WO2010096969A1 - 无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的方法及设备 - Google Patents

无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010096969A1
WO2010096969A1 PCT/CN2009/070585 CN2009070585W WO2010096969A1 WO 2010096969 A1 WO2010096969 A1 WO 2010096969A1 CN 2009070585 W CN2009070585 W CN 2009070585W WO 2010096969 A1 WO2010096969 A1 WO 2010096969A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
delimiter
burst
zero
sequence
odd
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PCT/CN2009/070585
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
封东宁
耿东玉
李靖
梁伟光
弗兰克·埃芬博格
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2009/070585 priority Critical patent/WO2010096969A1/zh
Priority to EP09840652.3A priority patent/EP2398165B1/en
Priority to PT98406523T priority patent/PT2398165E/pt
Priority to ES09840652.3T priority patent/ES2513395T3/es
Priority to BRPI0924381-0A priority patent/BRPI0924381B1/pt
Priority to CN200980155639.4A priority patent/CN102318239B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2009/074496 priority patent/WO2010096984A1/zh
Publication of WO2010096969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010096969A1/zh
Priority to US13/219,075 priority patent/US8259734B2/en
Priority to US13/270,035 priority patent/US8331379B2/en
Priority to US13/565,471 priority patent/US9054811B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
    • H04L7/041—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
    • H04L7/041—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal
    • H04L7/046—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal using a dotting sequence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to passive optical network technology, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for transmitting an uplink transmission frame in a passive optical network. Background technique
  • Passive Optical Network is the leader in optical access technology due to its advantages of easy maintenance, high bandwidth and low cost. It is an ideal way to integrate voice, data, video and other services through a single platform. Physical platform. PON technology is a point-to-multipoint ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ ) fiber access technology. The PON consists of an Optical Line Terminal (OLT), an Optical Network Unit (ONU), and an Optical Distribution Network (ODN). Its advantages are derived from the passive optical splitter/combiner in the ODN. ( Splitter/Coupler ) , so PON does not need to use components with amplification and relay functions.
  • PON uses a point-to-multipoint topology
  • point-to-multipoint multiple access protocols must be used to enable many ONUs to share OLT and backbone fibers.
  • the direction of data from the OLT to the ONU is the downlink direction
  • the direction from the ONU to the OLT is the uplink direction.
  • PONs can be classified into a variety of types, and Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network (GPON) is an important one.
  • the GPON system uses Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology to realize single-fiber bidirectional transmission.
  • WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
  • the downlink data stream uses the broadcast technology
  • the uplink data stream uses the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technology.
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • the transmission of GPON in the uplink direction is burst mode.
  • Each ONU sends data to the OLT based on a specific time slot allocated by the OLT.
  • the OLT receives the data of each ONU, it needs to synchronize first, and obtain the starting position of the ONU sending data frame before starting to receive data.
  • the synchronization mechanism for uplink burst reception is given in ITU-T G.984.3.
  • the Preamble and Delimiter fields are set in front of the GPON upstream burst frame. The OLT uses these two fields to complete the reception synchronization of the uplink burst frame.
  • the preamble field is a series of binary sequences, which facilitates automatic gain control and clocking at the OLT receiving end. Resume and synchronize reception.
  • the OLT uses the delimiter to match the received uplink burst frame.
  • the match is successful, the OLT can know the start position of the data in the burst frame and complete the synchronization operation.
  • six delimiter fields are defined, and the user can select one of them according to the requirements for configuration.
  • the current GPON system defines an error probability of It) 4 and P(lost_burst) ⁇ 10 -1 °.
  • the delimiters given in the G984.3 standard can only meet the requirements of existing GPON systems.
  • the next-generation GPON system since both the uplink and downlink transmission rates are increased and full-service is required, this has new requirements on the bit error rate of the channel and the receiver.
  • the 16-bit or 20-bit delimiter field given by the prior art has been difficult to meet the requirements of the next-generation GPON system, so it is necessary to propose a new burst delimiter field and a method for transmitting an uplink transmission frame.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for transmitting an uplink transmission frame in a passive optical network, so as to improve system flexibility and reduce an error probability.
  • the method includes:
  • the preamble is sent according to the allocated time slot
  • the non-zero value of the synchronous delimiter sent is the same as the number of zero values, and the number of non-zero values of the odd-numbered bits of the delimiter sequence is equal to the number of zero-values of the even-numbered bits, and even The number of non-zero values of the bit is equal to the number of zero-valued bits of the odd-numbered bits.
  • the odd-numbered zero-valued number is N
  • the even-numbered non-zero-valued number is M, then the relationship IN - M
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a device for transmitting an uplink transmission frame in a passive optical network, including: a preamble sending unit, configured to send a preamble according to an allocated time slot;
  • a synchronous delimiter transmitting unit for transmitting a burst synchronization delimiter
  • the transmitted delimiter non-zero value is the same as the zero value
  • the non-zero value of the odd bit of the delimiter sequence is equal to the even number
  • the number of zero values of the bit, and the number of non-zero values of the even bits is equal to the number of zeros of the odd bits; its odd bits (zero value
  • ⁇ l is satisfied, that is, the difference between ⁇ and M is not greater than 1; the number of consecutive zeros is X, and the number of non-zero consecutive numbers
  • ⁇ the relationship is satisfied as
  • a transmission aggregation layer frame header transmission unit is configured to send a transmission convergence layer frame header
  • the transmission convergence layer frame data transmission unit is configured to transmit transmission convergence layer frame data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for conforming to an uplink transmission frame applied to a next-generation GPON system, in which a better delimiter sequence is used, and the sequence provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively increase system flexibility and reduce The probability of error.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a GPON uplink burst frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting an uplink transmission frame of a passive optical network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the uplink transmission of the PON system transmits data through a time division multiplexed access method.
