WO2010025661A1 - 利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置及其方法 - Google Patents

利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010025661A1
WO2010025661A1 PCT/CN2009/073651 CN2009073651W WO2010025661A1 WO 2010025661 A1 WO2010025661 A1 WO 2010025661A1 CN 2009073651 W CN2009073651 W CN 2009073651W WO 2010025661 A1 WO2010025661 A1 WO 2010025661A1
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heat
energy
evaporation chamber
chamber
steam turbine
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PCT/CN2009/073651
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English (en)
French (fr)
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应友正
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Ying Youzheng
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Publication of WO2010025661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010025661A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of energy conversion and utilization technology, and particularly relates to a device and method for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy and electric energy.
  • Non-renewable energy mainly includes non-renewable resources such as coal, oil and natural gas. These non-renewable resources have become less and less. The more scarce it is, and its problems of polluting the environment, it will now be replaced by renewable energy; in renewable energy, mainly wind, water, solar, etc., but its utilization rate is not high, on the one hand its existence The technical factors make it too expensive to use, and the cost of use is too high. On the other hand, it generally depends on the specific geographical environment and is inconvenient to promote. Therefore, the world’s energy The source crisis has not been effectively resolved. Summary of the invention
  • a device for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy and electrical energy comprising: a working fluid, a heat pump, a steam turbine communicating with the evaporation chamber, a condensation chamber communicating with the steam turbine, and a reflux device connected in series between the condensation chamber and the evaporation chamber, the reflux device
  • a solenoid valve is arranged on the inlet and outlet pipelines, and a heat pump heat source is arranged in the evaporation chamber, and a heat pump heat source heat exchanger or a heat exchanger exchanged with the outside world is arranged in the condensation chamber, an evaporation chamber, a steam turbine, a condensation chamber, a solenoid valve,
  • the reflux device, the solenoid valve and the evaporation chamber are sequentially connected to form a working fluid circulation system, and the steam turbine performs uninterrupted work and output power in the working medium circulation system.
  • the apparatus and method for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy and electrical energy of the present invention also include and have the following features:
  • the above-mentioned working fluid circulation system is sealed with the outside world.
  • the heat pump works to absorb the heat in the air or ocean or river water or geothermal heat and/or the heat in the condensation chamber, and the heat is released in the evaporation chamber.
  • the working medium absorbs the heat released by the heat pump heat source in the evaporation chamber, and the working heat absorbs heat and evaporates. Forming a gaseous working medium with a certain pressure;
  • the gaseous working fluid in the evaporation chamber is discharged through the sealed pipeline, and the discharged gaseous working medium pushes the steam turbine to work, and the steam turbine rotates into kinetic energy and/or drives the generator to generate electricity;
  • the gaseous working medium is discharged into the condensation chamber after the steam turbine is rotated, and the gaseous working medium is cooled by the heat exchanger in the cold condensation chamber, and the pressure is reduced to a liquid working medium;
  • the liquid working fluid is returned to the evaporation chamber through the automatically controlled solenoid valve in the reflux device. In the cavity.
  • the invention adopts the heat pump principle and the heat pipe principle to fully absorb heat in the air or ocean or river water or geothermal heat, converts the heat energy into kinetic energy or electric energy, has little energy loss in the conversion process, and has high heat energy utilization rate, and passes through the internal working state of the heat pump.
  • the change continuously absorbs the heat in the air or ocean or river water or geothermal heat, thus continuously powering the steam turbine to drive the steam turbine to work to continuously output energy to the outside world.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention, in which a heat pump cold source heat exchanger is disposed in the condensation chamber;
  • Fig. 2 is a second schematic view of the flow of the present invention, in which a heat exchanger for heat and cold exchange with the outside is provided.
  • the apparatus for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy and electric energy is based on the principle that the heat in the air or the ocean or river water or the geothermal heat is sufficiently absorbed by the heat pump principle, and then converted into kinetic energy or electric energy by the heat pipe principle.
