WO2010080001A2 - Water-containing waste dryer - Google Patents

Water-containing waste dryer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010080001A2
WO2010080001A2 PCT/KR2010/000140 KR2010000140W WO2010080001A2 WO 2010080001 A2 WO2010080001 A2 WO 2010080001A2 KR 2010000140 W KR2010000140 W KR 2010000140W WO 2010080001 A2 WO2010080001 A2 WO 2010080001A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
waste
dryer
containing waste
supply device
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PCT/KR2010/000140
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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WO2010080001A3 (en
Inventor
양시천
조성웅
Original Assignee
주식회사 한국아쿠오시스
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Priority claimed from KR1020090002095A external-priority patent/KR100914701B1/en
Priority claimed from KR1020090040682A external-priority patent/KR20100082699A/en
Application filed by 주식회사 한국아쿠오시스 filed Critical 주식회사 한국아쿠오시스
Publication of WO2010080001A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010080001A2/en
Publication of WO2010080001A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010080001A3/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/008—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement the material being a slurry or paste applied onto moving elements, e.g. chains, plates, for drying thereon, and subsequently removed therefrom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dryer for drying wet waste such as organic / inorganic sludge and its dehydrated cake, food waste, livestock waste, dredged soil and sediment.
  • the reason that sludge is difficult to dehydrate is that the fine particles of the sludge have a very large specific surface area to adsorb a large amount of water.
  • the organic and inorganic coagulant used in the concentration process causes the sludge to contain a lot of water.
  • the microorganisms present in the sludge retain a large amount of water in the cell membrane.
  • the final water content of the sludge is 70 to 90 %, Inorganic matters 40-80%, so recycling is impossible or the scope of use is very limited. Accordingly, the sludge is disposed of by incineration, landfilling, dumping at sea, etc., at the expense of environmental pollution and high disposal costs.
  • Sludge or sludge that has undergone primary dewatering may be dried in contact with hot air in a fluidized or stationary bed, or spread over a wide open stationary bed and dried using solar or air.
  • the former method not only the energy required for evaporation of water in the sludge but also energy waste due to heat discharge of the heat medium air is generated.
  • the drying process as the surface of the sludge is dried first, a dense film is formed, resulting in slow drying. There is a problem. In the latter case, there is a problem that the processing speed is slow and a large treatment area is required, and the work burden for spreading and collecting the dry objects is large, and it is difficult to apply to sludge treatment that is continuously generated in large quantities.
  • Another method of drying the sludge is to irradiate the sludge with electromagnetic waves to evaporate moisture.
  • the electromagnetic irradiation method requires a large irradiation area due to the low permeability to the electromagnetic waves of the sludge. The application was difficult for large sludge treatments.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a water-containing waste dryer that can efficiently remove the water contained in the water-containing waste, and can also make the water-containing waste in a porous structure advantageous in terms of post-treatment, such as additional drying.
  • a continuous dryer body configured to be capable of carrying and transporting water waste; An alternating current flows through a water-containing waste carried on the dryer body to generate Joule heat, thereby providing a water-containing waste dryer including an AC current supply device for evaporating water contained in the water-containing waste.
  • the hydrous waste dried by the joule heat has a porous structure by leaving the space where the water has evaporated remains as an empty space.
  • Water-containing waste dryer may further include a water vapor recovery apparatus for recovering water vapor evaporated during the drying process of the water waste by the AC current supply device.
  • Water-containing waste dryer may further include a water-containing waste supply device configured to enable the continuous supply of water-containing waste as to supply the water to the dryer body.
  • the water-containing waste dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an additive input device for injecting at least one of a plasticizer, electrolyte, flammables and nutrients to the water-containing waste supply device.
  • the AC current supply device may include at least a pair of electrodes disposed to be in contact with the water waste carried on the dryer body.
  • the electrode may be a plate-like and have a porous structure to discharge the vapor to evaporate.
  • the dryer body may be a crawler conveyor.
  • the alternating current supply device includes a plurality of pairs of plate-shaped electrodes, each pair of electrodes being erected to face both sides of the carrier carrying the wastewater while moving to the endless of the conveyor and arranged along the length thereof.
  • an insulating material may be interposed between the neighboring electrodes to prevent contact between the electrodes.
  • the AC current supply device may further include a contact terminal disposed above the conveyor to contact some of the plurality of pairs of electrodes moving to the endless.
  • the opposing electrode may be inclined such that the gap extends upward.
  • the caterpillar conveyor for transporting water waste; An alternating current current flows in the waste water carried on the conveyor to generate Joule heat, thereby including an alternating current supply device for evaporating moisture contained in the waste water, wherein the alternating current supply device is plate-shaped, And a plurality of pairs of electrodes having a porous structure to allow water vapor to be discharged, wherein each pair of electrodes is set up to face both sides of the carrier carrying the wastewater while moving to the endless of the conveyor and disposed adjacent to the length thereof. Dryers may be provided.
  • the dryer body The alternating current flows through the waste water provided to the dryer body to generate Joule heat, thereby providing a waste water dryer including an alternating current supply device for evaporating water contained in the waste water.
  • the dried hydrous waste also has a porous structure in which the evaporated water remains as an empty space.
  • the rate of conversion of the energy supplied to the water vapor in the waste water is high, the dry quickly It can be dried, such as excellent drying efficiency, there is an advantage that can produce a porous dry material having a high useful value of recycling from water waste.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a portion A of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water-containing waste dryer according to the present invention can be treated as any waste containing water, but the main treatment object is a conventional physical method such as organic / inorganic sludge which has been concentrated and dehydrated among water-containing waste. Is waste that is difficult to remove any further moisture.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a portion A of FIG. 1 and 2
  • the water-containing waste dryer according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a water-containing waste supply device 10, the dryer body receiving water-containing waste from the water-containing waste supply device (10) 20) and an alternating current supply device 30 for supplying an alternating current to the waste water supplied to the dryer main body 20, and further including a water vapor recovery device 40 and an additive input device 50. do.
  • Water-containing waste supply device 10 is capable of continuously supplying water-containing waste, it is preferable to use a type configured to enable the stirring of the water-containing waste during the supply of water-containing waste, here, water-containing waste supply device 10
  • a hopper 12 As an extruder, a hopper 12, a body 14, and a screw 16 were used.
  • the water-containing waste introduced into the body 14 through the hopper 12 is transported with stirring by the screw 16 and then extruded through the extrusion port of the body 14 to be supplied to the dryer body 20. .
  • the water waste supply device 10 may be a conveyor rather than such a screw type extruder, and the conveyor as the water waste supply device 10 may include an agitator provided with a screw or a ribbon-shaped wing. .
  • the water-containing waste supply apparatus 10 may further include means for crushing the non-uniform mass when the water-containing waste has a non-uniform mass such as food waste.
  • the dryer body 20 is a crawler conveyor including a frame and a carrier installed to move endlessly to the frame, which tracks the wastewater supplied at a predetermined speed from the wastewater supply device 10. It is transported continuously by the carrier.
  • the carrier of the crawler conveyor means, for example, a belt in the case of a belt conveyor.
  • the tracked conveyor is preferably a mesh conveyor with a net or a slat conveyor with a plurality of continuous slats as its carrier, rather than a belt conveyor, in which a slat conveyor is used.
  • the slat is preferably made of a material having electrical insulation.
  • reference numeral 22 is a slat.
  • the AC current supply device 30 includes a plurality of pairs of electrodes 32, a contact terminal 34, an AC current supply source, and a voltage regulator 36.
  • Each slat 22 is equipped with a pair of electrodes 32.
  • the electrode 32 is plate-shaped and is arranged to serve as a side wall for blocking both sides of the wastewater conveying line on the carrier (slat). That is, it is erected so as to face both sides of the slat 22, and is preferably inclined so that the interval between the facing plate electrodes 32 extends upward. In this way, the contact between the water waste and the electrode 32 is improved by gravity, and a larger amount of water waste can be carried and carried.
  • the plate electrode 32 is made of a conductive material such as metal or graphite.
  • the plate-shaped electrode 32 is configured to have a porous structure (including a mesh). The hole of the plate-shaped electrode 32 facilitates the discharge of water vapor generated during the alternating current flow to the wastewater, and maintains the surrounding wet state.
  • the plate-shaped electrode 32 may have a rod shape.
