WO2010016353A1 - Biological model for ultrasonic examination - Google Patents

Biological model for ultrasonic examination Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010016353A1
WO2010016353A1 PCT/JP2009/062440 JP2009062440W WO2010016353A1 WO 2010016353 A1 WO2010016353 A1 WO 2010016353A1 JP 2009062440 W JP2009062440 W JP 2009062440W WO 2010016353 A1 WO2010016353 A1 WO 2010016353A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pseudo
model
ultrasonic
lesioned
puncture
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PCT/JP2009/062440
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
洋 穴井
幸彦 村田
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テルモ株式会社
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Application filed by テルモ株式会社 filed Critical テルモ株式会社
Priority to JP2010523809A priority Critical patent/JP5214733B2/en
Publication of WO2010016353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010016353A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/285—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for injections, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, sigmoidscopy, insertion of contraceptive devices or enemas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a biological model for ultrasonic examination.
  • an ultrasonic examination apparatus is used when examining a lesion occurring in an organ such as the liver.
  • an ultrasonic inspection apparatus generates (transmits) an ultrasonic wave, receives an ultrasonic wave (echo) reflected by a lesioned part, and a probe (probe) through the probe.
  • the processing unit that processes the received data and the monitor (display) that displays the data processed by the processing unit as an image.
  • the lesion (image) displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus is observed, and processing (treatment) such as puncture with a puncture needle is performed on the lesion.
  • training may be performed in advance.
  • a model composed of a model main body forming a rectangular parallelepiped and a pseudo-lesion (pseudoprostate) embedded in the model main body is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).
  • the model body is transparent to such an extent that the inside of the model body can be visually recognized.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part is made opaque by coloring.
  • the living body model described in Patent Document 1 is suitable for getting used to the handling of an ultrasonic examination apparatus, but is different from an actual human body (clinically) in which a lesioned part cannot be visually recognized from the outside. Since the pseudo-lesioned part can be visually recognized from the outside through the main body, the position and size thereof can be easily confirmed. For this reason, the puncture process can be easily performed on the pseudo-lesioned portion, and the training is not suitable for clinical practice of puncturing while looking at the monitor.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a biological model for ultrasonic examination that can perform training for reliably processing a pseudo-lesioned portion that cannot be visually recognized from the outside, such as a lesioned portion generated in a biological tissue, under an ultrasonic guide. Is to provide.
  • the present invention provides: A biological model for ultrasonic examination used under an ultrasonic guide, A model body that is composed of an opaque elastic material having ultrasonic transmission properties similar to a human tissue, imitating a biological tissue, Embedded in the model body, and is made of an elastic material having a different color and ultrasonic transmission from the model body, and includes at least one pseudo-lesioned part imitating a lesioned part generated in a living tissue
  • a biopsy model for ultrasonic examination characterized in that puncture training can be performed toward the pseudo-lesioned portion under the ultrasonic guide with respect to the model body whose interior is not visible.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part has higher ultrasonic transmission than the model body.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part appears to be reflected from the model body, and thus the size, shape, and position of the pseudo-lesioned part can be reliably confirmed (understood). .
  • the model body is made of a resin material containing a material that changes ultrasonic transmission.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part is made of a resin material containing a colorant.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part has a higher hardness than the model body.
  • the color of the model body is preferably white or light.
  • the color of the pseudo-lesioned portion is black or dark.
  • the puncture state can be surely confirmed from the sampling result.
  • the model body has a columnar shape or a dome shape.
  • the pseudo-lesioned portion has a spherical shape.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part simulates a lesioned part such as a tumor.
  • the two pseudo-lesioned portions are arranged so that their heights are different from each other when the biological model for ultrasonic examination is used.
  • the two pseudo-lesioned portions are different from each other in at least one of a size, a shape, and a hardness.
  • the puncture operation training is performed when the sizes are different, first, the puncture practice is performed on the larger lesion part, and then on the smaller lesion part. You can practice puncture. Thereby, reliable puncture operation can be acquired easily.
  • the model body preferably has a laminated structure composed of a high-rigidity layer and a low-rigidity layer having different hardnesses.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part is located in the high-rigidity layer.
  • the model body is composed of a through-hole penetrating the model body or a tube inserted into the through-hole, and has a pseudo-luminal part imitating a blood vessel or a bile duct. It is preferable to have.
  • the pseudo-luminal part is arranged so as to be positioned below the pseudo-lesioned part when using the biological model for ultrasonic examination. preferable.
  • the pseudo lumen portion is branched into a plurality of portions.
  • the puncture action is performed on the branched portion of the pseudo-lumen portion, or vice versa, so that the branched portion of the pseudo-lumen portion is not punctured. It is possible to perform a puncture act avoiding the part.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a plan view of the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (first example of use) of using the ultrasonic examination biological model shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (first usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (first usage example) of using the ultrasonic examination biological model shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for step by step explaining an example (first usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing the biological model for ultrasonic examination displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus in the state shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing the liver projected on the monitor of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for step by step explaining an example (second usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (second usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for sequentially explaining an example (first usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is shown on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus in the state shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing the liver projected on the monitor of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus
  • FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are the ultrasonic inspections shown in FIG. 1, respectively.
  • FIGS. 1, 3 to 6, 9 and 10 (the same applies to FIG. 11) is “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is “lower” or Say “down”.
  • a biological model for ultrasonic examination (hereinafter simply referred to as “biological model”) 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 imitates the liver (biological tissue) of a human body (or animal).
  • biological model imitates the liver (biological tissue) of a human body (or animal).
  • the puncture needle of the biopsy needle 30 is applied to the lesion, for example.
  • a puncture process is performed at 301 (see, for example, FIGS. 3 to 6).
  • the living body model 1 is used for training for performing this treatment under an ultrasonic guide.
  • the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 generates (transmits) an ultrasonic wave U, and receives a ultrasonic wave U (echo) reflected by the lesioned part (pseudo-lesioned part 3a and 3b). 10), a processing unit (not shown) that processes data received via the probe 201, and a monitor (not shown) that displays the data processed by the processing unit as an image. (See, for example, FIG. 3).
  • the biological model 1 has a model body 2 and two pseudo lesions 3 a and 3 b embedded in the model body 2.
  • the configuration of each unit will be described.
  • the model body 2 corresponds to a part of the liver of the human body and has a cylindrical shape.
  • the probe 201 of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 is brought into contact with (mounted on) the upper surface 21 of the model main body 2, and the ultrasonic wave U is generated in this state (see FIG. 3).
  • the puncture needle 301 of the biopsy needle 30 from any direction around the axis of the model main body 2 with respect to each pseudo-lesioned portion 3a, 3b embedded in the model main body 2 is obtained.
  • Can be punctured As shown in FIG. 4, with respect to the pseudo-lesioned part 3a, the reach distance from the left side in the figure, that is, from the surface of the model body 2 to the pseudo-lesioned part 3a is relatively short (the pseudo-lesioned part 3a is reached). Can be punctured from a position that is easy to do). Further, for the pseudo-lesioned part 3b, the puncture is performed from the right side in FIG. can do.
  • the model body 2 is made of an elastic material having ultrasonic transmission properties similar to a human tissue.
  • the base material of the elastic material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a gel material having an acrylic resin as one of the constituent materials. This gel-like material is a solid and its flexibility is relatively close to that of the human body.
  • the elastic material constituting the model main body 2 contains a material that changes the transmissibility of the ultrasonic wave U (hereinafter, this material is referred to as a “transmissibility change material”).
  • a transmissibility changing material is a material that reflects or attenuates the ultrasonic wave U, for example, metal oxide fine particles, and preferably alumina oxide.
  • the shape of the transmissibility changing material is not limited to fine particles, and may be, for example, a fiber shape.
  • alumina oxide is used as the transmissibility changing material, the model body 2 becomes white and opaque (depending on the content thereof) (the inside becomes opaque to the extent that the inside cannot be seen). Thereby, the pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b cannot be visually recognized. In other words, the pseudo lesioned portions 3a and 3b cannot be confirmed unless the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 is used (not under the ultrasonic guide).
  • the pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b are each composed of a sphere and imitate a lesioned portion (tumor) generated in the liver. Since each pseudo lesioned part 3a, 3b is embedded in the model main body 2, it cannot be visually recognized from the outside like a lesioned part actually generated in the liver.
  • the constituent material constituting the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the constituent material constituting the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are the same, the constituent material of the pseudo-lesioned part 3a will be typically described below.
  • the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is made of an elastic material having ultrasonic transmission properties.
  • the elastic material is not particularly limited, and for example, similarly to the model main body 2, a gel-like material having an acrylic resin as one of the constituent materials can be used.
  • the elastic material constituting the pseudo-lesioned part 3a contains a colorant.
  • the colorant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include carbon-based fine particles such as ink and graphite. Such a colorant is itself black, and the elastic material in which it is mixed also becomes black or dark. Thereby, the color of the pseudo lesioned part 3a is different from the color of the model main body 2. Since the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is colored black or dark, when the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is punctured with the puncture needle 301, the puncture state of the puncture needle 301 with respect to the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a can be reliably confirmed from the sampling result. it can.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a does not contain a material that changes the transmissibility of the ultrasonic wave U like the above-described alumina oxide. Thereby, the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a has higher ultrasonic transmission than the model main body 2.
  • the model body 2 appears white and the pseudo lesion 3a appears black (see FIG. 7). Thereby, it appears that the pseudo lesioned part 3a appears on the monitor more than the model main body 2, and thus the position and size of the pseudo lesioned part 3a can be confirmed with certainty.
