WO2010091535A1 - Three axial directions vibration compound testing apparatus - Google Patents

Three axial directions vibration compound testing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010091535A1
WO2010091535A1 PCT/CN2009/000372 CN2009000372W WO2010091535A1 WO 2010091535 A1 WO2010091535 A1 WO 2010091535A1 CN 2009000372 W CN2009000372 W CN 2009000372W WO 2010091535 A1 WO2010091535 A1 WO 2010091535A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
vibration
axial
work surface
vibration generator
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PCT/CN2009/000372
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
武元桢
钟琼华
Original Assignee
苏州苏试试验仪器有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州苏试试验仪器有限公司 filed Critical 苏州苏试试验仪器有限公司
Priority to JP2011549413A priority Critical patent/JP2012517598A/en
Publication of WO2010091535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010091535A1/en
Priority to US13/091,735 priority patent/US8607636B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands

Definitions

  • Triaxial vibration re-inspection device Triaxial vibration re-inspection device
  • the invention relates to a mechanical environment testing device, in particular to a three-axis vibration composite testing device for X, ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • the three-axis vibration composite test device can be used to simulate the vibration environment of three axially independent actions of X, ⁇ and ⁇ , and can also be used to simulate the combined vibration environment of three axial directions of X, ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • the natural vibration experienced by the product under actual working conditions is the combined vibration of the three axes of X, ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • people have tried to design a three-axis vibration composite test device.
  • test devices including a work surface 1 for mounting test pieces, based on work surface 1 in X, ⁇ , ⁇
  • a vibration generator 2 is arranged on each of the three axial directions, and the work surface 1 and the vibration generators 2 are connected by an axial vibration transmission mechanism.
  • the function of the axial transmission mechanism is to form a rigid connection in the axial direction, transmitting the exciting force of the vibration generator 2 to the work surface 1 and decoupling in the other two axial directions.
  • various devices for the three-axis vibration composite there are two representative types:
  • the three-axis vibration composite test device adopts a cross-linear guide pair 3 for the axial vibration-transmitting mechanism, and the overall structure is simple, and the cross-linear guide pair 3 can be purchased, and the manufacturing cost is low, but the device has the following disadvantages:
  • FIG. 3 static pressure type three-axis vibration composite test device; see U.S. Patent No. 4,549,005.
  • an intermediate cube 7 is fixed under the work surface 1, and the pressure application plate 8 is disposed on the left and right, front and rear and the bottom of the intermediate square body 7.
  • the pressure application plates 8 and the intermediate square body 7 are matched by a plane gap. , injection of high pressure oil between the gap fit planes to form static pressure
  • the oil film 9 constitutes three axial static pressure plane bearing structures, and the outer side of each pressure applying plate 8 is fixedly coupled to the shaft 10, and the vibration generator 2 of each axial direction is connected through the connecting shaft 10.
  • the three-axis vibration composite test apparatus uses a static pressure plane bearing as an axial vibration transmission mechanism to connect the work surface 1 to the uniaxial vibration generator 2.
  • the three-axis vibration composite test device has fewer moving parts in the axial direction, lighter weight, wide vibration frequency range, upper limit of working frequency up to 1000 kHz, and better frequency response characteristics, but it still has the following insufficient:
  • an intermediate cube 7 of a certain height is required under the work surface 1 to arrange the pressure application plate 8, which increases the distance of the vibration generator 2 from the work surface 1 to the vertical axis (ie, elevation)
  • the work surface 1) which affects the overall rigidity to a certain extent; because the intermediate cube 7 and the plurality of pressure application plates 8 are required under the work surface 1, the quality of the moving parts is increased; the rigidity is poor and the quality of the moving part is large,
  • the invention provides a triaxial vibration composite test device, which aims to improve on the basis of the existing three-axis static pressure bearing type three-axis vibration composite device, which not only reduces the processing difficulty, reduces the cost, but also further improves the work.
  • the upper limit of the frequency increases the operating frequency range and enhances the ability to resist overturning moments.
  • a triaxial vibration composite test device having a work surface which is connected to the Z-axis vibration via a first vibration transmission mechanism in a vertical Z-axis direction.
  • the X-axis vibration generator is connected to the X-axis in the horizontal X-axis via the second axial vibration-transmitting mechanism, and the Y-axis vibration generator is connected to the Y-axis vibration generator via the third vibration generator in the horizontal Y-axis.
  • the second axial transmission vibration mechanism and the third axial vibration transmission mechanism are both cross linear guide pairs, the cross linear guide pair includes a slider, a transverse rail and a longitudinal rail, and the transverse rail and the longitudinal rail are arranged at a cross. Both sides of the block are slidably connected to the slider; one of the lateral rail and the longitudinal rail is fixedly connected to the X-axis or Y-axis vibration generator, and the other is fixedly connected to the work surface;
  • the first axial vibration transmitting mechanism comprises upper and lower clamping plates and a central panel, wherein the upper and lower clamping plates are arranged horizontally opposite to each other, the central panel is located between the upper and lower clamping plates, and the upper and lower clamping plates are embedded with respect to the clamping center.
  • the upper surface of the center panel and the lower surface of the upper plate cooperate to form an upper matching plane
  • the lower surface of the center panel and the upper surface of the lower plate cooperate to form a lower matching plane, upper and lower splints or high-pressure oil, Forming a static pressure oil film in the plane gap and the lower matching plane gap to form a static pressure flat Face bearing mechanism
  • the connection relationship between the static pressure plane bearing mechanism and the Z-axis vibration generator and the work surface is:
  • the central panel is fixedly connected to the work surface, and the upper or lower clamp is fixedly connected to the Z-axis vibration generator via the connecting member;
  • the upper or lower jaws are fixedly coupled to the work surface, or the upper surface of the upper clamp is used as a work surface; the central panel is fixedly coupled to the Z-axis vibration generator via the connector.
  • the Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis vibration generators may be an electric vibration table, a mechanical vibration table, a hydraulic vibration table or a mechanical vibration mechanism, wherein the mechanical vibration mechanism refers to capable of generating mechanical vibration. Agency.
  • the upper and lower clamping plates are provided with lag screws, and the upper and lower clamping plates are connected by tension screws to form an adjustable spacing clamping structure.
  • the pitch of the upper and lower plates can be adjusted by rotating the lag screw, that is, adjusting the gap between the mating planes to adjust the stiffness of the hydrostatic oil film.
  • the above solution further includes a Z-axis guide bracket fixed to the base of the Z-axis vibration generator, and the Z-axis guide bracket is provided with a guide hole along the Z-axis, the connecting member The middle portion passes through the guiding hole, and the inner surface of the guiding hole cooperates with the outer surface of the connecting member to form a mating surface, and the high-pressure oil is pumped between the mating surfaces to form a hydrostatic oil film to form a hydrostatic bearing guiding structure.
  • the circumferential direction of the work surface is connected to the circumferential direction of the Z-axis guide bracket to prevent dust and other debris from entering the static pressure bearing.
  • the design concept of the present invention is: Over the years, the applicant has conducted in-depth test analysis on various types of triaxial vibration composite test devices (especially existing three-axis hydrostatic bearing vibration composite test devices). After many experiments and demonstrations, it is found that the performance characteristics such as the frequency response characteristic and the upper limit of the operating frequency in the vertical Z-axis vibration are much different from the horizontal X-axis and the horizontal Y-axis, that is, the vibration working frequency of the vertical Z-axis determines the whole. The operating frequency of the device.
  • the static pressure plane bearing in the vertical Z-axis was retained as the axial vibration-transmitting mechanism, and the axial direction of the X-axis and the Y-axis was transmitted.
  • the vibration mechanism is changed to a cross linear guide pair, which can increase the operating frequency range of the three-axis composite to above 2000 Hz.