  • the plate-shaped electrode 32 is equipped with a plate-shaped insulating material 321 for preventing contact between neighboring plate-shaped electrodes 32.
  • the insulating material 321 is interposed between neighboring plate electrodes 32 to prevent an electrical short circuit.
  • Two contact terminals 34 are provided on the outer side of the plate electrode 32 facing each other so as to be positioned on the carrier.
  • the contact terminal 34 is disposed along the direction of movement of the carrier on the outside of the plate-shaped electrode 32 and in this state is mounted to the surrounding components (eg, the frame of the crawler conveyor) by a bracket or the like.
  • 342 and a plurality of branch terminals 344 protruding from the main terminal 342 toward the plate-shaped electrode 32 side.
  • the branch terminal 344 is in sliding contact with the plate-shaped electrode 32 which moves in an endless manner together with the slats 22, and a metal plate having elasticity is applied so that the contact is made smoothly without being released.
  • This metal plate preferably has a length that can be bent to the movement direction side of the carrier by contact with the plate-shaped electrode 32.
  • the contact terminal 34 receives electricity from an AC current source.
  • the alternating current supplied from the alternating current source 36 flows into the wastewater being transported on the caterpillar conveyor through the contact terminal 34 and the plate electrode 32 in contact with the contact terminal 34, and the wastewater flows into the alternating current.
  • Moisture is evaporated by Joule ⁇ due to the current flow.
  • the voltage regulator 36 is used to adjust the voltage. By adjusting, the dryness of the wastewater can be controlled. In general, if the voltage is too low, the amount of heat generation is low and the drying speed is low. On the contrary, if the voltage is too high, sparking may occur. Therefore, the voltage for drying here is preferably 60 to 220V. As the voltage regulator 36, a winding transformer may be applied.
  • a large amount of steam generated in the process of energizing the AC current to the waste water is recovered by the steam recovery device 40, which includes a steam collecting cover 42 and a suction blower 44. do.
  • the steam collecting cover 42 is covered with a steam generating unit, but is installed to prevent interference with the moving carrier and the plate-shaped electrode 32 to prevent loss of steam.
  • the suction blower 44 sucks the steam collected by this steam collecting cover 42.
  • the steam recovered by the steam recovery device 40 may use the heat as it is, or convert it into a form of hot water or hot air through a heat exchanger, and dry the dried product dried by the AC current supply device 30. It can also be used for the purpose of raising the degree.
  • the additive injector 50 injects a plasticizer, an electrolyte, a flammable substance, and a nutrient (including feed and fertilizer components) into the wastewater supply apparatus 10.
  • the injected additive is mixed with the water waste by the stirring action of the water waste supply device 10.
  • the plasticizer serves to improve the drying processability of the wastewater.
  • the plasticizer should be able to maintain the conductivity at the same time as improving the fluidity of the water-containing waste, and should be a component that can be harmless or help to finally recycle.
  • Such plasticizers include hydroxyl-based organic substances such as glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and octanol, alkyl sulfonates, and aryl sulfonates.
  • Sulfonated hydrocarbons such as alkyl aryl sulfonate, alkyl carbonate, or their alkali-type surfactants, ethylene oxide, alcohols, At least one of polar to ionic functional groups such as nonionic surfactants produced by esterification of fatty acids may be used.
  • a dehydrated cake of mud sludge from a sugar process with calcium carbonate, a few organic components and a water content of about 45% is dried to around 20% of water content and is a feed compound for livestock.
  • the mud sludge has undergone a press filtering dehydration process, and has a slightly rigid cake shape, which results in poor processability.
  • a plasticizer may be added for smooth continuous processing, and as the plasticizer, 10 parts of glycerin relative to the solid content in the sludge may be used.
  • the amount of plasticizer added at this time may be appropriately changed depending on the water content of the sludge, the conditions of the facility, and the like.
  • Flammables and nutrients improve the utility of recycling dry matter dried by the AC current supply device (30).
  • the combustible material at least one of coal, charcoal, wood flour, rice husk, glassy carbon, combustible plastic pieces, combustible fiber pieces, rubber pieces, oil, and the like having exothermic reactivity during combustion may be used. .
  • the dry matter dried by the AC current supply device 30 on the crawler conveyor may be taken out as it is, or may be crushed by the crusher 60 for carrying out after storage or packaging. In addition, it may be to pass through the distribution device 70 for cooling or further drying, it is not shown in the drawing, but may be separately packed by a predetermined amount through a metering device if necessary.
  • the distribution device 70 may be a vibrating feeder, and cold or hot air may be supplied thereto.
  • Reference numeral 80 denotes a storage tank.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Looking at the second embodiment with reference to Figure 3 as follows.
  • the second embodiment is used, and as shown in Fig. 3, this second embodiment is provided with two dryers 1 and 2, and two dryers 1 and 2, respectively. ) Are arranged to be connected in series with each other.
  • the sludge generated in the sewage treatment process has a high water content and high fluidity, and thus may not require the addition of additives in the first drying step. Therefore, in the first dryer (1) of the two dryers (1) (2), the sludge is supplied to the endless track conveyor (see reference numeral 20A) through the waste water supply device (10A) at a constant rate in the form of pure slurry. Therefore, the sludge supplied to the crawler conveyor evaporates moisture through the alternating current supply on the crawler conveyor. According to this drying treatment, a rough primary dry matter having a water content of about 67% can be obtained.
  • a plasticizer is continuously injected as an additive by the primary dry matter from the 1st dryer 1 and the additive input device 50B to the water-containing waste supply apparatus 10B. Thereafter, the primary building is dried again by an alternating current on a crawler conveyor (see reference numeral 20B), and then crushed by the crusher 60. According to this secondary drying process, a dried product having a water content of 25 to 30% can be obtained.
  • a dried product having a water content of 25 to 30% can be obtained.
  • add 5 to 20 parts of anthracite powder, oil, etc. to the solid content of the dried product to dry the secondary product. If the process is carried out, but the grinding process is omitted, a bulky flammable dry body can be obtained.
  • reference numerals 30A and 30B which are not described are AC current supply devices, 32A is an electrode, 40A and 40B are steam recovery devices, 50A is an additive input device, and other configurations of the second embodiment, including these, Since it is the same as the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the dryer main body 20, 20A, 20B has been described as having a configuration capable of continuously transporting water waste
  • the dryer main body 20, 20A, 20B has a fixed phase structure. May be applied. That is, it may include a drying rack on which water-containing waste is placed, and may further include a cabinet in which the drying rack is accommodated.
  • the second embodiment includes two dryers 1 and 2
  • the second embodiment may include three or more dryers and the three or more dryers may be arranged in series with each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention comprises a dryer body that limits drying space for water-containing waste and an AC current supply that causes AC current to flow within the water-containing waste supplied to the dryer body to generate Joule heat, thus providing a dryer for water-containing waste that can dry water-containing waste efficiently and quickly.

Description

함수폐기물 건조기Wastewater Dryer
본 발명은 유ㆍ무기성 슬러지 및 그 탈수케이크, 음식물쓰레기, 축산폐기물, 준설토, 퇴적물과 같은 함수폐기물(wet waste)을 건조하는 건조기에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dryer for drying wet waste such as organic / inorganic sludge and its dehydrated cake, food waste, livestock waste, dredged soil and sediment.
정수나 하수 처리공정, 또는 도금, 비료, 석유화학, 식품, 요업 등의 생산활동으로 발생되는 유ㆍ무기성 슬러지는 발열성분이나 비료, 기타 유용한 무기성분들이 다량 함유되어 있는 경우가 많으나 농축과 탈수공정을 거친 후에도 여전히 함수율이 높아 재활용되지 못하고 그 대부분이 소각, 매립, 해양투기 등의 방식으로 처리될 때가 많다.Organic and inorganic sludges produced by water purification, sewage treatment processes, or production activities such as plating, fertilizers, petrochemicals, foods, ceramics, etc. often contain large amounts of exothermic ingredients, fertilizers, and other useful inorganic components. Even after the process, the water content is still high and cannot be recycled, and most of them are disposed of by incineration, landfilling, and dumping at sea.
