WO2010067291A1 - Adjustable color lamp with movable color conversion layers - Google Patents

Adjustable color lamp with movable color conversion layers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010067291A1
WO2010067291A1 PCT/IB2009/055524 IB2009055524W WO2010067291A1 WO 2010067291 A1 WO2010067291 A1 WO 2010067291A1 IB 2009055524 W IB2009055524 W IB 2009055524W WO 2010067291 A1 WO2010067291 A1 WO 2010067291A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wavelength conversion
light
lighting device
type
light emitting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2009/055524
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Rifat A. M. Hikmet
Ties Van Bommel
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2010067291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010067291A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S10/00—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect
    • F21S10/02—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect changing colors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/62—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using mixing chambers, e.g. housings with reflective walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/12—Combinations of only three kinds of elements
    • F21V13/14—Combinations of only three kinds of elements the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements, reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
    • F21V9/32—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source characterised by the arrangement of the photoluminescent material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
    • F21V9/38—Combination of two or more photoluminescent elements of different materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/40—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity
    • F21V9/45—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity by adjustment of photoluminescent elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
    • H01L33/60—Reflective elements

Definitions

  • the present invention is relates to the field of light systems, more specifically to a lighting device comprising a light emitting diode, a light mixing chamber and a wavelength conversion element.
  • the invention also relates to a luminaire and a method for the same.
  • a light-emitting diode is a device comprising a semiconductor diode that emits light when an electrical current is applied in the forward direction of the device.
  • the color of the emitted light depends on the composition and condition of the semiconducting material used, and can be infrared, visible, or ultraviolet.
  • a method for obtaining color and color temperature tuneable light emitting devices comprising LEDs is to use LEDs emitting various colors.
  • Such light emitting device may be formed by modulating and carefully mixing the intensity and colors of various LEDs.
  • light-emitting devices may include a wavelength converting region (e.g., phosphor region) which can absorb light from a light generating region (e.g., semiconductor region within an LED) and emit light having a different wavelength.
  • a light emitting device incorporating a wavelength converting region can emit light having wavelength(s) that may not be possible using an LED without such regions.
  • US patent 7,196,354 discloses a light-emitting device which may include a thermally conductive region in contact with a wavelength converting region (e.g., a phosphor region).
  • the thermally conductive region may aid in the extraction of heat resulting from light absorption in the wavelength-converting region.
  • An objective of the disclosed lighting device is to overcome or at least mitigate problems related to the prior art. Further, it is one of many objects of the present invention to create a lighting device, that has a high functional diversity, which can be used in a flexible fashion and makes a high-quality optical impression. Preferably the lighting device should provide reliable and simple color conversion. Preferably the lighting device should provide efficient color conversion.
  • wavelength conversion materials such as wavelength conversion elements
  • the wavelength conversion elements may comprise a color conversion layer.
  • a color conversion layer can be a phosphor, which may absorb light emitted by the LED at an input wavelength, and reemits it at an output wavelength, wherein the output wavelength is different from the input wavelength.
  • the amount of light to be converted or the spectrum of the converted light can be adjusted.
  • a lighting device comprising a first light emitting diode arranged to emit light at a first input wavelength along a first optical axis; a wavelength conversion device arranged to receive the light, comprising at least a first type wavelength conversion element capable of receiving and converting said light from said first input wavelength to a first output wavelengths; at least a second type wavelength conversion element capable of receiving and converting said light from said first input wavelength to a second output wavelengths; a holder arranged to hold the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements; the wavelength conversion device forming a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening; and the wavelength conversion device being associated with a number of wavelength conversion states, each of the states being associated with one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber.
  • the light mixing chamber may be formed between the light emitting element and one of the wavelength conversion elements of the wavelength conversion device. That is, one of the sides of the light mixing chamber may be formed by one of the wavelength conversion elements.
  • the light mixing chamber may be formed between the light emitting element, one of the wavelength conversion elements of the wavelength conversion device and the holder of the wavelength conversion device. That is, one of the sides of the light mixing chamber may be formed by one of the wavelength conversion elements and two of the sides of the light mixing chamber may be formed by the holder.
  • a color and/or color temperature variable lighting device There may thus be provided a color and/or color temperature variable lighting device. Depending on the type of wavelength conversion elements and their position above or beside the light emitting element the amount of light to be converted and the spectrum of the converted light may be adjusted.
  • the wavelength conversion device and the first light emitting diode may be moveable in relation to each other, thereby forming at least two of the number of wavelength conversion states.
  • the holder and the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may be moveable in relation to each other, thereby forming at least two of the number of wavelength conversion states.
  • wavelength conversion elements By moving the holder or the wavelength conversion elements with respect to each other, another type of the wavelength conversion elements may be exposed to the light emitted by the light emitting element. In this way various colors and/or color temperatures may be produced.
  • the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may comprise at least first and second phosphor layers, respectively.
  • the at least first and second phosphor layers may cover the surfaces of at least first and second cavities, respectively.
  • the first and second cavities may form the light mixing chamber.
  • the lighting device may be is arranged to emit the light through an output surface along a second optical axis
  • the first light emitting diode may be arranged such that the first optical axis is angled at most 90° in relation to the second optical axis.
  • the light emitting diode may comprise a heat sink and the wavelength conversion device may be arranged to be in thermal contact with the heat sink.
  • the wavelength conversion device may thus be in direct contact with the heat sink in order to avoid thermal quenching.
  • the holder may comprise first and second plates.
  • the first plate may be arranged to face the first light emitting diode, and the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may be arranged to be placed between the first and second plates.
  • At least the first plate of the first and second plates may have at least one opening exposing one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements to the light.
  • the light mixing chamber may comprise walls.
  • the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may be incorporated in the walls.
  • At least one of the number of wavelength conversion states may be associated with a further type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber.
  • the holder may comprise light reflecting material from the group of a solid metal, a diffuse reflecting ceramic.
  • the holder may comprise a light reflecting coating from the group of a titanium oxide, a metal coating, a dielectric multilayer.
  • a luminaire comprising at least one lighting device as disclosed above.
  • lighting system comprising at least one lighting device as disclosed above, a control unit, and a light sensor, wherein the control unit is configured to: perform at least one measurement using the light sensor; and control a color point of the light emitted by the lighting device based on the at least one measurement.
