WO2010061699A1 - 薄型バックライトシステムおよびこれを用いた液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
薄型バックライトシステムおよびこれを用いた液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010061699A1 WO2010061699A1 PCT/JP2009/068137 JP2009068137W WO2010061699A1 WO 2010061699 A1 WO2010061699 A1 WO 2010061699A1 JP 2009068137 W JP2009068137 W JP 2009068137W WO 2010061699 A1 WO2010061699 A1 WO 2010061699A1
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- light
- optical system
- liquid crystal
- total reflection
- thin backlight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/04—Prisms
- G02B5/045—Prism arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
- G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
- G02B19/0066—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED in the form of an LED array
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
- G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133621—Illuminating devices providing coloured light
- G02F1/133622—Colour sequential illumination
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thin backlight system and a liquid crystal display device using the same, and more particularly, to a thin backlight system that collects color light of a corresponding color from the back of a pixel in which pixels of a transmissive liquid crystal display element are color-coded.
- the present invention also relates to a liquid crystal display device that performs full color display using the thin backlight system and the liquid crystal display element.
- Liquid crystal display devices that perform full-color display conventionally divide a pixel of a transmissive liquid crystal display element into three picture elements, and color filters of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) into these three picture elements.
- a full color display is realized by applying white light from the backlight and controlling the transmittance when the light passes through the picture element by the voltage signal applied to the liquid crystal cell of the picture element. is doing.
- color filter transmits light in the wavelength band corresponding to each RGB and absorbs other light, about 2/3 of the light is lost in the liquid crystal display device using the color filter, and the light use efficiency is increased. Low.
- One of the full-color display methods that do not use a color filter is a field sequential color method, which has a drawback that color breakup (color breakup) occurs.
- Patent Document 1 a display device using a transmissive modulation element provided with a backlight device that realizes an improvement in light utilization efficiency when an LED (light emitting diode) is used as a backlight light source.
- This is an image display element (liquid crystal panel) that is arranged two-dimensionally and has an aperture that can control the ratio of light that is transmitted independently for each color, and that functions as a convex lens on both sides.
- a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged optical path combining optical systems in which a large number of microlenses having a pair are arranged two-dimensionally, an illumination optical system that emits chief rays of different colored lights to the optical path combining optical system at different angles, and a plurality of different colored lights It is a display apparatus which consists of a light source.
- the color light from the light source enters the optical path synthesis optical system at different principal ray angles for each color due to the action of the illumination optical system, and the image is displayed for each color by the refraction action of the optical path synthesis optical system.
- the display element can be configured to collect light at an opening corresponding to the color light, it is possible to divide the pixel into three picture elements and collect different color lights on the picture elements (color separation of the pixels by the color light). Is possible. Therefore, if ideal color separation can be achieved, a color filter is unnecessary and light loss is eliminated. However, it is not prohibited to provide a color filter in order to prevent a troubled color mixture due to light leakage when color separation deviates from the ideal.
- an optical path synthesis optical system in which a plurality of microlenses having a convex lens function on the front and back are arranged in a two-dimensional manner, and the principal path of different colored light at different angles, the optical path
- An illumination optical system that emits light to the combining optical system and a plurality of light sources that emit different colored light are components of the backlight device.
- this backlight device chief rays of different color lights emitted from the illumination optical system at different angles to an optical path combining optical system in which a large number of microlenses having a convex lens function on the front and back are arranged in a two-dimensional array.
- the optical path synthesis optics is used to collect the colored light at a predetermined corresponding pixel aperture. It is necessary to make the microlens shape of the system different depending on the position in the entrance plane (or further in the exit plane) of the optical system, which makes designing and manufacturing extremely difficult. Therefore, as described in paragraph [0036] of Patent Document 1, a Fresnel sheet is disposed on the incident surface side of the microlens array, and the Fresnel sheet allows different color lights emitted from the illumination optical system at different angles to be substantially the same. Deflection (change direction) in a certain direction, preferably substantially parallel to the optical axis direction of the microlens, so that the incident angle of different colored light to the microlens array is substantially constant regardless of the position in the incident plane. I have to.
- a conventional backlight device used in a thin full-color display device that separates pixels with color light has a problem that image quality deteriorates due to a large chromatic aberration.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a thin backlight system with small chromatic aberration.
- the inventors have intensively studied means for solving the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, in order to make the incident angles of different color lights incident on the imaging optical system (microlens array), which is a condensing element, substantially uniform. It was conceived that the optical action to be used is not refraction but reflection (partial reflection or total reflection), and the present invention consisting of the gist configuration described below was made.
- a thin backlight system includes a light emitting unit that emits light having different main wavelengths, a light deflection system that deflects light from the light emitting unit, and a plurality of light beams that collect light deflected by the light deflection system.
- a thin backlight system including a light passing portion, wherein the light deflection system includes an imaging optical system disposed facing a light condensing surface of the plurality of light passing portions, the light emitting portion, and An irradiation optical system disposed opposite to the light incident surface in the imaging optical system, and the irradiation optical system deflects light from the light emitting part at least by reflection and has different principal wavelengths.
- the imaging optical system has the number of types of the different main wavelengths. It corresponds to the arrangement pitch of the divided light transmission parts A plurality of lenses that are homologous to each other, and configured to focus light from the irradiation optical system on regions corresponding to the different principal wavelengths in a plurality of light passing portions based on the different angles. It is characterized by being.
- the light deflection system has an imaging optical system disposed to face a light condensing surface of the plurality of light passing portions, and the imaging optical system includes the imaging optical system, A plurality of homologous lenses are arranged so as to correspond to the arrangement pitch of the light transmission parts divided into the number of types of different dominant wavelengths, and a plurality of lights from the irradiation optical system are arranged based on the different angles. Since the different dominant wavelengths in the light transmitting part are configured to be condensed in the corresponding regions, the light from the light emitting part that emits light of the different dominant wavelengths is separated into a plurality of corresponding light passing parts. It can be condensed.
- the light deflection system has an irradiation optical system disposed opposite to a light incident surface in the light emitting unit and the imaging optical system, and the irradiation optical system includes: The light from the light emitting section is deflected at least by reflection, and light having different principal wavelengths is emitted at different angles in a direction substantially parallel to the normal direction of the plurality of light passing sections. Therefore, no large chromatic aberration occurs in the light from the light emitting section that emits light having different principal wavelengths.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention can reduce chromatic aberration despite being thin.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention is a thin backlight system that condenses light from a light emitting section that emits light having different main wavelengths onto a plurality of light passing sections arranged at predetermined positions after being deflected.