  • the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a has been described as an example that does not contain a transmissible change material. However, the amount of transmissible change smaller than that amount in the elastic material constituting the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is described. You may contain a material in the pseudo-lesioned part 3a. Further, the pseudo lesioned part 3 a may contain more transmissible change material than the model main body 2. In this case, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a appears whiter on the monitor than the model body 2.
  • the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is lower in flexibility than the model body 2, that is, harder, although it depends on the type of acrylic resin used as one of the constituent materials, for example.
  • the puncture needle 301 of the biopsy needle 30 is punctured from the upper surface 21 of the model body 2
  • the biopsy needle 30 is gripped when the needle tip 302 of the puncture needle 301 reaches the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a. It can be felt that the hardness of the living body model 1 changes in the hand. With this sensation and confirmation of the image on the monitor of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20, it is possible to reliably recognize that the needle tip 302 of the puncture needle 301 has reached the pseudo lesioned part 3a.
  • the model body 2 has the pseudo lesion portion 3b made of the same material as the pseudo lesion portion 3a embedded therein.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are different in size from each other. That is, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a is larger than the pseudo-lesioned part 3b.
  • puncture practice is performed with the larger pseudo-lesioned portion 3a, and then puncture practice is performed with the smaller-sized pseudo-lesioned portion 3b. Yes (see FIGS. 3-6). Thereby, reliable puncture operation can be acquired easily.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b have different hardness (flexibility). Accordingly, for example, when there are a plurality of lesions having different hardnesses in the liver, it is possible to perform training so that the puncture operation can be reliably performed on each lesion.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are arranged so as to have different heights when the biological model 1 is used.
  • the pseudo lesioned part 3a is located above the pseudo lesioned part 3b.
  • the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a and the pseudo-lesioned portion 3b have the same shape in the illustrated configuration, that is, a spherical shape, but are not limited thereto, and may be different from each other, for example.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b have different shapes, for example, one can be a sphere and the other can be a cuboid or a cylinder.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are made of the same material, they have the same hardness.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the hardness may be different from each other.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are arranged apart from each other in the radial direction of the biological model 1 (model body 2) in plan view. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably grasp how many pseudo-lesioned portions are embedded in the biological model 1 under the ultrasound guide.
  • the model main body 2 is formed with a through hole 22 that passes through the model main body 2 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis thereof.
  • the through-hole 22 has a Y shape in plan view, that is, the middle is branched into a plurality (two in the illustrated configuration).
  • a tube 4 made of a flexible material is further inserted into the through hole 22.
  • the tube 4 functions as a pseudo bile duct (pseudo lumen portion) 41 that imitates a bile duct.
  • the above-described through hole 22 is branched in the middle, and the tube 4 (pseudo-bile duct 41) inserted into the through hole 22 is also branched in the middle. Thereby, the branch part 42 is formed in the pseudo bile duct 41.
  • a puncturing action is performed on the branching portion 42, or conversely, the branching portion 42 is avoided so as not to puncture the pseudomorphic portion 42.
  • a puncture action can be performed on a portion other than the branching portion 42 of the bile duct 41.
  • the tube 4 has three end portions protruding from the outer peripheral surface (side surface) 23 of the model main body 2.
  • the protruding end portions function as ports 24a, 24b, and 24c through which the liquid L flows in and out, respectively.
  • the circulation circuit through which the liquid L circulates can be comprised.
  • Such a pseudo bile duct 41 is arranged so as to be positioned below the pseudo lesions 3a and 3b when the living body model 1 is used. Thereby, when performing puncture training, it is possible to perform training to puncture the pseudo bile duct 41 while avoiding the pseudo lesioned portions 3a and 3b (see FIGS. 9 and 10).
  • the tube 4 can be omitted.
  • the through hole 22 of the model body 2 functions as a pseudo bile duct.
  • the tube 4 can imitate a bile duct and can imitate a human blood vessel.
  • the biological model 1 having the above-described configuration can be manufactured by a manufacturing method as described below, for example.
  • a mold having a spherical cavity is filled with a liquid material (a liquid resin material containing a colorant) that can form the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a. And this pseudo-lesioned part 3a is obtained by solidifying and releasing this liquid material.
  • the pseudo lesioned part 3b can also be obtained by the same method as the pseudo lesioned part 3a.
  • a mold having a cylindrical cavity is filled with a liquid material (a liquid resin material containing a transmissible change material) that can constitute the model body 2.
  • a liquid material a liquid resin material containing a transmissible change material
  • the obtained pseudo lesioned portions 3a and 3b are maintained and buried at desired positions.
  • the biological material 1 is obtained by solidifying and releasing the liquid material in the cavity.
  • the pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b cannot be visually recognized.
  • the positions of the pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b are determined based on the image displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus 20. And the size (shape) can be confirmed.
  • the biopsy needle 30 While observing the monitor image of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 and adjusting the probe 201 to the optimum angle, the biopsy needle 30 is used with the other hand as shown in FIG. Puncture from the upper surface 21 toward the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a.
  • the monitor image is two-dimensional
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3a actually exists in three dimensions, so the probe 201 carefully searches the position of the pseudo-lesioned part 3a in the head.
  • the puncture position and angle (puncture angle) of the biopsy needle 30 with respect to the pseudo lesioned part 3a are determined.
  • the puncture button 303 of the biopsy needle 30 is pressed from the state shown in FIG. As a result, the hollow inner needle 304 housed in the puncture needle 301 protrudes into the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a (see FIG. 5). A portion 32 of the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is cut out in the protruding inner needle 304 (coring).
  • the biopsy needle 30 is removed from the biological model 1. Thereby, sampling is obtained.
  • a circulation circuit of the liquid L passing through the pseudo bile duct 41 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is configured.
  • a tube 40 branched in half along the way is prepared, and the three ends 401 of the tube 40 are connected to the ports 24a to 24c of the biological model 1, respectively.
  • a tank 50 filled (stored) with the liquid L and a pump 60 for generating a flow of the liquid L are installed in the middle of the tube 40.
  • the liquid L in the tank 50 flows down the tube 40 and the pseudo bile duct 41 sequentially in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and circulates back to the tank 50 via the pump 60.
  • the hollow puncture part (outer needle) 801 of the puncture needle 80 to which the inner needle 701 of the puncture needle 70 is connected (inserted) is removed. Puncture from the upper surface 21 of the biological model 1 toward the pseudo bile duct 41. At this time, the puncture needle 80 can be punctured toward the pseudo bile duct 41 while avoiding the pseudo lesions 3a and 3b.
  • the monitor image obtained by the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 and the liquid that has flowed into the puncture needle 70 via the puncture needle 80 L confirms the reservation.
  • the inner needle 701 of the puncture needle 70 is removed from the puncture needle 80, and the guide wire 90 is connected via the puncture portion (outer needle) 801 of the puncture needle 80. It feeds into the pseudo bile duct 41 (see FIG. 10). As a result, the guide wire 90 can be placed in the pseudo bile duct 41.
  • the guide wire placement training can be performed.
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention.
  • This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the shape of the biological model for ultrasonic examination is different.
  • the overall shape of the model main body 2A has a dome shape (mountain shape), which is similar to a breast.
  • the model body 2A has a laminated structure. That is, the model main body 2 ⁇ / b> A includes a high-rigidity layer 25 and a low-rigidity layer 26 laminated on the high-rigidity layer 25.
  • the high rigidity layer 25 is a layer having higher rigidity than the low rigidity layer 26.
  • the low-rigidity layer 26 imitates a fat tissue located under the breast.
  • the high-rigidity layer 25 imitates the mammary gland located on the back side of the adipose tissue of the breast and the surrounding area.
  • a protrusion 27 simulating a teat is provided on the top of the low-rigidity layer 26 (model main body 2A).
  • Each of the high-rigidity layer 25 and the low-rigidity layer 26 is a gel-like material having an acrylic resin containing a material that changes ultrasonic transmission as one of the constituent materials, as in the model main body 2 of the first embodiment. It consists of The material that changes the ultrasonic transmission property is less in the high-rigidity layer 25 than in the low-rigidity layer 26, and is not contained in the pseudo-lesioned portion 3c described later. Further, the difference in rigidity (hardness) between the high-rigidity layer 25 and the low-rigidity layer 26 is caused by a difference in the amount of acrylamide compounded in each layer.
  • the high rigidity layer 25 has a larger amount of acrylamide than the low rigidity layer 26.
  • the protrusion 27 can be made of the same material as the low-rigidity layer 26.
  • a pseudo-lesioned portion 3c is arranged in the high-rigidity layer 25 .
  • This pseudo-lesioned part 3c imitates a tumor (breast cancer) generated in the mammary gland.
  • This pseudo-lesioned part 3 c is harder than the high-rigidity layer 25.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part 3c is made of an acrylic resin material containing a colorant, like the pseudo-lesioned parts 3a and 3b of the first embodiment.
  • the difference in rigidity (hardness) between the pseudo-lesioned part 3c and the high-rigidity layer 25 is caused by the difference in the amount of acrylamide compounded in each. In the pseudo-lesioned part 3c, the amount of acrylamide is larger than that of the high-rigidity layer 25.
  • the pseudo lesion portion 3c that cannot be visually recognized from the outside, such as a tumor generated in the breast of the human body, It is possible to perform training to perform the puncture process reliably under an ultrasonic guide.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention has been described.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and each part constituting the biological model for ultrasonic examination has the same function. It can be replaced with any configuration that can be exhibited. Moreover, arbitrary components may be added.
  • the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations (features) of the above embodiments.
  • the biological model for ultrasonic examination is not limited to a model simulating the liver or breast, but may be a model simulating an organ such as the stomach or intestine.
