WO2010038211A1 - Procédé et appareil permettant de fournir un service de multidiffusion et de diffusion - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil permettant de fournir un service de multidiffusion et de diffusion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010038211A1
WO2010038211A1 PCT/IB2009/054300 IB2009054300W WO2010038211A1 WO 2010038211 A1 WO2010038211 A1 WO 2010038211A1 IB 2009054300 W IB2009054300 W IB 2009054300W WO 2010038211 A1 WO2010038211 A1 WO 2010038211A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
mbs
frame
multicast
broadcast service
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PCT/IB2009/054300
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English (en)
Inventor
Andrea Bacioccola
Zexian Li
Natalia Miettinen
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Nokia Corporation
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Publication of WO2010038211A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010038211A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

Definitions

  • Radio communication systems such as a wireless data networks (e.g., Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, spread spectrum systems (such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) networks, WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), etc.), provide users with the convenience of mobility along with a rich set of services and features.
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • a method comprises generating a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service.
  • the method also comprises specifying information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service.
  • the aforementioned information may indicate resources within the same frame or in subsequent frame(s).
  • a computer-readable medium carries one or more sequences of one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause an apparatus to generate a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service.
  • the apparatus is also caused to specify information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service.
  • the aforementioned information may indicate resources within the same frame or in subsequent frame(s).
  • an apparatus comprises a logic configured to generate a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service.
  • the logic is also configured to specify information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service.
  • the aforementioned information may indicate resources within the same frame or in subsequent frame(s).
  • an apparatus comprises means for generating a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service.
  • the apparatus also comprises means for specifying information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service.
  • the aforementioned information may indicate resources within the same frame or in subsequent frame(s).
  • a method comprises receiving a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service. The method further comprises retrieving information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service. The aforementioned information may indicate resources within the same frame or in subsequent frame(s).
  • a computer-readable medium carries one or more sequences of one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause an apparatus to receive a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service. The apparatus is also caused to retrieve information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service. The aforementioned information may refer to the actual frame or to subsequent frame(s).
  • an apparatus comprises a transceiver configured to receive a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service.
  • the apparatus also comprises a processor configured to retrieve information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service.
  • the aforementioned information may refer to the actual frame or to subsequent frame(s).
  • an apparatus comprises means for receiving a transmission frame corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service.
  • the apparatus also means for retrieving information within the frame for indicating allocation of resources relating to the multicast and broadcast service.
  • the aforementioned information may refer to the actual frame or to subsequent frame(s).
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a communication system capable of providing multicast and broadcast service (MBS), according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a MBS logic utilized in a base station of the system of FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIGs. 3A-3G are flowcharts of processes for providing multicast and broadcast service (MBS), according to various exemplary embodiments
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of an exemplary multicast -broadcast frame utilized in the system of FIG. 1;
  • FIGs. 5A-5C are diagrams showing MBS operations, according to various exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of an exemplary transmission frame structure utilized in the system of FIG. 1;
  • FIGs. 7A and 7B are diagrams of transmission (e.g., radio) frames for providing MBS resource notification and indication, according to various exemplary embodiments;
  • FIGs. 8A and 8B are diagrams of an exemplary WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) architecture, in which the system of FIG. 1 can operate, according to various exemplary embodiments of the invention
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram of hardware that can be used to implement an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram of exemplary components of a user terminal configured to operate in the systems of FIGs. 8A and 8B, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a communication system capable of providing multicast and broadcast service (MBS), according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • a wireless terminal e.g., mobile stations (MSs) 10Ia-IOIn and other like handsets, units, or devices
  • MSs mobile stations
  • UE user equipment
  • ASN WiMAX Access Service Network
  • the WiMAX terminal may be mobile, portable, or fixed wireless devices. Although only a single ASN 103 is depicted, it is recognized that multiple ASNs 103 can exist.
  • the access network 103 which includes one or more base stations (BSs) (e.g., BS 105a and 105b) configured to communicate with the MSs 101a- 101b, can provide the WIMAX access services. As shown, the access network 103 provides connectivity to a multicast -broadcast data network 107.
  • the system of FIG. 1 can tailor WiMAX signaling for an Internet Protocol multicast broadcast service (MCBCS) approach.
  • MCBCS Internet Protocol multicast broadcast service
  • the system of FIG. 1 can be implemented using an exemplary architecture, as depicted in FIGs. 8 A and 8B.
  • a communication system 100 includes one or more MSs 101 communicating with one or more BSs 105, which are part of the ASN 103.
  • the MSs 101 can be any type of mobile stations, such as handsets, terminals, stations, units, devices, multimedia tablets, Internet nodes, communicators, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), data cards or any type of interface to the user (such as "wearable" circuitry, etc.).
  • the MS 101 includes a transceiver and an antenna system that couples to the transceiver to receive or transmit signals from the BS 105.
