WO2010092196A2 - Hydrojet cutting head comprising five infinitely rotating axes - Google Patents

Hydrojet cutting head comprising five infinitely rotating axes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010092196A2
WO2010092196A2 PCT/ES2009/070026 ES2009070026W WO2010092196A2 WO 2010092196 A2 WO2010092196 A2 WO 2010092196A2 ES 2009070026 W ES2009070026 W ES 2009070026W WO 2010092196 A2 WO2010092196 A2 WO 2010092196A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
head
abrasive
cutting
axes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2009/070026
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
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WO2010092196A3 (en
Inventor
Emilio Mateu Sentamans
Original Assignee
Emilio Mateu Sentamans
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emilio Mateu Sentamans filed Critical Emilio Mateu Sentamans
Priority to PCT/ES2009/070026 priority Critical patent/WO2010092196A2/en
Priority to ES201090071A priority patent/ES2410055B1/en
Priority to EP09839918.1A priority patent/EP2397286A4/en
Publication of WO2010092196A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010092196A2/en
Publication of WO2010092196A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010092196A3/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B24C3/04—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other stationary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier

Definitions

  • the invention protected in this patent consists of a water jet cutting head with five axes of infinite rotation to cut three-dimensional planes of various rigid materials (metals, stone, ceramics, wood, etc.) by using an abrasive , and soft materials (rubber, food, foam, etc.) through the use of pure water
  • a head consisting of three main parts: a head base with a swivel base, a nozzle holder and a cutting nozzle that can continuously rotate infinitely along its axis vertical - C axis - and up to 360 Q sexagesimal on its inclined axis - A axis -.
  • Water cutting is a technical sector of hard materials treatment
  • pressurized water for water cutting including abrasive cutting
  • abrasive cutting is already a technique known for its virtues of cleaning, precision, flexibility of materials and production, ability to work in aggressive environments as well as the non-thermal deformation of The products worked.
  • high pressure water and “water jet” included in the present invention are understood to include all types of fluids at high pressure, including but not limited to high pressure water and the water-abrasive mixture).
  • a cut produced by a jet such as a water jet and abrasive
  • the conicity and delay angle of the water jet present in the final piece.
  • the conicity is defined as the angle that is formed due to the opening of the water jet when it hits the part.
  • the water jet delay angle exists due to the deviation of the water jet at the point of entry of the cutting part (upper plane) and the exit point (lower plane) in relation to the direction of cutting. These two characteristics are manifested as undesirable geometric anomalies, reducing the precision in the final piece. In situations where it is desirable to minimize or eliminate these two defects, conventional three-dimensional cutting systems are used.
  • a head for water jet cutting differentiated from the previous ones is achieved by two main characteristics: the infinite rotation of the head rotation base and the fixed position of the focal cutting point.
  • the existing configurations do not admit a fixed focal point of cut, which can be overcome by the configuration of the rotating axes (one vertical and the other at 45 Q of the first), which for high precision work can result in great inconvenience, and a rejection of the results obtained on products worked.
  • any orientation of the nozzle and a constant focal point is achieved.
  • Said optimum cut-off point is reached by the intersection of the two rotating axes (the first vertical - axis C - and the second at 45 Q of the first - axis A-).
  • the three linear axes are arranged on the bridge of the machine allowing displacements in the horizontal XY plane over the entire surface of the cutting table and vertical movements of the head in the Z direction.
  • the arrangement of the water and abrasive pipes inside the rotary head allows the infinite rotation of the head on the vertical axis C, also giving the head the possibility of incorporating accessories thereto, such as the height regulator and / or anti-collision, drill, threader or others.
  • this invention allows water jet cutting of three-dimensional pieces or angles and chamfers on flat surfaces without rewinding and according to work needs.
  • Another added advantage consists in the scope of any position and / or orientation of the nozzle above the horizontal plane of the cutting surface due to the configuration of the axes in the head, maintaining the fixed and constant focal point, and facilitating a follow-up. of optimal trajectory and precise work. Said configuration also allows the correction of defects in the final piece such as taper, water jet delay or other user-defined functionalities.
  • Figure 1 Sectional view of an assembly formed by a swivel base (1), a nozzle holder (2), a head base (3), a pressurized water conduit (4, 5), a receiver water inlet (6), an abrasive product conduit (7, 8), an abrasive receiver (9), a nozzle (10), a focalizer (11), and a rotary joint (12), with its two axes A and C.