  • the uplink is divided into different time slots, and each ONU is allocated an uplink time slot according to an upstream bandwidth map field of the downlink frame, so that all ONUs can transmit their own data according to a certain order. There is no conflict caused in order to compete for time slots.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is described in conjunction with the GPON system.
  • the GPON uplink burst frame structure, and the GPON uplink burst frame is PLOu (Physical Layer Overhead upstream, uplink). Physical layer overhead), GTC (GPON Transmission Convergence) overhead (data frame header) and GTC payload (data payload) fields.
  • Guard Time is the guard time between burst frames and will be added to the frame header of the burst frame.
  • PLOu is the physical control header of the GPON burst frame, mainly for frame positioning, synchronization and identification of which ONU data this frame is.
  • PLOu consists of a Preamble (preamble), a Delimiter (burst delimiter), and a Burst Header.
  • GTC Overhead is the data header of the GTC framing sub-layer data packet, including PLOAMu (Physical Layer Operation Administration Maintenance upstream) and DBRu (Dynamic Bandwidth Report upstream).
  • PLOAMu mainly reports PLOAM messages of uplink data, mainly management messages such as maintenance and management status of the ONU.
  • DBRu is mainly to apply for the bandwidth of the next transmission, and complete the dynamic bandwidth allocation of the ONU.
  • the application may not include PLOAMu and DBRu per frame, but the OLT needs to negotiate with the ONU.
  • the GTC payload is the data payload, which can be a DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment) status report or a data frame. If it is a data frame, it can be divided into GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method) header and Frame.
  • DBA Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment
  • GEM GPON Encapsulation Method
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a method for transmitting an uplink transmission frame by a passive optical network.
  • the preamble is sent according to the allocated time slot.
  • the preamble preferentially selects the sequence of the sequence 1010 1010... hexadecimal is 0x AA. . . .
  • the non-zero value of the synchronous delimiter sent is the same as the number of zero values, and the number of non-zero values of the odd-numbered bits of the delimiter sequence is equal to the number of zero-values of the even-numbered bits.
  • the number of non-zero values of even bits is equal to the number of zeros of odd bits; the number of zeros of odd bits (or even bits) is N, and the number of non-zero values of odd bits (or even bits) is M, then it satisfies The relationship IN - M
  • system differentiation can be increased.
  • the uplink transmission rate is determined.
  • Delimiter instructions A and B corresponding to the two rates are defined in PLOAMd: A is 2.5 Gbps and B. It is 10Gbps.
  • the determination of the rate is completed before step S102.
  • the upstream transmission rate is determined before the burst delimiter is sent.
  • the preamble, delimiter and pre-delay of the physical control header of the ONU uplink burst frame of the GPON system are all formulated according to the parameters included in the Upstream_Overhead sent by the OLT.
  • the role of the delimiter of the ONU uplink burst frame is to enable the OLT receiver to correctly synchronize with the uplink burst frame sent by the ONU. Incorrect burst frame synchronization can cause the system to grow in delay, and more severely, the OLT receiver will be paralyzed, so the chosen delimiter should reduce the probability of error synchronization as much as possible. Since the delimiter is not FEC encoded, the delimiter is not FEC protected. Therefore, the autocorrelation of the delimiter is required to be large and the correlation value with the shift sequence is as small as possible, that is, the minimum Hamming distance between the delimiter and the preamble and the delimiter is as large as possible. Big.
  • the bit error rate is relatively high due to noise interference during channel transmission. This requires the OLT receiver to set an acceptable error value without affecting the synchronization performance, thereby increasing the synchronization probability of burst frame synchronization or shortening the delay caused by synchronization.
  • the acceptable error value is the bit error threshold, for example, L is the length of the burst delimiter.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a set of delimiter sequences suitable for a next-generation GPON system, wherein if the delimiter sequence is DC Balance, that is, the non-zero value is the same as the zero value, and the delimiter
  • the number of non-zero values of the odd-numbered bits of the sequence is equal to the number of zero-values of the even-numbered bits, and the number of non-zero-valued values of the even-numbered bits is equal to the number of zero-valued bits of the odd-numbered bits; the number of odd-numbered bits is N, and the odd-numbered bits are non- If the number of zero values is M, then the relationship IN - M
  • the system can effectively reduce the erroneous synchronization locking probability of the uplink burst frame burst synchronization sent by the OLT receiving end and the ONU without increasing the corresponding complexity.
  • the OLT selects the corresponding delimiter sequence from Table 1 according to the requirements of different systems.
  • the next-generation GPON system can select a sequence of 32 bits defined as Ox A56679E0 (binary is 10100101011001100111100111100000)row
  • Ox A56679E0 binary is 10100101011001100111100111100000
  • the ONU sets the synchronization delimiter of its uplink burst frame according to the delimiter in Upstream_Overhead received in PLOAMd.
  • nBmB encoding may be used in its upstream transmission.