  • the antenna system can include one or more antennas.
  • each of the BSs 105 employs a transceiver, which transmits information to the MS 101.
  • a BS 105 can employ one or more antennas for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals.
  • the BS 105 may utilize a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system, whereby the BS 105 can support multiple antenna transmit and receive capabilities.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • Each BS 105 can support a large number of subscriber stations (e.g., in the thousands), which can communicate with wired or wireless user terminals (e.g., MS 101).
  • Each of the BSs 105 uses a medium access control layer (MAC) to allocate uplink and downlink bandwidth.
  • MAC medium access control layer
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • IEEE 802.16x defines a MAC (media access control) layer that supports multiple physical layer (PHY) specifications.
  • IEEE 802.16-2005 specifies three PHY options: an OFDM with 256 sub-carriers; OFDMA, with 2048 sub-carriers; and a single carrier option for addressing multipath problems. Additionally, IEEE 802.16-2005 provides for adaptive modulation.
  • the system of FIG. 1 provides MBS (Multicast Broadcast Services) services in a MBSFN (Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network).
  • MBS Multicast Broadcast Services
  • An MBSFN typically has other neighboring MBSFNs or unicast networks operating at the same frequency.
  • Multicast and Broadcast Service supports downlink multicast or broadcast transmissions from one or more BSs 105 to one or more MSs 101.
  • a MBS zone 109, or group, (shown in FIG. 1) is a collection of BSs 105 that are transmitting the same MBS flow.
  • a MBS zone can include just one BS 1051.
  • BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109 may coordinate and synchronize the MBS transmissions.
  • the BSs 105 belonging to the same MBS zone 109 may receive information for coordination and synchronization by a network element which is located within the WiMAX Network 103.
  • the MBS transmissions are identical in all the BSs 105 belonging to the zone 109. Synchronization and coordination allow MSs 101 to gain the advantage of macro-diversity while receiving MBS transmissions.
  • the coordination can specify that: (i) mapping of service data units (SDUs) from the same MBS flow into MBS bursts should be identical, and the same SDUs are to be transmitted in the same transmission frame (e.g., radio frame, sub-frame) in all BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109; (ii) packets of the same MBS flow are classified and mapped to SDUs identically in each BS 105 of the same MBS zone 109; and (iii) SDU fragment and sequence number and fragmentation size from the same MBS flow across frame transmissions are the same in all the BSs 105 in the same MBS zone 109; (iv) Layer 1 transmission parameters for example modulation level, channel coding rate, MIMO transmission scheme etc. It is noted that the above processes are applicable to Idle mode as well.
  • SDUs service data units
  • Synchronization e.g., specifies that: (i) for the same MBS flow, SDUs mapping to burst is the same in all the BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109 and the burst are transmitted at the same time by all BSs 105 within the zone 109; and (ii) MBS MAPs and downlink interval usage code (DIUC) related parameters is the same in all the BSs 105 in the same MBS zone 109.
  • the DIUC can specify, for instance, the modulation and coding scheme.
  • the system 100 of FIG. 1 can improve and adapt MBS operations, defined in IEEE 802.16-2009, to a new transmission frame (e.g., superframe/frame/subframe) structure defined in IEEE 802.16m standard, and to a new MBS scheduling interval (MSI) (e.g. the MBS resources are notified every several superframes).
  • MBS scheduling interval e.g. the MBS resources are notified every several superframes.
  • the BSs 105 can employ a MBS logic I l ia for providing the MBS services using the new transmission frame.
  • MBS logic 111 can reside in the MS 101 (e.g., MBS logic 111b) or the ASN 103 (e.g., MBS logic 111c). Exemplary components of this MBS logic 111 are illustrated in FIG. 2. It is also contemplated that the MBS logic 111 can reside in any other component or combination of components of the system 100.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a MBS logic utilized in a base station of the system of FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • MBS logic 111 includes the following components: a MBS resource notification and indication module 201, a power saving module 203, a synchronization recovery module 205, a timing module 207, a channel switching module 209, and a scanning module 211.
  • the functions of these modules are described with respect to the processes of FIGs. 3A-3G. Although the functions provided by the modules are described with respect to the particular component, it is contemplated that the functions of these components may be combined in one or more components (or circuitry) or performed by other components (or circuitry) of equivalent functionality, depending on the implementation.
  • the MBS logic 111 has connectivity to a MBS content server 213.
  • the MBS content server 213 is resident within the multicast-broadcast data network 107 and provides the programming content transmitted by the MBS service over the MBZ zone 109.
  • FIGs. 3A-3G are flowcharts of processes for providing multicast and broadcast service (MBS), according to various exemplary embodiments.
  • the MBS resource notification and indication module 201 operates as follows.
  • the module 201 generates MBS information.
  • the MBS information includes information regarding resources for supporting the MBS service (e.g., MBS resource allocation or MBS resource indicator).