  • the specific analysis is as follows: Since the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to the cross-linear guide pair, the pressure application plate is not required on the side of the work surface, and the work surface can be shortened as much as possible to the vertical Z-axis.
  • the distance of the Z-axis vibration generator ie, the work surface is reduced, thereby increasing the overall rigidity and reducing the quality of the moving parts.
  • the increase in rigidity and the deterioration in the quality of the moving parts have led to a further increase in the upper limit of the operating frequency.
  • the cross linear guide pair can The use of purchased parts simplifies the structure, reduces manufacturing difficulty, and reduces manufacturing costs.
  • the invention has the following three use cases:
  • the first type vibration test with uniaxial action; if the z-axis vibration test is performed, as long as the z-axis vibration generator is activated to emit the Z-axis vibration, the first axial transmission is transmitted between the work surface and the vibration generator.
  • the vibration mechanism is connected, the axial vibration transmission direction is the Z-axis direction, and the X-axis and the Y-axis are free-sliding cooperation, and the vibration generated by the Z-axis vibration generator is transmitted to the work surface through the first axial vibration transmission mechanism.
  • a single Z axial vibration test is achieved. When the X-axis and Y-axis vibrations are performed, it is only necessary to start the vibration generator in the corresponding direction, and the working process is similar to the above.
  • the second type the combined vibration test of two axial forces simultaneously; although the vibration environment in the product application is essentially three-axis simultaneous, when one of the axial directions is small compared to the other two directions, the vibration is so negligible. Or one of the axial directions has little effect on the vibration test results.
  • the corresponding two axial vibration generators can be started, and the vibrations generated by them are transmitted to the work surface by the axial vibration transmission mechanism to realize the two-axis composite vibration test.
  • the third type Three-axis simultaneous vibration test; the triaxial composite vibration is closest to the natural environment.
  • three vibration generators are activated, and the vibrations generated by the three vibration generators are simultaneously superimposed on the work surface by the axial vibration transmission mechanism to realize the triaxial composite vibration test.
  • the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to the cross-linear guide pair, so that the pressure application plate is not disposed on the side of the work surface, and the work surface is shortened as much as possible.
  • the Z-axis vibration generator in the Z-axis is at a distance (i.e., the work surface is lowered), thereby increasing the overall rigidity.
  • the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to the cross-linear guide pair, so that the pressure application plate is not disposed on the side of the work surface, the intermediate cube is reduced, and the intermediate cube is reduced.
  • the quality of the axial moving parts Due to the special structure of the present invention, the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to the cross-linear guide pair, so that the pressure application plate is not disposed on the side of the work surface, the intermediate cube is reduced, and the intermediate cube is reduced.
  • the rigidity of the present invention is improved and the quality of the moving part is lowered. These two points further increase the upper limit of the operating frequency.
  • the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to a ten-line linear guide pair to lower the work surface, thereby improving the ability to resist the overturning moment.
  • the cross-linear guide pair of the invention can adopt the purchased parts, and the overall structure is compressed, which reduces the difficulty of manufacture and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing the structure of a conventional cross rail type three-axis vibration composite test device;
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a conventional static pressure type three-axis vibration composite test device
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a top plan view of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a top plan view showing the structure of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a triaxial vibration composite test device has a work surface 20 which is connected via a first axial vibration transmission mechanism 24 in a vertical Z-axis direction.
  • the Z-axis vibration generator 21 is connected to the X-axis vibration generator 22 via the second axial vibration transmission mechanism 25 in the horizontal X-axis direction, and is connected to the Y-axis via the third axial vibration transmission mechanism 26 in the horizontal Y-axis direction.
  • the first axial vibration transmitting mechanism 24 includes upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 and a central panel 29.
  • the working surface 20 is provided with a connecting body 41.
  • the connecting body 41 has an "H-shaped" cross section and a circumferential wall top end thereof.
  • the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the work surface 20, and the central horizontal plate body is the center panel 29, and the upper and lower plates 27, 28 are horizontally disposed horizontally on the central transverse plate body of the connecting body 41 (ie, the center panel 29). Up and down, the center of the center panel 29 avoids the groove 42.
  • the center of the upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 are inserted through the relief groove 42 through the lag screw 34, and the upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 are connected by the lag screw 34, and the upper and lower clamping plates 27, 28 is opposite to the center panel 29.
  • the size of the escape groove 42 needs to be larger than the movement range of the X-axis and the Y-axis of the device, and the lag screw 34 does not hit the side wall of the groove 42 during operation.
  • Upper splint The upper surface is matched with the lower surface of the central panel 29 to form a lower matching plane, and the upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 are provided with an oil filling passage 30 which is matched with the plane clearance and the lower matching plane clearance, and is pumped with high-pressure oil.
  • the static pressure oil film 45 is formed in the plane clearance and the lower matching plane gap to form a static pressure plane bearing mechanism; the spacing of the upper and lower clamping plates 27, 28 can be adjusted by adjusting the lag screw 34, that is, the gap of the matching plane is adjusted, and the static pressure oil film 45 is adjusted.
  • the stiffness is adjusted by adjusting the lag screw 34, that is, the gap of the matching plane is adjusted, and the static pressure oil film 45 is adjusted.
  • connection relationship between the static pressure plane bearing mechanism and the Z-axis vibration generator 21 and the work surface 20 is: the center panel 29 is fixedly connected to the work surface 20 via the connecting body 41, and the lower clamp plate 28 is connected via the connecting member 37. (specifically a hollow shaft member) is fixedly connected to the Z-axis vibration generator 21.
  • the second axial transmission vibration mechanism 25 and the third axial vibration transmission mechanism 26 are both cross linear guide pairs, and each cross linear guide pair includes a slider 31, a lateral rail 32 and a longitudinal rail 33, and a transverse rail.
  • 32 and the longitudinal rails 33 are arranged at the opposite sides of the slider 31 and are slidably connected to the slider 31.
  • the longitudinal rails 33 are linearly coupled to the X-axis or
  • the Y-axis vibration generators 22, 23 are fixedly connected, and the lateral rails 32 are specifically fixedly coupled to the circumferential side walls of the connecting body 41, and finally connected to the work surface 20.
  • the device further includes a Z-axis guide bracket 35.
  • the bottom of the Z-axis guide bracket 35 is fixed to the Z-axis vibrating table body.
  • the Z-axis guide bracket 35 is provided with a guiding hole 36 along the Z-axis.
  • the inner surface of the guiding hole 36 is matched with the outer surface of the connecting member (specifically, a hollow shaft member) 37 to form a mating surface, and the high pressure oil is pumped between the mating surfaces to form a static pressure.
  • the oil film 38 constitutes a hydrostatic bearing guiding structure.
  • An annular dustproof film 39 is connected between the circumferential direction of the bottom of the connecting body 41 and the top circumferential direction of the Z-axis guide bracket 35, and the circumferential gap between the two is sealed to prevent the external dust or the like from entering the inside of the hydrostatic plane bearing.
  • the present embodiment has the following three modes of use: First: a vibration test in which the X, Y or Z axis acts alone; Second: a combined vibration test in which two axial directions act simultaneously; Third: three axial directions
  • the composite vibration test when performing the combined vibration test in the three directions simultaneously, can artificially design and coordinate the vibration waveform of each vibration generator to make the triaxial composite vibration reproduce the natural vibration under real working conditions. The waveform is brought to the closest natural sound effect.
  • a three-axis vibration composite test device has a work surface 20, which differs from the first embodiment in that: without the connection body 41, the upper surface of the upper clamp plate 27 is directly disposed.
  • the work surface 20 the bottom surface of the center panel 29 is fixed to the connecting member 37, and is connected to the vibrating body of the Z-axis vibration generator 21 via the connecting member 37; the lower cleat 28 is provided with the avoiding groove 43;
  • the side portions of the upper clamping plate 27 are directly fixedly coupled to the lateral rails 32 of the second axial vibration transmitting mechanism 25 and the third axial vibration transmitting mechanism 26.