슬러지를 탈수하기 어려운 이유로는 슬러지의 입자가 미세함에 따라 매우 큰 비표면적을 가져 다량의 수분을 흡착한다는 점, 농축공정에서 사용되는 유ㆍ무기성 응집제가 슬러지로 하여금 많은 수분을 함유하게 한다는 점, 슬러지에 존재하는 미생물들이 세포막 내에 다량의 수분을 보지한다는 점 등이 있는데, 물리적인 탈수방법(압착여과, 원심탈수, 진공여과 등)을 동원하더라도 슬러지의 최종 함수율은, 유기성의 경우에는 70~90%, 무기성의 경우에는 40~80%에 달하므로 재활용이 불가능하거나 이용범위가 매우 한정적일 수밖에 없다. 이에 따라서, 환경오염의 피해와 많은 처리비용 등을 감수하면서 슬러지를 소각, 매립, 해양투기 등의 방식으로 폐기하는 것이다.The reason that sludge is difficult to dehydrate is that the fine particles of the sludge have a very large specific surface area to adsorb a large amount of water.The organic and inorganic coagulant used in the concentration process causes the sludge to contain a lot of water. The microorganisms present in the sludge retain a large amount of water in the cell membrane. Even though physical dehydration methods (compression filtration, centrifugal dehydration, vacuum filtration, etc.) are used, the final water content of the sludge is 70 to 90 %, Inorganic matters 40-80%, so recycling is impossible or the scope of use is very limited. Accordingly, the sludge is disposed of by incineration, landfilling, dumping at sea, etc., at the expense of environmental pollution and high disposal costs.
슬러지 또는 1차 탈수를 거친 슬러지는 유동상 또는 고정상의 장치 내부에서 열풍과 접촉시키는 방식으로 건조시키거나 넓고 개방된 고정상에 펼쳐 놓고 태양열 또는 대기를 이용하여 건조시키기도 한다. 그러나 전자의 방식은 슬러지 내의 수분 증발에 필요한 에너지만이 아니라 열매체인 공기의 가열배출에 따른 에너지 낭비가 발생되는 데다, 건조과정에서 슬러지 덩어리 표면이 먼저 건조됨에 따라 치밀한 피막이 생겨 내부의 건조가 더디다는 문제점이 있다. 후자의 경우에는 처리속도가 느리고 넓은 처리면적이 필요한 데다, 피건조물을 펼치고 수집하는 데 따른 작업상의 부담도 커서, 연속으로 대량 발생되는 슬러지 처리에는 적용이 어렵다는 문제가 있다. 슬러지의 다른 건조법으로는 슬러지에 전자파를 조사하여 수분을 증발시키는 방식이 있는데, 이 전자파 조사방식은 슬러지가 가지는 전자파에 대한 낮은 투과성 때문에 넓은 조사면적을 필요로 하므로 장치가 매우 커야 하는 문제가 있어, 다량의 슬러지 처리에는 적용이 어려웠다.Sludge or sludge that has undergone primary dewatering may be dried in contact with hot air in a fluidized or stationary bed, or spread over a wide open stationary bed and dried using solar or air. However, in the former method, not only the energy required for evaporation of water in the sludge but also energy waste due to heat discharge of the heat medium air is generated.In the drying process, as the surface of the sludge is dried first, a dense film is formed, resulting in slow drying. There is a problem. In the latter case, there is a problem that the processing speed is slow and a large treatment area is required, and the work burden for spreading and collecting the dry objects is large, and it is difficult to apply to sludge treatment that is continuously generated in large quantities. Another method of drying the sludge is to irradiate the sludge with electromagnetic waves to evaporate moisture. The electromagnetic irradiation method requires a large irradiation area due to the low permeability to the electromagnetic waves of the sludge. The application was difficult for large sludge treatments.
이상에 따라, 많은 양의 유ㆍ무기성 슬러지가 환경오염과 폐기비용의 발생에도 불구하고 소각, 매립, 해양투기 등의 방식으로 폐기 처리되고 있는 실정인바, 환경오염의 방지와 유용한 자원의 재활용을 위한 경제적이고 실용적인 슬러지 건조방안이 시급히 요구되고 있다.As a result, a large amount of organic / inorganic sludge is disposed of by incineration, landfilling, dumping, etc. despite environmental pollution and disposal costs. There is an urgent need for an economic and practical sludge drying method.
본 발명의 목적은 함수폐기물에 함유되어 있는 수분을 효율적으로 제거할 수 있고, 아울러 함수폐기물을 추가건조 등 후처리 면에서 유리한 다공구조로 만들 수 있는 함수폐기물 건조기를 제공하는 데 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide a water-containing waste dryer that can efficiently remove the water contained in the water-containing waste, and can also make the water-containing waste in a porous structure advantageous in terms of post-treatment, such as additional drying.
본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 함수폐기물을 싣고 운반하는 것이 가능하도록 구성된 연속식 건조기 본체와; 상기 건조기 본체에 실려 운반되는 함수폐기물에 교류전류가 흐르게 하여 줄열(Joule熱)을 발생시킴으로써, 이 함수폐기물에 함유되어 있는 수분을 증발시키는 교류전류 공급장치를 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기가 제공된다. 이 구성에 의하면, 상기 줄열에 의하여 건조된 함수폐기물은 수분이 증발된 자리가 빈 공간으로 남아 다공구조를 가지게 된다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a continuous dryer body configured to be capable of carrying and transporting water waste; An alternating current flows through a water-containing waste carried on the dryer body to generate Joule heat, thereby providing a water-containing waste dryer including an AC current supply device for evaporating water contained in the water-containing waste. According to this configuration, the hydrous waste dried by the joule heat has a porous structure by leaving the space where the water has evaporated remains as an empty space.
본 발명의 실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기는 상기 교류전류 공급장치에 의한 함수폐기물의 건조과정에서 증발되는 수증기를 회수하는 수증기 회수장치를 더 포함할 수 있다.Water-containing waste dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a water vapor recovery apparatus for recovering water vapor evaporated during the drying process of the water waste by the AC current supply device.
본 발명의 실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기는 상기 건조기 본체에 함수폐기물을 공급하는 것으로서 함수폐기물의 연속공급이 가능하도록 구성된 함수폐기물 공급장치를 더 포함할 수 있다. 또, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기는 상기 함수폐기물 공급장치에 가소제, 전해질, 가연물 및 영양성분 중 적어도 하나를 투입하는 첨가물 투입장치를 더 포함할 수 있다.Water-containing waste dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a water-containing waste supply device configured to enable the continuous supply of water-containing waste as to supply the water to the dryer body. In addition, the water-containing waste dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an additive input device for injecting at least one of a plasticizer, electrolyte, flammables and nutrients to the water-containing waste supply device.
상기 교류전류 공급장치는 상기 건조기 본체에 실려 운반되는 함수폐기물과 접촉 가능하도록 배치된 적어도 한 쌍의 전극을 포함할 수 있다. 이 때, 상기 전극은 판상이며 증발하는 수증기가 배출되도록 다공구조를 가질 수 있다.The AC current supply device may include at least a pair of electrodes disposed to be in contact with the water waste carried on the dryer body. In this case, the electrode may be a plate-like and have a porous structure to discharge the vapor to evaporate.
상기 건조기 본체는 무한궤도 컨베이어일 수 있다. 그리고 상기 교류전류 공급장치는 다수 쌍의 판상 전극을 포함하고, 상기 각 쌍의 전극은 상기 컨베이어의 엔드리스로 움직이면서 함수폐기물을 운반하는 운반체의 양쪽에 대향하도록 세워지고 길이를 따라 이웃하도록 배치될 수 있다.The dryer body may be a crawler conveyor. And the alternating current supply device includes a plurality of pairs of plate-shaped electrodes, each pair of electrodes being erected to face both sides of the carrier carrying the wastewater while moving to the endless of the conveyor and arranged along the length thereof. .
여기에서, 상기 이웃하는 전극 사이에는 상기 전극 간 접촉이 방지되도록 절연재가 개재될 수 있다. 상기 교류전류 공급장치는 상기 컨베이어의 상측에 상기 엔드리스로 움직이는 다수 쌍의 전극 중 일부와 접촉하도록 배치된 접촉단자를 더 포함할 수 있다. 상기 대향하는 전극은 간격이 상측으로 갈수록 확장되도록 경사질 수 있다.Here, an insulating material may be interposed between the neighboring electrodes to prevent contact between the electrodes. The AC current supply device may further include a contact terminal disposed above the conveyor to contact some of the plurality of pairs of electrodes moving to the endless. The opposing electrode may be inclined such that the gap extends upward.