  • a method for converting light comprising emitting light at a first input wavelength from a first light emitting diode; receiving the light at a wavelength conversion device, the wavelength conversion device comprising at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements held by a holder, wherein the at least first type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a first output wavelength, and the at least second type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a second output wavelength; forming a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening by the wavelength conversion device; and associating the wavelength conversion device with a number of wavelength conversion states, each of the states being associated with one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber; and exposing one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element to receiving the light.
  • the second, third and fourth aspects may generally have the same features and advantages as the first aspect.
  • Fig. Ia-Ic illustrate lighting devices according to embodiments of the invention
  • Fig. 2a-2b illustrate wavelength conversion devices according to embodiments of the invention
  • Fig. 3a-3g illustrate lighting devices according to embodiments of the invention
  • Fig. 3h illustrates optical axes according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3i illustrates a lighting device according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4a-4f illustrate lighting devices according to embodiments of the invention
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. Ia is a side view of a lighting device 100a according to an embodiment.
  • An example of a lighting device is a device that is used for providing light in an area, for purpose of illuminating objects in the area by emitting one or more beams of light.
  • An area should in this context be interpreted broadly.
  • An area is in this context typically an apartment room or an office room, a gym hall, a room in a public place or a part of an outdoor environment, such as a part of a street.
  • the lighting device 100a comprises a light emitting element 102 arranged to emit light along a light axis 103.
  • the lighting device 100a may be combined with a collimating optics, a filter, and the like (not shown).
  • the light emitting element 102 is preferably a solid-state light source.
  • the light emitting element 102 may be a light emitting diode (LED), an organic LED (OLED), a polymer (polyLED) or a laser.
  • the LED may be in a flip chip configuration.
  • Flip chip also known as controlled collapse chip connection (C 4), is a method for interconnecting semiconductor devices, such as integrated circuit (IC) chips and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), to external circuitry with solder bumps that have been deposited onto the chip pads. The solder bumps are deposited on the chip pads on the top side of the wafer during the final wafer processing step.
  • Solid-state light sources such as LEDs, OLEDs, polyLEDs or lasers, may offer several advantages over traditional light sources, such as light bulbs.
  • One advantage may be long lifetime.
  • One advantage may be low operating voltage.
  • One advantage may be small form factor (thereby providing design flexibility).
  • One advantage may be that solid- state light sources may emit almost pure spectral colors.
  • One advantage may be fast modulation of lumen output.
  • One advantage may be a rapid on/off switch.
  • One advantage may be less radiated infrared or UV light in comparison to non-solid-state light sources.
  • the light emitting element 102 may comprise a heat sink 104.
  • the heat sink may be arranged to dissipate heat from the LED using thermal contact (either direct or radiant).
  • the lighting device 100a further comprises a wavelength conversion device 108.
  • the wavelength conversion device 108 is arranged to receive light emitted by the light emitting element 102.
  • the wavelength conversion device 108 comprises a holder 110 arranged to hold at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c.
  • the holder 110 may be arranged to reflect the light emitted by the light emitting element 102.
  • the holder may be a solid metal.
  • the holder may be a diffuse reflecting ceramic.
  • the holder may comprise a light reflecting coating. That is, it is possible to use a coating, such as titanium oxide or a metal coating or dielectric multilayer coating, on a surface of the holder facing the light emitting element 102.
  • the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c are capable of receiving the light from the light emitting element 102, wherein the light emitting element is arranged to emit light at a first input wavelength.
  • the wavelength conversion elements are further capable of converting the input light at the first input wavelength to output light at least first and second output wavelengths, respectively, and then to output the output light, as indicated by the dashed arrows associated with reference numeral 114 in Fig. Ia. That is, each wavelength conversion element 112a, 112b, 112c associated with unique wavelength properties may be associated with a unique output wavelength.
  • the wavelength conversion element 112a is associated with a first output wavelength
  • the wavelength conversion element 112b is associated with a second output wavelength
  • the wavelength conversion element 112c is associated with a third output wavelength, as indicated by the different shading patterns of the elements 112a, 112b, 112c.
  • the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c may comprise a phosphor layer.
  • the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c may comprise a semi-transparent material.
  • the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c may be placed on top of a window (not shown) with a high thermal conductivity such as alumina or sapphire which may also be thermally attached to the holder 110. This may be advantageous in case the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c are not sufficiently heat conducting.
  • a light mixing chamber 106 may be formed between the light emitting element 102 and one of the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c of the wavelength conversion device 108. In Fig. Ia the light mixing chamber 106 is formed between the light emitting element 102 and the wavelength conversion element 112b.
  • the wavelength conversion device 108 may be arranged such that, at one time, one type of the at least first and second wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c is exclusively exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber 106.
  • the light emitting element 102 may be moveable in relation to the light conversion device 108.
  • both the light emitting element 102 and the light conversion element 108 may be moveable, that is, neither the light emitting element 102 nor the light conversion element 108 may be fixed mounted.
  • Fig. Ib is a side view of a lighting device 100b according to an embodiment.
  • the lighting device 100b is similar to the lighting device 100a of Fig. Ia.
  • the wavelength conversion device 108 has been moved to the left in relation to the light emitting element 102, as indicated by the dashed arrow 150 in Fig. Ib. That is, at least part of the wavelength conversion device 108 may be movable in relation to the light emitting element 102.
  • different ones of the wavelength conversion element 112a, 112b, 112c may be exclusively exposed to the light emitted by the light emitting element 102.
  • the light mixing chamber 106 is formed between the light emitting element 102 and the wavelength conversion element 112c.
  • the wavelength conversion device 108 may thus comprise, or be operatively connected to, electro -mechanical means (not shown) arranged for moving the wavelength conversion device 108 in relation to the light emitting element 102.
  • Fig. Ic is a side view of a lighting device 101 according to an embodiment.
  • the lighting device 101 may comprise more than one light emitting element. That is, the lighting device may comprise a first light emitting element 102a and at least a second light emitting element 102b.
  • the light emitting elements 102a, 102b may be attached to a common heat sink, or alternatively to individual heat sinks 104a, 104b.
  • the first light emitting element 102a may be associated with a first input wavelength.
  • the second light emitting element 102a may be associated with a second input wavelength.
  • the second input wavelength may be different from the first input wavelength.
  • a separate mixing chamber may be formed for each light emitting element. That is, a first mixing chamber 106a may be formed between the first light emitting element 102a and a first of the wavelength conversion elements, and a second mixing chamber 106b may be formed between the second light emitting element 102b and a second of the wavelength conversion elements.
  • the output light may then comprise a first beam of light 114a and a second beam of light 114b.
