WO2010097951A1 - Speaker device - Google Patents

Speaker device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010097951A1
WO2010097951A1 PCT/JP2009/053753 JP2009053753W WO2010097951A1 WO 2010097951 A1 WO2010097951 A1 WO 2010097951A1 JP 2009053753 W JP2009053753 W JP 2009053753W WO 2010097951 A1 WO2010097951 A1 WO 2010097951A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
speaker device
voice coil
acoustic radiation
outer peripheral
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2009/053753
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
晋太郎 新寺
宣章 高橋
晶彦 古頭
Original Assignee
パイオニア株式会社
東北パイオニア株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パイオニア株式会社, 東北パイオニア株式会社 filed Critical パイオニア株式会社
Priority to JP2011501433A priority Critical patent/JPWO2010097951A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2009/053753 priority patent/WO2010097951A1/en
Publication of WO2010097951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010097951A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • H04R7/20—Securing diaphragm or cone resiliently to support by flexible material, springs, cords, or strands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/045—Mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a speaker device.
  • a voice coil wound in a cylindrical shape is arranged in a magnetic gap having a predetermined width in the winding direction of the voice coil, and the voice is generated in a magnetic flux intersecting the circumferential direction of the voice coil.
  • a voice current is passed through the coil to obtain a driving force (Lorentz force) along the winding direction of the voice coil to cause the voice coil to reciprocate along one axis, and this vibration is supported by the frame at the outer periphery. It tells the diaphragm that is.
  • a diaphragm driving device is arranged at a position substantially along the surface direction of the diaphragm at the end portion of the diaphragm whose vibration surface is curved, and the diaphragm driving device is arranged through this diaphragm driving device.
  • a speaker device is described in which the end of the diaphragm is driven in a direction substantially perpendicular to the vibration direction of the diaphragm.
  • JP-A-62-278900 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-54899
  • a voice coil In a conventional speaker device, a voice coil generates only a driving force along one axial direction regardless of whether the voice coil is wound in a cylindrical shape or planarly in a radial direction. Although it is possible to make the sound radiation direction expand depending on the shape of the plate, the vibration direction of the diaphragm is specified by the driving force in one axial direction of the voice coil, and the direction in which the diaphragm vibrates becomes the main sound radiation direction . Therefore, with such a speaker device, an omnidirectional speaker that radiates sound equally in all directions on the acoustic radiation side cannot be obtained.
  • the present invention is an example of a problem to deal with such a problem. That is, the sound generated from one sound source can be equally viewed in all directions on the sound radiation side, and in the high sound speaker unit used in the speaker system, the sound spread corresponding to the low sound speaker can be achieved with one unit. It is an object of the present invention that it can be obtained.
  • the speaker device includes at least the configuration according to the following independent claims.
  • [Claim 1] A stationary part and a vibrating part that is directly or indirectly supported by the stationary part and can vibrate, the stationary part having a magnetic circuit that forms a magnetic gap, the vibrating part being A diaphragm having at least an outer peripheral portion supported, and an annular voice coil that is directly or indirectly supported by the diaphragm and is arranged in the magnetic gap to vibrate the diaphragm.
  • a speaker device wherein the diaphragm is vibrated by expanding and contracting the coil in an annular radial direction.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing an overall configuration
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a main part near a magnetic gap
  • the speaker device 1 includes a stationary part 2 and a vibrating part 3.
  • the stationary portion 2 is a portion that does not vibrate directly by the vibration of the voice coil 10, has a magnetic circuit 20 that forms a magnetic gap 20 ⁇ / b> G, and is composed of a magnetic material or a nonmagnetic material that supports the vibration plate 11.
  • the frame includes a support portion 21 and a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum (not shown).
  • the vibration part 3 is a part that can be vibrated by being directly or indirectly supported by the stationary part 2 and vibrates positively by the vibration of the voice coil 10.
  • the diaphragm 11 has at least the outer peripheral portion 11A supported by the support portion 21 of the stationary portion 2, and the voice coil 10 disposed in the magnetic gap 20G is supported by the outer peripheral portion 11A.
  • a voice coil 10 is formed in a ring shape along the outer peripheral portion 11A, and the outer peripheral portion 11A of the diaphragm 11 is vibrated when the voice coil 10 vibrates in the magnetic gap 20G.
  • the speaker device 1 is such that the direction a of the magnetic flux in the magnetic gap 20G always intersects the radial direction of the voice coil 10 wound in an annular shape.
  • a magnetic gap 20 ⁇ / b> G having a width w along the radial direction extends in the circumferential direction of the voice coil 10.
  • a Lorentz force in the radial direction c acts on the current in the circumferential direction b.
  • the speaker device 1 when a voice current is passed through the voice coil 10, a force toward the radially inner side or a force toward the radially outer side acts on the voice coil 10.
  • a force directed radially inward and a force directed radially outward act alternately on the voice coil 10. That is, the speaker device 1 can cause the annular voice coil 10 to expand and contract in the radial direction by passing an alternating current through the voice coil.
  • the outer peripheral portion 11A of the diaphragm 11 that supports the voice coil 10 vibrates in the radial direction in accordance with the expansion / contraction vibration. Therefore, the diaphragm 11 is vibrated in all directions. Therefore, it is possible to generate acoustic radiation close to non-directionality from one diaphragm 11.
  • the diaphragm 11 of the speaker device 1 has a dome-shaped curved portion 11B having a convex center, and the outer peripheral portion 11A is formed in a flat plate shape along the radial direction. .
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the sound radiation direction of the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention (FIG. (B)).
  • the voice coil 10J is vibrated in one axial direction (vibration direction v0) along the central axis O of the dome-shaped diaphragm 11J, so that the sound radiated from the diaphragm 11J is emitted.
  • the acoustic radiation direction s0 has directivity along the central axis O, and an effective sound pressure cannot be obtained in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O.
  • the voice coil 10 is subjected to expansion / contraction vibration (vibration direction v) in the radial direction orthogonal to the central axis O as shown in FIG.
  • the sound radiation direction s of the sound is expanded along the radial direction, and a predetermined sound pressure can be obtained in almost all directions on the sound radiation side of the diaphragm 11.
  • [Voice coil configuration] 3 to 5 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the voice coil of the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the voice coil 10 used in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention needs to be deformed so as to expand or contract the diameter in order to expand and contract in the radial direction.
  • the voice coil 10 is preferably formed in a flat plate shape by winding the conductive wire 10a in a radial direction.
  • the width 10W of the voice coil 10 in the radial direction can be joined to the outer peripheral portion 11A of the diaphragm 11, and the driving force of the voice coil 10 can be effectively transmitted to the outer peripheral portion 11A.
  • the lead wires 30 and 31 are drawn from the inner end and the outer end of the conducting wire 10a, respectively.
  • the voice coil 10 whose diameter is enlarged or reduced can be realized by using a conductive wire 10a that can be expanded and contracted.
  • the conductive wire 10a may be made of an elastic material having conductivity that can be stretched and deformed.
  • an elastic material may be a resin material and an elastic material formed by adding or mixing carbon nanotubes or graphite to the resin material.
  • an ionic liquid may be mixed to improve conductivity.
  • the resin material include fluorinated resins, and examples of the ionic liquid include BMITFSI (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifuluoromethanesulfonyl) imide).
  • FIG. 4 and 5 are explanatory views showing examples of forming the voice coil 10 whose diameter is enlarged or reduced.
  • Each of the illustrated examples has a voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P in which the voice coil 10 expands and contracts along the circumferential direction.
  • a plurality of voice coil expansion / contraction portions 10 ⁇ / b> P are arranged at predetermined locations along the circumferential direction, and are formed by bent portions or refracting portions of the conducting wire 10 a forming the voice coil 10.
  • a substantially V-shaped refracting portion is formed downward in the drawing, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P composed of this refracting part or bending part can enlarge or reduce the diameter of the voice coil 10 by changing the refraction angle or bending state. Become.
  • FIG. 5 shows a modification of the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P formed on the voice coil 10.
  • a voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P1) is formed by a rectangular refracting portion or a bent portion.
  • a voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P2) is formed by a U-shaped refracting portion or a bent portion.
  • the voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P3) is formed by a plurality of W-shaped refracting portions or bent portions.
  • a convex refracting portion or a bent portion is formed on the vibration direction of the diaphragm 11, that is, on the outer side in the radial direction of the voice coil 10, thereby forming the voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P4).
  • a convex refracting part or a bent part is formed in the vibration direction of the diaphragm 11, that is, in the radial direction of the voice coil 10, thereby forming the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P (10P5).
  • FIG. 6 (a) is a perspective view as seen from the acoustic radiation side
  • FIG. 6 (b) is a plan view
  • FIG. 6 (c) is a cross-sectional view of the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11C
  • the diaphragm 11 has a flat plate-shaped outer peripheral portion 11 ⁇ / b> A along the radial direction and a dome-shaped curved portion 11 ⁇ / b> B whose center is convex toward the acoustic radiation side.
  • the diaphragm 11 needs to vibrate efficiently by the expansion / contraction vibration in the radial direction of the voice coil 10.
  • the diaphragm 11 shown in FIG. 6 has a diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C that expands and contracts along the circumferential direction in order to obtain omnidirectional vibration by the vibration of the voice coil 10.
  • the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11 ⁇ / b> C is formed by a partially bent part or refracting part on the surface of the diaphragm, and in the illustrated example, formed by a linear bent part or refracting part extending from the center of the diaphragm 11 in the outer peripheral direction.
  • the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11C extends linearly in the meridian direction on the surface of the dome-shaped diaphragm.
  • the bent portion or the bent portion is formed in the parallel direction perpendicular to the meridian direction. According to this, it is possible to apply vibrations directed radially from the center of the diaphragm to the curved portion 11B of the diaphragm 11, and it is possible to radiate sound from the dome-shaped curved portion 11B in all directions.
  • a plurality of diaphragm expansion / contraction portions 11C are formed on the surface of the curved portion 11B so that the intervals ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2,%) Of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portions 11C are different.
  • the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11 ⁇ / b> C is a reinforcing rib formed on the surface of the diaphragm 11, and has a reinforcing function for maintaining the curved shape of the diaphragm surface.
  • the resonance frequency is dispersed, and the sound pressure characteristic can be flattened (sound pressure characteristic). No peak dips). If necessary, the distance between the diaphragm expansion / contraction portions 11C may be substantially the same.
  • the diaphragm 11 has a diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C that expands and contracts along its circumferential direction, and from the vicinity of the position where the voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P is disposed, A diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C is formed toward the center. According to this, since the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11C can be efficiently deformed according to the expansion / contraction of the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P, the expansion / contraction vibration of the voice coil 10 can be efficiently changed to vibrations in all directions of the diaphragm 11. it can.
  • FIG. 6C shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C.
  • the cross-sectional shape of diaphragm expansion-contraction part 11C has a linear wall part on the boundary between a top part and a top part in the figure.
  • the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11 ⁇ / b> C enables expansion / contraction by moving the two wall parts in opposite directions with respect to the top part.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C is not limited to this, and the wall portion may be formed in a curved shape, or the shape may be changed as long as it can be expanded and contracted.
  • FIG. 7 shows another example of forming the diaphragm 11.
  • the diaphragm 11 has the dome-shaped curved portion 11B
  • the form of the diaphragm 11 is not limited to this.
  • the curved portion 11B shown in FIG. 6 (a) is a body portion of the diaphragm 11, and the body portion of the diaphragm 11 shown in FIG. 7 (a) is concave and curved in cross section with respect to the acoustic radiation direction.
  • the body portion of the diaphragm 11 shown in FIG. 7B has a linear cross-sectional shape.
  • the material for forming the diaphragm 11 may be a resin film (PET, PI, PEI, etc.), metal (aluminum, titanium, magnesium, etc.), or a rubber-based material that can be elastically deformed.
  • the diaphragm 11 includes an outer peripheral portion 11A and a curved portion 11B that are integrally formed.
  • the outer peripheral portion 11A includes an edge portion 11D, and the support portion 21 is interposed via the edge portion 11D. It is supported by.
  • the holding portion 12 is formed of a separate member, the edge portion 11 ⁇ / b> D is formed on the holding portion 12, and the vibration plate 11 is supported through the holding portion 12 as a stationary portion. Supported by the portion 21.
  • the holding unit 12 is a part of the vibration unit 3 described above, and an inner peripheral end thereof is connected to an outer peripheral end of the diaphragm 11, and an outer peripheral end thereof is disposed outside the outer periphery of the diaphragm 11. 21 (stationary part). And the support part 21 (stationary part) with which the outer peripheral end of the holding
  • the holding portion 12 includes a convex edge portion 11D facing the acoustic radiation side, but conversely, a convex edge portion 11D may be formed on the acoustic radiation side.
  • the voice coil 10 may be directly joined to the diaphragm 11 or may be supported on the diaphragm 11 via the voice coil support portion 13 as shown in FIG. In this case, the outer end of the voice coil support portion 13 is connected to the inner peripheral end of the holding portion 12 as shown in the figure. Note that the voice coil support 13 may be rigid in that the vibration of the voice coil 10 is transmitted to the diaphragm 11.
  • FIG. 9 shows another form of the holding unit 12.
  • the holding portion 12 (12-1) includes one or a plurality of curved portions.
  • the end of the holding portion 12 (12-2) is supported by a part (inner surface portion) of the magnetic circuit 20.