본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 함수폐기물을 운반하는 무한궤도 컨베이어와; 상기 컨베이어에 실려 운반되는 함수폐기물에 교류전류가 흐르게 하여 줄열을 발생시킴으로써, 이 함수폐기물에 함유되어 있는 수분을 증발시키는 교류전류 공급장치를 포함하고, 상기 교류전류 공급장치는 판상이되, 증발하는 수증기가 배출되도록 다공구조를 가지는 다수 쌍의 전극을 포함하며, 상기 각 쌍의 전극은 상기 컨베이어의 엔드리스로 움직이면서 함수폐기물을 운반하는 운반체의 양쪽에 대향하도록 세워지고 길이를 따라 이웃하도록 배치된 함수폐기물 건조기가 제공될 수 있다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, the caterpillar conveyor for transporting water waste; An alternating current current flows in the waste water carried on the conveyor to generate Joule heat, thereby including an alternating current supply device for evaporating moisture contained in the waste water, wherein the alternating current supply device is plate-shaped, And a plurality of pairs of electrodes having a porous structure to allow water vapor to be discharged, wherein each pair of electrodes is set up to face both sides of the carrier carrying the wastewater while moving to the endless of the conveyor and disposed adjacent to the length thereof. Dryers may be provided.
또한, 본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 건조기 본체와; 상기 건조기 본체에 제공되는 함수폐기물에 교류전류가 흐르게 하여 줄열을 발생시킴으로써, 이 함수폐기물에 함유되어 있는 수분을 증발시키는 교류전류 공급장치를 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기가 제공될 수 있다. 이에 의하여 건조된 함수폐기물 또한 수분이 증발된 자리가 빈 공간으로 남아 다공구조를 가지게 된다.Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the dryer body; The alternating current flows through the waste water provided to the dryer body to generate Joule heat, thereby providing a waste water dryer including an alternating current supply device for evaporating water contained in the waste water. As a result, the dried hydrous waste also has a porous structure in which the evaporated water remains as an empty space.
본 발명은 함수폐기물을 건조함에 있어, 버너나 니크롬(nichrome)선 등과 같은 발열을 위한 별도 장치의 생략이 가능하고, 공급되는 에너지가 함수폐기물 내의 수분증발로 전환되는 비율이 높으며, 피건조물을 신속히 건조할 수 있는 등 건조효율이 우수하고, 함수폐기물로부터 재활용의 효용가치가 높은 다공성 건조물을 생산할 수 있다는 이점이 있다.In the present invention, in drying the waste water, it is possible to omit a separate device for heating such as a burner or nichrome (wire), the rate of conversion of the energy supplied to the water vapor in the waste water is high, the dry quickly It can be dried, such as excellent drying efficiency, there is an advantage that can produce a porous dry material having a high useful value of recycling from water waste.
도 1은 본 발명의 제1실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기를 나타내는 구성도이다.1 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 도 1의 A 부분을 나타내는 사시도이다.2 is a perspective view illustrating a portion A of FIG. 1.
도 3은 본 발명의 제2실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기를 나타내는 구성도이다.3 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
<도면의 주요 부분에 관한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>
10, 10A, 10B : 함수폐기물 공급장치10, 10A, 10B: water waste supply device
20, 20A, 20B : 건조기 본체(무한궤도 컨베이어)20, 20A, 20B: dryer body (orbital conveyor)
30, 30A, 30B : 교류전류 공급장치30, 30A, 30B: AC current supply device
32, 32A, 32B : 전극32, 32A, 32B: electrode
40, 40A, 40B : 수증기 회수장치40, 40A, 40B: Steam recovery device
50, 50A, 50B : 첨가물 투입장치50, 50A, 50B: Additive input device
60 : 분쇄장치60: grinding device
본 발명에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기는 수분을 함유하고 있는 폐기물이라면 모두 처리대상으로 할 수 있는 것이나, 주된 처리대상은 함수폐기물 중에서도 농축과 탈수과정을 거친 유ㆍ무기성 슬러지와 같이 통상의 물리적인 방법으로는 더 이상의 수분제거가 곤란한 폐기물이다.The water-containing waste dryer according to the present invention can be treated as any waste containing water, but the main treatment object is a conventional physical method such as organic / inorganic sludge which has been concentrated and dehydrated among water-containing waste. Is waste that is difficult to remove any further moisture.
도 1은 본 발명의 제1실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기를 나타내는 구성도이고, 도 2는 도 1의 A 부분을 나타내는 사시도이다. 이 도 1 및 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 제1실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기는 함수폐기물 공급장치(10), 이 함수폐기물 공급장치(10)로부터 함수폐기물을 제공받는 건조기 본체(20), 이 건조기 본체(20)에 공급되는 함수폐기물에 교류전류를 통전시키는 교류전류 공급장치(30)를 포함하고, 이 밖으로는 수증기 회수장치(40), 첨가물 투입장치(50)를 더 포함한다.1 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a portion A of FIG. 1 and 2, the water-containing waste dryer according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a water-containing waste supply device 10, the dryer body receiving water-containing waste from the water-containing waste supply device (10) 20) and an alternating current supply device 30 for supplying an alternating current to the waste water supplied to the dryer main body 20, and further including a water vapor recovery device 40 and an additive input device 50. do.
함수폐기물 공급장치(10)는 함수폐기물의 연속적인 공급이 가능하고, 이렇게 함수폐기물을 공급하는 중에 이 함수폐기물의 교반이 가능하도록 구성된 타입을 이용하는 것이 바람직한데, 여기에서는 함수폐기물 공급장치(10)로서 호퍼(hopper)(12)와 몸체(14)와 스크루(screw)(16)를 포함하는 압출기를 적용하였다. 여기에서, 호퍼(12)를 통하여 몸체(14)에 투입된 함수폐기물은 스크루(16)에 의하여 교반과 동시에 이송된 후, 몸체(14)의 압출구를 통하여 압출되어 건조기 본체(20)에 공급된다.Water-containing waste supply device 10 is capable of continuously supplying water-containing waste, it is preferable to use a type configured to enable the stirring of the water-containing waste during the supply of water-containing waste, here, water-containing waste supply device 10 As an extruder, a hopper 12, a body 14, and a screw 16 were used. Here, the water-containing waste introduced into the body 14 through the hopper 12 is transported with stirring by the screw 16 and then extruded through the extrusion port of the body 14 to be supplied to the dryer body 20. .
함수폐기물 공급장치(10)는 이와 같은 스크루 타입 압출기가 아닌, 컨베이어(conveyor)일 수도 있고, 이 함수폐기물 공급장치(10)로서의 컨베이어는 스크루 또는 리본형 날개가 구비된 교반기를 포함하는 것일 수 있다. 또, 함수폐기물 공급장치(10)는 함수폐기물이 음식물쓰레기와 같이 불균일한 덩어리를 가질 경우 이 불균일한 덩어리를 분쇄하기 위한 수단을 더 포함할 수 있다.The water waste supply device 10 may be a conveyor rather than such a screw type extruder, and the conveyor as the water waste supply device 10 may include an agitator provided with a screw or a ribbon-shaped wing. . In addition, the water-containing waste supply apparatus 10 may further include means for crushing the non-uniform mass when the water-containing waste has a non-uniform mass such as food waste.
건조기 본체(20)는 프레임, 이 프레임에 엔드리스(endless)로 움직이도록 설치된 운반체를 포함하는 무한궤도 컨베이어로, 이 무한궤도 컨베이어는 함수폐기물 공급장치(10)로부터 소정의 속도로 공급되는 함수폐기물을 운반체에 의하여 연속적으로 운반한다. 이 때, 무한궤도 컨베이어의 운반체라 함은, 일례로 벨트 컨베이어의 경우에는 벨트를 말한다.The dryer body 20 is a crawler conveyor including a frame and a carrier installed to move endlessly to the frame, which tracks the wastewater supplied at a predetermined speed from the wastewater supply device 10. It is transported continuously by the carrier. At this time, the carrier of the crawler conveyor means, for example, a belt in the case of a belt conveyor.
