WO2010109798A1 - ガス化システム及びガス化方法 - Google Patents
ガス化システム及びガス化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010109798A1 WO2010109798A1 PCT/JP2010/001799 JP2010001799W WO2010109798A1 WO 2010109798 A1 WO2010109798 A1 WO 2010109798A1 JP 2010001799 W JP2010001799 W JP 2010001799W WO 2010109798 A1 WO2010109798 A1 WO 2010109798A1
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- coal
- gasification
- biomass
- crude vinegar
- powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
- C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0909—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0926—Slurries comprising bio-oil or bio-coke, i.e. charcoal, obtained, e.g. by fast pyrolysis of biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/094—Char
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0983—Additives
- C10J2300/0986—Catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gasification system and a gasification method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a gasification system and a gasification method suitable for gasifying by using coal and biomass together.
- coal gasification technology using coal is a typical example of a high efficiency and low environmental impact energy conversion system for coal.
- coal gasification combined power generation is expected to be put into practical use as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly power generation system, and various technologies are being developed.
- the present invention can reduce carbon dioxide emission by effectively using biomass while suppressing the cost for gasification, and also enhances gasification reactivity compared with the case of gasification with coal alone. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gasification system and a gasification method capable of performing the above.
- Another object of the present invention is to produce a gasified fuel that has a gasification reactivity superior to that of coal and can reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
- the inventors of the present application have made extensive studies and pulverized coal in an existing coal gasification system to pulverize coal into coal powder such as coarse coal and pulverized coal, etc.
- the plant-derived biomass raw material is fibrous, it could not be sufficiently pulverized, and there was concern that unreacted components would be generated when it was used in a coal gasification furnace.
- the inventors of the present application conducted further studies. As a result, by carbonizing plant-derived biomass raw material into biomass carbide, it is possible to break down the fiber and improve grindability, and by using a coal grinding device such as a mill in an existing coal gasification system It was found that it can be sufficiently finely divided. In addition, by mixing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder and reacting with the gasifying agent, the gasification reactivity is improved as compared with the case where the coal powder alone is reacted with the gasifying agent. I found out that I can do it.
- the inventors of the present invention made the crude vinegar liquid obtained when carbonizing a plant-derived biomass material mixed with coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder powder, and then reacted with a gasifying agent. As a result, it was found that the gasification reactivity is improved as compared with the case where coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder are mixed and reacted with a gasifying agent.
- the gasification system of the present invention includes a coal pulverization apparatus that pulverizes coal to obtain coal powder, a coal gasification furnace that reacts the coal powder with a gasifying agent to generate combustible gas, and a coal pulverization apparatus.
- a gasification system comprising at least a coal powder supply device for supplying the obtained coal powder to a coal gasification furnace, comprising a biomass carbide supply device for supplying biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material to a coal pulverizer It is supposed to be.
- the gasification system of the present invention further includes a crude vinegar solution supply device that supplies a crude vinegar solution obtained when carbonizing a biomass material derived from a plant to a coal pulverizer.
- a carbonization treatment device that carbonizes a plant-derived biomass raw material, and a biomass raw material by cooling volatile matter generated in the carbonization treatment device
- a crude vinegar liquid recovery device for recovering the crude vinegar liquid derived from the biomass, and the biomass carbide produced by the carbonization processing device is supplied to the coal pulverizer by the biomass carbide supply device and the crude vinegar liquid recovery device collects the crude It is preferable that the vinegar is supplied to the coal pulverizer by the crude vinegar supply device.
- a carbonization treatment device and a crude vinegar solution recovery device when a carbonization treatment device and a crude vinegar solution recovery device are provided, light gas that is not recovered by the crude vinegar solution recovery device among the volatile matter generated in the carbonization treatment device is coal gasified. It is preferable to further include a light gas supply device that supplies the furnace.
- a bio-oil recovery device that separates and recovers bio-oil from the volatile matter generated in the carbonization processing device, and a bio-oil supply device that supplies the bio-oil recovered by the bio-oil recovery device to the coal gasifier Preferably.
- a crude vinegar solution supply device when a crude vinegar solution supply device is provided, it is preferable to further include a gasification catalyst supply device that supplies the gasification catalyst-containing material to the coal pulverization device.
- the crude vinegar solution supply device may be provided in place of the biomass carbide supply device.
- a gasification fuel obtained by mixing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material is reacted with a gasifying agent.
- a gasifying agent obtained by mixing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material.
- gasification fuel obtained by mixing crude vinegar obtained when carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material is gasified It is preferable to react with an agent to produce a combustible gas.
- gasification fuel obtained by mixing a gasification catalyst-containing substance is further reacted with a gasifying agent to make it combustible. It is preferable to generate gas.