  • the end of the holding portion 12 (12-3) is supported by the support portion 21 outside the magnetic circuit 20.
  • the holding portion 12 may be supported by a frame (not shown) or may be supported by a bottom surface portion 22B of a support column 22 shown in FIG. Further, the end of the holding portion 12 may be supported by a member constituting a magnetic circuit, for example, a plate.
  • the holding portion 12 When the diaphragm 11 is required to have high rigidity, it is effective to form the holding portion 12 as a separate member from the diaphragm 11.
  • the holding part 12 supports the vibration plate 11 on the support part 21 (stationary part) so as to freely vibrate, and is required to have a function of returning the vibration plate 11 to an appropriate position when not driven.
  • a material and shape having a high shape restoring force are required.
  • the holding portion 12 a material having a high internal loss such as a resin material such as rubber or cloth or a metal material such as phosphor bronze, it is possible to reduce the reproduction distortion.
  • the holding portion 12 may be formed with a rib that is convex or concave with respect to the direction of acoustic radiation, and the rib may have a shape that extends from the inner peripheral portion of the holding portion 12 toward the outer peripheral portion.
  • the planar shape may be linear or curved. Examples of such an edge include a fixed edge, a free edge, and a tangential edge.
  • the vibration part 3 when the vibration part 3 is directly supported, for example, when the vibration plate 11 is directly joined to the stationary part or joined with an adhesive, or the vibration plate 11 and the holding part 12 are integrally formed and held.
  • the part 12 may be directly joined to the stationary part or joined with an adhesive.
  • the vibration part 3 when the vibration part 3 is indirectly supported by the stationary part, for example, the diaphragm 11 is directly bonded to the stationary part or an adhesive via a holding part 12 formed of a separate member with respect to the diaphragm 11. Or when the diaphragm 11 or the holding part 12 is directly joined to the stationary part or with an adhesive via a member formed of a material different from that of the diaphragm 11 or the holding part 12. Can be mentioned.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram (overall sectional view) showing a specific support form of the diaphragm in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stationary part 2 includes a column 22 that supports the central part of the diaphragm 11 from the side opposite to the acoustic radiation side.
  • the support column 22 includes a column portion 22 ⁇ / b> A that supports the central portion of the diaphragm 11 and a bottom surface portion 22 ⁇ / b> B that supports the magnetic circuit 20.
  • the connection terminal 40 is provided on the support 22, the connection terminal 40 is drawn out from the inside to the outside of the magnetic circuit 20, and the lead-out wiring 30 drawn from the voice coil 10 is drawn out along the support 22. The end is connected to the connection terminal 40.
  • the sound pressure in the direction along the central axis of the diaphragm 11 is reduced.
  • the side It is possible to increase the sound pressure toward the focus.
  • FIG. 11 to FIG. 14 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the lead wire lead-out form in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lead wire 30 is drawn from the voice coil 10, and the lead end of the lead wire 30 is connected to a terminal portion (not shown) provided in the stationary portion 2.
  • the voice coil 10 is supported on the surface opposite to the acoustic radiation side of the diaphragm 11.
  • the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out on the side opposite to the acoustic radiation side, and is drawn out of the magnetic circuit 20 directly through the center hole 20P of the magnetic circuit.
  • the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out to the side opposite to the acoustic radiation side, and in detail, a part of the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out along the curved portion 11 ⁇ / b> B of the diaphragm 11. It is pulled out of the magnetic circuit 20 through the hole 20P.
  • the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, the lead-out wiring 30 passes through the diaphragm 11 and is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, and the tip is the surface on the acoustic radiation side of the magnetic circuit 20. Is pulled out along.
  • the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, the lead-out wiring 30 passes through the diaphragm 11 and is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, and a part is along the curved portion 11 ⁇ / b> B of the diaphragm 11.
  • the tip of the magnetic circuit 20 is drawn out along the surface on the acoustic radiation side.
  • the through-hole formed in the diaphragm 11 is formed. Further, after the lead-out wiring 30 is passed through the through-hole, it is sealed with an adhesive or the like so as to prevent air from passing through the through-hole, or in order to reduce the addition of sound (air resistance) to the diaphragm 11, The through holes may be left formed so that air can pass through without being blocked with an adhesive or the like.
  • 13 and 14 are examples in which the voice coil 10 is supported on the surface of the diaphragm 11 on the acoustic radiation side.
  • the lead wiring 30 is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, and the lead wiring 30 is drawn along the acoustic radiation side surface of the magnetic circuit 20.
  • the lead wire 30 is drawn to the acoustic radiation side, a part of the lead wire 30 is drawn along the curved portion 11 ⁇ / b> B of the diaphragm 11, and the tip of the lead wire 30 is the acoustic radiation of the magnetic circuit 20. It is pulled out along the side surface.
  • FIG. 13A the lead wiring 30 is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, and the lead wiring 30 is drawn along the acoustic radiation side surface of the magnetic circuit 20.
  • the lead wire 30 is drawn to the acoustic radiation side, a part of the lead wire 30 is drawn along the curved portion 11 ⁇ / b> B of the diaphragm 11, and the tip
  • the lead wire 30 is drawn to the opposite side to the acoustic radiation side, the lead wire 30 is drawn through the diaphragm 11, passes through the center hole 20 ⁇ / b> P of the magnetic circuit 20, and Has been pulled out.
  • the lead-out wiring 30 penetrates the diaphragm 11, it is preferable that the through-hole formed in the diaphragm 11 is formed, and after the lead-out wiring 30 is passed through the through-hole, the through-hole is bonded to an adhesive or the like. It is preferable to close with.
  • FIG. 14 (a) is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 14 (b) is a plan view)
  • the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out over the holding portion 12 (edge portion 11D), and the lead-out wiring 30 is magnetic. It is drawn out of the magnetic circuit 20 through a drawing passage 20A1 provided in the circuit 20.
  • the lead-out passage 20A1 is a groove (20A1) formed on the surface opposite to the acoustic radiation side of the acoustic radiation-side magnetic pole member 20A (plate) forming the magnetic circuit 20. Note that the inside of the extraction passage 20A1 may be closed with an adhesive or the like after the extraction wiring 30 is passed through the extraction passage 20A1.
  • an elastic resin material may be selected from a group of resin materials such as an adhesive that closes the surface.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 (FIG. 15A is a plan view and FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing portion 13) illustrate the form of the reinforcing portion of the diaphragm in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing to do.
  • the vibration plate 11 is preferably provided with a reinforcing portion 13 that reinforces the vibration plate 11 along the outer peripheral portion 11A.
  • the reinforcing portion 13 can be obtained by applying an adhesive having elasticity or attaching a material having high rigidity (high Young's modulus material).
  • the material having high rigidity examples include metal materials such as aluminum and magnesium, and resin materials such as PSU (polyphenylsulfone resin) and PET (polyester terephthalate).
  • the purpose of the reinforcing portion 13 is to efficiently convert the expansion / contraction vibration of the voice coil 10 to the vibration of the diaphragm 11, and in particular, the flat outer peripheral portion 11A on the curved portion 11B that bends and rises from the flat outer peripheral portion 11A. In order to efficiently transmit the vibration of the voice coil 10 supported on the outer periphery, it is effective to enhance the rigidity of the boundary portion from the outer peripheral portion 11A to the curved portion 11B.
  • the reinforcing portion 13 can be formed by sticking a reinforcing member 13A across the outer peripheral portion 11A from the curved portion 11B to the boundary portion between the curved portion 11B and the outer peripheral portion 11A. it can.
  • the reinforcing portion 13 can be formed by forming a partial convex portion or concave portion 13B from the curved portion 11B of the diaphragm 11 to the outer peripheral portion 11A.
  • the convex portion or the concave portion 13B functions as a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is provided at a bent portion extending from the outer peripheral portion 11A to the curved portion 11B, thereby reinforcing the rigidity of the portion.
  • it may function as a diaphragm expansion / contraction part that expands and contracts along the circumferential direction.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing rib 13B has a linear wall portion with the top portion as a boundary.
  • the reinforcing rib 13B can be expanded and contracted by moving the two wall portions in directions opposite to each other with the top as a boundary.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing rib 13B is not limited to this, and the wall portion may be formed in a curved shape, or the shape may be changed as long as it can be expanded and contracted.
  • the magnetic circuit 20 in the speaker device 1 can employ, for example, the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the magnetic circuit 20 employed here has a configuration for extending along the voice coil 10 a magnetic gap 20 ⁇ / b> G having a magnetic flux direction that intersects the radial direction of the voice coil 10. That is, the magnetic gap 20G is formed between the first magnetic pole member 20A and the second magnetic pole member 20B, and the magnet 20C is disposed in the magnetic path from the first magnetic pole member 20A to the second magnetic pole member 20B. ing.
  • the first magnetic pole member 20 ⁇ / b> A is disposed on the acoustic radiation side from the voice coil 10 and is disposed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 11.
  • the second magnetic pole member 20 ⁇ / b> B is disposed on the acoustic radiation side from the voice coil 10.
  • the first magnetic pole member 20A is a plate (20A) having a cross-sectional plate shape
  • the second magnetic pole member 20B is joined to the plate (20A) via the magnet 20C and rises up to face the plate (20A).
  • a yoke (20B) having a portion 20B1.
  • the plate 20A and the yoke 20B are made of a magnetic material such as iron.
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of forming the magnetic circuit 20 that can be employed as an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the example shown in FIG. 1A shows an internal magnet type magnetic circuit 20 in which a magnet 20 c is arranged inside an annular voice coil 10.
  • a magnetic gap 20G is formed between the first magnetic pole member 20a and the second magnetic pole member 20b disposed on both sides of the magnet 20c.
  • the magnet 20c can be reduced in size and material, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in weight and cost.
  • the voice coil 10 is supported by the inner peripheral portion of the diaphragm 11, and the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 11 is supported by the support portion 21 via the holding portion 12. ing.
  • FIG. 5B The example shown in FIG. 5B is an example in which magnets 20c1 and 20c2 are arranged on both the inside and outside of the annular voice coil 10, and the first magnetic pole member 20a1 is placed on the inside and outside of the diaphragm 11. , 20a2 are arranged so as to be joined to the magnets 20c1 and 20c2, and the second magnetic pole member 20b1 is arranged so as to join the magnets 20c1 and 20c2. According to this, since the magnets 20c1 and 20c2 are disposed inside and outside the voice coil 10, high sensitivity and downsizing are possible.
  • an outer magnetic type magnetic circuit is formed by the first magnetic pole member 20a3, the magnet 20c3, and the second magnetic pole member 20b2, and the magnet 20c3 is formed on the magnet 20c3.
  • a repulsive magnet (a magnet having two magnetic poles on the opposite surface) is arranged via the first magnetic pole member 20a3. According to this, the magnetic flux density from the first magnetic pole member 20a3 toward the magnetic gap 20G is increased by the two repulsive magnets 20c3 and 20c4 (the magnetic poles of the two opposing magnets are the same) to achieve high sensitivity and downsizing. It becomes possible.
  • the magnet 20c5 is disposed so as to face the magnetic gap 20G, and the first magnetic pole member 20a4 and the second magnetic pole member 20b3 are joined. This also makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of the entire apparatus by reducing the size of the magnet 20c5.
  • the first magnetic pole member 20a5 is placed outside the diaphragm 11. It is formed so as to have an inclined surface or a curved surface that rises toward the acoustic radiation side as the surface on the acoustic radiation side is located outward. That is, the first magnetic pole member 20a5 is formed thicker as it goes outward. According to this, the surface on the acoustic radiation side of the first magnetic pole member 20a5 has a horn effect, which makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the speaker device.
  • the magnet described above is magnetized along the direction of the central axis of the speaker device, the present invention is not limited to this, and the direction intersecting the central axis of the speaker device (an oblique direction, a vertical direction). You may use the magnet magnetized by.
  • the magnetic gap 20G provided in the above-described magnetic circuit is formed between the magnet and the plate, or between the plate and the plate, but the magnetic gap 20G may be formed by two different magnets.
  • the magnetic gap 20G may be formed by disposing a magnet at the inner end of the first magnetic pole member 20a4.
  • a magnet may be arranged in the middle of the magnetic path formed by the lines of magnetic force passing through the magnetic gap 20G. If FIG. A new magnet may be inserted between both ends of the magnetic pole member 20b1.
  • a device can be obtained.
  • the high-pitched speaker unit (tweeter) used in the speaker system it is possible to obtain a sound spread corresponding to the low-pitched speaker (woofer or subwoofer) with one unit. Therefore, when obtaining a speaker system with a wide acoustic emission range, by adopting the omnidirectional speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and space-saving of the high-frequency speaker unit, and to produce a wide-band sound.
  • a speaker with a wide acoustic emission range can be obtained.
  • FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing an electronic apparatus including the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electronic device 100 such as the illustrated large-screen flat panel display can reduce the space required for installing the speaker device 1, and thus the entire electronic device can be downsized. Further, even with a miniaturized electronic device, sufficient sound output and acoustic radiation performance close to non-directionality can be obtained, so that sound can be equally transmitted to a plurality of viewers.
  • FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing an automobile provided with a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the space in the vehicle can be expanded by downsizing the speaker device 1.
  • the sound can be radiated to the entire interior of the vehicle regardless of where the speaker device 1 is installed, each occupant can view the sound at the same sound pressure level even when a large number of people are in the vehicle.