- a plurality of light-transmitting elements arranged in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction, and condensing the light from the light-emitting part in regions corresponding to the different dominant wavelengths in the light-transmitting parts.
- An imaging optical system disposed opposite to the light condensing surface of the light source, and deflects the light from the light emitting part at least by the main wavelength by reflection, with respect to the normal direction of the plurality of light passing parts Emitting almost parallel light, and And an irradiation optical system arranged to be opposed to the light incident surface of the imaging optical system, which is incident from a surface opposite to the light transmitting portion of the plurality of lenses in the image optical system.
- the plurality of homologous lenses are arranged in the vertical direction so as to correspond to the arrangement pitch obtained by multiplying the arrangement pitch in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction of the light transmitting part by the number of types of the different dominant wavelengths.
- the light condensing surfaces of the plurality of light transmitting portions that are arranged in the direction and / or the lateral direction and collect light from the light emitting portions in regions corresponding to the different dominant wavelengths in the plurality of light transmitting portions
- the imaging optical system separates the light from the light emitting part that emits light having a different main wavelength into a plurality of corresponding light passing parts. It can be condensed.
- the light from the light emitting unit is deflected at least by the principal wavelength by reflection, is emitted as light substantially parallel to the normal direction of the plurality of light passing units, and the imaging optics Since it has an irradiation optical system disposed opposite to the light incident surface in the imaging optical system, which is incident from the surface opposite to the light passing portion of the plurality of lenses in the system, Large chromatic aberration does not occur in the light emitted from the irradiation optical system.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention can reduce chromatic aberration despite being thin.
- the thin backlight system according to the present invention is characterized in that the imaging optical system includes a lens formed so as to deflect the optical path by a surface shape or deflect the optical path by a refractive index distribution.
- the optical path when the optical path is deflected by the surface shape, it is deflected according to Snell's law using the refractive index difference at the interface on the lens surface.
- the optical path when the optical path is deflected by the refractive index distribution, the light is deflected by giving a distribution to the refractive index in the lens. This is to change the refractive index between the central part and the peripheral part of the lens, thereby providing a gradient of the refractive index inside the lens, and deflecting the light by this refractive index gradient.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention is characterized in that the imaging optical system includes a fly-eye lens, a lenticular lens, or a combination thereof.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention is characterized in that the irradiation optical system includes a collimating reflector.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention is characterized in that the irradiation optical system includes a total reflection prism sheet.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention is characterized in that the irradiation optical system includes a combination of a collimating reflector and a total reflection prism sheet.
- the total reflection prism sheet is formed by repeating unit prisms, and the repetition interval of the unit prisms of the total reflection prism sheet is larger than the wavelength of light from the light emitting unit. And 1/2 or less of the arrangement pitch of the lenses in the imaging optical system.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention is characterized in that the irradiation optical system includes a total reflection Fresnel sheet.
- the irradiation optical system has an array of total reflection surfaces that deflects light from the light emitting unit by at least total reflection
- the imaging optical system has a lens surface of the lens. It consists of an optical sheet on the incident side, and the lens surface is integral with the total reflection surface.
- the optical sheet is formed by repeating unit lenses, and the size of the unit lens in the optical sheet is larger than the wavelength of light from the light emitting unit, and the light transmitting unit. Or less than a length obtained by multiplying the arrangement pitch by the number of types of main wavelengths of light from the light emitting section.
- the irradiation optical system has an array of total reflection surfaces for deflecting light from the light emitting unit by total reflection, and the imaging optical system emits a lens surface of the lens. And an incident side of the optical sheet is composed of the arrangement of the total reflection surfaces.
- the arrangement pitch of the incident-side total reflection surfaces in the optical sheet is larger than the wavelength of the light from the light emitting section, and is 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the arrangement pitch of the lenses on the emission side. It is characterized by being.
- the light emitting unit is a light source including any one of an LED light source, a laser light source, and an organic EL light source, or a light emitting device including the light source and a light guide. It is characterized by.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention further includes a reflective element that transmits light of a specific polarization and reflects the remaining light in the middle of the optical path from the light emitting unit to the imaging optical system. It is characterized by.
- the imaging optical system is irradiated with both the light transmitted by the reflecting element that transmits the light of the specific polarization and reflects the remaining light and the reflected light.
- the composite thin backlight system of the present invention is characterized in that the thin backlight system is a single backlight unit, and a plurality of the backlight units are arranged in parallel.
- the composite thin backlight system of the present invention is characterized by having means for controlling the light amount of the light emitting section for each unit of the backlight units arranged in parallel or for each of the plurality of units.
- At least one of the collimating reflector, the total reflection prism sheet, the total reflection Fresnel sheet, the optical sheet, the fly-eye lens, and the lenticular lens in the backlight unit is a plurality of units. It is characterized in that the minutes are integrated.
- the composite thin backlight system according to the present invention further includes a light blocking means for preventing light from one of the light emitting portions of both adjacent units from entering between the adjacent units of the backlight unit. It is characterized by that.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device having the thin backlight system, wherein a liquid crystal layer forming an arrangement layer of picture elements serving as the light transmitting portion is sandwiched between glass substrates on an incident side and an emission side.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is further characterized by having a diffusion plate on the exit surface of the analyzer.
- liquid crystal layer / driving element is replaced with “liquid crystal layer / driving element / light emitting glass substrate / analyzer / diffusion plate” in the order of stacking the components from the liquid crystal layer to the emitting side. / Analyzer / diffusion plate / exit-side glass substrate ”.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is further characterized by having a diffusing element having a polarization maintaining function between the driving element and the exit side glass substrate.
- liquid crystal display device of the present invention the order of component lamination from the liquid crystal layer to the emission side is changed to “liquid crystal layer / driving element / diffusion element having polarization maintaining function / emission side glass substrate / analyzer”. Liquid crystal layer / driving element / diffusion element having polarization maintaining function / analyzer / light emitting side glass substrate ”.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention further includes a color filter layer on an incident surface of the exit side glass substrate.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is characterized in that the imaging optical system possessed by the thin backlight system is disposed between the polarizer and the glass substrate on the incident side.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid crystal element and the driving element have the same stacking position.
- a thin backlight system in a thin backlight system, light from a light emitting part that emits light having a different main wavelength can be condensed on a plurality of corresponding light passing parts, and spatially different main wavelengths can be obtained.
- the light can be separated.