- the method for producing gasified fuel of the present invention includes a mixing step of mixing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material.
- a crude vinegar solution obtained when carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material is mixed. It is preferable.
- the mixing step it is preferable to further mix a gasification catalyst-containing substance in addition to the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder and the crude vinegar.
- a coal pulverizer for pulverizing coal to obtain coal powder can be mixed while pulverizing biomass carbide whose pulverizability is improved by carbonization with coal, Gasified fuel obtained by mixing coal powder and biomass carbide powder can be supplied to the coal gasifier. Therefore, the gasification reactivity can be increased as compared with the case where only the coal powder is supplied to the coal gasification furnace and reacted with the gasifying agent, and the gasification efficiency of the entire system can be improved. In addition, since carbonized carbonaceous biomass derived from plants is used, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.
- the gasification system of Claim 2 it mixes, while pulverizing the biomass carbide
- the crude vinegar can be mixed, and the gasified fuel obtained by mixing the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder and the crude vinegar can be supplied to the coal gasifier. Therefore, the gasification reactivity can be further increased as compared with the case where only coal powder is supplied to the coal gasification furnace and reacted with the gasifying agent, and the gasification efficiency of the entire system can be further improved.
- the crude vinegar liquid collect
- the components generated from the biomass raw material are used more efficiently. be able to.
- the gasification catalyst supply device for supplying the gasification catalyst-containing material to the coal pulverization apparatus since the gasification catalyst supply device for supplying the gasification catalyst-containing material to the coal pulverization apparatus is further provided, the gasification catalyst component contained in the gasification catalyst-containing material Is dissolved in the crude vinegar solution, and this gasification catalyst component is uniformly dispersed and supported on the surfaces of the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder. Therefore, the gasification reactivity of the gasified fuel can be further improved, and the gasification efficiency of the entire system can be further improved.
- the crude vinegar can be mixed while pulverizing the coal by the coal pulverizer for pulverizing the coal to obtain the coal powder.
- the crude vinegar liquid obtained from a biomass raw material derived from a plant is utilized, it becomes possible to aim at reduction of carbon dioxide discharge.
- gasified fuel obtained by mixing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass material is gasified. Since it is made to react with an agent, gasification reactivity can be improved rather than the case where only coal powder is made to react with a gasifier. In addition, since carbonized carbonaceous biomass derived from plants is used, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.
- gasification method when carbonizing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal, biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass material, and plant-derived biomass material. Since it is made to react with the gasifying agent obtained by mixing the crude vinegar liquid obtained by this, gasification reactivity can be improved rather than the case where coal powder and biomass carbide powder are mixed. And since not only the carbide
- the gasification catalyst-containing substance is further mixed in addition to the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder, and the crude vinegar solution, the gasification catalyst is added to the crude vinegar solution.
- the gasification catalyst component contained in the contained material dissolves, and the gasification catalyst component is uniformly dispersed and supported on the surfaces of the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder. Accordingly, it is possible to further improve the gasification reactivity of the gasified fuel and further improve the gasification efficiency.
- the method includes a step of mixing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material. Therefore, a gasified fuel having higher reactivity with the gasifying agent than coal powder can be obtained. In addition, since this gasified fuel is blended with a carbide derived from a plant-derived biomass material, it is possible to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
- coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass material, and carbonizing plant-derived biomass material. Since it includes the step of mixing the crude vinegar obtained at the time of processing, a gasified fuel having a higher reactivity with the gasifying agent than a mixture of coal powder and biomass carbide powder is obtained. And since this gasification fuel uses not only the carbide
- the gasification catalyst component contained in the gasification catalyst-containing material is dissolved in the crude vinegar, and the gasification catalyst component is the surface of the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder. Are uniformly dispersed and supported. Therefore, the gasification reactivity of the gasified fuel can be further improved.
- a gasification fuel obtained by mixing coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal and biomass carbide powder obtained by pulverizing biomass carbide obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material with a gasifying agent is allowed to react. Gas is generated.
- gasification reactivity can be improved as compared with the case where the coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal alone is reacted with the gasifying agent.
- the gasifying agent for example, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, air, carbon dioxide, water vapor, or the like can be used.
- the gasification method of the present invention further carbonizes the plant-derived biomass material.
- the combustible gas is produced by reacting the gasified fuel obtained by mixing the crude vinegar obtained at the time with a gasifying agent.
- coal used in the present invention general coal used for coal gasification, such as bituminous coal and subbituminous coal, can be used.
- particle size of coal powder it selects suitably according to the coal supply system of a coal gasifier.
- so-called pulverized coal having a particle size of about 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m is selected when a spouted bed type gasifier is used, and so-called pulverized coal having a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm when a fluidized bed type gasifier is used.