  • Fig. 2a is a top view of a wavelength conversion device 202 similar to the wavelength conversion device 108 of Figs. Ia-Ic.
  • the wavelength conversion device 202 comprises holder elements 204a, 204b, 204c, 204d arranged on a common holder and wavelength conversion element 206a, 206b, 206c.
  • Fig. 2b is a top view of a wavelength conversion device 210 similar to the wavelength conversion devices 108 and 202 of Figs. Ia-Ic and Fig. 2a, respectively.
  • the wavelength conversion device 210 comprises a holder element 212 and a plurality of wavelength conversion elements, one of which is denoted by the reference numeral 214.
  • the wavelength conversion device 210 may thus be movable in relation to a light emitting element (not shown), thereby at one time exclusively exposing one of the wavelength conversion elements to the light emitted by the light emitted element.
  • the wavelength conversion device 210 may be moveable in relation to the light emitting elements in two dimensions.
  • Fig. 3a is a top view of a lighting device 300a according to an embodiment.
  • the lighting device 300a comprises a light emitting element 302 attached to a heat sink 304.
  • the lighting device 300a further comprises a wavelength conversion device 308 comprising a holder 310 and at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b,
  • a light mixing chamber 306 is formed between the light emitting element 302 and one of the wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c of the wavelength conversion device 308.
  • the light mixing chamber 306 is formed between the light emitting element 302 and the wavelength conversion element 312b.
  • the lighting device 300a according to this embodiment is arranged in a side emission configuration where light emission is from a surface perpendicular to the illuminated surfaces, as will be further explained below with reference to Fig. 3c.
  • the heat sink 304 may be in a direct contact with the illuminating surface of the wavelength conversion device 308.
  • the phosphor layers may cover all the surfaces of wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c.
  • Fig. 3a shows rectangular cavities forming the light mixing chamber but the cavities may have various different shapes.
  • the wavelength conversion device 308 is moveable in relation to the light emitting element 302.
  • Fig. 3b is a side view of the holder 308 of Fig. 3a.
  • the holder has a first side and a second side and comprises wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c which are embodied as grooves formed in a direction from the first side to the second side of the holder 308.
  • Fig. 3c is a cross section view of the lighting device 300a of Fig. 3a taken at a cut applied through the wavelength conversion element 312b showing the light axis 303.
  • Fig. 3d is a top view of a lighting device 300d according to an embodiment.
  • the lighting device 300d is similar to the lighting device 300a of Fig. 3a.
  • Fig. 3e is a side view of the holder 308 of Fig. 3d.
  • the holder has a first side and a second side and comprises wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c which are embodied as grooves formed in a direction from the first side to an intermediate point between the first side and the second side.
  • Fig. 3f is a cross section view of the lighting device 300d of Fig. 3d taken at a cut applied through the wavelength conversion element 312b showing the light axis 303.
  • 3g is a cross section view of a lighting device 300g similar to the lighting device 300d of Fig. 3d showing an input optical axis 303a and an output optical axis 303b.
  • the lighting device 300g further comprises plates 305 a, 305b wherein the converted output light is outputted between the plates 305a, 305b along the output optical axis 303b, wherein the output optical axis 303b is substantially perpendicular to the input optical axis 303 a.
  • the lighting device 300g is arranged to emit the light through an output surface formed between the plates 305a, 305b, wherein the light emitting element 302 is arranged such that the light at the first input wavelength is emitted from the light emitting element along the input optical axis 303 a and emitted from the lighting device along the output optical axis 303b, wherein the output optical axis 303b is substantially perpendicular to the input optical axis 303 a, and wherein the output optical axis 303b is perpendicular to the output surface.
  • Fig. 3h shows the input optical axis 303a and the output optical axis 303b of Fig. 3g, wherein the input optical axis 303a and the output optical axis 303b are angled by ⁇ degrees, measured from the input optical axis 303 a to the output optical axis 303b, as indicated by the reference numeral 304. That is, according to an embodiment ⁇ ⁇ 90°.
  • An advantage may be that substantially all the light emitted from the light emitting element is reflected and converted by the wavelength converting elements before being emitted from the lighting device.
  • Fig. 3i is a perspective view of a lighting device 30Oi similar to the lighting devices 30Od, 300g of Figs.
  • Fig. 3i illustrates the light path of the emitted light as the light of a first input wavelength is emitted from the light emitting element 302 along the light axis 303, received, converted and emitted at a first output wavelength from the wavelength conversion element 312b, in the light mixing chamber 306.
  • Fig. 4a is a side view of a lighting device 400a according to an embodiment.
  • Fig. 4b is a top view of the same.
  • the lighting device 400a comprises a light emitting element 402 arranged to emit light along a light axis 403, wherein the light emitting element 402 is attached to a heat sink 404.
  • a wavelength conversion device is placed in the light path of the light emitting element.
  • the wavelength conversion device comprises wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c.
  • the wavelength conversion device further comprises top holders 410a, 410b and bottom holders 411a, 41 Ib. At least one of the wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c and the bottom holders 411a, 41 Ib form a light mixing chamber 406.
  • the walls 408 of the lighting device may be highly reflective.
  • a mechanism in form of a top holder having parts 410a, 410b and a bottom holder having parts 41 Ia, 41 Ib is devised to at one time be able to expose only one type of the wavelength conversion elements.
  • the wavelength conversion elements may thus comprise various areas with various phosphor coverage with different conversion characteristics.
  • the rest of the wavelength conversion elements may then be hidden between the holders, which may comprise highly reflecting surfaces, to avoid direct light emitted by the light emitting element reaching them.
  • By moving the holder(s) and the wavelength conversion elements with respect to each other various areas of the wavelength conversion elements becomes exposed to direct light emitted by the light emitting element which is then converted to another wavelength. In this way various colors and color temperatures may be created.
  • the wavelength conversion device may comprise, or be operative Iy connected to, electro-mechanical means (not shown) arranged for moving the wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c in relation to the holders 410a, 410b, 411a, 41 Ib.
  • the emitted, reflected and converted light paths are schematically illustrated by the dashed arrows associated with reference numerals 414a, 414b, 414c.
  • the light path 414a has been emitted by the light emitting element 402, converted and reflected by the wavelength conversion element 412b, reflected by the walls 408 before being emitted through the output surface of the lighting device.
  • the light path 414b has been emitted by the light emitting element 402, converted and re-emitted by the wavelength conversion element 414b, before being emitted through the output surface of the lighting device.