  • Figure 2 Sectional view of an assembly formed by a swivel base (1), a nozzle holder (2), a head base (3), a pressurized water conduit (4, 5), a receiver water inlet (6), an abrasive product conduit (7, 8), an abrasive receiver (9), a nozzle (10), a focalizer (11), a rotary joint (12), a height regulator ( 13), and a regulator guide (14) with its two axes A and C.
  • Figure 3 Projection of an assembly formed by a water jet cutting head with five infinitely rotating axes working in positions of 0 Q and 180 Q sexagesimal for the inclined axis A.
  • Figure 4 View in profile, front and elevation of a water jet cutting head with five axes of infinite rotation.
  • Figure 5 Profile view of a water jet cutting head with five infinitely rotating axes working in different angular positions for the A axis. How to carry out the invention
  • the present invention provides a five-axis water jet cutting head of infinite rotation.
  • the head has its vertical movement along the vertical axis Z, perpendicular to the workpiece.
  • the head is mounted coupled to a bridge or arm that allows movement along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge.
  • the bridge is mounted on one or more rails to allow movement of the bridge in a direction perpendicular to its longitudinal axis in the horizontal plane. In this way, the head moves along the X, Y and Z axes, as is known in the state of the art, on the cutting surface.
  • the operation of the equipment starts from the geometry of the piece to be cut designed using a CADCAM program.
  • the generated CADCAM program file is a CNC code that is implemented on a numerical control machine. From the software, the user can define different parameters to take into account, such as cutting height, cutting speed, pressure, abrasive parameters, etc. With the numerical control machine, the movement of the linear and rotating axes of the head is controlled along the surface or worktable.
  • the water jet cutting head device with five axes of infinite rotation can be realized and arranged as follows: There is a set of three main parts articulated between them, a rotation base (1), a support of nozzle (2), and a head base (3). The latter and the turning base (1) are connected through a rotating joint (12).
  • the configuration of the C and A axes allows any orientation of the focuser keeping the focal point constant as a spinning top.
  • the movement of the set is given by two motors, one for each axis of rotation.
  • the first axis of rotation - C - is aligned with the Z axis of the longitudinal movement as is normally known in the state of the art and the second axis - A - which forms an angle of 45 Q sexagesimal with respect to the plane of the first.
  • a pressurized water conduit (4) and (5) is inserted, which flows into a water inlet receiver (6).
  • an abrasive product conduit (7, 8) is inserted, which is directed to an abrasive receiver (9), with a nozzle (10) where the water-abrasive combination is produced.
  • the water-abrasive mixture is directed through a focalizer (11) where the jet of the fluid leaves to cut the piece, arranged a few millimeters from the base of the nozzle, optimum point for water cutting.
  • the nozzle and its support must be easily accessible and removable from the head.
  • the nozzle is removable from its support by manual means, and the focalizer is removed from the nozzle in the same manner.
  • Said configuration of the five-axis head allows different applications, such as the compensation of the conicity angle and the delay angle of the water jet, the cutting of three-dimensional pieces and the cutting of flat pieces with angle, known in the technical sector as cutting in 2D V ⁇ .
  • the head follows the trajectory always maintaining the same distance from the base of the focalizer to the treated part.
  • the height on the Z axis remains constant, since it is a horizontal cut of flat pieces, with inclination of the angle A.
  • the head allows the coupling of a regulator in height (13) configurable by the user and a guide of the regulator (14) that allows controlling the distance from the base of the focalizer to the surface of the piece to be cut, either every certain time previously set, in certain positions, in each drilling, at any time continuously or others.
  • a regulator in height (13) configurable by the user
  • a guide of the regulator (14) that allows controlling the distance from the base of the focalizer to the surface of the piece to be cut, either every certain time previously set, in certain positions, in each drilling, at any time continuously or others.
  • accessories such as drill, threader or other devices used for different purposes could be attached.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrojet cutting head comprising five infinitely rotating axes, for cutting three-dimensional planes of rigid materials (metals, stone, ceramic, wood, etc.) and soft materials (rubber, food, foam, etc.) up to 360 sexagesimal degrees and with a fixed and constant focal point, in the form of a spinning top. Said head comprises a rotating base (1), a nozzle support (2), and a head base (3) which are interconnected by a rotary joint (12). A pressurised water line (4) and (5) ending in a water inflow receiver (6), and an abrasive product line (7, 8) leading towards an abrasive receiver (9) are inserted into said head base (3), where the water-abrasive combination is formed in the nozzle (10). Said water-abrasive mixture is guided through a concentrator (11) out of which blasts the fluid jet for cutting the piece.

