WO2009145136A1 - 表示装置 - Google Patents
表示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009145136A1 WO2009145136A1 PCT/JP2009/059514 JP2009059514W WO2009145136A1 WO 2009145136 A1 WO2009145136 A1 WO 2009145136A1 JP 2009059514 W JP2009059514 W JP 2009059514W WO 2009145136 A1 WO2009145136 A1 WO 2009145136A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- light
- substrate
- lens
- display device
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133526—Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/294—Variable focal length devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display device.
- the present invention is a display device that includes a display panel in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in a pixel region and displays an image in the pixel region, and includes a photosensor element that generates light reception data by receiving light.
- the present invention relates to a display device included in the display panel.
- Display devices such as liquid crystal display devices and organic EL display devices have advantages such as thinness, light weight, and low power consumption.
- the liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer is sealed between a pair of substrates as a display panel.
- the liquid crystal panel is, for example, a transmission type, and the liquid crystal panel modulates and transmits the illumination light emitted from an illumination device such as a backlight provided on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel. An image is displayed on the front surface of the liquid crystal panel by the modulated illumination light.
- This liquid crystal panel is, for example, an active matrix type and has a TFT array substrate on which a plurality of thin film transistors (TFTs) that function as pixel switching elements are formed.
- a counter substrate faces the TFT array substrate so as to face the TFT array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer is provided between the TFT array substrate and the counter substrate.
- the pixel switching element inputs a potential to the pixel electrode, thereby changing the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer and controlling the transmittance of the light transmitted through the pixel. Is modulated.
- a photo sensor element that receives light and obtains received light data is incorporated in the pixel region (for example, (See Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
- the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel can realize a function as a user interface by using a built-in photo sensor element as a position sensor element (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). For this reason, this type of liquid crystal panel is called an I / O touch panel (Integrated-Optical touch panel).
- I / O touch panel Integrated-Optical touch panel
- resistive film type or capacitive type touch panel it is not necessary to separately install a resistive film type or capacitive type touch panel on the front surface of the liquid crystal panel. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce the size and thickness of the device.
- the light transmitted through the pixel region by the touch panel may decrease or the light may interfere with the display image. It is possible to prevent the quality from deteriorating.
- a photo sensor element built in as a position sensor element receives light reflected by a detection object such as a user's finger or a touch pen touched on the front side of the liquid crystal panel. To do. Then, based on the light reception data obtained by the photosensor element, the position where the detected object is in contact is specified, and an operation corresponding to the specified position is performed on the liquid crystal display device itself or the liquid crystal display device. It is implemented in another connected electronic device.
- the photosensor element receives light in an environment where the light intensity is high, the light reception data value may exceed the dynamic range, and the sensor output may be saturated. For this reason, it may be difficult to accurately detect the position of the detected object.
- the intensity of external light may be 10 to 100,000 lux or more, and the intensity of light is greater than in an indoor artificial lighting environment. May become apparent.
- the S / N ratio of the received light data may be reduced, and it may be difficult to accurately detect the position of the detected object.
- the present invention provides a display device that can ensure the dynamic range of the photosensor element and improve the image quality.
- the display device of the present invention adjusts the amount of light incident on the light receiving area of the display panel provided with a photo sensor element that generates light reception data by receiving light in the light receiving area.
- a light amount adjusting unit ; and a control unit that controls the operation of the light amount adjusting unit, the light amount adjusting unit including a lens provided corresponding to a light receiving region of the photosensor element, and a focal position of the lens Is changed with respect to the light receiving region of the photosensor element to adjust the amount of light incident on the light receiving region.
- control unit controls the operation of the light amount adjusting unit based on light reception data generated by the photosensor element.
- the lens is larger than the light receiving area.
- the lens is a liquid crystal lens
- a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal constituting the liquid crystal lens, the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal is changed, and the focal length of the liquid crystal lens is changed.
- the liquid crystal lens is a Fresnel lens.
- the display panel is sandwiched between a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate at a distance from the first substrate, and the first substrate and the second substrate.
- a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned, wherein the photosensor element is provided on a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the liquid crystal
- the lens is provided in a portion corresponding to the light receiving region on a surface of the second substrate opposite to the side facing the first substrate, and the light amount adjusting unit includes The amount of light entering from the one substrate side to the second substrate side and entering the light receiving region of the photosensor element is adjusted by changing the focal length of the liquid crystal lens.
- the display panel is sandwiched between a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate at a distance from the first substrate, and the first substrate and the second substrate.
- a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned, wherein the photosensor element is provided on a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the liquid crystal
- the lens is configured such that a focal length of the liquid crystal lens is changed by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal in a portion corresponding to the light receiving region in the liquid crystal layer, and the light amount adjusting unit is configured to change the first substrate.
- the amount of light entering the light receiving region of the photosensor element from the side toward the second substrate is adjusted by changing the focal length of the liquid crystal lens.
- the display panel includes a light shielding wall provided so as to surround a portion corresponding to the light receiving region between the first substrate and the second substrate.
- the lens is a liquid lens
- a voltage is applied to the liquid lens
- a focal distance of the liquid lens is changed, thereby changing an amount of light incident on the photosensor element. adjust.
- the display panel is sandwiched between a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate at a distance from the first substrate, and the first substrate and the second substrate.
- a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned, wherein the photosensor element is provided on a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the liquid The lens is provided in a portion corresponding to the light receiving region on a surface of the second substrate opposite to the side facing the first substrate, and the light amount adjusting unit includes The amount of light entering from the one substrate side to the second substrate side and entering the light receiving region of the photosensor element is adjusted by changing the focal length of the liquid crystal lens.
- the light amount adjustment unit adjusts the amount of light incident on the photosensor element by moving the lens so that the focal position of the lens moves in the surface direction of the display panel. Part.
- control unit when the received light data generated by the photosensor element is greater than or equal to a reference value, the control unit is configured so that the amount of light incident on the photosensor element is reduced. Adjust the behavior.
- the display panel includes a position detection unit that detects a position of a detection object positioned on one surface side of the display panel, and the display panel is configured to display an image on the one surface side.
- the plurality of photosensor elements are arranged in a pixel region where an image is displayed on the display panel, and receive light traveling from one surface side to the other surface side of the display panel.
- the position detection unit detects the position of the detected object based on light reception data generated by a plurality of photosensor elements arranged in the pixel region.
- control unit performs control such that an imaging operation for causing the photosensor element to receive light and a display operation for displaying an image on the display panel are performed in a time-sharing manner.
- the light amount adjusting unit includes a lens provided corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element, and the light amount adjusting unit changes the focal position of the lens with respect to the light receiving region of the photosensor element. Thus, the amount of light incident on the light receiving region is adjusted.
- the display device of the present invention is disposed on a display panel provided with a photosensor element that generates received light data by receiving incident light in a light receiving region, and on the surface on which the incident light is incident on the display panel.
- the polarizing plate and a liquid crystal lens that collects incident light to the light receiving region are arranged such that the transmission axis is along the direction of the refractive index difference distribution of the liquid crystal lens.
- the display panel is sandwiched between a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate at a distance from the first substrate, and the first substrate and the second substrate.
- a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned, wherein the photosensor element is provided on a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the liquid crystal
- the lens is provided in a portion corresponding to the light receiving region on the surface of the second substrate opposite to the side facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal lens, the polarizing plate,
- the photosensor element receives incident light that is transmitted through and incident sequentially in the light receiving region.
- the liquid crystal lens is formed by curing an ultraviolet curable liquid crystal or a thermosetting liquid crystal, and has a fixed focal length.
- the display panel is sandwiched between a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate at a distance from the first substrate, and the first substrate and the second substrate.
- a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned, wherein the photosensor element is provided on a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the liquid crystal
- the lens is formed by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal in a portion corresponding to the light receiving region in the liquid crystal layer, and incident light that is sequentially transmitted through the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal lens is incident on the photosensor.
- the element receives light in the light receiving region.
- the polarizing plate is arranged so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate is along the direction of the refractive index difference distribution of the liquid crystal lens. Thereby, the polarized light transmitted through the polarizing plate is collected by the liquid crystal lens and received by the light receiving region of the photosensor element.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a display device capable of ensuring the dynamic range of the photosensor element and improving the image quality.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a main configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal panel in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main part of the liquid crystal panel in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of the pixel switching element in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the photosensor element in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a main configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a second transparent electrode in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation when detecting the position of the detection object in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state when the photosensor element 32 generates light reception data in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a top view showing the relationship between the liquid crystal lens formed in the liquid crystal layer and the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a modification of the second transparent electrode in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 2 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region including the
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 3 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 3 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a portion formed in the sensor region including the region corresponding to the light receiving region of the photosensor element in the second transparent electrode in the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram schematically illustrating a main configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view showing a second transparent electrode in Embodiment 4 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a portion corresponding to the sensor region in the liquid crystal layer functions as a liquid crystal lens in the fourth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 5 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a plan view showing a second transparent electrode in Embodiment 5 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a portion corresponding to the sensor region in the liquid crystal layer functions as a liquid crystal lens in the fifth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 6 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 7 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of the liquid crystal display device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a voltage is applied between the lower electrode and the upper electrode in the eighth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of the liquid crystal display device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the horizontal movement element moves the glass substrate in the ninth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 10 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a voltage is applied between the lower electrode and the upper electrode in the eighth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of the liquid crystal display device according to the ninth
- FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a portion corresponding to the sensor region in the liquid crystal layer functions as a liquid crystal lens in the tenth embodiment according to the invention.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram schematically showing a main configuration of a liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 11 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 11 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating a process of manufacturing a lens unit according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram showing a main part when the photosensor element receives reflected light from which infrared rays are reflected in the embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a main part when the photosensor element receives reflected light from which infrared rays are reflected in the embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the configuration of the pixel switching element in the embodiment according to the invention.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing an electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing an electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the invention is applied.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- Embodiment 1 in the case of an external liquid crystal lens
- Embodiment 2 in the case of an external liquid crystal lens
- Embodiment 3 in the case of an external liquid crystal lens
- Embodiment 4 when liquid crystal lens is built-in) 5).
- Embodiment 5 when liquid crystal lens is built-in) 6).
- Embodiment 6 When liquid crystal lens is built-in) 7).
- Embodiment 7 when liquid crystal lens is built-in) 8).
- Embodiment 8 in the case of an external liquid lens
- Embodiment 9 in the case of an external convex lens
- Embodiment 10 when the light shielding wall 203S is installed with a built-in liquid crystal lens
- Embodiment 11 when the external liquid crystal lens is a fixed focus type
- Embodiment 1 in the case of an external liquid crystal lens
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a main configuration of a liquid crystal display device 100 in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 of the present embodiment includes a liquid crystal panel 200, a light amount adjustment unit 210, a backlight 300, and a data processing unit 400, as shown in FIG. Each part will be described sequentially.
- the liquid crystal panel 200 has a first polarizing plate 206 facing one side and a second polarizing plate 207 facing the other side.
- the backlight 300 is arranged on one side so as to face the first polarizing plate 206.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of the liquid crystal panel 200 in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main part of the liquid crystal panel 200 in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention.
- the liquid crystal panel 200 is an active matrix system, and includes a TFT array substrate 201, a counter substrate 202, and a liquid crystal layer 203 as shown in FIG.