  • the MBS information may include a pointer to the MBS resource allocation or a pointer to a MBS indicator that specifies the location of the MBS resource.
  • MBS resource allocation e.g., MBS resource allocation or MBS resource indicator
  • the MBS resource notification and indication module 201 includes the MBS information at the beginning of a superframe, e.g., in the superframe header (SFH) or broadcast messages right after SFH or other specified messages.
  • a superframe includes, for instance, a fixed number of frames, which in turn can be further sub-divided (or partitioned) into subframes; a subframe comprises OFDM symbols.
  • the MBS information includes a MBS resource indicator (step 303)
  • such indicator may point to a transmission frame (e.g., radio frame or a sub- frame or another carrier) where the actual MBS resources are allocated (e.g., see the description of case 2 with respect to FIG.
  • the MBS indication e.g., in the SFH may contain: a pointer to the MBS allocation or a pointer to a message which will indicate the location of MBS resources.
  • This pointer can be expressed in terms of the super frame that will contain MBS resources and/or in terms of radio frame that will contain MBS resources and/or in terms of the sub- frame (which will contain MBS resources) and/or carrier information (if different RF carrier is used for MBS).
  • the indicator may notify resources that are ahead in time (e.g., in the next 10 frames); and the indicator may also advertise resources that occur after other MBS allocations.
  • the module 201 may initiate transmission of the MBS information to one or more MSs 101 and/or other BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109 using, for instance, the transceiver (not shown) of the BS 105 (step 309).
  • the transmission of the MBS information occurs over the ASN 103 and/or the multicast-broadcast data network 107.
  • the MBS logic 111 may use the power saving module 203 to define a special (or unique) power saving class (step 321).
  • the process for defining a power saving class involves both the MS 101 and BS 105, e.g., according to the scheduled MBS service if the MS 101 only has MBS service ongoing.
  • the power saving may be achieved by specifying sleep and active windows for the MS 101. During a sleep window, the MS 101 can place its radio transceiver in a low power, inactive, or similar state to conserve power. This sleep window is coordinated with the BS 105 to ensure that the BS 105 does not transmit information to the MS 101 during the sleep window. In this way, transmissions from the BS 105 will not be missed during the sleep window.
  • the power saving class may also define listening windows in addition to the sleep windows.
  • the windows are, for instance, defined in terms of radio-frames or super-frames.
  • the power saving class may also define a micro-sleep time, within a listening window, (expressed in terms of sub-frame (radio frame) from the end of the current MBS allocation in one sub-frame until the beginning of the next radio frame (e.g., superframe)).
  • the micro-sleep time may have a variable duration and can be adjusted depending on the specified level of power saving.
  • the duration of the micro-sleep may depend on the location of the MBS data allocation and the actual end of the current sub-frame/frame/super frame. For example, the MS 101 generally ends its sleep window and wakes up by at least the beginning of the next superframe, which may contain the MBS information (e.g., MBS indicator). Otherwise, the information for next MBS packets might be lost.
  • this special power saving class may define the micro-sleep time from the time a resource is notified until the actual allocation of MBS resources. For instance, the MBS data may be notified in the SFH (e.g., at the beginning of the superframe) whereas the corresponding MBS data allocation can be at the end of the superframe.
  • the power saving class may define the sleep time from the time when the MS 101 receives an MBS indicator until the time when the MBS resources are notified (e.g., as specified in the indicator).
  • the power saving module 203 After defining the power saving class, the power saving module 203 generates MBS information specifying the power saving information (e.g., the power saving class) (step 323). As with the process 300 of FIG. 3 A, the MBS information generated by the power saving module 203 is included in, for instance, the SFH of the superframe. The power saving information may be included alone or in combination with the MBS resource allocation information described above. The power saving module 203 may then initiate transmission of the MBS information to one or more MSs 101 and/or other BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109 (step 325).
  • MBS information specifying the power saving information (e.g., the power saving class)
  • the MBS information generated by the power saving module 203 is included in, for instance, the SFH of the superframe.
  • the power saving information may be included alone or in combination with the MBS resource allocation information described above.
  • the power saving module 203 may then initiate transmission of the MBS information to one or more MSs 101 and/or other
  • the synchronization recovery module 205 may utilize a SFH that includes at least a synchronization recovery indicator (e.g., as indicated by the black box depicted in FIG. 7A) for the MBS connections (step 331).
  • the indicator for instance, can be used to alert a receiving MS 101 that a particular superframe, frame, or sub-frame includes MBS-related information.
  • the synchronization recovery module 205 generates MBS information specifying at least the indicator for inclusion in the SFH (step 333). It is also contemplated that the indicator can be transmitted in any other known location of the superframe, frame, or sub-frame.
  • This indicator may be used to access MBS resources, and to determine whether there are MBS resources allocated in the current superframe or frame depending on the periodicity of the indicator. The latter may help the MS 101 in recovering from loss of synchronization.