  • the device mainly comprises a working medium 11, a heat pump 2, a steam turbine 3 communicating with the evaporation chamber 1, a condensation chamber 4 communicating with the steam turbine 3, a reflux device 5 connected in series between the condensation chamber 4 and the evaporation chamber 1, and the flow of the return device 5
  • a solenoid valve 7 is disposed on the outlet line, and a heat pump heat source is disposed in the evaporation chamber 1.
  • the heat pump cold source heat exchanger 8 or the heat exchanger 12 exchanged with the outside world is disposed in the condensation chamber 4, and the evaporation chamber 1 and the steam turbine 3 are disposed.
  • the condensing chamber 4, the electromagnetic valve 7, the returning device 5, the electromagnetic valve 7, and the evaporation chamber 1 are sequentially connected to form a working fluid circulation system, and the steam turbine 3 performs uninterrupted work and output power in the working medium circulation system.
  • the process of converting thermal energy into kinetic energy and electrical energy by using the above device is as follows: 1 heat pump 2 works to absorb heat or / and condensation chambers in air or ocean or river water or geothermal
  • the heat in 4 the heat is released in the evaporation chamber 1, and the working fluid 11 absorbs the heat of the heat pump in the evaporation chamber 1.
  • the heat released by the source, the working fluid 11 heats up and evaporates into a gaseous working medium with a certain pressure;
  • the gaseous working medium of the evaporation chamber 1 is discharged through the sealed pipeline, and the discharged gaseous working medium pushes the steam turbine 3 to work, and the steam turbine 3 rotates into kinetic energy and/or drives the generator to generate electricity;
  • the gaseous working medium is discharged into the condensation chamber 4 after the rotation of the steam turbine 3 is driven, and the gaseous working medium is cooled and lowered by the heat pump heat source 8 in the condensation chamber 4 or the heat exchanger 12 exchanged with the outside world.
  • Liquid working fluid Liquid working fluid
  • the liquid working medium is returned to the evaporation chamber of the evaporation chamber 1 through the automatically controlled solenoid valve 7 in the reflux unit 5.
  • the working fluid completes a cycle in the working fluid circulation system from liquid to gas to liquid.