- the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202 face each other so as to be spaced apart from each other.
- a liquid crystal layer 203 is provided so as to be sandwiched between the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202.
- the liquid crystal panel 200 is a transmissive type. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal panel 200 has the first polarization on the back surface of the TFT array substrate 201 opposite to the surface facing the counter substrate 202. Irradiation through the plate 206. In the liquid crystal panel 200, the illumination light R is transmitted to the front and emitted through the second polarizing plate 207.
- the liquid crystal panel 200 is provided with a pixel area PA as shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal panel 200 in the pixel area PA, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of pixels P are arranged in a matrix in each of the horizontal direction x and the vertical direction y.
- the illumination light R irradiated on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 200 is modulated, and the modulated illumination light R is transmitted to the front side, whereby an image is displayed.
- the pixel P in the pixel area PA includes a TFT (not shown) that functions as a pixel switching element, and the TFT that is the pixel switching element performs switching control of the pixel P, whereby the illumination light R Modulate. Then, the modulated illumination light R is emitted to the front side, and an image is displayed in the pixel area PA. Here, for example, a color image is displayed.
- the liquid crystal panel 200 is configured as a so-called I / O touch panel, and the pixel P is provided with a photosensor element (not shown) that functions as a position sensor element.
- this photosensor element is, for example, a photodiode, and receives incident light H incident from the front side in the liquid crystal panel 200 in a light receiving region and photoelectrically converts it as shown in FIG. As a result, light reception data is generated. That is, the reflected light traveling from the counter substrate 202 side to the TFT array substrate 201 side is received to generate received light data.
- the photo sensor element receives light reflected by the detected object and generates received light data. To do.
- the liquid crystal panel 200 is provided with a peripheral area CA so as to surround the periphery of the pixel area PA.
- a display vertical drive circuit 11 As shown in FIG. 3, in the liquid crystal panel 200, a display vertical drive circuit 11, a display horizontal drive circuit 12, a sensor vertical drive circuit 13, and a sensor horizontal drive circuit 14 are formed in the peripheral area CA.
- each of these circuits is composed of a TFT (not shown) that functions as the pixel switching element and a semiconductor element that is formed in the same manner as a photosensor element (not shown) that functions as a position sensor element.
- the display vertical drive circuit 11 and the display horizontal drive circuit 12 drive a TFT provided as a pixel switching element so as to correspond to the pixel P in the pixel area PA, and execute image display.
- the sensor vertical drive circuit 13 and the sensor horizontal drive circuit 14 drive a photosensor element (not shown) provided as a position sensor element so as to correspond to the pixel P in the pixel area PA, and collect light reception data. To do.
- the display vertical drive circuit 11 extends in the vertical direction y as shown in FIG.
- the display vertical drive circuit 11 is connected to the gate electrode of each TFT (not shown) formed as a pixel switching element so as to correspond to the plurality of pixels P in the vertical direction y.
- the display vertical drive circuit 11 sequentially supplies scanning signals to a plurality of TFTs arranged in the vertical direction y based on the supplied control signal.
- a gate line (not shown) is connected to each of the plurality of TFTs formed corresponding to the plurality of pixels P arranged in the horizontal direction x, and the gate lines correspond to the plurality of pixels P arranged in the vertical direction y.
- a plurality are formed so as to. Therefore, the display vertical drive circuit 11 sequentially supplies scanning signals to the plurality of gate lines.
- the horizontal driving circuit 12 for display extends in the horizontal direction x as shown in FIG.
- the display horizontal drive circuit 12 is connected to the source electrode of each TFT (not shown) formed as a pixel switching element so as to correspond to the plurality of pixels P in the horizontal direction x.
- the display horizontal drive circuit 12 sequentially supplies data signals to the plurality of TFTs arranged in the vertical direction y based on the supplied control signal.
- a signal line (not shown) is connected to each of the plurality of TFTs formed corresponding to the plurality of pixels P arranged in the vertical direction y, and the signal lines correspond to the plurality of pixels P arranged in the horizontal direction x.
- a plurality are formed so as to. For this reason, the display horizontal drive circuit 12 sequentially supplies video data signals to the plurality of signal lines.
- the sensor vertical drive circuit 13 extends in the vertical direction y as shown in FIG.
- the sensor vertical drive circuit 13 is connected to each photosensor element (not shown) formed as a position sensor element so as to correspond to the plurality of pixels P in the vertical direction y. Based on the supplied control signal, the sensor vertical drive circuit 13 selects a photosensor element from which received light data is read out among the plurality of photosensor elements arranged in the vertical direction y.
- a gate line (not shown) is connected to each of the plurality of photosensor elements formed corresponding to the plurality of pixels P arranged in the horizontal direction x, and the plurality of pixels in which the gate lines are arranged in the vertical direction y.
- a plurality are formed so as to correspond to P. Therefore, the sensor vertical drive circuit 13 supplies a scanning signal so as to sequentially select the plurality of gate lines.
- the sensor horizontal drive circuit 14 extends in the horizontal direction x as shown in FIG.
- the sensor horizontal drive circuit 14 is connected to each photosensor element (not shown) formed as a position sensor element so as to correspond to the plurality of pixels P in the horizontal direction x.
- the sensor horizontal drive circuit 14 sequentially reads the received light data from the plurality of photosensor elements arranged in the vertical direction y based on the supplied control signal.
- a signal readout line (not shown) is connected to each of the plurality of photosensor elements formed corresponding to the plurality of pixels P arranged in the vertical direction y, and the plurality of signal readout lines are arranged in the horizontal direction x.
- a plurality of pixels are formed so as to correspond to the pixels P. Therefore, the sensor horizontal drive circuit 14 sequentially reads the received light data from the photosensor elements via the plurality of signal readout lines, and then outputs them to the position detection unit 402.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 faces the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 200, and adjusts the amount of incident light H incident on the pixel area PA on the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 includes a lens, and changes the focal position of the lens with respect to the light receiving region where the photo sensor element receives light and generates light reception data. Adjust the amount of light incident on the sensor element.
- the backlight 300 is provided on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 200 so as to face the back surface of the liquid crystal panel 200, and emits the illumination light R to the pixel area PA of the liquid crystal panel 200. .
- the backlight 300 includes a light source 301 and a light guide plate 302 that converts light emitted from the light source 301 into diffused light by diffusing light. Plane light is irradiated as illumination light R on the entire surface of the pixel area PA of the panel 200.
- the light source 301 of the backlight 300 is provided at one end of the light guide plate 302 and emits visible light.
- the light source 301 is a white LED, and irradiates white visible light from the irradiation surface. Then, the white visible light emitted from the light source 301 is diffused in the light guide plate 302 and is applied to the back surface of the liquid crystal panel 200 from one surface of the light guide plate 302 as planar light.
- the data processing unit 400 includes a control unit 401 and a position detection unit 402 as shown in FIG.
- the data processing unit 400 includes a computer, and is configured such that the computer operates as each unit according to a program.
- the control unit 401 of the data processing unit 400 is configured to control operations of the liquid crystal panel 200, the light amount adjustment unit 210, and the backlight 300.
- control unit 401 controls the operation of a plurality of pixel switching elements (not shown) provided in the liquid crystal panel 200 by supplying a control signal to the liquid crystal panel 200.
- control unit 401 executes line sequential driving.
- control unit 401 controls the operation of the backlight 300 by supplying a control signal to the backlight 300 and irradiates the illumination light R from the backlight 300.
- the control unit 401 displays an image on the pixel area PA of the liquid crystal panel 200 by controlling the operations of the liquid crystal panel 200 and the backlight 300. That is, the control unit 401 performs a display operation for displaying an image in the pixel area PA.
- the control unit 401 controls the operation of a plurality of photosensor elements (not shown) provided as position sensor elements in the liquid crystal panel 200 by supplying a control signal to the liquid crystal panel 200, and receives light from the photosensor elements. Collect data. For example, the control unit 401 collects received light data by executing line sequential driving. That is, the control unit 401 executes an imaging operation for causing the photosensor element to receive light.
- control unit 401 executes an imaging operation for causing the photosensor element to receive light and a display operation for displaying an image in the pixel area PA of the liquid crystal panel 200 in a time-sharing manner. Control. In other words, the control unit 401 executes the imaging operation and the display operation at different times.
- control unit 401 controls the operation of the light amount adjusting unit 210 by supplying a control signal to the light amount adjusting unit 210.
- control unit 401 controls the operation of the light amount adjustment unit 210 based on the light reception data generated by the photosensor element.
- the control unit 401 controls the amount of light so that the amount of incident light H incident on the photosensor element is reduced.
- the operation of the adjustment unit 210 is adjusted. That is, the control unit 401 compares the value of the light reception data generated by the photosensor element with a preset reference value, and when the value of the light reception data is equal to or greater than the reference value, as described above.
- Implement control For example, when the value of the received light data generated by the photosensor element is the upper limit value of the dynamic range, the light amount adjustment unit 210 is operated so that the amount of incident light H incident on the photosensor element is reduced. adjust.
- the position detection unit 402 of the data processing unit 400 detects a position where a detection target such as a user's finger or a touch pen is in contact with or close to the pixel area PA on the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200.
- the position detection unit 402 performs this position detection based on light reception data collected from a plurality of photosensor elements (not shown) provided in the liquid crystal panel 200.
- the position detection unit 402 detects a coordinate position where the signal intensity of the received light data is larger than a reference value as a coordinate position where the detected object is in contact with the pixel area PA.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 includes a liquid crystal panel 200, and the liquid crystal panel 200 includes a TFT array substrate 201, a counter substrate 202, and a liquid crystal layer 203.
- the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202 are bonded to each other with a space therebetween, and the space between the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202 is A liquid crystal layer 203 is provided.
- the 1st polarizing plate 206 is arrange
- the 2nd polarizing plate 207 is arrange
- the liquid crystal panel 200 is, for example, a TN (TN: Twisted Nematic) type, and the transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 206 and the second polarizing plate 207 intersect with each other so as to correspond to, for example, a normally white method. Has been placed.
- the first polarizing plate 206 is disposed on the surface of the TFT array substrate 201 opposite to the side facing the counter substrate 202.
- the first polarizing plate 206 is disposed such that the transmission axis is in the y direction, for example.
- the second polarizing plate 207 is disposed on the surface of the counter substrate 202 opposite to the side facing the TFT array substrate 201.
- the second polarizing plate 207 is disposed such that the transmission axis is along the x direction, for example.
- the second polarizing plate 207 is provided so that the transmission axis is along the direction of the refractive index difference distribution of a liquid crystal lens (not shown) provided in the light amount adjustment unit 210.
- the TFT array substrate 201 includes a glass substrate 201g as shown in FIG.
- the glass substrate 201g is an insulating substrate that transmits light, and is formed of glass.
- a pixel switching element 31, a photosensor element 32, a pixel electrode 62a, and a transparent electrode 62c are formed on the surface of the glass substrate 201g facing the counter substrate 202. Has been.
- the pixel switching element 31 is formed in the display area TA of the pixel area PA as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the pixel switching element 31 in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- the pixel switching element 31 includes a gate electrode 45, a gate insulating film 46g, and a semiconductor layer 48, and is formed as a bottom gate type TFT having an LDD (Lightly Doped Drain) structure.
- the pixel switching element 31 is formed as an N-channel TFT.