Description

CABEZAL DE CORTE POR CHORRO DE AGUA CON CINCO EJES DE GIRO INFINITO WATER CUTTING HEAD WITH FIVE INFINITE TURNING AXLES
DESCRIPCIÓN Sector técnicoDESCRIPTION Technical sector
La invención que se protege en esta patente consiste en un cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito para cortar planos tridimensionales de diversos materiales rígidos (metales, piedra, cerámica, madera, etc.) mediante el uso de un abrasivo, y materiales blandos (goma, alimentos, espuma, etc.) mediante el uso de agua puraThe invention protected in this patent consists of a water jet cutting head with five axes of infinite rotation to cut three-dimensional planes of various rigid materials (metals, stone, ceramics, wood, etc.) by using an abrasive , and soft materials (rubber, food, foam, etc.) through the use of pure water
Se trata, por tanto, de un cabezal que consta de tres piezas principales: una base de cabezal con una base de giro, un soporte de boquilla y una boquilla de corte que puede girar de modo continuo de forma infinita a Io largo de su eje vertical - eje C - y hasta 360Q sexagesimales en su eje inclinado - eje A - .It is, therefore, a head consisting of three main parts: a head base with a swivel base, a nozzle holder and a cutting nozzle that can continuously rotate infinitely along its axis vertical - C axis - and up to 360 Q sexagesimal on its inclined axis - A axis -.
El corte de agua es un sector técnico del tratamiento de materiales durosWater cutting is a technical sector of hard materials treatment
(metales, piedra, cerámica, madera, etc.) usando agua con abrasivo y el corte de materiales blandos ( goma, alimentos, espuma, etc.) usando agua pura, para Ia realización y configuración de piezas que exigen un nivel de corte preciso frente a herramientas o medios convencionales mecánicos ( sierras, cuchillas, fresadoras, taladros, etc.) sin alterar Ia temperatura de los materiales tratados. Como, por ejemplo, si sucede en el corte por láser, por plasma o tradicionalmente por medios mecánicos. Técnica anterior(metals, stone, ceramics, wood, etc.) using water with abrasive and cutting soft materials (rubber, food, foam, etc.) using pure water, for the realization and configuration of parts that require a precise level of cut against conventional tools or mechanical means (saws, blades, milling machines, drills, etc.) without altering the temperature of the treated materials. As, for example, if it happens in laser cutting, plasma or traditionally by mechanical means. Prior art
La utilización de agua a presión para el corte de agua, incluyendo el corte con abrasivo, ya es una técnica conocida por sus virtudes de limpieza, precisión, flexibilidad de materiales y producción, capacidad de trabajo en ambientes agresivos así como Ia no deformación térmica de los productos trabajados.The use of pressurized water for water cutting, including abrasive cutting, is already a technique known for its virtues of cleaning, precision, flexibility of materials and production, ability to work in aggressive environments as well as the non-thermal deformation of The products worked.
Actualmente, varios sistemas que conducen un fluido a alta presión a Io largo de un camino definido están ya disponibles (los términos "agua a alta presión" y "chorro de agua" incluidos en Ia presente invención se entiende que pueden incluir todo tipo de fluidos a alta presión, incluyendo pero no limitando el agua a alta presión y Ia mezcla agua - abrasivo).Currently, several systems that conduct a high pressure fluid along a defined path are already available (the terms "high pressure water" and "water jet" included in the present invention are understood to include all types of fluids at high pressure, including but not limited to high pressure water and the water-abrasive mixture).
A tales sistemas nos referimos comúnmente como máquinas de dos, tres y cinco ejes. Las máquinas convencionales de tres ejes montadas sobre un cabezal permiten movimientos verticales a Io largo del eje Z, hacia y desde Ia pieza de trabajo. La base del cabezal se monta sobre un puente que se mueve de forma paralela al eje longitudinal del puente sobre el plano horizontal de trabajo. El puente se monta sobre uno o dos raíles que permiten el movimiento de forma perpendicular al eje longitudinal del puente. De esta manera, el chorro del fluido a alta presión generado en el cabezal se mueve a Io largo de un camino definido en el plano X-Y de forma relativa a Ia pieza de trabajo.These systems are commonly referred to as two, three and five axis machines. Conventional three-axis machines mounted on a head allow vertical movements along the Z axis, to and from the workpiece. The base of the head is mounted on a bridge that moves parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge on the horizontal work plane. The bridge is mounted on one or two rails that allow movement perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bridge. In this way, the high pressure fluid jet generated in the head moves along a path defined in the X-Y plane relative to the workpiece.