- the backlight system when used as a surface emitting light source of a liquid crystal display device, the light from the spatially separated light emitting units can be condensed on the corresponding liquid crystal layer, and the light from the light emitting unit can be condensed. It is possible to simultaneously improve the utilization rate and full color display.
- the light from the light emitting section that emits light having a different main wavelength is deflected into substantially parallel light with respect to the normal direction of the imaging optical system by partial reflection or total reflection, no large chromatic aberration occurs.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention can reduce chromatic aberration despite being thin.
- Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13 and 20 as follows. Note that the present invention is not limited to this.
- One feature of the best mode of the present invention is that, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of light sources (light emitting units) 1 that emit light R (red), G (green), and B (blue) having different principal wavelengths.
- Light for collimation which includes a collimating reflector 2 that deflects light (a plurality of light sources) from each of the main wavelengths and emits the light substantially parallel to the normal direction of the microlens array 3 to be described later.
- the plurality of light source lights correspond to positions corresponding to the respective light sources 1 (the light passing portions 4 are arranged in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction).
- an imaging optical system including the microlens array 3 that collects light at the positions of the respective light transmitting sections 4 in the array 4A arranged.
- a plurality of homologous lenses are arranged on the arrangement pitch in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction of the light transmitting section 4 (the number of types of the different main wavelengths is 3 in this example, but 4 or more). Are arranged in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction.
- the plurality of light source lights have a direction perpendicular to the incident surface with respect to the microlens array 3 by the collimating reflecting mirror 2, that is, a normal direction of a surface on the light transmitting portion 4 side in the microlens array 3. Nearly parallel light is emitted as a reference. Therefore, the microlens array 3 disposed immediately above the collimating reflector 2 is configured to spatially convert the plurality of light source light incident as substantially parallel light in accordance with different angular distributions of their main wavelengths. The light can be condensed while being separated.
- the plurality of light source lights are collimated by the reflecting mirror 2 with respect to the microlens array 3 in a direction perpendicular to the incident surface, that is, a light transmitting portion in the microlens array 3.
- Light that is inclined at an angle of ⁇ 20 ° to 20 ° with respect to the normal direction of the four-side surface is emitted.
- the angle of light reflected on the microlens array 3 by the collimating reflector 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the light emitted from the RGB-LED light source 1 is reflected by the collimating reflecting mirror 2 and irradiated onto the microlens array 3.
- a virtual image of the RGB-LED light source 1 is generated by the collimating reflecting mirror 2 in the vicinity of the place indicated by the symbol D1 in FIG.
- the microlens array 3 since it can be received when light is directly irradiated from this virtual image portion, (distance from this virtual image portion to the microlens array 3) and (each interval of the RGB-LED light source 1) are used.
- the angular distribution when entering the microlens array 3 is derived.
- the angle distribution when light enters the microlens array 3 is about ⁇ 20 ° in consideration of practically possible arrangement conditions.
- the collimating reflecting mirror 2 since the collimating reflecting mirror 2 is used, a plurality of light source beams are deflected at least by reflection and irradiated to the microlens array 3, so that the light transmitting section 4 (the light transmitting section) is compared with the case of deflecting by refraction. 4 can be shortened in the thickness direction from the light source 1 to the light source 1, and a thin backlight system can be configured.
- the present invention also includes a configuration in which the plurality of light source lights are deflected by reflection and refraction to irradiate the microlens array 3.
- the collimating reflecting mirror 2 is used for the purpose of irradiating the light emitted from the light source 1 in parallel to the imaging optical system, so that an ideal form is an off-axis parabolic reflecting mirror.
- the collimating reflecting mirror 2 used in the present invention has a shape of a part of a paraboloid having a focal point at the position of the light source 1, and a portion where the paraboloid of the reflecting mirror deviates from the optical axis of the focal point. Because of its use, it is generally called an off-axis parabolic reflector.
- a plate-like reflecting material, a film reflecting material, or the like can be used as the reflecting surface.
- the reflective material include metal materials such as silver and aluminum. Among them, silver is preferable because of its high reflectance (regular reflectance).
- a laminate obtained by laminating (coating) a dielectric multilayer film on aluminum is preferable because the incidence rate to the imaging optical system is the highest.
- the reflectivity of a laminate (coating) of a dielectric multilayer film on aluminum is 95 to 98%, which is higher than that of a single metal.
- the thickness direction of the backlight system (system thickness direction, D3 direction in FIG. 1) is taken in the thickness direction of the array 4A of the light passing portions, and the length direction of the backlight system.
- the system length direction for example, the D1 direction in FIG. 1 is one of the two vertical and horizontal arrangement directions in the plane orthogonal to the thickness direction of the light transmitting portion 4, and is orthogonal to the one direction.
- the plane is taken in the one direction where the principal ray from the light source 1 intersects
- the width direction of the backlight system (system width direction, for example, the D2 direction in FIG. 1) is the system thickness direction and the system length direction. Is taken in a direction perpendicular to both.
- the positional relationship between a plurality of light sources arranged at spatially different positions is regarded as position information.
- a plurality of light source lights pass through the collimating reflecting mirror 2 (reflected by the collimating reflecting mirror 2), light from the same light source is emitted in parallel with each other (at the same angle with respect to the collimating reflecting mirror 2).
- light from different light sources is emitted at different angles with respect to the collimating reflector 2. This is called “substantially parallel light” in the present invention. That is, in the present invention, the position information of the light source is converted into angle information by passing through the collimating reflecting mirror 2 (reflected by the collimating reflecting mirror 2).
- the light collecting position differs depending on the angle emitted from the light source 1 to the collimating reflecting mirror 2. Condensate. That is, the information converted into the angle information by the collimating reflecting mirror 2 passes through the microlens array 3 and is converted back into the position information.
- the position where light is condensed through the microlens array 3 can be controlled by changing the positions of a plurality of light sources. For example, when it is desired to apply the condensing position to the liquid crystal layer, fine adjustment is possible by adjusting the position of the light source 1. At this time, the amount of movement of the position where light is collected through the microlens array 3 is lx, the length of the principal ray from the light source 1 reflected by the collimating reflector 2 to reach the microlens array 3, and the microlens. When the length from the array 3 to the liquid crystal layer is ly and the position of the light source 1 is moved by d in the system width direction or system thickness direction, ly ⁇ d / lx.
- the distance from the RGB-LED light source to the microlens array (MLA) is a
- the distance from the microlens array to the light passing portion is b
- the size of the RGB-LED light source (unit) is c
- s is the size (distance between the condensing points) where the light source in the light transmitting part is condensed
- b / a s / c
- a corresponds to lx
- b corresponds to ly
- c ′ corresponds to the moving amount d of the light source. Therefore, the amount of movement of the condensing position when the position of the light source is moved is “ly ⁇ d / lx”.