  • the number of pseudo lesions is not limited to one or two, and may be three or more, for example.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part is made of an elastic material, it may be made of a gel-like material, for example.
  • the pseudo-lesioned part is made of a gel-like material, the material can be sucked with a syringe, for example.
  • the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention is a biological model for ultrasonic examination used under an ultrasonic guide, and is composed of an opaque elastic material having an ultrasonic transmission property similar to a human tissue.
  • the model main body that is provided with a pseudo-lesioned part and whose inside cannot be visually recognized can be trained for puncture toward the pseudo-lesioned part under the ultrasonic guide. Therefore, the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention has industrial applicability.

Abstract

A biological model for ultrasonic examination to be used under ultrasonic guidance which is provided with a model main body comprising an opaque and elastic material having ultrasonic wave transmission characteristics closely similar to human tissues and simulating a vital tissue, and at least one simulated lesion part being embedded inside the model main body, comprising an elastic material differing in color and ultrasonic wave transmission level from the model main body and simulating a lesion occurring in the vital tissue.  By using this model wherein the inside of the model main body is invisible, puncture training toward the simulated lesion can be made under ultrasonic guidance.

Description

超音波検査用生体モデルBiological model for ultrasonic examination
　本発明は、超音波検査用生体モデルに関する。 The present invention relates to a biological model for ultrasonic examination.
　例えば肝臓等の臓器に生じた病変部を検査する際には、超音波検査装置が用いられている。超音波検査装置は、一般的に、超音波を発生させ（送信し）、該発生した超音波が病変部で反射した超音波（エコー）を受信するプローブ（探触子）と、プローブを介して受信したデータを処理する処理部と、処理部によって処理されたデータを画像として表示するモニタ（ディスプレイ）とで構成されている。病変部検査では、超音波検査装置のモニタに表示された病変部（画像）を観察しつつ、当該病変部に対し、例えば穿刺針で穿刺する等の処理（処置）を施す。 For example, an ultrasonic examination apparatus is used when examining a lesion occurring in an organ such as the liver. In general, an ultrasonic inspection apparatus generates (transmits) an ultrasonic wave, receives an ultrasonic wave (echo) reflected by a lesioned part, and a probe (probe) through the probe. The processing unit that processes the received data and the monitor (display) that displays the data processed by the processing unit as an image. In the lesion examination, the lesion (image) displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus is observed, and processing (treatment) such as puncture with a puncture needle is performed on the lesion.
　ところで、病変部検査で穿刺針によって穿刺処理を行うには、事前に、その訓練をする場合がある。この訓練を行うための生体モデルとしては、直方体をなすモデル本体と、モデル本体内に埋設された疑似病変部（疑似前立腺）とで構成されたものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。特許文献１に記載の生体モデルでは、モデル本体は、その内部を視認可能な程度に透明性を有するものである。また、疑似病変部は、着色により不透明化されたものである。 By the way, in order to perform puncture processing with a puncture needle in a lesion examination, training may be performed in advance. As a biological model for performing this training, a model composed of a model main body forming a rectangular parallelepiped and a pseudo-lesion (pseudoprostate) embedded in the model main body is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ). In the living body model described in Patent Document 1, the model body is transparent to such an extent that the inside of the model body can be visually recognized. Moreover, the pseudo-lesioned part is made opaque by coloring.
　しかしながら、この特許文献１に記載の生体モデルは、超音波検査装置の取り扱いに慣れるのには適しているが、病変部が外部から視認できない実際の人体（臨床上）とは異なり、透明なモデル本体を介して疑似病変部が外部から視認可能であるため、その位置や大きさ等を容易に確認することができてしまう。このため、疑似病変部に対し穿刺処理を容易に施すことができ、モニタを見ながら穿刺するという臨床に即した訓練にならない。 However, the living body model described in Patent Document 1 is suitable for getting used to the handling of an ultrasonic examination apparatus, but is different from an actual human body (clinically) in which a lesioned part cannot be visually recognized from the outside. Since the pseudo-lesioned part can be visually recognized from the outside through the main body, the position and size thereof can be easily confirmed. For this reason, the puncture process can be easily performed on the pseudo-lesioned portion, and the training is not suitable for clinical practice of puncturing while looking at the monitor.
特開２００２－３６０５７２号公報JP 2002-360572 A
　本発明の目的は、生体組織に生じた病変部のように外部から視認不可能な疑似病変部に対し、超音波ガイド下で確実に処理を施す訓練を行うことができる超音波検査用生体モデルを提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a biological model for ultrasonic examination that can perform training for reliably processing a pseudo-lesioned portion that cannot be visually recognized from the outside, such as a lesioned portion generated in a biological tissue, under an ultrasonic guide. Is to provide.
　上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、
　超音波ガイド下で用いられる超音波検査用生体モデルであって、
　人体組織に近似した超音波伝達性を有する不透明な弾性材料で構成され、生体組織を模したモデル本体と、
　前記モデル本体の内部に埋設されており、該モデル本体と色および超音波伝達性の程度が異なる弾性材料で構成され、生体組織に生じた病変部を模した少なくとも１つの疑似病変部とを備えており、内部が視認不可能な前記モデル本体に対して前記超音波ガイド下で前記疑似病変部に向けて穿刺の訓練ができることを特徴とする超音波検査用生体モデルである。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides:
A biological model for ultrasonic examination used under an ultrasonic guide,
A model body that is composed of an opaque elastic material having ultrasonic transmission properties similar to a human tissue, imitating a biological tissue,
Embedded in the model body, and is made of an elastic material having a different color and ultrasonic transmission from the model body, and includes at least one pseudo-lesioned part imitating a lesioned part generated in a living tissue A biopsy model for ultrasonic examination, characterized in that puncture training can be performed toward the pseudo-lesioned portion under the ultrasonic guide with respect to the model body whose interior is not visible.
　これにより、人体や動物の生体組織に生じた病変部に対して確実に処理を施すことができるようにするために、この病変部と同様の条件、すなわち、外部から視認不可能な疑似病変部に対して超音波ガイド下でその処理を確実に施す訓練を行うことができる。 As a result, in order to be able to reliably perform treatment on lesions occurring in the body tissue of a human body or an animal, the same conditions as this lesion, that is, a pseudo-lesion that cannot be visually recognized from the outside Can be trained to reliably perform the treatment under the ultrasonic guide.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似病変部は、前記モデル本体よりも超音波伝達性が高いものであるのが好ましい。 In the living body model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pseudo-lesioned part has higher ultrasonic transmission than the model body.
　これにより、超音波ガイド下での画像では、疑似病変部がモデル本体よりも映えるように見え、よって、当該疑似病変部の大きさ、形状および位置を確実に確認する（把握する）ことができる。これにより、外部から視認不可能な（目視不可能な）生体組織の病変部に対し超音波ガイド下で処理を施すのと同様の訓練を行うことができる。 As a result, in the image under the ultrasound guide, the pseudo-lesioned part appears to be reflected from the model body, and thus the size, shape, and position of the pseudo-lesioned part can be reliably confirmed (understood). . As a result, it is possible to perform the same training as in a case where a lesioned part of a living tissue that is not visible from the outside (not visible) is processed under an ultrasonic guide.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記モデル本体は、超音波伝達性を変化させる材料を含有する樹脂材料で構成されているのが好ましい。 Further, in the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, it is preferable that the model body is made of a resin material containing a material that changes ultrasonic transmission.
　これにより、モデル本体が確実に不透明なものとなり、よって、目視では、疑似病変部を視認することができない。 This ensures that the model body is opaque, and thus the pseudo-lesioned part cannot be visually recognized.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似病変部は、着色剤を含有する樹脂材料で構成されているのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, it is preferable that the pseudo-lesioned part is made of a resin material containing a colorant.
　これにより、疑似病変部は、その色がモデル本体の色と異なるものとなる。 This will make the color of the pseudo-lesioned part different from the color of the model body.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似病変部は、前記モデル本体よりも硬さが高いものであるのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pseudo-lesioned part has a higher hardness than the model body.
　これにより、穿刺操作の過程で、その操作を行っている手に、当該超音波検査用生体モデルの硬さが変化するのが感じられる。この感覚と超音波ガイド下での画像の確認とで、疑似病変部を穿刺したのを確実に認識することができる。 This makes it possible to feel that the hardness of the biological model for ultrasonic examination changes in the hand performing the operation during the puncture operation. With this sense and confirmation of the image under the ultrasound guide, it is possible to reliably recognize that the pseudo-lesioned part has been punctured.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記モデル本体の色は、白色または明色であるのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, the color of the model body is preferably white or light.
　これにより、モデル本体が確実に不透明なものとなり、よって、目視では、疑似病変部を視認することができない。 This ensures that the model body is opaque, and thus the pseudo-lesioned part cannot be visually recognized.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似病変部の色は、黒色または暗色であるのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, it is preferable that the color of the pseudo-lesioned portion is black or dark.
　これにより、疑似病変部を生検針で穿刺した際、そのサンプリング結果から穿刺状態を確実に確認することができる。 Thus, when the pseudo lesion is punctured with the biopsy needle, the puncture state can be surely confirmed from the sampling result.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記モデル本体は、その形状が柱状またはドーム状をなすのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, it is preferable that the model body has a columnar shape or a dome shape.
　これにより、モデル本体に埋設されている疑似病変部に対し、当該モデル本体の軸周りのいかなる方向からも穿刺動作を行なうことができる。 This enables a puncturing operation to be performed on the pseudo lesioned part embedded in the model body from any direction around the axis of the model body.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似病変部は、その形状が球状をなすのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pseudo-lesioned portion has a spherical shape.
