子 镇流器在输出端有过流和短路情况下不会被损坏。 C11 and LED DL; When the bridge inverter works in normal state, a DC voltage will be generated across the resistor R7. This DC voltage is filtered by the electrolytic capacitor C3 and then passed through the second leg of the module MK. R16 and electrolytic capacitor C10 are filtered and applied to the control electrode of the thyristor; the resistance value of the resistor R7 is appropriately selected so that the voltage value generated is appropriately lower than the trigger voltage of the thyristor QT control electrode, so that the thyristor In the off state; since one end of the resistor R15 is positively connected to the node A in the rectifying and filtering circuit via the module pin 1, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the negative electrode of the LED DL, the positive electrode of the LED and the thyristor The anode is connected to the anode of the diode D11 such that the voltage of the anode of the diode D11 is approximately equal to the positive voltage of the node A in the rectifier filter circuit; since the cathode of the diode D11 is always less than or equal to the positive voltage of the node A, the diode D11 is also Keeping the off state all the time; since the thyristor QT and the diode D11 are both in the off state, the light emitting diode DL has no current to pass without emitting light; When the load power of the output circuit increases significantly or short circuit, the DC voltage drop of the resistor R7 will increase at the same time. When the voltage across the resistor R7 is higher than the trigger voltage of the thyristor QT control electrode, the thyristor QT will be made via the resistor R16. When the thyristor QT is turned on, its anode voltage is equal to 0 volts relative to the module pin 7 and the junction B voltage in the rectifying and filtering circuit, so that the diode D11 is forward-conducting, so that the voltage of the pin 5 and the lead The voltage of the foot 7 is also close to 0 volts; by the action of the anti-communication circuit described above, the transistor BG1 of the bridge inverter is immediately cut off, so that the entire bridge inverter works completely to stop the protection; After the converter stops outputting, there is no current passing across the resistor R3 and the voltage drop is equal to 0 volts. Since the current flowing through the resistors R1 and R2 through the diode D11 and the thyristor QT is very small, it is possible to cause the thyristor QT to exit. Inductive state; In order to prevent the thyristor QT from exiting the conduction state and causing the bridge inverter to start again and be damaged, the positive voltage of the node A of the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected to the light-emitting diode DL to provide the thyristor QT. One maintains electricity The flow causes the thyristor QT to maintain a stable conduction state, and the light-emitting diode DL emits light, prompting the consumer to enter the protection state of the electronic ballast ;; if the power supply is disconnected under the protection state, the electrolytic capacitor in the rectification and filtering circuit While the amount of electricity stored in C1 is gradually decreasing, the maintenance of thyristor QT The current of the specification is also gradually reduced. When the holding current of the thyristor QT is less than a certain value, it will exit the conduction state and be cut off, so that the overcurrent and short circuit protection circuits of the module are restored to the normal working state of the electronic ballast; The process can effectively protect the electronic ballast from being damaged when there is overcurrent or short circuit at the output.
具体实施例: Specific embodiment:
所述附图 2和附图 3也是实施例实际电路原理图; 按附图 2和附图 3的电路原理图的电 子元件连接关系和适当选择每一个电子元件的电性能参数, 即可生产出不同功率的日光灯和 节能灯电子镇流器。 2 and FIG. 3 are also actual circuit schematic diagrams of the embodiment; the electronic component connection relationship according to the circuit schematic diagram of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 and the appropriate selection of the electrical performance parameters of each electronic component can be produced. Different power fluorescent lamps and energy-saving lamp electronic ballasts.
所述多功能模块 MK (附图 3)可用分立元件和附图 2所示元件做在一块电路板上, 也可把 多功能模块 MK部分做成厚膜电路和集成电路以后, 再和附图 2所示元件做在一块电路板上, 会使本发明电子镇流器的体积明显减小, 性能更可靠。 The multi-function module MK (Fig. 3) can be formed on a circuit board by using the discrete components and the components shown in Fig. 2, or the multi-function module MK can be made into a thick film circuit and an integrated circuit, and then the drawing. The components shown in Fig. 2 are fabricated on a circuit board, which significantly reduces the volume of the electronic ballast of the present invention and provides more reliable performance.