  • the MS 101 searches for the SFH that will provide the MS 101 with at least an indication about the MBS resources currently being transmitted. If no indicator or any other MBS information is included in the SFH, the MS 101 may interpret this lack of MBS information, by default, as an indication that no MBS transmission is occurring in the current superframe. Thus, the MS 101 enter a power saving mode to conserve energy until the beginning of the next superframe.
  • the synchronization recovery module 205 After generating the MBS information including the synchronization recovery indicator, the synchronization recovery module 205 initiates transmission of the MBS information to the MSs 101 and/or other BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109 (step 335).
  • the MBS resource notification and indication module 201 of the MBS logic 111 can also provide notification of the end of a MBS allocation as part of the process (e.g., process 300 of FIG. 3A) for generating a message to provide the MBS allocation (step 341).
  • a MBS data allocation e.g., as indicated by the black box depicted in FIG. 7A
  • an indication may be added to inform MSs 101 about the next MBS transmission.
  • this information may also carry power saving indications (step 343).
  • the power saving indications may include a power saving class defining sleep and listening windows.
  • the Broadcast Control Pointer IE (information element) defined in the IEEE 802.16-2009 standard (Table 359), which is incorporated herein in its entirety, might be extended to support this functionality.
  • the Broadcast Control Pointer IE will inform MSs 101 when the next MBS transmission is arriving (in terms of superframe, frame or sub- frame depending on the allocation strategy).
  • the process described herein advantageously adds power saving indication to the MBS allocation message.
  • the MBS resource notification and indication module 201 can then initiate transmission of the MBS allocation message to the MSs 101 and/or other BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109 (step 345).
  • the timing module 207 can utilize a counter or timer to specify the next MBS allocation.
  • timing information e.g., a counter/timer value
  • the timing module 207 may include this timer/counter value as part of the indication message defined with respect to MBS resource notification and indication message generated as described in the process 300 of FIG. 3A (step 353).
  • the indicator may be used to indicate one or more MBS allocations within a MBS scheduling interval.
  • the value might be stored in k bits (k being an integer). Accordingly, the MS 101 can use those predetermined number (e.g., k) bits to determine when the next MBS transmission will occur (e.g., in terms of superframes, radio frames or sub- frames).
  • 00 MBS in this frame
  • 01 no MBS in this frame
  • 10 no MBS in this and the next frame
  • 11 no MBS in this and the next two2 frames.
  • the number of bits to be used for the counter, the usage of each possible combination of the bits and the relevance of the counter (in terms of superframe/radio frame/sub-frame) can be determined based on the particular application/implementation.
  • the counter for the next MBS allocation can be implemented as a hierarchical timer. For instance, a high level timer may be expressed with k bits and may refer to an MBS allocation in terms of MBS scheduling interval. For each MBS scheduling interval another timer, expressed with j bits, may indicate the MBS allocation within each superframe.
  • another timer may indicate the MBS allocation within each radio frame.
  • the mechanism may be extended to include sub-frames.
  • hierarchical bitmaps may be implemented to notify the MBS allocations in the forthcoming superframes/frames/sub frames within a scheduling interval.
  • the first level of hierarchical timer can be transmitted in the superframe header at the beginning of the scheduling interval (step 355).
  • the secondary level of hierarchical timer (e.g., indicate the MBS allocation within a radio frame) can be transmitted either in the radio frame or SFH of the next superframes.
  • the counter for the next MBS allocation can be implemented using explicitly defined interval in the unit of super- frame and/or frame and/or subframe.
  • the MBS logic 111 employs the channel switching module 209 to provide information broadcasting during channel switching.
  • a MBS transmission may include one or more channels of broadcast content.
  • a channel refers to a different MBS data stream.
  • the MS 101 can receive transmissions from either one channel or multiple channels at the same time (concurrently). If the MS 101 wants to switch to another channel (which it is not receiving), the MS 101 sends a request to, for instance, the channel switching module 209 in order to switch to a new channel. Accordingly, the channel switching module 209 receives this request either directly from the MS 101 or through the MBS content server 113 (step 361).
  • the channel switching module 209 will reply to the MS 101 by either accepting or rejecting the request. For example, the channel switching module 209 accepts to request to enable the MS 101 to decode the requested channel. As part of the acceptance process, the channel switching module 209 determines and informs the MS 101 about the transport connection that is used at the MAC layer to convey the MBS channel (step 363). Typically, the MAC connection, which is identified by e. g. an 802.16 connection ID (CID), is the same across all the BSs 105 belonging to the same MBS zone 109. Next, the channel switching module 209 generates a message to inform the MS 101 about the CID related to the requested channel (step 365). The module 209 then initiates transmission of the message to the MS 101 (step 367).