  • the light path 414c has been emitted by the light emitting element 402, reflected by the bottom holder 41 Ib, reflected by the walls 408 of the light mixing chamber before being emitted through the output surface of the lighting device.
  • the top holder may form a solid top holder (not shown), thereby not allowing any light to be emitted through the top side of the wavelength conversion elements and only letting the emitted light to be reflected and re-emitted at the bottom side of the wavelength conversion elements.
  • Fig. 4c is a side view of a lighting device 400c similar to the lighting device 400a of Fig. 4a.
  • Fig. 4d is a top view of the same.
  • the lighting device 400c comprises walls 408 and a light emitting element 402 attached to a heat sink 404.
  • a wavelength conversion device is according to this embodiment placed in the light path of the light emitting element.
  • the wavelength conversion device comprises wavelength conversion elements 412a (not shown) and 412b.
  • the wavelength conversion device further comprises holders 410c, 41Od, 41 Ic, 41 Id.
  • the wavelength conversion device is arranged such that the wavelength conversion elements 412a (not shown) and 412b are moveable in relation to the holders 410c, 41Od, 41 Ic, 41 Id.
  • the wavelength conversion elements 412a (not shown) and 412b may be rotatable in relation to the holders 410c, 41Od, 41 Ic, 41 Id.
  • Fig. 4e is a top view of a lighting device 40Oe according to an embodiment.
  • the lighting device comprises a plurality of light emitting elements (not shown) confined in a volume spanned by walls 408.
  • the lighting device further comprises a plurality of holders, commonly denoted 410a.
  • the holders 410a of Fig. 4e are arranged such that at one time only one type of wavelength conversion elements (in the example of Fig. 4e wavelength conversion elements 412a) from a plurality of types of wavelength conversion elements is exposed to the plurality of light emitting elements.
  • the wavelength conversion elements may be arranged such that at one time different combinations of the wavelength conversion elements may be exposed.
  • the holders and the wavelength conversion elements are moveable in relation to each other.
  • the holders and the wavelength conversion elements may be rotatable in relation to each other. Thereby different types of the plurality of types of wavelength conversion elements may be exposed to the plurality of light emitting elements.
  • the lighting device 40Oe allows for at least two different combinations of output wavelengths to be formed.
  • Fig. 4f is a top view of a lighting device 40Of according to an embodiment.
  • the lighting device comprises a light emitting element 402 confined in a volume spanned by walls 408.
  • the lighting device further comprises a plurality of holders, commonly denoted 410a.
  • the holders 410a are arranged such that at one time only one type of wavelength conversion elements.
  • the wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c, 412d are incorporated on the walls 408 of the lighting device 40Of.
  • either the wavelength conversion elements or the holder 410a can be moved exposing different parts of the wavelength conversion elements to the light originating from the light emitting element. In this way the color and the color temperature of the lighting device can be adjusted.
  • the embodiments described above may also comprise additional elements such as color filters (multilayer, absorbing) but also additional phosphor layers.
  • the lighting device may be a retrofit lighting device.
  • the lighting device may be part of a luminaire.
  • the lighting device may be part of a lighting system.
  • a light sensor may be positioned within the lighting device, or elsewhere within the lighting system. However, it may also be positioned outside the lighting system as an external device operatively connected to the lighting system via a connector, such as a connecting wire.
  • the connection to the lighting system may also be a remote connection, such as by infrared (IR) or radio communications, etc. It may also be possible to employ multiple lighting devices within the light source environment.
  • the lighting device and the light sensor may be operatively connected to a control unit.
  • the control unit may be configured to perform at least one measurement using the light sensor. The measurement may pertain to a color point of the emitted light.
  • the control unit may further be configured to control a color point of the light emitted by the lighting device based on the at least one measurement. That is, the control unit may control the holder and/or wavelength conversion elements.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a flowchart according to an embodiment relating to a method for converting light. The method comprises in a step 502 emitting light at a first input wavelength from a first light emitting diode.
  • a step 504 the light is received at a wavelength conversion device, wherein the wavelength conversion device comprises at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements held by a holder, and wherein the at least first type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a first output wavelength, and the at least second type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a second output wavelength.
  • a step 506 comprises forming, by the wavelength conversion device, a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening.
  • the wavelength conversion device is associated with a number of wavelength conversion states, wherein each of the states is associated with one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber.
  • the method further comprises exposing, in a step 510, one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element to receiving the light. Thereby light may be emitted at the least first and/or second output wavelengths, respectively.

Abstract

There is provided a lighting device arranged to produce light at different colors and color temperatures. The lighting device comprises a light emitting diode (LED) and is based on a movable wavelength conversion device. The wavelength conversion device is arranged such that only one type of at least first and second wavelength conversion elements is at one time exposed to receiving light in a light mixing chamber. A phosphor coated holder can be in direct contact with a heat sink of the LED. A phosphor coated plate can be hidden behind a holder with an opening. By moving the holder or the phosphor plate with respect to each other another part of the phosphor plate can be exposed to the light emitted by the LED.

Description

Adjustable color lamp with movable color conversion layers
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention is relates to the field of light systems, more specifically to a lighting device comprising a light emitting diode, a light mixing chamber and a wavelength conversion element. The invention also relates to a luminaire and a method for the same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a device comprising a semiconductor diode that emits light when an electrical current is applied in the forward direction of the device. The color of the emitted light depends on the composition and condition of the semiconducting material used, and can be infrared, visible, or ultraviolet.
A method for obtaining color and color temperature tuneable light emitting devices comprising LEDs is to use LEDs emitting various colors. Such light emitting device may be formed by modulating and carefully mixing the intensity and colors of various LEDs. Further, light-emitting devices may include a wavelength converting region (e.g., phosphor region) which can absorb light from a light generating region (e.g., semiconductor region within an LED) and emit light having a different wavelength. As a result, a light emitting device incorporating a wavelength converting region can emit light having wavelength(s) that may not be possible using an LED without such regions. US patent 7,196,354 discloses a light-emitting device which may include a thermally conductive region in contact with a wavelength converting region (e.g., a phosphor region). The thermally conductive region may aid in the extraction of heat resulting from light absorption in the wavelength-converting region.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
There are many problems associated with light emitting devices based on modulation and careful mixtures of the intensity and colors of various LEDs. The problems include inter alia differential aging, temperature compensation, etc of the different LEDs. An objective of the disclosed lighting device is to overcome or at least mitigate problems related to the prior art. Further, it is one of many objects of the present invention to create a lighting device, that has a high functional diversity, which can be used in a flexible fashion and makes a high-quality optical impression. Preferably the lighting device should provide reliable and simple color conversion. Preferably the lighting device should provide efficient color conversion.