- Coarse coal is selected.
- biomass carbide used in the present invention one obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material or one already carbonized can be used. By carbonizing the plant-derived biomass material, the fiber of the plant-derived biomass material is destroyed. As a result, biomass charcoal has extremely good grindability compared to plant-derived biomass raw materials.
- the particle size of the biomass carbide powder is preferably set to such an extent that no unreacted component is produced when the biomass carbide powder is reacted with the gasifying agent, that is, the same particle size as that of the coal powder.
- the biomass carbide powder having this particle size can be easily obtained by pulverization using a coal pulverizer such as a mill generally used in the field of coal gasification. However, the pulverization may be performed by using a device other than a coal pulverizer such as a mill generally used in the field of coal gasification.
- the biomass raw material derived from the plant as the raw material of the biomass carbide used in the present invention includes a biomass raw material containing sodium, potassium, calcium, etc., which are elements functioning as a gasification catalyst, as an ash component, such as a woody biomass raw material.
- a biomass raw material containing sodium, potassium, calcium, etc. which are elements functioning as a gasification catalyst, as an ash component, such as a woody biomass raw material.
- a woody biomass raw material for example, cedar chips, cedar bark, etc.
- herbaceous biomass raw materials for example, bamboo, rice husk, sugar cane, rice straw, tea bowl, etc.
- plant residues for example, fruit peel, coffee roasted rice cake, etc.
- the mixing ratio of coal powder and biomass carbide powder can be appropriately changed according to the supply balance of coal and plant-derived biomass raw material, and is not particularly limited.
- the pulverization property is enhanced by making the plant-derived biomass raw material a carbide, fine pulverization is easy, and even if the mixing ratio of the biomass raw material to coal is increased, unreacted components are generated. It is also difficult to increase the mixing ratio of biomass raw materials. That is, by using the biomass raw material in the form of carbides, it is possible to easily increase the mixing ratio of biomass to coal, and the use of biomass can be expanded.
- the crude vinegar used in the present invention is an acidic water-soluble liquid recovered by cooling the volatile matter generated when carbonizing a plant biomass raw material.
- a specific method for producing the crude vinegar is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-179802 as its “acidic biomass water-soluble liquid”, and a detailed description thereof is omitted. It can be recovered by cooling and condensing the volatile matter generated when carbonizing at least one of the biomass biomass material, the herbaceous biomass material and the plant-derived food residue.
- water-soluble by-products such as vinegars recovered in the manufacturing process of charcoal and bio-oil can also be used as the crude vinegar in the present invention.
- Coal pulverized coal powder and biomass carbide powder are mixed with crude vinegar to further add calcium, which is an ash component of coal, and sodium, potassium, and calcium, which are ash components of biomass carbide, to crude vinegar. It dissolves in the liquid, and these are uniformly dispersed and supported on the surface of the coal powder and biomass carbide to exhibit catalytic activity.
- the gasification reactivity is improved as compared with the case where the coal powder alone is reacted with the gasification agent, and the gasification fuel obtained by mixing the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder is used as the gasification agent. It is possible to improve the gasification reactivity as compared with the case of reacting with.
- the use of crude vinegar obtained when carbonizing plant-derived biomass materials is used to further expand the use of biomass materials.
- the supply form to the coal gasification furnace of gasification fuel according to the coal supply system of a coal gasification furnace.
- the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder, and the crude vinegar solution are mixed and then dried.
- the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder, and the crude vinegar solution may be mixed and dried, or may be made into a slurry by further adding water.
- the crude vinegar liquid recovered when carbonizing the biomass material derived from plants is usually a water-soluble liquid having a pH of 2 to 3, but as long as it exhibits acidity, the ash component of coal or the ash component of biomass carbide is used. The effect of melting is exerted. Therefore, the crude vinegar solution may be appropriately diluted with water as long as the wettability with respect to the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder can be sufficiently secured.
- biomass carbide powder obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass material obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived biomass material
- crude vinegar obtained when carbonizing a plant-derived biomass material further a gasification catalyst
- the contained substances may be mixed.
- gasification catalyst components further contained in the gasification catalyst-containing material
- the amount of catalyst supported on the surface of the coal powder and biomass carbide powder can be increased, and the gasification reactivity can be further improved.
- coal ash in particular, coal ash recovered after reacting coal carrying the gasification catalyst, recovered after reacting in a fluidized bed or fixed bed gasification furnace.
- examples include, but are not limited to, biomass ash obtained by incineration of ash and biomass raw materials, and fluxes such as limestone used to lower the melting point of the ash component.
- the gasification system 1 includes a coal pulverizer 2 that pulverizes coal 31 to obtain coal powder, a coal gasifier 3 that reacts the coal powder with a gasifying agent 36 to generate a combustible gas, and a coal pulverizer.
