WO2010025641A1 - 激光调制器偏置控制方法和装置 - Google Patents
激光调制器偏置控制方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010025641A1 WO2010025641A1 PCT/CN2009/073058 CN2009073058W WO2010025641A1 WO 2010025641 A1 WO2010025641 A1 WO 2010025641A1 CN 2009073058 W CN2009073058 W CN 2009073058W WO 2010025641 A1 WO2010025641 A1 WO 2010025641A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bias control
- bias
- control voltage
- laser modulator
- input
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
- H04B10/505—Laser transmitters using external modulation
- H04B10/5057—Laser transmitters using external modulation using a feedback signal generated by analysing the optical output
- H04B10/50575—Laser transmitters using external modulation using a feedback signal generated by analysing the optical output to control the modulator DC bias
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0121—Operation of devices; Circuit arrangements, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- G02F1/0123—Circuits for the control or stabilisation of the bias voltage, e.g. automatic bias control [ABC] feedback loops
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/0327—Operation of the cell; Circuit arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/225—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure
- G02F1/2255—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure controlled by a high-frequency electromagnetic component in an electric waveguide structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/21—Thermal instability, i.e. DC drift, of an optical modulator; Arrangements or methods for the reduction thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a bias control method and apparatus for a laser modulator.
- the external modulation mode has the advantages of high rate, large extinction ratio, high input optical power, adjustable ⁇ , and insensitivity to wavelength, which can increase the transmission distance of the wavelength division system and increase the transmission speed. Therefore, the external modulation method is Wide range of applications in wavelength division systems.
- the operating point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator based on LiNb ⁇ 3 (lithium niobate) material is affected by temperature, mechanical stress, and device aging, the phase shift occurs, which affects the performance of the output optical signal.
- the modulator bias (BIAS) operating point needs to be feedback controlled to form a closed loop to ensure stable bias.
- the composition of the traditional bias control device is shown in Figure 1. It consists mainly of components such as modulators, drivers, signal generators, amplifiers, and related operators.
- the bias control device works as follows: The signal generator generates a low-frequency sinusoidal pilot signal, and controls the amplitude control of the high-speed communication electrical signal by a small ratio by controlling the gain control terminal of the lithium niobate driver (Amplitude Modulation) For AM). After Mach-Zehnder modulation by a lithium niobate modulator, it is converted into an optical signal output to the optical fiber line.
- Step S214 input a communication electrical signal at an input end of the modulator
- Step S216 The pilot signal outputted at the output is electrically-light converted, and is photodiode
- Step S218 The control program samples the signal detected by the PD, and amplifies and filters the signal. And inputting the amplified and filtered signal to the correlation operator;
- Step S220 the correlation operator performs a correlation operation on the input signal and the pilot signal to calculate a current offset error;
- Step S222 according to the current offset error size And polarity, adjusting the current bias control voltage to adjust the bias to the correct operating point direction; specifically, if the current bias error is low, step S224 is performed to increase the bias control voltage; if normal, execute Step S226, the bias voltage is not adjusted; if it is high, step S228 is performed to lower the bias control voltage.
- a small amplitude low frequency pilot signal is inserted into a communication signal of a modulator radio frequency (RF) electrode, and is modulated into an optical signal at a signal output position.
- the split pilot detects the modulated pilot signal.
- the detection signal is compared with the original signal in amplitude and phase, and the offset error is detected. After being integrated and amplified, it is output to the modulator BIAS electrode to control the bias phase of the modulator to maintain the stable operating point.
- the present invention provides a laser modulator bias control method and apparatus for solving the problems of slow convergence speed and long control time in the prior art bias control method. According to an aspect of the present invention, a laser modulator bias control method is provided.
- a laser modulator bias control method includes: when a laser modulator is activated, inputting a linearly varying bias control voltage at a bias electrode of the laser modulator, and acquiring an output optical power of the laser modulator, determining Presetting the bias control voltage corresponding to the working point; then, enabling the communication electrical signal of the laser modulator RF electrode, and amplitude modulating the communication electrical signal through the low frequency sinusoidal pilot signal, and simultaneously determining the offset at the bias electrode input Control voltage; sample the output optical signal of the laser modulator, compare the sampled optical signal with the pilot signal, and adjust the bias control voltage of the input bias electrode according to the comparison result.
- a laser modulator bias control device is provided.