There is provided a lighting device wherein wavelength conversion materials, such as wavelength conversion elements, can be moved above or beside the LED chip in order to change the color or the color temperature of the lighting device. The wavelength conversion elements may comprise a color conversion layer. Such a color conversion layer can be a phosphor, which may absorb light emitted by the LED at an input wavelength, and reemits it at an output wavelength, wherein the output wavelength is different from the input wavelength. Depending on the type of wavelength conversion material and its position (e.g., above or beside the LED chip) the amount of light to be converted or the spectrum of the converted light can be adjusted.
Hence according to a first aspect there is provided a lighting device comprising a first light emitting diode arranged to emit light at a first input wavelength along a first optical axis; a wavelength conversion device arranged to receive the light, comprising at least a first type wavelength conversion element capable of receiving and converting said light from said first input wavelength to a first output wavelengths; at least a second type wavelength conversion element capable of receiving and converting said light from said first input wavelength to a second output wavelengths; a holder arranged to hold the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements; the wavelength conversion device forming a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening; and the wavelength conversion device being associated with a number of wavelength conversion states, each of the states being associated with one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber.
The light mixing chamber may be formed between the light emitting element and one of the wavelength conversion elements of the wavelength conversion device. That is, one of the sides of the light mixing chamber may be formed by one of the wavelength conversion elements.
The light mixing chamber may be formed between the light emitting element, one of the wavelength conversion elements of the wavelength conversion device and the holder of the wavelength conversion device. That is, one of the sides of the light mixing chamber may be formed by one of the wavelength conversion elements and two of the sides of the light mixing chamber may be formed by the holder.
There may thus be provided a color and/or color temperature variable lighting device. Depending on the type of wavelength conversion elements and their position above or beside the light emitting element the amount of light to be converted and the spectrum of the converted light may be adjusted.
The wavelength conversion device and the first light emitting diode may be moveable in relation to each other, thereby forming at least two of the number of wavelength conversion states.
The holder and the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may be moveable in relation to each other, thereby forming at least two of the number of wavelength conversion states.
By moving the holder or the wavelength conversion elements with respect to each other, another type of the wavelength conversion elements may be exposed to the light emitted by the light emitting element. In this way various colors and/or color temperatures may be produced.
The at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may comprise at least first and second phosphor layers, respectively. The at least first and second phosphor layers may cover the surfaces of at least first and second cavities, respectively. The first and second cavities may form the light mixing chamber.
The lighting device may be is arranged to emit the light through an output surface along a second optical axis, The first light emitting diode may be arranged such that the first optical axis is angled at most 90° in relation to the second optical axis.
The light emitting diode may comprise a heat sink and the wavelength conversion device may be arranged to be in thermal contact with the heat sink. The wavelength conversion device may thus be in direct contact with the heat sink in order to avoid thermal quenching. The holder may comprise first and second plates. The first plate may be arranged to face the first light emitting diode, and the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may be arranged to be placed between the first and second plates. At least the first plate of the first and second plates may have at least one opening exposing one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements to the light.
The light mixing chamber may comprise walls. The at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements may be incorporated in the walls.
At least one of the number of wavelength conversion states may be associated with a further type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber.
The holder may comprise light reflecting material from the group of a solid metal, a diffuse reflecting ceramic.
The holder may comprise a light reflecting coating from the group of a titanium oxide, a metal coating, a dielectric multilayer.
According to a second aspect there is provided a luminaire comprising at least one lighting device as disclosed above. According to a third aspect there is provided lighting system comprising at least one lighting device as disclosed above, a control unit, and a light sensor, wherein the control unit is configured to: perform at least one measurement using the light sensor; and control a color point of the light emitted by the lighting device based on the at least one measurement. According to a fourth aspect there is provided a method for converting light, comprising emitting light at a first input wavelength from a first light emitting diode; receiving the light at a wavelength conversion device, the wavelength conversion device comprising at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements held by a holder, wherein the at least first type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a first output wavelength, and the at least second type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a second output wavelength; forming a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening by the wavelength conversion device; and associating the wavelength conversion device with a number of wavelength conversion states, each of the states being associated with one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber; and exposing one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element to receiving the light. The second, third and fourth aspects may generally have the same features and advantages as the first aspect.
These and other aspect of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter. Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a/an/the [device, event, message, alarm, parameter, step etc.]" are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of said device, element, parameter, step etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of a presently preferred embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. Ia-Ic illustrate lighting devices according to embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 2a-2b illustrate wavelength conversion devices according to embodiments of the invention; Fig. 3a-3g illustrate lighting devices according to embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 3h illustrates optical axes according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3i illustrates a lighting device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4a-4f illustrate lighting devices according to embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a flowchart according to an embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which certain embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided by way of example so that this disclosure will convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
Fig. Ia is a side view of a lighting device 100a according to an embodiment. An example of a lighting device is a device that is used for providing light in an area, for purpose of illuminating objects in the area by emitting one or more beams of light. An area should in this context be interpreted broadly. An area is in this context typically an apartment room or an office room, a gym hall, a room in a public place or a part of an outdoor environment, such as a part of a street. The lighting device 100a comprises a light emitting element 102 arranged to emit light along a light axis 103. The lighting device 100a may be combined with a collimating optics, a filter, and the like (not shown).
The light emitting element 102 is preferably a solid-state light source. The light emitting element 102 may be a light emitting diode (LED), an organic LED (OLED), a polymer (polyLED) or a laser. The LED may be in a flip chip configuration. Flip chip, also known as controlled collapse chip connection (C 4), is a method for interconnecting semiconductor devices, such as integrated circuit (IC) chips and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), to external circuitry with solder bumps that have been deposited onto the chip pads. The solder bumps are deposited on the chip pads on the top side of the wafer during the final wafer processing step. In order to mount the chip to external circuitry (e.g., a circuit board or another chip or wafer), the chip is flipped over (so that its top side faces down) and aligned so that its pads align with matching pads on the external circuit, and then the solder is flowed to complete the interconnect. This is in contrast to wire bonding, in which the chip is mounted upright and wires are used to interconnect the chip pads to external circuitry. Solid-state light sources, such as LEDs, OLEDs, polyLEDs or lasers, may offer several advantages over traditional light sources, such as light bulbs. One advantage may be long lifetime. One advantage may be low operating voltage. One advantage may be small form factor (thereby providing design flexibility). One advantage may be that solid- state light sources may emit almost pure spectral colors. One advantage may be fast modulation of lumen output. One advantage may be a rapid on/off switch. One advantage may be less radiated infrared or UV light in comparison to non-solid-state light sources.