　これにより、疑似病変部は、例えば腫瘍のような病変部を模したものとなる。 Thus, the pseudo-lesioned part simulates a lesioned part such as a tumor.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似病変部は、２つ配置されているのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, it is preferable that two pseudo lesions are arranged.
　これにより、１つの超音波検査用生体モデルで、穿刺操作の訓練を２回行うことができる。 This makes it possible to perform puncture training twice with a single ultrasonic examination biological model.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記２つの疑似病変部は、当該超音波検査用生体モデルを使用する際に、互いに高さが異なるように配置されているのが好ましい。 Further, in the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, it is preferable that the two pseudo-lesioned portions are arranged so that their heights are different from each other when the biological model for ultrasonic examination is used.
　これにより、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、まず、モデル本体の外表面からの深さが浅い方の疑似病変部で穿刺の練習をし、次いで、深さが深い方の疑似病変部で穿刺の練習をすることができる。これにより、生体においてその病変部の深さに応じた確実な穿刺操作を容易に取得することができる。 As a result, when performing puncture operation training, first practice puncture at the pseudo-lesioned portion with the shallower depth from the outer surface of the model body, and then puncture with the pseudo-lesioned portion with the deeper depth. I can practice. Thereby, a reliable puncture operation according to the depth of the lesioned part in the living body can be easily acquired.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記２つの疑似病変部は、互いに大きさ、形状および硬さのうちの少なくとも１つの条件が異なるのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, it is preferable that the two pseudo-lesioned portions are different from each other in at least one of a size, a shape, and a hardness.
　これにより、例えば大きさが異なっている場合、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、まず、大きさが大きい方の疑似病変部で穿刺の練習をし、次いで、大きさが小さい方の疑似病変部で穿刺の練習をすることができる。これにより、確実な穿刺操作を容易に取得することができる。 Thus, for example, when the puncture operation training is performed when the sizes are different, first, the puncture practice is performed on the larger lesion part, and then on the smaller lesion part. You can practice puncture. Thereby, reliable puncture operation can be acquired easily.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記モデル本体は、硬さが異なる高剛性層と低剛性層とで構成された積層構造をなすのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, the model body preferably has a laminated structure composed of a high-rigidity layer and a low-rigidity layer having different hardnesses.
　これにより、より生体に近似した生体モデルとすることができる。 This makes it possible to obtain a living body model that more closely approximates the living body.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似病変部は、前記高剛性層内に位置しているのが好ましい。 In the biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pseudo-lesioned part is located in the high-rigidity layer.
　これにより、疑似病変部に対し、超音波ガイド下で確実に処理を施す訓練を行うことができる。 This makes it possible to perform training for reliably processing the pseudo-lesioned portion under an ultrasonic guide.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記モデル本体は、該モデル本体を貫通する貫通孔またはその貫通孔に挿入されたチューブで構成され、血管または胆管を模した疑似管腔部を有するのが好ましい。 Moreover, in the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, the model body is composed of a through-hole penetrating the model body or a tube inserted into the through-hole, and has a pseudo-luminal part imitating a blood vessel or a bile duct. It is preferable to have.
　これにより、血管または胆管のような生体管腔に対しても穿刺訓練を行なうことができる。 This enables puncture training to be performed on a biological lumen such as a blood vessel or a bile duct.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似管腔部は、当該超音波検査用生体モデルを使用する際に前記疑似病変部よりも下方に位置するように配置されているのが好ましい。 Moreover, in the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, the pseudo-luminal part is arranged so as to be positioned below the pseudo-lesioned part when using the biological model for ultrasonic examination. preferable.
　これにより、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、疑似病変部を避けつつ、疑似管腔部を穿刺する訓練をすることができる。 This makes it possible to perform training for puncturing the pseudo-luminal part while avoiding the pseudo-lesioned part when performing puncturing operation training.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルでは、前記疑似管腔部は、その途中が複数に分岐しているのが好ましい。 In the living body model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pseudo lumen portion is branched into a plurality of portions.
　これにより、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、例えば、疑似管腔部の分岐した部分に対して穿刺行為を行なったり、またはその反対に、疑似管腔部の分岐した部分を穿刺しないように、当該部分を避けた穿刺行為を行なったりすることができる。 Thus, when performing training for puncture operation, for example, the puncture action is performed on the branched portion of the pseudo-lumen portion, or vice versa, so that the branched portion of the pseudo-lumen portion is not punctured. It is possible to perform a puncture act avoiding the part.
図１は、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルの第１実施形態を示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a biological model for ultrasonic examination according to the present invention. 図２は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの平面図である。2 is a plan view of the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 図３は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第１使用例）を順を追って説明するための図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (first example of use) of using the ultrasonic examination biological model shown in FIG. 1. 図４は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第１使用例）を順を追って説明するための図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (first usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 図５は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第１使用例）を順を追って説明するための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (first usage example) of using the ultrasonic examination biological model shown in FIG. 1. 図６は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第１使用例）を順を追って説明するための図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram for step by step explaining an example (first usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1. 図７は、図５に示す状態で超音波検査装置のモニタに映し出された超音波検査用生体モデルを示す図面代用写真である。FIG. 7 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing the biological model for ultrasonic examination displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus in the state shown in FIG. 図８は、超音波検査装置のモニタに映し出された肝臓を示す図面代用写真である。FIG. 8 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing the liver projected on the monitor of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus. 図９は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第２使用例）を順を追って説明するための図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram for step by step explaining an example (second usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1. 図１０は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第２使用例）を順を追って説明するための図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram for step-by-step description of an example (second usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 図１１は、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルの第２実施形態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention.
　以下、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルを添付図面に示す好適な実施形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention will be described in detail based on a preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.
　＜第１実施形態＞
  図１は、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルの第１実施形態を示す斜視図、図２は、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの平面図、図３～図６は、それぞれ、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第１使用例）を順を追って説明するための図、図７は、図５に示す状態で超音波検査装置のモニタに映し出された超音波検査用生体モデルを示す図面代用写真、図８は、超音波検査装置のモニタに映し出された肝臓を示す図面代用写真、図９および図１０は、それぞれ、図１に示す超音波検査用生体モデルの使用方法の一例（第２使用例）を順を追って説明するための図である。なお、以下では、説明の都合上、図１、図３～図６、図９および図１０中（図１１についても同様）の上側を「上」または「上方」、下側を「下」または「下方」と言う。 <First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is a diagram for sequentially explaining an example (first usage example) of using the biological model for ultrasonic examination shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is shown on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus in the state shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing the liver projected on the monitor of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus, and FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are the ultrasonic inspections shown in FIG. 1, respectively. It is a figure for demonstrating later an example (2nd usage example) of the usage method of the biological model for medical use. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the upper side in FIGS. 1, 3 to 6, 9 and 10 (the same applies to FIG. 11) is “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is “lower” or Say “down”.
　図１および図２に示す超音波検査用生体モデル（以下単に「生体モデル」と言う）１は、人体（または動物）の肝臓（生体組織）を模したものである。肝臓に生じた病変部を検査する際、超音波検査装置２０のモニタ（図示せず）に表示された病変部（画像）を観察しつつ、当該病変部に対し、例えば生検針３０の穿刺針３０１で穿刺する処理（処置）を施す場合がある（例えば、図３～図６参照）。生体モデル１は、超音波ガイド下でこの処置を行う訓練に用いられる。 A biological model for ultrasonic examination (hereinafter simply referred to as “biological model”) 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 imitates the liver (biological tissue) of a human body (or animal). When inspecting a lesion occurring in the liver, while observing a lesion (image) displayed on a monitor (not shown) of the ultrasonic examination apparatus 20, the puncture needle of the biopsy needle 30 is applied to the lesion, for example. In some cases, a puncture process (treatment) is performed at 301 (see, for example, FIGS. 3 to 6). The living body model 1 is used for training for performing this treatment under an ultrasonic guide.
　超音波検査装置２０は、超音波Ｕを発生させ（送信し）、該発生した超音波Ｕが病変部（疑似病変部３ａおよび３ｂ）で反射した超音波Ｕ（エコー）を受信するプローブ（探触子）２０１と、プローブ２０１を介して受信したデータを処理する処理部（図示せず）と、処理部によって処理されたデータを画像として表示するモニタ（図示せず）とで構成されている（例えば、図３参照）。 The ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 generates (transmits) an ultrasonic wave U, and receives a ultrasonic wave U (echo) reflected by the lesioned part ( pseudo-lesioned part 3a and 3b). 10), a processing unit (not shown) that processes data received via the probe 201, and a monitor (not shown) that displays the data processed by the processing unit as an image. (See, for example, FIG. 3).
　図１、図２に示すように、生体モデル１は、モデル本体２と、モデル本体２の内部に埋設された２つの疑似病変部３ａおよび３ｂとを有している。以下、各部の構成について説明する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the biological model 1 has a model body 2 and two pseudo lesions 3 a and 3 b embedded in the model body 2. Hereinafter, the configuration of each unit will be described.
　モデル本体２は、人体の肝臓の一部に相当し、その形状が円柱状をなすものである。このモデル本体２の上面２１に超音波検査装置２０のプローブ２０１を当接させ（載置し）、この状態で超音波Ｕを発生させる（図３参照）。 The model body 2 corresponds to a part of the liver of the human body and has a cylindrical shape. The probe 201 of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 is brought into contact with (mounted on) the upper surface 21 of the model main body 2, and the ultrasonic wave U is generated in this state (see FIG. 3).