- a laser modulator bias control apparatus includes: a photodiode, a first amplifier, a filter and a correlation operator, a control unit and a selection switch, wherein the photodiode is used to detect the output optical power of the laser modulator; the control unit is configured to input a linearly varying bias control voltage at the bias electrode input of the laser modulator, and Determining a bias control voltage corresponding to a preset operating point according to the output optical power detected by the photodiode; the correlation operator is configured to input the bias control voltage determined by the control unit to the bias electrode of the laser modulator; During the startup phase of the laser modulator, a linearly varying bias control voltage output from the control unit is coupled to the bias electrode, and the bias control voltage of the associated operator output is coupled to the bias during the normal operation of the laser modulator.
- Another laser modulator bias control device includes: a first input module, an acquisition module, a determination module, a second input module, and a regulation module.
- the first input module is configured to input a linearly varying bias control voltage at a bias electrode of the laser modulator;
- the acquisition module is configured to obtain an output optical power of the laser modulator;
- the determining module is configured to input the bias according to the first input module
- the control voltage and the output optical power obtained by the acquisition module are determined, and the bias control voltage corresponding to the preset operating point is determined;
- the second input module is configured to determine the offset determined by the biasing electrode input module during the normal working phase of the laser modulator
- the control voltage is used to adjust the bias control voltage input by the second input module according to the output optical power of the laser modulator and the input pilot signal during the normal working phase of the laser modulator.
- the characteristic of the modulator is scanned by inputting a linearly varying bias control voltage at the bias electrode of the laser modulator to obtain a bias corresponding to the preset operating point.
- the voltage is controlled, and the bias control voltage is used as the initial bias control voltage to perform closed-loop feedback control on the laser modulator, thereby shortening the time for the laser modulator to stabilize and improving the accuracy of the bias control.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the composition of a bias control device according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a lithium niobate bias control method according to the prior art
- FIG. 3 is a laser modulator bias control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the output power power characteristics of the laser modulator under the input of a linearly varying bias control voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 5 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a laser modulator bias control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 7 is a laser modulator bias control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 8A is a block diagram showing the structure of another laser modulator bias control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 8B is another laser modulator bias according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention is directed to the problem of achieving a stable operation time at the start of a laser modulator, and proposes a laser modulator bias control scheme in which a laser modulator is activated.
- a linearly varying bias control voltage is input to the bias electrode of the laser modulator, and the input and output characteristics of the modulator are scanned to determine a bias control voltage corresponding to the preset operating point.
- the bias control voltage as the initial bias control voltage, inputting the bias electrode in the normal working phase of the laser modulator, and performing closed-loop feedback control on the laser modulator.
- a laser modulator bias control device is first proposed.
- 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a laser modulator bias control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 It can be seen that the bias control device of the embodiment of the present invention adds a control unit and a selection switch to the conventional bias control device (shown in FIG. 1).
- the laser modulator bias control apparatus includes: a photodiode PD 31, a first amplifier 32, a filter 33, a signal generator 35, a correlation operator 34, and a control unit 36. And select switch 37.
- a photodiode PD 31 for detecting an output optical power of the laser modulator; one end of the first amplifier 32 is connected to the PD 31, and the other end is connected to the filter 33 for amplifying the output optical power detected by the PD 31, and The amplified output optical power is input to the filter 33; one end of the filter 33 is connected to the first amplifier 32, and the other end is connected to the correlation operator 34 for filtering the output optical power amplified by the first amplifier 32, And inputting the filtered output optical power to the correlation operator 34; one end of the correlation operator 34 is connected to the filter 33, and the other end is connected to the bias electrode of the laser modulator through the selection switch 37, and the correlation operator 34 is further connected to the signal generator 35 and a control unit 36, the bias electrode for bias control voltage input from the input control unit 36 to the laser modulator, and ⁇ photodiode PD 31 is detected by the first amplifier 32 and a filter
- the output optical power processed by the processor 33 is
- the selection switch 37 is connected to the control unit 36 and the correlation operator 34 for connecting the linearly varying bias control voltage outputted by the control unit 36 to the bias electrode during the laser modulator startup phase, and the laser modulator operates normally.
- the bias control voltage output from the correlation operator 34 is connected to the bias electrode.
- a second amplifier 38 may be added between the control unit 36 and the photodiode PD 31, as shown in FIG. 3, for detecting the optical power of the photodiode PD 31. Zoom in.