  • the principle of nBmB encoding is that n-bit data is encoded to form a m-bit codeword, and the encoded code stream satisfies requirements such as DC balance, continuous 0, and number of consecutive 1s.
  • the nBmB code is generally divided into two parts: data and control. For data, n bits of data correspond to m bits of codewords. For uplink burst frames, GTC uses nBmB encoding. To make the delimiter have better characteristics, the delimiter can consist of one or more codewords in the nBmB encoding.
  • the delimiter described in the embodiment of the present invention can be generated according to the 9B10B coding method.
  • Table 2 provides a set of delimiters consistent with embodiments of the present invention, and this set of delimiters consists of 9B10B encoded code words.
  • the 30-bit delimiter sequence provided in Table 2 is composed of three 10-bit 9B10B coded code words, that is, the correlation between the three 10-bit characters and the codeword generated by 9B10B coding is small, and it is easy to distinguish .
  • the 40-bit delimiter provided in Table 2 consists of four 10-bit 10-bit codewords.
  • the delimiter sequence provided in Table 2 is generated by the 9B10B encoding.
  • the 9B sequence corresponding to 10B can be added to the transmitting end, and then generated by the 9B10B encoding of the ONU transmitting end. Delimiter.
  • Table 1 and Table 2 of the delimiter sequence provided by the first embodiment of the present invention are based on a sequence of preambles 1010 1010... (consisting of 10 cycles); if the preamble sequence is changed to 0101 0101... (01 loop By composing the sequence, the sequence obtained by negating the binary sequence provided by the above embodiment also satisfies the burst synchronization delimiter characteristic of the present invention. For example, 111110000101001010011001 is reversed to 000001111010110101100110.
  • Table 3 provides a sequence of burst synchronization delimiters that satisfies this embodiment.
  • Table 4 provides a burst synchronization delimiter sequence that satisfies the present embodiment.
  • Bit length delimiter sequence (binary) delimiter sequence (hexadecimal)
  • the application function selection instruction is detected before the burst delimiter is transmitted, and the predetermined burst delimiter is selected according to the application function selection instruction.
  • the OLT can define two delimiter commands C and D that are enabled by the difference function in PLOAMd: C is carrying a certain function, D is not having this function or this function is not turned on.
  • C is carrying a certain function
  • D is not having this function or this function is not turned on.
  • the ONU detects the C command, it adds a 32-bit delimiter sequence provided by the present invention: Ox AD4CC30F (the binary sequence is: 10101101010011001100001100001111), indicating that there is an FEC function between the OLT and the ONU; if the D command is detected, the sequence is added.
  • the 32-bit delimiter sequence provided by the present invention Ox A56679E0 (the binary sequence is 10100101011001100111100111100000), this sequence indicates that there is no FEC function between the OLT and the ONU, or the FEC function does not need to be turned on. sequence.
  • the line coding mechanism instruction is detected before the burst delimiter is transmitted, and the predetermined burst delimiter is selected according to the line coding mechanism instruction.
  • the next generation GPON system can support at least one of 9B10B encoding and NRZ modulation.
  • the OLT may define delimiter instructions E and F corresponding to the two mechanisms in PLOAMd: E corresponds to 9B 10B encoding mechanism and F corresponds to NRZ modulation mechanism.
  • the ONU adds a delimiter after detecting the corresponding instruction.
  • the delimiter sequence provided by the present invention is added with a length of 40 bits: Ox BF05224F39 (the binary sequence is: 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001); if the F command is detected, Adding a delimiter sequence provided by the present invention with a length of 32 bits: Ox A56679E0 (binary 10100101011001100111100111100000) originate or the ONU may be added to the uplink burst frame according to the delimiter sequence defined in the PLOAMd instruction sent by the OLT, where the OLT is ONU encoding
  • the mechanism sends a corresponding delimiter sequence; if it detects that the ONU end is 9B10B encoding, a delimiter sequence provided by the present invention is added with a length of 40 bits: Ox BF05224F39 (binary sequence: 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001); if the ONU end is detected
  • the NRZ modulation scheme then adds a delimiter
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for conforming to an uplink transmission frame applied to a next-generation GPON system, in which a better delimiter sequence is used, and the sequence provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively increase system flexibility.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a device for transmitting an uplink transmission frame in a passive optical network, which can be used as an optical network unit in an application.
  • the apparatus 30 for transmitting an uplink transmission frame in a passive optical network includes: a preamble transmission unit 301, a synchronization delimiter transmission unit 303, a burst header transmission unit 305, and a transmission convergence layer frame header transmission unit. 307 and a transmission convergence layer frame data transmitting unit 309.
  • the preamble transmitting unit 301 transmits the preamble in the allocated time slot.
  • the preamble preferentially selects a sequence of 1010 1010.. (consisting of 10 cycles) (hexadecimal 0x AA. . . ).
  • the synchronous delimiter transmitting unit 303 transmits a burst synchronization delimiter, the non-zero value of the transmitted synchronous delimiter is the same as the number of zero values, and the non-zero value of the odd bit of the delimiter sequence
  • the number is equal to the number of zeros of the even digits, and the number of non-zero values of the even digits is equal to the number of zeros of the odd digits; the number of odd-numbered bits (or even-numbered bits) is N, odd-numbered bits (or even-numbered bits)
  • the number of non-zero values is M, then the relationship IN - M
  • the burst header transmission unit 305 is configured to transmit a burst header.