무한궤도 컨베이어는 벨트 컨베이어보다는, 그 운반체로서 망이 적용된 메시(mesh) 컨베이어 또는 연속하는 다수의 슬랫(slat)이 적용된 슬랫 컨베이어인 것이 바람직한데, 여기에서는 슬랫 컨베이어를 적용하였다. 이 때, 슬랫은 전기절연성을 가지는 재질로 이루는 것이 바람직하다. 도 2에서, 도면부호 22는 슬랫이다.The tracked conveyor is preferably a mesh conveyor with a net or a slat conveyor with a plurality of continuous slats as its carrier, rather than a belt conveyor, in which a slat conveyor is used. At this time, the slat is preferably made of a material having electrical insulation. In Fig. 2, reference numeral 22 is a slat.
교류전류 공급장치(30)는 다수 쌍의 전극(32), 접촉단자(34), 교류전류 공급원 및 전압조절기(36)를 포함한다.The AC current supply device 30 includes a plurality of pairs of electrodes 32, a contact terminal 34, an AC current supply source, and a voltage regulator 36.
각 슬랫(22)에는 전극(32)이 한 쌍씩 장착된다. 전극(32)은 판상이며 운반체(슬랫) 상의 함수폐기물 운반라인 양옆을 차단하는 측벽으로서의 역할을 하도록 배치된다. 즉, 슬랫(22)의 양쪽에 대향하도록 세워지는 것인데, 바람직하게는 마주하는 판상 전극(32) 사이의 간격이 상측으로 갈수록 확장되도록 경사진다. 이렇게 하면 중력에 의하여 함수폐기물과 전극(32) 간의 접촉성이 좋아지고, 보다 많은 양의 함수폐기물을 실어 운반할 수 있다.Each slat 22 is equipped with a pair of electrodes 32. The electrode 32 is plate-shaped and is arranged to serve as a side wall for blocking both sides of the wastewater conveying line on the carrier (slat). That is, it is erected so as to face both sides of the slat 22, and is preferably inclined so that the interval between the facing plate electrodes 32 extends upward. In this way, the contact between the water waste and the electrode 32 is improved by gravity, and a larger amount of water waste can be carried and carried.
판상 전극(32)은 금속이나 흑연과 같은 도전성 재질로 이루어진다. 또, 판상 전극(32)은 다공구조(메시(mesh)를 포함한다)를 가지도록 구성된다. 판상 전극(32)의 구멍은 함수폐기물에 교류전류 통전 중 발생되는 수증기의 배출을 원활히 하고, 주변의 습윤 상태가 유지될 수 있게 한다. 실시 조건에 따라서는, 판상 전극(32)은 막대형인 것이 적용될 수도 있다.The plate electrode 32 is made of a conductive material such as metal or graphite. In addition, the plate-shaped electrode 32 is configured to have a porous structure (including a mesh). The hole of the plate-shaped electrode 32 facilitates the discharge of water vapor generated during the alternating current flow to the wastewater, and maintains the surrounding wet state. Depending on the implementation conditions, the plate-shaped electrode 32 may have a rod shape.
판상 전극(32)에는 이웃하는 판상 전극(32) 간의 접촉을 방지하기 위한 판상의 절연재(321)가 장착된다. 이 절연재(321)는 이웃하는 판상 전극(32) 사이사이에 개재되어 전기 누전을 방지한다.The plate-shaped electrode 32 is equipped with a plate-shaped insulating material 321 for preventing contact between neighboring plate-shaped electrodes 32. The insulating material 321 is interposed between neighboring plate electrodes 32 to prevent an electrical short circuit.
접촉단자(34)는 두 개 구비되고 운반체 상에 위치하도록 마주하는 판상 전극(32)의 바깥쪽에 각각 설치된다. 접촉단자(34)는 판상 전극(32)의 바깥쪽에 운반체의 운동방향을 따라 배치되고 이 상태로 브래킷(bracket) 등에 의하여 주변의 구성물(예를 들어, 무한궤도 컨베이어의 프레임)에 장착된 메인단자(342), 이 메인단자(342)에서 판상 전극(32) 측으로 돌출된 복수의 분기단자(344)를 포함한다. 분기단자(344)는 슬랫(22)과 함께 엔드리스로 움직이는 판상 전극(32)에 미끄럼 접촉되는바, 이 접촉이 해제됨이 없이 원활히 이루어지도록 탄성을 가지는 금속판을 적용하였다. 이 금속판은 판상 전극(32)과의 접촉에 의하여 운반체의 운동방향 측으로 휘어져 있을 수 있는 길이를 가지는 것이 바람직하다.Two contact terminals 34 are provided on the outer side of the plate electrode 32 facing each other so as to be positioned on the carrier. The contact terminal 34 is disposed along the direction of movement of the carrier on the outside of the plate-shaped electrode 32 and in this state is mounted to the surrounding components (eg, the frame of the crawler conveyor) by a bracket or the like. 342 and a plurality of branch terminals 344 protruding from the main terminal 342 toward the plate-shaped electrode 32 side. The branch terminal 344 is in sliding contact with the plate-shaped electrode 32 which moves in an endless manner together with the slats 22, and a metal plate having elasticity is applied so that the contact is made smoothly without being released. This metal plate preferably has a length that can be bent to the movement direction side of the carrier by contact with the plate-shaped electrode 32.
접촉단자(34)는 교류전류 공급원으로부터 전기를 공급받는다. 교류전류 공급원(36)으로부터 제공되는 교류전류는 접촉단자(34) 및 이 접촉단자(34)와 접촉되는 판상 전극(32)을 통하여 무한궤도 컨베이어 상에서 운반되고 있는 함수폐기물에 흐르고, 함수폐기물은 교류전류의 통전에 따른 줄열(Joule熱)에 의하여 수분이 증발된다.The contact terminal 34 receives electricity from an AC current source. The alternating current supplied from the alternating current source 36 flows into the wastewater being transported on the caterpillar conveyor through the contact terminal 34 and the plate electrode 32 in contact with the contact terminal 34, and the wastewater flows into the alternating current. Moisture is evaporated by Joule 熱 due to the current flow.
일정한 저항을 가진 도체에 걸리는 전압이 변화할 경우 이 도체에 흐르는 전류량도 비례적으로 변화하므로, 도체로서의 역할을 하는 함수폐기물에서 수분 부하량에 변동이 있을 경우에는 전압조절기(36)를 이용, 전압을 조정함으로써 함수폐기물의 건조도를 조절할 수 있다. 일반적으로, 전압이 너무 낮으면 발열량이 적어 건조속도가 느리고, 반대로 전압이 너무 높으면 스파크(spark) 발생의 우려가 있으므로, 여기에서의 건조를 위한 전압은 60~220V인 것이 바람직하다. 전압조절기(36)로는 권선변압기 등이 적용될 수 있다.When the voltage across a conductor with a constant resistance changes, the amount of current flowing through the conductor also changes proportionally. When there is a change in the water load in the waste water serving as a conductor, the voltage regulator 36 is used to adjust the voltage. By adjusting, the dryness of the wastewater can be controlled. In general, if the voltage is too low, the amount of heat generation is low and the drying speed is low. On the contrary, if the voltage is too high, sparking may occur. Therefore, the voltage for drying here is preferably 60 to 220V. As the voltage regulator 36, a winding transformer may be applied.
함수폐기물에 교류전류를 통전시키는 과정에서 발생되는 다량의 수증기는 수증기 회수장치(40)에 의하여 회수되는데, 이 수증기 회수장치(40)는 수증기 수집덮개(42) 및 흡입용 송풍기(44)를 포함한다. 수증기 수집덮개(42)는 수증기 발생부에 씌워지되, 운동하는 운반체 및 판상 전극(32)과의 간섭 발생이 없도록 설치되어 수증기의 유실을 방지한다. 흡입용 송풍기(44)는 이러한 수증기 수집덮개(42)에 의하여 수집되는 수증기를 흡입한다.A large amount of steam generated in the process of energizing the AC current to the waste water is recovered by the steam recovery device 40, which includes a steam collecting cover 42 and a suction blower 44. do. The steam collecting cover 42 is covered with a steam generating unit, but is installed to prevent interference with the moving carrier and the plate-shaped electrode 32 to prevent loss of steam. The suction blower 44 sucks the steam collected by this steam collecting cover 42.