  • sufficient sound output can be obtained for each passenger, music and radio broadcasting can be enjoyed comfortably in the vehicle even during high-speed driving with a lot of noise.
  • a hotel inn or training that can accommodate a large number of people, such as a house (building) intended for the residence of people, a meeting, a lecture, a party, etc.
  • the speaker device 1 When the speaker device 1 is installed in a facility or the like (building), the thickness space necessary for the installation of the speaker device 1 can be reduced, so that unnecessary space can be deleted and the space can be used effectively.
  • projectors and large-screen TVs, etc. there have been examples of providing living rooms with audio / video equipment, while living rooms without audio / video equipment have been provided. In some cases, etc. are used as theater rooms.
  • the speaker device 1 Even in such a case, by using the speaker device 1, it is possible to easily convert a living room or the like into a theater room and to effectively use the space in the living room.
  • the speaker device 1 may be arranged at, for example, a ceiling or a wall in a living room.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
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Abstract

Provided is a speaker device having an acoustic radiation performance near to indirectivity. The speaker device includes: a still unit (2) and an oscillation unit (3) which is directly or indirectly supported by the still unit (2) in such a manner that the oscillation unit (3) can be oscillated. The still unit (2) has a magnetic circuit (20) for forming a magnetic gap (20G). The oscillation unit (3) has: a diaphragm (11) whose outer circumferential portion (11A) is supported; and a voice coil (10) formed in an annular shape along the outer circumferential potion (11A) and arranged in the magnetic gap (20G) for oscillating the outer circumferential portion (11A) of the diaphragm (11). The diaphragm (11) is oscillated by expansion/contraction-oscillating the voice coil (10) in the radial direction of the annular shape.

Description

スピーカ装置Speaker device
　本発明は、スピーカ装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a speaker device.
　従来の一般的なスピーカ装置は、筒状に巻かれたボイスコイルをボイスコイルの巻き重ね方向に所定の幅を有する磁気ギャップ内に配置して、ボイスコイルの周方向に交差する磁束内でボイスコイルに音声電流を流すことで、ボイスコイルの巻き重ね方向に沿った駆動力（ローレンツ力）を得てボイスコイルを一軸方向に沿って往復振動させ、この振動を外周部がフレームに支持されている振動板に伝えている。 In a conventional general speaker device, a voice coil wound in a cylindrical shape is arranged in a magnetic gap having a predetermined width in the winding direction of the voice coil, and the voice is generated in a magnetic flux intersecting the circumferential direction of the voice coil. A voice current is passed through the coil to obtain a driving force (Lorentz force) along the winding direction of the voice coil to cause the voice coil to reciprocate along one axis, and this vibration is supported by the frame at the outer periphery. It tells the diaphragm that is.
　また、下記特許文献１，２には、振動面が湾曲された振動板の端部に振動板の面方向に略沿った位置に振動板駆動装置を配置し、この振動板駆動装置を介して振動板の端部を振動板の振動方向に対して略直角方向に駆動するスピーカ装置が記載されている。 Further, in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, a diaphragm driving device is arranged at a position substantially along the surface direction of the diaphragm at the end portion of the diaphragm whose vibration surface is curved, and the diaphragm driving device is arranged through this diaphragm driving device. A speaker device is described in which the end of the diaphragm is driven in a direction substantially perpendicular to the vibration direction of the diaphragm.
特開昭６２－２７８９００号公報JP-A-62-278900 特開平０１－５４８９９号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-54899
　従来のスピーカ装置では、ボイスコイルを筒状に巻く場合や径方向に平面的に巻く場合の何れの場合であっても、一つのボイスコイルは一軸方向に沿った駆動力しか発生しないので、振動板の形状によって音響放射方向に広がりをもたせることは可能であるが、ボイスコイルの一軸方向の駆動力によって振動板の振動方向が特定され、振動板が振動する方向が主な音響放射方向になる。したがって、このようなスピーカ装置では、音響放射側の全方位に同等に音を放射する無指向性のスピーカを得ることはできない。特に振動板の正面方向に対して直交する方向には十分な音圧を発生させることができないので、一つのスピーカ装置の正面と側方とでは音圧に大きな差があり、一つの音源から発生する音を音響放射側の全方位で同等に視聴することはできない問題があった。 In a conventional speaker device, a voice coil generates only a driving force along one axial direction regardless of whether the voice coil is wound in a cylindrical shape or planarly in a radial direction. Although it is possible to make the sound radiation direction expand depending on the shape of the plate, the vibration direction of the diaphragm is specified by the driving force in one axial direction of the voice coil, and the direction in which the diaphragm vibrates becomes the main sound radiation direction . Therefore, with such a speaker device, an omnidirectional speaker that radiates sound equally in all directions on the acoustic radiation side cannot be obtained. In particular, since sufficient sound pressure cannot be generated in the direction perpendicular to the front direction of the diaphragm, there is a large difference in sound pressure between the front and side of one speaker device, and it is generated from one sound source. There is a problem that the sound to be played cannot be viewed equally in all directions on the acoustic radiation side.
　また、高音用のスピーカユニットと低音用のスピーカユニットによって全帯域を得るスピーカシステムでは、音の伝搬は高音になるほど直進性が強くなるので、低音用のスピーカユニットの音響放射範囲を有効に活用しようとすると、高音用のスピーカユニットに音響レンズを用いるか、或いは放射方向の異なる複数のユニットを用いることが必要になる。このため、音響放射範囲を広げるためには、高音用のスピーカユニットの音響放射方向を拡大するための設置スペースを要することになり、小型で一つの高音用スピーカユニットで低音用スピーカユニットに見合った音の広がりを有するものが求められている。 Also, in a speaker system that obtains the entire band with a high-frequency speaker unit and a low-frequency speaker unit, sound propagation becomes more straight-forward as the sound goes higher, so let's use the sound radiation range of the low-frequency speaker unit effectively. Then, it is necessary to use an acoustic lens for the loudspeaker unit or use a plurality of units having different radiation directions. For this reason, in order to widen the sound radiation range, an installation space for expanding the sound radiation direction of the speaker unit for high sound is required, and the small speaker unit for high sound corresponds to the low sound speaker unit. What has a broadening of sound is required.
　本発明は、このような問題に対処することを課題の一例とするものである。すなわち、一つの音源から発生する音を音響放射側の全方位で同等に視聴することができること、スピーカシステムで用いられる高音用スピーカユニットにおいて、一つのユニットで低音用スピーカに見合った音の広がりを得ることができること、等が本発明の目的である。 The present invention is an example of a problem to deal with such a problem. That is, the sound generated from one sound source can be equally viewed in all directions on the sound radiation side, and in the high sound speaker unit used in the speaker system, the sound spread corresponding to the low sound speaker can be achieved with one unit. It is an object of the present invention that it can be obtained.
　このような目的を達成するために、本発明によるスピーカ装置は、以下の独立請求項に係る構成を少なくとも具備するものである。
　［請求項１］静止部と、該静止部に直接又は間接的に支持されて振動可能な振動部とを備え、前記静止部は、磁気ギャップを形成する磁気回路を有し、前記振動部は、少なくとも外周部が支持される振動板と、該振動板に直接又は間接的に支持され、前記磁気ギャップ内に配置されて前記振動板を振動させる、環状のボイスコイルとを有し、前記ボイスコイルを環状の径方向に拡縮振動させることによって、前記振動板を振動させることを特徴とするスピーカ装置。 In order to achieve such an object, the speaker device according to the present invention includes at least the configuration according to the following independent claims.
[Claim 1] A stationary part and a vibrating part that is directly or indirectly supported by the stationary part and can vibrate, the stationary part having a magnetic circuit that forms a magnetic gap, the vibrating part being A diaphragm having at least an outer peripheral portion supported, and an annular voice coil that is directly or indirectly supported by the diaphragm and is arranged in the magnetic gap to vibrate the diaphragm. A speaker device, wherein the diaphragm is vibrated by expanding and contracting the coil in an annular radial direction.
本発明の一実施形態に係るスピーカ装置の説明図である（同図（ａ）が全体構成を示す断面図、同図（ｂ）が磁気ギャップ付近の要部断面図）。It is explanatory drawing of the speaker apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention (the figure (a) is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure, the figure (b) is principal part sectional drawing of the magnetic gap vicinity). 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置の音響放射方向を説明する説明図であり、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置（同図（ａ））を従来のドーム型スピーカ（同図（ｂ））と比較した図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the acoustic radiation direction of the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention (the figure (a)) is replaced with the conventional dome shape speaker (the figure (b)). It is the figure compared with. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置のボイスコイルを説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the voice coil of the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置のボイスコイルを説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the voice coil of the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置のボイスコイルを説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the voice coil of the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置の振動板を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the diaphragm of the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置の振動板を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the diaphragm of the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の支持構造を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the support structure of the diaphragm in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の支持構造を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the support structure of the diaphragm in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の支持構造を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the support structure of the diaphragm in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における引出配線の引き出し形態を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the drawer | drawing-out form of the leader wiring in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における引出配線の引き出し形態を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the drawer | drawing-out form of the leader wiring in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における引出配線の引き出し形態を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the drawer | drawing-out form of the leader wiring in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における引出配線の引き出し形態を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the drawer | drawing-out form of the leader wiring in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の補強部の形態を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the form of the reinforcement part of the diaphragm in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の補強部の形態を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the form of the reinforcement part of the diaphragm in the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態として採用することができる磁気回路の形成例を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the example of formation of the magnetic circuit which can be employ | adopted as embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置を備える電子機器を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the electronic device provided with the speaker apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカを備えた自動車を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the motor vehicle provided with the speaker which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
　以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態を説明する。本発明の実施形態は図示の内容を含むがこれのみに限定されるものではない。なお、以後の各図の説明で、既に説明した部位と共通する部分は同一符号を付して重複説明を一部省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment of the present invention includes the contents shown in the drawings, but is not limited thereto. In the following description of each drawing, parts that are common to the parts that have already been described are assigned the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are partially omitted.
［スピーカ装置の全体構成］
　図１は本発明の一実施形態に係るスピーカ装置の説明図である（同図（ａ）が全体構成を示す断面図、同図（ｂ）が磁気ギャップ付近の要部断面図）。スピーカ装置１は、図１（ａ）に示すように、静止部２と振動部３とを備える。静止部２は、ボイスコイル１０の振動によって直接的に振動しない部位であって、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇを形成する磁気回路２０を有し、振動板１１を支持する磁性体や非磁性体で構成される支持部２１や図示省略のアルミニウム等の非磁性体で形成されるフレーム等を含んでいる。振動部３は、静止部２に直接又は間接的に支持されて振動可能な部位であって、ボイスコイル１０の振動によって積極的に振動する部位である。ボイスコイル１０自身、振動板１１、図示省略の振動板１１を保持する保持部等が振動部３を形成する。 [Overall configuration of speaker device]
1A and 1B are explanatory views of a speaker device according to an embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing an overall configuration, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a main part near a magnetic gap). As shown in FIG. 1A, the speaker device 1 includes a stationary part 2 and a vibrating part 3. The stationary portion 2 is a portion that does not vibrate directly by the vibration of the voice coil 10, has a magnetic circuit 20 that forms a magnetic gap 20 </ b> G, and is composed of a magnetic material or a nonmagnetic material that supports the vibration plate 11. The frame includes a support portion 21 and a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum (not shown). The vibration part 3 is a part that can be vibrated by being directly or indirectly supported by the stationary part 2 and vibrates positively by the vibration of the voice coil 10. The voice coil 10 itself, the diaphragm 11, a holding part for holding the diaphragm 11 (not shown), etc. form the vibration part 3.
　振動板１１は、少なくとも外周部１１Ａが静止部２の支持部２１に支持されており、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇ内に配置されるボイスコイル１０が外周部１１Ａに支持されている。外周部１１Ａに沿って環状にボイスコイル１０が形成されており、ボイスコイル１０が磁気ギャップ２０Ｇ内で振動することで、振動板１１の外周部１１Ａを振動させるようになっている。 The diaphragm 11 has at least the outer peripheral portion 11A supported by the support portion 21 of the stationary portion 2, and the voice coil 10 disposed in the magnetic gap 20G is supported by the outer peripheral portion 11A. A voice coil 10 is formed in a ring shape along the outer peripheral portion 11A, and the outer peripheral portion 11A of the diaphragm 11 is vibrated when the voice coil 10 vibrates in the magnetic gap 20G.
　また、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置１は、図１（ｂ）に示すように、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇ内の磁束の向きａが環状に巻かれたボイスコイル１０の径方向に常に交わるように形成されており、径方向に沿った幅ｗの磁気ギャップ２０Ｇがボイスコイル１０の周方向に延在している。これに対してボイスコイル１０に音声電流を流すと、周方向ｂの電流によって径方向ｃのローレンツ力が作用することになる。すなわち、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置１は、ボイスコイル１０に音声電流を流すと、ボイスコイル１０には径方向内側に向かう力又は径方向外側に向かう力が作用することになり、ボイスコイル１０に交流電流を流すことで、ボイスコイル１０には径方向内側に向かう力と径方向外側に向かう力が交互に作用することになる。つまり、スピーカ装置１は、ボイスコイルに交流電流を流すことで、環状のボイスコイル１０を径方向に拡縮振動させることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the speaker device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is such that the direction a of the magnetic flux in the magnetic gap 20G always intersects the radial direction of the voice coil 10 wound in an annular shape. A magnetic gap 20 </ b> G having a width w along the radial direction extends in the circumferential direction of the voice coil 10. On the other hand, when a voice current is passed through the voice coil 10, a Lorentz force in the radial direction c acts on the current in the circumferential direction b. That is, in the speaker device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, when a voice current is passed through the voice coil 10, a force toward the radially inner side or a force toward the radially outer side acts on the voice coil 10. By passing an alternating current through the coil 10, a force directed radially inward and a force directed radially outward act alternately on the voice coil 10. That is, the speaker device 1 can cause the annular voice coil 10 to expand and contract in the radial direction by passing an alternating current through the voice coil.