  • the transmission convergence layer frame header transmission unit 307 is configured to transmit a transmission convergence layer frame header.
  • the transmission aggregation layer frame data transmitting unit 309 is configured to transmit transmission convergence layer frame data.
  • the instruction detecting unit 311 is configured to detect instruction information in a downlink broadcast frame sent by the optical line terminal, and the synchronization delimiter transmitting unit 303 selects a predetermined synchronization and delimitation according to the instruction information.
  • the symbol is sent.
  • the instruction information here may be an application function selection instruction or an application function selection instruction or an uplink transmission rate information, and the application may also carry two or three of the above information at the same time.
  • the burst synchronization delimiter sent by the synchronous delimiter transmitting unit 303 is expressed in hexadecimal as: A56679E0, and the burst delimiter is expressed in binary: 10100101011001100111100111100000; Or
  • the burst synchronization delimiter is expressed in hexadecimal as: BF05224F39, and the burst delimiter is expressed in binary: 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001.
  • the burst delimiter sent by the sync delimiter transmitting unit 303 is one of the following hexadecimal sequences:
  • the sequence obtained by inverting the sequence provided by the above embodiment is used, which also satisfies the burst synchronization delimitation of the present invention.
  • Character For example, 111110000101001010011001 is reversed to 000001111010110101100110.
  • the apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention provides a delimiter sequence conforming to the next-generation GPON system, and the sequence provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively increase the system flexibility.

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Description

无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的方法及设备 技术领域
本发明涉及无源光网络技术， 特别是涉及无源光网络中发送上行传送帧方 法及设备。 背景技术
无源光网络（ Passive Optical Network , PON )由于其易维护、 高带宽、 低 成本等优点成为光接入技术的佼佼者， 是通过单一平台综合接入语音、 数据、 视频等多种业务的理想物理平台。 PON技术是点到多点 （Point to Multipoint , Ρ2ΜΡ ) 的光纤接入技术。 PON由光线路终端 （ Optical Line Terminal, OLT ) 、 光网络单元（Opitcal Network Unit, ONU )和光分配网络（Optical Distribution Network, ODN ) 组成， 其优点来源于 ODN中的无源光分 /合路器 ( Splitter/Coupler ) , 因而 PON不需要使用具有放大和中继功能的元器件。 由于 PON釆用点对多点的拓朴结构， 所以必须釆用点对多点多址接入协议使得众多 的 ONU能共享 OLT和主干光纤。 PON***中约定， 数据从 OLT到 ONU的方向为 下行方向， 从 ONU到 OLT的方向为上行方向。 目前从承载的内容来分类， PON 可分为多种， 其中吉比特光纤接入网 （ Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network, GPON ) 较为重要的一种。 GPON***釆用波分复用 （ Wavelength Division Multiplexing, WDM )技术， 实现单纤双向传输。 为了分离同一根光纤上多个 用户的来去方向的信号， 下行数据流釆用广播技术； 上行数据流釆用时分复用 多址接入 ( Time Division Multiple Access, TDMA )技术。
GPON在上行方向的传输为突发模式。 各个 ONU根据 OLT分配的特定的时 隙向 OLT发送数据。 OLT接收各个 ONU的数据时， 需要先进行同步， 获得 ONU 发送数据帧的起始位置后才能开始接收数据。 在 ITU-T G.984.3标准中给出了上 行突发接收的同步机制。 在 GPON上行突发帧的前部设置前导码（ Preamble )和 定界符 ( Delimiter )字段。 OLT利用这两个字段完成上行突发帧的接收同步。
前导码字段是一串二进制序列， 便于 OLT接收端进行自动增益控制、 时钟 恢复和同步接收。 OLT在接收上行突发帧时， 利用定界符和所接收的上行突发 帧进行匹配， 当匹配成功后， OLT则可获知此突发帧中数据的起始位置， 完成 同步操作。 在现有方案定义了六种的定界符字段， 用户可根据需求选用其中一 种进行配置。