수증기 회수장치(40)에 의하여 회수되는 수증기는 그 열을 그대로 이용할 수도 있고, 열교환기를 통하여 열수 또는 열풍의 형태로 변환할 수도 있으며, 교류전류 공급장치(30)에 의하여 건조처리가 된 건조물의 건조도를 높이는 목적으로 사용할 수도 있다.The steam recovered by the steam recovery device 40 may use the heat as it is, or convert it into a form of hot water or hot air through a heat exchanger, and dry the dried product dried by the AC current supply device 30. It can also be used for the purpose of raising the degree.
첨가물 투입장치(50)는 함수폐기물 공급장치(10)에 가소제, 전해질, 가연물 및 영양성분(사료, 비료성분을 포함한다)을 투입한다. 투입된 첨가물은 함수폐기물 공급장치(10)의 교반작용에 의하여 함수폐기물과 혼합된다.The additive injector 50 injects a plasticizer, an electrolyte, a flammable substance, and a nutrient (including feed and fertilizer components) into the wastewater supply apparatus 10. The injected additive is mixed with the water waste by the stirring action of the water waste supply device 10.
가소제는 전해질과 함께 함수폐기물의 건조 공정성을 개선하는 역할을 한다. 가소제는 함수폐기물의 유동성을 개선하는 것과 동시에 도전성을 유지시킬 수 있는 것이 좋으며, 최종적으로 재활용하는 데 무해하거나 도움을 줄 수 있는 성분이어야 한다. 이러한 가소제로는 글리세린(glycerin), 에틸렌글리콜(ethylene glycol), 프로필렌글리콜(propylene glycol), 옥탄올(octanol) 등의 하이드록실계 유기물질, 알킬설포네이트(alkyl sulfonate), 아릴설포네이트(aryl sulfonate), 알킬아릴설포네이트(alkyl aryl sulfonate), 알킬카보네이트(alkyl carbonate) 등의 설폰화 탄화수소류, 또는 이들의 알카리염 형태의 계면활성제류, 에틸렌옥사이드(ethylene oxide)류, 알콜(alcohol)류와 지방산의 에스테르(ester)화에 의하여 생성된 비이온성 계면활성제류 등의 극성 내지 이온성 관능기를 가진 유기물질 중 적어도 하나가 이용될 수 있다. 일례로, 주성분이 탄산칼슘이고 약간의 유기성분을 포함하며 함수율이 약 45%인 제당공정에서 발생된 머드(mud)상 슬러지의 탈수케이크를, 수분함량 20% 내외로 건조시켜 가축용 사료배합제 또는 토양개질제로 사용하는 경우, 머드슬러지는 프레스 필터링(press filtering) 탈수공정을 거친 것이며 다소 경직된 케이크 형상을 띄고 있어 공정성이 나쁘다. 때문에, 이 때에는 원활한 연속처리를 위하여 가소제를 투입할 수 있고, 이 가소제로는 슬러지 중의 고형분량 대비 10부의 글리세린이 사용될 수 있다. 물론, 이 때의 가소제 투입량은 슬러지의 함수율이나 설비의 조건 등에 따라 적절히 변경될 수 있다.The plasticizer, together with the electrolyte, serves to improve the drying processability of the wastewater. The plasticizer should be able to maintain the conductivity at the same time as improving the fluidity of the water-containing waste, and should be a component that can be harmless or help to finally recycle. Such plasticizers include hydroxyl-based organic substances such as glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and octanol, alkyl sulfonates, and aryl sulfonates. ), Sulfonated hydrocarbons such as alkyl aryl sulfonate, alkyl carbonate, or their alkali-type surfactants, ethylene oxide, alcohols, At least one of polar to ionic functional groups such as nonionic surfactants produced by esterification of fatty acids may be used. In one example, a dehydrated cake of mud sludge from a sugar process with calcium carbonate, a few organic components and a water content of about 45%, is dried to around 20% of water content and is a feed compound for livestock. Alternatively, when used as a soil modifier, the mud sludge has undergone a press filtering dehydration process, and has a slightly rigid cake shape, which results in poor processability. Therefore, in this case, a plasticizer may be added for smooth continuous processing, and as the plasticizer, 10 parts of glycerin relative to the solid content in the sludge may be used. Of course, the amount of plasticizer added at this time may be appropriately changed depending on the water content of the sludge, the conditions of the facility, and the like.
가연물과 영양성분은 교류전류 공급장치(30)에 의하여 건조처리가 된 건조물의 재활용 시 효용성을 개선하여 준다. 이 가연물로는 석탄, 목탄, 목분, 왕겨, 유리 카본(glassy carbon), 가연성 플라스틱 조각, 가연성 섬유 조각, 고무 조각, 오일(oil) 등 연소 시 발열반응성을 가지는 것 중 적어도 하나가 이용될 수 있다.Flammables and nutrients improve the utility of recycling dry matter dried by the AC current supply device (30). As the combustible material, at least one of coal, charcoal, wood flour, rice husk, glassy carbon, combustible plastic pieces, combustible fiber pieces, rubber pieces, oil, and the like having exothermic reactivity during combustion may be used. .
무한궤도 컨베이어 상에서 교류전류 공급장치(30)에 의하여 건조된 건조물은 그대로 반출될 수도 있으나 저장 또는 포장 후 반출을 위하여 분쇄장치(60)에 의하여 분쇄될 수도 있다. 또, 냉각이나 추가 건조를 위하여 배분장치(70)를 거치게 할 수도 있으며, 도면에 도시된 바 없으나 필요에 따라서는 계량장치를 통하여 일정량씩 분리 포장될 수도 있다. 배분장치(70)는 진동식 공급판(vibrating feeder)일 수 있으며, 여기에 냉풍 또는 열풍이 공급될 수도 있다. 도면부호 80은 저장탱크이다.The dry matter dried by the AC current supply device 30 on the crawler conveyor may be taken out as it is, or may be crushed by the crusher 60 for carrying out after storage or packaging. In addition, it may be to pass through the distribution device 70 for cooling or further drying, it is not shown in the drawing, but may be separately packed by a predetermined amount through a metering device if necessary. The distribution device 70 may be a vibrating feeder, and cold or hot air may be supplied thereto. Reference numeral 80 denotes a storage tank.
다음에서는 실험을 통하여 살펴본 바와 같은 제1실시예의 건조효과를 살펴보도록 하겠다.Next, the drying effect of the first embodiment as described through the experiment will be described.
[실험 1][Experiment 1]
펄프공장의 폐수 처리과정에서 발생된 슬러지로부터 채취한 시료 200g을, 20㎜ 간격을 두고 대향하는 스테인리스스틸(stainless steel) 재질의 판상 전극 사이에 둔 후, 110V 전기를 공급하여 교류전류를 15분간 통전시켰다. 그 결과, 채취 당시의 함수율이 79%이던 시료는 수분이 증발되면서 함수율이 67%로 감소되었고 푸석한 다공성의 고체 케이크 형상을 띄었다. 이 케이크를 실온에서 1시간 방치하여 냉각 풍건시켰다. 그 결과, 함수율이 62%인 케이크 형상의 건조물을 얻었다. 이 건조물 약 1g 조각을 알코올램프의 불꽃 위에 올려놓자, 약 2분 후에 붉은 불빛을 내면서 타들어 갔으나, 조각을 불꽃 밖으로 옮기자 연기를 내면서 타다가 잠시 후 불빛이 꺼져 들어갔다.200 g of sample taken from the sludge generated from the wastewater treatment process of the pulp mill is placed between the plate electrodes of stainless steel facing each other at intervals of 20 mm, and then supplied with 110V of electricity to supply AC current for 15 minutes. I was. As a result, the water content at the time of collection was 79%, the water content was reduced to 67% as the water evaporated, and it had a rugged porous solid cake shape. The cake was left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour to cool and dry. As a result, a cake-like dried product having a water content of 62% was obtained. About 1 gram of this building was put on the flame of the alcohol lamp, and after about 2 minutes, it burned with red light, but when it was moved out of the flame, it burned with smoke, and after a while the light went out.