- the gate electrode 45 is formed using a metal material such as molybdenum (Mo).
- Mo molybdenum
- the gate electrode 45 is provided on the surface of the glass substrate 201g so as to face the channel region 48C of the semiconductor layer 48 through the gate insulating film 46g.
- the gate electrode 45 is electrically connected to a scanning line (not shown).
- the gate insulating film 46g is formed so as to cover the gate electrode 45, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the gate insulating film 46g is formed, for example, by sequentially laminating a silicon nitride film (not shown) and a silicon oxide film (not shown) from the glass substrate 201g side.
- the semiconductor layer 48 is made of, for example, polysilicon.
- a channel region 48C is formed so as to correspond to the gate electrode 45, and a pair of source / drain regions 48A, 48B are formed so as to sandwich the channel region 48C.
- a pair of low-concentration impurity regions 48AL and 48BL are formed so as to sandwich the channel region 48C.
- a pair of high-concentration impurity regions 48AH and 48BH having a higher impurity concentration than the low-concentration impurity regions 48AL and 48BL are formed so as to sandwich the pair of low-concentration impurity regions 48AL and 48BL.
- the semiconductor layer 48 is covered with an interlayer insulating film Sz.
- the interlayer insulating film Sz is formed of a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxide film, or the like.
- each of the source electrode 53 and the drain electrode 54 is formed using a conductive material such as aluminum.
- the source electrode 53 is provided so as to be electrically connected to one of the source / drain regions 48A by embedding a conductive material in a contact hole penetrating the interlayer insulating film Sz and performing pattern processing.
- the drain electrode 54 is provided so as to be electrically connected to the other source / drain region 48B by embedding a conductive material in a contact hole penetrating the interlayer insulating film Sz and patterning it. ing.
- the pixel switching element 31 is covered with an interlayer insulating film 60a as shown in FIG. 4 and is not shown, but the source electrode 53 shown in FIG. 5 is provided on the interlayer insulating film 60a.
- the data line S1 is electrically connected.
- a planarizing film 60b is provided on the interlayer insulating film 60a so as to cover the data line S1, and although not shown, the drain electrode 54 shown in FIG. Are electrically connected to the pixel electrode 62a provided on the planarizing film 60b.
- the photo sensor element 32 is formed in the sensor area RA of the pixel area PA as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the photosensor element 32 in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- the photo sensor element 32 is, for example, a photodiode, and includes a metal reflection layer 43 and a semiconductor layer 47 as shown in FIG. Then, the photo sensor element 32 receives incident light and photoelectrically converts it to generate and read out light reception data. For example, when a reverse bias is applied, the photocurrent is read as received light data.
- the metal reflection layer 43 is formed using a metal material such as molybdenum (Mo), for example, in the same manner as the gate electrode 45.
- Mo molybdenum
- the metal reflection layer 43 is provided on the surface of the glass substrate 201g so as to face the i layer 47i of the semiconductor layer 47 through the insulating film 46s.
- the glass substrate 201g is shielded by reflecting the illumination light incident on the semiconductor layer 47 from the surface opposite to the surface on which the metal reflective layer 43 is provided.
- the semiconductor layer 47 is formed on the surface of the glass substrate 201g as shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor layer 47 is made of, for example, polycrystalline silicon, and is formed by patterning the same semiconductor thin film as the semiconductor layer 48 of the pixel switching element 31.
- the semiconductor layer 47 includes a p-layer 47p, an n-layer 47n, and an i-layer 47i, and is configured so that the photosensor element 32 has a PIN structure.
- the semiconductor layer 47 receives incident incident light H and performs photoelectric conversion. To generate a charge. That is, the semiconductor layer 47 is formed as a photoelectric conversion layer.
- the p layer 47p is formed by highly doped p-type impurities
- the n layer 47n is formed by highly doped n-type impurities
- the i layer 47i has a high resistance. In this case, it is interposed between the p layer 47p and the n layer 47n.
- the semiconductor layer 47 is provided such that each of the n layer 47n, the i layer 47i, and the p layer 47p is sequentially arranged along the surface direction xy on the glass substrate 201g.
- the i layer 47i is provided so as to face the metal reflective layer 43 through the insulating film 46s.
- Each of the n layer 47n and the p layer 47p is provided so as to sandwich the i layer 47i in the surface direction xy of the glass substrate 201g. That is, the photosensor element 32 is configured such that the semiconductor layer 47 on which photoelectric conversion is performed has a lateral structure in which current flows in the surface direction xy of the liquid crystal panel 200.
- the first electrode 51 is provided so as to be connected to the n layer 47n.
- the n layer 47n extends from the portion corresponding to the i layer 47i in the surface direction xy of the glass substrate 201g, and is formed on the surface of the extended portion.
- the first electrode 51 is formed using a metal material such as aluminum.
- the second electrode 52 is provided so as to be electrically connected to the p layer 47p.
- the p layer 47p extends from the portion corresponding to the i layer 47i in the surface direction xy of the glass substrate 201g, and is formed on the surface of the extended portion.
- the second electrode 52 is formed using a metal material such as aluminum.
- Each of the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 is provided with a contact hole so that the surface of the n layer 47n and the p layer 47p is exposed after forming the interlayer insulating film Sz so as to cover the semiconductor layer 47. Thereafter, a conductive material is buried in the contact hole. For example, it is formed by embedding a conductive material such as a metal material in a contact hole and then patterning it.
- the photo sensor element 32 is covered with an interlayer insulating film 60a, and the photo sensor element 32 is driven by the drive wiring HD provided in the interlayer insulating film 60a. Then, light reception data generated by photoelectric conversion in the photo sensor element 32 is read through the data line S2 provided in the interlayer insulating film 60a.
- the pixel electrode 62a is formed on the planarizing film 60b so as to correspond to the display area TA, and is connected to the drain electrode 54 of the pixel switching element 31. ing.
- the pixel electrode 62a is a so-called transparent electrode, and is formed using, for example, ITO.
- the pixel electrode 62 a applies a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 203 between the pixel electrode 62 a and the counter electrode 23 provided on the counter substrate 202 shown in FIG. 4 so as to modulate the light illuminated by the backlight 300.
- the transparent electrode 62c is formed on the planarizing film 60b so as to correspond to the sensor region RA, as shown in FIG.
- the transparent electrode 62c is formed using ITO, for example, similarly to the pixel electrode 62a.
- the transparent electrode 62c is not electrically connected to the pixel switching element 31, and is provided independently of the pixel electrode 62a.
- the counter substrate 202 has an insulating glass substrate 202g that transmits light, and faces the TFT array substrate 201 at a distance as shown in FIG. is doing.
- the color filter layer 21 and the counter electrode 23 are formed on the glass substrate 202g.
- the color filter layer 21 in the counter substrate 202 is a display area TA of the pixel area PA, and is formed on the surface of the counter substrate 202 facing the TFT array substrate 201.
- the color filter layer 21 is configured such that the illumination light R emitted from the backlight 300 is colored and transmitted from the TFT array substrate 201 side to the counter substrate 202 side.
- the color filter layer 21 is provided for each pixel P, for example, with a red filter layer 21R, a green filter layer 21G, and a blue filter layer 21B as one set.
- the pixel switching element 31 and the pixel electrode 62a described above are provided so as to correspond to the red filter layer 21R, the green filter layer 21G, and the blue filter layer 21B, respectively. Yes.
- the counter electrode 23 is formed on the surface of the counter substrate 202 facing the TFT array substrate 201 as shown in FIG.
- the counter electrode 23 is a so-called transparent electrode, and is formed using, for example, ITO.
- a planarizing film 22 is provided so as to cover the color filter layer 21, and the counter electrode 23 functions as a common electrode on the planarizing film 22. It is provided on the entire surface in a solid shape.
- the liquid crystal layer 203 is sandwiched between the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202 as shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal layer 203 is sealed between the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202 at a distance that is maintained at a predetermined distance by a spacer (not shown).
- the liquid crystal layer 203 is aligned by a liquid crystal alignment film (not shown) formed on the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 includes a light amount adjusting unit 210 as shown in FIG.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 has a panel shape and is disposed on the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200 so as to face the liquid crystal panel 200.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 includes a first glass substrate 211, a second glass substrate 212, and a liquid crystal layer 213, and the first glass substrate 211, the second glass substrate 212, Are pasted at intervals.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210 is provided with a liquid crystal layer 213 in the interval between the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212.
- the first glass substrate 211, the liquid crystal layer 213, and the second glass substrate 212 are arranged in order from the liquid crystal panel 200 side.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 is configured to adjust the amount of light incident on the i layer 47 i of the photosensor element 32.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210 is configured such that the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 213 corresponding to the sensor region RA functions as a liquid crystal lens. Then, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal constituting the liquid crystal lens, and the focal direction of the liquid crystal lens is changed by changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal, thereby entering the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32. Adjust the amount of light.
- Each part of the light amount adjustment unit 210 will be described in order.
- the first glass substrate 211 is an insulating substrate that transmits light, and is formed of glass.
- the first glass substrate 211 is disposed so as to face the counter substrate 202 on the counter substrate 202 side of the liquid crystal panel 200.
- One transparent electrode 62d is formed in the first glass substrate 211.
- the first transparent electrode 62d is formed of, for example, ITO and transmits light.
- the first transparent electrode 62d is formed so as to cover the entire surface of the first glass substrate 211 facing the second glass substrate 212 in a solid shape. ing.
- the second glass substrate 212 is an insulating substrate that transmits light, and is formed of glass.
- the second glass substrate 212 is arranged so as to face the counter substrate 202 of the liquid crystal panel 200 with the first glass substrate 211 and the liquid crystal layer 213 interposed therebetween.
- the second transparent electrode 62 e is formed on the surface facing the first glass substrate 211.
- the second transparent electrode 62e is made of, for example, ITO and transmits light.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the second transparent electrode 62e in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- the second transparent electrode 62 e of the second glass substrate 212 is formed so as to cover the surface of the second glass substrate 212 facing the first glass substrate 211. Yes.
- the second transparent electrode 62e is provided with an opening TK in a portion including a region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA.
- the opening TK of the second transparent electrode 62e has an area larger than the area of the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 and is formed to be circular.
- the liquid crystal layer 213 is sandwiched between the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212 as shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal layer 213 is sealed between the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212 at a distance that maintains a predetermined distance by a spacer (not shown).
- the liquid crystal layer 213 is aligned by a liquid crystal alignment film (not shown) formed on the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212.
- the liquid crystal layer 213 is formed using a liquid crystal material having a dielectric anisotropy ⁇ > 0, and the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212 face each other as shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal molecules are horizontally aligned so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is along the plane direction.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation when detecting the position of the detected object in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- the photo sensor element 32 provided in the sensor region RA in the liquid crystal panel 200 receives the incident light H, thereby generating light reception data.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the photosensor element 32 generates light reception data in the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210 applies a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 213 between the first transparent electrode 62 d and the second transparent electrode 62 e, and the sensor region in the liquid crystal layer 213.
- the part corresponding to RA is made to function as the liquid crystal lens LN. That is, the light amount adjusting unit 210 forms the liquid crystal lens LN that is a gradient index lens.
- the focus of the liquid crystal lens LN in the light amount adjustment unit 210 is set to a state where it is aligned with the center of the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- a potential difference is generated between the first transparent electrode 62d and the second transparent electrode 62e.