  • An annular dustproof film 39 is connected between the circumferential direction of the bottom of the upper clamp plate 27 and the top circumferential direction of the Z-axis guide bracket 35 to close the circumferential direction between the two. Dust enters.
  • a three-axis vibration composite test device includes a work surface 20, three vibration generators, and three axial vibration transmission mechanisms.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is:
  • the second axial vibration transmitting mechanism 25 and the third axial vibration transmitting mechanism 26 are cross linear guide pairs, and each of the straight linear guide pairs includes a lateral rail 32, two longitudinal rails 33 and two sliders 31, and two longitudinal rails.
  • the parallel rails 32 and the two longitudinal rails 33 are arranged in a crosswise manner, and a slider 31 is disposed at each of the two intersections.
  • the lateral rails 32 and the longitudinal rails 33 are slidably connected with the sliders 31.
  • the longitudinal rails 33 of the two juxtaposed second axial transmission mechanisms 25/third axial transmission mechanisms 26 are fixedly coupled to the X-axis vibration generator 22/Y axial vibration generator 23 via an additional table 44.
  • a cross-linear guide pair having two longitudinal guides 33 is used in this case.
  • the specific number of the horizontal guide rail 32, the longitudinal guide rail 33, and the slider 31 in the cross linear guide pair is not limited, and can be adjusted according to the size and thickness of the work surface 20.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

A three axial directions vibration testing apparatus has a working table (20), a second axial vibration transmitting mechanism (25) in the horizontal X-axis direction and a third axial vibration transmitting mechanism (26) in the horizontal Y-axis direction which are cross straight line rail sets, and a first axial vibration transmitting mechanism (24) in the vertical Z-axis direction which connects with a Z-axis direction vibration generator (21).The first axial vibration transmitting mechanism (24) includes an upper-clamping plate(27), a lower clamping plate (28) and a middle interposing plate (29),the upper and lower clamping plates (27,28) are opposed to each other horizontally, the middle interposing plate (29) lies between them, and the middle interposing plate (29) is clamped by the upper and lower clamping plates (27,28). The lower surface of the upper clamping plate (27) and the upper surface of the middle interposing plate (29) form an upper mating surface by clearance fit; the upper surface of the lower clamping plate (27) and the lower surface of the middle interposing plate (29) form a lower matching surface by clearance fit. High pressure fluid is fed into the clearance of the upper matching surface and the clearance of the lower matching surface to form a static pressure fluid membrane (45) and to make a static pressure plane bearing structure. The middle interposing plate (29) fixedly connects with the working table (20), the upper clamping plate (27) or the lower clamping plate (28) fixedly connects with the Z-axis direction vibration generator (21).The three axial directions vibration testing apparatus has simplified structure, it can reduce the cost and increase the ability of resisting turning torque.

Description

三轴向振动复^；验装置 技术领域  Triaxial vibration re-inspection device
本发明涉及力学环境试验设备， 具体涉及一种 X、 Υ、 Ζ三轴向振动复 合试验装置。 该三轴向振动复合试验装置可用于模拟 X、 Υ、 Ζ三个轴向单 独作用的振动环境， 也可用于模拟 X、 Υ、 Ζ三个轴向同时作用的复合振动 环境。  The invention relates to a mechanical environment testing device, in particular to a three-axis vibration composite testing device for X, Υ and Ζ. The three-axis vibration composite test device can be used to simulate the vibration environment of three axially independent actions of X, Υ and Ζ, and can also be used to simulate the combined vibration environment of three axial directions of X, Υ and Ζ.
背景技术 Background technique
产品在实际工况下经受的自然振动是 X、 Υ、 Ζ三轴向的复合振动。 为 了真实反应产品的抗振性能， 模拟出自然振动环境， 人们经多年尝试设计出 了三轴向振动复合试验装置。  The natural vibration experienced by the product under actual working conditions is the combined vibration of the three axes of X, Υ and Ζ. In order to simulate the natural vibration environment of the real reaction product, people have tried to design a three-axis vibration composite test device.
目前， 国内外三轴向振动复合试验装置已公开有多种， 这些试验装置的 结构总体为： 包括一用于安装试件的工作台面 1， 以工作台面 1为基准， 在 X、 Υ、 Ζ三轴向上各布置一振动发生器 2, 工作台面 1与各振动发生器 2间 经轴向传振机构连接。 轴向传振机构的作用是在该轴向上构成刚性连接， 将 振动发生器 2的激振力传递至工作台面 1上， 而在另两个轴向上解耦。 现有 各式三轴向振动复合的装置中， 具代表性有以下两种：  At present, a variety of three-axis vibration composite test devices have been disclosed at home and abroad. The overall structure of these test devices is: including a work surface 1 for mounting test pieces, based on work surface 1 in X, Υ, Ζ A vibration generator 2 is arranged on each of the three axial directions, and the work surface 1 and the vibration generators 2 are connected by an axial vibration transmission mechanism. The function of the axial transmission mechanism is to form a rigid connection in the axial direction, transmitting the exciting force of the vibration generator 2 to the work surface 1 and decoupling in the other two axial directions. Among the various devices for the three-axis vibration composite, there are two representative types:
Α、 十字直线导轨式的三轴向振动复合试验装置； 参见中国专利公报于 2008年 8月 13 日公开了公开号为 101241036A, 名称为《振动台三向激振平 台的连接机构》 的发明专利申请。 结构见附图 1、 附图 2， 其 X、 Υ、 Ζ三轴 向上的力传递机构 （即轴向传振机构） 均为十字直线导轨副 3 , 具体是由滑 块 4和与滑块 4的上、下端面分别滑动连接的横向导轨 5和纵向导轨 6构成。 这种三轴向振动复合试验装置因轴向传振机构采用十字直线导轨副 3， 整体 结构简单， 十字直线导轨副 3可外购， 制造成本低， 但是该装置存在以下不 足：  三, cross-linear guide type three-axis vibration composite test device; see Chinese Patent Gazette published on August 13, 2008, the publication number is 101241036A, the invention patent named "the connection mechanism of the vibration table three-way excitation platform" Application. The structure is shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and the X, Υ, Ζ three-axis force transmission mechanism (ie, the axial vibration transmission mechanism) is a cross linear guide pair 3, specifically by the slider 4 and the slider The upper and lower end faces of 4 are respectively formed by slidingly connecting the lateral rails 5 and the longitudinal rails 6. The three-axis vibration composite test device adopts a cross-linear guide pair 3 for the axial vibration-transmitting mechanism, and the overall structure is simple, and the cross-linear guide pair 3 can be purchased, and the manufacturing cost is low, but the device has the following disadvantages:
1、 各轴向运动质量有很大差异。  1. The quality of each axial movement is very different.
2、 其从振动发生器 2至工作台面 1 的传力路径上连接关节过多从而影 响了振动频率响应特性， 特别是其垂直 Ζ轴向上振动响应特性很差， 导致其 适用于低频振动试验。  2. It has too many joints on the force transmission path from the vibration generator 2 to the work surface 1 to affect the vibration frequency response characteristics, especially its vertical Ζ axial vibration response characteristics are poor, which makes it suitable for low frequency vibration test. .