- a fly-eye lens 6 in which microlenses are arranged in two orthogonal directions, or a micro cylindrical lens is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
- examples thereof include lenticular lenses 7 arranged in one direction, or a combination thereof.
- a preferred form of the surface shape of the imaging optical system is to use a lens surface with a radius of curvature of 0.5 to 2 mm. Since the radius of curvature is determined by the distance from the fly-eye lens surface to the light transmission part (liquid crystal layer), the refractive index, and the condensing range of the liquid crystal layer, the light source size used, the liquid crystal panel, and the required back It is necessary to use a surface shape having an optimal curvature depending on the thickness of the light portion. Further, the surface shape becomes a convex surface in order to give a light collecting action.
- the surface shape may have a convex surface on the light transmission part side, or both surfaces may be convex.
- the convex surface for giving a condensing function is on the irradiation optical system side, and the light transmitting part side is a flat surface.
- the arrangement direction of the plurality of light sources may be as follows.
- the arrangement direction of the plurality of light sources is two vertical and horizontal orthogonal directions (the A direction and B in FIG. 3A). (Direction) is taken in a direction orthogonal to either one of them.
- the arrangement direction of the plurality of light sources is the longitudinal direction of the microcylindrical lens (the C direction in FIG. 3B). ) In the direction orthogonal to.
- a total reflection prism sheet 5 may be used as shown in FIG. According to this, light from a plurality of light sources is deflected by total reflection by the total reflection prism sheet 5 and can be irradiated to the imaging optical system (microlens array) 3 from the vertical direction.
- the total reflection prism sheet 5 is inferior in function to deflect a plurality of light source lights into substantially parallel light with respect to the normal direction of the microlens array 3 as compared with the collimating reflector 2.
- the total reflection prism If the light emitted from the sheet 5 can be regarded as almost parallel to the normal direction of the microlens array 3, the same effect as the collimating reflector 2 can be obtained.
- the manufacturing cost can be reduced because the complicated and precise shape as the collimating reflector 2 is not required.
- the total reflection prism sheet 5 since the deflection effect by the prism can be obtained even when the incident angle of the chief ray from the light source 1 is 88 ° at the maximum, the distance in the system thickness direction from the light source 1 to the light transmitting portion 4 is very large. (The thickness of the backlight system is very thin). However, it is preferable to narrow the light distribution characteristics of the light source 1 to some extent.
- the apex angle of the total reflection prism sheet 5 is preferably 30 ° to 120 °, and particularly preferably 60 ° to 90 °.
- the thickness of the total reflection prism sheet 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm for the purpose of preventing sheet deflection.
- a method of manufacturing by a mold molding method using acrylic resin such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PS (polystyrene), PC (polycarbonate), etc. having high transmittance as a material is given. It is done.
- a collimating reflecting mirror 2 and a total reflection prism sheet 5 may be used in combination as an irradiation optical system.
- the manufacturing cost is high, but the use of the total reflection prism sheet 5 shortens the distance in the system thickness direction from the light source 1 to the array 4A of the light passing portions.
- the mutual position of the light source 1 and the total reflection prism sheet 5 is obtained by turning back the optical path from the light source 1 to the total reflection prism sheet 5 by using the collimating reflecting mirror 2 while maintaining the effect of making the film thinner through the process.
- the backlight system can be made compact.
- the irradiation optical system consists only of the collimating reflecting mirror 2, alignment with the light source 1 is required.
- the irradiation optical system includes the total reflection prism sheet 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the total reflection prism sheet 5 has a repetition interval p 1 of unit prisms and the wavelength of light from the light source 1. greater than lambda, and if less than half of the arrangement pitch p 2 of the imaging optical system of the lens (i.e., if (p 2/2) ⁇ p 1> a lambda), alignment of the light source 1 Is unnecessary.
- the total reflection prism sheet 5 has a shape in which unit prisms that are uniform in the system width direction and the same shape in the system length direction are arranged at equal intervals. This is because even if it is shifted in the width direction and / or the system length direction, it does not affect the light incident state on the imaging optical system (microlens array) 3 at all.
- the collimating reflector 2 Since the collimating reflector 2 has a function of deflecting light emitted from the position of the light source 1 in parallel, the parallelism decreases when the position of the light source 1 moves. In order to ensure practical parallelism, the alignment of the light source 1 needs to be suppressed to about several millimeters with respect to the design position.
- a total reflection Fresnel sheet 8 may be used as the irradiation optical system.
- the distance in the system thickness direction from the light source 1 to the light transmitting portion 4 can be made extremely small (the thickness of the backlight system is very thin).
- the distance from the light source 1 is the same as that of the collimating reflector 2 without taking a very long distance from the light source 1.
- Light can be deflected into substantially parallel light with respect to the normal direction of the microlens array 3. Accordingly, when the total reflection Fresnel sheet 8 is used alone, the same effect as that obtained when the collimating reflector 2 and the total reflection prism sheet 5 are used in combination can be obtained.
- the total reflection Fresnel sheet 8 needs to be aligned with the light source 1 like the collimating reflector 2.
- the parallelism decreases when the position of the light source 1 moves.
- the alignment of the light source 1 needs to be suppressed to about several millimeters with respect to the design position.
- the present invention by integrating the irradiation optical system and the imaging optical system, it is possible to reduce the number of optical components, reduce the number of alignment operations, and simplify the optical system.
- a total reflection prism sheet 5 or a total reflection Fresnel sheet 8 used in the irradiation optical system and a fly used in the imaging optical system are used.
- the optical sheet 9 shown in FIG. 6 is a surface that totally reflects light among the two surfaces of the prism in the total reflection prism sheet 5 (two surfaces of the light incident surface and the total reflection surface of the incident light). Is a lens surface shape of a cylindrical lens instead of a planar shape, and the light totally reflected by this surface is deflected and condensed on the light passing portion 4.
- the optical sheet 9 (lens surface shape portion) and the collimating reflecting mirror 2 are used together as the irradiation optical system, but the collimating reflecting mirror 2 can be omitted.
- Such an embodiment including an integrated illumination optical system and an imaging optical system is an independent configuration of the illumination optical system and the imaging optical system (FIGS. 1 to 5). And has the following advantages compared to the individual type for convenience of explanation.