- the alignment direction is maintained without rotating the liquid crystal molecules and the phase difference is large, but the central portion of the opening TK As the liquid crystal molecules move from one end to the other, the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules increases and the phase difference becomes small.
- the liquid crystal lens LN which is a gradient index lens, has polarization dependency. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, when the direction of the refractive index difference distribution in the liquid crystal lens LN is along the x direction, the incident light H incident on the liquid crystal lens LN is in the x direction. The polarized light that oscillates to the second polarizing plate 207 is transmitted.
- the second polarizing plate 207 is arranged so that the transmission axis is along the x direction. For this reason, in the present embodiment, as described above, the incident light H can be condensed on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- incident light H collected on the photosensor element 32 from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200 is received by the photosensor element 32 in the light receiving region JSa and photoelectrically converted to generate received light data. To do.
- FIG. 10 is a top view showing the relationship between the liquid crystal lens LN formed in the liquid crystal layer 213 and the second polarizing plate 207 in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention.
- the liquid crystal lens LN includes a portion where the direction KD of the refractive index difference distribution is along the x direction.
- the second polarizing plate 207 has a transmission axis TJ along the x direction.
- the direction KD of the refractive index difference distribution in the liquid crystal lens LN and the direction of the transmission axis TJ of the second polarizing plate 207 include a portion where they are coincident with each other. Therefore, the incident light H (visible light) transmitted as polarized light by the liquid crystal lens is transmitted through the second polarizing plate 207. Therefore, the incident light H can be condensed on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- control unit 401 determines whether or not the value of the light reception data generated by the photosensor element 32 is greater than or equal to the reference value.
- the control unit 401 determines that the value is within the reference value range.
- control unit 401 controls the operation of the light amount adjusting unit 210 by supplying a control signal to the light amount adjusting unit 210.
- control unit 401 adjusts the operation of the light amount adjustment unit 210 so that the amount of incident light H incident on the photosensor element 32 is reduced.
- the control unit 401 adjusts so that the potential difference distribution is eliminated between the first transparent electrode 62d and the second transparent electrode 62e. do. Accordingly, the incident light H is incident on the photosensor element 32 without condensing the incident light H incident from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200.
- the liquid crystal lens is not focused on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the light amount adjustment unit 210, and incident light H is received by the photosensor element 32 from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200 to the photosensor element 32.
- the light is incident on the region JSa.
- the focal length of the liquid crystal lens may be changed in a plurality of stages based on the received light data.
- a lookup table that associates the value of the received light data with the value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 when the received light data is acquired is stored in the storage medium. Then, the control unit 401 extracts the voltage value corresponding to the value of the received light data obtained above from the lookup table, and then controls the voltage to be applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 with the extracted voltage value. carry out.
- the photo sensor element 32 provided in the sensor region RA in the liquid crystal panel 200 receives the incident light H, thereby generating light reception data.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 eliminates the potential difference distribution between the first transparent electrode 62d and the second transparent electrode 62e, and enters from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200.
- the light H is not condensed.
- the photosensor element 32 receives the incident light H in the light receiving region JSa, and generates light reception data.
- the position detection unit 402 of the data processing unit 400 performs pixel detection based on the light reception data collected from the plurality of photosensor elements 32 provided in the liquid crystal panel 200 as described above.
- a position where the detected object is in contact with or close to the area PA is detected.
- the coordinate position where the signal intensity of the received light data is larger than the reference value is detected as the coordinate position where the detected object contacts in the pixel area PA.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210 eliminates the potential difference distribution between the first transparent electrode 62d and the second transparent electrode 62e and does not collect the incident light H incident from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200. Execute the image display.
- the present embodiment can more efficiently collect light.
- the photosensor element 32 that generates the light reception data by receiving the incident light H in the light receiving region JSa is a pixel on which an image is displayed on the liquid crystal panel 200. It is provided in the area PA.
- a light amount adjustment unit 210 that adjusts the amount of light incident on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32 is disposed so as to face the liquid crystal panel 200, and the operation of the light amount adjustment unit 210 is controlled by the control unit 401. Control.
- the control unit 401 controls the operation of the light amount adjustment unit 210 based on the light reception data generated by the photosensor element 32.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 includes a liquid crystal lens, applies a voltage to the liquid crystal constituting the liquid crystal lens, changes the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and changes the focal length of the liquid crystal lens.
- the amount of light incident on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32 is adjusted. For example, when the value of the light reception data generated by the photosensor element 32 is the upper limit value of the dynamic range, the light amount adjustment unit 210 adjusts so that the amount of incident light H incident on the photosensor element 32 is reduced. To do.
- the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 can be ensured.
- the light transmittance does not decrease. For this reason, this embodiment can improve image quality.
- the opening TK of the second transparent electrode 62e is formed to have an area larger than the area of the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the liquid crystal lens is provided in such a manner that the size of the liquid crystal lens is larger in the sensor area RA than the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32. That is, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal lens size is larger than the active region in the photosensor element 32. For this reason, this embodiment has an effect which can condense effectively.
- the incident light H is condensed on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 using a liquid crystal lens that is a refractive index distribution type lens that does not use refraction on the surface.
- a lens such as a spherical lens that utilizes refraction on the surface
- incident light may be regularly reflected on the surface to reduce visibility, but in this embodiment, the surface is flat. Since a liquid crystal lens is used, the occurrence of this problem can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the liquid crystal lens has polarization dependency, it does not adversely affect the display light that is polarized light, and the deterioration of the image quality in the liquid crystal panel can be prevented.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a modification of the second transparent electrode 62e in the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- the opening TK of the second transparent electrode 62e may be formed in a rectangular shape.
- the liquid crystal lens can function as a cylindrical lens.
- the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 207 is arranged along the x direction as described above. By doing so, the incident light H can be condensed on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- Embodiment 2 (in the case of an external liquid crystal lens)>
- Embodiment 2 according to the present invention will be described.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100b according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 of the light amount adjustment unit 210b. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 of the light amount adjustment unit 210b covers the surface on the side facing the first glass substrate 211 in the second glass substrate 212, as in the first embodiment. It is formed to do.
- the portion including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA includes a plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef. Are formed at intervals.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region RA including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 in the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- (a) is a plan view.
- (B) shows the distribution of the voltage V applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_2 and the first transparent electrode 62d in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2.
- (C) shows the distribution of the phase difference Re obtained in the liquid crystal layer 213 in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2 when the voltage V is applied as shown in (b).
- a circular transparent electrode is centered.
- 62ea is provided.
- a plurality of transparent electrodes 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef are formed around the periphery so as to draw a circle.
- the transparent electrodes 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef formed so as to draw a plurality of circles have a radius that gradually increases from the center to the periphery of the transparent electrode 62ea at the center. It is formed to be large. In the present embodiment, the line width for drawing the circle is formed so as to be gradually reduced from the center toward the periphery.
- the wiring Had is formed so as to electrically connect the transparent electrode 62ea at the center and the transparent electrode 62ed formed fourth from the center to the periphery.
- the wiring Hbe is formed so as to electrically connect the transparent electrode 62eb formed second from the center to the periphery and the transparent electrode 62ee formed fifth.
- the wiring Hcf is formed so as to electrically connect the third transparent electrode 62ec formed from the center to the periphery and the sixth transparent electrode 62ef formed.
- These wirings Had, Hbe, and Hcf are not shown in FIG. 12, but are provided on the surface of the second glass substrate 212 that faces the first glass substrate 211. These wirings Had, Hbe, and Hcf are covered with an interlayer insulating film (not shown), and a second transparent electrode 62e_2 is formed on the interlayer insulating film.
- a plurality of wirings Had, Hbe, and Hcf are indicated by straight lines, and contacts connected to the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef are indicated by dots.
- the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef constituting the second transparent electrode 62e_2 are formed so as to satisfy the following expressions (1) and (2).
- the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the first transparent electrode 62d can function as a liquid crystal lens of a Fresnel lens.
- r is the Fresnel zone
- ⁇ is the wavelength of the incident light
- f is the focal length of the liquid crystal lens
- M is the number of Fresnel zones
- L is the number of divisions for each Fresnel zone.
- each part is formed so that r corresponds to the distance from the center of the circle to the outer ends of the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef.
- the first voltage distribution V1 in FIG. 13B by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 213, the first phase difference distribution Re1 shown in FIG. 13C is obtained. Obtainable. Further, as shown as the second voltage distribution V2 in FIG. 13B, a second phase difference distribution Re2 can be obtained in FIG. 13C by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 213. . Therefore, by performing the voltage application in the first voltage distribution V1 and the voltage application in the second voltage distribution V2 at the same time, as shown by the parabolic dotted line in FIG. It can function as a lens.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210b can function as a Fresnel lens whose focal length can be changed according to the voltage, so that it is incident on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the amount of light can be changed.
- the photosensor element 32 exceeds the dynamic range, adjustment is performed so that the function as a lens is not exhibited.
- the fourth transparent electrode 62ed and the fifth transparent electrode 62ee from the inside are set to the same potential.
- the present embodiment can secure the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 as in the first embodiment.
- the pattern of the portion formed in the sensor region RA including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 is not limited to the above.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region RA including a region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention. It is.
- (a) is a plan view.
- (B) shows the distribution of the voltage V applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_2 and the first transparent electrode 62d in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2.
- (C) shows the distribution of the phase difference Re obtained in the liquid crystal layer 213 in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2 when the voltage V is applied as shown in (b).
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 of the light amount adjusting unit 210b is formed with a plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea to 62ep sequentially spaced from each other from the center.
- a circular transparent electrode 62ea is provided at the center, and the plurality of transparent electrodes 62eb to 62ep are formed so as to draw a circle around the transparent electrode 62ea.
- Each of the transparent electrodes 62eb to 62ep formed so as to draw a plurality of circles has a radius that increases sequentially from the center to the periphery of the transparent electrode 62ea at the center. .
- yen is a very small width
- the wirings Ha to Hp are electrically connected independently to the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea to 62ep.
- the voltage V is applied in the same manner as in the example shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region RA including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention. It is.
- FIG. 15A is a plan view.
- (B) shows the distribution of the voltage V applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_2 and the first transparent electrode 62d in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2.
- (C) shows the distribution of the phase difference Re obtained in the liquid crystal layer 213 in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2 when the voltage V is applied as shown in (b).
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 of the light amount adjusting unit 210b is formed in the same manner as the second transparent electrode 62e_2 shown in FIG.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 of the light amount adjusting unit 210b is formed with a plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea to 62ep sequentially spaced from each other from the center.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210b can function as a Fresnel lens whose focal length can be changed according to the voltage, and thus can change the amount of light incident on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region RA including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention. It is.
- (a) is a plan view.
- (B) shows the distribution of the voltage V applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_2 and the first transparent electrode 62d in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2.
- (C) shows the distribution of the phase difference Re obtained in the liquid crystal layer 213 in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2 when the voltage V is applied as shown in (b).
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 includes a plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2, 62ed1, 62ed2, 62ee1, 62ee2, 62ef1, and 62ef2 spaced apart from each other. Is formed.
- a transparent electrode 62ea extending in a stripe shape is provided at the center.
- a plurality of transparent electrodes 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2, 62ed1, 62ed2, 62ee1, 62ee2, 62ef1, and 62ef2 are formed in a stripe shape so as to sandwich the central transparent electrode 62ea at both ends. .