目前的 GPON***所定义的错误概率为 It) 4, 且 P(lost— burst)≤10-1°。 G984.3 标准给出的定界符只可以满足现有 GPON***的要求。但是在下一代的 GPON系 统中， 由于其上行和下行传输速率都要提高并要求支持全业务， 这就对信道和 接收端的误码率都有了新的要求。 现有技术给出的长度为 16比特或 20比特的定 界符字段已经很难满足下一代 GPON***的要求， 因此需要提出一种新的突发 定界符字段和发送上行传送帧的方法 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种发送无源光网络中上行传送帧的方法， 以提高*** 的灵活度， 降低错误概率。
所述方法包括：
当链接成功后， 按分配的时隙发送前导码；
发送突发同步定界符， 所发送的同步定界符非零值与零值个数相同， 并且 定界符序列的奇数位的非零值个数 等于 偶数位的 零值 个数， 并且偶数位的 非零值个数等于奇数位的零值个数， 其奇数位零值个数为 N, 偶数位非零值个 数为 M, 则满足关系 IN - M|≤l , 其连零个数为 X, 非零的连续个数为 Y, 则满 足关系为 | — y|≤i ; 然后依次发送突发帧头、 传输会聚层帧帧头及发送传输会聚层帧数据。 同时本发明实施例提供一种无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的设备， 包括： 前导码发送单元， 用于按分配的时隙发送前导码；
同步定界符发送单元， 用于发送突发同步定界符， 所发送的同步定界符非 零值与零值个数相同， 并且定界符序列的奇数位的非零值个数等于偶数位的零 值个数， 并且偶数位的非零值个数等于奇数位的零值个数； 其奇数位（零值个 数为 N, 奇数位非零值个数为 M, 则满足关系 |N- M|≤l , 即 Ν与 M的差值不 大于 1 ; 其连零个数为 X, 非零的连续个数为 γ, 则满足关系为 | - y|≤i ; 突发帧头发送单元用于发送突发帧头；
传输汇聚层帧帧头发送单元用于发送传输会聚层帧帧头；
传输汇聚层帧数据发送单元用于发送传输会聚层帧数据。
本发明实施例提供了符合应用于下一代 GPON***的上行传送帧的方法， 其中釆用了更优的定界符序列， 并且本发明实施例所提供的序列可有效的增加 ***灵活度， 降低错误概率。 附图说明 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付 出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明实施例 GPON上行突发帧结构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例应发送无源光网络上行传送帧的方法流程图；
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是 全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
PON***的上行传输是通过时分复用的接入方式来传送数据的。 上行链路 被分成不同的时隙，根据下行帧的上行带宽分布图信息 (upstream bandwidth map) 字段来给每个 ONU分配上行时隙，这样所有的 ONU就可以按照一定的秩序发 送自己的数据， 不会产生为了争夺时隙而造成冲突。
本发明实施例结合 GPON***进行说明， 如图 1所示， GPON上行突发帧 结构， GPON上行的突发帧由 PLOu ( Physical Layer Overhead upstream, 上行 物理层开销）， GTC (GPON Transmission Convergence, GPON传输会聚层） overhead (数据帧头）和 GTC payload (数据净荷） 字段构成。 Guard Time 即突发帧之间的保护时间， 将被添加在突发帧的帧头。
PLOu即是 GPON突发帧的物理控制头， 主要为了帧定位、 同步和标识此 帧是哪个 ONU的数据。 PLOu由 Preamble (前导码）、 Delimiter (突发定界符 ) 和 Burst Header (突发帧头 )组成。 GTC Overhead为 GTC成帧子层数据封包 的数据†贞头 ,包括 PLOAMu (Physical Layer Operation Administration Maintenance upstream, 上行物理层操作管理维护） 和 DBRu (Dynamic Bandwidth Report upstream, 动态带宽报告）。 PLOAMu主要上报上行数据的 PLOAM消息， 主 要是 ONU的维护、 管理状态等管理消息。 DBRu主要是为给下一次传输申请带 宽， 完成 ONU 的动态带宽分配。 应用中可能不是每帧都包含了 PLOAMu和 DBRu,但是需要 OLT与 ONU协商。 GTC payload 即是数据静荷，可以是 DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment, 动态带宽分配）状态报告也可以是数据帧。如 果是数据帧的话， 可以分为 GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method, GPON封装方 法) header和 Frame。
图 2所示应用于无源光网络发送上行传送帧的方法流程图。
5101 , 按分配的时隙发送前导码； 具体实施中， 前导码优先选择二进制序 列为 1010 1010...的序歹 ' 十六进制为 0x AA. . .)。
5102,发送突发同步定界符，所发送的同步定界符非零值与零值个数相同， 并且定界符序列的奇数位的非零值个数等于偶数位的零值个数， 并且偶数位的 非零值个数等于奇数位的零值个数； 其奇数位 (或偶数位 )零值个数为 N, 奇 数位 (或偶数位 )非零值个数为 M, 则满足关系 IN - M|≤ 1 , 即 Ν与 M的差值 不大于 1 ; 其连零个数为 X, 非零的连续个数为 Y, 则满足关系为 | - Γ|≤1。
5103 , 发送突发帧头， 用于检测链路误码率、 标识 ONU-ID和 ONU的实 时状态报告。
5104, 发送传输会聚层帧帧头； S105, 发送传输会聚层帧数据。
在具体的实施中， 可以增加***区分， 当需要选择传输速率的情况下确定 上行的传输速率， 在 PLOAMd中定义与两种速率相对应的定界符指令 A和 B: A为 2.5Gbps和 B为 10Gbps。 对速率的确定在步骤 S102前完成即可。 在发送 突发定界符前确定上行传输速率。
GPON***的 ONU上行突发帧的物理控制头的前导码、 定界符和预时延 等都是按照 OLT所发送的 Upstream— Overhead包含的参数进行制定。 ONU上行 突发帧的定界符的作用是使 OLT接收端与 ONU所发送的上行突发帧正确同步。 错误的突发帧同步会导致***的时延增长、 更严重的会导致 OLT接收端瘫痪， 因此所选用的定界符应该把错误同步的概率尽可能的降低。 由于定界符是不经 过 FEC编码的即定界符是没有 FEC保护的。 所以要求定界符的自相关性大并 且与其移位序列的相关值尽可能的小， 即定界符与前导码和定界符所组成的之 间的移位序列最小汉明距离尽可能的大。