- an analog to digital converter may be included in control unit 36 for converting the output optical power to a digital quantity.
- control unit 36 may further include a scan generator for generating and outputting a linearly varying bias control voltage such that, in the case of such a continuously input bias control voltage, the output power of the laser modulator can be It shows a sinusoidal change as shown in Figure 4.
- a scan generator for generating and outputting a linearly varying bias control voltage such that, in the case of such a continuously input bias control voltage, the output power of the laser modulator can be It shows a sinusoidal change as shown in Figure 4.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a specific implementation of the above bias controller in a specific implementation process, the bias controller adopting an analog-digital hybrid circuit architecture.
- the hardware part consists of an MCU microprocessor, a transimpedance amplifier, a two-stage filter and a bias amplifier, and an adder.
- step-by-step control flow is mainly realized by MCU software programming.
- the traditional control flow is divided into two steps. First, open-loop control is performed to detect the output characteristics of the laser modulator, and the bias control voltage corresponding to the preset operating point is obtained. Then the obtained bias control is obtained.
- the voltage is input to the bias electrode as an initial value, and closed-loop control is performed to track the characteristic drift and shorten the control stabilization time.
- a laser modulator bias control method which can be implemented by using the above-described bias control device. 6 is a control flow of a laser modulator bias control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
- the laser modulator bias control method mainly includes the following processing steps: Step S602: When the laser modulator is activated, a linearly varying bias control voltage is input to the bias electrode of the laser modulator.
- Step S604 enabling the input of the signal of the RF modulator of the laser modulator, and passing the low frequency sinusoidal guide The frequency signal amplitude modulates the input signal, and simultaneously inputs the determined bias control voltage at the bias electrode;
- step S606 sampling the output optical signal of the laser modulator, and comparing the sampled optical signal with the pilot signal According to the result of the comparison, the bias control voltage at the bias electrode input is adjusted.
- Step S602 When the laser modulator is activated, first disconnect the communication signal input by the RF electrode and the related operation The input of the device is then controlled by the control unit's scan generator at a bias voltage of the laser modulator's bias electrode. Under the bias voltage, the laser modulator can output at the output as shown in Fig. 4. The sinusoidal output optical power shown, PD can detect the output optical power, and after amplification and analog/digital change, the corresponding relationship between the input bias control voltage and the output optical power can be obtained.
- the preset working point is generally a point corresponding to the maximum value, the minimum value, or the intermediate value of the output optical power
- the preset working point corresponding to The bias control voltage corresponding to the output optical power, that is, the bias control voltage corresponding to the preset operating point.
- the processing of this step is actually an open loop control process, the purpose of which is to obtain the bias control voltage corresponding to the preset working point.
- This step turns off the communication signal, and the input bias control voltage and output light can be detected within tens of milliseconds. The corresponding relationship of the powers, thereby obtaining the bias control voltage of the correct operating point.
- Step S604 In this step, the communication signal input by the RF modulator of the laser modulator is turned on, and a low frequency sinusoidal pilot signal is generated by the signal generator to amplitude modulate the communication signal before the input RF pole, and the control unit will The bias control voltage determined in step S602 is output to the correlation operator, which outputs it as an initial bias control voltage to the bias control electrode.
- Step S606 the PD photoelectrically converts the output optical signal of the laser modulator, obtains an output signal for amplification and filtering, and outputs it to the correlation operator, and the related operator inputs the optical signal and the signal generator.
- the input pilot signals are compared, and the bias control voltage of the bias electrodes is adjusted based on the result of the comparison.
- the processing of this step is the same as the traditional bias control process.
- the offset control is adjusted. Voltage, in the case of a curve drift, keep the modulator operating point at the position of optical power Pmax, Pmin or (Pmax + Pmin) 12.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a specific implementation of a laser modulator bias control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the specific implementation of the method mainly includes the following steps: Step S702: Turn off the communication electrical signal; Step S704 : The control voltage is linearly scanned and output to the modulator bias control terminal via DAC1.
- Step S706 ADC1 sampling And detecting, by the photodiode PD, the amplified PD voltage signal indicating the optical power;
- Step S708 storing the optical power corresponding to each of the bias voltages;
- Step S710 determining whether the scanning is finished, and if yes, executing step S712, otherwise, returning Step S704; After the scanning is finished, according to the stored optical power corresponding to each bias voltage, the bias characteristic table of the modulator can be obtained;
- Step S712 The voltage corresponding to the bias operating point is obtained according to the demand lookup table.