- the integrated type can reduce the number of optical components as described above, the optical system can be simplified and the number of assembly steps and work steps can be reduced accordingly. Moreover, since the configuration is simplified, the overall weight can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
- the integrated optical sheet 9 there is a method of manufacturing by a mold molding method using acrylic resin such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PS (polystyrene), PC (polycarbonate) or the like as a material.
- acrylic resin such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PS (polystyrene), PC (polycarbonate) or the like as a material.
- the lens surface of the imaging optical system that condenses the light passing section 4 is integrated with the total reflection surface of the irradiation optical system.
- the size L1 of the unit lens is larger than the wavelength ⁇ of the light of the light source 1, and the light passing portion.
- the length is preferably equal to or less than the length L2 obtained by multiplying the arrangement pitch of 4 by the number of types of main wavelengths (3 in this embodiment) (that is, ⁇ ⁇ L1 ⁇ L2).
- the optical sheet 10 shown in FIG. 7 is formed by forming the arrangement of the total reflection prism sheet surface of the irradiation optical system on the incident side and the arrangement of the lenticular lens surfaces of the imaging optical system on the emission side.
- a total reflection Fresnel sheet surface may be used instead of the total reflection prism sheet surface, and a fly-eye lens surface may be used instead of the lenticular lens surface.
- the collimating reflecting mirror 2 is not necessary.
- the optical sheet 9 of FIG. 6 is an integrated type in which the irradiation optical system and the imaging optical system are integrated on the incident side. From the viewpoint of manufacturability, the optical sheet 10 in FIG. 7 is considered to be more advantageous than the optical sheet 9 in FIG. 6 because the surface shape of the sheet is relatively simple to manufacture.
- the integrated optical sheet 10 as shown in FIG. 7 has a single-sided flat surface of the irradiation optical system 5 and a single-sided flat surface of the imaging optical system 3 in the individual type as shown in FIG. Since it is optically equivalent to the bonded form, as shown in FIG. 7B, the sheet surface shapes on the incident side and the outgoing side are set to ⁇ ⁇ p 1 ⁇ like FIG. If (p 2/2) the relationship formed to so as to satisfy the alignment of the light source 1 is preferably not required.
- optical sheet 10 preferred forms are as follows. The description will be made separately for the incident-side irradiation optical system and the exit-side imaging optical system.
- a preferable embodiment of the incident side irradiation optical system is to use a total reflection prism sheet.
- the reason for this is that when a total reflection prism sheet is used, alignment between the light source 1 and the optical sheet 10 becomes unnecessary when the prism pitch satisfies the above-described conditions.
- the apex angle of the prism is preferably 30 ° to 120 °, and particularly preferably 60 ° to 90 °.
- the thickness of the prism is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm for the purpose of preventing sheet deflection.
- a preferred form of the imaging optical system on the exit side is to use a fly-eye lens surface.
- the reason is that the light passing through the fly-eye lens surface can be condensed as a point in the liquid crystal picture element, and light shielded from the metal wiring for driving the liquid crystal is not generated.
- a lenticular lens surface is used, light is condensed on the liquid crystal picture element by lines, so that light that is shielded from the source wiring or gate wiring is generated, resulting in light loss. Resulting in.
- the preferred form of the fly-eye lens surface is to use a lens surface with a radius of curvature of 0.5 to 2 mm. Since the radius of curvature is determined by the distance from the fly-eye lens surface to the light transmission part (liquid crystal layer), the refractive index, and the condensing range of the liquid crystal layer, the light source size used, the liquid crystal panel, and the required back It is necessary to use a fly-eye lens surface having an optimal curvature depending on the thickness of the light part.
- the light source 1 used in the present invention is a plurality of light sources that emit light having different principal wavelengths, any of an LED (light emitting diode) light source, a laser light source, and an organic EL (electroluminescence) light source is preferable.
- the number of light sources 1 need not be the same as the number of types of main wavelengths, and a plurality of light sources may be used for each type of main wavelengths. From the viewpoint of averaging the performance differences between individual products due to variations in the manufacturing process of the light source 1, it is preferable to use a plurality of light sources for each type of dominant wavelength.
- the LED light source a type in which a condensing lens (e.g., made of spherical acrylic) is added on the light emitting surface (light emitting chip) of the LED, such as a bullet-type LED, or an implementation without using such a condensing lens, for example.
- a condensing lens e.g., made of spherical acrylic
- a bullet-type LED or an implementation without using such a condensing lens, for example.
- types such as type LEDs, and any of these may be used.
- a light emitting device including the light source 1 and the light guide 14 as shown in FIG.
- a significant cost reduction effect of reducing the number of light sources can be achieved.
- the light emitting device will be described in detail below.
- the light-emitting device used in the present invention includes a light guide 14 that guides light from the light source 1 to a plurality of tip portions and emits the light. Conceivable.
- one RGB light source 1 is divided into three backlight units (light guides) and guided.
- Each backlight unit (light guide) generates pseudo light sources R ′, G ′, and B ′, and the light from the pseudo light sources R ′, G ′, and B ′ is generated by the imaging optical system 3.
- the same effect as that obtained when the light sources R, G, and B are used can be obtained.
- the color filter layer is formed by condensing RGB light on the picture element using the picture element of the liquid crystal display device as the light transmission part.
- the color filter layer is formed by condensing RGB light on the picture element using the picture element of the liquid crystal display device as the light transmission part.
- an element (element for separating polarized light) 11 that transmits in the light of specific polarization and reflects the remaining light.
- a wire grid polarizer can be cited.
- an optical system that irradiates the imaging optical system with both the light that is passed and the reflected light by the element that separates the polarized light, and that matches the polarization direction of the reflected light with the polarization direction of the passed light.
- FIG. 1 An example of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
- An element 11 for separating polarized light and a ⁇ / 2 plate 15 are arranged between the light source 1 and the collimating reflecting mirror 2.
- the element 11 that separates polarized light if the polarized light that passes through is P-polarized light and the polarized light that reflects it is S-polarized light, the P-polarized light that has passed through the ⁇ / 2 plate 15 and the element 11 that separates polarized light is substantially reflected by the collimating reflector 2. The light is reflected so as to be parallel light and is irradiated onto the optical sheet 10.
- the thickness from the light source 1 to the light transmitting portion 4 is also proportionally increased.
- the thickness of the backlight system can be reduced by reducing the area irradiated by one backlight system and irradiating one liquid crystal panel with multiple backlight systems.
- a system can be configured.
- a thin backlight system is used as one backlight unit 12, and a plurality of the backlight units 12 are arranged in parallel.
- the array 4A of the light passing portions is separate for each backlight unit 12.