- the plurality of transparent electrodes 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1,..., 62ef1, 62ef2 are formed in such a manner that the line widths are successively reduced at both ends of the central transparent electrode 62ea from the center toward the outside. Has been.
- a plurality of wirings Had1, Had2, Hbe1, Hbe2, Hcf1, Hcf2 are provided. It is connected.
- the wirings Had1, Had2 are connected so as to electrically connect the transparent electrode 62ea at the center and the transparent electrodes 62ed1, 62ed2 formed fourth from the center outward. Is formed in each. Then, the wirings Hbe1 and Hbe2 are connected so as to electrically connect the transparent electrodes 62eb1 and 62eb2 formed second from the center to the outside and the transparent electrodes 62ee1 and 62ee2 formed fifth. Each is formed.
- wirings Hcf1 and Hcf2 are formed so as to electrically connect the transparent electrodes 62ec1 and 62ec2 formed third from the center to the outside and the transparent electrodes 62ef1 and 62ef2 formed sixth.
- these wirings Had1, Had2, Hbe1, Hbe2, Hcf1, and Hcf2 are provided on the surface of the second glass substrate 212 facing the first glass substrate 211. It has been.
- These wirings Had1, Had2, Hbe1, Hbe2, Hcf1, and Hcf2 are covered with an interlayer insulating film (not shown), and a second transparent electrode 62e_2 is formed on the interlayer insulating film.
- the transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2, 62ed1, 62ed2, 62ee1, 62ee2, 62ef1, and 62ef2 constituting the second transparent electrode 62e_2 satisfy the relations of the above-described formulas (1) and (2). It is formed as follows.
- the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the first transparent electrode 62d can function as a liquid crystal lens of a Fresnel lens.
- each part is formed so that r corresponds to the distance from the central axis to the outer ends of the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef.
- the voltage V is applied in the same manner as in the example shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal lens can function as a cylindrical lens, and there is an advantage that the area of the light receiving region JSa in which the photosensor element 32 receives light can be increased.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a portion formed in the sensor region RA including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention. It is.
- (a) is a plan view.
- (B) shows the distribution of the voltage V applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_2 and the first transparent electrode 62d in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2.
- (C) shows the distribution of the phase difference Re obtained in the liquid crystal layer 213 in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2 when the voltage V is applied as shown in (b).
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 of the light amount adjusting unit 210b includes a plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2, ..., 62eo1, 62eo2 from the center. Sequentially spaced from each other. In the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2,..., 62eo1, 62eo2, a transparent electrode 62ea extending in a stripe shape is provided at the center.
- a plurality of transparent electrodes 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2,..., 62eo1, 62eo2 are formed extending in a stripe shape so as to sandwich the central transparent electrode 62ea at both ends.
- the transparent electrodes 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2,..., 62eo1, 62eo2 formed in a plurality of stripes have the same line width at both ends of the central transparent electrode 62ea, and are the same as each other. It is formed to become.
- the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb1, 62eb2, 62ec1, 62ec2,..., 62eo1, 62eo2 have a plurality of wirings Ha, Hb, Hc,. • Ho is connected.
- the wiring Ha is formed in the central transparent electrode 62ea.
- the wiring Hb is formed so as to electrically connect both the transparent electrodes 62eb1 and 62eb2 formed first outward from the transparent electrode 62ea at the center.
- a wiring Hc is formed so as to electrically connect both the transparent electrodes 62ec1 and 62ec2 formed second outward from the transparent electrode 62ea at the center.
- the wirings Hd,..., Ho are formed. These wirings Ha, Hb, Hc,..., Ho are covered with an interlayer insulating film (not shown), and a second transparent electrode 62e_2 is formed on the interlayer insulating film.
- FIG. 17B a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea to 62eo constituting the second transparent electrode 62e_2 and the first transparent electrode 62d. V is applied. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 17C, a phase difference Re is generated in the liquid crystal layer 213.
- the voltage V is applied as in the case of the example shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a portion formed in the sensor region RA including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_2 in the modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention. It is.
- FIG. 18 (a) is a plan view.
- (B) shows the distribution of the voltage V applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_2 and the first transparent electrode 62d in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2.
- (C) shows the distribution of the phase difference Re obtained in the liquid crystal layer 213 in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_2 when the voltage V is applied as shown in (b).
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 of the light amount adjusting unit 210b is formed in the same manner as the second transparent electrode 62e_2 shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal layer 213 can be used regardless of whether ⁇ is positive or negative.
- ⁇ ⁇ 0 is more preferable because the range of the phase difference generated with respect to the applied voltage becomes larger.
- Embodiment 3 (in the case of an external liquid crystal lens)>
- Embodiment 3 according to the present invention will be described.
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of the liquid crystal display device 100c in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the second transparent electrode 62e_3 of the light amount adjustment unit 210c. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_3 of the light amount adjustment unit 210c covers the surface of the second glass substrate 212 on the side facing the first glass substrate 211, as in the first embodiment. It is formed to do.
- the portion including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA is different from the first embodiment in that the bottom 62et and the side wall portion 62 es is formed.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a portion formed in the sensor region RA including the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the second transparent electrode 62e_3 in the second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 20 (a) is a plan view.
- (B) shows the distribution of the voltage V applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_3 and the first transparent electrode 62d in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_3. Yes.
- (c) shows a liquid crystal layer 213 when a voltage V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 sandwiched between the second transparent electrode 62e_3 and the first transparent electrode 62d, as shown in (b).
- the distribution of the phase difference Re obtained in FIG. 6 is shown in association with the second transparent electrode 62e_3.
- the bottom 62et constituting the second transparent electrode 62e_3 is formed in a disc shape.
- the bottom 62et is formed as a disk so that the center of the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 is the center.
- the side wall 62es is provided so as to surround a circle around the bottom 62et, and protrudes from the surface of the bottom 62et as shown in FIG. It is formed as follows.
- the wiring 62 is connected to the bottom 62et. Here, they are connected at the center of the bottom 62et. Moreover, the wiring Hs is connected in the side wall part 62es. Then, as shown in FIG. 19, these wirings Ht, Hs are provided on the surface of the second glass substrate 212 facing the first glass substrate 211, and are covered with the interlayer insulating film Sz. The second transparent electrode 62e is formed on the interlayer insulating film Sz.
- a potential is applied so that a potential difference is generated between the central portion of the bottom portion 62et constituting the second transparent electrode 62e_3 and the peripheral side wall portion 62es. That is, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 213 using the sheet resistance distribution. Here, the voltage is applied so that the phase difference Re is 2 ⁇ at the center of the bottom 62et.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210c can function as a lens whose focal length can be changed according to the voltage, and therefore can change the amount of light incident on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the present embodiment can secure the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 as in the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 4 (When Liquid Crystal Lens is Built-in)> Hereinafter, Embodiment 4 according to the present invention will be described.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram schematically illustrating the main configuration of a liquid crystal display device 100d in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100d according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA. Further, in FIG. 22, the transmission axis directions of the first polarizing plate 206 and the second polarizing plate 207 are displayed.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210d is not installed outside the liquid crystal panel 200d, but is installed inside the liquid crystal panel 200d as shown in FIG. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 d of this embodiment has a portion corresponding to the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the liquid crystal layer 203 sandwiched between the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202. It is configured to function as a liquid crystal lens (not shown). That is, the light amount adjustment unit 210d is configured to change the focal length of the liquid crystal lens by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal in the portion corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_4 and the second transparent electrode 62e_4 are formed in the sensor region RA.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_4 is provided on the surface of the TFT array substrate 201 facing the counter substrate 202 as shown in FIG.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_4 is formed so as to cover the surface of the portion corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 on the planarizing film 60b.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_4 is formed using ITO and transmits light.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_4 is formed so as to cover the surface of the counter substrate 202 facing the TFT array substrate 201. Similar to the first transparent electrode 62d_4, the second transparent electrode 62e_4 is formed using, for example, ITO and transmits light. Here, the second transparent electrode 62e_4 is formed on the planarizing film 22 so as to correspond to the sensor region RA.
- the 1st polarizing plate 206 is arrange
- the second polarizing plate 207 is arranged so that the transmission axis is along the x direction, for example.
- the second polarizing plate 207 is provided so that the transmission axis is along the direction of the refractive index difference distribution of the liquid crystal lens provided in the light amount adjusting unit 210d.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view showing the second transparent electrode 62e_4 in Embodiment 4 according to the present invention.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_4 is provided with an opening TK in a portion including a region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA.
- the opening TK of the second transparent electrode 62e_4 has an area larger than the area of the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 and is formed to be circular.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_4 is formed at a distance from the counter electrode 23.
- the liquid crystal layer 203 is formed using, for example, a liquid crystal material having a dielectric anisotropy ⁇ > 0, and as shown in FIG. 22, the direction of the surface where the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202 face each other.
- the liquid crystal molecules are horizontally aligned so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is along.
- the first transparent electrode 62d and the second transparent electrode 62e_4 are the same as in the first embodiment. In between, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 203.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the portion corresponding to the sensor region RA in the liquid crystal layer 203 is caused to function as the liquid crystal lens LN in the fourth embodiment according to the present invention.
- the incident light H collected on the photosensor element 32 from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200d is received by the photosensor element 32 in the light receiving area JSa and photoelectrically converted to generate received light data. Is done.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210d is installed inside the liquid crystal panel 200d.
- the present embodiment can secure the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 as well as the first embodiment, and the liquid crystal layer 203 of the liquid crystal panel 200d can function as the liquid crystal lens LN. Can be improved.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210d is externally attached to the liquid crystal panel 200d, it is difficult to accurately align, but this embodiment has high alignment accuracy and can suppress the occurrence of variations in light amount adjustment. is there.
- the 2nd transparent electrode 62e_4 provided with opening TK was provided in the opposing board
- substrate 202 it is not limited to this.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_4 provided with the opening TK is provided on the TFT array substrate 201 and the first transparent electrode 62d_4 provided with no opening TK is provided on the counter substrate 202, the same effect can be obtained. Can do.
- Embodiment 5 (When a liquid crystal lens is built-in)> The fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described below.
- FIG. 25 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of the liquid crystal display device 100e in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in the positions of the first transparent electrode 62d_5 and the second transparent electrode 62e_5 constituting the light amount adjusting unit 210e. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the fourth embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_5 is provided on the surface of the counter substrate 202 facing the TFT array substrate 201 as shown in FIG.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_5 is formed on the planarizing film 22 so as to cover the surface of the portion corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_5 is formed using ITO and transmits light.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_5 is formed so as to cover the surface of the TFT array substrate 201 facing the counter substrate 202. Similar to the first transparent electrode 62d_5, the second transparent electrode 62e_5 is formed using, for example, ITO and transmits light. Here, the second transparent electrode 62e_5 is formed on the planarizing film 60b so as to correspond to the sensor region RA.
- FIG. 26 is a plan view showing the second transparent electrode 62e_5 in Embodiment 5 according to the present invention.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_5 is provided with an opening TK in the sensor region RA including a region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the opening TK of the second transparent electrode 62e_5 has an area larger than the area of the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 and is formed to be circular.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_5 is formed at a distance from the pixel electrode 62a.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_5 and the second transparent electrode 62e_5 are the same as in the fourth embodiment. In between, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 203.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a portion corresponding to the sensor region RA in the liquid crystal layer 203 is caused to function as a liquid crystal lens in the fifth embodiment according to the present invention.