[실험 2][Experiment 2]
실험 1에서 얻은 함수율 62%의 건조물 100g에 계면활성제의 일종인 나프탈렌설포네이트(naphthalene sulfonate) 축합체 나트륨염 45% 수용액을 6.2g 혼합하자, 유연성 있는 반죽이 얻어졌다. 이 반죽상의 시료를 판상 전극 대신, 80메시의 망으로 구성한 전극 사이에 놓고 실험 1과 동일 조건으로 통전시켰다. 그 결과, 시료는 수분이 증발되면서 함수율이 35%로 감소되었다. 이후, 시료를 실온에서 1시간 방치하여 냉각 풍건시켰다. 그 결과, 함수율이 26%이고 다소 딱딱한 다공성의 고체 건조물을 얻었다. 이 건조물 약 1g 조각을 알코올램프의 불꽃 위에 올려놓자, 실험 1과 비슷하게 연소되었다.To 100 g of the dried substance obtained in Experiment 1 was mixed with 6.2 g of a 45% aqueous solution of naphthalene sulfonate condensate sodium salt, a kind of surfactant, a flexible dough was obtained. Instead of the plate-shaped electrode, this dough-like sample was placed between electrodes composed of an 80 mesh network and energized under the same conditions as in Experiment 1. As a result, the water content was reduced to 35% as the water evaporated. Thereafter, the sample was left to stand at room temperature for 1 hour to cool air. As a result, a solid dried product having a water content of 26% and a somewhat hard porosity was obtained. About 1 gram of this dry matter was placed on the flame of the alcohol lamp and burned similarly to Experiment 1.
[실험 3][Experiment 3]
실험 2의 망상 전극 사이에 실험 1에서 함수율이 79%인 시료를 놓고, 실험 1과 동일한 조건으로 통전시켰다. 그 결과, 시료는 함수율이 65%로 감소되었고 푸석한 다공성의 고체 케이크 형상을 띄었다. 이후, 이를 실험 1과 같이 풍건시키자 함수율이 61%인 케이크 형상을 건조물을 얻었다. 이 건조물 약 1g 조각을 알코올램프의 불꽃 위에 올려놓자 실험 1과 비슷하게 연소되었다.A sample having a water content of 79% was placed in Experiment 1 between the network electrodes of Experiment 2, and energized under the same conditions as in Experiment 1. As a result, the sample had a water content of 65% and showed a rugged porous solid cake shape. Thereafter, the resultant was air dried as in Experiment 1 to obtain a cake having a moisture content of 61%. About 1 gram of this dry matter was put on the flame of the alcohol lamp and burned similarly to Experiment 1.
[실험 4][Experiment 4]
실험 3에서 얻은 함수율 61%의 건조물 100g에 글리세린 6.1g을 혼합하자, 유연성 있는 반죽이 얻어졌고, 이를 실험 2와 동일한 조건으로 통전시켰다. 그 결과, 시료는 수분이 증발되면서 함수율이 34%로 감소되었다. 그리고 이 시료를 실험 2와 같이 풍건시켰다. 그 결과, 함수율은 25%이며 다소 딱딱하지만 약간의 탄성이 있는 다공성 고체 건조물을 얻었다. 이 건조물 약 1g 조각을 알코올램프의 불꽃 위에 올려놓자, 1분 내에 적색과 청색이 섞인 불빛을 내면서 타들어 갔고, 이 조각을 불꽃 밖으로 옮겨도 계속 불꽃을 내며 탔다.When 6.1 g of glycerin was mixed with 100 g of a dry matter having 61% moisture content obtained in Experiment 3, a flexible dough was obtained, which was energized under the same conditions as in Experiment 2. As a result, the water content was reduced to 34% as the water evaporated. The sample was then air dried as in Experiment 2. As a result, a porous solid dry matter having a water content of 25% and somewhat hard but slightly elastic was obtained. About 1 gram of this building was placed on the flame of an alcohol lamp, and within a minute, it burned with a mixture of red and blue lights, and the flame continued to burn even if it was moved out of the flame.
이상의 실험결과에 따르면, 슬러지 등 함수폐기물에 교류전류를 직접 통전시켜 내부발열을 일으키고, 이 에너지에 의하여 함수폐기물의 함유수분을 효율적으로 증발시킬 수 있어, 함수폐기물의 건조가 가능함을 알 수 있다. 이 때, 함수율이 높지 않아 전류의 흐름이 잘 생기지 않는 함수폐기물은 극성 또는 전해성 유기물질이나 탄소 가루 등의 혼합에 의하여 유연성이나 통전성을 부여할 수 있고, 이에 따라 함수폐기물의 건조도를 더욱 높일 수 있다. 또, 이상의 실험에 따라 건조된 함수폐기물은 내부 수분이 증발하고 나간 자리가 빈 공간으로 남는 다공성 고체로 생성되어 필요 시 추가 건조가 매우 용이하다는 이점도 있다.According to the above test results, it is found that internal current is generated by directly supplying an alternating current to water-containing waste such as sludge, and the moisture contained in the water-containing waste can be efficiently evaporated by this energy, thereby drying the water-containing waste. At this time, the water-containing waste which does not have high water content and does not easily flow current can be given flexibility or electrical conductivity by mixing polarity or electrolytic organic material or carbon powder, thereby increasing the dryness of the water-containing waste. have. In addition, the water-containing waste dried according to the above experiment has the advantage that it is very easy to further dry if necessary, since the internal moisture is evaporated and produced as a porous solid leaving the space left.
함수폐기물을 연료로 사용하고자 하나 발열량이 충분하지 못한 경우에는 건조처리 과정에서 함수폐기물에 가연물을 혼합, 최종건조물의 발열량을 보강시켜 연료로서의 가치를 높일 수 있고, 건조물이 사료 또는 비료로서 사용될 수 있는 경우에는 부족한 사료나 비료성분을 추가로 투입하는 등 재활용 목적에 따라 보강 성분을 추가함으로써 재활용의 효용성을 더 높인 건조물을 생산할 수 있다.If you want to use water waste as fuel, but the calorific value is not enough, you can increase the value as fuel by mixing flammables with water waste during the drying process and reinforcing the calorific value of the final dry, and dry matter can be used as feed or fertilizer. In this case, by adding reinforcing ingredients according to the purpose of recycling, such as adding an insufficient feed or fertilizer, it is possible to produce a dry product having a higher efficiency of recycling.
도 3은 본 발명의 제2실시예에 따른 함수폐기물 건조기를 나타내는 구성도이다. 도 3을 참조하여 제2실시예를 살펴보면 다음과 같다.3 is a block diagram showing a water-containing waste dryer according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Looking at the second embodiment with reference to Figure 3 as follows.
하수처리 공정에서 발생하는 함수율 80% 수준의 슬러지는 그 높은 함수율 때문에 교류전류 통전에 의한 1회의 건조처리만으로는 재활용이 어려운 경우가 있다. 이러한 때에 사용하도록 한 것이 제2실시예인데, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 이 제2실시예는 두 기의 건조기(1)(2)가 구비되고, 이 두 기의 건조기(1)(2)는 서로 직렬로 연결되도록 배치된다.Due to its high water content, sludge with a water content of 80% generated in sewage treatment process may be difficult to recycle by only one drying treatment by alternating current. At this time, the second embodiment is used, and as shown in Fig. 3, this second embodiment is provided with two dryers 1 and 2, and two dryers 1 and 2, respectively. ) Are arranged to be connected in series with each other.
하수처리 공정에서 발생하는 슬러지는 함수율이 높아 유동성이 크므로, 처음 건조단계에서는 첨가물의 투입을 요하지 않을 수 있다. 따라서 두 건조기(1)(2) 중 제1건조기(1)에서는 무한궤도 컨베이어(도면부호 20A 참조)에 함수폐기물 공급장치(10A)를 통하여 슬러지가 순수 슬러리(slurry) 상태로 일정한 속도로 공급되고, 이에 따라 무한궤도 컨베이어에 공급된 슬러지는 무한궤도 컨베이어 상에서 교류전류 통전을 통하여 수분이 증발된다. 이 건조처리 결과에 따르면 함수율 약 67% 정도의 푸석한 1차 건조물을 얻을 수 있다.The sludge generated in the sewage treatment process has a high water content and high fluidity, and thus may not require the addition of additives in the first drying step. Therefore, in the first dryer (1) of the two dryers (1) (2), the sludge is supplied to the endless track conveyor (see reference numeral 20A) through the waste water supply device (10A) at a constant rate in the form of pure slurry. Therefore, the sludge supplied to the crawler conveyor evaporates moisture through the alternating current supply on the crawler conveyor. According to this drying treatment, a rough primary dry matter having a water content of about 67% can be obtained.