- the above steps S702 - S712 are the scanning flow of the open loop control.
- the closed loop control feedback flow is basically the same as the conventional lithium niobate bias control method shown in FIG.
- Step S714 Controlling the enable communication electrical signal
- Step S716 DAC1 outputs a pilot signal, and the pilot signal passes After the electro-optical conversion is detected by the photodiode PD
- Step S718 ADC0 samples the signal detected by the PD, and amplifies and filters the signal
- Step S720 Perform correlation operation using the amplified and filtered signal and the pilot signal, and calculate Current offset error
- Step S722 The current bias voltage is adjusted according to the magnitude and polarity of the current offset error.
- step S724 is performed to increase the bias control voltage; if normal, step S726 is performed, and the bias control voltage is not adjusted; if it is high, step S728 is performed to lower the bias control voltage. Since the open-loop control scanning process has established an initial bias control voltage, the closed-loop control feedback process does not require excessive adjustments to achieve bias stabilization.
- a laser modulator bias control device which can implement the above method. 8A is a block diagram showing the structure of a laser modulator bias control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8B is a block diagram showing the structure of a laser modulator bias control device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
- a laser modulator bias control apparatus includes: a first input module 80, an acquisition module 82, a determination module 84, a second input module 86, and a regulation module 88.
- the various modules described above are further described below in conjunction with the drawings.
- the first input module 80 is coupled to the bias electrode of the laser modulator for inputting a linearly varying bias control voltage at the bias electrode of the laser modulator;
- the acquisition module 82 is coupled to the output of the laser modulator for acquiring the laser
- the output optical power of the modulator is connected to the first input module 80 and the acquisition module 82 for determining and presetting according to the bias control voltage input by the first input module 80 and the output optical power obtained by the acquisition module 82.
- the second input module 86 is coupled to the determining module 84 and the bias electrode of the laser modulator for the bias control voltage determined by the bias electrode input determining module 84; the regulating module 88 and the obtaining
- the module 82 and the second input module 86 are connected to adjust the bias control voltage of the second input module input 86 according to the output optical power of the laser modulator acquired by the acquisition module 82 and the input pilot signal.
- the obtaining module 82 can include: a detecting submodule 822, a processing submodule 824, and an obtaining submodule 826, as shown in FIG. 8B.
- the detecting sub-module 822 is configured to detect the output optical power of the laser modulator during the input of the bias control voltage by the first input module 80.
- the processing sub-module 824 is connected to the detecting sub-module 822 for the detecting sub-module.
- the output optical power detected by 822 is amplified and analog-digital converted; the acquisition sub-module 826 is connected to the detection sub-module 824 for obtaining The output optical power processed by the processing sub-module 824 is taken.
- a linearly varying bias control voltage is input to the bias electrode of the laser modulator, and the input and output characteristics of the modulator are scanned, thereby obtaining
- the operating point of the laser modulator corresponds to a bias control voltage
- the bias control voltage is input to the bias control electrode as an initial bias control voltage when the laser modulator operates normally, and the bias is offset according to the deviation in operation.
- Set the control voltage to adjust. Since the initial bias control voltage can be detected within tens of milliseconds after the communication signal is turned off, in the working phase, only the offset operating point drift caused by external factors needs to be tracked, so that the laser modulator can be shortened to a stable time.
- modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed over a network composed of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device, such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or they may be Multiple modules or steps are made into a single integrated circuit module.
- the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
- the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
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Description
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP09811016.6A EP2333915B1 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-08-03 | Method and device of bias control of laser modulator |
US13/061,709 US8320775B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-08-03 | Method and device for bias control of a laser MZ modulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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CN200810215037.0 | 2008-09-05 | ||
CN2008102150370A CN101354515B (zh) | 2008-09-05 | 2008-09-05 | 激光调制器偏置控制方法和装置 |
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WO2010025641A1 true WO2010025641A1 (zh) | 2010-03-11 |
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PCT/CN2009/073058 WO2010025641A1 (zh) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-08-03 | 激光调制器偏置控制方法和装置 |
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US (1) | US8320775B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2333915B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101354515B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010025641A1 (zh) |
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CN101354515B (zh) | 2012-04-04 |
EP2333915A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
US20110164300A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
US8320775B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
EP2333915A4 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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