The light emitting element 102 may comprise a heat sink 104. The heat sink may be arranged to dissipate heat from the LED using thermal contact (either direct or radiant). The lighting device 100a further comprises a wavelength conversion device 108. The wavelength conversion device 108 is arranged to receive light emitted by the light emitting element 102.
The wavelength conversion device 108 comprises a holder 110 arranged to hold at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c. The holder 110 may be arranged to reflect the light emitted by the light emitting element 102. The holder may be a solid metal. The holder may be a diffuse reflecting ceramic. The holder may comprise a light reflecting coating. That is, it is possible to use a coating, such as titanium oxide or a metal coating or dielectric multilayer coating, on a surface of the holder facing the light emitting element 102.
The wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c are capable of receiving the light from the light emitting element 102, wherein the light emitting element is arranged to emit light at a first input wavelength. The wavelength conversion elements are further capable of converting the input light at the first input wavelength to output light at least first and second output wavelengths, respectively, and then to output the output light, as indicated by the dashed arrows associated with reference numeral 114 in Fig. Ia. That is, each wavelength conversion element 112a, 112b, 112c associated with unique wavelength properties may be associated with a unique output wavelength. In the example of Fig. Ia the wavelength conversion element 112a is associated with a first output wavelength, the wavelength conversion element 112b is associated with a second output wavelength, and the wavelength conversion element 112c is associated with a third output wavelength, as indicated by the different shading patterns of the elements 112a, 112b, 112c. The wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c may comprise a phosphor layer. The wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c may comprise a semi-transparent material. The wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c may be placed on top of a window (not shown) with a high thermal conductivity such as alumina or sapphire which may also be thermally attached to the holder 110. This may be advantageous in case the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c are not sufficiently heat conducting.
A light mixing chamber 106 may be formed between the light emitting element 102 and one of the wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c of the wavelength conversion device 108. In Fig. Ia the light mixing chamber 106 is formed between the light emitting element 102 and the wavelength conversion element 112b.
The wavelength conversion device 108 may be arranged such that, at one time, one type of the at least first and second wavelength conversion elements 112a, 112b, 112c is exclusively exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber 106. Alternatively, instead of having the light conversion device 108 moveable in relation to the light emitting element 102, the light emitting element 102 may be moveable in relation to the light conversion device 108. Further, both the light emitting element 102 and the light conversion element 108 may be moveable, that is, neither the light emitting element 102 nor the light conversion element 108 may be fixed mounted.
Fig. Ib is a side view of a lighting device 100b according to an embodiment. The lighting device 100b is similar to the lighting device 100a of Fig. Ia. In comparison to the lighting device 100a of Fig. Ia the wavelength conversion device 108 has been moved to the left in relation to the light emitting element 102, as indicated by the dashed arrow 150 in Fig. Ib. That is, at least part of the wavelength conversion device 108 may be movable in relation to the light emitting element 102. Thereby different ones of the wavelength conversion element 112a, 112b, 112c may be exclusively exposed to the light emitted by the light emitting element 102. According to the example of Fig. Ib the light mixing chamber 106 is formed between the light emitting element 102 and the wavelength conversion element 112c.
The wavelength conversion device 108 may thus comprise, or be operatively connected to, electro -mechanical means (not shown) arranged for moving the wavelength conversion device 108 in relation to the light emitting element 102. Fig. Ic is a side view of a lighting device 101 according to an embodiment. In general, the lighting device 101 may comprise more than one light emitting element. That is, the lighting device may comprise a first light emitting element 102a and at least a second light emitting element 102b. The light emitting elements 102a, 102b may be attached to a common heat sink, or alternatively to individual heat sinks 104a, 104b. The first light emitting element 102a may be associated with a first input wavelength. The second light emitting element 102a may be associated with a second input wavelength. The second input wavelength may be different from the first input wavelength. A separate mixing chamber may be formed for each light emitting element. That is, a first mixing chamber 106a may be formed between the first light emitting element 102a and a first of the wavelength conversion elements, and a second mixing chamber 106b may be formed between the second light emitting element 102b and a second of the wavelength conversion elements. The output light may then comprise a first beam of light 114a and a second beam of light 114b.
Fig. 2a is a top view of a wavelength conversion device 202 similar to the wavelength conversion device 108 of Figs. Ia-Ic. The wavelength conversion device 202 comprises holder elements 204a, 204b, 204c, 204d arranged on a common holder and wavelength conversion element 206a, 206b, 206c.
Fig. 2b is a top view of a wavelength conversion device 210 similar to the wavelength conversion devices 108 and 202 of Figs. Ia-Ic and Fig. 2a, respectively. The wavelength conversion device 210 comprises a holder element 212 and a plurality of wavelength conversion elements, one of which is denoted by the reference numeral 214. In a lighting device arrangement the wavelength conversion device 210 may thus be movable in relation to a light emitting element (not shown), thereby at one time exclusively exposing one of the wavelength conversion elements to the light emitted by the light emitted element. In other words, the wavelength conversion device 210 may be moveable in relation to the light emitting elements in two dimensions.
It may also be possible to form an arrangement comprising the wavelength conversion device 210 of Fig. 2b and light emitting elements such as the light emitting elements 102a, 102b of Fig. Ic, thereby at one time exclusively exposing two of the wavelength conversion elements to the light emitted by the light emitted elements 102a, 102b.
Fig. 3a is a top view of a lighting device 300a according to an embodiment. The lighting device 300a comprises a light emitting element 302 attached to a heat sink 304. The lighting device 300a further comprises a wavelength conversion device 308 comprising a holder 310 and at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b,
312c. A light mixing chamber 306 is formed between the light emitting element 302 and one of the wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c of the wavelength conversion device 308. In Fig. 3a the light mixing chamber 306 is formed between the light emitting element 302 and the wavelength conversion element 312b. The lighting device 300a according to this embodiment is arranged in a side emission configuration where light emission is from a surface perpendicular to the illuminated surfaces, as will be further explained below with reference to Fig. 3c. The heat sink 304 may be in a direct contact with the illuminating surface of the wavelength conversion device 308. The phosphor layers may cover all the surfaces of wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c. However it is also possible to have a partial phosphor coverage of the surfaces while the other surfaces are covered by a highly reflecting material (not shown). The phosphor layers may thereby be in a good thermal contact with the heat sink so that the temperature remains at acceptable levels. Fig. 3a shows rectangular cavities forming the light mixing chamber but the cavities may have various different shapes. The wavelength conversion device 308 is moveable in relation to the light emitting element 302.