- the carbonization processing apparatus 5 which carbonizes the biomass raw material 32 derived from a plant, and the carbonization processing apparatus 5
- a crude vinegar liquid recovery device 6 that cools the generated volatile matter 34 and recovers a crude vinegar liquid derived from the biomass raw material 32
- a biomass carbide supply device that supplies biomass carbide produced by the carbonization treatment device 5 to the coal crusher 2.
- 7 and a crude vinegar solution supply device 8 for supplying the crude vinegar solution recovered by the crude vinegar solution recovery device 6 to the coal pulverization device 2.
- the light gas supply apparatus 10 which supplies the light gas which is not collect
- a bio-oil recovery device 11 that separates and recovers bio-oil from volatile matter generated in the carbonization treatment device 5;
- a bio-oil supply device 13 that supplies the bio-oil recovered by the bio-oil recovery device 11 to the coal gasification furnace 3;
- a gas-liquid separation device 20 is provided as a device for separating the crude vinegar solution, bio-oil and light gas from the volatile matter generated in the carbonization treatment device 5.
- the gas-liquid separator 20 includes a crude vinegar liquid recovery device 6 and a bio-oil recovery device 11, and light gas components that are not recovered by these are supplied to the coal gasification furnace 3 by the light gas supply device 10. It is supposed to be.
- symbol 37 is the slag or ash discharged
- symbol 38 is the produced gas, char, or ash discharged
- FIG. 1 the code
- symbol 37 is the slag or ash discharged
- symbol 38 is the produced gas, char, or ash discharged
- coal pulverization apparatus 2 in the gasification system 1 of the present embodiment general coal (for example, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, etc.) used for coal gasification is pulverized, and is coarsened according to the method of the coal gasifier.
- a coal pulverizer, such as a mill, that is usually used in an existing coal gasification system that can obtain coal powder such as pulverized coal or pulverized coal can be used.
- the coal powder obtained by pulverizing coal is made to react with a gasifying agent (for example, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, air, carbon dioxide, water vapor, etc.) and combustible.
- a gasifying agent for example, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, air, carbon dioxide, water vapor, etc.
- generates property gas can be employ
- known or new various types of coal gasification furnaces such as a fixed bed system, a fluidized bed system, a spouted bed system, and a pressurized entrained bed system can be appropriately employed.
- a coal powder supply device 4 in the gasification system 1 of the present embodiment a coal powder supply device that is usually used in an existing coal gasification system, such as a lock hopper device or a slurry pump, can be used.
- the carbonization device 5 in the gasification system 1 of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a device that can generate crude vinegar or biomass carbide from a plant-derived biomass raw material.
- the biomass raw material can be heat-treated at a temperature substantially not containing oxygen, preferably an oxygen-free condition, at 300 ° C. or higher, preferably 300 ° C. to 500 ° C., more preferably about 400 ° C.
- a general drying apparatus, a carbonizer, etc. can be used.
- exhaust heat in the system for example, exhaust heat generated in the coal gasification furnace 3 may be used as a heat source for carbonization. By using the system exhaust heat, the gasification efficiency can be further improved.
- Biomass carbide produced by the carbonization treatment device 5 is supplied to the coal crushing device 2 by the biomass carbide supply device 7.
- the biomass carbide supply device 7 is, for example, a belt conveyor.
- the crude vinegar solution recovery device 6 cools the volatile matter 34 generated from the carbonization device 5 and recovers the crude vinegar solution.
- the volatile matter 34 generated from the carbonization apparatus 5 contains light gas that does not condense even when cooled.
- the volatile matter 34 contains bio oil.
- the bio-oil is separated from the volatile matter generated in the light gas supply device 10 that supplies the light gas to the coal gasification furnace 3 and the carbonization treatment device 5 in order to effectively use light gas and bio-oil. And a bio-oil recovery device 11 that recovers the bio-oil, and a bio-oil supply device 13 that supplies the bio-oil recovered by the bio-oil recovery device 11 to the coal gasification furnace 3.
- the gas-liquid separation device 20 separates and collects the crude vinegar solution, light gas, and bio-oil from the volatile matter 34 generated from the carbonization treatment device 5.
- an example of a method for separating the crude vinegar solution, light gas, and bio-oil using the gas-liquid separator 20 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the discharge from the pipe 21 of the carbonization apparatus 5 is introduced into the first container 22.
- the first container 22 is kept warm by a warming heater 23.
- the temperature of the heat retaining heater 23 is controlled by a thermocouple 24.
- the temperature at which heavy components such as bio oil and solids contained in the discharge from the carbonization apparatus 5 and solids can be captured and moisture evaporates for example, the temperature in the vicinity of the introduction portion of the pipe 25 is set to 100. Set to °C -110 °C.