　モデル本体２がこのような形状をなすことにより、モデル本体２に埋設されている各疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂに対し、当該モデル本体２の軸周りのいかなる方向からも生検針３０の穿刺針３０１によって穿刺することができる。例えば、図４に示すように、疑似病変部３ａに対しては、図中左側、すなわち、モデル本体２の表面から疑似病変部３ａまでの到達距離が比較的短くなる（疑似病変部３ａに到達し易い）位置より穿刺することができる。また、疑似病変部３ｂに対しては、図４中右側、すなわち、モデル本体２の表面から疑似病変部３ｂまでの到達距離が比較的短くなる（疑似病変部３ｂに到達し易い）位置より穿刺することができる。 When the model main body 2 has such a shape, the puncture needle 301 of the biopsy needle 30 from any direction around the axis of the model main body 2 with respect to each pseudo-lesioned portion 3a, 3b embedded in the model main body 2 is obtained. Can be punctured. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, with respect to the pseudo-lesioned part 3a, the reach distance from the left side in the figure, that is, from the surface of the model body 2 to the pseudo-lesioned part 3a is relatively short (the pseudo-lesioned part 3a is reached). Can be punctured from a position that is easy to do). Further, for the pseudo-lesioned part 3b, the puncture is performed from the right side in FIG. can do.
　このモデル本体２は、人体組織に近似した超音波伝達性を有する弾性材料で構成されている。この弾性材料の基材としては、特に限定されず、例えば、アクリル系樹脂を構成材料の１つとするゲル状材料が挙げられる。このゲル状材料は、固体であり、その柔軟性が人体に比較的近い材料である。 The model body 2 is made of an elastic material having ultrasonic transmission properties similar to a human tissue. The base material of the elastic material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a gel material having an acrylic resin as one of the constituent materials. This gel-like material is a solid and its flexibility is relatively close to that of the human body.
　また、モデル本体２を構成する弾性材料は、超音波Ｕの伝達性を変化させる材料（以下この材料を「伝達性変化材」と言う）を含有している。このような伝達性変化材としては、超音波Ｕを反射や減衰させる材料であり、例えば金属酸化物の微粒子であり、好適には酸化アルミナである。伝達性変化材の形状としては、微粒子に限定されず、例えば、ファイバ状であってもよい。伝達性変化材として酸化アルミナを用いた場合、その含有量にもよるが、モデル本体２は、白く不透明化する（内部が視認不可能な程度に不透明なものとなる）。これにより、目視では、疑似病変部３ａおよび３ｂを視認することができない。すなわち、超音波検査装置２０を使用しなければ（超音波ガイド下でなければ）、疑似病変部３ａおよび３ｂを確認することができない。 Further, the elastic material constituting the model main body 2 contains a material that changes the transmissibility of the ultrasonic wave U (hereinafter, this material is referred to as a “transmissibility change material”). Such a transmissibility changing material is a material that reflects or attenuates the ultrasonic wave U, for example, metal oxide fine particles, and preferably alumina oxide. The shape of the transmissibility changing material is not limited to fine particles, and may be, for example, a fiber shape. When alumina oxide is used as the transmissibility changing material, the model body 2 becomes white and opaque (depending on the content thereof) (the inside becomes opaque to the extent that the inside cannot be seen). Thereby, the pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b cannot be visually recognized. In other words, the pseudo lesioned portions 3a and 3b cannot be confirmed unless the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 is used (not under the ultrasonic guide).
　疑似病変部３ａおよび３ｂは、それぞれ、球体で構成され、肝臓に生じた病変部（腫瘍）を模したものである。各疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂは、それぞれ、モデル本体２に埋設されているため、実際に肝臓に生じた病変部のように外部から視認不可能である。 The pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b are each composed of a sphere and imitate a lesioned portion (tumor) generated in the liver. Since each pseudo lesioned part 3a, 3b is embedded in the model main body 2, it cannot be visually recognized from the outside like a lesioned part actually generated in the liver.
　疑似病変部３ａを構成する構成材料と疑似病変部３ｂを構成する構成材料とは、同じであるため、以下、疑似病変部３ａの構成材料について、代表的に説明する。 Since the constituent material constituting the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the constituent material constituting the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are the same, the constituent material of the pseudo-lesioned part 3a will be typically described below.
　疑似病変部３ａは、超音波伝達性を有する弾性材料で構成されている。この弾性材料としては、特に限定されず、例えば、モデル本体２と同様に、アクリル系樹脂を構成材料の１つとするゲル状材料を用いることができる。 The pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is made of an elastic material having ultrasonic transmission properties. The elastic material is not particularly limited, and for example, similarly to the model main body 2, a gel-like material having an acrylic resin as one of the constituent materials can be used.
　また、疑似病変部３ａを構成する弾性材料は、着色剤を含有している。この着色剤としては、特に限定されず、例えば、墨汁や、グラファイト等のような炭素系微粒子が挙げられる。このような着色剤は、それ自体黒色であり、またそれが混合された弾性材料も黒色または暗色となる。これにより、疑似病変部３ａは、その色がモデル本体２の色と異なるものとなる。疑似病変部３ａが黒色または暗色に着色されていることにより、穿刺針３０１で疑似病変部３ａを穿刺した際、サンプリング結果から穿刺針３０１の疑似病変部３ａに対する穿刺状態を確実に確認することができる。 Further, the elastic material constituting the pseudo-lesioned part 3a contains a colorant. The colorant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include carbon-based fine particles such as ink and graphite. Such a colorant is itself black, and the elastic material in which it is mixed also becomes black or dark. Thereby, the color of the pseudo lesioned part 3a is different from the color of the model main body 2. Since the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is colored black or dark, when the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is punctured with the puncture needle 301, the puncture state of the puncture needle 301 with respect to the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a can be reliably confirmed from the sampling result. it can.
　疑似病変部３ａは、前述した酸化アルミナのように超音波Ｕの伝達性を変化させる材料を含有していない。これにより、疑似病変部３ａは、モデル本体２よりも超音波伝達性が高いものとなる。超音波検査装置２０のモニタで表示される生体モデル１では、モデル本体２が白く映り、疑似病変部３ａが黒く映る（図７参照）。これにより、モニタ上で疑似病変部３ａがモデル本体２よりも映えるように見え、よって、当該疑似病変部３ａの位置や大きさを確実に確認することができる。これにより、外部から視認不可能な（目視不可能な）肝臓の病変部に対し超音波ガイド下で穿刺処理を施すのと同様の訓練を行うことができる。なお、図８に示すように、超音波検査装置２０のモニタで表示される実際の人体の肝臓でも、生体モデル１の場合と同様に、当該肝臓に生じた病変部Ｐは黒く映る。 The pseudo-lesioned part 3a does not contain a material that changes the transmissibility of the ultrasonic wave U like the above-described alumina oxide. Thereby, the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a has higher ultrasonic transmission than the model main body 2. In the biological model 1 displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus 20, the model body 2 appears white and the pseudo lesion 3a appears black (see FIG. 7). Thereby, it appears that the pseudo lesioned part 3a appears on the monitor more than the model main body 2, and thus the position and size of the pseudo lesioned part 3a can be confirmed with certainty. As a result, it is possible to perform the same training as performing a puncture process under an ultrasonic guide on a lesioned part of the liver that is invisible (not visible) from the outside. As shown in FIG. 8, in the actual human liver displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus 20, as in the case of the biological model 1, the lesioned part P generated in the liver appears black.
　本実施形態においては、疑似病変部３ａには、伝達性変化材を含有していない例として説明したが、当該疑似病変部３ａを構成する弾性材料内にその量よりも少ない量の伝達性変化材を疑似病変部３ａに含有してもよい。また、当該疑似病変部３ａは伝達性変化材をモデル本体２よりも多く含有してもよい。この場合には、モニタには、モデル本体２よりも疑似病変部３ａの方が白く映る。 In the present embodiment, the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a has been described as an example that does not contain a transmissible change material. However, the amount of transmissible change smaller than that amount in the elastic material constituting the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is described. You may contain a material in the pseudo-lesioned part 3a. Further, the pseudo lesioned part 3 a may contain more transmissible change material than the model main body 2. In this case, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a appears whiter on the monitor than the model body 2.
　また、疑似病変部３ａは、例えばその構成材料の１つとして用いるアクリル系樹脂の種類にもよるが、モデル本体２よりも柔軟性が低く、すなわち、硬くなっている。これにより、図４に示すように、モデル本体２の上面２１から生検針３０の穿刺針３０１を穿刺し、穿刺針３０１の針先３０２が疑似病変部３ａに到達した際、生検針３０を把持している手に、生体モデル１の硬さが変化するのが感じられる。この感覚と超音波検査装置２０のモニタの画像の確認とで、穿刺針３０１の針先３０２が疑似病変部３ａに到達したのを確実に認識することができる。 Further, the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is lower in flexibility than the model body 2, that is, harder, although it depends on the type of acrylic resin used as one of the constituent materials, for example. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, when the puncture needle 301 of the biopsy needle 30 is punctured from the upper surface 21 of the model body 2, the biopsy needle 30 is gripped when the needle tip 302 of the puncture needle 301 reaches the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a. It can be felt that the hardness of the living body model 1 changes in the hand. With this sensation and confirmation of the image on the monitor of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20, it is possible to reliably recognize that the needle tip 302 of the puncture needle 301 has reached the pseudo lesioned part 3a.
　前述したように、モデル本体２には、疑似病変部３ａと同様の材料で構成された疑似病変部３ｂが埋設されている。 As described above, the model body 2 has the pseudo lesion portion 3b made of the same material as the pseudo lesion portion 3a embedded therein.