Fig. 3b is a side view of the holder 308 of Fig. 3a. The holder has a first side and a second side and comprises wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c which are embodied as grooves formed in a direction from the first side to the second side of the holder 308. Fig. 3c is a cross section view of the lighting device 300a of Fig. 3a taken at a cut applied through the wavelength conversion element 312b showing the light axis 303.
Fig. 3d is a top view of a lighting device 300d according to an embodiment. The lighting device 300d is similar to the lighting device 300a of Fig. 3a. Fig. 3e is a side view of the holder 308 of Fig. 3d. The holder has a first side and a second side and comprises wavelength conversion elements 312a, 312b, 312c which are embodied as grooves formed in a direction from the first side to an intermediate point between the first side and the second side. Fig. 3f is a cross section view of the lighting device 300d of Fig. 3d taken at a cut applied through the wavelength conversion element 312b showing the light axis 303. Fig. 3g is a cross section view of a lighting device 300g similar to the lighting device 300d of Fig. 3d showing an input optical axis 303a and an output optical axis 303b. The lighting device 300g further comprises plates 305 a, 305b wherein the converted output light is outputted between the plates 305a, 305b along the output optical axis 303b, wherein the output optical axis 303b is substantially perpendicular to the input optical axis 303 a. That is, according to an embodiment the lighting device 300g is arranged to emit the light through an output surface formed between the plates 305a, 305b, wherein the light emitting element 302 is arranged such that the light at the first input wavelength is emitted from the light emitting element along the input optical axis 303 a and emitted from the lighting device along the output optical axis 303b, wherein the output optical axis 303b is substantially perpendicular to the input optical axis 303 a, and wherein the output optical axis 303b is perpendicular to the output surface.
This is also illustrated in Fig. 3h which shows the input optical axis 303a and the output optical axis 303b of Fig. 3g, wherein the input optical axis 303a and the output optical axis 303b are angled by α degrees, measured from the input optical axis 303 a to the output optical axis 303b, as indicated by the reference numeral 304. That is, according to an embodiment α < 90°. An advantage may be that substantially all the light emitted from the light emitting element is reflected and converted by the wavelength converting elements before being emitted from the lighting device. Fig. 3i is a perspective view of a lighting device 30Oi similar to the lighting devices 30Od, 300g of Figs. 3d and 3g. Fig. 3i illustrates the light path of the emitted light as the light of a first input wavelength is emitted from the light emitting element 302 along the light axis 303, received, converted and emitted at a first output wavelength from the wavelength conversion element 312b, in the light mixing chamber 306.
It may be advantageous to use a light emitting element with a photonic band gap structure which may form collimated light emission.
Fig. 4a is a side view of a lighting device 400a according to an embodiment. Fig. 4b is a top view of the same. The lighting device 400a comprises a light emitting element 402 arranged to emit light along a light axis 403, wherein the light emitting element 402 is attached to a heat sink 404. A wavelength conversion device is placed in the light path of the light emitting element. The wavelength conversion device comprises wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c. The wavelength conversion device further comprises top holders 410a, 410b and bottom holders 411a, 41 Ib. At least one of the wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c and the bottom holders 411a, 41 Ib form a light mixing chamber 406.
The walls 408 of the lighting device may be highly reflective. A mechanism in form of a top holder having parts 410a, 410b and a bottom holder having parts 41 Ia, 41 Ib is devised to at one time be able to expose only one type of the wavelength conversion elements. The wavelength conversion elements may thus comprise various areas with various phosphor coverage with different conversion characteristics. The rest of the wavelength conversion elements may then be hidden between the holders, which may comprise highly reflecting surfaces, to avoid direct light emitted by the light emitting element reaching them. By moving the holder(s) and the wavelength conversion elements with respect to each other various areas of the wavelength conversion elements becomes exposed to direct light emitted by the light emitting element which is then converted to another wavelength. In this way various colors and color temperatures may be created. Thereby a small form factor for the lighting device while getting tuneable color from a relatively large surface without the need for using a large color conversion surface may be achieved. The wavelength conversion device may comprise, or be operative Iy connected to, electro-mechanical means (not shown) arranged for moving the wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c in relation to the holders 410a, 410b, 411a, 41 Ib.
The emitted, reflected and converted light paths are schematically illustrated by the dashed arrows associated with reference numerals 414a, 414b, 414c. The light path 414a has been emitted by the light emitting element 402, converted and reflected by the wavelength conversion element 412b, reflected by the walls 408 before being emitted through the output surface of the lighting device. The light path 414b has been emitted by the light emitting element 402, converted and re-emitted by the wavelength conversion element 414b, before being emitted through the output surface of the lighting device. The light path 414c has been emitted by the light emitting element 402, reflected by the bottom holder 41 Ib, reflected by the walls 408 of the light mixing chamber before being emitted through the output surface of the lighting device.
Alternatively the top holder may form a solid top holder (not shown), thereby not allowing any light to be emitted through the top side of the wavelength conversion elements and only letting the emitted light to be reflected and re-emitted at the bottom side of the wavelength conversion elements.
Fig. 4c is a side view of a lighting device 400c similar to the lighting device 400a of Fig. 4a. Fig. 4d is a top view of the same. The lighting device 400c comprises walls 408 and a light emitting element 402 attached to a heat sink 404. A wavelength conversion device is according to this embodiment placed in the light path of the light emitting element. The wavelength conversion device comprises wavelength conversion elements 412a (not shown) and 412b. The wavelength conversion device further comprises holders 410c, 41Od, 41 Ic, 41 Id. The wavelength conversion device is arranged such that the wavelength conversion elements 412a (not shown) and 412b are moveable in relation to the holders 410c, 41Od, 41 Ic, 41 Id. The wavelength conversion elements 412a (not shown) and 412b may be rotatable in relation to the holders 410c, 41Od, 41 Ic, 41 Id.