所述桥式逆变器的功率输出管 BG1、 BG2可用双极晶体管,也可用场效应晶体管 (M0SFET) 和绝缘栅双极晶体管 (IGBT ) 代替。 The power output tubes BG1 and BG2 of the bridge inverter can be replaced by bipolar transistors or field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).
所述多功能模块 MK可广泛应用在具有桥式逆变器输出电路的电子产品上。
The multi-function module MK can be widely applied to electronic products having a bridge inverter output circuit.
Claims
1 . 一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器: 一种基于 "磁饱自激桥式逆变器" 电路结构的电子 镇流器, 包括三极管、 可控硅、 二极管、 电阻器、 电容器、 电解电容器、 变压器和电感器所 组成, 其特征在于: 由防共导电路、 启动预热电路、 过流和短路保护电路组成的多功能模块 电路 MK, 连接在整流滤波电路的正电源结点 A、 负电源结点 B和磁饱自激桥式逆变器的两 只功率管的上下桥路之间。 1 . An electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps and energy-saving lamps: an electronic ballast based on a circuit structure of a magnetic saturation self-excited bridge inverter, comprising a triode, a thyristor, a diode, a resistor, a capacitor, and an electrolysis The capacitor, the transformer and the inductor are composed of: a multi-function module circuit MK consisting of an anti-co-transmission circuit, a start preheating circuit, an overcurrent and a short circuit protection circuit, and a positive power supply node A and a negative connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit The power node B and the upper and lower bridges of the two power tubes of the magnetic saturation bridge inverter.
所述多功能模块电路 MK: 包括防共导电路、 启动预热电路和过流、 短路保护电路所组 成, 根据电路连接关系模块 MK暂设 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6、 7共计 7个引脚。 The multi-function module circuit MK includes an anti-co-transmission circuit, a start preheating circuit, and an overcurrent and short-circuit protection circuit. According to the circuit connection relationship module MK, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are temporarily set. Pins.
所述多功能模块电路 MK的引脚 1与所述整流滤波电路中的结点 A正电、 三极管 BG1 的集电极、 电容器 C4的另一端、灯管 DG的一端的灯丝的另一端相连接; 所述多功能模块电 路 MK的引脚 2与二极管 D5的正极、 电阻器 R2的另一端、 电阻器 R3的另一端、二极管 D6 的负极、电容器 C4的另一端、磁饱变压器的初级绕组 a的首端和磁饱变压器的次级 b的尾端 相连接;所述多功能模块电路 MK的引脚 3与桥式逆变器电路的三极管 BG1的基极、二极管 D6的正极、 电阻器 R4的一端相连接; 所述多功能模块电路 MK的引脚 4与桥式逆变器电路 中的电阻器 R4的另一端和磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 b的首端相连接; 所述多功能模块电路 MK的引脚 5与半桥式逆变器电路中的三极管 BG2的集电极相连接。 所述多功能模块电路 MK的引脚 6与电解电容器 C3的正极、 电阻器 R7的另一端、 电阻器 R5的另一端、 二极管 D7的正极和磁饱变压器 T的次级绕组 c的尾端相连接; 所述多功能模块电路 MK的引脚 7 与电阻器 R7的一端、 电解电容器 C3的负极和整流滤波电路中的结点 B负电相连接。 The pin 1 of the multi-function module circuit MK is connected to the node A of the rectifier filter circuit, the collector of the transistor BG1, the other end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the filament of one end of the lamp DG; The pin 2 of the multi-function module circuit MK is opposite to the anode of the diode D5, the other end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D6, the other end of the capacitor C4, and the primary winding a of the magnetic saturation transformer. The head end is connected to the tail end of the secondary b of the magnetic saturation transformer; the pin 3 of the multi-function module circuit MK and the base of the transistor BG1 of the bridge inverter circuit, the anode of the diode D6, and the resistor R4 One end is connected; the pin 4 of the multi-function module circuit MK is connected to the other end of the resistor R4 in the bridge inverter circuit and the head end of the secondary winding b of the magnetic saturation transformer T; The pin 5 of the module circuit MK is connected to the collector of the transistor BG2 in the half bridge inverter circuit. The pin 6 of the multi-function module circuit MK is opposite to the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R5, the anode of the diode D7, and the tail end of the secondary winding c of the magnetic saturation transformer T. The pin 7 of the multi-function module circuit MK is connected to one end of the resistor R7, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C3, and the node B in the rectifying and filtering circuit.