- the bio-oil contained in the discharge from the pipe 21 of the carbonization apparatus is collected in the first container 22, and the gas component that has not been collected in the first container 22 is introduced into the pipe 25. That is, in the present embodiment, the first container 22, the heat retaining heater 23, and the thermocouple 24 function as the bio-oil recovery device 11.
- the bio-oil collected in the first container 22 is supplied to the coal gasifier 3 by the bio-oil supply device 13.
- the bio-oil supply device 13 is, for example, a pipe that connects the first container 22 of the bio-oil recovery apparatus 11 and the coal gasification furnace 3, and the bio-oil is supplied from the first container 22 to the coal gasification furnace 3 through this pipe.
- This is a pump for feeding liquid.
- Bio-oil obtained by thermally decomposing plant-derived biomass material at about 400 ° C. has fluidity and can be supplied by a pump.
- the bio-oil supply device 13 is not limited to this configuration.
- the pump may be omitted so that the bio-oil flows down in the pipe by gravity.
- the discharge from the pipe 25 is introduced into the second container 26.
- the pipe 25 is provided with a cooling device 27 (for example, a Liebig cooler), and gas components that have not been recovered in the first container 22 are aggregated and recovered.
- This aggregate is a crude vinegar solution.
- the cooling device 27 is not limited to the case where it is provided in the pipe 25.
- the crude vinegar solution may be recovered by cooling the second container 26 itself.
- the gas discharged from the pipe 25 can be recovered at 0 ° C. to room temperature, the discharge temperature from the pipe 25 may be recovered by lowering the cooling temperature below this temperature range.
- the second container 26 and the cooling device 27 function as the crude vinegar solution recovery device 6.
- the crude vinegar recovered in the second container 26 is supplied to the coal pulverizer 2 by the crude vinegar supply device 8.
- the crude vinegar liquid supply device 8 is, for example, a pipe connecting the second container 26 and the coal pulverizer 2 and a pump for feeding the crude vinegar liquid from the second container 26 to the coal pulverizer 2 via this pipe. It is.
- the crude vinegar solution supply device 8 is not limited to this configuration.
- the pump may be omitted so that the crude vinegar liquid flows down in the pipe due to gravity.
- the light gas that has not been collected in the second container 26 is supplied to the coal gasification furnace 3 by the light gas supply device 10 as gasified fuel.
- the light gas supply device 10 is, for example, a pipe for supplying light gas that has not been collected in the second container 26 to the coal gasification furnace 3, and a blower or the like may be used in some cases.
- the gas-liquid separation device 20 shown in FIG. 9 is an example of a device that separates and recovers volatile matter generated from the carbonization treatment device 5 into light gas, crude vinegar solution, and bio-oil. It is not limited. For example, only the first container 22 is provided, and the first container 22 is cooled to collect the crude vinegar solution together with the bio-oil, and then separated into a bio-oil phase and a crude vinegar liquid phase by a liquid-liquid extraction process or the like. May be recovered.
- the coal pulverization apparatus 2 the coal and the biomass carbide supplied by the biomass carbide supply apparatus 7 are mixed while being pulverized and the crude vinegar liquid supplied by the crude vinegar supply apparatus 8 is mixed. Mixed with these.
- the coal pulverization apparatus normally used in the existing coal gasification system is provided with an apparatus for supplying gasified fuel in a suitable form according to the coal supply system to the coal gasification furnace.
- a dry coal pulverizer equipped with a heating device such as a heater for drying and removing 5 to 20% of moisture contained in coal is used.
- a wet coal pulverizer equipped with a slurry generator for adding water to the coal powder to form a slurry is used. Therefore, in the coal pulverizing apparatus 2, the gasification fuel in which the catalyst components are uniformly dispersed and supported on the entire surface of the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder in the form suitable for the coal gasification method to the coal gasification furnace is obtained. It is supplied to the gasifier 3.
- coal pulverizer 2 When the coal pulverizer 2 is not provided with a heating device or a slurry generator, these devices are installed in the coal pulverizer itself or the coal powder supply device 4 so as to be supplied to the coal gasifier. What is necessary is just to obtain the gasification fuel of a suitable form according to a charcoal system.
- the gasification system according to the present embodiment further includes a gasification catalyst supply device 14 for supplying the gasification catalyst-containing material to the coal pulverization device 2. Accordingly, the gasification catalyst-containing substance is supplied to the coal pulverizer 2, the gasification catalyst component is dissolved in the crude vinegar, and is dispersed and supported on the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder, thereby improving the gasification reactivity.
- the gasification catalyst supply device 14 is, for example, a belt conveyor.