　ボイスコイル１０が拡縮振動すると、このボイスコイル１０を支持する振動板１１の外周部１１Ａがその拡縮振動に応じて径方向に振動することになるので、振動板１１を全方位に向けて振動させることが可能になり、無指向性に近い音響放射を一つの振動板１１から発生させることが可能になる。 When the voice coil 10 expands / contracts, the outer peripheral portion 11A of the diaphragm 11 that supports the voice coil 10 vibrates in the radial direction in accordance with the expansion / contraction vibration. Therefore, the diaphragm 11 is vibrated in all directions. Therefore, it is possible to generate acoustic radiation close to non-directionality from one diaphragm 11.
　図１に示した実施形態では、スピーカ装置１の振動板１１は中央が凸状のドーム形状の湾曲部１１Ｂを有しており、外周部１１Ａが径方向に沿った平板状に形成されている。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the diaphragm 11 of the speaker device 1 has a dome-shaped curved portion 11B having a convex center, and the outer peripheral portion 11A is formed in a flat plate shape along the radial direction. .
　図２は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置の音響放射方向を説明する説明図であり、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置（同図（ａ））を従来のドーム型スピーカ（同図（ｂ））と比較している。同図（ｂ）に示す従来技術では、ボイスコイル１０Ｊをドーム形状の振動板１１Ｊの中心軸Ｏに沿って一軸方向に振動（振動方向ｖ０）させているので、振動板１１Ｊから放射される音の音響放射方向ｓ０は中心軸Ｏ沿った指向性を有することになり、この中心軸Ｏに直交する方向には効果的な音圧を得ることができない。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the sound radiation direction of the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention (FIG. (B)). In the prior art shown in FIG. 5B, the voice coil 10J is vibrated in one axial direction (vibration direction v0) along the central axis O of the dome-shaped diaphragm 11J, so that the sound radiated from the diaphragm 11J is emitted. The acoustic radiation direction s0 has directivity along the central axis O, and an effective sound pressure cannot be obtained in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O.
　これに対して本発明の実施形態では、同図（ａ）に示すように、中心軸Ｏに直交する径方向にボイスコイル１０を拡縮振動（振動方向ｖ）させるので、振動板１１から放射される音の音響放射方向ｓは、径方向に沿って拡がることになり、振動板１１の音響放射側のほぼ全方位で所定の音圧を得ることが可能になる。 On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, the voice coil 10 is subjected to expansion / contraction vibration (vibration direction v) in the radial direction orthogonal to the central axis O as shown in FIG. The sound radiation direction s of the sound is expanded along the radial direction, and a predetermined sound pressure can be obtained in almost all directions on the sound radiation side of the diaphragm 11.
［ボイスコイルの形態］
　図３～図５は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置のボイスコイルを説明する説明図である。本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置に用いられるボイスコイル１０は、径方向に拡縮振動するために、径を拡大又は縮小するように変形することが必要になる。ボイスコイル１０は、例えば、導線１０ａを径方向に重ねて巻き回すことで平板状に形成することが好ましい。これによって、径方向のボイスコイル１０の幅１０Ｗを振動板１１の外周部１１Ａに接合して効果的にボイスコイル１０の駆動力を外周部１１Ａに伝えることができる。この場合、導線１０ａの内端と外端からそれぞれ引出配線３０，３１が引き出されることになる。径を拡大又は縮小するボイスコイル１０は、伸縮変形可能な導線１０ａを用いることで実現可能である。 [Voice coil configuration]
3 to 5 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the voice coil of the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The voice coil 10 used in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention needs to be deformed so as to expand or contract the diameter in order to expand and contract in the radial direction. For example, the voice coil 10 is preferably formed in a flat plate shape by winding the conductive wire 10a in a radial direction. As a result, the width 10W of the voice coil 10 in the radial direction can be joined to the outer peripheral portion 11A of the diaphragm 11, and the driving force of the voice coil 10 can be effectively transmitted to the outer peripheral portion 11A. In this case, the lead wires 30 and 31 are drawn from the inner end and the outer end of the conducting wire 10a, respectively. The voice coil 10 whose diameter is enlarged or reduced can be realized by using a conductive wire 10a that can be expanded and contracted.
　また、導線１０ａを構成する材料として、金属材料の他に、伸縮変形可能な導電性を有する弾性材料であっても構わない。例えば、弾性材料が樹脂材料と、樹脂材料にカーボンナノチューブやグラファイトを添加又は混在させて構成される弾性材料が挙げられる。また、必要に応じて、イオン性液体も混合させて導電性を改善しても構わない。前述の樹脂材料としてフッ素系樹脂、イオン性液体としてBMITFSI（1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifuluoromethanesulfonyl)imide）が挙げられる。 In addition to the metal material, the conductive wire 10a may be made of an elastic material having conductivity that can be stretched and deformed. For example, an elastic material may be a resin material and an elastic material formed by adding or mixing carbon nanotubes or graphite to the resin material. Further, if necessary, an ionic liquid may be mixed to improve conductivity. Examples of the resin material include fluorinated resins, and examples of the ionic liquid include BMITFSI (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifuluoromethanesulfonyl) imide).
　図４及び図５は、径を拡大又は縮小変形するボイスコイル１０の形成例を示した説明図である。図示の例は、何れもボイスコイル１０が周方向に沿って伸縮するボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐを有する。図４に示した例では、ボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐは周方向に沿った所定箇所で複数配置されており、ボイスコイル１０を形成する導線１０ａの屈曲部又は屈折部によって形成されている。図示には略Ｖ字状の屈折部を下向きに形成しているがこれに限定されるものではない。この屈折部又は屈曲部からなるボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐは、図４（ｂ）に示すように、屈折角度又は屈曲状態を変形することでボイスコイル１０の径を拡大又は縮小変形することが可能になる。 4 and 5 are explanatory views showing examples of forming the voice coil 10 whose diameter is enlarged or reduced. Each of the illustrated examples has a voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P in which the voice coil 10 expands and contracts along the circumferential direction. In the example shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of voice coil expansion / contraction portions 10 </ b> P are arranged at predetermined locations along the circumferential direction, and are formed by bent portions or refracting portions of the conducting wire 10 a forming the voice coil 10. Although a substantially V-shaped refracting portion is formed downward in the drawing, the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P composed of this refracting part or bending part can enlarge or reduce the diameter of the voice coil 10 by changing the refraction angle or bending state. Become.
　図５は、ボイスコイル１０に形成されるボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐの変形例を示している。同図（ａ）に示す例は、矩形の屈折部又は屈曲部によってボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐ（１０Ｐ１）を形成している。同図（ｂ）に示す例は、Ｕ字形の屈折部又は屈曲部によってボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐ（１０Ｐ２）を形成している。同図（ｃ）に示す例は、Ｗ字形の複数の屈折部又は屈曲部によってボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐ（１０Ｐ３）を形成している。同図（ｄ）に示す例は、振動板１１の振動方向、すなわちボイスコイル１０の径方向外側に凸状の屈折部又は屈曲部を形成して、これによってボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐ（１０Ｐ４）を形成している。同図（ｅ）に示す例は、振動板１１の振動方向、すなわちボイスコイル１０の径方向内側に凸状の屈折部又は屈曲部を形成して、これによってボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐ（１０Ｐ５）を形成している。 FIG. 5 shows a modification of the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P formed on the voice coil 10. As shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 5A, a voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P1) is formed by a rectangular refracting portion or a bent portion. In the example shown in FIG. 5B, a voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P2) is formed by a U-shaped refracting portion or a bent portion. In the example shown in FIG. 5C, the voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P3) is formed by a plurality of W-shaped refracting portions or bent portions. In the example shown in FIG. 6D, a convex refracting portion or a bent portion is formed on the vibration direction of the diaphragm 11, that is, on the outer side in the radial direction of the voice coil 10, thereby forming the voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P (10P4). Forming. In the example shown in FIG. 5E, a convex refracting part or a bent part is formed in the vibration direction of the diaphragm 11, that is, in the radial direction of the voice coil 10, thereby forming the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P (10P5). Forming.
［振動板の形態］
　図６（同図（ａ）が音響放射側からみた斜視図、同図（ｂ）が平面図、同図（ｃ）が振動板伸縮部１１Ｃの断面図）及び図７は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置の振動板を説明する説明図である。図６に示した例は、前述したように振動板１１は、径方向に沿った平板状の外周部１１Ａと中央が音響放射側に凸状のドーム形状の湾曲部１１Ｂを有している。また、振動板１１はボイスコイル１０の径方向の拡縮振動によって効率的に振動することが必要になる。 [Shape of diaphragm]
6 (a) is a perspective view as seen from the acoustic radiation side, FIG. 6 (b) is a plan view, FIG. 6 (c) is a cross-sectional view of the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11C, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the diaphragm of the speaker apparatus which concerns on a form. In the example shown in FIG. 6, as described above, the diaphragm 11 has a flat plate-shaped outer peripheral portion 11 </ b> A along the radial direction and a dome-shaped curved portion 11 </ b> B whose center is convex toward the acoustic radiation side. In addition, the diaphragm 11 needs to vibrate efficiently by the expansion / contraction vibration in the radial direction of the voice coil 10.
　図６に示した振動板１１は、ボイスコイル１０の振動によって全方位の振動を得るために、その周方向に沿って伸縮する振動板伸縮部１１Ｃを有している。振動板伸縮部１１Ｃは、振動板表面の部分的な屈曲部又は屈折部によって形成されており、図示の例では、振動板１１の中心から外周方向に延びる線状の屈曲部又は屈折部によって形成され、振動板伸縮部１１Ｃはドーム形状の振動板表面の経線方向に線状に延びている。また、屈曲部又は屈折部の折れ曲がりが経線方向と直交する緯線方向に形成されている。これによると、振動板１１の湾曲部１１Ｂに振動板の中心から放射状に向けた振動を与えることができ、ドーム形状の湾曲部１１Ｂから全方位に向けて音を放射することが可能になる。 The diaphragm 11 shown in FIG. 6 has a diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C that expands and contracts along the circumferential direction in order to obtain omnidirectional vibration by the vibration of the voice coil 10. The diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11 </ b> C is formed by a partially bent part or refracting part on the surface of the diaphragm, and in the illustrated example, formed by a linear bent part or refracting part extending from the center of the diaphragm 11 in the outer peripheral direction. The diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11C extends linearly in the meridian direction on the surface of the dome-shaped diaphragm. In addition, the bent portion or the bent portion is formed in the parallel direction perpendicular to the meridian direction. According to this, it is possible to apply vibrations directed radially from the center of the diaphragm to the curved portion 11B of the diaphragm 11, and it is possible to radiate sound from the dome-shaped curved portion 11B in all directions.
　また、図示の例では、振動板伸縮部１１Ｃは、当該振動板伸縮部１１Ｃの間隔（θ１，θ２，…）が異なるように湾曲部１１Ｂの表面に複数形成されている。振動板伸縮部１１Ｃは、振動板１１の表面に形成される補強リブになっており、振動板表面の湾曲形状を保持する補強機能を有している。このように振動板１１を補強することによって、振動板１１の剛性が確保され、高域再生限界が伸びることになる。この補強機能を有する振動板伸縮部１１Ｃの間隔（θ１，θ２，…）を変えることで、共振周波数が分散されることになり、音圧特性を平坦化することが可能になる（音圧特性にピーク・ディップルがでない）。なお、必要に応じて、振動板伸縮部１１Ｃの間隔を略同じにしても構わない。 In the illustrated example, a plurality of diaphragm expansion / contraction portions 11C are formed on the surface of the curved portion 11B so that the intervals (θ1, θ2,...) Of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portions 11C are different. The diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11 </ b> C is a reinforcing rib formed on the surface of the diaphragm 11, and has a reinforcing function for maintaining the curved shape of the diaphragm surface. By reinforcing the diaphragm 11 in this way, the rigidity of the diaphragm 11 is ensured and the high frequency reproduction limit is extended. By changing the interval (θ1, θ2,...) Of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C having the reinforcing function, the resonance frequency is dispersed, and the sound pressure characteristic can be flattened (sound pressure characteristic). No peak dips). If necessary, the distance between the diaphragm expansion / contraction portions 11C may be substantially the same.
　振動板１１は、図６（ｂ）に示すように、その周方向に沿って伸縮する振動板伸縮部１１Ｃを有し、ボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐの配置されている位置の近傍から振動板１１の中心に向かって振動板伸縮部１１Ｃが形成されている。これによるとボイスコイル伸縮部１０Ｐの伸縮に応じて振動板伸縮部１１Ｃを効率的に変形させることができるので、ボイスコイル１０の拡縮振動を効率よく振動板１１の全方位の振動に換えることができる。 As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the diaphragm 11 has a diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C that expands and contracts along its circumferential direction, and from the vicinity of the position where the voice coil expansion / contraction portion 10P is disposed, A diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C is formed toward the center. According to this, since the diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11C can be efficiently deformed according to the expansion / contraction of the voice coil expansion / contraction part 10P, the expansion / contraction vibration of the voice coil 10 can be efficiently changed to vibrations in all directions of the diaphragm 11. it can.