由于定界符是不受 FEC编码保护的 ,而在信道传输过程中由于噪声的干扰， 误码率比较高。 这就要求 OLT接收端在不影响同步性能的条件下， 设定一个可 接受的误码值从而提高突发帧同步的同步概率或缩短因同步而产生的时延。 这
L
个可接受的误码值就是比特错误门限， 比如为 , L为突发定界符的长度。 本发明实施例提供了一组适用于下一代 GPON***的定界符序列， 其中， 如果定界符序列为 DC Balance (直流平衡）， 即非零值与零值个数相同， 并且 定界符序列的奇数位的非零值个数等于偶数位的零值个数， 并且偶数位的非零 值个数等于奇数位的零值个数； 其奇数位零值个数为 N, 奇数位非零值个数为 M, 则满足关系 IN - M|≤l , 即 Ν与 M的差值不大于 1 ; 其连零个数为 X, 非 零的连续个数为 Y, 则满足关系为 | - y|≤i。 如表一所示与前导码为 1010 1010... ( 10循环组成）时匹配的定界符序列，
L - 1
即定界符与其移位序列之间的最小汉明距值为 ( L为突发定界符的长度）, 使得***在不增加相应复杂度的情况下， 有效的降低 OLT接收端与 ONU所发 送的上行突发帧突发同步的错误同步锁定概率。
表一 本发明实施例提供的定界符序列
Figure imgf000008_0001
OLT按照不同***的要求从表一中选取相对应的定界符序列。 如下一代 GPON ***可选择长度为 32 比特的定义为 Ox A56679E0 的序列 （二进制为 10100101011001100111100111100000 )„ 一种具体实现方式为 OLT发送端将此序列定义在 Upstream— Overhead中， 然后 OLT把定义好的 Upstream— Overhead嵌入到下行的 PLOAMd指令中。 ONU 根据所接收到 PLOAMd中的 Upstream— Overhead里的定界符，设定其上行突发 帧的同步定界符。
本发明实施例给出了定界符生成的另外一种方法。在 PON***中， 为了便 于同步和时钟恢复， 都釆用了线路编码技术。 在其上行传输中可能釆用 nBmB 编码。 nBmB编码的原理是 n比特的数据经过编码后形成 m比特的码字， 编码 后的码流满足直流平衡、 连续 0和连续 1的个数尽量少等要求。 nBmB编码一 般分为数据和控制两个部分。 对于数据， n比特的数据对应 m比特的码字。 对 于上行突发帧， GTC会釆用 nBmB编码， 为了使得定界符有更好的特性， 定界 符可以由 nBmB编码中的一个或多个码字组成。
如果 PON***釆用 9B10B线路编码机制 , 则可以按 9B10B编码方法生成 本发明实施例所述的定界符。表二提供了一组符合本发明实施例所述的定界符， 并且此组定界符由 9B10B编码的码字所组成。
表二 本发明实施例提供的定界符序列
Figure imgf000009_0001
表二所提供的 30比特的定界符序列由 3个 10比特的 9B10B编码的码字组 成， 即此 3个 10比特字符与由 9B10B编码生成的码字的相关性小， 易于区另' J。 同理，表二所提供的 40比特的定界符则由 4个 10比特的 10比特码字组成。 由 于表二所提供的定界符序列是由 9B10B编码生成， 除了现有添加定界符序列 的方法之外， 可以在发送端添加与 10B相对应的 9B序列， 然后经过 ONU发送 端的 9B10B编码生成定界符。
本发明实施例一所提供的定界符序列表一和表二都是基于前导码 1010 1010... (由 10循环组成）序列的； 如果前导码序列改为 0101 0101... ( 01 循环组成）序列， 则釆用上述实施例所提供的二进制序列取反所得到的序列， 同样满足本发明所述的突发同步定界符特性。 例如 111110000101001010011001 取反为 000001111010110101100110。
如果前导码序列为由于多个 10111011010100100001111000100110序例 (其 十六进制序列为 Ox BB52 1E26 )首尾相接而成 ， 则表三提供了满足本实施 例的突发同步定界符序列。
表三 本发明实施例提供的定界符序列
Figure imgf000010_0001
如果前导码序列为由于多个 11101101010010000111100010011010序列（其 十六进制序列为 0x ED48 789A )首尾相接而成 ， 则表四提供了满足本实施例 的突发同步定界符序列。
表四 本发明实施例提供的定界符序列
比特长度 定界符序列 （二进制） 定界符序列（十六进制）
32 10110111110001110110010100010000 B7C7 6510
11001010001001010110111100001110 CA25 6F0E
01100101000100011011011110000111 6511 B787
01110101000100001011011111000110 7510 B7C6 11011011110000110011001010001001 DBC3 3289
11101100101000110001011011110000 EC A3 16F0 进一步， 可以使用不同的定界符序列区分是否开启了某种应用功能， 比如
FEC编码。
在发送突发定界符前检测应用功能选择指令， 并根据应用功能选择指令选 择预定的突发定界符。
例如 OLT可以在 PLOAMd中定义区别功能开启的两种定界符指令 C和 D： C为携带了某种功能、 D为没有此功能或此功能没有开启。 比如 ONU检测到 C 指令则添加长度为 32比特的由本发明提供的定界符序列： Ox AD4CC30F (二 进制序列为： 10101101010011001100001100001111 ), 表明 OLT与 ONU之间有 FEC功能； 如检测到 D指令后则添加长度为 32比特的由本发明提供的定界符 序列： Ox A56679E0 (二进制序列为 10100101011001100111100111100000 ), 这个序列表明 OLT与 ONU之间没有 FEC功能， 或不需要开启 FEC功能。 序列。
所以在发送突发定界符前检测线路编码机制指令， 并根据线路编码机制指 令选择预定的突发定界符。
例如下一代的 GPON***可支持 9B10B编码和 NRZ调制两种方式的至少 一种。 如 OLT可以在 PLOAMd中定义与两种机制相对应的定界符指令 E和 F: E对应为 9B 10B编码机制和 F对应为 NRZ调制机制。 ONU检测到相应的指令 后添加定界符， 如检测到 E指令则添加长度为 40比特的由本发明提供的定界 符 序 列 ： Ox BF05224F39 ( 二 进 制 序 列 为 ： 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001 );如检测到 F指令后则添加长度 为 32 比特的由本发明提供的定界符序列： Ox A56679E0 (二进制 10100101011001100111100111100000 )„ 或者 ONU可按 OLT发送的 PLOAMd 指令中所定义的定界符序列添加到上行突发帧中， 其中 OLT根据 ONU的编码 机制发送相对应的定界符序列； 如检测到 ONU端为 9B10B编码则添加长度为 40 比特的由本发明提供的定界符序列： Ox BF05224F39 (二进制序列为： 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001 ); 如检测到 ONU端为 NRZ调 制机制则添加长度为 32比特的由本发明提供的定界符序列： 0x A56679E0 (二 进制 10100101011001100111100111100000 )。