제2건조기(2)에서는 함수폐기물 공급장치(10B)에 제1건조기(1)로부터의 1차 건조물 및 첨가물 투입장치(50B)에 의하여 첨가물로서 가소제가 연속적으로 투입된다. 이후, 1차 건조물은 무한궤도 컨베이어(도면부호 20B 참조) 상에서 교류전류에 의하여 재차 건조된 다음, 분쇄장치(60)에 의하여 분쇄된다. 이 2차 건조공정에 의하면 함수율이 25~30%인 건조물을 얻을 수 있는데, 이 건조물을 연료로서 재활용하고자 하는 경우에는 무연탄 가루, 오일 등을 건조물 중의 고형분 함량 대비 5~20부 정도 가하여 2차 건조공정을 실시하되, 분쇄과정을 생략하면 괴상의 가연성 건조체를 얻을 수 있다. 또, 2차 건조공정에서, 함수폐기물 공급장치(10B)로서 압출구 측에 회전식 절단장치가 구비된 스크류형 압출기를 적용하여 무한궤도 컨베이어에 짧은 원기둥형으로 절단된 압출 슬러리 덩이를 공급, 건조시키되, 분쇄과정을 생략하면 조개탄 모양으로 성형된 건조체를 얻을 수도 있다. 물론, 이렇게 하는 경우에는 제2건조기(2)의 무한궤도 컨베이어 길이를 늘이거나 전극(32B)의 간격을 보다 좁히거나 하는 설계변경이 필요할 수도 있다.In the 2nd dryer 2, a plasticizer is continuously injected as an additive by the primary dry matter from the 1st dryer 1 and the additive input device 50B to the water-containing waste supply apparatus 10B. Thereafter, the primary building is dried again by an alternating current on a crawler conveyor (see reference numeral 20B), and then crushed by the crusher 60. According to this secondary drying process, a dried product having a water content of 25 to 30% can be obtained. When recycling the dried material as fuel, add 5 to 20 parts of anthracite powder, oil, etc. to the solid content of the dried product to dry the secondary product. If the process is carried out, but the grinding process is omitted, a bulky flammable dry body can be obtained. In addition, in the secondary drying process, by applying a screw extruder equipped with a rotary cutting device on the extrusion port side as a water waste supply device (10B) to supply and dry the extruded slurry lump cut in a short cylindrical shape to the crawler conveyor. If the grinding process is omitted, a dried body shaped like a briquette may be obtained. Of course, in this case, a design change may be necessary to increase the length of the caterpillar conveyor of the second dryer 2 or to narrow the interval of the electrode 32B.
도 3에서, 설명되지 않은 도면부호 30A와 30B는 교류전류 공급장치이고, 32A는 전극이며, 40A와 40B는 수증기 회수장치이고, 50A는 첨가물 투입장치로, 이들을 비롯한 제2실시예의 기타 구성은 제1실시예와 동일하므로, 자세한 설명은 생략하기로 한다.In Fig. 3, reference numerals 30A and 30B which are not described are AC current supply devices, 32A is an electrode, 40A and 40B are steam recovery devices, 50A is an additive input device, and other configurations of the second embodiment, including these, Since it is the same as the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
이상, 본 발명을 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 이 명세서에 개시된 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 의하여 한정되지 않으며 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 안에서 당업자에 의하여 다양하게 변형될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 위에서는 건조기 본체(20)(20A)(20B)가 함수폐기물을 연속 운반할 수 있는 구성을 가지는 것으로 설명하였으나, 건조기 본체(20)(20A)(20B)는 고정상의 구조를 가지도록 구성된 것이 적용될 수도 있다. 즉, 함수폐기물이 놓이는 건조대를 포함할 수 있는 것이고, 이 건조대가 수용되는 캐비닛을 더 포함할 수 있는 것이다. 다른 예로, 위의 설명에서는 제2실시예가 두 건조기(1)(2)를 구비한다고 하였으나, 제2실시예는 건조기를 셋 이상 구비하고 이 셋 이상의 건조기가 서로 직렬로 연결되도록 배치할 수 있다.The present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed in the specification and the accompanying drawings, and may be variously modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, while the dryer main body 20, 20A, 20B has been described as having a configuration capable of continuously transporting water waste, the dryer main body 20, 20A, 20B has a fixed phase structure. May be applied. That is, it may include a drying rack on which water-containing waste is placed, and may further include a cabinet in which the drying rack is accommodated. As another example, in the above description, although the second embodiment includes two dryers 1 and 2, the second embodiment may include three or more dryers and the three or more dryers may be arranged in series with each other.

Claims (9)

  1. 함수폐기물을 싣고 운반하는 것이 가능하도록 구성된 연속식 건조기 본체와;A continuous dryer body configured to be capable of carrying and transporting the waste water;
    상기 건조기 본체에 실려 운반되는 함수폐기물에 교류전류가 흐르게 하여 줄열(Joule熱)을 발생시킴으로써, 이 함수폐기물에 함유되어 있는 수분을 증발시키는 교류전류 공급장치를 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기.An alternating current waste dryer comprising an alternating current supply device for evaporating water contained in the waste water by generating an Joule heat by flowing an alternating current through the waste water carried on the dryer body.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 건조기 본체에 함수폐기물을 공급하는 것으로서 함수폐기물의 연속공급이 가능하도록 구성된 함수폐기물 공급장치를 더 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기.Water-containing waste dryer further comprises a water-containing waste supply device configured to enable continuous supply of water-containing waste as supplying water to the dryer body.
  3. 청구항 2에 있어서,The method according to claim 2,
    상기 함수폐기물 공급장치에 가소제, 전해질, 가연물 및 영양성분 중 적어도 하나를 투입하는 첨가물 투입장치를 더 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기.Water-containing waste dryer further comprises an additive input device for injecting at least one of a plasticizer, electrolyte, flammables and nutrients to the water-containing waste supply.
  4. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 교류전류 공급장치는, 상기 건조기 본체에 실려 운반되는 함수폐기물과 접촉 가능하도록 배치된 적어도 한 쌍의 전극을 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기.The AC current supply device, water-containing waste dryer comprising at least a pair of electrodes disposed to be in contact with the water-containing waste carried in the dryer body.
  5. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 건조기 본체는, 무한궤도 컨베이어인 함수폐기물 건조기.The dryer body is a water waste dryer which is a crawler conveyor.
  6. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5,
    상기 교류전류 공급장치는, 다수 쌍의 판상 전극을 포함하고,The AC current supply device includes a plurality of pairs of plate-shaped electrodes,
    상기 각 쌍의 전극은, 상기 컨베이어의 엔드리스로 움직이면서 함수폐기물을 운반하는 운반체의 양쪽에 대향하도록 세워지고 길이를 따라 이웃하도록 배치된 함수폐기물 건조기.Wherein each pair of electrodes is erected so as to face both sides of the carrier carrying the wastewater while moving to the endless of the conveyor and arranged along the length thereof.
  7. 청구항 6에 있어서,The method according to claim 6,
    상기 교류전류 공급장치는, 상기 컨베이어의 상측에 상기 엔드리스로 움직이는 다수 쌍의 전극 중의 일부와 접촉하도록 배치된 접촉단자를 더 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기.The alternating current supply device further comprises a contact terminal arranged to contact a portion of the plurality of pairs of endless movable electrodes on the upper side of the conveyor.
  8. 청구항 6에 있어서,The method according to claim 6,
    상기 대향하는 전극은, 간격이 상측으로 갈수록 확장되도록 경사진 함수폐기물 건조기.The opposite electrode is inclined so that the interval is extended toward the upper side of the water waste dryer.
  9. 건조기 본체와;A dryer body;
    상기 건조기 본체에 제공되는 함수폐기물에 교류전류가 흐르게 하여 줄열(Joule熱)을 발생시킴으로써, 이 함수폐기물에 함유되어 있는 수분을 증발시키는 교류전류 공급장치를 포함하는 함수폐기물 건조기.And an AC current supply device for evaporating moisture contained in the water waste by causing an AC current to flow through the water waste provided to the dryer body to generate joule heat.
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CN106242233A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-21 上海东诚环保科技有限公司 low temperature sludge drying system
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CN110902858A (en) * 2019-11-04 2020-03-24 浙江大胜达包装股份有限公司 Corrugated paper pulp processing system and operation method thereof
EP4116657A1 (en) 2021-07-06 2023-01-11 RWE Generation NL B.V. Waste drying
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