- the array 4A of the light passing portions is the backlight unit.
- Each of the twelve units is not separated and is configured as an integral liquid crystal layer over the entire backlight unit 12.
- the thin backlight system of the present invention controls the light amount of the light source 1 for each unit of the backlight unit or for each plurality of units so that the brightness of different portions in one liquid crystal panel can be easily changed. It is preferable to have means (not shown).
- the thin backlight system shown in FIG. 6 is used as the backlight unit 12.
- the thin backlight system used for the backlight unit is not limited to this example, and FIGS. , 8 may be used.
- FIG. 9 (c) shows a case where the optical sheet 9 is an integral part extending between the plurality of backlight units 12.
- the ideal form of the thin backlight system shown in FIG. 9 is to make the optical components to be integrated the same size as the liquid crystal panel, but in actual production, taking into account the manufacturing cost, the number of parts assembly steps, etc. An integrated form determined to be optimal may be adopted.
- the light for example, R light
- the collimating reflector 2 of the adjacent unit assumed to be unit U2
- the light is almost in the direction of parallel light (originally, the collimating reflector 2 of unit U2 reflects the incident light).
- the light from one of the light sources 1 of the two adjacent units is the other. It is preferable to provide means (light-shielding plate) 13 for preventing entry.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device having any one of the above thin backlight systems, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, a liquid crystal element 25 in which a liquid crystal layer 20 constituting an arrangement layer of picture elements 19 serving as a light transmitting portion is sandwiched between glass substrates 22 and 23 on the incident side and the emission side, and a drive element 21 that drives the liquid crystal element 25 And a polarizer 30 and an analyzer 31 on the glass substrate 22 on the incident side and the glass substrate 23 on the output side of the liquid crystal element 25, respectively.
- Each of the picture elements 19 includes light of different main wavelengths (in this example, R, G, and B lights) from the imaging optical system (in this example, the optical sheet 9) owned by the thin backlight system. ) Individually collect and transmit light.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention since the light of each light source 1 is condensed on each picture element 19 of the liquid crystal layer 20, the light that passes through the liquid crystal layer 20 and exits from the analyzer 31 is It is in a state of being condensed to the front to some extent. Therefore, when the screen of this liquid crystal display device is observed with a viewing angle (from an oblique direction), light does not reach so much that the display on the screen is difficult to see, or no light reaches at all and the display on the screen is not at all. It may disappear. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, it is preferable to dispose a diffusion plate 40 on the exit surface of the analyzer 31, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the adjacent picture element 19 is passed.
- the analyzer 31 there are cases where they overlap each other, and there is a concern that the overlapped light is diffused by the diffusion plate 40 and the image quality is lowered.
- the stacking order of the components from the liquid crystal layer 20 to the output side is “liquid crystal layer 20 / drive element 21 / output side glass substrate 23 / analyzer 31 / diffusion plate 40”. Instead of “liquid crystal layer 20 / driving element 21 / analyzer 31 / diffusion plate 40 / output side glass substrate 23”.
- the liquid crystal display device when a diffusion element having a polarization maintaining function (for example, an element that diffuses by total reflection at the internal refractive index boundary) is used as the diffusion plate 40, the liquid crystal display device further includes the driving element 21 and the emission side.
- the diffusion element having the polarization maintaining function for example, an element that diffuses by total reflection at the internal refractive index boundary
- the stacking order of the components from the liquid crystal layer 20 to the emission side is “liquid crystal layer 20 / driving element 21 / diffusion element having polarization maintaining function / emission side glass substrate 23 / analyzer”.
- the same effect can be obtained by replacing “31” with “liquid crystal layer 20 / driving element 21 / diffusing element having polarization maintaining function / analyzer 31 / output side glass substrate 23”.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is manufactured by manufacturing each optical component to be used and assembling the optical component.
- optical components cannot be manufactured as designed, the optical components cannot be assembled, and it is necessary to manufacture products that are slightly out of design in view of manufacturing costs.
- the worst situation may lead to a decrease in display quality.
- the present invention does not prohibit the provision of a color filter layer. That is, in the liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG. 12, for example, a form having a color filter layer 50 on the incident surface of the exit side glass substrate 23 may be adopted.
- a color filter layer when a color filter layer is used, the transmittance is around 90% even at a wavelength through which light passes, and it is difficult to avoid light loss.
- the imaging optical system possessed by the thin backlight system may be arranged between the polarizer and the glass substrate on the incident side.
- FIG. 13 shows a form in which a fly-eye lens 6 of a thin backlight system having a total reflection Fresnel sheet 8 and a fly-eye lens 6 is disposed between a polarizer 30 and a glass substrate 22 on the incident side.
- the imaging optical system can be manufactured in a liquid crystal element manufacturing process including an alignment step with the liquid crystal element 25, it is necessary when the imaging optical system is manufactured separately from the liquid crystal element. There is an advantage that alignment with a manufactured liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal panel) is unnecessary.
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied on a glass substrate by spin coating or dipping.
- a light-shielding mask is arranged on the coated surface in a virtual plane facing in parallel at a predetermined surface interval.
- the light shielding mask is preferably disposed between the exposure light source and the glass substrate. In this arrangement state, a part of the ultraviolet curable resin applied on the glass substrate is exposed by irradiating the light shielding mask with ultraviolet rays from the exposure light source. Subsequently, the fly-eye lens 6 is formed by developing and removing the unexposed UV curable resin.
- the lenticular lens 7 may be used instead of the fly-eye lens 6, and the same process can be applied even when the lenticular lens 7 is formed.
- the ultraviolet curable resin it is preferable to use a resin that does not change the polarization state. This is because, since an ultraviolet curable resin is formed on the glass substrate, an imaging optical system is formed between the polarizer and the analyzer, and the polarization state changes in this imaging optical system. This is because the image quality is degraded.
- liquid crystal display device even if the liquid crystal layer and the driving element exchange their stacking positions, the display performance does not change. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal element and the driving element are stacked at the same position is also within the scope of the present invention.
- a thin backlight system of the form shown in FIG. 2 was prototyped, and one LED each emitting R, G, B main wavelengths was constructed.
- the spatial luminance distribution emitted from the upper surface of the microlens with the point light source 1 turned on was measured with a luminance chromaticity uniformity measuring device (UA-1000, manufactured by Topcon Technohouse).
- the point light source 1 uses R, G, and B colors for all colors, and RGB-LEDs have the long axis of the bullet shape parallel to the same plane, and the parallel direction is parallel to the system width direction.