　また、図６（ｃ）には振動板伸縮部１１ＣのＡ－Ａ断面図が示されている。図にて振動板伸縮部１１Ｃの断面形状は頂部と頂部を境に直線状の壁部を有する。振動板伸縮部１１Ｃは、頂部を境に２つの壁部が互いに逆向きに動くことで、伸縮することを可能にしている。また、振動板伸縮部１１Ｃの断面形状はこれに限定されず、壁部が曲線状に形成されていても構わなく、伸縮することが可能であれば形状を変更しても構わない。 Further, FIG. 6C shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C. The cross-sectional shape of diaphragm expansion-contraction part 11C has a linear wall part on the boundary between a top part and a top part in the figure. The diaphragm expansion / contraction part 11 </ b> C enables expansion / contraction by moving the two wall parts in opposite directions with respect to the top part. The cross-sectional shape of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portion 11C is not limited to this, and the wall portion may be formed in a curved shape, or the shape may be changed as long as it can be expanded and contracted.
　図７は振動板１１の他の形成例を示している。前述した振動板１１はドーム形状の湾曲部１１Ｂを有するが、振動板１１の形態はこれに限らない。図７（ａ）に示すように、稜線方向にＲ面を有する円錐形状の振動板１１（１１－１）や、同図（ｂ）に示すように、稜線方向が直線になる円錐形状の振動板１１（１１－２）等にすることも可能である。なお、図６（ａ）に示される湾曲部１１Ｂは振動板１１の胴体部であり、図７（ａ）に示される振動板１１の胴体部は音響放射方向に対し凹状で且つ湾曲状の断面形状を有し、図７（ｂ）に示される振動板１１の胴体部は直線状の断面形状を有している。 FIG. 7 shows another example of forming the diaphragm 11. Although the diaphragm 11 has the dome-shaped curved portion 11B, the form of the diaphragm 11 is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 7A, a conical diaphragm 11 (11-1) having an R surface in the ridge line direction, or a conical vibration in which the ridge line direction is a straight line as shown in FIG. 7B. It is also possible to use a plate 11 (11-2) or the like. The curved portion 11B shown in FIG. 6 (a) is a body portion of the diaphragm 11, and the body portion of the diaphragm 11 shown in FIG. 7 (a) is concave and curved in cross section with respect to the acoustic radiation direction. The body portion of the diaphragm 11 shown in FIG. 7B has a linear cross-sectional shape.
　振動板１１を形成する材料は、樹脂フィルム（ＰＥＴ，ＰＩ，ＰＥＩ等）や金属（アルミ，チタン，マグネシウム等）、或いは弾性変形可能なゴム系の材料等を用いることもできる。 The material for forming the diaphragm 11 may be a resin film (PET, PI, PEI, etc.), metal (aluminum, titanium, magnesium, etc.), or a rubber-based material that can be elastically deformed.
［保持部（エッジ部）と振動板の支持形態］
　図８～図１０は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の支持構造を説明する説明図である。前述した図１に示した実施形態では、振動板１１は、外周部１１Ａと湾曲部１１Ｂとが一体に形成され、その外周部１１Ａはエッジ部１１Ｄを備え、エッジ部１１Ｄを介して支持部２１に支持されている。これに対して、図８に示す例は、保持部１２を別部材で形成し、その保持部１２にエッジ部１１Ｄを形成して、振動板１１が保持部１２を介して静止部である支持部２１に支持されている。 [Supporting form of holding part (edge part) and diaphragm]
8 to 10 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the support structure of the diaphragm in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the diaphragm 11 includes an outer peripheral portion 11A and a curved portion 11B that are integrally formed. The outer peripheral portion 11A includes an edge portion 11D, and the support portion 21 is interposed via the edge portion 11D. It is supported by. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 8, the holding portion 12 is formed of a separate member, the edge portion 11 </ b> D is formed on the holding portion 12, and the vibration plate 11 is supported through the holding portion 12 as a stationary portion. Supported by the portion 21.
　保持部１２は、前述した振動部３の一部であり、その内周端が振動板１１の外周端と連結され、その外周端が振動板１１の外周に沿った外側に配置される支持部２１（静止部）に連結されている。そして、保持部１２の外周端が連結される支持部２１（静止部）は磁気回路２０の内部又は外部に形成されているか、或いは磁気回路２０の一部に形成することができる。図示の例では、保持部１２は音響放射側と逆側に向いた凸状のエッジ部１１Ｄを備えているが、逆に音響放射側に凸状のエッジ部１１Ｄを形成してもよい。また、ボイスコイル１０は、振動板１１に直接接合してもよいし、図８（ｂ）に示すように、ボイスコイル支持部１３を介して振動板１１に支持してもよい。この場合には、図示のように、ボイスコイル支持部１３の外終端を保持部１２の内周端に連結する。なお、ボイスコイル支持部１３はボイスコイル１０の振動を振動板１１に伝達させる点で剛性を備えていても構わない。 The holding unit 12 is a part of the vibration unit 3 described above, and an inner peripheral end thereof is connected to an outer peripheral end of the diaphragm 11, and an outer peripheral end thereof is disposed outside the outer periphery of the diaphragm 11. 21 (stationary part). And the support part 21 (stationary part) with which the outer peripheral end of the holding | maintenance part 12 is connected is formed in the inside or the exterior of the magnetic circuit 20, or can be formed in a part of the magnetic circuit 20. In the illustrated example, the holding portion 12 includes a convex edge portion 11D facing the acoustic radiation side, but conversely, a convex edge portion 11D may be formed on the acoustic radiation side. The voice coil 10 may be directly joined to the diaphragm 11 or may be supported on the diaphragm 11 via the voice coil support portion 13 as shown in FIG. In this case, the outer end of the voice coil support portion 13 is connected to the inner peripheral end of the holding portion 12 as shown in the figure. Note that the voice coil support 13 may be rigid in that the vibration of the voice coil 10 is transmitted to the diaphragm 11.
　図９は、保持部１２の他の形態を示している。図９（ａ）に示した例は、保持部１２（１２－１）が一つ又は複数の湾曲部を備えている。同図（ｂ）に示した例は、保持部１２（１２－２）の端部が磁気回路２０の一部（内面部）に支持されている。同図（ｃ）に示した例は、保持部１２（１２－３）の端部が磁気回路２０の外部の支持部２１に支持されている。この保持部１２は図示しないフレームに支持されているか、又は後述する図１０に示される支柱２２の底面部２２Bに支持されていても構わない。また、保持部１２の端部は、磁気回路を構成する部材、例えばプレート等に支持されていても構わない。 FIG. 9 shows another form of the holding unit 12. In the example shown in FIG. 9A, the holding portion 12 (12-1) includes one or a plurality of curved portions. In the example shown in FIG. 5B, the end of the holding portion 12 (12-2) is supported by a part (inner surface portion) of the magnetic circuit 20. In the example shown in FIG. 2C, the end of the holding portion 12 (12-3) is supported by the support portion 21 outside the magnetic circuit 20. The holding portion 12 may be supported by a frame (not shown) or may be supported by a bottom surface portion 22B of a support column 22 shown in FIG. Further, the end of the holding portion 12 may be supported by a member constituting a magnetic circuit, for example, a plate.
　振動板１１が高い剛性を要求される場合などは、保持部１２を振動板１１とは別部材で形成することが有効である。保持部１２は振動板１１を振動自在に支持部２１（静止部）に支持するものであり、非駆動時には振動板１１を適正な位置に戻す機能を有することが必要である。そのためには形状復元力の高い材質及び形状が求められる。また、保持部１２をゴムや布等の樹脂材料やリン青銅等の金属材料等の内部損失の高い材料にすることで、再生歪みを低減することが可能になる。 When the diaphragm 11 is required to have high rigidity, it is effective to form the holding portion 12 as a separate member from the diaphragm 11. The holding part 12 supports the vibration plate 11 on the support part 21 (stationary part) so as to freely vibrate, and is required to have a function of returning the vibration plate 11 to an appropriate position when not driven. For this purpose, a material and shape having a high shape restoring force are required. Further, by making the holding portion 12 a material having a high internal loss such as a resin material such as rubber or cloth or a metal material such as phosphor bronze, it is possible to reduce the reproduction distortion.
　内部損失が比較的大きい樹脂材料と、内部損失が比較的小さい金属材料（例えばリン青銅）を組み合わせて保持部１２を形成することで、再生歪みを低減することができる。また、必要に応じて、保持部１２に音響放射方向に対して凸状又は凹状のリブを形成しても構わなく、リブは保持部１２の内周部から外周部に向かって延びる形状であれば、平面形状が直線状又は湾曲状であっても構わない。このようなエッジとして、フィクスドエッジやフリーエッジ、タンゼンシャルエッジ等がある。 Regeneration distortion can be reduced by forming the holding portion 12 by combining a resin material having a relatively large internal loss and a metal material (for example, phosphor bronze) having a relatively small internal loss. Further, if necessary, the holding portion 12 may be formed with a rib that is convex or concave with respect to the direction of acoustic radiation, and the rib may have a shape that extends from the inner peripheral portion of the holding portion 12 toward the outer peripheral portion. For example, the planar shape may be linear or curved. Examples of such an edge include a fixed edge, a free edge, and a tangential edge.
　なお、振動部３が直接的に支持される場合には、例えば、振動板１１が静止部に直接接合又は接着剤で接合される場合や振動板１１と保持部１２が一体に形成されて保持部１２が静止部に直接接合又は接着剤で接合されるなどが挙げられる。一方、振動部３が間接的に静止部に支持される場合には、例えば振動板１１が該振動板１１に対し別部材で形成される保持部１２を介して静止部に直接接合又は接着剤で接合される場合や、振動板１１や保持部１２とは別材料で形成される部材を介して、振動板１１や保持部１２が静止部に直接接合又は接着剤で接合される場合などが挙げられる。 In addition, when the vibration part 3 is directly supported, for example, when the vibration plate 11 is directly joined to the stationary part or joined with an adhesive, or the vibration plate 11 and the holding part 12 are integrally formed and held. For example, the part 12 may be directly joined to the stationary part or joined with an adhesive. On the other hand, when the vibration part 3 is indirectly supported by the stationary part, for example, the diaphragm 11 is directly bonded to the stationary part or an adhesive via a holding part 12 formed of a separate member with respect to the diaphragm 11. Or when the diaphragm 11 or the holding part 12 is directly joined to the stationary part or with an adhesive via a member formed of a material different from that of the diaphragm 11 or the holding part 12. Can be mentioned.
　図１０は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の具体的な支持形態を示した説明図（全体断面図）である。この実施形態では、静止部２が、振動板１１の中央部を音響放射側とは逆側から支持する支柱２２を備えている。図示の例では、支柱２２は、振動板１１の中心部を支持する柱部２２Ａと磁気回路２０を支持する底面部２２Ｂとを備えている。また、支柱２２には接続端子４０が設けられ、磁気回路２０の内側から外側に接続端子４０が引き出されていて、ボイスコイル１０から引き出された引出配線３０が支柱２２に沿って引き出され、その端部が接続端子４０に接続されている。 FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram (overall sectional view) showing a specific support form of the diaphragm in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the stationary part 2 includes a column 22 that supports the central part of the diaphragm 11 from the side opposite to the acoustic radiation side. In the illustrated example, the support column 22 includes a column portion 22 </ b> A that supports the central portion of the diaphragm 11 and a bottom surface portion 22 </ b> B that supports the magnetic circuit 20. Further, the connection terminal 40 is provided on the support 22, the connection terminal 40 is drawn out from the inside to the outside of the magnetic circuit 20, and the lead-out wiring 30 drawn from the voice coil 10 is drawn out along the support 22. The end is connected to the connection terminal 40.
　このような支柱２２を設けることで、振動板１１の中心軸に沿った方向の音圧は低減することになるが、振動板１１を中心部と外周部の両方で支持することで、側方に向けた音圧を重点的に高めることができる。 By providing such a support 22, the sound pressure in the direction along the central axis of the diaphragm 11 is reduced. However, by supporting the diaphragm 11 at both the center and the outer periphery, the side It is possible to increase the sound pressure toward the focus.
［引出配線の引き出し形態］
　図１１～図１４は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における引出配線の引き出し形態を説明する説明図である。ボイスコイル１０から引出配線３０が引き出され、引出配線３０の引き出し端が静止部２に設けられる端子部（図示省略）に接続される。 [Drawer wiring lead form]
FIG. 11 to FIG. 14 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the lead wire lead-out form in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The lead wire 30 is drawn from the voice coil 10, and the lead end of the lead wire 30 is connected to a terminal portion (not shown) provided in the stationary portion 2.
　図１１，１２の例は、ボイスコイル１０が振動板１１の音響放射側とは逆側の面に支持される場合の例である。図１１（ａ）の例は、引出配線３０が音響放射側とは逆側に引き出され、直接磁気回路の中心孔２０Ｐを通って磁気回路２０の外に引き出されている。図１１（ｂ）の例は、引出配線３０が音響放射側とは逆側に引き出されており、詳細には振動板１１の湾曲部１１Ｂに一部が沿って引き出されて、その先が中心孔２０Ｐを通って磁気回路２０の外に引き出されている。 11 and 12 are examples in which the voice coil 10 is supported on the surface opposite to the acoustic radiation side of the diaphragm 11. In the example of FIG. 11A, the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out on the side opposite to the acoustic radiation side, and is drawn out of the magnetic circuit 20 directly through the center hole 20P of the magnetic circuit. In the example of FIG. 11B, the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out to the side opposite to the acoustic radiation side, and in detail, a part of the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out along the curved portion 11 </ b> B of the diaphragm 11. It is pulled out of the magnetic circuit 20 through the hole 20P.