Fig. 4e is a top view of a lighting device 40Oe according to an embodiment. The lighting device comprises a plurality of light emitting elements (not shown) confined in a volume spanned by walls 408. The lighting device further comprises a plurality of holders, commonly denoted 410a. The holders 410a of Fig. 4e are arranged such that at one time only one type of wavelength conversion elements (in the example of Fig. 4e wavelength conversion elements 412a) from a plurality of types of wavelength conversion elements is exposed to the plurality of light emitting elements. Alternatively the wavelength conversion elements may be arranged such that at one time different combinations of the wavelength conversion elements may be exposed. The holders and the wavelength conversion elements are moveable in relation to each other. The holders and the wavelength conversion elements may be rotatable in relation to each other. Thereby different types of the plurality of types of wavelength conversion elements may be exposed to the plurality of light emitting elements. In general the lighting device 40Oe allows for at least two different combinations of output wavelengths to be formed.
Fig. 4f is a top view of a lighting device 40Of according to an embodiment. The lighting device comprises a light emitting element 402 confined in a volume spanned by walls 408. The lighting device further comprises a plurality of holders, commonly denoted 410a. Similarly to the lighting device 40Oe of Fig. 4e the holders 410a are arranged such that at one time only one type of wavelength conversion elements. In Fig. 4f the wavelength conversion elements 412a, 412b, 412c, 412d are incorporated on the walls 408 of the lighting device 40Of. In this configuration either the wavelength conversion elements or the holder 410a can be moved exposing different parts of the wavelength conversion elements to the light originating from the light emitting element. In this way the color and the color temperature of the lighting device can be adjusted.
The embodiments described above may also comprise additional elements such as color filters (multilayer, absorbing) but also additional phosphor layers. The lighting device may be a retrofit lighting device.
The lighting device may be part of a luminaire. The lighting device may be part of a lighting system. A light sensor may be positioned within the lighting device, or elsewhere within the lighting system. However, it may also be positioned outside the lighting system as an external device operatively connected to the lighting system via a connector, such as a connecting wire. The connection to the lighting system may also be a remote connection, such as by infrared (IR) or radio communications, etc. It may also be possible to employ multiple lighting devices within the light source environment. The lighting device and the light sensor may be operatively connected to a control unit. The control unit may be configured to perform at least one measurement using the light sensor. The measurement may pertain to a color point of the emitted light. The control unit may further be configured to control a color point of the light emitted by the lighting device based on the at least one measurement. That is, the control unit may control the holder and/or wavelength conversion elements. Fig. 5 illustrates a flowchart according to an embodiment relating to a method for converting light. The method comprises in a step 502 emitting light at a first input wavelength from a first light emitting diode. In a step 504 the light is received at a wavelength conversion device, wherein the wavelength conversion device comprises at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements held by a holder, and wherein the at least first type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a first output wavelength, and the at least second type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert the light from the first input wavelength to a second output wavelength. A step 506 comprises forming, by the wavelength conversion device, a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening. In a step 508 the wavelength conversion device is associated with a number of wavelength conversion states, wherein each of the states is associated with one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving the light in the light mixing chamber. The method further comprises exposing, in a step 510, one type of the at least first and second type wavelength conversion element to receiving the light. Thereby light may be emitted at the least first and/or second output wavelengths, respectively.
The invention has mainly been described above with reference to a few embodiments. However, as is readily appreciated by a person skilled in the art, other embodiments than the ones disclosed above are equally possible within the scope of the invention, as defined by the appended patent claims.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A lighting device, comprising: a first light emitting diode arranged to emit light at a first input wavelength along a first optical axis; a wavelength conversion device arranged to receive said light, comprising: - at least a first type wavelength conversion element capable of receiving and converting said light from said first input wavelength to a first output wavelengths; at least a second type wavelength conversion element capable of receiving and converting said light from said first input wavelength to a second output wavelengths; a holder arranged to hold said at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements; said wavelength conversion device forming a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening; and - said wavelength conversion device being associated with a number of wavelength conversion states, each of said states being associated with a type of said at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving said light in said light mixing chamber.
2. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein said wavelength conversion device and said first light emitting diode are moveable in relation to each other, thereby forming at least two of said number of wavelength conversion states.
3. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein said holder and said at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements are moveable in relation to each other, thereby forming at least two of said number of wavelength conversion states.
4. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements comprise at least first and second phosphor layers, respectively.
5. The lighting device according to claim 4, wherein said at least first and second phosphor layers cover the surfaces of at least first and second cavities, respectively, said first and second cavities forming said light mixing chamber.
6. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said lighting device is arranged to emit said light through an output surface along a second optical axis, and wherein said first light emitting diode is arranged such that said first optical axis is angled at most 90° in relation to said second optical axis.
7. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein said light emitting diode comprises a heat sink and wherein said wavelength conversion device is arranged to be in thermal contact with said heat sink.
8. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein said holder comprises first and second plates, wherein said first plate is arranged to face said first light emitting diode, and wherein said at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements are arranged to be placed between said first and second plates.
9. The lighting device according to claim 8, wherein at least said first plate of said first and second plates has at least one opening exposing one type of said at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements to said light.
10. The lighting device according to claim any one of claims 1-9, wherein said light mixing chamber comprises walls, and wherein said at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements are incorporated in said walls.
11. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein at least one of said number of wavelength conversion states is associated with a further type of said at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving said light in said light mixing chamber.
12. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein said holder comprises one from a light reflecting material from the group of a solid metal, a diffuse reflecting ceramic and a light reflecting coating from the group of a titanium oxide, a metal coating, a dielectric multilayer.
13. A luminaire comprising at least one lighting device according to any one of claims 1-12.
14. A lighting system comprising at least one lighting device according to any one of claims 1-12, a control unit, and a light sensor, wherein the control unit is configured to: perform at least one measurement using said light sensor; and control a color point of the light emitted by said lighting device based on said at least one measurement.
15. A method for converting light, comprising: emitting light at a first input wavelength from a first light emitting diode; receiving said light at a wavelength conversion device, said wavelength conversion device comprising at least first and second type wavelength conversion elements held by a holder, wherein said at least first type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert said light from said first input wavelength to a first output wavelengths, and said at least a second type wavelength conversion element is arranged to receive and convert said light from said first input wavelength to a second output wavelengths, - forming a light mixing chamber comprising at least one opening by said wavelength conversion device; and associating said wavelength conversion device with a number of wavelength conversion states, each of said states being associated with one type of said at least first and second type wavelength conversion element being exposed to receiving said light in said light mixing chamber; and exposing one type of said at least first and second type wavelength conversion element to receiving said light.
PCT/IB2009/055524 2008-12-11 2009-12-04 Adjustable color lamp with movable color conversion layers WO2010067291A1 (en)

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