Β、 静压式三轴向振动复合试验装置； 参见美国专利公4艮公'开有专利号 为 5,549,005的美国专利。 结构见附图 3 , 在工作台面 1下固连一中间立方体 7， 该中间四方体 7的左右、 前后以及下方设有压力施加板 8, 各压力施加板 8与中间四方体 7以平面间隙配合， 在各间隙配合平面间注高压油形成静压 油膜 9, 从而构成三个轴向的静压平面轴承结构， 各压力施加板 8外侧固连 连接轴 10， 通过连接轴 10连接各轴向的振动发生器 2。 简而言之， 这种三 轴向振动复合试验装置是采用静压平面轴承作为轴向传振机构将工作台面 1 与单轴向振动发生器 2连接。 这种三轴向振动复合试验装置， 工作中各轴向 上运动部件少、质轻，振动频率范围宽，其工作频率上限达 1000千 Hz以上， 频响特性较佳， 但是， 它仍存在以下不足： Β, static pressure type three-axis vibration composite test device; see U.S. Patent No. 4,549,005. Referring to Fig. 3, an intermediate cube 7 is fixed under the work surface 1, and the pressure application plate 8 is disposed on the left and right, front and rear and the bottom of the intermediate square body 7. The pressure application plates 8 and the intermediate square body 7 are matched by a plane gap. , injection of high pressure oil between the gap fit planes to form static pressure The oil film 9 constitutes three axial static pressure plane bearing structures, and the outer side of each pressure applying plate 8 is fixedly coupled to the shaft 10, and the vibration generator 2 of each axial direction is connected through the connecting shaft 10. In short, the three-axis vibration composite test apparatus uses a static pressure plane bearing as an axial vibration transmission mechanism to connect the work surface 1 to the uniaxial vibration generator 2. The three-axis vibration composite test device has fewer moving parts in the axial direction, lighter weight, wide vibration frequency range, upper limit of working frequency up to 1000 kHz, and better frequency response characteristics, but it still has the following insufficient:
1、 制造方面， 因三轴向均采用静压轴承结构， 结构较复杂， 各配合平 面加工要求高、 难度大， 制造成本高昂。  1. In terms of manufacturing, due to the static bearing structure of the three axial axes, the structure is more complicated, and the processing requirements of each mating plane are high, difficult, and the manufacturing cost is high.
2、 振动试验性能方面， 因工作台面 1 下需设一定高度的中间立方体 7 以便布置压力施加板 8， 这就增加了工作台面 1至垂直轴向上的振动发生器 2的距离 （即抬高了工作台面 1 )， 从而在一定程度上影响了整体的刚性； 因 工作台面 1下需设中间立方体 7以及多块压力施加板 8， 增加了运动部件的 质量； 刚性差及运动部质量大， 这两点直接限制了工作频率的进一步提高； 并且， 工作台面 1的抬高， 也直接导致抗倾覆力矩能力的下降。  2. In terms of vibration test performance, an intermediate cube 7 of a certain height is required under the work surface 1 to arrange the pressure application plate 8, which increases the distance of the vibration generator 2 from the work surface 1 to the vertical axis (ie, elevation) The work surface 1), which affects the overall rigidity to a certain extent; because the intermediate cube 7 and the plurality of pressure application plates 8 are required under the work surface 1, the quality of the moving parts is increased; the rigidity is poor and the quality of the moving part is large, These two points directly limit the further improvement of the working frequency; and, the elevation of the work surface 1 also directly leads to the decline of the anti-overturning moment capability.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明提供一种三轴向振动复合试验装置， 其目的是在现有三轴向静压 轴承式三轴振动复合装置的基础上进行改进， 既降低加工制作难度、 降低成 本，又近一步提高工作频率的上限增大工作频率范围，增强抗倾覆力矩能力。  The invention provides a triaxial vibration composite test device, which aims to improve on the basis of the existing three-axis static pressure bearing type three-axis vibration composite device, which not only reduces the processing difficulty, reduces the cost, but also further improves the work. The upper limit of the frequency increases the operating frequency range and enhances the ability to resist overturning moments.
为达到上述目的， 本发明采用的技术方案是： 一种三轴向振动复合试验 装置， 具有一个工作台面， 该工作台面在垂直的 Z轴向上经第一传振机构连 接 Z轴向振动发生器， 在水平的 X轴向上经第二轴向传振机构连接 X轴向 振动发生器， 在水平的 Y轴向上经第三振动发生器连接 Y轴向振动发生器， 其特征在于： 所述第二轴向传振动机构和第三轴向传振机构均为十字直线导 轨副， 所述十字直线导轨副包括滑块、 横向导轨以及纵向导轨， 横向导轨和 纵向导轨十字交叉布置于滑块的两侧， 且与滑块构成滑动连接； 横向导轨和 纵向导轨两者中，一者与 X轴向或 Y轴向振动发生器的固定连接， 另一者与 工作台面固定连接；  In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A triaxial vibration composite test device having a work surface which is connected to the Z-axis vibration via a first vibration transmission mechanism in a vertical Z-axis direction. The X-axis vibration generator is connected to the X-axis in the horizontal X-axis via the second axial vibration-transmitting mechanism, and the Y-axis vibration generator is connected to the Y-axis vibration generator via the third vibration generator in the horizontal Y-axis. The second axial transmission vibration mechanism and the third axial vibration transmission mechanism are both cross linear guide pairs, the cross linear guide pair includes a slider, a transverse rail and a longitudinal rail, and the transverse rail and the longitudinal rail are arranged at a cross. Both sides of the block are slidably connected to the slider; one of the lateral rail and the longitudinal rail is fixedly connected to the X-axis or Y-axis vibration generator, and the other is fixedly connected to the work surface;
所述第一轴向传振机构包括上、 下夹板以及中心嵌板， 所述上、 下夹板 上下相对水平布置， 中心嵌板位于上、 下夹板之间， 上、 下夹板相对夹持中 心嵌板， 中心嵌板的上表面与上夹板的下表面间隙配合形成上配合平面， 中 心嵌板的下表面与下夹板的上表面间隙配合形成下配合平面， 上、 下夹板或 高压油， 在上配合平面间隙和下配合平面间隙中形成静压油膜， 构成静压平 面轴承机构； 该静压平面轴承机构与 Z轴向振动发生器、 工作台面的连接关 系为： The first axial vibration transmitting mechanism comprises upper and lower clamping plates and a central panel, wherein the upper and lower clamping plates are arranged horizontally opposite to each other, the central panel is located between the upper and lower clamping plates, and the upper and lower clamping plates are embedded with respect to the clamping center. The upper surface of the center panel and the lower surface of the upper plate cooperate to form an upper matching plane, and the lower surface of the center panel and the upper surface of the lower plate cooperate to form a lower matching plane, upper and lower splints or high-pressure oil, Forming a static pressure oil film in the plane gap and the lower matching plane gap to form a static pressure flat Face bearing mechanism; the connection relationship between the static pressure plane bearing mechanism and the Z-axis vibration generator and the work surface is:
所述中心嵌板与工作台面固定连接， '所述上夹板或下夹板经连接件与 Z 轴向振动发生器的固定连接； 、  The central panel is fixedly connected to the work surface, and the upper or lower clamp is fixedly connected to the Z-axis vibration generator via the connecting member;
或者， 所述上夹板或下夹板与工作台面固定连接， 或上夹板的上表面作 为工作台面； 所述中心嵌板经连接件与 Z轴向振动发生器的固定连接。  Alternatively, the upper or lower jaws are fixedly coupled to the work surface, or the upper surface of the upper clamp is used as a work surface; the central panel is fixedly coupled to the Z-axis vibration generator via the connector.
上述两个技术方案中的有关内容解释如下：  The relevant content of the above two technical solutions is explained as follows:
1、 上述方案中， 所述 Z轴向、 X轴向、 Y轴向振动发生器可以采用电动 振动台、 机械振动台、 液压振动台或机械振动机构， 其中机械振动机构是指 能够产生机械振动的机构。  1. In the above solution, the Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis vibration generators may be an electric vibration table, a mechanical vibration table, a hydraulic vibration table or a mechanical vibration mechanism, wherein the mechanical vibration mechanism refers to capable of generating mechanical vibration. Agency.