所述防共导电路由三极管 BG3、 BG4、 二极管 D8、 D9、 电阻器 R8、 R9、 R10、 Rl l、 电容器 C7组成。 The anti-co-transmission routing transistors BG3, BG4, diodes D8, D9, resistors R8, R9, R10, Rl l, and capacitor C7 are formed.
所述三极管 BG3的发射极与电阻器 R10的一端和本多功能模块电路 MK引脚 3相连接 (注: 三极管 BG3是 PNP型晶体三极管, 其余均为 NPN型晶体三极管), 三极管 BG3的基 极与电阻器 R10的另一端、 电阻器 R11的一端和电容器 C7的一端相连接, 三极管 BG3的集 电极与电阻器 R8的一端、 二极管 D8的负极、 二极管 D12的正极、 电容器 C10的一端和本 多功能模块电路 MK引脚 2相连接。 The emitter of the transistor BG3 is connected to one end of the resistor R10 and the pin 3 of the multi-function module circuit MK (Note: the transistor BG3 is a PNP type transistor, and the rest are NPN type transistors), and the base of the transistor BG3 Connected to the other end of the resistor R10, one end of the resistor R11, and one end of the capacitor C7, the collector of the transistor BG3 and one end of the resistor R8, the cathode of the diode D8, the anode of the diode D12, the end of the capacitor C10, and the end of the capacitor C10 The function module circuit MK pin 2 is connected.
所述三极管 BG4的集电极与电容器 C7另一端和电阻器 R11 的另一端相连接, 三极管 BG4的基极与电阻器 R8的另一端和电阻器的 R9的一端相连接, 三极管 BG4的发射极与电 阻 R9的另一端、 二极管 D9的正极、 二极管 D11的负极、 二极管 D10的正极、 电阻器 R12 的一端和本多功能模块电路 MK引脚 5相连接。所述二极管 D8的正极与二极管 D9的负极相 连接。 The collector of the transistor BG4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the resistor R11, the base of the transistor BG4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R8 and the end of the resistor R9, and the emitter of the transistor BG4 is The other end of the resistor R9, the anode of the diode D9, the cathode of the diode D11, the anode of the diode D10, and one end of the resistor R12 are connected to the multi-function module circuit MK pin 5. The anode of the diode D8 is connected to the cathode of the diode D9.
所述启动预热电路: 由三极管 BG5、 二极管 D10、 电阻器 R12、 R13、 R、 14、 电解电容 器 C8、 电容器 C9、 C10和所述防共导电路里的电阻器 R10、 Rll、 电容器 C7和三极管 BG3 组成。 The start preheating circuit: a transistor BG5, a diode D10, resistors R12, R13, R, 14, an electrolytic capacitor C8, capacitors C9, C10, and resistors R10, R11, a capacitor C7 and a triode in the anti-coherence circuit BG3 composition.