　図１に示すように、疑似病変部３ａと疑似病変部３ｂとは、互いに大きさが異なっている。すなわち、疑似病変部３ａが疑似病変部３ｂよりも大きくなっている。これにより、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、まず、大きさが大きい方の疑似病変部３ａで穿刺の練習をし、次いで、大きさが小さい方の疑似病変部３ｂで穿刺の練習をすることができる（図３～図６参照）。これにより、確実な穿刺操作を容易に取得することができる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are different in size from each other. That is, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a is larger than the pseudo-lesioned part 3b. Thus, when performing a puncture operation training, first, puncture practice is performed with the larger pseudo-lesioned portion 3a, and then puncture practice is performed with the smaller-sized pseudo-lesioned portion 3b. Yes (see FIGS. 3-6). Thereby, reliable puncture operation can be acquired easily.
　また、各疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂの構成材料の１つとして用いるアクリル系樹脂の種類を変えることにより、疑似病変部３ａと疑似病変部３ｂとが互いに硬さ（柔軟性）が異なるものとなる。これにより、例えば肝臓に硬さが異なる複数の病変部が存在している場合の各病変部に対する穿刺操作を確実に行えるような訓練をすることができる。 Further, by changing the type of acrylic resin used as one of the constituent materials of each pseudo-lesioned part 3a, 3b, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b have different hardness (flexibility). . Accordingly, for example, when there are a plurality of lesions having different hardnesses in the liver, it is possible to perform training so that the puncture operation can be reliably performed on each lesion.
　図３～図６に示すように、疑似病変部３ａと疑似病変部３ｂとは、生体モデル１を使用する際に、互いに高さが異なるように配置されている。図示の構成では、疑似病変部３ａが疑似病変部３ｂよりも上方に位置している。これにより、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、まず、モデル本体２の上面２１からの深さが浅い方の疑似病変部３ａで穿刺の練習をし、次いで、深さが深い方の疑似病変部３ｂで穿刺の練習をすることができる（図３～図６参照）。これにより、肝臓においてその病変部の深さに応じた確実な穿刺操作を容易に取得することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are arranged so as to have different heights when the biological model 1 is used. In the illustrated configuration, the pseudo lesioned part 3a is located above the pseudo lesioned part 3b. Thereby, when performing puncture operation training, first, puncture practice is performed at the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a having the shallower depth from the upper surface 21 of the model body 2, and then the pseudo-lesioned portion 3b having the deeper depth. Can practice puncture (see FIGS. 3 to 6). Thereby, a reliable puncture operation according to the depth of the lesioned part in the liver can be easily acquired.
　なお、疑似病変部３ａと疑似病変部３ｂとは、図示の構成では互いに形状が同じ、すなわち、球状をなしているが、これに限定されず、例えば、互いに形状が異なっていてもよい。疑似病変部３ａと疑似病変部３ｂとが互いに形状が異なっている場合、例えば、一方を球体とし、他方を直方体や円柱とすることができる。 Note that the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a and the pseudo-lesioned portion 3b have the same shape in the illustrated configuration, that is, a spherical shape, but are not limited thereto, and may be different from each other, for example. When the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b have different shapes, for example, one can be a sphere and the other can be a cuboid or a cylinder.
　また、疑似病変部３ａと疑似病変部３ｂとは、互いに同じ材料で構成されているため、同じ硬さとなっているが、これに限定されず、例えば、互いに硬さが異なっていてもよい。 Moreover, since the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are made of the same material, they have the same hardness. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the hardness may be different from each other.
　図２に示すように、疑似病変部３ａと疑似病変部３ｂとは、平面視で、生体モデル１（モデル本体２）の径方向に離間して配置されている。これにより、超音波ガイド下で、生体モデル１にはいくつの疑似病変部が埋設されているのかを確実に把握することができる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a and the pseudo-lesioned part 3b are arranged apart from each other in the radial direction of the biological model 1 (model body 2) in plan view. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably grasp how many pseudo-lesioned portions are embedded in the biological model 1 under the ultrasound guide.
　図１に示すように、モデル本体２には、当該モデル本体２をその中心軸と垂直な方向に貫通する貫通孔２２が形成されている。図２に示すように、この貫通孔２２は、平面視でＹ字状をなす、すなわち、その途中が複数（図示の構成では２つ）に分岐している。 As shown in FIG. 1, the model main body 2 is formed with a through hole 22 that passes through the model main body 2 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the through-hole 22 has a Y shape in plan view, that is, the middle is branched into a plurality (two in the illustrated configuration).
　生体モデル１では、さらに貫通孔２２に、可撓性を有する材料（例えばポリ塩化ビニル）で構成されたチューブ４が挿入されている。このチューブ４は、胆管を模した疑似胆管（疑似管腔部）４１として機能する。前述した貫通孔２２は、その途中が分岐しており、またこの貫通孔２２に挿入されたチューブ４（疑似胆管４１）もその途中が分岐したものとなる。これにより、疑似胆管４１に分岐部４２が形成される。生体モデル１では、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、例えば、分岐部４２に対して穿刺行為を行なったり、またはその反対に、分岐部４２を穿刺しないように、当該分岐部４２を避けて、疑似胆管４１の分岐部４２以外の部分に対して穿刺行為を行なったりすることができる。 In the biological model 1, a tube 4 made of a flexible material (for example, polyvinyl chloride) is further inserted into the through hole 22. The tube 4 functions as a pseudo bile duct (pseudo lumen portion) 41 that imitates a bile duct. The above-described through hole 22 is branched in the middle, and the tube 4 (pseudo-bile duct 41) inserted into the through hole 22 is also branched in the middle. Thereby, the branch part 42 is formed in the pseudo bile duct 41. In the living body model 1, when performing puncturing operation training, for example, a puncturing action is performed on the branching portion 42, or conversely, the branching portion 42 is avoided so as not to puncture the pseudomorphic portion 42. A puncture action can be performed on a portion other than the branching portion 42 of the bile duct 41.
　また、チューブ４は、その３つの端部がモデル本体２の外周面（側面）２３から突出している。この突出した各端部は、それぞれ、液体Ｌが流入出するポート２４ａ、２４ｂ、２４ｃとして機能する。これにより、図９、図１０に示すように、液体Ｌが循環する循環回路を構成することができる。 Also, the tube 4 has three end portions protruding from the outer peripheral surface (side surface) 23 of the model main body 2. The protruding end portions function as ports 24a, 24b, and 24c through which the liquid L flows in and out, respectively. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 10, the circulation circuit through which the liquid L circulates can be comprised.
　このような疑似胆管４１は、生体モデル１を使用する際に疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂよりも下方に位置するように配置されている。これにより、穿刺操作の訓練を行う際、疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂを避けつつ、疑似胆管４１を穿刺する訓練をすることができる（図９、図１０参照）。 Such a pseudo bile duct 41 is arranged so as to be positioned below the pseudo lesions 3a and 3b when the living body model 1 is used. Thereby, when performing puncture training, it is possible to perform training to puncture the pseudo bile duct 41 while avoiding the pseudo lesioned portions 3a and 3b (see FIGS. 9 and 10).
　なお、生体モデル１では、チューブ４を省略することができる。この場合、モデル本体２の貫通孔２２が疑似胆管として機能する。 In the living body model 1, the tube 4 can be omitted. In this case, the through hole 22 of the model body 2 functions as a pseudo bile duct.
　また、チューブ４は、胆管を模したものとすることができる他、人体の血管を模したものとすることができる。 Further, the tube 4 can imitate a bile duct and can imitate a human blood vessel.
　以上のような構成の生体モデル１は、例えば、以下に記載するような製造方法によって製造することができる。 The biological model 1 having the above-described configuration can be manufactured by a manufacturing method as described below, for example.
　球状をなすキャビティを有する金型に、疑似病変部３ａを構成し得る液状材料（着色剤が含有された液状の樹脂材料）を充填する。そして、この液状材料を固化し、離型することにより、疑似病変部３ａを得る。疑似病変部３ｂについても、疑似病変部３ａと同様の方法により、得ることができる。 A mold having a spherical cavity is filled with a liquid material (a liquid resin material containing a colorant) that can form the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a. And this pseudo-lesioned part 3a is obtained by solidifying and releasing this liquid material. The pseudo lesioned part 3b can also be obtained by the same method as the pseudo lesioned part 3a.
　次に、円柱状をなすキャビティを有する金型に、モデル本体２を構成し得る液状材料（伝達性変化材が含有された液状の樹脂材料）を充填する。このキャビティに充填された液状材料中に、前記得られた疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂを所望の位置で維持して埋没させる。そして、この状態で、キャビティ中の液状材料を固化し、離型することにより、生体モデル１を得る。 Next, a mold having a cylindrical cavity is filled with a liquid material (a liquid resin material containing a transmissible change material) that can constitute the model body 2. In the liquid material filled in the cavity, the obtained pseudo lesioned portions 3a and 3b are maintained and buried at desired positions. And in this state, the biological material 1 is obtained by solidifying and releasing the liquid material in the cavity.
　次に、生体モデル１の使用方法の一例について詳細に説明する。
　＜＜第１使用例＞＞
　［１－１］　まず、図３に示すように、超音波検査装置２０を作動させ、そのプローブ２０１を一方の手で把持して生体モデル１の上面２１に当てながら、超音波検査装置２０のモニタで疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂの位置を確認する。 Next, an example of how to use the biological model 1 will be described in detail.