2、 上述方案中， 所述上、 下夹板穿置有拉力螺钉， 上、 下夹板通过拉 力螺钉连接构成可调间距式夹持结构。使用时，可通过旋动拉力螺钉调整上、 下夹板的间距， 即调整配合平面间的间隙大小， 调节静压油膜的刚度。  2. In the above solution, the upper and lower clamping plates are provided with lag screws, and the upper and lower clamping plates are connected by tension screws to form an adjustable spacing clamping structure. In use, the pitch of the upper and lower plates can be adjusted by rotating the lag screw, that is, adjusting the gap between the mating planes to adjust the stiffness of the hydrostatic oil film.
3、 上述方案中， 还包括一 Z轴导向支架， 该 Z轴导向支架相对 Z轴向 振动发生器的台体固定， 所述 Z轴导向支架上沿 Z轴开设有导向孔， 所述连 接件中部穿过所述导向孔， 所述导向孔的内表面与连接件的外表面间隙配合 构成配合面， 该配合面间泵入高压油， 形成静压油膜， 构成静压轴承导向结 构。  3. The above solution further includes a Z-axis guide bracket fixed to the base of the Z-axis vibration generator, and the Z-axis guide bracket is provided with a guide hole along the Z-axis, the connecting member The middle portion passes through the guiding hole, and the inner surface of the guiding hole cooperates with the outer surface of the connecting member to form a mating surface, and the high-pressure oil is pumped between the mating surfaces to form a hydrostatic oil film to form a hydrostatic bearing guiding structure.
4、 上述方案中， 所述工作台面的周向至 Z轴导向支架周向之间连接有 闭， 以防灰尘等杂物进入静压轴承处。  4. In the above solution, the circumferential direction of the work surface is connected to the circumferential direction of the Z-axis guide bracket to prevent dust and other debris from entering the static pressure bearing.
本发明的设计构思是： 多年来， 申请人对现有各类三轴振动复合试验装 置（特别是现有三轴向静压轴承式振动复合试验装置）进行了深入试验分析。 经多次试验论证， 发现垂直 Z轴向振动时的频响特性、 工作频率上限等性能 指标较水平 X轴向、 水平 Y轴向差很多， 即垂直 Z轴向的振动工作频率即 决定了整个装置的工作频率。 故申请人在改进三轴向静压轴承式振动复合试 验装置时， 保留其垂直 Z轴向上的静压平面轴承作为轴向传振机构， 而将 X 轴向、 Y轴向的轴向传振机构改为十字直线导轨副， 可使三轴复合的工作频 率范围提高至 2000Hz以上。 具体分析如下： 因 X轴向、 Y轴向的轴向传振 机构改为十字直线导轨副， 使工作台面侧部不用置压力施加板， 可以尽可能 地缩短工作台面至垂直 Z轴向上的 Z轴向振动发生器的距离（即降低了工作 台面）， 从而提高了整体的刚性、 减少了运动部件的质量。 刚性提高及运动 部质量下降， 这两点使工作频率上限近一步提高。 并且， 十字直线导轨副可 采用外购件， 从而简化了结构， 降低了制造的难度， 降低制造成本。 The design concept of the present invention is: Over the years, the applicant has conducted in-depth test analysis on various types of triaxial vibration composite test devices (especially existing three-axis hydrostatic bearing vibration composite test devices). After many experiments and demonstrations, it is found that the performance characteristics such as the frequency response characteristic and the upper limit of the operating frequency in the vertical Z-axis vibration are much different from the horizontal X-axis and the horizontal Y-axis, that is, the vibration working frequency of the vertical Z-axis determines the whole. The operating frequency of the device. Therefore, when the applicant improved the three-axis static pressure bearing type vibration composite test device, the static pressure plane bearing in the vertical Z-axis was retained as the axial vibration-transmitting mechanism, and the axial direction of the X-axis and the Y-axis was transmitted. The vibration mechanism is changed to a cross linear guide pair, which can increase the operating frequency range of the three-axis composite to above 2000 Hz. The specific analysis is as follows: Since the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to the cross-linear guide pair, the pressure application plate is not required on the side of the work surface, and the work surface can be shortened as much as possible to the vertical Z-axis. The distance of the Z-axis vibration generator (ie, the work surface is reduced), thereby increasing the overall rigidity and reducing the quality of the moving parts. The increase in rigidity and the deterioration in the quality of the moving parts have led to a further increase in the upper limit of the operating frequency. And, the cross linear guide pair can The use of purchased parts simplifies the structure, reduces manufacturing difficulty, and reduces manufacturing costs.
本发明有以下三种使用情况：  The invention has the following three use cases:
第一种： 单轴向作用的振动试验； 如进行 z轴向振动试验时， 只要起动 z轴向振动发生器发出 Z轴向的振动， 因工作台面与振动发生器间经第一轴 向传振机构连接， 轴向传振方向正是 Z轴向， 而 X轴向和 Y轴向为自由滑 动配合， Z轴向振动发生器发出的振动经第一轴向传振机构传递给工作台面， 实现单 Z轴向的振动试验。 进行 X轴向和 Y轴向振动时也只要起动相对应 方向上的振动发生器即可， 工作过程与上述相似。  The first type: vibration test with uniaxial action; if the z-axis vibration test is performed, as long as the z-axis vibration generator is activated to emit the Z-axis vibration, the first axial transmission is transmitted between the work surface and the vibration generator. The vibration mechanism is connected, the axial vibration transmission direction is the Z-axis direction, and the X-axis and the Y-axis are free-sliding cooperation, and the vibration generated by the Z-axis vibration generator is transmitted to the work surface through the first axial vibration transmission mechanism. A single Z axial vibration test is achieved. When the X-axis and Y-axis vibrations are performed, it is only necessary to start the vibration generator in the corresponding direction, and the working process is similar to the above.
第二种： 两个轴方同时作用的复合振动试验； 虽产品应用中的振动环境 本质上是三轴同时发生的， 当其中一个轴向与其余两向相比振动很小以至于 可以忽略， 或者其中一个轴向对振动试验的结果影响不大， 我们可以对试件 使用两个轴向同时振动试验， 相比两个轴向分开振动， 它可以更准确地复现 真实工况。 使用时， 起动相对应的两个轴向上的振动发生器即可， 它们发出 的振动会经轴向传振机构传递至工作台面上迭加作用， 实现两轴向复合振动 试验。  The second type: the combined vibration test of two axial forces simultaneously; although the vibration environment in the product application is essentially three-axis simultaneous, when one of the axial directions is small compared to the other two directions, the vibration is so negligible. Or one of the axial directions has little effect on the vibration test results. We can use two axial simultaneous vibration tests on the test piece, which can more accurately reproduce the real working condition than the two axially separated vibrations. In use, the corresponding two axial vibration generators can be started, and the vibrations generated by them are transmitted to the work surface by the axial vibration transmission mechanism to realize the two-axis composite vibration test.
第三种： 三个轴向同时作用的复合振动试验； 三轴向复合振动最接近自 然真实的环境。 使用时， 起动三个振动发生器， 三个振动发生器发出的振动 经轴向传振机构同时迭加作用在工作台面上， 实现三轴向复合振动试 ¾r。  The third type: Three-axis simultaneous vibration test; the triaxial composite vibration is closest to the natural environment. In use, three vibration generators are activated, and the vibrations generated by the three vibration generators are simultaneously superimposed on the work surface by the axial vibration transmission mechanism to realize the triaxial composite vibration test.
与现有技术相比， 本发明的优点有：  Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:
1、 由于本发明的特殊结构， 因 X轴向、 Y轴向的轴向传振机构改为十 字直线导轨副， 使工作台面侧部不用布置压力施加板, 尽可能地缩短了工作 台面至垂直 Z轴向上的 Z轴向振动发生器的距离 （即降低了工作台面）， 从 而提高了整体的刚性。  1. Due to the special structure of the present invention, the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to the cross-linear guide pair, so that the pressure application plate is not disposed on the side of the work surface, and the work surface is shortened as much as possible. The Z-axis vibration generator in the Z-axis is at a distance (i.e., the work surface is lowered), thereby increasing the overall rigidity.