- the opening TK of the second transparent electrode 62e_5 As shown in FIG. 27, when a potential difference distribution is generated between the first transparent electrode 62d_5 and the second transparent electrode 62e_5, as in the fourth embodiment, the opening TK of the second transparent electrode 62e_5 The central portion is in a state where the alignment direction is maintained without rotating the liquid crystal molecules and the phase difference is large. However, in this case, as the opening TK moves from the center to the end, the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules increases and the phase difference becomes small. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the incident light H can be condensed on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- incident light H collected on the photosensor element 32 from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200e is received by the photosensor element 32 in the light receiving area JSa, and photoelectrically converted to generate received light data. Is done.
- the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 can be ensured, and the liquid crystal layer 203 of the liquid crystal panel 200e can function as the liquid crystal lens LN, so that the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.
- the present embodiment is less susceptible to the occurrence of misalignment in the overlap between the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202, and therefore the alignment accuracy is high, and variations in light amount adjustment occur. Can be suppressed.
- Embodiment 6 (in the case where a liquid crystal lens is incorporated)> The sixth embodiment according to the present invention will be described below.
- FIG. 28 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100f in Embodiment 6 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 28 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_6 of the light amount adjustment unit 210f is different from that of the fifth embodiment in the liquid crystal panel 200f. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the fifth embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_6 of the light amount adjustment unit 210f is formed so as to cover the surface of the TFT array substrate 201 facing the counter substrate 202, as in the fifth embodiment. ing.
- a plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee. , 62ef are formed at a distance from each other.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_6 of the light amount adjustment unit 210f is provided with a circular transparent electrode 62ea at the center.
- a plurality of transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef are formed around the periphery of the transparent electrodes 62ea, 62eb, 62ec, 62ed, 62ee, and 62ef.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210f can function as a Fresnel lens whose focal length can be changed according to the voltage, the amount of light incident on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32 can be changed.
- the present embodiment can secure the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 as in the fifth embodiment.
- Embodiment 7 (When Liquid Crystal Lens is Built-in)>
- Embodiment 7 according to the present invention will be described.
- FIG. 29 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100g in Embodiment 7 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 29 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_7 of the light amount adjustment unit 210g is formed on the counter substrate 202, and the first transparent electrode 62d_7 of the light amount adjustment unit 210g is formed on the TFT. It is formed on the array substrate 201.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_7 is formed in a form different from that of the fifth embodiment. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the fifth embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_7 of the light amount adjustment unit 210g is formed on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA on the surface of the counter substrate 202 facing the TFT array substrate 201. It is formed in a part including a corresponding region.
- the 2nd transparent electrode 62e_7 of the light quantity adjustment part 210g has the bottom part 62et and the side wall part 62es.
- the bottom portion 62et constituting the second transparent electrode 62e_7 of the light amount adjusting portion 210g is formed in a circular shape.
- the bottom 62et is formed in a circular shape so that the center of the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 is the center.
- the side wall 62es is provided so as to surround the bottom 62et as in the case shown in FIG. 20, and is formed so as to protrude from the surface of the bottom 62et as in the case shown in FIG. Has been.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210g can function as a Fresnel lens whose focal length can be changed according to the voltage, the amount of light incident on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 can be changed.
- the present embodiment can secure the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 as in the fifth embodiment.
- Embodiment 8 (in the case of an external liquid lens)> The eighth embodiment according to the present invention will be described below.
- FIG. 30 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100h in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the light amount adjustment unit 210h. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210h is arranged so that the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212 face each other with an interval, as in the first embodiment.
- a liquid lens portion 213L is provided between the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212.
- the liquid lens portion 213L includes a lower electrode 62k and an upper electrode 62j, and a nonpolar liquid 213o and a polar liquid are contained in a storage space formed by the lower electrode 62k and the upper electrode 62j. 213w is housed.
- the lower electrode 62k is provided on the surface of the first glass substrate 211 facing the second glass substrate 212 as shown in FIG.
- the lower electrode 62k is formed so as to surround the periphery of the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA. For example, it is provided so as to draw a circle.
- the lower electrode 62k is formed of a conductive material such as aluminum.
- An insulating film 62kz is formed on the surface of the lower electrode 62k.
- the insulating film 62 kz is formed using a fluorine-based resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the upper electrode 62j is provided on the surface of the second glass substrate 212 facing the first glass substrate 211 as shown in FIG.
- the upper electrode 62j is formed so as to surround the periphery of the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA. For example, it is provided so as to draw a circle.
- the upper electrode 62j is made of a conductive material such as aluminum.
- the nonpolar liquid 213o is accommodated together with the polar liquid 213w in the accommodation space formed by the lower electrode 62k and the upper electrode 62j.
- silicon oil is used as the nonpolar liquid 213o.
- the polar liquid 213w is stored together with the nonpolar liquid 213o in the storage space formed by the lower electrode 62k and the upper electrode 62j.
- the polar liquid 213w for example, an aqueous solution in which an electrolyte such as sodium chloride is dissolved is used. This polar liquid 213w is separated from the nonpolar liquid 213o, and an interface is formed between them.
- liquid lens portion 213L As described above, a voltage is applied between the lower electrode 62k and the upper electrode 62j, and the shape of the interface between the nonpolar liquid 213o and the polar liquid 213w is changed. Thereby, in the liquid lens part 213L, it is comprised so that the focus position which condenses the incident light H which injects into the nonpolar liquid 213o and the polar liquid 213w can be changed.
- control unit 401 controls the voltage applied between the lower electrode 62k and the upper electrode 62j, thereby collecting incident light H incident on the nonpolar liquid 213o and the polar liquid 213w.
- the focal position is changed.
- FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a voltage is applied between the lower electrode 62k and the upper electrode 62j in the eighth embodiment according to the present invention.
- the shape of the interface between the nonpolar liquid 213o and the polar liquid 213w changes by applying a voltage between the lower electrode 62k and the upper electrode 62j. Then, as shown in FIG. 31, the focal position where the incident light H incident on the nonpolar liquid 213o and the polar liquid 213w is collected can be matched with the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210h can change the amount of light incident on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the light amount adjustment unit 210 includes a liquid lens, applies a voltage to the liquid lens, and changes the focal length of the liquid lens, thereby changing the photosensor element.
- the amount of incident light H incident on 32 is adjusted.
- the light amount adjusting unit 210h adjusts the amount of light incident on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32 from the front side to the back side of the liquid crystal panel 200 by changing the focal length of the liquid crystal lens.
- the present embodiment can secure the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 as in the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 9 (in the case of an external convex lens)> The ninth embodiment according to the present invention will be described below.
- FIG. 32 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of the liquid crystal display device 100i in Embodiment 9 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 32 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the light amount adjustment unit 210i. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- the light quantity adjustment unit 210i includes a glass substrate 211g, a lens 213La, and a horizontal movement element 214 as shown in FIG.
- the glass substrate 211g is an insulating substrate that transmits light, is formed of glass, and is disposed to face the counter substrate 202 on the counter substrate 202 side of the liquid crystal panel 200. ing. As shown in FIG. 32, in the first glass substrate 211g, a lens 213La is formed on the surface opposite to the surface facing the counter substrate 202.
- the lens 213La is a convex lens made of glass, for example, and is formed on the surface opposite to the surface facing the counter substrate 202 in the first glass substrate 211g as shown in FIG. ing.
- the lens 213La is formed so as to correspond to the sensor region RA.
- the lens 213La condenses the incident light H on the photosensor element 32 provided in the sensor region RA by refracting the incident light on the surface.
- the horizontal moving element 214 is formed of, for example, a piezoelectric element.
- the horizontal moving element 214 is provided on one side surface of the glass substrate 211g as shown in FIG. 211g is moved.
- the horizontal movement element 214 changes the position of the glass substrate 211g with respect to the liquid crystal panel 200 so as to be along a surface where the liquid crystal panel 200 and the glass substrate 211g face each other. Thereby, since the focal position of the lens 213La moves, the amount of incident light H incident on the photosensor element 32 can be adjusted.
- the horizontal movement element 214 performs the movement operation of the glass substrate 211g based on the control signal output from the control unit 401.
- FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the horizontal movement element 214 moves the glass substrate 211g in the ninth embodiment according to the present invention.
- the horizontal movement element 214 moves the glass substrate 211g so that the focal position of the lens 213La is separated from the light receiving area JSa.
- the value of the light reception data generated by the photosensor element 32 is the upper limit value of the dynamic range, in order to reduce the amount of incident light H incident on the light reception area JSa of the photosensor element 32, Thus, the glass substrate 211g is moved.
- the present embodiment can secure the dynamic range of the photosensor element 32 as in the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 10 (When a light shielding wall 203S is installed with a built-in liquid crystal lens> The tenth embodiment according to the present invention will be described below.
- FIG. 34 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100j in Embodiment 10 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 34 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the first transparent electrode 62d_10 of the light amount adjustment unit 210j is formed on the TFT array substrate 201.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_10 of the light amount adjustment unit 210j is formed on the counter substrate 202.
- a light shielding wall 203S is provided. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the sixth embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- Each of the first transparent electrode 62d_10 and the second transparent electrode 62e_10 is formed in the same manner as the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode of Embodiment 6 except that the positions are different.
- the light shielding wall 203S is provided between the TFT array substrate 201 and the counter substrate 202 as shown in FIG.
- the light shielding wall 203S is formed so as to surround the periphery of the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 in the sensor region RA. For example, it is provided so as to draw a circle.
- the light shielding wall 203S is formed of a resin material containing a black pigment.
- the liquid crystal is accommodated in the inside.
- liquid crystal is accommodated by ODF (One Drop Fill), and functions as a liquid crystal lens as in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a portion corresponding to the sensor region RA in the liquid crystal layer 203 is caused to function as a liquid crystal lens in the tenth embodiment according to the present invention.
- the incident light H can be condensed on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32. .
- the light shielding wall 203S is formed so as to surround the periphery of the region corresponding to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32. For this reason, since it is possible to prevent light incident from other adjacent pixels P from entering the photosensor element 32, light reception data having a high S / N ratio can be obtained.
- Embodiment 11 When External Liquid Crystal Lens is Fixed-Focus Type> The eleventh embodiment according to the present invention will be described below.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram schematically showing a main configuration of a liquid crystal display device 100k in Embodiment 11 according to the present invention.
- a lens unit 500 is arranged instead of the light amount adjustment unit. Except for this point, the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. For this reason, description is omitted about the overlapping part.
- FIG. 37 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display device 100k in the eleventh embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 37 shows a portion corresponding to the pixel P provided in the pixel area PA.
- the liquid crystal layer 213k is different from the light amount adjustment unit of the first embodiment. Except for this point, the lens unit 500 is the same as the light amount adjustment unit of the first embodiment, and therefore, overlapping description will be omitted as appropriate.
- the liquid crystal layer 213k includes a liquid crystal lens LN having a fixed focal length as shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal lens LN is formed, for example, by curing an ultraviolet curable liquid crystal.
- the liquid crystal lens LN is formed by curing a thermosetting liquid crystal.