  • CID 802.16 connection ID
  • this message can be either transmitted by the BS 105 or the MBS content server 213.
  • the actual sender depends on the MBS implementation — e.g. the MBS can be implemented at layer 2 or within the WiMAX domain, or at a higher layer out of the scope of WiMAX access network 103.
  • the CID information related to IEEE 802.16 MAC is carried into an upper layer message from the MBS content server 213 to the MS 101 in order to simplify the acquisition of the MBS transmission.
  • the MBS content server 213 and all BSs 105 in the same MBS zone 109 can agree beforehand on the CIDs for all MBS channels, since these CIDs cannot be used for unicast channel.
  • the scanning module 211 of the MBS logic 111 permits cell scanning of neighboring BSs 105 during MBS transmissions.
  • scanning of neighboring BSs 105 enables the MSS 101 and/or the BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109 to determine the availability of MBS resources, transmissions, or content from its neighbors within the same MBS zone 109.
  • a requested MBS resource may be obtained from neighboring BSs 105 rather than from the MBS content server 213.
  • the available MBS resources may be obtained by the superframe, frame, or sub-frame.
  • case 1 superframes are synchronized and no MBS transmissions occur during a superframe
  • case 2 superframes are not synchronized across BSs 105 and no MBS transmissions occur during every superframe
  • case 3 superframes are synchronized and MBS transmissions occur in every superframe
  • case 4 superframes are not synchronized across BSs 105, and no MBS transmissions occur every radio frame.
  • the scanning module 211 first determines whether a superframe is synchronized (e.g., the superframe is synchronized if the superframe contains the same MBS information for all BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109) (step 371). Then, the scanning module 211 determines whether there are any MBS transmissions occurring within the superframe (steps 373a and 373b). In case 1 (i.e., superframes are synchronized and no MBS transmissions occur during every superframe), the scanning module 211 initiates scanning in all the super-frames where no MBS transmissions occur (e.g. indicated by the bitmap defined with respect to the use of counter/timer or Broadcast Control Pointer IE) (step 375).
  • a superframe is synchronized if the superframe contains the same MBS information for all BSs 105 within the same MBS zone 109
  • the scanning module 211 determines whether there are any MBS transmissions occurring within the superframe (steps 373a and 373b). In case 1 (i.
  • the scanning module 211 skips scanning during frames including MBS transmissions (step 377) and initiates scanning during those radio frames in which no MBS transmissions occur (e.g. indicated by the bitmap with respect to the use of counter/timer, or Broadcast Control Pointer IE, or the indication message as earlier described regarding MBS resource notification and indication and/or special power saving for MBS) (step 379).
  • the scanning module 211 skips one or more SFH (step 381), which is located at the beginning of the superframe, in order to perform scanning (i.e., the scanning module 211 skips the first radio frame of each superframe to perform scanning) (step 383).
  • the scanning module 211 need not skip the other radio frame within the current superframe because the scanning can be performed only on the first radio frame (e.g. the first radio frame is the one containing the SFH).
  • the scanning module 211 may read from Broadcast Control Pointer IE which radio frame contains MBS data. This reading may provide the scanning module 211 with the flexibility to decide whether to do scanning or not.
  • the scanning module 211 can still lose the SFH, but will still be able to decode all the MBS transmission which are not in the first radio frame.
  • the scanning module 211 may decode the SFH in the current cell (step 385). For example, decoding the SFH includes determining the MBS information included as part of the SFH. From this decoded MBS information, the scanning module 211 can detect the MBS indication (e.g., detect any information related to MBS or that is indicative of MBS-related information in the corresponding superframe) (step 387), and decide what is the subset of radio frames with MBS information that the MBS logic 111 wants to decode (step 389). Based on this determination, the MS will identify the set of radio frames that can be used for scanning of other cells (step 391).
  • the MBS indication e.g., detect any information related to MBS or that is indicative of MBS-related information in the corresponding superframe
  • the scanning module 211 can use initiate scanning during those frames that contain MBS information that the MBS logic 111 does not want to decode (e.g., contains MBS transmission that the MBS logic 111 does not want to receive). This process of FIG. 3G can reduce the loss of MBS information at the MS 101 during scanning.
  • the described schemes of FIGs. 3A-3G can improve the power efficiency of MSs 101 with MBS service and to improve the resources notification for MBS.
  • the above processes can be deployed with respect to an OFDMA frame structure.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of an exemplary multicast -broadcast frame utilized in the system of FIG. 1.
  • MBS logic 111 determines the MBS portion in one frame (inside downlink medium access protocol (DL-MAP))
  • the BS 105 transmits MBS_MAP_IE 401 - which is used to indicate when the next data for a MBS service flow will be transmitted.
  • MBS logic 111 After receiving the DL-MAP message 403, the MBS logic 111 will know the starting location of MBS parts.
  • MBS_MAP 405 which is located from the first subchannel and the first OFDMA symbol of MBS region 407.