2、 由于本发明的特殊结构， 因 X轴向、 Y轴向的轴向传振机构改为十 字直线导轨副， 使工作台面侧部不用布置压力施加板， 减少了中间立方体， 同时减少了三轴向的运动部件的质量。  2. Due to the special structure of the present invention, the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to the cross-linear guide pair, so that the pressure application plate is not disposed on the side of the work surface, the intermediate cube is reduced, and the intermediate cube is reduced. The quality of the axial moving parts.
3、 本发明刚性提高及运动部质量的下降， 这两点使工作频率上限进一 步提高。  3. The rigidity of the present invention is improved and the quality of the moving part is lowered. These two points further increase the upper limit of the operating frequency.
4、 由于本发明的特殊结构， 因 X轴向、 Y轴向的轴向传振机构改为十 字直线导轨副， 降低工作台面， 从而提高了抗倾覆力矩的能力。  4. Due to the special structure of the present invention, the axial transmission mechanism of the X-axis and the Y-axis is changed to a ten-line linear guide pair to lower the work surface, thereby improving the ability to resist the overturning moment.
5、 本发明十字直线导轨副可采用外购件， 筒化了整体结构， 降低了制 造的难度， 大幅降低制造成本。  5. The cross-linear guide pair of the invention can adopt the purchased parts, and the overall structure is compressed, which reduces the difficulty of manufacture and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.
附图说明 附图 1为现有十字导轨式三轴向振动复合试-险装置的结构主视示意图； 附图 2为附图 1的俯视示意图； DRAWINGS 1 is a front view showing the structure of a conventional cross rail type three-axis vibration composite test device; FIG. 2 is a top plan view of FIG.
附图 3为现有静压式三轴向振动复合试验装置的结构示意图；  3 is a schematic structural view of a conventional static pressure type three-axis vibration composite test device;
附图 4为本发明实施例一结构主视示意图；  4 is a front elevational view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention;
附图 5为附图 4的俯视示意图；  Figure 5 is a top plan view of Figure 4;
附图 6为本发明实施例二结构主视示意图；  Figure 6 is a front elevational view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;
附图 7为附图 6的俯视示意图；  Figure 7 is a top plan view of Figure 6;
附图 8为本发明实施例三结构俯视示意图。  Figure 8 is a top plan view showing the structure of the third embodiment of the present invention.
以上附图中： 1、 工作台面； 2、 振动发生器； 3、 十字交叉的直线导轨 副； 4、 滑块； 5、 横向导轨； 6、 纵向导轨； 7、 中间立方体； 8、 压力施加 板； 9、 静压油膜； 10、 连接轴； 11、； 12、 导轨； 13、 附加台面； 20、 工作 台面； 21、 Z轴向振动发生器； 22、 X轴向振动发生器； 23、 Y轴向振动发 生器； 24、 第一轴向传振机构； 25、 第二轴向传振机构； 26、 第三轴向传振 机构； 27、 上夹板； 28、 下夹板； 29、 中心嵌板； 30、 注油通道； 31、 滑块； 32、 横向导轨； 33、 纵向导轨； 34、 拉力螺钉； 35、 Z轴导向支架； 36、 导 向孔； 37、 连接件； 38、 静压油膜； 39、 环形防尘膜； 40、 直线导轨连接件； 41、 连接体； 42、 避让槽； 43、 避让槽； 44、 附加台面； 45、 静压油膜。 具体实施方式  In the above drawings: 1. Work surface; 2. Vibration generator; 3. Cross-line linear guide pair; 4. Slider; 5. Lateral guide rail; 6. Longitudinal guide rail; 7. Intermediate cube; 8. Pressure application plate 9, static pressure oil film; 10, connecting shaft; 11, 12, rail; 13, additional table; 20, countertop; 21, Z axial vibration generator; 22, X axial vibration generator; 23, Y Axial vibration generator; 24, first axial vibration transmission mechanism; 25, second axial vibration transmission mechanism; 26, third axial vibration transmission mechanism; 27, upper clamp plate; 28, lower clamp plate; 30; oil filling passage; 31, slider; 32, transverse rail; 33, longitudinal rail; 34, lag screw; 35, Z-axis guide bracket; 36, guide hole; 37, connecting piece; 38, static pressure oil film; 39, ring dust-proof film; 40, linear guide connector; 41, connector; 42, escape groove; 43, escape groove; 44, additional table; 45, static pressure oil film. detailed description
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：  The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
实施例一： 参见附图 4 - 5所示， 一种三轴向振动复合试验装置， 具有 一个工作台面 20, 该工作台面 20在垂直的 Z轴向上经第一轴向传振机构 24 连接 Z轴向振动发生器 21 , 在水平 X轴向上经第二轴向传振机构 25连接 X 轴向振动发生器 22,在水平 Y轴向上经第三轴向传振机构 26连接 Y轴向振 动发生器 23。  Embodiment 1: Referring to FIG. 4-5, a triaxial vibration composite test device has a work surface 20 which is connected via a first axial vibration transmission mechanism 24 in a vertical Z-axis direction. The Z-axis vibration generator 21 is connected to the X-axis vibration generator 22 via the second axial vibration transmission mechanism 25 in the horizontal X-axis direction, and is connected to the Y-axis via the third axial vibration transmission mechanism 26 in the horizontal Y-axis direction. To the vibration generator 23.
所述第一轴向传振机构 24包括上、 下夹板 27、 28以及中心嵌板 29, 所 述工作台面 20下设一连接体 41， 该连接体 41截面为 "H形"， 其周向壁顶 端与工作台面 20底面固定连接， 其中心横向板体即为中心嵌板 29, 所述上、 下夹板 27、 28相对水平分置于连接体 41的中心横向板体（即中心嵌板 29 ) 的上下， 中心嵌板 29的中心开避让槽 42， 上、 下夹板 27、 28中心经避让槽 42穿置拉力螺钉 34， 上、 下夹板 27、 28过拉力螺钉 34连接， 上、 下夹板 27、 28相对夹持中心嵌板 29。 避让槽 42的大小需大于本装置 X轴向及 Y 轴向的移动范围， 工作过程中， 拉力螺钉 34不会碰及槽 42的侧壁。 上夹板 上表面与中心嵌板 29的下表面间隙配合构成下配合平面， 上、 下夹板 27、 28 上设有向上配合平面间隙和下配合平面间隙注油的注油通道 30， 泵入高 压油， 在上配合平面间隙和下配合平面间隙中形成静压油膜 45 , 构成静压平 面轴承机构； 通过调节拉力螺钉 34可以调整上、 下夹板 27、 28的间距， 即 调节配合平面的间隙， 调节静压油膜 45的刚度。 The first axial vibration transmitting mechanism 24 includes upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 and a central panel 29. The working surface 20 is provided with a connecting body 41. The connecting body 41 has an "H-shaped" cross section and a circumferential wall top end thereof. The bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the work surface 20, and the central horizontal plate body is the center panel 29, and the upper and lower plates 27, 28 are horizontally disposed horizontally on the central transverse plate body of the connecting body 41 (ie, the center panel 29). Up and down, the center of the center panel 29 avoids the groove 42. The center of the upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 are inserted through the relief groove 42 through the lag screw 34, and the upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 are connected by the lag screw 34, and the upper and lower clamping plates 27, 28 is opposite to the center panel 29. The size of the escape groove 42 needs to be larger than the movement range of the X-axis and the Y-axis of the device, and the lag screw 34 does not hit the side wall of the groove 42 during operation. Upper splint The upper surface is matched with the lower surface of the central panel 29 to form a lower matching plane, and the upper and lower clamping plates 27 and 28 are provided with an oil filling passage 30 which is matched with the plane clearance and the lower matching plane clearance, and is pumped with high-pressure oil. The static pressure oil film 45 is formed in the plane clearance and the lower matching plane gap to form a static pressure plane bearing mechanism; the spacing of the upper and lower clamping plates 27, 28 can be adjusted by adjusting the lag screw 34, that is, the gap of the matching plane is adjusted, and the static pressure oil film 45 is adjusted. The stiffness.