- the operation of adjusting the focal position of the liquid crystal lens LN is not performed as in the first embodiment.
- the fixed focus type liquid crystal lens LN condenses the incident light H on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- the liquid crystal lens LN Since the liquid crystal lens LN has polarization dependency, as shown in FIG. 37, when the direction of the refractive index difference distribution in the liquid crystal lens LN is along the x direction, the incident light H is x The light passes through the second polarizing plate 207 as polarized light oscillating in the direction.
- the second polarizing plate 207 is arranged so that the transmission axis is along the x direction. For this reason, in the present embodiment, as described above, the incident light H can be condensed on the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- incident light H collected on the photosensor element 32 from the front side of the liquid crystal panel 200 is received by the photosensor element 32 in the light receiving region JSa and photoelectrically converted to generate received light data. To do.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram showing a process of manufacturing the lens unit 500 in the eleventh embodiment according to the present invention.
- the first transparent electrode 62d is formed on one surface of the first glass substrate 211.
- the first transparent electrode 62d is formed so as to cover the entire surface of one surface of the first glass substrate 211 in a solid shape.
- the second transparent electrode 62e is formed on one surface of the second glass substrate 212. As shown in FIG. Here, after forming the second transparent electrode 62e so as to cover the entire surface of one surface of the second glass substrate 212 in a solid shape, the opening TK is provided as shown in FIG. 7 in the first embodiment. .
- the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212 are arranged such that the first transparent electrode 62d and the second transparent electrode 62e face each other with a space therebetween. Adhere and face each other.
- the outer periphery is sealed and bonded together.
- a liquid crystal layer 213k is provided by encapsulating a liquid crystal material between the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212.
- the liquid crystal layer 213k is horizontally aligned so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is in the direction of the surface where the first glass substrate 211 and the second glass substrate 212 face each other.
- the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 213k is changed.
- the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a bow shape.
- the ultraviolet curable monomer (RM82) blended in the liquid crystal also has the same orientation as the liquid crystal molecules.
- the liquid crystal layer 213k is irradiated with ultraviolet rays UV while the voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode 62d and the second transparent electrode 62e.
- the ultraviolet curable monomer dispersed in the liquid crystal is polymerized, so that the liquid crystal molecules are cured in a state of being aligned in a bow shape, and the fixed focus type liquid crystal lens LN is formed.
- the incident light H is collected in the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32 using the liquid crystal lens LN that is a gradient index lens that does not use refraction on the surface. Shine.
- a lens such as a spherical lens that utilizes refraction on the surface
- incident light may be regularly reflected on the surface to reduce visibility, but in this embodiment, the surface is flat. Since a liquid crystal lens is used, the occurrence of this problem can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the liquid crystal lens has polarization dependency, it does not adversely affect the display light that is polarized light, and the deterioration of the image quality in the liquid crystal panel can be prevented.
- liquid crystal lens LN is a fixed focus type
- power consumption can be reduced as compared with the variable focus type, and the form of the module can be simplified.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the second transparent electrode 62e_2 shown in FIG. 12 may be formed to extend not only to the sensor area RA but also to the display area TA.
- imaging and display are performed in a time-sharing manner so that light can be collected more efficiently, and more light can be collected in the light receiving area JSa. Light is possible. For this reason, imaging can be performed with a high S / N ratio.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Even in the case of simultaneous implementation, it is applicable.
- (B) Case of receiving infrared ray or the like the case where the backlight irradiates visible light as illumination light has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- you may irradiate illumination light so that invisible light rays, such as an infrared ray, may be included.
- the photosensor element 32 may receive the reflected light obtained by reflecting the infrared ray by the detected object, and generate light reception data.
- infrared light can be incident on the photosensor element, so that position detection can be performed more preferably.
- the SN ratio of the received light data can be improved, and the position detection can be suitably performed.
- FIG. 39 and FIG. 40 are diagrams showing how the photosensor element 32 receives reflected light including infrared rays in the embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where the liquid crystal lens LN is externally attached to the liquid crystal panel 200 as in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where the liquid crystal lens LN is built in the liquid crystal panel 200d as in the fourth embodiment.
- the backlight 310 irradiates the back surface of the liquid crystal panels 200 and 200d with the illumination light R so as to include the infrared light IR together with the visible light VR.
- the backlight 310 includes both a visible light source (not shown) and an infrared light source (not shown) as light sources.
- the visible light source includes a white LED and emits visible light VR that is white light.
- an infrared LED is included as an infrared light source, and infrared light IR is irradiated.
- an infrared ray IR having a center wavelength of 850 nm is irradiated.
- the visible light VR and the infrared light IR irradiated from each light source are diffused in the light guide plate constituting the backlight 310, and the liquid crystal panel 200, The back surface of 200d is irradiated and transmitted to the upper surface side.
- the visible light VR and the infrared light IR are reflected by a detection object (not shown) close to the upper surface of the liquid crystal panels 200 and 200d. Then, the reflected light enters the upper surfaces of the liquid crystal panels 200 and 200d as incident light H. This incident light H is incident as random polarized light.
- the second polarizing plate 207 has the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 207 along the y direction. It is preferable to arrange the plate 207. That is, it is preferable that the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 207 be along the y direction orthogonal to the x direction that is the direction of the refractive index difference distribution of the liquid crystal lens LN provided in the light amount adjusting unit 210. is there. Even when the liquid crystal lens LN is a fixed focus type, it is preferable to dispose the second polarizing plate 207 as described above. And as shown in FIG. 39, about the 1st polarizing plate 206, it arrange
- the incident light H is condensed on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32 by the liquid crystal lens LN.
- the infrared ray IR passes through the second polarizing plate 207 and enters the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32.
- a polarizing plate has a property of transmitting light having a longer wavelength than near infrared rays without absorbing it.
- infrared rays can selectively enter the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32, the position can be detected more suitably. Further, as described above, since the influence of external light is reduced, the SN ratio of the received light data can be improved, and the position detection can be suitably performed.
- the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 207 is along the x direction as in the first embodiment.
- the second polarizing plate 207 is disposed. And as shown in FIG. 40, about the 1st polarizing plate 206, it arrange
- the visible light VR and the infrared light IR included in the incident light H are transmitted through the second polarizing plate 207 and incident on the liquid crystal lens LN as shown in FIG.
- the visible light VR passes through the second polarizing plate 207 as polarized light and enters the liquid crystal lens LN.
- each of the visible light VR and the infrared light IR included in the incident light H is condensed on the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32 by the liquid crystal lens LN.
- the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 207 is along the y direction.
- the second polarizing plate 207 may be disposed.
- the first polarizing plate 206 is arranged so that the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 206 is along the x direction.
- the visible light VR transmitted as polarized light in the second polarizing plate 207 has a polarization direction different from the direction of the refractive index difference distribution of the liquid crystal lens LN, and thus is not condensed by the liquid crystal lens LN. Then, it enters the light receiving area JSa of the photosensor element 32. Since the infrared ray IR transmitted through the second polarizing plate 207 includes a component in the direction of the refractive index difference distribution of the liquid crystal lens LN, the infrared ray IR is condensed by the liquid crystal lens LN to the light receiving region JSa of the photosensor element 32. Incident.
- FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the configuration of the pixel switching element 31 in the embodiment according to the invention.
- a top gate type TFT may be formed as the pixel switching element 31.
- a dual gate structure may be formed.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a photodiode having a structure in which impurities are doped in the i layer is formed as the photosensor element 32, the same effect can be obtained.
- a phototransistor may be provided as the photosensor element 32.
- the present invention can also be applied to various types of liquid crystal panels such as IPS (In-Plane-Switching) and FFS (Field Ring Switching) methods. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to other display devices such as organic EL display elements and electronic paper.
- IPS In-Plane-Switching
- FFS Field Ring Switching
- the amount of light to the photosensor element 32 it is not limited to changing the focal position of the lens based on the light reception data obtained in advance by the photosensor element 32.
- the imaging mode when imaging an object at a certain distance, it may be configured to adjust to a certain focal length corresponding to the position.
- the imaging mode it may be configured to change the focal position of the lens and adjust the focal distance based on the received light data, like the auto focus of the camera.
- the photo sensor element 32 may be provided in a region other than the pixel region where image display is performed.
- the photosensor element 32 may be arranged in a frame shape around the pixel region, and a lens constituting the light amount adjustment unit 210 may be provided so as to correspond to the photosensor element 32.
- liquid crystal display device 100 and the like of the present embodiment can be applied as parts of various electronic devices.
- FIGS 42 to 46 are diagrams showing electronic apparatuses to which the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the received image is displayed on a display screen, and the liquid crystal display device 100 can be applied as a display device to which an operator's operation command is input. it can.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 can be applied as a display device for displaying an image such as a captured image on a display screen and inputting an operation command of an operator.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 can be applied as a display device that displays an operation image or the like on a display screen and receives an operator's operation command.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 can be applied as a display device for displaying an operation image or the like on a display screen and inputting an operation command of an operator in a mobile phone terminal.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 can be applied as a display device that displays an operation image or the like on a display screen and receives an operation command of an operator.
- the liquid crystal display devices 100, 100b to 100k are examples of the display device according to the present invention.
- the liquid crystal panels 200 and 200d to j are examples of the display panel and the liquid crystal panel in the present invention.
- the TFT array substrate 201 is an example of the first substrate in the present invention.
- the counter substrate 202 is an example of the second substrate in the present invention.
- the liquid crystal layer 203 is an example of the liquid crystal layer in the present invention.
- the light-shielding wall 203S is an example of the light-shielding wall in this invention.
- the light quantity adjustment part 210 is an example of the light quantity adjustment part in this invention.
- the position detector 402 is an example of a position detector in the present invention.
- the photo sensor element 32 is an example of the photo sensor element in this invention.
- the light receiving area JSa is an example of the light receiving area in the present invention.