　図１２（ａ）の例は、引出配線３０が音響放射側に引き出され、引出配線３０が振動板１１を貫通して音響放射側に引き出され、その先が磁気回路２０の音響放射側の面に沿って引き出されている。図１２（ｂ）の例は、引出配線３０が音響放射側に引き出され、引出配線３０が振動板１１を貫通して音響放射側に引き出され、一部が振動板１１の湾曲部１１Ｂに沿って引き出されて、その先が磁気回路２０の音響放射側の面に沿って引き出されている。なお、引出配線３０が振動板１１を貫通する際、振動板１１に形成される貫通孔が形成されていることが好ましい。また、貫通孔に引出配線３０が通された後、貫通孔を空気が通過することを抑止すべく接着剤等で封鎖するか、又は振動板１１に対する音響付加（空気抵抗）を低減すべく、接着剤等で封鎖せずに空気を通過できるよう、貫通孔が形成されたままにしても構わない。 In the example of FIG. 12A, the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, the lead-out wiring 30 passes through the diaphragm 11 and is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, and the tip is the surface on the acoustic radiation side of the magnetic circuit 20. Is pulled out along. In the example of FIG. 12B, the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, the lead-out wiring 30 passes through the diaphragm 11 and is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, and a part is along the curved portion 11 </ b> B of the diaphragm 11. The tip of the magnetic circuit 20 is drawn out along the surface on the acoustic radiation side. In addition, when the lead-out wiring 30 penetrates the diaphragm 11, it is preferable that the through-hole formed in the diaphragm 11 is formed. Further, after the lead-out wiring 30 is passed through the through-hole, it is sealed with an adhesive or the like so as to prevent air from passing through the through-hole, or in order to reduce the addition of sound (air resistance) to the diaphragm 11, The through holes may be left formed so that air can pass through without being blocked with an adhesive or the like.
　図１３，１４の例は、ボイスコイル１０が振動板１１の音響放射側の面に支持される場合の例である。図１３（ａ）の例は、引出配線３０が音響放射側に引き出され、引出配線３０が磁気回路２０の音響放射側の面に沿って引き出されている。図１３（ｂ）の例は、引出配線３０が音響放射側に引き出され、引出配線３０の一部が振動板１１の湾曲部１１Ｂに沿って引き出されて、その先が磁気回路２０の音響放射側の面に沿って引き出されている。図１３（ｃ）の例は、引出配線３０が音響放射側と逆側に引き出され、引出配線３０が振動板１１を貫通して引き出され、磁気回路２０の中心孔２０Ｐを通って磁気回路の外に引き出されている。なお、引出配線３０が振動板１１を貫通する際、振動板１１に形成される貫通孔が形成されていることが好ましく、貫通孔に引出配線３０が通された後、貫通孔を接着剤等で塞ぐことが好ましい。 13 and 14 are examples in which the voice coil 10 is supported on the surface of the diaphragm 11 on the acoustic radiation side. In the example of FIG. 13A, the lead wiring 30 is drawn out to the acoustic radiation side, and the lead wiring 30 is drawn along the acoustic radiation side surface of the magnetic circuit 20. In the example of FIG. 13B, the lead wire 30 is drawn to the acoustic radiation side, a part of the lead wire 30 is drawn along the curved portion 11 </ b> B of the diaphragm 11, and the tip of the lead wire 30 is the acoustic radiation of the magnetic circuit 20. It is pulled out along the side surface. In the example of FIG. 13C, the lead wire 30 is drawn to the opposite side to the acoustic radiation side, the lead wire 30 is drawn through the diaphragm 11, passes through the center hole 20 </ b> P of the magnetic circuit 20, and Has been pulled out. In addition, when the lead-out wiring 30 penetrates the diaphragm 11, it is preferable that the through-hole formed in the diaphragm 11 is formed, and after the lead-out wiring 30 is passed through the through-hole, the through-hole is bonded to an adhesive or the like. It is preferable to close with.
　図１４（同図（ａ）が断面図、同図（ｂ）が平面図）に示す例では、引出配線３０は保持部１２（エッジ部１１Ｄ）上を通って引き出され、引出配線３０は磁気回路２０に設けた引出通路２０Ａ１を通って磁気回路２０の外側に引き出されている。引出通路２０Ａ１は、磁気回路２０を形成する音響放射側の磁極部材２０Ａ（プレート）の音響放射側とは逆側の面に形成される溝（２０Ａ１）である。なお、引出通路２０A１に引出配線３０が通された後、接着剤等で引出通路２０A１内を塞いでも構わない。また、引出通路２０A１の内側近傍において、引出配線３０にストレスが作用して断線することを抑止すべく、引出通路３０の幅を外側から内側に向かって拡大する形状にするか、或いは引出通路内を塞ぐ接着剤等の、樹脂材料の一群の中で、弾性を有する樹脂材料を選択しても構わない。 In the example shown in FIG. 14 (FIG. 14 (a) is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 14 (b) is a plan view), the lead-out wiring 30 is drawn out over the holding portion 12 (edge portion 11D), and the lead-out wiring 30 is magnetic. It is drawn out of the magnetic circuit 20 through a drawing passage 20A1 provided in the circuit 20. The lead-out passage 20A1 is a groove (20A1) formed on the surface opposite to the acoustic radiation side of the acoustic radiation-side magnetic pole member 20A (plate) forming the magnetic circuit 20. Note that the inside of the extraction passage 20A1 may be closed with an adhesive or the like after the extraction wiring 30 is passed through the extraction passage 20A1. Further, in the vicinity of the inside of the lead-out passage 20A1, in order to prevent disconnection due to stress acting on the lead-out wiring 30, the width of the lead-out passage 30 is increased from the outside to the inside, or the inside of the lead-out passage 30 An elastic resin material may be selected from a group of resin materials such as an adhesive that closes the surface.
［補強部の形態］
　図１５と図１６（同図（ａ）は平面図、同図（ｂ）は、補強部１３の断面図）は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置における振動板の補強部の形態を説明する説明図である。振動板１１には、その外周部１１Ａに沿って振動板１１を補強する補強部１３を設けることが好ましい。補強部１３は、弾性を有する接着剤を塗布すること、或いは高い剛性を有する材料（高ヤング率材料）を貼り付けることによって得ることができる。高い剛性を有する材料として、アルミニウムやマグネシウム等の金属材料や、PSU（ポリフェニルサルホン樹脂）やPET（ポリエステルテレフタレート）等の樹脂材料が挙げられる。補強部１３の目的は、ボイスコイル１０の拡縮振動を効率よく振動板１１の振動に変換するためであり、特に、平坦な外周部１１Ａから屈曲して立ち上がる湾曲部１１Ｂに、平坦な外周部１１Ａに支持されたボイスコイル１０の振動を効率的に伝えるには、外周部１１Ａから湾曲部１１Ｂに至る境界部分の剛性を強化することが効果的である。具体的には、図１５に示すように、湾曲部１１Ｂと外周部１１Ａとの境界部分に湾曲部１１Ｂから外周部１１Ａに亘って補強部材１３Ａを貼り付けることによって補強部１３を形成することができる。 [Reinforcement configuration]
FIGS. 15 and 16 (FIG. 15A is a plan view and FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing portion 13) illustrate the form of the reinforcing portion of the diaphragm in the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing to do. The vibration plate 11 is preferably provided with a reinforcing portion 13 that reinforces the vibration plate 11 along the outer peripheral portion 11A. The reinforcing portion 13 can be obtained by applying an adhesive having elasticity or attaching a material having high rigidity (high Young's modulus material). Examples of the material having high rigidity include metal materials such as aluminum and magnesium, and resin materials such as PSU (polyphenylsulfone resin) and PET (polyester terephthalate). The purpose of the reinforcing portion 13 is to efficiently convert the expansion / contraction vibration of the voice coil 10 to the vibration of the diaphragm 11, and in particular, the flat outer peripheral portion 11A on the curved portion 11B that bends and rises from the flat outer peripheral portion 11A. In order to efficiently transmit the vibration of the voice coil 10 supported on the outer periphery, it is effective to enhance the rigidity of the boundary portion from the outer peripheral portion 11A to the curved portion 11B. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, the reinforcing portion 13 can be formed by sticking a reinforcing member 13A across the outer peripheral portion 11A from the curved portion 11B to the boundary portion between the curved portion 11B and the outer peripheral portion 11A. it can.
　また、図１６（ａ）に示すように、振動板１１の湾曲部１１Ｂから外周部１１Ａにかけて部分的な凸部又は凹部１３Ｂを形成することで補強部１３を形成することもできる。この凸部又は凹部１３Ｂは補強リブとして機能するものであり、外周部１１Ａから湾曲部１１Ｂに至る屈曲部分に補強リブを設けることで、その部分の剛性を強化している。また、ボイスコイル１０の振動によって全方位の振動を得るために、その周方向に沿って伸縮する振動板伸縮部としても機能させても構わない。また、図１６（ｂ）には補強リブ１３ＢのＡ－Ａ断面図が示されている。図にて補強リブ１３Ｂの断面形状は頂部と頂部を境に直線状の壁部を有する。補強リブ１３Ｂは、頂部を境に２つの壁部が互いに逆向きに動くことで、伸縮することを可能にしている。また、補強リブ１３Ｂの断面形状はこれに限定されず、壁部が曲線状に形成されていても構わなく、伸縮することが可能であれば形状を変更しても構わない。 Further, as shown in FIG. 16A, the reinforcing portion 13 can be formed by forming a partial convex portion or concave portion 13B from the curved portion 11B of the diaphragm 11 to the outer peripheral portion 11A. The convex portion or the concave portion 13B functions as a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is provided at a bent portion extending from the outer peripheral portion 11A to the curved portion 11B, thereby reinforcing the rigidity of the portion. Further, in order to obtain omnidirectional vibration by vibration of the voice coil 10, it may function as a diaphragm expansion / contraction part that expands and contracts along the circumferential direction. FIG. 16B shows a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the reinforcing rib 13B. In the drawing, the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing rib 13B has a linear wall portion with the top portion as a boundary. The reinforcing rib 13B can be expanded and contracted by moving the two wall portions in directions opposite to each other with the top as a boundary. The cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing rib 13B is not limited to this, and the wall portion may be formed in a curved shape, or the shape may be changed as long as it can be expanded and contracted.
［磁気回路の形態］
　本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置１における磁気回路２０は、例えば、図１に示す構成を採用することができる。ここで採用される磁気回路２０は、ボイスコイル１０の径方向に交わる磁束の向きを有する磁気ギャップ２０Ｇをボイスコイル１０に沿って延在させるための構成を有する。すなわち、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇが第１の磁極部材２０Ａと第２の磁極部材２０Ｂとの間に形成され、第１の磁極部材２０Ａから第２の磁極部材２０Ｂに向かう磁路内に磁石２０Ｃが配置されている。第１の磁極部材２０Ａは、ボイスコイル１０より音響放射側に配置され、振動板１１の外周部を覆うように配置されており、第２の磁極部材２０Ｂは、ボイスコイル１０より音響放射側とは逆側に配置されている。図示の例では、第１の磁極部材２０Ａは断面板状のプレート（２０Ａ）であり、第２の磁極部材２０Ｂは磁石２０Ｃを介してプレート（２０Ａ）と接合されプレート（２０Ａ）と対面する立ち上がり部２０Ｂ１を有するヨーク（２０Ｂ）である。なお、プレート２０Ａやヨーク２０Ｂは鉄等の磁性体で構成される。 [Form of magnetic circuit]
The magnetic circuit 20 in the speaker device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can employ, for example, the configuration shown in FIG. The magnetic circuit 20 employed here has a configuration for extending along the voice coil 10 a magnetic gap 20 </ b> G having a magnetic flux direction that intersects the radial direction of the voice coil 10. That is, the magnetic gap 20G is formed between the first magnetic pole member 20A and the second magnetic pole member 20B, and the magnet 20C is disposed in the magnetic path from the first magnetic pole member 20A to the second magnetic pole member 20B. ing. The first magnetic pole member 20 </ b> A is disposed on the acoustic radiation side from the voice coil 10 and is disposed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 11. The second magnetic pole member 20 </ b> B is disposed on the acoustic radiation side from the voice coil 10. Are arranged on the opposite side. In the illustrated example, the first magnetic pole member 20A is a plate (20A) having a cross-sectional plate shape, and the second magnetic pole member 20B is joined to the plate (20A) via the magnet 20C and rises up to face the plate (20A). A yoke (20B) having a portion 20B1. The plate 20A and the yoke 20B are made of a magnetic material such as iron.