- a water supply device may be provided in order to dilute the crude vinegar solution collected by the crude vinegar solution collection device 6 with water.
- the container for example, the second container 26 in FIG. 9
- the water supply device may be used in combination with the gasification catalyst supply device 14.
- the gasification catalyst supply device 14 is a pipe and a liquid feed pump, and water is supplied to the coal pulverization device 2 by supplying the gasification catalyst to the coal pulverization device 2 while being dispersed in water. May be.
- the biomass carbide 41 and the crude vinegar liquid 40 are supplied independently without including the carbonization treatment device 5. Yes. That is, without using the carbonization apparatus 5 for carbonizing the biomass raw material 32 derived from the plant, the gasification reaction is achieved by using the biomass carbide 41 or the crude vinegar liquid 40 that is expected to be effectively used as a surplus. It is also possible to improve the property and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
- the crude vinegar solution supply device 6 is further omitted from the gasification system 1a in the second embodiment. That is, by using the biomass carbide 41 that is expected to be effectively used as a surplus without the carbonization treatment device 5 and the crude vinegar solution supply device 8 for carbonizing the plant-derived biomass raw material 32, It is also possible to improve gasification reactivity and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
- the above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder, and the crude vinegar liquid are mixed with the coal pulverizer 2, but the coal powder and the biomass carbide powder are separately obtained
- a gasified fuel may be obtained in advance by adding a crude vinegar and mixing and drying, or by slurrying. In this case, gasification can be performed by supplying gasified fuel directly to the coal powder supply device 4 (for example, a lock hopper device).
- the process of drying after mixing the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder and the crude vinegar liquid may be forced by a heating device or the like, but after mixing the coal powder, the biomass carbide powder and the crude vinegar liquid, It may be allowed to stand until it is used as a gasified fuel and dried naturally.
- a coal pulverization apparatus 2 that pulverizes coal to obtain coal powder
- a coal gasification furnace 3 that reacts the coal powder with a gasifying agent 36 to generate a combustible gas
- coal pulverization
- a gasification system comprising at least a coal powder supply device 4 for supplying the coal powder obtained by the device 2 to the coal gasification furnace 3, the crude vinegar solution 40 obtained when carbonizing a plant-derived biomass raw material is coal.
- the gasification system 1c provided with the crude vinegar liquid supply apparatus 8 supplied to a grinding
- the core tube of the electric furnace 5 is a vertical type, and a perforated plate (eye plate) having a plurality of through holes and quartz wool are arranged so as to block the core tube, and the biomass raw material charged into the core tube is the core. It was held in the tube. Then, by supplying an inert gas from the upper part of the furnace core tube, the gas generated during the carbonization treatment is forcibly exhausted from the pipe 21 toward the first container 22.
- the discharge from the pipe 21 was introduced into the first container 22, and the first container 22 was kept warm by the heat insulation heater 23.
- the temperature of the heat retaining heater 23 was controlled by a thermocouple 24, and the temperature in the vicinity of the introduction portion of the pipe 25 for guiding the gas to the second container 26 was set to 100 ° C. to 110 ° C.
- the bio-oil contained in the discharge from the pipe 21 is collected in the first container 22, and the gaseous discharge that has not been collected in the first container 22 and the components once collected in the first container 22 are collected.
- the component that evaporates at the set temperature of the heat retaining heater 23 is introduced into the pipe 25 for guiding the gas to the second container 26.
- the discharge from the pipe 25 was introduced into the second container 26.
- the pipe 25 is provided with a Liebig cooler which is a water circulation type cooling device, and the gaseous discharge that has not been recovered in the first container 22 and the components of the heat retaining heater 23 among the components once recovered in the first container 22.
- the components evaporated at the set temperature were cooled, and the aggregate was collected in the second container 26.
- the low-boiling organic components that were not recovered in the second container 26 were introduced into the pipe for guiding the gas to the third container. Water was put in the third container, and the low-boiling organic component was recovered by bubbling the gas discharged from the pipe.
- the char was prepared by the following method. First, after drying a sample at 107 ° C., it was charged in an infrared electric furnace, held for 1 minute and dry-distilled to prepare a char. By this treatment, the gas phase-gas phase reaction, which is a thermal decomposition reaction that occurs in the early stage of the gasification reaction, is performed in advance, and only the gas phase-solid phase reaction of the gasifying agent and char, which becomes the rate-limiting reaction in the entire gasification reaction, is performed. Can be measured in subsequent experiments.