所述静压平面轴承机构与 Z轴向振动发生器 21、 工作台面 20的连接关 系为： 所述中心嵌板 29经连接体 41与工作台面 20固定连接， 所述下夹板 28经连接件 37 (具体为一空心轴件） 与 Z轴向振动发生器 21 固定连接。  The connection relationship between the static pressure plane bearing mechanism and the Z-axis vibration generator 21 and the work surface 20 is: the center panel 29 is fixedly connected to the work surface 20 via the connecting body 41, and the lower clamp plate 28 is connected via the connecting member 37. (specifically a hollow shaft member) is fixedly connected to the Z-axis vibration generator 21.
所述第二轴向传振动机构 25和第三轴向传振机构 26均为十字直线导轨 副， 每个十字直线导轨副包括一个滑块 31、 一个横向导轨 32以及一个纵向 导轨 33 , 横向导轨 32和纵向导轨 33十字交叉布置于滑块 31的两侧， 且与 滑块 31构成滑动连接； 横向导轨 32和纵向导轨 33两者中， 纵向导轨 33经 直线导轨连接件 40与 X轴向或 Y轴向振动发生器 22、 23固定连接，横向导 轨 32具体与连接体 41的周向侧壁固定连接， 最终连接至工作台面 20上。  The second axial transmission vibration mechanism 25 and the third axial vibration transmission mechanism 26 are both cross linear guide pairs, and each cross linear guide pair includes a slider 31, a lateral rail 32 and a longitudinal rail 33, and a transverse rail. 32 and the longitudinal rails 33 are arranged at the opposite sides of the slider 31 and are slidably connected to the slider 31. Among the lateral rails 32 and the longitudinal rails 33, the longitudinal rails 33 are linearly coupled to the X-axis or The Y-axis vibration generators 22, 23 are fixedly connected, and the lateral rails 32 are specifically fixedly coupled to the circumferential side walls of the connecting body 41, and finally connected to the work surface 20.
上述装置还包括一 Z轴导向支架 35， 该 Z轴导向支架 35底部对 Z轴振 动台台体固定， 所述 Z轴导向支架 35上沿 Z轴开设有导向孔 36, 所述连接 件 37中部穿过所述导向孔 36, 所述导向孔 36的内表面与连接件（具体为一 空心轴件） 37的外表面间隙配合构成配合面， 且该配合面间泵入高压油， 形 成静压油膜 38 , 构成静压轴承导向结构。 在连接体 41底部的周向至 Z轴导 向支架 35的顶部周向之间连接有一环形防尘膜 39, 将两者间的周向间隙封 闭， 以免使用中外界灰尘等进入静压平面轴承内部。  The device further includes a Z-axis guide bracket 35. The bottom of the Z-axis guide bracket 35 is fixed to the Z-axis vibrating table body. The Z-axis guide bracket 35 is provided with a guiding hole 36 along the Z-axis. Through the guiding hole 36, the inner surface of the guiding hole 36 is matched with the outer surface of the connecting member (specifically, a hollow shaft member) 37 to form a mating surface, and the high pressure oil is pumped between the mating surfaces to form a static pressure. The oil film 38 constitutes a hydrostatic bearing guiding structure. An annular dustproof film 39 is connected between the circumferential direction of the bottom of the connecting body 41 and the top circumferential direction of the Z-axis guide bracket 35, and the circumferential gap between the two is sealed to prevent the external dust or the like from entering the inside of the hydrostatic plane bearing.
本实施例有以下三种使用方式： 第一种： X、 Y或 Z轴向单独作用的振 动试验； 第二种： 两个轴向同时作用的复合振动试验； 第三种： 三个轴向同 时作用的复合振动试验， 在进行三个方向同时作用的复合振动试验时， 可以 通过人为设计并协调各振动发生器的振动波形， 使三轴向复合振动复现出真 实工况下的自然振动波形， 使之达到最接近自然真实振动效果。  The present embodiment has the following three modes of use: First: a vibration test in which the X, Y or Z axis acts alone; Second: a combined vibration test in which two axial directions act simultaneously; Third: three axial directions At the same time, the composite vibration test, when performing the combined vibration test in the three directions simultaneously, can artificially design and coordinate the vibration waveform of each vibration generator to make the triaxial composite vibration reproduce the natural vibration under real working conditions. The waveform is brought to the closest natural sound effect.
实施例二： 参见附图 6 ~ 7所示， 一种三轴向振动复合试验装置， 具有 一个工作台面 20, 与实施例一的区别在于： 没有连接体 41， 直接将上夹板 27的上表面作为工作台面 20， 中心嵌板 29的底面固连连接件 37， 经连接件 37与 Z轴向振动发生器 21的振动体连接； 下夹板 28上避让连接件 37开有 避让槽 43;所述上夹板 27的侧部直接与第二轴向传振机构 25和第三轴向传 振机构 26中的横向导轨 32固定连接。 在上夹板 27底部的周向至 Z轴导向 支架 35的顶部周向之间连接有一环形防尘膜 39, 以封闭两者间的周向， 防 灰尘进入。 Embodiment 2: Referring to Figures 6-7, a three-axis vibration composite test device has a work surface 20, which differs from the first embodiment in that: without the connection body 41, the upper surface of the upper clamp plate 27 is directly disposed. As the work surface 20, the bottom surface of the center panel 29 is fixed to the connecting member 37, and is connected to the vibrating body of the Z-axis vibration generator 21 via the connecting member 37; the lower cleat 28 is provided with the avoiding groove 43; The side portions of the upper clamping plate 27 are directly fixedly coupled to the lateral rails 32 of the second axial vibration transmitting mechanism 25 and the third axial vibration transmitting mechanism 26. An annular dustproof film 39 is connected between the circumferential direction of the bottom of the upper clamp plate 27 and the top circumferential direction of the Z-axis guide bracket 35 to close the circumferential direction between the two. Dust enters.
实施例三： 参见附图 8 所示， 一种三轴向振动复合试 装置， 包括一 个工作台面 20、 三个振动发生器以及三个轴向传振机构； 与实施例一的区别 在于：所述第二轴向传振机构 25和第三轴向传振机构 26为十字直线导轨副， 每个十字直线导轨副各包括一横向导轨 32、 两纵向导轨 33以及两滑块 31， 两纵向导轨 33平行并列设置， 横向导轨 32和两纵向导轨 33十字交叉分布， 在两个交叉点上各设一滑块 31 , 当然， 横向导轨 32和纵向导轨 33与滑块 31间还是滑动连接。 两个并列的第二轴向传振机构 25/第三轴向传振机构 26 中的纵向导轨 33通过附加台面 44与 X轴向振动发生器 22/Y轴向振动发生 器 23固定连接。  Embodiment 3: Referring to FIG. 8, a three-axis vibration composite test device includes a work surface 20, three vibration generators, and three axial vibration transmission mechanisms. The difference from the first embodiment is: The second axial vibration transmitting mechanism 25 and the third axial vibration transmitting mechanism 26 are cross linear guide pairs, and each of the straight linear guide pairs includes a lateral rail 32, two longitudinal rails 33 and two sliders 31, and two longitudinal rails. The parallel rails 32 and the two longitudinal rails 33 are arranged in a crosswise manner, and a slider 31 is disposed at each of the two intersections. Of course, the lateral rails 32 and the longitudinal rails 33 are slidably connected with the sliders 31. The longitudinal rails 33 of the two juxtaposed second axial transmission mechanisms 25/third axial transmission mechanisms 26 are fixedly coupled to the X-axis vibration generator 22/Y axial vibration generator 23 via an additional table 44.