　図１７は、本発明の実施形態として採用することができる磁気回路２０の形成例を示した説明図である。同図（ａ）に示した例は、環状のボイスコイル１０の内側に磁石２０ｃを配置した内磁型の磁気回路２０を示している。磁石２０ｃの両側に配置した第１の磁極部材２０ａと第２の磁極部材２０ｂの間に磁気ギャップ２０Ｇが形成されている。これによると、磁石２０ｃの小型化・小材化が可能であり、装置全体の軽量化・低コスト化が可能になる。なお、同図（ａ）に示した例では、ボイスコイル１０は振動板１１の内周部にて支持されており、振動板１１の外周部は保持部１２を介して支持部２１に支持されている。 FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of forming the magnetic circuit 20 that can be employed as an embodiment of the present invention. The example shown in FIG. 1A shows an internal magnet type magnetic circuit 20 in which a magnet 20 c is arranged inside an annular voice coil 10. A magnetic gap 20G is formed between the first magnetic pole member 20a and the second magnetic pole member 20b disposed on both sides of the magnet 20c. According to this, the magnet 20c can be reduced in size and material, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in weight and cost. In the example shown in FIG. 2A, the voice coil 10 is supported by the inner peripheral portion of the diaphragm 11, and the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 11 is supported by the support portion 21 via the holding portion 12. ing.
　同図（ｂ）に示した例は、環状のボイスコイル１０の内側と外側の両方に磁石２０ｃ１と磁石２０ｃ２をそれぞれ配置した例であり、振動板１１の内側と外側に第１の磁極部材２０ａ１，２０ａ２が磁石２０ｃ１，２０ｃ２のそれぞれと接合するように配置され、磁石２０ｃ１と磁石２０ｃ２を接合するように第２の磁極部材２０ｂ１が配置されている。これによると、ボイスコイル１０の内側と外側に磁石２０ｃ１，２０ｃ２が配置されるので、高感度化・小型化が可能になる。 The example shown in FIG. 5B is an example in which magnets 20c1 and 20c2 are arranged on both the inside and outside of the annular voice coil 10, and the first magnetic pole member 20a1 is placed on the inside and outside of the diaphragm 11. , 20a2 are arranged so as to be joined to the magnets 20c1 and 20c2, and the second magnetic pole member 20b1 is arranged so as to join the magnets 20c1 and 20c2. According to this, since the magnets 20c1 and 20c2 are disposed inside and outside the voice coil 10, high sensitivity and downsizing are possible.
　同図（ｃ）に示した例では、図１と同様に、第１の磁極部材２０ａ３と磁石２０ｃ３と第２の磁極部材２０ｂ２とによって外磁型の磁気回路を形成し、その磁石２０ｃ３上に第１の磁極部材２０ａ３を介して反発磁石（対向する面の磁極が２つの磁石）を配置したものである。これによると、第１の磁極部材２０ａ３から磁気ギャップ２０Ｇに向かう磁束密度を２つの反発磁石２０ｃ３，２０ｃ４（対向し合う２つの磁石の磁極が同じ）で高めて高感度化・小型化を実現することが可能になる。 In the example shown in FIG. 5C, as in FIG. 1, an outer magnetic type magnetic circuit is formed by the first magnetic pole member 20a3, the magnet 20c3, and the second magnetic pole member 20b2, and the magnet 20c3 is formed on the magnet 20c3. A repulsive magnet (a magnet having two magnetic poles on the opposite surface) is arranged via the first magnetic pole member 20a3. According to this, the magnetic flux density from the first magnetic pole member 20a3 toward the magnetic gap 20G is increased by the two repulsive magnets 20c3 and 20c4 (the magnetic poles of the two opposing magnets are the same) to achieve high sensitivity and downsizing. It becomes possible.
　同図（ｄ）に示した例では、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇに対面するように磁石２０ｃ５を配置して、第１の磁極部材２０ａ４と第２の磁極部材２０ｂ３を接合している。これによっても、磁石２０ｃ５の小型化によって、装置全体を小型化・軽量化することが可能になる。 In the example shown in FIG. 4D, the magnet 20c5 is disposed so as to face the magnetic gap 20G, and the first magnetic pole member 20a4 and the second magnetic pole member 20b3 are joined. This also makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of the entire apparatus by reducing the size of the magnet 20c5.
　同図（ｅ）に示した例では、磁気回路２０を形成する第１の磁極部材２０ａ５と磁石２０ｃ６と第２の磁極部材２０ｂ４のうち、第１の磁極部材２０ａ５を、振動板１１の外側に位置する音響放射側の面が外側にいくほど音響放射側に立ち上がる傾斜面或いは曲面を有するように形成している。すなわち、第１の磁極部材２０ａ５を外側にいくほど肉厚に形成している。これによると、第１の磁極部材２０ａ５の音響放射側の面がホーン効果を有することになり、これによってスピーカ装置の能率を向上させることが可能になる。 In the example shown in FIG. 4E, of the first magnetic pole member 20a5, the magnet 20c6, and the second magnetic pole member 20b4 forming the magnetic circuit 20, the first magnetic pole member 20a5 is placed outside the diaphragm 11. It is formed so as to have an inclined surface or a curved surface that rises toward the acoustic radiation side as the surface on the acoustic radiation side is located outward. That is, the first magnetic pole member 20a5 is formed thicker as it goes outward. According to this, the surface on the acoustic radiation side of the first magnetic pole member 20a5 has a horn effect, which makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the speaker device.
　なお、前述に記載した磁石はスピーカ装置の中心軸の方向に沿って着磁されているが、これに限定されず、スピーカ装置の中心軸に対し交差する方向（斜めの方向、垂直な方向）に着磁された磁石を用いても構わない。また、前述の磁気回路が備える磁気ギャップ２０Ｇは磁石とプレート、又はプレートとプレートの間に形成されているが、２つの異なる磁石にて磁気ギャップ２０Ｇを形成しても構わなく、図１７（ｄ）を例に取れば、第１の磁極部材２０ａ４の内側端部に磁石を配置することで、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇを形成しても構わない。
また、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇ内の磁束密度を高めるべく、磁気ギャップ２０Ｇを通過する磁力線が形成する磁路の途中に磁石を配置しても構わなく、図１７（ｂ）を例に取れば、第２の磁極部材２０ｂ１の両端部の間に、新たな磁石を挿入する等しても構わない。 In addition, although the magnet described above is magnetized along the direction of the central axis of the speaker device, the present invention is not limited to this, and the direction intersecting the central axis of the speaker device (an oblique direction, a vertical direction). You may use the magnet magnetized by. Further, the magnetic gap 20G provided in the above-described magnetic circuit is formed between the magnet and the plate, or between the plate and the plate, but the magnetic gap 20G may be formed by two different magnets. For example, the magnetic gap 20G may be formed by disposing a magnet at the inner end of the first magnetic pole member 20a4.
Further, in order to increase the magnetic flux density in the magnetic gap 20G, a magnet may be arranged in the middle of the magnetic path formed by the lines of magnetic force passing through the magnetic gap 20G. If FIG. A new magnet may be inserted between both ends of the magnetic pole member 20b1.
　以上説明したように、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置によると、一つの音源から発生する音を音響放射側の全方位で同等に視聴することができる無指向性に近い音響放射性能のスピーカ装置を得ることができる。また、スピーカシステムで用いられる高音用スピーカユニット（ツィータ）において、一つのユニットで低音用スピーカ（ウファー又はサブウファー）に見合った音の広がりを得ることができる。したがって、音響放射範囲の広いスピーカシステムを得る際に、本発明の実施形態に係る全方位放出のスピーカ装置を採用することで、高音用スピーカユニットを小型化・省スペース化しながら、広い帯域の音で音響放射範囲の広いスピーカを得ることができる。 As described above, according to the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention, a speaker with sound radiation performance close to omni-directionality that allows sound generated from one sound source to be equally viewed in all directions on the sound radiation side. A device can be obtained. Moreover, in the high-pitched speaker unit (tweeter) used in the speaker system, it is possible to obtain a sound spread corresponding to the low-pitched speaker (woofer or subwoofer) with one unit. Therefore, when obtaining a speaker system with a wide acoustic emission range, by adopting the omnidirectional speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and space-saving of the high-frequency speaker unit, and to produce a wide-band sound. A speaker with a wide acoustic emission range can be obtained.
　本発明の実施形態或いは実施例に係るスピーカ装置は各種電子機器や車載用として効果的に用いることができる。図１８は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカ装置を備える電子機器を示した説明図である。例えば、図示した大画面のフラットパネルディスプレイのような電子機器１００は、スピーカ装置１の設置に必要なスペースを小さくできるので、電子機器全体の小型化が可能になる。また、小型化された電子機器においても充分な音声出力や無指向性に近い音響放射性能を得ることができるので、複数の視聴者に同等に音を伝えることができる。図１９は、本発明の実施形態に係るスピーカを備えた自動車を示した説明図である。同図に示した自動車１０１は、スピーカ装置１の小型化によって車内スペースの拡大が可能になる。特にスピーカ装置１を何処に設置しても車内全体に音を放射することができるので、多人数が乗車した状態であっても各乗員が同等の音圧レベルで音を視聴することができる。また、各乗員に対して充分な音声出力が得られるので、雑音が多い高速走行時等でも車内で快適に音楽やラジオ放送を楽しむことができる。 The speaker device according to the embodiments or examples of the present invention can be effectively used for various electronic devices and in-vehicle use. FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing an electronic apparatus including the speaker device according to the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the electronic device 100 such as the illustrated large-screen flat panel display can reduce the space required for installing the speaker device 1, and thus the entire electronic device can be downsized. Further, even with a miniaturized electronic device, sufficient sound output and acoustic radiation performance close to non-directionality can be obtained, so that sound can be equally transmitted to a plurality of viewers. FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing an automobile provided with a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the automobile 101 shown in the figure, the space in the vehicle can be expanded by downsizing the speaker device 1. In particular, since the sound can be radiated to the entire interior of the vehicle regardless of where the speaker device 1 is installed, each occupant can view the sound at the same sound pressure level even when a large number of people are in the vehicle. In addition, since sufficient sound output can be obtained for each passenger, music and radio broadcasting can be enjoyed comfortably in the vehicle even during high-speed driving with a lot of noise.
　また、スピーカ装置１を備える建築物として、人の居住を用途とする住宅（建築物）や会議、講演会、パーティー等、多数の人数を収容して催しを行うことができるホテル、旅館や研修施設等（建築物）にスピーカ装置１を設置する場合に、スピーカ装置１の設置に必要な厚さスペースを小さくできるので、不要なスペースを削除でき、スペースを有効に活用することができる。また、近年、プロジェクターや大画面テレビ等の普及に伴い、音響・映像設備を備える居室を設ける例が見られるようになっており、一方で音響・映像設備を備える居室を設けずに、リビングルーム等をシアタールームとして使用するケースも見られる。このようなケースにおいても、スピーカ装置１を用いることで、簡易にリビングルーム等をシアタールーム化でき、さらにリビングルーム内の空間を有効に活用することが可能である。なお、スピーカ装置１の配置場所は、例えば、居室内の天井や壁等が挙げられる。 In addition, as a building equipped with the speaker device 1, a hotel, inn or training that can accommodate a large number of people, such as a house (building) intended for the residence of people, a meeting, a lecture, a party, etc. When the speaker device 1 is installed in a facility or the like (building), the thickness space necessary for the installation of the speaker device 1 can be reduced, so that unnecessary space can be deleted and the space can be used effectively. In recent years, with the widespread use of projectors and large-screen TVs, etc., there have been examples of providing living rooms with audio / video equipment, while living rooms without audio / video equipment have been provided. In some cases, etc. are used as theater rooms. Even in such a case, by using the speaker device 1, it is possible to easily convert a living room or the like into a theater room and to effectively use the space in the living room. Note that the speaker device 1 may be arranged at, for example, a ceiling or a wall in a living room.
　以上、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこれらの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても本発明に含まれる。また、上述の各実施の形態は、その目的及び構成等に特に矛盾や問題がない限り、互いの技術を流用して組み合わせることが可能である。 As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the design can be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Is included in the present invention. In addition, the above-described embodiments can be combined by utilizing each other's technology as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose and configuration.

Claims (46)

  1. 　静止部と、該静止部に直接又は間接的に支持されて振動可能な振動部とを備え、
    　前記静止部は、磁気ギャップを形成する磁気回路を有し、
    　前記振動部は、少なくとも外周部が支持される振動板と、該振動板に直接又は間接的に支持され、前記磁気ギャップ内に配置されて前記振動板を振動させる、環状のボイスコイルとを有し、
    　前記ボイスコイルを環状の径方向に拡縮振動させることによって、前記振動板を振動させることを特徴とするスピーカ装置。     A stationary part, and a vibrating part that is directly or indirectly supported by the stationary part and can vibrate,
    The stationary part has a magnetic circuit forming a magnetic gap,
    The vibrating part includes a diaphragm having at least an outer peripheral part supported, and an annular voice coil that is directly or indirectly supported by the diaphragm and is arranged in the magnetic gap to vibrate the diaphragm. And
    A speaker device that vibrates the diaphragm by expanding and contracting the voice coil in an annular radial direction.
  2. 　前記磁気回路は、前記磁気ギャップ内の磁束の向きが前記ボイスコイルの径方向に交わり、該径方向に沿った幅の前記磁気ギャップが前記ボイスコイルの周方向に延在することを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The magnetic circuit is characterized in that the direction of magnetic flux in the magnetic gap intersects in the radial direction of the voice coil, and the magnetic gap having a width along the radial direction extends in the circumferential direction of the voice coil. The speaker device according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記ボイスコイルは、周方向に沿って伸縮するボイスコイル伸縮部を有することを特徴とする請求項２記載のスピーカ装置。 3. The speaker device according to claim 2, wherein the voice coil has a voice coil expansion / contraction part that expands and contracts along a circumferential direction.