Las máquinas convencionales de cinco ejes trabajan de forma similar pero permiten movimientos sobre dos ejes de rotación adicionales, normalmente un eje horizontal y otro vertical. El corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes puede ser útil por varias razones, entre ellas, Ia posibilidad de cortar formas tridimensionales. Particularmente, como ya se conoce en el estado de Ia técnica, un corte producido por un chorro, tal como un chorro de agua y abrasivo, posee características que difieren de cortes producidos por procesos tradicionales de mecanizado. Dos de las características que se derivan del corte por chorro de agua son denominadas como conicidad y ángulo de retraso del chorro del agua, presentes en Ia pieza final. La conicidad se define como el ángulo que se forma debido a Ia apertura del chorro del agua al incidir sobre Ia pieza. El ángulo de retraso del chorro del agua existe debido a Ia desviación del chorro del agua en el punto de entrada de Ia pieza de corte (plano superior) y el punto de salida (plano inferior) en relación a Ia dirección de corte. Estas dos características se manifiestan como anomalías geométricas no deseables, reduciendo Ia precisión en Ia pieza final. En situaciones donde es deseable minimizar o eliminar estos dos defectos, se utilizan los sistemas convencionales de corte en tres dimensiones.Conventional five-axis machines work similarly but allow movements on two additional axes of rotation, usually a horizontal and a vertical axis. The water jet cutting with five axes can be useful for several reasons, including the possibility of cutting three-dimensional shapes. Particularly, as is known in the state of the art, a cut produced by a jet, such as a water jet and abrasive, has characteristics that differ from cuts produced by traditional machining processes. Two of the characteristics that derive from the water jet cutting are called the conicity and delay angle of the water jet, present in the final piece. The conicity is defined as the angle that is formed due to the opening of the water jet when it hits the part. The water jet delay angle exists due to the deviation of the water jet at the point of entry of the cutting part (upper plane) and the exit point (lower plane) in relation to the direction of cutting. These two characteristics are manifested as undesirable geometric anomalies, reducing the precision in the final piece. In situations where it is desirable to minimize or eliminate these two defects, conventional three-dimensional cutting systems are used.
Sin embargo, los diversos montajes estructurales de los dispositivos varían en función de aspectos tanto técnicos como por sus aplicaciones. A tal efecto, con Ia presente invención se logra un cabezal para el corte por chorro de agua diferenciado de los anteriores por dos características primordiales: el giro infinito de Ia base de giro del cabezal y Ia posición fija del punto focal de corte.However, the various structural assemblies of the devices vary depending on both technical aspects and their applications. For this purpose, with the present invention a head for water jet cutting differentiated from the previous ones is achieved by two main characteristics: the infinite rotation of the head rotation base and the fixed position of the focal cutting point.
En Ia actualidad, ya se conocen y son utilizados diversos medios de corte por chorro de agua; pero todos presentan inconvenientes tanto operativos como funcionales, con Io cual los medios ya desarrollados presentan siempre ciertas limitaciones frente a Ia invención que se presenta. Así, son ya conocidos como dispositivos, las invenciones con número de publicación de patente española ES2165323 INGENIERÍA DE APLICACIONES (2002) sobre una máquina para corte por chorro de agua en planos de dos dimensiones - 2D - en horizontal, Ia patente internacional PCT WO03018266 de FLOW INTERNATIONAL CORP sobre un aparato para generar y manipular el corte a alta presión con cinco ejes pero sin punto focal fijo, ni giro infinito.At present, various means of water jet cutting are already known and used; but all have both operational and functional disadvantages, with which the means already developed always have certain limitations against the invention presented. Thus, inventions with Spanish patent publication number ES2165323 APPLICATION ENGINEERING (2002) on a machine for water jet cutting in two-dimensional planes - 2D - horizontally, the international PCT patent WO03018266 of FLOW INTERNATIONAL CORP on an apparatus to generate and manipulate the high-pressure cut with five axes but without fixed focal point, or infinite rotation.