  • the heat absorbed by the heat source of the heat pump or the heat of the ocean or river or geothermal heat is the energy that the heat is converted into kinetic energy or electrical energy.
  • P is the pressure
  • v is the volume
  • L is the distance
  • Q is the thermal energy
  • W is the propulsion work
  • W5 is the output work
  • W4 is the input work.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Description

利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置及其方法 本申请要求于 2008 年 9 月 2 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810107057. 6、发明名称为"利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置及 其方法 "中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请 中。 技术领域
本发明涉及能量转化以及利用技术领域，特指一种利用热能转化 为动能和电能的装置及其方法。
背景技术
随着现在能源越来越紧缺，各国都在为解决能源问题而采取各种 措施， 特别是石油危机， 因为石油是不可再生资源， 有专家认为按现 在的石油用量计算， 再过 50年将没有石油可取， 为此， 各国都大力 发展自然能源， 如太阳能、 风能、 水能等一些环保型能源， 但是利用 这些自然能源都要有大量资金的投入以及复杂昂贵的设备，现在这方 面的利用率还很低，主要是因为利用成本高。在我国经济快速发展的 同时，我国的能源消耗也成倍的增长， 能源的短缺已经严重的制约我 国经济的发展。每个人都已经意识到能源的重要性， 因此现在社会各 界都在宣传做到节能环保， 创建节能型社会、 和谐社会。
现在所用能源一般分为可再生能源和不可再生能源，其中使用最 多的是不可再生能源， 不可再生能源主要包括煤、 石油、 天燃气等不 可再生资源， 这些不可再生资源已经越来越少， 越来越紧缺， 且其存 在着污染环境等问题， 因此现在会逐渐被可再生能源所替代；在可再 生能源中主要为风能、 水力、 太阳能等， 但现在其利用率不高， 一方 面其存在着技术上的因素使其利用成本过大，使用成本过高， 另一方 面其一般取决于特定的地理环境， 不便推广。 因此， 世界所面临的能 源危机一直未能得到有效的解决。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置 及其方法。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置， 其特征在于： 包括工质、 热泵、 与蒸发腔相通的汽轮机、 与汽轮机相通的冷凝腔， 在冷凝腔与 蒸发腔之间串联一回流器， 回流器的进出口管路上设置有电磁阀， 蒸 发腔内设置有热泵热源， 冷凝腔内设置有热泵冷源热交换器或与外界 冷热交换的热交换器， 蒸发腔、 汽轮机、 冷凝腔、 电磁阀、 回流器、 电磁阀、 蒸发腔依次连接组成一个工质循环***， 汽轮机在工质循环 ***中进行不间断做功、 输出功率。
本发明的利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置及其方法还包括和 具有下列特征：
上述的工质循环***与外界相密封循环。
利用上述的装置将热能转化为动能和电能的方法如下：
①热泵工作吸收空气或海洋或河水或地热中的热量或 /和冷凝腔中 的热量， 在蒸发腔释放出热量， 工质吸收蒸发腔中热泵热源释放出的 热量， 工质吸热升温、 蒸发成具有一定压力的气态工质；
②蒸发腔的气态工质通过密封管道排出， 排出的气态工质推动汽 轮机进行工作， 汽轮机转动转换为动能和 /或带动发电机发电；
③气态工质在推动汽轮机转动后排到冷凝腔中， 气态工质通过冷 凝腔中的热交换器降温、 降压变为液态工质；
④液态工质在冷凝腔中通过自动控制的电磁阀流到回流器中；
⑤液态工质在回流器中通过自动控制的电磁阀回流到蒸发腔的蒸 发腔中。
本发明采用热泵原理以及热管原理充分吸收空气或海洋或河水 或地热中的热量， 把热能转化为动能或电能， 在转化过程过能量损失 极少， 热能利用率高， 通过热泵内部工质物理状态的变化源源不断的 吸收空气或海洋或河水或地热中的热量， 从而不断的给汽轮机以动 力， 带动汽轮机做功， 以持续的给外界输出能量。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的流程示意图之一， 图中冷凝腔内设置的是热泵冷 源热交换器；
图 2是本发明的流程示意图之二， 图中冷凝腔内设置的是与外界 冷热交换的热交换器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一歩说明， 参见图 1
—2：
本发明的利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置， 其原理是：通过热 泵原理充分吸收空气或海洋或河水或地热中的热量， 然后通过热管原 理转化为动能或电能。 其装置主要包括工质 11、 热泵 2、 与蒸发腔 1 相通的汽轮机 3、 与汽轮机 3相通的冷凝腔 4， 在冷凝腔 4与蒸发腔 1 之间串联一回流器 5， 回流器 5的进出口管路上设置有电磁阀 7， 蒸发 腔 1内设置有热泵热源， 冷凝腔 4内设置有热泵冷源热交换器 8或与 外界冷热交换的热交换器 12， 蒸发腔 1、 汽轮机 3、 冷凝腔 4、 电磁阀 7、 回流器 5、 电磁阀 7、 蒸发腔 1依次连接组成一个工质循环***， 汽轮机 3在工质循环***中进行不间断做功、 输出功率。