- the char gasification reaction rate was measured by a constant temperature measurement method using an upper plate type thermobalance (device name: TGA-DTA2000S, manufactured by Mac Science). 5 mg of char was charged into a 5 mm ⁇ cell, and the temperature was raised to 850 ° C. or 900 ° C. at an increase rate of 15 ° C./min in an argon atmosphere (450 cc / min). Then, while maintaining the temperature at 850 ° C. or 900 ° C., the supply of argon is stopped, carbon dioxide gas is supplied at 450 cc / min, and the gasification of char proceeds at a gasifying agent concentration of 100%. The amount of weight loss was monitored.
- the gasification reaction rate x and the gasification reaction rate r were defined by the TG curve shown in FIG. That is, the weight reduction amount from time T 1 when the weight reduction started to time T 2 when no weight reduction was observed was defined as W 0, and the weight reduction amount at each time T was defined as W. And the gasification reaction rate x was calculated
- Example 1 The coal powder and the crude vinegar were mixed and stirred at the ratio shown below (ratio (weight) when the coal powder was 1) and dried, and the gasification reaction rate was measured. The measurement temperature was 900 ° C.
- Example 2 The gasification reaction rate was measured and compared for the case of mixing coal powder and biomass carbide powder and the case of mixing coal powder, biomass carbide powder and crude vinegar.
- the measurement temperature was 850 ° C.
- the mixing ratio was determined by calculation assuming a mixing ratio of 50 wt% based on the original biomass.
- Coal powder: biomass carbide powder: crude vinegar liquid 1: 0.35: 0.35 (weight ratio)
- Biomass carbide powder was used by pulverizing what was generated when crude vinegar was obtained from cedar bark. Moreover, the coal type of the coal powder was the same as in Example 1.
- (e) is a gasification reaction rate when coal powder is used alone.
- (F) is a gasification reaction rate when coal powder and biomass carbide are mixed.
- (G) is the gasification reaction rate when coal powder, biomass carbide and crude vinegar are mixed.
- the same experiment was carried out by changing the coal type of the coal powder.
- the measurement temperature was 900 ° C.
- (h) is a gasification reaction rate when coal powder is used alone.
- (I) is the gasification reaction rate when coal powder and crude vinegar are mixed.
- (J) is the gasification reaction rate when coal powder and biomass carbide are mixed.
- (K) is the gasification reaction rate when coal powder, biomass carbide and crude vinegar are mixed.
- gasification reactivity can be improved by mixing coal powder and biomass carbide powder, and gasification reactivity can be improved by mixing coal powder, biomass carbide powder and crude vinegar. It became clear that it could be further improved. In addition, it became clear by mixing coal powder and crude vinegar that gasification reactivity can be improved rather than the case of coal powder alone.
- the gasification system, the gasification method, and the gasification fuel production method of the present invention can be used in the field of coal gasification technology and improve carbonization reactivity, while also increasing carbon dioxide emissions by using biomass.
- the amount can be reduced. It also contributes to effective use of biomass.
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Abstract
Description
(1)粗酢液の生成