  • the MBS_MAP message 405 is used to describe the MBS connections serviced by the MBS portion 407.
  • the MBS_MAP 405 does not describe the current MBS portion 407, but it is used to describe the MBS data bursts 403 that are located in frames that are from, for example, 2 to 5 frames in the future from the frame containing the MBS_MAP message 405.
  • the MBS logic 111 will recognize how many channels are served, and the corresponding multicast CIDs, subchannel information, etc.
  • the MBS logic 111 can determine the MBS subchannel as follows.
  • the MS can acquire the location of MBS_MAP 405 by MBS_MAP_IE 401, or determine the MBS subchannels by MBS_MAP 405. These approaches are illustrated in the FIGs. 5A-5C.
  • FIGs. 5A-5C are diagrams showing MBS operations, according to various exemplary embodiments. More specifically, FIGs. 5A-5C depict the frame structure, respectively, of three consecutive MBS frames. As shown in FIG. 5A, the MBS frame 500 includes MBS_MAP_IE 501 which contains an indicator or pointer to MBS_MAP message 503.
  • the MBS logic 111 first decodes the MBS_MAP_IE 501 to determine the location of the MBS_MAP message 503 within the OFMDA frame 505. As discussed above, the MBS_MAP message 503 describes MBS resources available in future frames. After obtaining the location of the MBS_MAP message 503 from the MBS_MAP_IE 501, the MBS logic 111 can, for instance, retrieve the MBS_MAP message 503 from the specified location within the frame 505. In this example, the MBS-MAP message 503 describes MBS connections available in the MBS frame 540 of FIG. 5C as indicated by the connection leading towards an "A" marker 507.
  • FIG. 5B depicts an MBS frame 520 that follows immediately after the MBS frame 500 of FIG. 5A.
  • MBS frame 520 is shown as an intervening frame to illustrate that the MBS_MAP message 503 of FIG. 5A refers to a future frame other the MBS frame 520.
  • the MBS_MAP message 503 can refer to resources any future MBS frame (e.g., 5 or 10 frames in the future).
  • the line from the "A" marker 507 to the "B" marker 521 indicates the relationship between the MBS_MAP message 503 of FIG. 5A to the MBS resources of FIG. 5C. As shown in FIG.
  • the relationship line indicated from the "B" marker 521 terminates at the MBS portion 541 of the MBS frame 540. Accordingly, on decoding the MBS_MAP message 503 of FIG. 5A, the MBS logic 111 will be lead to the MBS portion 541.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of an exemplary transmission frame structure utilized in the system of FIG. 1.
  • a superframe/frame/subframe (SFS) structure 600 includes the following features.
  • a superframe 601 includes a fixed number of frames 603, e.g., 4 frames.
  • a superframe header 605 can be transmitted at the start of each superframe 601 or in any other fixed location within the superframe 601.
  • the superframe header 605 includes superframe configuration information.
  • a frame 603 can include a number of subframes 607, e.g., 8 subframes.
  • resource allocation information for example MAP messages, which are used to convey resource allocation information
  • several superframes can be combined together to create a MBS scheduling interval.
  • a MBS scheduling interval is a time interval, formed by one or more superframes, for which a certain MBS scheduling exists (eventually empty). The aforementioned scheduling is computed before the beginning of the interval.
  • the structure 600 shows the particular case when the scheduling interval is equal to four superframes (e.g. SUO to SU3).
  • FIGs. 7A and 7B are diagrams of transmission (e.g., radio) frames for providing MBS resource notification and indication, according to various exemplary embodiments.
  • a scheduling interval comprises a superframe 701 including four radio frames 703.
  • a SFH 705 (e.g., depicted as a black box in FIG. 7A) is included at the first subframe of the first frame 703 of the superframe 701.
  • the SFH 705 includes a MBS indication or message 707 including a MBS resource allocation.
  • the resource allocation may be indicated in one or two ways: case 1 - the MBS indication 707 contains a pointer to another MBS indication 709 that in turn points to the subframe 711 containing the MBS data or MBS map describing the MBS data; or case 2 - the MBS indication 707 points directly to a subframe 713 containing the MBS data or MBS map describing the MBS data.
  • FIG. 7 A shows the case where the message 707 refers to the same superframe, the message 707 may refer to a MBS resource allocation or to a MBS indication which are located in another superframe.
  • FIG. 7B is a diagram of micro-sleep periods incorporated into a MBS frame, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • a superframe 721 is operating in within a listening window during which radio transmission is generally active.
  • the superframe 701 may nonetheless include one or more micro-sleep windows (e.g., micro-sleep windows 723a and 723b).
  • micro-sleep windows 723a and 723b the occurrence and duration of the micro-sleep windows 723a and 723b depends on whether there are any MBS resources in use in any of the subframes of the superframe 721.