利用上述的装置将热能转化为动能和电能的方法过程如下： ①热泵 2工作吸收空气或海洋或河水或地热中的热量或 /和冷凝腔
4中的热量， 在蒸发腔 1释放出热量， 工质 11吸收蒸发腔 1中热泵热 源释放出的热量，工质 11吸热升温、蒸发成具有一定压力的气态工质；
②蒸发腔 1 的气态工质通过密封管道排出， 排出的气态工质推动 汽轮机 3进行工作，汽轮机 3转动转换为动能和 /或带动发电机发电；
③气态工质在推动汽轮机 3转动后排到冷凝腔 4中， 气态工质通 过冷凝腔 4中的热泵冷源热交换器 8或与外界冷热交换的热交换器 12 降温、 降压变为液态工质；
④液态工质在冷凝腔 4中通过自动控制的电磁阀 7流到回流器 5 中；
⑤液态工质在回流器 5中通过自动控制的电磁阀 7回流到蒸发腔 1 的蒸发腔中。
这样工质从液态到气态再到液态在工质循环***内完成一个循 环。
热泵冷源吸收的空气或海洋或河水或地热中的热量， 就是热能转 换成动能或电能的能量。
相关的计算公式如下：
热泵系数：
COP n =Q3/W4 = T3/ (T3-T4)；
汽轮机效率：
p = F/A; V = AL; W=pv = FL
汽轮机效率 ε = (Q1-Q2 ) /Ql = (pl-p2) vl/ plvl
= (F1-F2) L1/ F1L1
= (F1-F2) / Fl或 （pi- p2) / pi ;
其中： P为压强， v为体积； L为距离； Q为热能； W为推动功， W5为输出功， W4为输入功。
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例之一， 并非依此限制本 发明的保护范围， 故： 凡依本发明的结构、 形状、 原理所做的等 效变化， 均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置，其特征在于： 包括工质、 热泵、 与蒸发腔相通的汽轮机、 与汽轮机相通的冷凝腔， 在冷凝腔与 蒸发腔之间串联一回流器， 回流器的进出口管路上设置有电磁阀， 蒸 发腔内设置有热泵热源， 冷凝腔内设置有热泵冷源热交换器或与外界 冷热交换的热交换器， 蒸发腔、 汽轮机、 冷凝腔、 电磁阀、 回流器、 电磁阀、 蒸发腔依次连接组成一个工质循环***。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置， 其特征在于： 所述的工质循环***与外界相密封循环。
3、 利用根据权利要求 1所述的装置将热能转化为动能和电能的 方法， 其特征在于： 其方法如下：
①热泵工作吸收空气或海洋或河水或地热中的热量或 /和冷凝腔中 的热量， 在蒸发腔释放出热量， 工质吸收蒸发腔中热泵热源释放出的 热量， 工质吸热升温、 蒸发成具有一定压力的气态工质；
②蒸发腔的气态工质通过密封管道排出， 排出的气态工质推动汽 轮机进行工作， 汽轮机转动转换为动能和 /或带动发电机发电；
③气态工质在推动汽轮机转动后排到冷凝腔中， 气态工质通过冷 凝腔中的热交换器降温、 降压变为液态工质；
④液态工质在冷凝腔中通过自动控制的电磁阀流到回流器中；
⑤液态工质在回流器中通过自动控制的电磁阀回流到蒸发腔的蒸 发腔中。
PCT/CN2009/073651 2008-09-02 2009-09-01 利用热能转化为动能和电能的装置及其方法 WO2010025661A1 (zh)

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CN200810107057.6 2008-09-02

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CN101344078A (zh) * 2008-09-02 2009-01-14 应友正 一种利用空气热能转化为动能和电能的装置及其方法
CN102374701B (zh) * 2010-08-11 2016-06-08 广州朗天热能科技发展有限公司 使用低品位热能量获取机械能的热力循环方法及其装置
CN103775147B (zh) * 2013-01-28 2016-08-24 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 速度型机构用气体工质
CN104879943A (zh) * 2015-05-23 2015-09-02 孙学文 工质热机热水器
CN106595361B (zh) * 2017-01-09 2018-10-02 山东大学 重力回路热管***运行温度的优化方法及***的设计方法

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BE901144A (fr) * 1984-11-28 1985-03-15 Jacques Stulemeijer Installation de transformation d'energie calorifique en energie mecanique.
JPS62225778A (ja) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-03 Hisaka Works Ltd 深層海水供給装置
JPH07305637A (ja) * 1994-05-12 1995-11-21 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd ガスパイプラインの減圧設備
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