<< First use example >>
[1-1] First, as shown in FIG. 3, the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 is operated, the probe 201 is held with one hand and applied to the upper surface 21 of the biological model 1, while the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 The positions of the pseudo lesions 3a and 3b are confirmed on the monitor.
　前述したようにモデル本体２が不透明なものであるため疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂを視認することができないが、超音波検査装置２０のモニタに表示された画像によって、疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂの位置や大きさ（形状）を確認することができる。 As described above, since the model main body 2 is opaque, the pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b cannot be visually recognized. However, the positions of the pseudo-lesioned portions 3a and 3b are determined based on the image displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic examination apparatus 20. And the size (shape) can be confirmed.
　［１－２］　次に、疑似病変部３ａおよび３ｂのうちの、大きい方の疑似病変部３ａに対して、穿刺訓練を行う。 [1-2] Next, puncture training is performed on the larger pseudo-lesioned part 3a among the pseudo-lesioned parts 3a and 3b.
　超音波検査装置２０のモニタ画像を見つつ、プローブ２０１を最適な角度に調節しながら、図４に示すように、他方の手で生検針３０を用いて、その穿刺針３０１を生体モデル１の上面２１から疑似病変部３ａに向けて穿刺する。このとき、モニタ画像は、二次元であるのに対し、疑似病変部３ａは、実際には三次元で存在するので、プローブ２０１で疑似病変部３ａの位置を慎重に探りながら、頭の中で立体的な位置関係を構想したうえで、生検針３０の疑似病変部３ａ（生体モデル１）に対する穿刺位置と角度（穿刺角度）とを定める。この際、もう１つの重要な点は、穿刺針３０１を疑似病変部３ａに向けて穿刺していったとしても、その穿刺深さ（穿刺方向）が深くなる程、穿刺針３０１の刃面の角度によって穿刺針３０１が疑似病変部３ａに対してズレて（反れて）いく。このため、そのズレを計算に入れて、穿刺位置と穿刺角度を決める必要がある。以上の２点を把握したうえで、疑似病変部３ａに向けて穿刺する。 While observing the monitor image of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 and adjusting the probe 201 to the optimum angle, the biopsy needle 30 is used with the other hand as shown in FIG. Puncture from the upper surface 21 toward the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a. At this time, while the monitor image is two-dimensional, the pseudo-lesioned part 3a actually exists in three dimensions, so the probe 201 carefully searches the position of the pseudo-lesioned part 3a in the head. After conceiving the three-dimensional positional relationship, the puncture position and angle (puncture angle) of the biopsy needle 30 with respect to the pseudo lesioned part 3a (biological model 1) are determined. At this time, another important point is that even when the puncture needle 301 is punctured toward the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a, the deeper the puncture depth (puncture direction) is, the more the blade surface of the puncture needle 301 becomes. The puncture needle 301 is displaced (warped) with respect to the pseudo lesioned part 3a depending on the angle. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the puncture position and puncture angle by taking the deviation into account. After grasping the above two points, puncture is performed toward the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a.
　穿刺針３０１の針先３０２が疑似病変部３ａの外表面３１に到達した際、超音波検査装置２０で得られたモニタ画像と、生検針３０を介して感じられる生体モデル１の硬さの変化とで、その到達が確認される。 When the needle tip 302 of the puncture needle 301 reaches the outer surface 31 of the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a, the monitor image obtained by the ultrasonic examination apparatus 20 and the change in the hardness of the living body model 1 felt through the biopsy needle 30 And the arrival is confirmed.
　［１－３］　次に、図４に示す状態から、生検針３０の穿刺ボタン３０３を押圧操作する。これにより、穿刺針３０１内に収納されていた中空の内針３０４が疑似病変部３ａに突出する（図５参照）。この突出した内針３０４内に疑似病変部３ａの一部３２が切り取られる（コアリング）。 [1-3] Next, the puncture button 303 of the biopsy needle 30 is pressed from the state shown in FIG. As a result, the hollow inner needle 304 housed in the puncture needle 301 protrudes into the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a (see FIG. 5). A portion 32 of the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is cut out in the protruding inner needle 304 (coring).
　［１－４］　次に、図６に示すように、生検針３０を生体モデル１から抜去する。これにより、サンプリングを得る。 [1-4] Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the biopsy needle 30 is removed from the biological model 1. Thereby, sampling is obtained.
　［１－５］　次に、生検針３０の内針３０４内部から、上述したサンプリングを取り出す。サンプリングが全て黒色であれば疑似病変部３ａの採取に成功し、白色であれば不成功であることが判る。同様に、小さい方の疑似病変部３ｂに対して、穿刺訓練を行う。以上のように、常に黒色のサンプリングになるように技能を向上させる。 [1-5] Next, the above-described sampling is taken out from the inside of the inner needle 304 of the biopsy needle 30. It can be seen that the pseudo-lesioned portion 3a is successfully collected if the sampling is all black, and unsuccessful if the sampling is white. Similarly, puncture training is performed on the smaller pseudo-lesioned portion 3b. As described above, the skill is improved so that black sampling is always performed.
　＜＜第２使用例＞＞
　［２－１］　まず、図９、図１０に示すような、疑似胆管４１を通過する液体Ｌの循環回路を構成する。途中が２つに分岐したチューブ４０を用意し、このチューブ４０の３つの端部４０１をそれぞれ生体モデル１の各ポート２４ａ～２４ｃに接続する。また、このチューブ４０の途中には、液体Ｌが充填されて（貯留されて）いるタンク５０と、液体Ｌの流れを生じさせるポンプ６０とが設置されている。ポンプ６０の作動により、タンク５０内の液体Ｌは、チューブ４０、疑似胆管４１を順に図中矢印Ａ方向に向かって流下し、ポンプ６０を経由して、タンク５０に戻るように循環する。 << Second Use Case >>
[2-1] First, a circulation circuit of the liquid L passing through the pseudo bile duct 41 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is configured. A tube 40 branched in half along the way is prepared, and the three ends 401 of the tube 40 are connected to the ports 24a to 24c of the biological model 1, respectively. Further, in the middle of the tube 40, a tank 50 filled (stored) with the liquid L and a pump 60 for generating a flow of the liquid L are installed. By the operation of the pump 60, the liquid L in the tank 50 flows down the tube 40 and the pseudo bile duct 41 sequentially in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and circulates back to the tank 50 via the pump 60.
　［２－２］　液体Ｌを循環させた状態で、超音波検査装置２０のモニタに表示された画像で、疑似胆管４１の位置や大きさ（形状）を確認する。 [2-2] With the liquid L circulated, the position and size (shape) of the pseudo bile duct 41 are confirmed from the image displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20.
　［２－３］　次に、超音波検査装置２０のモニタ画像を見つつ、穿刺針７０の内針７０１が接続された（挿入された）穿刺針８０の中空の穿刺部（外針）８０１を、生体モデル１の上面２１から疑似胆管４１に向けて穿刺する。このとき、疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂを避けて、穿刺針８０を疑似胆管４１に向けて穿刺することができる。 [2-3] Next, while viewing the monitor image of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20, the hollow puncture part (outer needle) 801 of the puncture needle 80 to which the inner needle 701 of the puncture needle 70 is connected (inserted) is removed. Puncture from the upper surface 21 of the biological model 1 toward the pseudo bile duct 41. At this time, the puncture needle 80 can be punctured toward the pseudo bile duct 41 while avoiding the pseudo lesions 3a and 3b.
　穿刺針８０の針先８０２が疑似胆管４１を穿刺して当該疑似胆管４１を確保した際、超音波検査装置２０で得られたモニタ画像と、穿刺針８０を介して穿刺針７０に流入した液体Ｌ（フラッシュバック）とによって、その確保が確認される。 When the needle tip 802 of the puncture needle 80 punctures the pseudo bile duct 41 to secure the pseudo bile duct 41, the monitor image obtained by the ultrasonic inspection apparatus 20 and the liquid that has flowed into the puncture needle 70 via the puncture needle 80 L (flashback) confirms the reservation.
　［２－４］　次に、図９に示す状態から穿刺針７０の内針７０１を穿刺針８０から抜去して、当該穿刺針８０の穿刺部（外針）８０１を介して、ガイドワイヤ９０を疑似胆管４１に送り込む（図１０参照）。これにより、ガイドワイヤ９０を疑似胆管４１に留置することができる。 [2-4] Next, from the state shown in FIG. 9, the inner needle 701 of the puncture needle 70 is removed from the puncture needle 80, and the guide wire 90 is connected via the puncture portion (outer needle) 801 of the puncture needle 80. It feeds into the pseudo bile duct 41 (see FIG. 10). As a result, the guide wire 90 can be placed in the pseudo bile duct 41.
　このように、目視では確認することができない胆管に対してガイドワイヤ９０を留置するような処理を施すことができるようにするために、臨床と同様の条件下で生体モデル１を用いることにより、そのガイドワイヤ留置訓練を行うことができる。 In this way, by using the biological model 1 under the same conditions as in clinical practice, in order to be able to perform processing such as indwelling the guide wire 90 on the bile duct that cannot be visually confirmed, The guide wire placement training can be performed.
　＜第２実施形態＞
  図１１は、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルの第２実施形態を示す縦断面図である。 Second Embodiment
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention.
　以下、この図を参照して本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルの第２実施形態について説明するが、前述した実施形態との相違点を中心に説明し、同様の事項はその説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, the second embodiment of the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention will be described with reference to this figure, but the description will focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and the description of the same matters will be omitted. .
　本実施形態は、超音波検査用生体モデルの形状が異なること以外は前記第１実施形態と同様である。 This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the shape of the biological model for ultrasonic examination is different.