  • the MBS logic 111 can decode the SFH 725 to obtain MBS indication which indicates that there is MBS data only in one subframe 729. Consequently, the micro-sleep window 723a can occur in the subframe immediately following the SFH 725 up to the subframe 729, and the micro-sleep window 723b can occur in the subframe immediately following subframe 729 to the end of the superframe 721.
  • the micro-sleep window 723b does not extend beyond end of the subframe 721 because, in this example, the MBS logic 111 exits the power saving mode to read the SFH 731 of the next superframe 733.
  • FIG. 7B depicts a superframe 735 that includes MBS resources 737 that extend over four subframes rather the single subframe 729 of the superframe 721. Accordingly, the micro-sleep window 739 is shorter relative to the micro-sleep window 723b to accommodate use of the MBS resources 737.
  • the processes for providing MBS service can be performed over a variety of networks.
  • FIGs. 8A and 8B are diagrams of an exemplary WiMAX architecture, in which the system of FIG. 1, according to various exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • the architecture shown in FIGs. 8A and 8B can support fixed, nomadic, and mobile deployments and be based on an Internet Protocol (IP) service model.
  • Subscriber or mobile stations 801 can communicate with an access service network (ASN) 803, which includes one or more base stations (BS) 805.
  • ASN access service network
  • BS base stations
  • the BS 805 in addition to providing the air interface to the mobile stations 801, possesses such management functions as handoff triggering and tunnel establishment, radio resource management, quality of service (QoS) policy enforcement, traffic classification, DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol) proxy, key management, session management, and multicast group management.
  • QoS quality of service
  • DHCP Dynamic Host Control Protocol
  • the base station 805 has connectivity to an access network 807.
  • the access network 807 utilizes an ASN gateway 809 to access a connectivity service network (CSN) 811 over, for example, a data network 813.
  • CSN connectivity service network
  • the network 813 can be a public data network, such as the global Internet.
  • the ASN gateway may have direct connectivity to the CSN 811 without going over the data network 813.
  • the ASN gateway 809 provides a Layer 2 traffic aggregation point within the ASN 803.
  • the ASN gateway 809 can additionally provide intra-ASN location management and paging, radio resource management and admission control, caching of subscriber profiles and encryption keys, AAA client functionality, establishment and management of mobility tunnel with base stations, QoS and policy enforcement, foreign agent functionality for mobile IP, and routing to the selected CSN 811.
  • the CSN 811 interfaces with various systems, such as application service provider (ASP) 815, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 817, and a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) /3GPP2 system 819, and enterprise networks (not shown).
  • ASP application service provider
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • the CSN 811 can include the following components: Access, Authorization and Accounting system (AAA) 821, a mobile IP-Home Agent (MIP-HA) 823, an operation support system (OSS)/business support system (BSS) 825, and a gateway 827.
  • AAA Access, Authorization and Accounting system
  • MIP-HA mobile IP-Home Agent
  • OSS operation support system
  • BSS business support system
  • the AAA system 821 which can be implemented as one or more servers, provide support authentication for the devices, users, and specific services.
  • the CSN 811 also provides per user policy management of QoS and security, as well as IP address management, support for roaming between different network service providers (NSPs), location management among ASNs.
  • NSPs network service providers
  • FIG. 8B shows a reference architecture that defines interfaces (i.e., reference points) between functional entities capable of supporting various embodiments of the invention.
  • the WiMAX network reference model defines reference points: Rl, R2, R3, R4, and R5.
  • Rl is defined between the SS/MS 801 and the ASN 803a; this interface, in addition to the air interface, includes protocols in the management plane.
  • R2 is provided between the SS/MS 801 and a CSN (e.g., CSN 811a and 811b) for authentication, service authorization, IP configuration, and mobility management.
  • the ASN 803a and CSN 811a communicate over R3, which supports policy enforcement and mobility management.
  • R4 is defined between ASNs 803a and 803b to support inter-ASN mobility.
  • R5 is defined to support roaming across multiple NSPs (e.g., visited NSP 829a and home NSP 829b).
  • FIG. 9 illustrates exemplary hardware upon which various embodiments of the invention can be implemented.
  • a computing system 900 includes a bus 901 or other communication mechanism for communicating information and a processor 903 coupled to the bus 901 for processing information.
  • the computing system 900 also includes main memory 905, such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device, coupled to the bus 901 for storing information and instructions to be executed by the processor 903.
  • Main memory 905 can also be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions by the processor 903.
  • the computing system 900 may further include a read only memory (ROM) 907 or other static storage device coupled to the bus 901 for storing static information and instructions for the processor 903.
  • ROM read only memory
  • a storage device 909 such as a magnetic disk or optical disk, is coupled to the bus 901 for persistently storing information and instructions.
  • the computing system 900 may be coupled via the bus 901 to a display 911, such as a liquid crystal display, or active matrix display, for displaying information to a user.