Todas ellas como anterioridades a Ia invención que se presenta, pero alejadas con respecto al dispositivo de Ia invención. Problema técnicoAll of them as prior to the invention presented, but far from the device of the invention. Technical problem
Las configuraciones actuales de dispositivos de corte por chorro de agua a alta presión se encuentran limitadas porque el giro se realiza de forma continua pero no infinita, sino con movimientos de rebobinado. Esto conduce a un mayor tiempo necesario para Ia realización del mismo corte.The current configurations of high pressure water jet cutting devices are limited because the rotation is carried out continuously but not infinitely, but with rewind movements. This leads to a longer time necessary for the realization of the same cut.
Esto sucede porque en Ia configuración del sistema, las conducciones de agua y abrasivo se sitúan en el exterior del cabezal limitan el funcionamiento de giro en movimientos de rebobinado, que pueden ser superados por Ia disposición de las conducciones de agua y abrasivo en el interior de Ia cabeza rotora.This happens because in the configuration of the system, the water and abrasive pipes are located outside the head limit the rotation operation in rewind movements, which can be overcome by the arrangement of the water and abrasive pipes inside The breaking head.
A su vez, las configuraciones existentes no admiten un punto focal de corte fijo, Io que puede ser superado por Ia configuración de los ejes giratorios (uno vertical y otro a 45Q del primero), Io que para trabajos de gran precisión puede resultar un gran inconveniente, y un rechazo en los resultados obtenidos sobre productos trabajados.At the same time, the existing configurations do not admit a fixed focal point of cut, which can be overcome by the configuration of the rotating axes (one vertical and the other at 45 Q of the first), which for high precision work can result in great inconvenience, and a rejection of the results obtained on products worked.
Solución técnicaTechnical solution
Mediante Ia disposición de un cabezal articulado, formado por un juego de una base de giro y un soporte de boquilla, se consigue cualquier orientación de Ia boquilla y un punto focal constante (punto de corte óptimo). Dicho punto de corte óptimo se alcanza por Ia intersección de los dos ejes giratorios (el primero vertical - eje C - y el segundo a 45Q del primero - eje A-). Los tres ejes lineales se disponen en el puente de Ia máquina permitiendo desplazamientos en el plano X-Y horizontal sobre toda Ia superficie de Ia mesa de corte y movimientos verticales del cabezal en Ia dirección Z. Además, la disposición de las conducciones de agua y abrasivo en el interior de Ia cabeza rotora permiten el giro infinito del cabezal sobre el eje vertical C, dotando también al cabezal de Ia posibilidad de incorporar accesorios al mismo, como el regulador en altura y/o anticolisión, taladro, roscadora u otros.By means of the arrangement of an articulated head, formed by a set of a turning base and a nozzle holder, any orientation of the nozzle and a constant focal point (optimum cut-off point) is achieved. Said optimum cut-off point is reached by the intersection of the two rotating axes (the first vertical - axis C - and the second at 45 Q of the first - axis A-). The three linear axes are arranged on the bridge of the machine allowing displacements in the horizontal XY plane over the entire surface of the cutting table and vertical movements of the head in the Z direction. In addition, the arrangement of the water and abrasive pipes inside the rotary head allows the infinite rotation of the head on the vertical axis C, also giving the head the possibility of incorporating accessories thereto, such as the height regulator and / or anti-collision, drill, threader or others.
En conclusión, esta invención permite el corte por chorro de agua de piezas tridimensionales o ángulos y chaflanes en superficies planas sin rebobinado y según las necesidades de trabajo.In conclusion, this invention allows water jet cutting of three-dimensional pieces or angles and chamfers on flat surfaces without rewinding and according to work needs.
Efectos ventajososAdvantageous effects
Como una de las principales ventajas destaca evitar el movimiento de rebobinado, con Ia consecuente reducción en los tiempos de trabajo, menor riesgo de dañar Ia calidad del corte y Ia posibilidad de incorporar accesorios al mismo.As one of the main advantages, it is important to avoid the rewind movement, with the consequent reduction in working times, less risk of damaging the quality of the cut and the possibility of incorporating accessories to it.
Otra ventaja añadida consiste en el alcance de cualquier posición y/o orientación de Ia boquilla por encima del plano horizontal de Ia superficie de corte debido a Ia configuración de los ejes en el cabezal, manteniendo el punto focal fijo y constante, y facilitando un seguimiento de trayectoria óptimo y un trabajo preciso. Dicha configuración, además, permite Ia corrección de defectos en Ia pieza final tales como conicidad, retraso del chorro del agua u otras funcionalidades definidas por el usuario.Another added advantage consists in the scope of any position and / or orientation of the nozzle above the horizontal plane of the cutting surface due to the configuration of the axes in the head, maintaining the fixed and constant focal point, and facilitating a follow-up. of optimal trajectory and precise work. Said configuration also allows the correction of defects in the final piece such as taper, water jet delay or other user-defined functionalities.