其它同实施例一， 这里不再赘述。  Others are the same as the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
上述实施例三是工作台面 20 面积尺寸较大时， 故在此情况下采用的具 两纵向导轨 33 的十字直线导轨副。 实际使用中， 十字直线导轨副中横向导 轨 32、 纵向导轨 33以及滑块 31的具体数量不限， 可按工作台面 20的面积 大小及厚度调整。  In the third embodiment, when the work surface 20 has a large area, a cross-linear guide pair having two longitudinal guides 33 is used in this case. In actual use, the specific number of the horizontal guide rail 32, the longitudinal guide rail 33, and the slider 31 in the cross linear guide pair is not limited, and can be adjusted according to the size and thickness of the work surface 20.
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点， 其目的在于让熟悉此项 技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施， 并不能以此限制本发明的保 护范围。 凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰， 都应涵盖在本发明 的保护范围之内。  The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and the features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent variations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 Claims
1、 一种三轴向振动复合试验装置， 具有一个工作台面（20), 该工作台面 ( 20 )在垂直的 Z轴向上经第一传振机构（ 24 )连接 Z轴向振动发生器（ 21 )， 在水平的 X轴向上经第二轴向传振机构 （25) 连接 X轴向振动发生器 （22)， 在水平的 Y轴向上经第三振动发生器（23)连接 Y轴向振动发生器（23)， 其 特征在于： 所述第二轴向传振动机构 (25)和第三轴向传振机构（26)均为十 字直线导轨副， 所述十字直线导轨副包括滑块（31)、 横向导轨（32) 以及纵 向导轨（33), 横向导轨（32)和纵向导轨（33) 十字交叉布置于滑块 （31) 的两侧， 且与滑块（31 )构成滑动连接； 横向导轨（32)和纵向导轨（33) 两 者中，一者与 X轴向或 Y轴向振动发生器的固定连接，另一者与工作台面（ 20 ) 固定连接；  A three-axis vibration composite test device having a work surface (20) connected to a Z-axis vibration generator via a first vibration transmission mechanism (24) in a vertical Z-axis ( 21), connecting the X-axis vibration generator (22) via the second axial vibration-transmitting mechanism (25) in the horizontal X-axis, and connecting Y through the third vibration generator (23) in the horizontal Y-axis direction The axial vibration generator (23) is characterized in that: the second axial transmission vibration mechanism (25) and the third axial vibration transmission mechanism (26) are both cross linear guide pairs, and the cross linear guide pair includes The slider (31), the lateral rail (32) and the longitudinal rail (33), the lateral rail (32) and the longitudinal rail (33) are arranged at the opposite sides of the slider (31) and are formed with the slider (31) Sliding connection; one of the transverse rail (32) and the longitudinal rail (33), one of which is fixedly connected to the X-axis or Y-axis vibration generator, and the other is fixedly connected to the work surface (20);
所述第一轴向传振机构（ 24 )包括上、下夹板（ 27、 28 )以及中心嵌板（ 29 )， 所述上、 下夹板（27、 28)上下相对水平布置， 中心嵌板（29)位于上、 下夹 板（27、 28)之间， 上、 下夹板（27、 28)相对夹持中心嵌板（29), 中心嵌 板（29)的上表面与上夹板（27)的下表面间隙配合形成上配合平面， 中心嵌 板（29)的下表面与下夹板（28)的上表面间隙配合形成下配合平面， 上、 下 夹板（27、 28)或中心嵌板（29)上设有向上配合平面间隙和下配合平面间隙 注油的注油通道（30)， 泵入高压油， 在上配合平面间隙和下配合平面间隙中 形成静压油膜（45), 构成静压平面轴 7?机构； 该静压平面轴承机构与 Z轴向 振动发生器 （21)、 工作台面 （20) 的连接关系为：  The first axial vibration transmitting mechanism (24) includes upper and lower clamping plates (27, 28) and a central panel (29), the upper and lower clamping plates (27, 28) are arranged horizontally above and below, and the central panel ( 29) Between the upper and lower splints (27, 28), the upper and lower splints (27, 28) are opposite to the clamping center panel (29), the upper surface of the center panel (29) and the upper splint (27) The lower surface clearance fits to form an upper mating plane, and the lower surface of the center panel (29) cooperates with the upper surface of the lower jaw (28) to form a lower mating plane, upper and lower splints (27, 28) or center panel (29) An oil filling passage (30) is provided with an upward matching plane clearance and a lower matching plane clearance oil injection, pumping high pressure oil, forming a static pressure oil film (45) in the upper matching plane clearance and the lower matching plane clearance, forming a static pressure plane shaft 7 Mechanism; The connection relationship between the static pressure plane bearing mechanism and the Z-axis vibration generator (21) and the work surface (20) is:
所述中心嵌板（29)与工作台面 （20) 固定连接， 所述上夹板（27)或下 夹板（28) 经连接件 （37) 与 Z轴向振动发生器 （21 ) 的固定连接；  The central panel (29) is fixedly connected to the work surface (20), and the upper clamp (27) or the lower clamp (28) is fixedly connected to the Z-axis vibration generator (21) via the connecting member (37);
或者， 所述上夹板（27)或下夹板（28)与工作台面 （20) 固定连接， 或 上夹板（ 27 )的上表面作为工作台面（ 20 ); 所述中心嵌板（ 29 )经连接件（ 37 ) 与 Z轴向振动发生器 （21 ) 的固定连接。  Alternatively, the upper clamp (27) or the lower clamp (28) is fixedly connected to the work surface (20), or the upper surface of the upper clamp (27) serves as a work surface (20); the central panel (29) is connected The piece (37) is fixedly connected to the Z-axis vibration generator (21).
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴向振动复合试验装置， 其特征在于： 所述 上、 下夹板（27、 28)设有拉力螺钉（34)， 上、 下夹板（27、 28)通过拉力 螺钉（ 34 ) 连接构成可调间距式夹持结构。  2. The triaxial vibration composite test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: said upper and lower splints (27, 28) are provided with lag screws (34), and upper and lower splints (27, 28) are passed. The lag screw (34) is connected to form an adjustable pitch clamping structure.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴向振动复合试验装置， 其特征在于： 还包 括一 Z轴导向支架（ 35 ), 该 Z轴导向支架（ 35 )相对 Z轴向振动发生器（ 21 ) 的台体固定， 所述 Z轴导向支架 （35)上沿 Z轴开设有导向孔（36), 所述连 接件 （37) 中部穿过所述导向孔（36), 所述导向孔 （36) 的内表面与连接件 3. The triaxial vibration composite test apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a Z-axis guide bracket (35), the Z-axis guide bracket (35) relative to the Z-axis vibration generator (21) The guide body (36) is disposed on the Z-axis guide bracket (35) along the Z-axis, and the middle portion of the connecting member (37) passes through the guide hole (36), and the guide hole (36) Inner surface and connector
(37)的外表面间隙配合构成配合面， 泵入高压油， 该配合面间形成静压油膜 (38) , 构成静压轴承导向结构。 (37) The outer surface clearance fits to form a mating surface, pumping high pressure oil, and forming a hydrostatic oil film between the mating surfaces (38), constitutes the hydrostatic bearing guiding structure.
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的三轴向振动复合试验装置， 其特征在于： 所述 工作台面 （20) 的周向至 Z 轴导向支架 （35)周向之间连接有一环形防尘膜 4. The triaxial vibration composite test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: an annular dustproof film is connected between the circumferential direction of the work surface (20) and the Z-axis guide bracket (35) in the circumferential direction.
(39)。 (39).
PCT/CN2009/000372 2009-02-13 2009-04-03 Three axial directions vibration compound testing apparatus WO2010091535A1 (en)

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