  • a display 911 such as a liquid crystal display, or active matrix display
  • An input device 913 such as a keyboard including alphanumeric and other keys, may be coupled to the bus 901 for communicating information and command selections to the processor 903.
  • the input device 913 can include a cursor control, such as a mouse, a trackball, or cursor direction keys, for communicating direction information and command selections to the processor 903 and for controlling cursor movement on the display 911.
  • the processes described herein can be provided by the computing system 900 in response to the processor 903 executing an arrangement of instructions contained in main memory 905.
  • Such instructions can be read into main memory 905 from another computer-readable medium, such as the storage device 909.
  • Execution of the arrangement of instructions contained in main memory 905 causes the processor 903 to perform the process steps described herein.
  • processors in a multiprocessing arrangement may also be employed to execute the instructions contained in main memory 905.
  • hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement the embodiment of the invention.
  • reconfigurable hardware such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) can be used, in which the functionality and connection topology of its logic gates are customizable at run-time, typically by programming memory look up tables.
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the computing system 900 also includes at least one communication interface 915 coupled to bus 901.
  • the communication interface 915 provides a two-way data communication coupling to a network link (not shown).
  • the communication interface 915 sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic, or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information.
  • the communication interface 915 can include peripheral interface devices, such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) interface, etc.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
  • the processor 903 may execute the transmitted code while being received and/or store the code in the storage device 909, or other non-volatile storage for later execution. In this manner, the computing system 900 may obtain application code in the form of a carrier wave.
  • Non-volatile media include, for example, optical or magnetic disks, such as the storage device 909.
  • Volatile media include dynamic memory, such as main memory 905.
  • Transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise the bus 901. Transmission media can also take the form of acoustic, optical, or electromagnetic waves, such as those generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data communications.
  • RF radio frequency
  • IR infrared
  • Computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, CDRW, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, optical mark sheets, any other physical medium with patterns of holes or other optically recognizable indicia, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave, or any other medium from which a computer can read.
  • a floppy disk a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, CDRW, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, optical mark sheets, any other physical medium with patterns of holes or other optically recognizable indicia, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave, or any other medium from which a computer can read.
  • Various forms of computer-readable media may be involved in providing instructions to a processor for execution.
  • the instructions for carrying out at least part of the invention may initially be borne on a magnetic disk of a remote computer.
  • the remote computer loads the instructions into main memory and sends the instructions over a telephone line using a modem.
  • a modem of a local system receives the data on the telephone line and uses an infrared transmitter to convert the data to an infrared signal and transmit the infrared signal to a portable computing device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA) or a laptop.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • An infrared detector on the portable computing device receives the information and instructions borne by the infrared signal and places the data on a bus.
  • the bus conveys the data to main memory, from which a processor retrieves and executes the instructions.
  • the instructions received by main memory can optionally be stored on storage device either before or after execution by processor.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram of exemplary components of a user terminal configured to operate in the system of FIGs. 8A and 8B, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a user terminal 1000 includes an antenna system 1001 (which can utilize multiple antennas) to receive and transmit signals.
  • the antenna system 1001 is coupled to radio circuitry 1003, which includes multiple transmitters 1005 and receivers 1007.
  • the radio circuitry encompasses all of the Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry as well as base-band processing circuitry.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • Ll layer- 1
  • L2 unit 1011 can include module 1013, which executes all Medium Access Control (MAC) layer functions.
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • a timing and calibration module 1015 maintains proper timing by interfacing, for example, an external timing reference (not shown). Additionally, a processor 1017 is included. Under this scenario, the user terminal 1000 communicates with a computing device 1019, which can be a personal computer, work station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), web appliance, cellular phone, etc.
  • a computing device 1019 can be a personal computer, work station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), web appliance, cellular phone, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne la transmission groupée. Une logique génère une trame de transmission correspondant à un service de multidiffusion et de diffusion (MBS). La logique spécifie également des informations, à l’intérieur de la trame, servant à indiquer l’allocation de ressources concernant ledit service de multidiffusion et de diffusion.
PCT/IB2009/054300 2008-10-03 2009-10-01 Procédé et appareil permettant de fournir un service de multidiffusion et de diffusion WO2010038211A1 (fr)

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US61/102,627 2008-10-03

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EP1804526A1 (fr) * 2004-11-01 2007-07-04 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procede servant a mettre en oeuvre une ressource indicatrice de mbs
EP1903813A1 (fr) * 2006-09-19 2008-03-26 Alcatel Lucent Procédé, serveur et station de base pour la synchronisation des parties des trames diffusion et multidiffusion dans un système WiMAX
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EP1718096A1 (fr) * 2005-04-25 2006-11-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Indication du décalage de trame des rafales de données type "Multicast Broadcast Service" dans un message MBS-MAP
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