所述电解电容器 C8的正极与本多功能模块电路 MK引脚 4相连接,电解电容器 C8的负
权 利 要 求 书 The anode of the electrolytic capacitor C8 is connected to the pin 4 of the multi-function module circuit MK, and the negative of the electrolytic capacitor C8 Claim
极与电阻器 R14的一端相连接, 电阻器 R14的另一端与三极管 BG5的基极、 电阻器 R13的 一端和电容器 C9的一端相连接。 The pole is connected to one end of the resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the base of the transistor BG5, one end of the resistor R13, and one end of the capacitor C9.
所述三极管 BG5的发射极与二极管 D10的负极、 电阻器 R12的另一端、 电阻器 R13的 另一端、 电容器 C9的另一端和电容器 C10的另一端相连接。 The emitter of the transistor BG5 is connected to the cathode of the diode D10, the other end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R13, the other end of the capacitor C9, and the other end of the capacitor C10.
所述过流、 短路保护电路: 由可控硅 QT、 二极管 Dl l、 电阻器 R15、 R16、 电解电容器 The overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit: by thyristor QT, diode Dl l, resistor R15, R16, electrolytic capacitor
Cll、 发光二极管 DL和所述防共导电路共同组成。 C11, the light emitting diode DL and the anti-common circuit are combined.
所述电阻器 R16的一端与本多功能模块电路 MK引脚 6相连接,电阻器 R16的另一端与 电解电容器 C11的正极和可控硅 QT的触发极相连接, 电解电容器 C11的负极与可控硅 QT 的阴极、 二极管 D12的负极和本多功能模块电路 MK引脚 7相连接。 One end of the resistor R16 is connected to the pin 6 of the multi-function module circuit MK, and the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C11 and the trigger pole of the thyristor QT, and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C11 is The cathode of the silicon controlled QT, the cathode of the diode D12 and the MK pin 7 of the multifunction module circuit are connected.
所述可控硅 QT的阳极与二极管 D11的正极和发光二极管 DL的正极相连接, 发光二极 管 DL的负极与电阻器 R15的一端相连接, 电阻器的 R15的另一端与本多功能模块电路 MK 引脚 1相连接。 The anode of the thyristor QT is connected to the anode of the diode D11 and the anode of the LED DL, the cathode of the LED DL is connected to one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the multifunction module circuit MK. Pin 1 is connected.
2. 按照权利要求 1一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器, 其特征在于: 所述桥式逆变器为自 激、 它激的半桥式或全桥逆式变器。 2. A fluorescent lamp and an energy-saving lamp electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein: said bridge inverter is a self-excited, excited half-bridge or full-bridge reverse transformer.
3. 按照权利要求 1所述一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器, 其特征在于: 所述功率管可为 双极型晶体管、 场效应晶体管 (MOSFET)和绝缘栅双极晶体管 (IGBT)。 3. A fluorescent lamp and an energy-saving lamp electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein: said power tube is a bipolar transistor, a field effect transistor (MOSFET), and an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).
4. 按照权利要求 1所述一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器, 其特征在于: 所述多功能模块 电路 MK的防共导电路、 启动预热电路和过流、 短路保护电路。 4. The electronic ballast for a fluorescent lamp and an energy-saving lamp according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-co-transmission circuit of the multi-function module circuit MK, the start preheating circuit, and the overcurrent and short circuit protection circuit.
5. 按照权利要求 1所述一种日光灯和节能灯电子镇流器, 其特征在于: 所述多功能模块 电路 MK电路可为分立元件电路、 厚膜电路或集成电路。
5. A fluorescent lamp and an energy-saving lamp electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein: said multi-function module circuit MK circuit can be a discrete component circuit, a thick film circuit or an integrated circuit.
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CN105050303A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-11 | 江西开昂科技股份有限公司 | Direct-current fluorescent lamp tube circuit with protective function |
CN107666751A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-02-06 | 赵志 | A kind of signaling switch control circuit of low pressure mercury lamp preheating start-up type electric ballast |
CN107666751B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2023-11-24 | 北京东方百士电子有限公司 | Signal switch control circuit of low-voltage mercury lamp preheating starting type electronic ballast |
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