本发明实施例提供了符合应用于下一代 GPON***的上行传送帧的方法， 其中釆用了更优的定界符序列， 并且本发明实施例所提供的序列可有效的增加 ***灵活度。
同时本发明实施例提供了一种无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的设备， 应用 中可以用作光网络单元。 如图 3所示， 无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的设备 30 的结构框图。 在本实施例中， 无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的设备 30包括： 前 导码发送单元 301 , 同步定界符发送单元 303 , 突发帧头发送单元 305 , 传输汇 聚层帧帧头发送单元 307以及传输汇聚层帧数据发送单元 309。
前导码发送单元 301按分配的时隙发送前导码。 具体实施中， 前导码优先 选择二进制序列为 1010 1010.. .(由 10循环组成）的序列（十六进制为 0x AA. . .)。
在发送完前导码后同步定界符发送单元 303发送突发同步定界符， 所发送 的同步定界符非零值与零值个数相同， 并且定界符序列的奇数位的非零值个数 等于偶数位的零值个数， 并且偶数位的非零值个数等于奇数位的零值个数； 其 奇数位 (或偶数位 )零值个数为 N, 奇数位 (或偶数位 )非零值个数为 M, 则 满足关系 IN - M|≤l , 即 Ν与 M的差值不大于 1 ; 其连零个数为 X, 非零的连 续个数为 γ , 则满足关系为 | - y|≤ 1。
突发帧头发送单元 305用于发送突发帧头。
传输汇聚层帧帧头发送单元 307用于发送传输会聚层帧帧头。
传输汇聚层帧数据发送单元 309用于发送传输会聚层帧数据。
进一步包括， 指令检测单元 311 , 用于检测光线路终端发送的下行广播帧 中的指令信息， 同步定界符发送单元 303根据该指令信息选择预定的同步定界 符进行发送。 这里的指令信息可以为应用功能选择指令或者应用功能选择指令 或者上行传输速率信息， 应用中也可以 同时携带上述信息中的 2个或 3个。
当前导码为 1010 1010... 序列时， 同步定界符发送单元 303发送的突发同 步定界符用十六进制表示为： A56679E0 , 该突发定界符用二进制表示为： 10100101011001100111100111100000; 或
所述突发同步定界符用十六进制表示为： BF05224F39, 该突发定界符用二 进制表示为： 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001。
当前导码为 1010 1010... 序列时， 同步定界符发送单元 303发送的突发同 步定界符为下列十六进制序列之一：
F85299, 83D699、 B7690F0, 3BD42C9, 2F760D21 , 08367A57, 9B52FC60,
B94F9606、 AD4CC30F、 A5F6870CC, A05F33969、 FA9561A4CC、 BF64638169、 A1C10DEED1B 、 EE6504B960F 、 AD48167E33C 、 ADF52906E4C3 、 A549F27BCC0C, 3319 234F、 82 5F1E A5CC, Al 7093 1EF6, BF 16CE 0469, 8F 4F68 4699。
如果前导码序列改为 0101 0101... ( 01循环组成）序列， 则釆用上述实施 例所提供的序列在二进制下取反所得到的序列， 同样满足本发明所述的突发同 步 定 界 符 特 性 。 例 如 111110000101001010011001 取 反 为 000001111010110101100110。
本发明实施例的装置提供了符合应用于下一代 GPON***的定界符序列， 并且本发明实施例所提供的序列可有效的增加***灵活度。
以上所述， 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局 限于此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易 想到的变化或设定， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护 范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种发送无源光网络中上行传送帧的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括： 当链接成功后， 按分配的时隙发送前导码；
发送突发同步定界符， 所发送的同步定界符非零值与零值个数相同， 并且 定界符序列的奇数位的非零值个数等于 偶数位的零值个数，并且偶数位的非零 值个数等于奇数位的零值个数， 其奇数位零值个数为 N, 偶数位非零值个数为 M, 则满足关系 IN - M|≤l , 其零的连续个数为 X, 非零的连续个数为 Y， 则满 足关系为 | — F|≤l ;
依次发送突发帧头、 传输会聚层帧帧头及传输会聚层帧数据。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 当前导码为 10循环组成的序 列时， 所述突发同步定界符用十六进制表示为： A56679E0, 该突发定界符用二 进制表示为： 10100101011001100111100111100000; 或
所述突发同步定界符用十六进制表示为： BF05224F39, 该突发定界符用二 进制表示为： 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001 ο
3、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 当前导码为 10循环组成的序 列时， 所述突发同步定界符为下列十六进制序列之一：
F85299, 83D699, B7690F0, 3BD42C9、 2F760D2K 08367A57、 9B52FC60、 B94F9606、 AD4CC30F、 A5F6870CC, A05F33969、 FA9561A4CC, BF64638169, A1C10DEED1B 、 EE6504B960F 、 AD48167E33C 、 ADF52906E4C3 、 A549F27BCC0C, 3319 234F、 82 5F1E A5CC, Al 7093 1EF6、 BF 16CE 0469、 8F 4F68 4699。