  4. 　前記ボイスコイル伸縮部は、周方向に沿った所定間隔で複数配置されていることを特徴とする請求項３記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the voice coil expansion / contraction portions are arranged at a predetermined interval along the circumferential direction.
  5. 　前記ボイスコイル伸縮部は、前記ボイスコイルを形成する導線の屈曲部又は屈折部によって形成されることを特徴とする請求項４記載のスピーカ装置。 5. The speaker device according to claim 4, wherein the voice coil expansion / contraction portion is formed by a bent portion or a refracting portion of a conducting wire forming the voice coil.
  6. 　前記ボイスコイル伸縮部は、前記振動板の振動方向に沿って突出して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項５記載のスピーカ装置。 6. The speaker device according to claim 5, wherein the voice coil expansion / contraction part is formed to protrude along a vibration direction of the diaphragm.
  7. 　前記ボイスコイルは、平板状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項６記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 6, wherein the voice coil is formed in a flat plate shape.
  8. 　前記振動板は、その周方向に沿って伸縮する振動板伸縮部を有することを特徴とする請求項７記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 7, wherein the diaphragm includes a diaphragm expansion / contraction portion that expands and contracts along a circumferential direction thereof.
  9. 　前記振動板伸縮部は、前記振動板表面の部分的な屈曲部又は屈折部によって形成されていることを特徴とする請求項８記載のスピーカ装置。 9. The speaker device according to claim 8, wherein the diaphragm expansion / contraction part is formed by a partially bent part or a refracting part of the diaphragm surface.
  10. 　前記振動板は、胴体部とその周囲に形成される外周部とを有し、
    　前記振動板伸縮部は、前記胴体部と前記外周部との境界部分に前記胴体部から前記外周部に亘って形成されることを特徴とする請求項９に記載のスピーカ装置。     The diaphragm has a body part and an outer peripheral part formed around the body part,
    The speaker device according to claim 9, wherein the diaphragm expansion / contraction portion is formed from the body portion to the outer peripheral portion at a boundary portion between the body portion and the outer peripheral portion.
  11. 　前記振動板伸縮部は凸状又は凹状部であることを特徴とする請求項１０記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 10, wherein the diaphragm expansion / contraction part is a convex part or a concave part.
  12. 　前記振動板伸縮部は前記振動板の中心から前記振動板の外周方向に延びる線状の屈曲部又は屈折部によって形成されていることを特徴とする請求項９記載のスピーカ装置。 10. The speaker device according to claim 9, wherein the diaphragm expansion / contraction part is formed by a linear bent part or a refracting part extending from the center of the diaphragm to the outer peripheral direction of the diaphragm.
  13. 　前記ボイスコイル伸縮部の配置されている位置の近傍から前記振動板の中心に向かって前記振動板伸縮部が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項９記載のスピーカ装置。 10. The speaker device according to claim 9, wherein the diaphragm expansion / contraction part is formed from the vicinity of the position where the voice coil expansion / contraction part is arranged toward the center of the diaphragm.
  14. 　前記振動板は、胴体部とその周囲に形成される平坦な前記外周部とを有し、前記外周部に前記ボイスコイルが支持され、前記胴体部と前記外周部との境界部分に前記胴体部から前記外周部に亘って補強部が設けられることを特徴とする請求項１３記載のスピーカ装置。 The diaphragm includes a body part and the flat outer peripheral part formed around the body part, the voice coil is supported by the outer peripheral part, and the body part is formed at a boundary part between the body part and the outer peripheral part. The speaker device according to claim 13, wherein a reinforcing portion is provided from the outer periphery to the outer periphery.
  15. 　前記補強部は、前記振動板を構成する材料に対し剛性を有する材料で構成されることを特徴とする請求項１４に記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 14, wherein the reinforcing portion is made of a material having rigidity with respect to a material constituting the diaphragm.
  16. 　前記補強部は、前記胴体部から前記外周部にかけて形成される部分的な凸状又は凹状部であることを特徴とする請求項１４記載のスピーカ装置。 15. The speaker device according to claim 14, wherein the reinforcing portion is a partial convex or concave portion formed from the body portion to the outer peripheral portion.
  17. 　前記振動板は、中央が音響放射側に凸状のドーム形状に形成される湾曲部を有することを特徴とする請求項１６記載のスピーカ装置。 17. The speaker device according to claim 16, wherein the diaphragm has a curved portion whose center is formed in a dome shape convex toward the acoustic radiation side.
  18. 　前記振動板伸縮部は、隣接する当該振動板用伸縮部の間隔が異なるように複数設けられていることを特徴する請求項１７記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 17, wherein a plurality of the diaphragm expansion / contraction portions are provided such that the interval between the adjacent expansion / contraction portions for the diaphragm is different.
  19. 　前記振動板の外周部はエッジ部を介して前記静止部に支持されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein an outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm is supported by the stationary portion via an edge portion.
  20. 　前記振動板の外周部は前記磁気回路内で又は前記磁気回路に支持されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein an outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm is supported in or on the magnetic circuit.
  21. 　前記振動部は、前記振動板を前記静止部に支持する保持部を備え、
    　前記保持部は、その内周端が前記振動板の外周端と連結され、その外周端が前記振動板の外周に沿った外側に配置される前記静止部に連結されることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。     The vibrating part includes a holding part that supports the diaphragm on the stationary part,
    The holding part has an inner peripheral end connected to an outer peripheral end of the diaphragm, and an outer peripheral end connected to the stationary part arranged outside the outer periphery of the diaphragm. Item 2. The speaker device according to Item 1.
  22. 　前記保持部の外周端が連結される前記静止部は前記磁気回路の内部に形成されることを特徴とする請求項１９記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 19, wherein the stationary portion to which an outer peripheral end of the holding portion is connected is formed in the magnetic circuit.
  23. 　前記保持部は一つ又は複数の湾曲部を備えることを特徴とする請求項２２記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 22, wherein the holding portion includes one or a plurality of bending portions.
  24. 　前記磁気回路は、前記磁気ギャップが第１の磁極部材と第２の磁極部材との間に形成され、前記第１の磁極部材から前記第２の磁極部材に向かう磁路内に磁石が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 In the magnetic circuit, the magnetic gap is formed between a first magnetic pole member and a second magnetic pole member, and a magnet is disposed in a magnetic path from the first magnetic pole member to the second magnetic pole member. The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein:
  25. 　前記第１の磁極部材は、前記ボイスコイルより音響放射側に配置され、前記振動板の外周部を覆うように配置されており、前記第２の磁極部材は、前記ボイスコイルより音響放射側とは逆側に配置されることを特徴とする請求項２４記載のスピーカ装置。 The first magnetic pole member is disposed on the acoustic radiation side from the voice coil, and is disposed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm. The second magnetic pole member is disposed on the acoustic radiation side from the voice coil. The speaker device according to claim 24, wherein the speaker device is disposed on the opposite side.
  26. 　前記第１の磁極部材は断面板状のプレートであり、前記第２の磁極部材は磁石を介して前記プレートと接合され前記プレートと対面する立ち上がり部を有するヨークであることを特徴とする請求項２５記載のスピーカ装置。 The first magnetic pole member is a plate having a cross-sectional plate shape, and the second magnetic pole member is a yoke having a rising portion that is joined to the plate via a magnet and faces the plate. 25. The speaker device according to 25.
  27. 　前記ボイスコイルから引出配線が引き出され、該引出配線の引き出し端が前記静止部に設けられる端子部に接続されることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein a lead wire is drawn from the voice coil, and a lead end of the lead wire is connected to a terminal portion provided in the stationary portion.
  28. 　前記端子部は、前記振動部と前記静止部との間に形成される空間内に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項２７に記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 27, wherein the terminal portion is disposed in a space formed between the vibrating portion and the stationary portion.
  29. 　前記ボイスコイルが前記振動板の音響放射側の面に支持され、前記引出配線が音響放射側に引き出されることを特徴とする請求項２７記載のスピーカ装置。 28. The speaker device according to claim 27, wherein the voice coil is supported by a surface on the acoustic radiation side of the diaphragm, and the lead-out wiring is led out to the acoustic radiation side.
  30. 　前記ボイスコイルが前記振動板の音響放射側とは逆側の面に支持され、前記引出配線が前記振動板を貫通して前記音響放射側に引き出されることを特徴２７とする請求項記載のスピーカ装置。 28. The speaker according to claim 27, wherein the voice coil is supported on a surface opposite to the acoustic radiation side of the diaphragm, and the lead-out wiring penetrates the diaphragm and is led out to the acoustic radiation side. apparatus.
  31. 　前記引出配線は前記磁気回路の音響放射側の面に沿って引き出されることを特徴とする請求項２９又は３０記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the lead-out wiring is led out along a surface on the acoustic radiation side of the magnetic circuit.
  32. 　前記ボイスコイルが前記振動板の音響放射側とは逆側の面に支持され、前記引出配線が音響放射側とは逆側に引き出されることを特徴とする請求項２７記載のスピーカ装置。 28. The speaker device according to claim 27, wherein the voice coil is supported on a surface opposite to the acoustic radiation side of the diaphragm, and the lead-out wiring is led out to a side opposite to the acoustic radiation side.
  33. 　前記ボイスコイルが前記振動板の音響放射側の面に支持され、前記引出配線が音響放射側に引き出されることを特徴とする請求項２７記載のスピーカ装置。 28. The speaker device according to claim 27, wherein the voice coil is supported by a surface on the acoustic radiation side of the diaphragm, and the lead-out wiring is led out to the acoustic radiation side.
  34. 　前記引出配線はその一部が前記振動板に沿って引き出されることを特徴とする請求項２７記載のスピーカ装置。 28. The speaker device according to claim 27, wherein a part of the lead-out wiring is led out along the diaphragm.
  35. 　前記静止部として前記振動板の中央部を音響放射側とは逆側から支持する支柱を設け、前記引出配線の引き出し端が前記支柱に設けた接続端子に接続されることを特徴とする請求項２７記載のスピーカ装置。 A support column supporting the central portion of the diaphragm from the side opposite to the sound radiation side is provided as the stationary portion, and a lead-out end of the lead-out wiring is connected to a connection terminal provided on the support column. 27. The speaker device according to 27.
  36. 　前記引出配線は前記磁気回路に設けた引出通路を通って前記磁気回路の外側に引き出されることを特徴とする請求項２７記載のスピーカ装置。 28. The speaker device according to claim 27, wherein the lead-out wiring is led out of the magnetic circuit through a lead-out passage provided in the magnetic circuit.
  37. 　前記引出通路は、前記磁気回路を形成する音響放射側の磁極部材の音響放射側とは逆側の面に形成される溝であることを特徴とする請求項３６記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 36, wherein the lead-out passage is a groove formed on a surface opposite to the acoustic radiation side of the magnetic radiation side magnetic pole member forming the magnetic circuit.
  38. 　前記振動板は保持部を介して前記静止部に支持され、
    　前記引出配線は前記保持部上を通って引き出されることを特徴とする請求項２７記載のスピーカ装置。     The diaphragm is supported by the stationary part via a holding part,
    28. The speaker device according to claim 27, wherein the lead-out wiring is drawn through the holding portion.
  39. 　前記静止部は、前記振動板の中央部を音響放射側とは逆側から支持する支柱を備えることを請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the stationary portion includes a support column that supports a central portion of the diaphragm from a side opposite to the acoustic radiation side.
  40. 　前記振動部は、前記ボイスコイルを支持して前記振動板に連結するボイスコイル支持部を有することを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration unit includes a voice coil support unit that supports the voice coil and connects to the diaphragm.
  41. 　前記磁気回路は、前記振動板の外側に位置する音響放射側の面が、外側にいくほど音響放射側に立ち上がる傾斜面を有することを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit has a surface on the acoustic radiation side located outside the diaphragm, and an inclined surface that rises toward the acoustic radiation side toward the outside.
  42. 　前記磁気回路は、前記ボイスコイルの外側又は内側に磁石が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。 The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit includes a magnet disposed outside or inside the voice coil.
  43. 　前記磁気回路は、複数の磁石を備え、
    　前記複数の磁石は対向する面の磁極が同じであることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスピーカ装置。     The magnetic circuit includes a plurality of magnets,
    The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of magnets have the same magnetic poles on opposite surfaces.
  44. 　請求項１に記載のスピーカ装置を備えることを特徴とする自動車。 An automobile comprising the speaker device according to claim 1.
  45. 　請求項１に記載のスピーカ装置を備えることを特徴とする電子機器。 An electronic apparatus comprising the speaker device according to claim 1.
  46. 　請求項１に記載のスピーカ装置を備えることを特徴とする建築物。 A building comprising the speaker device according to claim 1.
PCT/JP2009/053753 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 Speaker device WO2010097951A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50132918A (en) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-21
JPS5769997A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-04-30 Katsuya Ishizaki 360 degrees
JPS6454899A (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-02 Foster Electric Co Ltd Speaker
JP2000333295A (en) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-30 Sharp Corp Piezoelectric speaker

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50132918A (en) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-21
JPS5769997A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-04-30 Katsuya Ishizaki 360 degrees
JPS6454899A (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-02 Foster Electric Co Ltd Speaker
JP2000333295A (en) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-30 Sharp Corp Piezoelectric speaker

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