Todo ello contribuye a conseguir unos resultados y aplicaciones en el corte de piezas por agua, donde se incorpora Ia invención, que no se dan en los medios ya conocidos. Descripción de las figurasAll this contributes to achieve results and applications in the cutting of parts by water, where the invention is incorporated, which are not given in the known means. Description of the figures
Para una mejor comprensión de las características generales anteriormente mencionadas, se acompañan varios dibujos a Ia presente invención los cuales exponen como se especifica a continuación:For a better understanding of the general characteristics mentioned above, several drawings are attached to the present invention which are set forth as specified below:
Figura 1 : Vista en sección de un conjunto formado por una base de giro (1) , un soporte de boquilla (2), una base de cabezal (3), un conducto de agua a presión (4, 5), un receptor de entrada de agua (6), un conducto de producto abrasivo (7, 8), un receptor de abrasivo (9), una boquilla (10), un focalizador (11 ), y una junta rotatoria (12) ,con sus dos ejes A y C.Figure 1: Sectional view of an assembly formed by a swivel base (1), a nozzle holder (2), a head base (3), a pressurized water conduit (4, 5), a receiver water inlet (6), an abrasive product conduit (7, 8), an abrasive receiver (9), a nozzle (10), a focalizer (11), and a rotary joint (12), with its two axes A and C.
Figura 2: Vista en sección de un conjunto formado por una base de giro (1) , un soporte de boquilla (2), una base de cabezal (3), un conducto de agua a presión (4, 5), un receptor de entrada de agua (6), un conducto de producto abrasivo (7, 8), un receptor de abrasivo (9), una boquilla (10), un focalizador (11), una junta rotatoria (12), un regulador en altura (13), y una guía del regulador (14) con sus dos ejes A y C.Figure 2: Sectional view of an assembly formed by a swivel base (1), a nozzle holder (2), a head base (3), a pressurized water conduit (4, 5), a receiver water inlet (6), an abrasive product conduit (7, 8), an abrasive receiver (9), a nozzle (10), a focalizer (11), a rotary joint (12), a height regulator ( 13), and a regulator guide (14) with its two axes A and C.
Figura 3: Proyección de un conjunto formado por un cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito trabajando en posiciones de 0Q y 180Q sexagesimales para el eje inclinado A.Figure 3: Projection of an assembly formed by a water jet cutting head with five infinitely rotating axes working in positions of 0 Q and 180 Q sexagesimal for the inclined axis A.
Figura 4: Vista en perfil, frente y alzado un cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito.Figure 4: View in profile, front and elevation of a water jet cutting head with five axes of infinite rotation.
Figura 5: Vista en perfil de un cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito trabajando en distintas posiciones angulares para el eje A. Modo de realizar Ia invenciónFigure 5: Profile view of a water jet cutting head with five infinitely rotating axes working in different angular positions for the A axis. How to carry out the invention
La presente invención proporciona un cabezal de corte por chorro de agua de cinco ejes de giro infinito. En particular, el cabezal posee su movimiento vertical a Io largo del eje vertical Z, perpendicular a Ia pieza de trabajo. Además, el cabezal se monta acoplado a un puente o brazo que Ie permite un movimiento a Io largo de un eje paralelo al eje longitudinal del puente. El puente se monta sobre uno o más raíles para permitir el movimiento del puente en una dirección perpendicular a su eje longitudinal en el plano horizontal. De esta forma, el cabezal se mueve a Io largo de los ejes X, Y y Z, como ya es conocido en el estado de Ia técnica, sobre Ia superficie de corte.The present invention provides a five-axis water jet cutting head of infinite rotation. In particular, the head has its vertical movement along the vertical axis Z, perpendicular to the workpiece. In addition, the head is mounted coupled to a bridge or arm that allows movement along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge. The bridge is mounted on one or more rails to allow movement of the bridge in a direction perpendicular to its longitudinal axis in the horizontal plane. In this way, the head moves along the X, Y and Z axes, as is known in the state of the art, on the cutting surface.