4、 如权利要求 2或 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 当前导码为为 01循环组 成的序列时， 所述突发同步定界符通过在二进制下进行取反获得的序列。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 如果前导码为由多个 10111011010100100001111000100110序例首尾相接而成， 则所述突发同步定界 符用十六进制表示为： 7C76 510B、 0B78 7751、 7976 510B。
12
修改页 （条约第 19条)
6、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 如果前导码为由 11101101010010000111100010011010多个序例首尾相接而成， 则所述突发同步 定界符用十六进制表示为： B7C7 6510、 CA25 6F0E, 6511 B787, 7510 B7C6, DBC3 3289、 ECA3 16F0。
7、如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法在发送突发定界符前 还包括： 检测光线路终端发送的下行广播帧， 从光线路终端发送的下行物理层 操作管理维护指令中获得携带的定界符信息。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法， 其特征在于， 根据所述光线路终端发送的下 行物理层操作管理維护指令中携带的定界符信息选择具体突发定界符。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所迷方法还包括：
在发送突发定界符前检测应用功能选择指令， 并根据应用功能选择指令选 择预定的突发定界符。
10、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括：
发送突发定界符前检测应用功能选择指令， 并根据线路编码机制指令选择 预定的突发定界。
11、 一种无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的设备， 其特征在于， 所述设备包 括：
前导码发送单元， 用于按分配的时隙发送前导码；
同步定界符发送单元， 用于发送突发同步定界符， 所发送的同步定界符非 零值与零值个数相同， 并且定界符序列的奇数位的非零值个数等于偶数位的零 值个数， 并且偶数位的非零值个数等于奇数位的零值个数； 其奇数位（零值个 数为 N， 奇数位非零值个数为 M, 则满足关系 IN- M|≤l， 即 Ν与 M的差值不 大于 1; 其连零个数为 x， 非零的连续个数为 Y, 则满足关系为 | - : ≤ι; 突发帧头发送单元， 用于发送突发帧头；
传输汇聚层帧帧头发送单元， 用于发送传输会聚层帧帧头；
13
修改页 （条约第 19条） 传输汇聚层帧数据发送单元， 用于发送传输会聚层帧数据。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述装置还包括：
指令检测单元， 用于检测光线路终端发送的下行广播帧中的指令信息， 同 步定界符发送单元根据该指令信息选择预定的同步定界符进行发送。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的设备， 其特征在于， 当前导码为 10循环組成的 为 ： A56679E0 , 该 突 发 定 界 符 用 二 进 制 表 示 为 ： 10100101011001100111100111100000; 或
所述突发同步定界符用十六进制表示为： BF05224F39, 该突发定界符用二 进制表示为： 1011111100000101001000100100111100111001。
14、如权利要求 11所述的设备，其特征在于，当前导码为 10循环组成的 序 之一：
F85299、 83D699、 B7690F0, 3BD42C9、 2F760D2 08367A57, 9B52FC60、 B94F9606、 AD4CC30F、 A5F6870CC, A05F33969、 FA9561A4CC、 BF64638169、 A1C10DEED1B 、 EE6504B960F 、 AD48167E33C 、 ADF52906E4C3 、 A549F27BCC0C、 3319234F、 825F1EA5CC A170931EF6 , BF16CE0469、 8F4F684699。
14
修改页 （条约第 19条)
PCT/CN2009/070585 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 无源光网络中发送上行传送帧的方法及设备 WO2010096969A1 (zh)

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EP09840652.3A EP2398165B1 (en) 2009-02-27 2009-10-19 Method and device for transmitting an upstream transmission frame in a passive optical network
PT98406523T PT2398165E (pt) 2009-02-27 2009-10-19 Método e dispositivo para a transmissão de uma trama de transmissão em ligação ascendente numa rede ótica passiva
ES09840652.3T ES2513395T3 (es) 2009-02-27 2009-10-19 Método y dispositivo para transmitir una trama de transmisión aguas arriba en una red óptica pasiva
BRPI0924381-0A BRPI0924381B1 (pt) 2009-02-27 2009-10-19 Método e dispositivo para enviar quadro de transferência a montante em rede óptica passiva, e quadro de rajada a montante de uma rede óptica passiva capaz de gigabit
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US13/219,075 US8259734B2 (en) 2009-02-27 2011-08-26 Method and device for sending upstream transfer frame in passive optical network
US13/270,035 US8331379B2 (en) 2009-02-27 2011-10-10 Method and device for sending upstream transfer frame in passive optical network
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