粗酢液は、杉バークを原料として、特開2008-179802号公報の実施例2と同様の方法で生成した。即ち、電気炉5の炉内温度を400℃に設定し、炉心管を窒素雰囲気(流量1000cc/min)として、バイオマス原料粉末を炭化処理した。炭化処理中に発生したガスは図9に示す気液分離装置の第一容器22と第二容器26、さらに第二容器の後段に設置された水が入った第三容器に回収し、第二容器26に回収された凝集物を粗酢液として使用した。得られた粗酢液のpHは2~3であった。
試料は、以下の方法によりチャー調製した。まず、試料を107℃で乾燥させた後、これを赤外電気炉に装入し、1分間保持して乾留し、チャー調製を行った。この処理により、ガス化反応初期に起こる熱分解反応である気相-気相反応をあらかじめ行わせて、ガス化反応全体において律速反応となるガス化剤とチャーとの気相-固相反応のみを以降の実験で測定できるようにした。
チャーのガス化反応速度の測定は、上皿式熱天秤(装置名:TGA-DTA2000S、マック・サイエンス社製)を用いて定温測定法により行った。5mmφのセル中にチャーを5mg装入し、アルゴン雰囲気下(450cc/min)、昇温速度15℃/minで850℃または900℃まで昇温した。そして、850℃または900℃に維持したまま、アルゴンの供給を止めて、炭酸ガスを450cc/minで供給し、100%のガス化剤濃度でチャーのガス化を進行させて、時刻Tにおけるチャーの重量減少量をモニタリングした。
[数式1]x=W/W0
[数式2]r=dx/dt=(dW/dt)/W0
石炭粉末と粗酢液とを以下に示す比率(石炭粉末を1とした場合の比率(重量))で混合攪拌して乾燥し、ガス化反応率を測定した。尚、測定温度は900℃とした。
条件(a):粗酢液0
条件(b):粗酢液0.11
条件(c):粗酢液0.25
条件(d):粗酢液1
石炭粉末とバイオマス炭化物粉末とを混合した場合と、石炭粉末とバイオマス炭化物粉末と粗酢液とを混合した場合とについて、ガス化反応率の測定を行い、比較検討した。尚、測定温度は850℃とした。また、混合比率は、元のバイオマス基準の混合率50wt%を想定して計算して決定した。
石炭粉末:バイオマス炭化物粉末:粗酢液=1:0.35:0.35(重量比)
2 石炭粉砕装置
3 石炭ガス化炉
4 石炭粉末供給装置
5 炭化処理装置
6 粗酢液回収装置
7 バイオマス炭化物供給装置
8 粗酢液供給装置
10 軽質ガス供給装置
11 バイオオイル回収装置
13 バイオオイル供給装置
14 ガス化触媒供給装置
31 石炭
32 バイオマス原料
33 ガス化触媒含有物質
34 揮発分
36 ガス化剤
Claims (13)
- 石炭を粉砕して石炭粉末を得る石炭粉砕装置と、前記石炭粉末をガス化剤と反応させて可燃性ガスを生成する石炭ガス化炉と、前記石炭粉砕装置で得られた前記石炭粉末を前記石炭ガス化炉に供給する石炭粉末供給装置とを少なくとも備えるガス化システムにおいて、
植物由来のバイオマス原料を炭化処理したバイオマス炭化物を前記石炭粉砕装置に供給するバイオマス炭化物供給装置を備えることを特徴とするガス化システム。 - 植物由来のバイオマス原料を炭化処理する際に得られる粗酢液を前記石炭粉砕装置に供給する粗酢液供給装置をさらに備える請求項1に記載のガス化システム。
- 植物由来のバイオマス原料を炭化処理する炭化処理装置と、前記炭化処理装置で発生する揮発分を冷却して前記バイオマス原料由来の粗酢液を回収する粗酢液回収装置とをさらに備え、前記炭化処理装置で生成されるバイオマス炭化物が前記バイオマス炭化物供給装置により前記石炭粉砕装置に供給され、前記粗酢液回収装置で回収された前記粗酢液が前記粗酢液供給装置により前記石炭粉砕装置に供給される請求項2に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記炭化処理装置で発生する前記ガスのうち前記粗酢液回収装置で回収されない軽質ガスを前記石炭ガス化炉に供給する軽質ガス供給装置をさらに備える請求項3に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記炭化処理装置で発生する前記揮発分に含まれるバイオオイルを分離して回収するバイオオイル回収装置と、前記バイオオイル回収装置で回収された前記バイオオイルを前記石炭ガス化炉に供給するバイオオイル供給装置とをさらに備える請求項3に記載のガス化システム。
- ガス化触媒含有物質を前記石炭粉砕装置に供給するガス化触媒供給装置をさらに備える請求項2に記載のガス化システム。
- 前記粗酢液供給装置は前記バイオマス炭化物供給装置に替えて備えられている請求項2に記載のガス化システム。
- 石炭を粉砕した石炭粉末と、植物由来のバイオマス原料を炭化処理したバイオマス炭化物を粉砕したバイオマス炭化物粉末とを混合して得られるガス化燃料をガス化剤と反応させて可燃性ガスを生成することを特徴とするガス化方法。
- 前記ガス化燃料には、さらに植物由来のバイオマス原料を炭化処理する際に得られる粗酢液が混合されている請求項8に記載のガス化方法。
- 前記ガス化燃料には、さらにガス化触媒含有物質が混合されている請求項9に記載のガス化方法。
- 石炭を粉砕した石炭粉末と、植物由来のバイオマス原料を炭化処理したバイオマス炭化物を粉砕したバイオマス炭化物粉末とを混合する混合工程を含むことを特徴とするガス化燃料の製造方法。
- 前記混合工程において、さらに植物由来のバイオマス原料を炭化処理する際に得られる粗酢液とを混合する請求項11に記載のガス化燃料の製造方法。
- 前記混合工程において、さらにガス化触媒含有物質を混合する請求項12に記載のガス化燃料の製造方法。
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- 2010-03-12 EP EP10755602.9A patent/EP2412788A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-03-12 AU AU2010228721A patent/AU2010228721B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-03-12 CN CN2010800034934A patent/CN102227492A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (2)
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EP2236587A1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-10-06 | General Electric Company | Modified bio-slurry and process for its production and gasification |
CN111718762A (zh) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-29 | 大连理工大学 | 一种流化床煤气化与生物质低温炭化耦合***及其工作方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2412788A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
CN102227492A (zh) | 2011-10-26 |
JP5432554B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
EP2412788A4 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
AU2010228721A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
AU2010228721B2 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
JP2010222517A (ja) | 2010-10-07 |
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