El funcionamiento del equipo se inicia a partir de Ia geometría de Ia pieza a cortar diseñada mediante un programa CADCAM. El archivo generado del programa CADCAM se trata de un código CNC que se implementa sobre una máquina de control numérico. El usuario puede definir desde software diferentes parámetros a tener en cuenta, como altura de corte, velocidad de corte, presión, parámetros del abrasivo, etc. Con Ia máquina de control numérico se controla el movimiento de los ejes lineales y giratorios del cabezal a Io largo de Ia superficie o mesa de trabajo.The operation of the equipment starts from the geometry of the piece to be cut designed using a CADCAM program. The generated CADCAM program file is a CNC code that is implemented on a numerical control machine. From the software, the user can define different parameters to take into account, such as cutting height, cutting speed, pressure, abrasive parameters, etc. With the numerical control machine, the movement of the linear and rotating axes of the head is controlled along the surface or worktable.
El dispositivo de cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito puede ser realizado y dispuesto de Ia siguiente manera: Se dispone de un juego de tres piezas principales articuladas entre ellas, una base de giro (1), un soporte de boquilla (2), y una base de cabezal (3). Esta última y Ia base de giro (1) se encuentran conectadas a través de una junta rotatoria (12). La configuración de los ejes C y A permite cualquier orientación del focalizador manteniendo el punto focal constante a modo de peonza. El movimiento del conjunto viene dado por dos motores, uno para cada eje de rotación. El primer eje de rotación - C - está alineado con el eje Z del movimiento longitudinal como es normalmente conocido en el estado de Ia técnica y el segundo eje - A - que forma un ángulo de 45Q sexagesimales con respecto al plano del primero. Dentro de dicha base de cabezal (3), se inserta un conducto de agua a presión (4) y (5),que desemboca hasta un receptor de entrada de agua (6). De forma concéntrica a Ia conducción de agua, se inserta un conducto de producto abrasivo (7, 8), que se dirige hasta un receptor de abrasivo (9), con una boquilla (10) donde se produce Ia combinación agua-abrasivo. Tal configuración permite giros infinitos en el eje C. La mezcla agua-abrasivo es direccionada a través de un focalizador (11) por donde sale el chorro del fluido para cortar Ia pieza, dispuesta a escasos milímetros de Ia base de Ia boquilla, punto óptimo para el corte por agua.The water jet cutting head device with five axes of infinite rotation can be realized and arranged as follows: There is a set of three main parts articulated between them, a rotation base (1), a support of nozzle (2), and a head base (3). The latter and the turning base (1) are connected through a rotating joint (12). The configuration of the C and A axes allows any orientation of the focuser keeping the focal point constant as a spinning top. The movement of the set is given by two motors, one for each axis of rotation. The first axis of rotation - C - is aligned with the Z axis of the longitudinal movement as is normally known in the state of the art and the second axis - A - which forms an angle of 45 Q sexagesimal with respect to the plane of the first. Inside said head base (3), a pressurized water conduit (4) and (5) is inserted, which flows into a water inlet receiver (6). Concentric to the water conduction, an abrasive product conduit (7, 8) is inserted, which is directed to an abrasive receiver (9), with a nozzle (10) where the water-abrasive combination is produced. Such configuration allows infinite turns in the C axis. The water-abrasive mixture is directed through a focalizer (11) where the jet of the fluid leaves to cut the piece, arranged a few millimeters from the base of the nozzle, optimum point for water cutting.
Por otra parte, Ia boquilla y su soporte deben ser fácilmente accesibles y extraíbles del cabezal. La boquilla es extraíble de su soporte mediante medios manuales, y el focalizador se extrae de Ia boquilla de Ia misma manera.On the other hand, the nozzle and its support must be easily accessible and removable from the head. The nozzle is removable from its support by manual means, and the focalizer is removed from the nozzle in the same manner.
Dicha configuración del cabezal de cinco ejes permite diferentes aplicaciones, tales como Ia compensación del ángulo de conicidad y el ángulo de retraso del chorro del agua, el corte de piezas tridimensionales y el corte de piezas planas con ángulo, conocido en sector técnico como corte en 2D V∑. En una pieza tridimensional, el cabezal sigue Ia trayectoria manteniendo siempre Ia misma distancia desde Ia base del focalizador a Ia pieza tratada. Con un corte en 2D ΛA , Ia altura en el eje Z se mantiene constante, ya que se trata de un corte horizontal de piezas planas, con inclinación del ángulo A.Said configuration of the five-axis head allows different applications, such as the compensation of the conicity angle and the delay angle of the water jet, the cutting of three-dimensional pieces and the cutting of flat pieces with angle, known in the technical sector as cutting in 2D V∑. In a three-dimensional piece, the head follows the trajectory always maintaining the same distance from the base of the focalizer to the treated part. With a 2D cut Λ A, the height on the Z axis remains constant, since it is a horizontal cut of flat pieces, with inclination of the angle A.