- the long axis direction was arranged so as to be oblique to the prism arrangement direction of the total reflection prism 5.
- the thickness of the sheet is about 150 ⁇ m, the apex angle of the prism is right, and the width of one prism is about 50 ⁇ m. The size was larger than the upper surface of the microlens.
- the light-transmitting portion 4 is assumed to have a configuration in which the light-transmitting portions having the main wavelengths of R, G, and B are each about 200 ⁇ m wide and repeat at intervals of about 600 ⁇ m. However, in measuring the spatial luminance distribution, a diffusion sheet was disposed at a position corresponding to the light transmitting portion 4, and the diffusion sheet was disposed on the exit surface of the microlens array 3.
- the point light source 1 was irradiated to the total reflection prism sheet 5 at an angle of about 75 ° from the vertical direction. At that time, the distance in the system thickness direction from the point light source 1 to the total reflection prism sheet 5 was about 25 mm. Further, since the total reflection prism sheet 5 and the microlens array 3 were arranged in close contact with each other with an air interface, the total thickness from the point light source to the light transmitting portion was about 28 mm.
- the total reflection prism sheet 5 is changed to a refractive type Fresnel sheet, and the position of the point light source 1 is set to a system thickness direction distance from the refractive type Fresnel sheet of 60 mm.
- a surface light source device having the same form as that of the embodiment of the present invention except that the position was changed was experimentally manufactured, and the spatial luminance distribution was measured by the same measuring method as that of the embodiment of the present invention.
- a position shifted in the system width direction by about 30 mm from the center irradiated by each point light source 1 was set as a measurement start point.
- the measurement data obtained by the measuring device is averaged over the entire area in the system length direction and is shown in FIG.
- the light emitted from the LEDs emitting RGB main wavelengths was condensed at different positions at intervals of about 200 ⁇ m. This indicates that only the light of each LED is transmitted through each light transmitting portion of the R, G, B-LED.
- the difference in the maximum luminance value of RGB is due to the effect of the relative visibility curve of each color.
- FIG. 15 shows the spatial distribution of chromaticity coordinates. From the figure, it can be seen that light emitting RGB main wavelengths is separated and condensed because the chromaticity coordinates indicate R, G, and B coordinates at intervals of about 200 ⁇ m, respectively.
- the spectral characteristics of the light transmitted through the center of each light-transmitting portion to be transmitted by the RGB-LED indicated by the dotted line in the drawing are expressed by a chromaticity diagram and shown in FIG. It can also be seen from the figure that the light that has passed through each of the RGB-LED light passing portions is separated into RGB colors.
- the measurement data obtained by the measuring device is averaged over the entire area in the system length direction and is shown in FIG.
- the light from the LEDs emitting RGB main wavelengths could not be condensed at different positions at intervals of about 200 ⁇ m, and partly overlapped.
- FIG. 18 shows the spatial distribution of chromaticity coordinates. From the same figure, the light emitted from each LED of RGB should originally show different chromaticity coordinates, but since they partially overlap, the chromaticity coordinates also changed smoothly in space.
- the spectral characteristics of the light transmitted through the center of each light-transmitting portion to be transmitted by the RGB-LED indicated by the dotted line in the drawing are expressed by a chromaticity diagram and shown in FIG.
- a chromaticity diagram for example, light that has passed through the light-transmitting portion of the R-LED has a strong bluish color, and light cannot be transmitted to the light-transmitting portion as intended.
- the light transmitted through the G-LED light-transmitting part is approaching the center of the chromaticity part, indicating that light emitted from other LEDs is also transmitted through the G-LED light-transmitting part. ing.
- the light from the point light source 1 cannot be separated and condensed to the intended light passing part, and the light emitted from the plurality of point light sources 1 to one light passing part. Since the light is mixed and transmitted, a desired color display cannot be obtained.
- the above evaluation is measured from a position shifted by about 30 mm from the center position irradiated by the point light source 1 of each of the embodiment and comparative example of the present invention, and at the center position irradiated by each point light source 1. Both showed characteristics as shown in FIGS. This is because when the refractive Fresnel sheet is used to reduce the thickness, it is necessary to increase the incident angle of each color light to the Fresnel sheet. However, if this is done, the chromatic aberration of each color light increases, and the wavelength bands of different color lights increase. It shows that the peripheral edges interfere with each other and the image quality deteriorates.
- the present invention can be applied to a liquid crystal display device provided with a backlight.