　図１１に示す生体モデル１Ａは、モデル本体２Ａの全体形状がドーム状（山状）をなしており、***を模したものとなっている。 In the living body model 1A shown in FIG. 11, the overall shape of the model main body 2A has a dome shape (mountain shape), which is similar to a breast.
　このモデル本体２Ａは、積層構造を有している。すなわち、モデル本体２Ａは、高剛性層２５と、この高剛性層２５上に積層された低剛性層２６とで構成されている。高剛性層２５は、低剛性層２６よりも剛性が高い層である。生体モデル１Ａでは、低剛性層２６は、***の皮下に位置する脂肪組織を模したものとなっている。また、高剛性層２５は、***の脂肪組織よりも奥側に位置する乳腺およびその周辺の部位を模したものとなっている。また、低剛性層２６（モデル本体２Ａ）の頂部には、乳頭を模した突部２７が設けられている。 The model body 2A has a laminated structure. That is, the model main body 2 </ b> A includes a high-rigidity layer 25 and a low-rigidity layer 26 laminated on the high-rigidity layer 25. The high rigidity layer 25 is a layer having higher rigidity than the low rigidity layer 26. In the living body model 1A, the low-rigidity layer 26 imitates a fat tissue located under the breast. The high-rigidity layer 25 imitates the mammary gland located on the back side of the adipose tissue of the breast and the surrounding area. Further, a protrusion 27 simulating a teat is provided on the top of the low-rigidity layer 26 (model main body 2A).
　高剛性層２５および低剛性層２６は、それぞれ、前記第１実施形態のモデル本体２と同様に、超音波伝達性を変化させる材料を含有したアクリル系樹脂を構成材料の１つとするゲル状材料で構成されている。超音波伝達性を変化させる材料は、低剛性層２６よりも高剛性層２５の方がその含有量は少なく、後述する疑似病変部３ｃには含有させていない。また、高剛性層２５と低剛性層２６との剛性（硬さ）の相違は、各層に配合されるアクリルアミドの配合量の相違によって生じる。高剛性層２５では、低剛性層２６よりもアクリルアミドの配合量が多い。また、突部２７は、低剛性層２６と同様の材料で構成することができる。 Each of the high-rigidity layer 25 and the low-rigidity layer 26 is a gel-like material having an acrylic resin containing a material that changes ultrasonic transmission as one of the constituent materials, as in the model main body 2 of the first embodiment. It consists of The material that changes the ultrasonic transmission property is less in the high-rigidity layer 25 than in the low-rigidity layer 26, and is not contained in the pseudo-lesioned portion 3c described later. Further, the difference in rigidity (hardness) between the high-rigidity layer 25 and the low-rigidity layer 26 is caused by a difference in the amount of acrylamide compounded in each layer. The high rigidity layer 25 has a larger amount of acrylamide than the low rigidity layer 26. The protrusion 27 can be made of the same material as the low-rigidity layer 26.
　高剛性層２５内には、疑似病変部３ｃが配置されている。この疑似病変部３ｃは、乳腺に生じた腫瘍（乳がん）を模している。この疑似病変部３ｃは、高剛性層２５よりも硬いものである。疑似病変部３ｃは、前記第１実施形態の疑似病変部３ａ、３ｂと同様に、着色剤を含有したアクリル系樹脂材料で構成されている。疑似病変部３ｃと高剛性層２５との剛性（硬さ）の相違は、それぞれに配合されるアクリルアミドの配合量の相違によって生じる。疑似病変部３ｃでは、高剛性層２５よりもアクリルアミドの配合量が多い。 In the high-rigidity layer 25, a pseudo-lesioned portion 3c is arranged. This pseudo-lesioned part 3c imitates a tumor (breast cancer) generated in the mammary gland. This pseudo-lesioned part 3 c is harder than the high-rigidity layer 25. The pseudo-lesioned part 3c is made of an acrylic resin material containing a colorant, like the pseudo-lesioned parts 3a and 3b of the first embodiment. The difference in rigidity (hardness) between the pseudo-lesioned part 3c and the high-rigidity layer 25 is caused by the difference in the amount of acrylamide compounded in each. In the pseudo-lesioned part 3c, the amount of acrylamide is larger than that of the high-rigidity layer 25.
　以上のような構成の生体モデル１Ａでも、これにより、前記第１実施形態の生体モデル１と同様に、人体の***に生じた腫瘍のように外部から視認不可能な疑似病変部３ｃに対し、超音波ガイド下で確実に穿刺処理を施す訓練を行うことができる。 In the living body model 1A having the above-described configuration, as in the living body model 1 of the first embodiment, the pseudo lesion portion 3c that cannot be visually recognized from the outside, such as a tumor generated in the breast of the human body, It is possible to perform training to perform the puncture process reliably under an ultrasonic guide.
　以上、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルを図示の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、これに限定されるものではなく、超音波検査用生体モデルを構成する各部は、同様の機能を発揮し得る任意の構成のものと置換することができる。また、任意の構成物が付加されていてもよい。 As described above, the illustrated embodiment of the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each part constituting the biological model for ultrasonic examination has the same function. It can be replaced with any configuration that can be exhibited. Moreover, arbitrary components may be added.
　また、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルは、前記各実施形態のうちの、任意の２以上の構成（特徴）を組み合わせたものであってもよい。 Further, the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations (features) of the above embodiments.
　また、超音波検査用生体モデルは、肝臓や***を模したものに限定されず、例えば、胃、腸等のような臓器を模したものであってもよい。 Also, the biological model for ultrasonic examination is not limited to a model simulating the liver or breast, but may be a model simulating an organ such as the stomach or intestine.
　また、疑似病変部の設置数は、１つまたは２つに限定されず、例えば、３つ以上であってもよい。 Further, the number of pseudo lesions is not limited to one or two, and may be three or more, for example.
　また、疑似病変部は、弾性材料で構成されているが、例えば、ゲル状をなす材料で構成されていてもよい。疑似病変部がゲル状をなす材料で構成されている場合、その材料を例えば注射器で吸引することができる。 Moreover, although the pseudo-lesioned part is made of an elastic material, it may be made of a gel-like material, for example. When the pseudo-lesioned part is made of a gel-like material, the material can be sucked with a syringe, for example.
　本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルは、超音波ガイド下で用いられる超音波検査用生体モデルであって、人体組織に近似した超音波伝達性を有する不透明な弾性材料で構成され、生体組織を模したモデル本体と、前記モデル本体の内部に埋設されており、該モデル本体と色および超音波伝達性の程度が異なる弾性材料で構成され、生体組織に生じた病変部を模した少なくとも１つの疑似病変部とを備えており、内部が視認不可能な前記モデル本体に対して前記超音波ガイド下で前記疑似病変部に向けて穿刺の訓練ができる。従って、本発明の超音波検査用生体モデルは、産業上の利用可能性を有する。 The biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention is a biological model for ultrasonic examination used under an ultrasonic guide, and is composed of an opaque elastic material having an ultrasonic transmission property similar to a human tissue. A model body imitated and an elastic material embedded in the model main body and having a different color and ultrasonic transmission property from the model body, and at least one imitating a lesioned part generated in a living tissue The model main body that is provided with a pseudo-lesioned part and whose inside cannot be visually recognized can be trained for puncture toward the pseudo-lesioned part under the ultrasonic guide. Therefore, the biological model for ultrasonic examination of the present invention has industrial applicability.

Claims (5)

  1. 　超音波ガイド下で用いられる超音波検査用生体モデルであって、
    　人体組織に近似した超音波伝達性を有する不透明な弾性材料で構成され、生体組織を模したモデル本体と、
    　前記モデル本体の内部に埋設されており、該モデル本体と色および超音波伝達性の程度が異なる弾性材料で構成され、生体組織に生じた病変部を模した少なくとも１つの疑似病変部とを備えており、内部が視認不可能な前記モデル本体に対して前記超音波ガイド下で前記疑似病変部に向けて穿刺の訓練ができることを特徴とする超音波検査用生体モデル。     A biological model for ultrasonic examination used under an ultrasonic guide,
    A model body that is composed of an opaque elastic material having ultrasonic transmission properties similar to a human tissue, imitating a biological tissue,
    Embedded in the model body, and made of an elastic material having a different color and ultrasonic transmission from the model body, and includes at least one pseudo-lesioned part imitating a lesioned part generated in a living tissue A living body model for ultrasonic examination, characterized in that puncture training can be performed toward the pseudo-lesioned portion under the ultrasonic guide with respect to the model main body, the inside of which is invisible.
  2. 　前記疑似病変部は、前記モデル本体よりも超音波伝達性が高いものである請求項１に記載の超音波検査用生体モデル。 The biological model for ultrasonic examination according to claim 1, wherein the pseudo-lesioned portion has higher ultrasonic transmission than the model body.
  3. 　前記モデル本体は、超音波伝達性を変化させる材料を含有する樹脂材料で構成されている請求項２に記載の超音波検査用生体モデル。 The biological model for ultrasonic examination according to claim 2, wherein the model body is made of a resin material containing a material that changes ultrasonic transmission.
  4. 　前記疑似病変部は、着色剤を含有する樹脂材料で構成されている請求項２に記載の超音波検査用生体モデル。 The biological model for ultrasonic examination according to claim 2, wherein the pseudo-lesioned part is made of a resin material containing a colorant.
  5. 　前記疑似病変部は、前記モデル本体よりも硬さが高いものである請求項１に記載の超音波検査用生体モデル。 The biological model for ultrasonic examination according to claim 1, wherein the pseudo-lesioned part is higher in hardness than the model body.
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