El cabezal permite el acoplamiento de un regulador en altura (13) configurable por el usuario y una guía del regulador (14) que permite controlar Ia distancia de Ia base del focalizador a Ia superficie de Ia pieza a cortar, ya sea cada un cierto tiempo fijado con anterioridad, en ciertas posiciones, en cada perforación, en todo momento de forma continua u otras. Además de este accesorio, se podrían acoplar accesorios tales como taladro, roscadora u otros dispositivos utilizados con distinto fin. The head allows the coupling of a regulator in height (13) configurable by the user and a guide of the regulator (14) that allows controlling the distance from the base of the focalizer to the surface of the piece to be cut, either every certain time previously set, in certain positions, in each drilling, at any time continuously or others. In addition to this accessory, accessories such as drill, threader or other devices used for different purposes could be attached.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
I1- Cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito para ángulos hasta 360Q sexagesimales y con punto focal fijo y constante caracterizado porque consiste en una base de giro (1), un soporte de boquilla (2), y una base de cabezal (3) conectadas a través de una junta rotatoria (12). Dentro de dicha base de cabezal (3), se inserta un conducto de agua a presión (4) y (5),que desemboca hasta un receptor de entrada de agua (6). De forma concéntrica a Ia conducción de agua, se inserta un conducto de producto abrasivo (7, 8), que se dirige hasta un receptor de abrasivo (9), con una boquilla (10) donde se produce Ia combinación agua-abrasivo. Esta mezcla agua-abrasivo es direccionada a través de un focalizador (11) por donde sale el chorro del fluido para cortar Ia pieza,I 1 - Water jet cutting head with five axes of infinite rotation for angles up to 360 Q sexagesimal and with fixed and constant focal point characterized in that it consists of a rotation base (1), a nozzle holder (2), and a head base (3) connected through a rotary joint (12). Inside said head base (3), a pressurized water conduit (4) and (5) is inserted, which flows into a water inlet receiver (6). Concentric to the water conduction, an abrasive product conduit (7, 8) is inserted, which is directed to an abrasive receiver (9), with a nozzle (10) where the water-abrasive combination is produced. This water-abrasive mixture is directed through a focalizer (11) through which the jet of the fluid leaves to cut the piece,
2.- Cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito para ángulos hasta 360Q sexagesimales y con punto focal fijo y constante conforme a Ia Reivindicación.1. caracterizado porque el soporte de boquilla (2), y Ia boquilla (10) pueden ser insertadas o extraídas manualmente.2.- Water jet cutting head with five axes of infinite rotation for angles up to 360 Q sexagesimal and with a fixed and constant focal point according to claim 1. characterized in that the nozzle holder (2), and the nozzle (10) can be inserted or removed manually.
3^ Cabezal de corte por chorro de agua con cinco ejes de giro infinito para ángulos hasta 360Q sexagesimales y con punto focal fijo y constante conforme a Ia Reivindicación.1. caracterizado porque pueden ser acoplados de forma accesoria: un regulador en altura (13) configurable por el usuario, una guía del regulador (14), un taladro, una roscadora u otros dispositivos de corte mecánico. 3 ^ Water jet cutting head with five axes of infinite rotation for angles up to 360 Q sexagesimal and with a fixed and constant focal point according to claim 1. characterized in that they can be attached as an accessory: a user-configurable height regulator (13), a regulator guide (14), a drill, a tapping machine or other mechanical cutting devices.
PCT/ES2009/070026 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 Hydrojet cutting head comprising five infinitely rotating axes WO2010092196A2 (en)

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PCT/ES2009/070026 WO2010092196A2 (en) 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 Hydrojet cutting head comprising five infinitely rotating axes
ES201090071A ES2410055B1 (en) 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 CUTTING HEAD FOR WATER JET WITH FIVE AXLES OF INFINITE TURN.
EP09839918.1A EP2397286A4 (en) 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 Hydrojet cutting head comprising five infinitely rotating axes

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WO2010092196A3 (en) 2013-01-31
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EP2397286A4 (en) 2014-10-15
ES2410055B1 (en) 2014-05-09

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