- Light source (light emitting part, eg, point light source) 2 Collimating reflector (irradiation optical system) 3 Micro lens array (imaging optical system) 4 Light-transmitting part 4A Light-transmitting part arrangement (array) 5 Total reflection prism sheet (irradiation optical system) 6 Fly-eye lens (imaging optical system) 7 Lenticular lens (imaging optical system) 8 Total reflection Fresnel sheet (irradiation optical system) 9 Optical sheet (integrated with irradiation optical system and imaging optical system) 10 Optical sheet (integrated with irradiation optical system and imaging optical system) 11 Element that transmits light of specific polarization and reflects the remaining light (element that separates polarized light) 12 Backlight unit (unit) 13 Means for preventing light from the light source of one of the two adjacent units from entering the other (light-shielding plate) 14 Light guide 15 ⁇ / 2 plate (half-wave plate) 19 picture elements 20 liquid crystal layer (picture element alignment layer used as
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Abstract
Description
b/a=s/c
という式が成り立つ。
s´=b×(c+c´)/a
となり、sに対して、b×c´/aだけ大きくなる。
2 コリメート用反射鏡(照射光学系)
3 マイクロレンズアレイ(結像光学系)
4 通光部
4A 通光部の配列(配列)
5 全反射プリズムシート(照射光学系)
6 フライアイレンズ(結像光学系)
7 レンティキュラレンズ(結像光学系)
8 全反射フレネルシート(照射光学系)
9 光学シート(照射光学系と結像光学系との一体型)
10 光学シート(照射光学系と結像光学系との一体型)
11 特定の偏光の光を透過し残りの光を反射する素子(偏光を分離する素子)
12 バックライトユニット(ユニット)
13 隣り合う両ユニットのいずれか一方の光源からの光が他方に入るのを防止する手段
(遮光板)
14 導光体
15 λ/2板(二分の一波長板)
19 絵素
20 液晶層(通光部とされる絵素の配列層)
21 駆動素子
22 ガラス基板(入射側のガラス基板)
23 ガラス基板(出射側のガラス基板)
25 液晶素子
30 偏光子
31 検光子
40 拡散板
50 カラーフィルタ層
Claims (28)
- 相異なる主波長の光を発する発光部と、
前記発光部からの光を偏向させる光偏向系と、
前記光偏向系により偏向された光を集光させる複数の通光部と
を備えた薄型バックライトシステムであって、
前記光偏向系は、前記複数の通光部における光の集光面に対向して配置された結像光学系と、前記発光部および前記結像光学系における光入射面に対向して配置された照射光学系とを有しており、
前記照射光学系は、前記発光部からの光を少なくとも反射により偏向し、かつ相異なる主波長の光を相異なる角度で前記複数の通光部の法線方向に対してほぼ平行な方向に出射させるように構成されており、
前記結像光学系は、前記相異なる主波長の種類数に分割された前記通光部の配列ピッチに対応するように相同な複数のレンズが配列され、かつ前記相異なる角度に基づいて前記照射光学系からの光を複数の通光部における前記相異なる主波長が対応する領域に集光させるように構成されている
ことを特徴とする薄型バックライトシステム。 - 相異なる主波長の光を発する発光部からの光を、偏向後、所定の位置に配列された複数の通光部へ集光させる薄型バックライトシステムであって、
前記発光部と、
前記複数の通光部と、
前記通光部の縦方向および/または横方向の配列ピッチに前記相異なる主波長の種類数を乗じた配列ピッチに対応するように、相同な複数のレンズが、縦方向および/または横方向に配列され、かつ前記発光部からの光を複数の通光部における前記相異なる主波長が対応する領域に集光させる、前記複数の通光部における光の集光面に対向して配置された結像光学系と、
前記発光部からの光を少なくとも反射により前記主波長別に偏向し、前記複数の通光部の法線方向に対してほぼ平行光にして出射させ、かつ前記結像光学系における前記複数のレンズの前記通光部と反対側の面から入射させる、前記発光部および前記結像光学系における光入射面に対向して配置された照射光学系と
を有することを特徴とする薄型バックライトシステム。 - 前記結像光学系が、表面形状により光路を偏向する、または屈折率分布により光路を偏向するように形成されるレンズを含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記結像光学系が、フライアイレンズもしくはレンティキュラレンズ、またはこれらの組み合わせを含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記照射光学系が、コリメート用反射鏡を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記照射光学系が、全反射プリズムシートを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記照射光学系が、コリメート用反射鏡と全反射プリズムシートとの組み合わせを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記全反射プリズムシートが、単位プリズムの繰り返しにより形成されており、
前記全反射プリズムシートの単位プリズムの繰り返し間隔が、前記発光部からの光の波長よりも大きく、かつ前記結像光学系におけるレンズの配列ピッチの1/2以下であることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。 - 前記照射光学系が、全反射フレネルシートを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記照射光学系は、前記発光部からの光を少なくとも全反射により偏向する全反射面の配列を有し、
前記結像光学系は、前記レンズのレンズ面を入射側にもつ光学シートからなり、該レンズ面は、前記全反射面と一体であることを特徴とする請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。 - 前記光学シートが、単位レンズの繰り返しにより形成されており、
前記光学シートにおける単位レンズのサイズが、発光部からの光の波長よりも大きく、かつ前記通光部の配列ピッチに発光部からの光の主波長の種類数を乗じた長さ以下であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。 - 前記照射光学系は、前記発光部からの光を全反射により偏向する全反射面の配列を有し、
前記結像光学系は、前記レンズのレンズ面を出射側にもつ光学シートからなり、該光学シートの入射側が前記全反射面の配列からなることを特徴とする請求項6~9のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。 - 前記光学シートにおける入射側の全反射面の配列ピッチが、前記発光部からの光の波長よりも大きく、かつ前記出射側におけるレンズの配列ピッチの1/2以下であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記発光部が、LED光源、レーザー光源および有機EL光源のうちのいずれか1つの光源、または、該光源と導光体とを備えた発光装置、であることを特徴とする請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- さらに、前記発光部から前記結像光学系までの光学経路の途中に、特定の偏光の光を透過し、かつ残りの光を反射する反射素子を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記反射素子によって透過される光と反射される光とが共に前記結像光学系へ照射されることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の薄型バックライトシステム。
- 請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステムを1つのバックライトユニットとし、該バックライトユニットを複数並列に配置したことを特徴とする複合薄型バックライトシステム。
- 複数並列に配置した前記バックライトユニットの1ユニットごと、または複数ユニットごとに、発光部の光量を制御する手段を有することを特徴とする請求項17に記載の複合薄型バックライトシステム。
- 前記バックライトユニットにおけるコリメート用反射鏡、全反射プリズムシート、全反射フレネルシート、光学シート、フライアイレンズおよびレンティキュラレンズのうちの少なくとも1つは、複数ユニット分が一体化されてなることを特徴とする請求項17または18に記載の複合薄型バックライトシステム。
- さらに、前記バックライトユニットの隣り合うユニット間に、隣り合う両ユニットのいずれか一方の発光部からの光が他方に入るのを防止する遮光手段を設けたことを特徴とする請求項17~19のいずれか1項に記載の複合薄型バックライトシステム。
- 請求項1~20のいずれか1項に記載の薄型バックライトシステムを有する液晶表示装置であって、前記通光部とされる絵素の配列層をなす液晶層が入射側および出射側のガラス基板で挟持されてなる液晶素子と、該液晶素子を駆動する駆動素子と、前記液晶素子の入射側のガラス基板上に偏光子と、出射側のガラス基板上に検光子と、を有することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
- さらに、前記検光子の出射面上に拡散板を有することを特徴とする請求項21に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶層から出射側への部品積層順を、“液晶層/駆動素子/検光子/拡散板/出射側のガラス基板”としたことを特徴とする請求項22に記載の液晶表示装置。
- さらに、前記駆動素子と前記出射側のガラス基板との間に、偏光保持機能をもつ拡散素子を有することを特徴とする請求項21に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶層から出射側への部品積層順を、“液晶層/駆動素子/偏光保持機能をもつ拡散素子/検光子/出射側のガラス基板”としたことを特徴とする請求項24に記載の液晶表示装置。
- さらに、前記出射側のガラス基板の入射面上にカラーフィルタ層を有することを特徴とする請求項21~25のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記結像光学系が、前記偏光子と前記入射側のガラス基板との間に配置されたことを特徴とする請求項21~26のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶素子と前記駆動素子とが積層位置を互換されたことを特徴とする請求項21~27のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
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EP2360515A4 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
BRPI0921226A2 (pt) | 2016-02-23 |
RU2011123396A (ru) | 2013-01-10 |
EP2360515A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
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