- the pixel area PA is an example of the pixel area in the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
2.実施形態2(外付けの液晶レンズの場合)
3.実施形態3(外付けの液晶レンズの場合)
4.実施形態4(液晶レンズが内蔵の場合)
5.実施形態5(液晶レンズが内蔵の場合)
6.実施形態6(液晶レンズが内蔵の場合)
7.実施形態7(液晶レンズが内蔵の場合)
8.実施形態8(外付けの液体レンズの場合)
9.実施形態9(外付けの凸レンズの場合)
10.実施形態10(液晶レンズ内蔵にて遮光壁203Sが設置されている場合
11.実施形態11(外付けの液晶レンズが焦点固定型の場合)
12.その他
<1.実施形態1(外付けの液晶レンズの場合)>
(A)液晶表示装置の全体構成
図1は、本発明にかかる実施形態1において、液晶表示装置100の要部構成を模式的に示す図である。
液晶パネル200について説明する。
光量調整部210について説明する。
バックライト300について説明する。
データ処理部400について説明する。
図4は、本発明にかかる実施形態1において、液晶表示装置100の要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図4においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
液晶パネル200のTFTアレイ基板201について説明する。
液晶パネル200の対向基板202について説明する。
液晶パネル200の液晶層203について説明する。
液晶表示装置100は、図4に示すように、光量調整部210を含む。光量調整部210は、パネル状であり、液晶パネル200の正面側において、液晶パネル200に対面するように配置されている。
上記の液晶表示装置100において、人体の指などの被検知体が液晶パネル200の正面側に接触もしくは移動された際に、その被検知体の位置を検出する際の動作について説明する。
以上のように、本実施形態においては、入射光Hを受光領域JSaにて受光することによって受光データを生成するフォトセンサ素子32が、液晶パネル200にて画像が表示される画素領域PAに設けられている。そして、そのフォトセンサ素子32の受光領域JSaへ入射する光の量を調整する光量調整部210が、液晶パネル200に対面するように配置されており、その光量調整部210の動作を制御部401が制御する。ここでは、制御部401は、フォトセンサ素子32によって生成された受光データに基づいて、その光量調整部210の動作を制御する。具体的には、光量調整部210は、液晶レンズを含み、その液晶レンズを構成する液晶に電圧を印加し、その液晶分子の配向方向を変化させ、液晶レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって、フォトセンサ素子32の受光領域JSaへ入射する光の量を調整する。たとえば、フォトセンサ素子32によって生成された受光データの値がダイナミックレンジの上限値である場合には、フォトセンサ素子32へ入射する入射光Hの量が少なくなるように、光量調整部210が調整する。
なお、本実施形態においては、第2の透明電極62eの開口TKを、円形に形成する場合について説明したが、これに限定されない。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態2について説明する。
図12は、本発明にかかる実施形態2において、液晶表示装置100bの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図12においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
このため、本実施形態においては、光量調整部210bは、電圧に応じて焦点距離を変動可能なフレネルレンズとして機能することができるので、フォトセンサ素子32の受光領域JSaに入射させる光量を変化させることができる。なお、フォトセンサ素子32においてダイナミックレンジを超えた場合は、レンズとしての機能を発現させないように調整を行う。たとえば、複数の透明電極62ea,62eb,62ec,62ed,62ee,62efにおいて、内側から4番目の透明電極62edと5番目の透明電極62eeとを同電位にする。
なお、第2の透明電極62e_2にて、フォトセンサ素子32の受光領域JSaに対応する領域を含むセンサ領域RAに形成された部分のパターンについては、上記に限定されない。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態3について説明する。
図19は、本発明にかかる実施形態3において、液晶表示装置100cの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図19においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
したがって、本実施形態は、実施形態1と同様に、フォトセンサ素子32のダイナミックレンジを確保することができる。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態4について説明する。
図21は、本発明にかかる実施形態4において、液晶表示装置100dの要部構成を模式的に示す図である。
以上のように、本実施形態においては、光量調整部210dが液晶パネル200dの内部に設置されている。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態5について説明する。
図25は、本発明にかかる実施形態5において、液晶表示装置100eの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図25においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
以上のように、本実施形態においては、実施形態4と同様に、光量調整部210eが液晶パネル200eの内部に設置されている。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態6について説明する。
図28は、本発明にかかる実施形態6において、液晶表示装置100fの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図28においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
したがって、本実施形態は、実施形態5と同様に、フォトセンサ素子32のダイナミックレンジを確保することができる。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態7について説明する。
図29は、本発明にかかる実施形態7において、液晶表示装置100gの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図29においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
したがって、本実施形態は、実施形態5と同様に、フォトセンサ素子32のダイナミックレンジを確保することができる。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態8について説明する。
図30は、本発明にかかる実施形態8において、液晶表示装置100hの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図30においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
以上のように、本実施形態においては、光量調整部210は、液体レンズを含み、当該液体レンズに電圧を印加し、その液体レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって、フォトセンサ素子32へ入射する入射光Hの量を調整する。ここでは、光量調整部210hは、液晶パネル200の正面側から背面側へ向かい、フォトセンサ素子32の受光領域JSaへ入射する光量を、この液晶レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって調整する。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態9について説明する。
図32は、本発明にかかる実施形態9において、液晶表示装置100iの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図32においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
したがって、本実施形態は、実施形態1と同様に、フォトセンサ素子32のダイナミックレンジを確保することができる。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態10について説明する。
図34は、本発明にかかる実施形態10において、液晶表示装置100jの要部を拡大して示す断面図である。図34においては、画素領域PAに設けられた画素Pに対応する部分について示している。
以上のように、本実施形態においては、遮光壁203Sがフォトセンサ素子32の受光領域JSaに対応する領域の周囲を囲うように形成されている。このため、隣接する他の画素Pから入射する光が、フォトセンサ素子32に入射することを防止可能であるので、高いS/N比の受光データを得ることができる。
以下より、本発明にかかる実施形態11について説明する。
図36は、本発明にかかる実施形態11において、液晶表示装置100kの要部構成を模式的に示す図である。
以上のように、本実施形態においては、表面での屈折を利用しない屈折率分布型レンズである液晶レンズLNを用いて、フォトセンサ素子32の受光領域JSaへ入射光Hを集光する。表面での屈折を利用する球面レンズ等のレンズを用いた場合には、その表面で入射光が規則的に反射して視認性が低下する場合があるが、本実施形態では、表面がフラットな液晶レンズを用いているので、この不具合の発生を抑制することができる。さらに、液晶レンズは、偏光依存性を有しているので、偏光光である表示光に悪影響を及ぼさず、液晶パネルにおける画像品質の悪化を防止することができる。
なお、本発明の実施に際しては、上記した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、適宜、各実施形態の発明特定事項を組み合わせる等、種々の変形形態を採用することができる。
上記の実施形態においては、センサ領域RAにて液晶レンズを形成する場合について説明したが、これに限定されない。たとえば、図12において示した第2の透明電極62e_2を、センサ領域RAだけでなく、表示領域TAまで広げて形成してもよい。この場合には、上記の実施形態と同様に、撮像と表示とを時分割して実施し、より効率的に光の集光を実施可能であって、より多くの光を受光領域JSaへ集光可能である。このため、高いS/N比で撮像を実施できる。
上記の実施形態においては、バックライトが可視光線を照明光として照射する場合について説明したが、これに限定されない。たとえば、赤外光線などの非可視光線を含むように照明光を照射してもよい。そして、たとえば、被検知体によって、その赤外光線が反射された反射光を、フォトセンサ素子32が受光し、受光データを生成するように構成していても良い。この場合においては、画素領域において黒表示を実施する場合であっても、赤外光線がフォトセンサ素子へ入射可能であるので、より好適に、位置検出を実施することができる。また、外光による影響が少なくなるので、受光データのSN比を向上させることができ、位置検出を好適に実施することができる。
上記の実施形態においては、画素スイッチング素子31を、ボトムゲート型の薄膜トランジスタとして構成する場合について説明したが、これに限定されない。
上記の実施形態においては、複数の画素Pに対応するように複数のフォトセンサ素子32を設ける場合について示したが、これに限定されない。たとえば、複数の画素Pに対して1つのフォトセンサ素子32を設けてもよく、逆に、1つの画素Pに対して複数のフォトセンサ素子32を設けてもよい。
また、IPS(In-Plane-Swiching)、FFS(Field Fringe Switching)方式など、さまざまな方式の液晶パネルに適用可能である。さらに、有機EL表示素子、電子ペーパーなどの他の表示装置においても、適用可能である。
Claims (20)
- 光を受光領域にて受光することによって受光データを生成するフォトセンサ素子が設けられている表示パネルと、
前記フォトセンサ素子の受光領域へ入射する光の量を調整する光量調整部と、
前記光量調整部の動作を制御する制御部と
を有し、
前記光量調整部は、前記フォトセンサ素子の受光領域に対応して設けられたレンズを含み、当該レンズの焦点位置を、当該フォトセンサ素子の受光領域に対して変化させることによって、前記受光領域へ入射する光の量を調整する
表示装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記フォトセンサ素子によって生成された受光データに基づいて、前記光量調整部の動作を制御する、請求項1に記載の表示装置。
- 前記レンズは、前記受光領域よりも大きい、請求項2に記載の表示装置。
- 前記光量調整部は、前記レンズが液晶レンズであり、当該液晶レンズを構成する液晶に電圧を印加し、当該液晶の液晶分子の配向方向を変化させ、前記液晶レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって、前記フォトセンサ素子へ入射する光の量を調整する、請求項3に記載の表示装置。
- 前記液晶レンズは、フレネルレンズである、請求項4に記載の表示装置。
- 前記表示パネルは、
第1基板と、
前記第1基板から間隔を隔てて対面している第2基板と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間にて挟持されており、液晶分子が配向されている液晶層と
を含む液晶パネルであり、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、前記第1基板にて前記第2基板に対面している側の面に設けられており、
前記液晶レンズは、前記第2基板にて前記第1基板に対面している側に対して反対側の面にて、前記受光領域に対応する部分に設けられており、
前記光量調整部は、前記第1基板の側から前記第2基板の側へ向かい、前記フォトセンサ素子の受光領域へ入射する光の量を、前記液晶レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって調整する、
請求項4に記載の表示装置。 - 前記第2基板において前記第1基板に対面している側に対して反対側の面上に配置された偏光板を有し、
前記偏光板は、前記液晶レンズの屈折率差分布の方向に、透過軸が沿うように設けられており、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、可視光線を含む入射光を前記受光領域で受光して受光データを生成する、
請求項6に記載の表示装置。 - 前記表示パネルは、
第1基板と、
前記第1基板から間隔を隔てて対面している第2基板と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間にて挟持されており、液晶分子が配向されている液晶層と
を含む液晶パネルであり、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、前記第1基板にて前記第2基板に対面している側の面に設けられており、
前記液晶レンズは、前記液晶層において前記受光領域に対応する部分の液晶に電圧を印加することによって、当該液晶レンズの焦点距離が変化するように構成されており、
前記光量調整部は、前記第1基板の側から前記第2基板の側へ向かい、前記フォトセンサ素子の受光領域へ入射する光の量を、前記液晶レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって調整する、
請求項4に記載の表示装置。 - 前記第2基板において前記第1基板に対面している側に対して反対側の面上に配置された偏光板を有し、
前記偏光板は、前記液晶レンズの屈折率差分布の方向に、透過軸が沿うように設けられており、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、可視光線を含む入射光を前記受光領域で受光して受光データを生成する、
請求項8に記載の表示装置。 - 前記表示パネルは、前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間にて前記受光領域に対応する部分を囲うように設けられた遮光壁を有する、請求項8に記載の表示装置。
- 前記光量調整部は、前記レンズが液体レンズであり、当該液体レンズに電圧を印加し、当該液体レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって、前記フォトセンサ素子へ入射する光の量を調整する、請求項3に記載の表示装置。
- 前記表示パネルは、
第1基板と、
前記第1基板から間隔を隔てて対面している第2基板と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間にて挟持されており、液晶分子が配向されている液晶層と
を含む液晶パネルであり、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、前記第1基板にて前記第2基板に対面している側の面に設けられており、
前記液体レンズは、前記第2基板にて前記第1基板に対面している側に対して反対側の面にて、前記受光領域に対応する部分に設けられており、
前記光量調整部は、前記第1基板の側から前記第2基板の側へ向かい、前記フォトセンサ素子の受光領域へ入射する光の量を、前記液体レンズの焦点距離を変化させることによって調整する、
請求項11に記載の表示装置。 - 前記光量調整部は、前記表示パネルの面方向において前記レンズの焦点位置が移動するように前記レンズを移動させることによって、前記フォトセンサ素子へ入射する光の量を調整するレンズ移動部を含む、請求項3に記載の表示装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記フォトセンサ素子によって生成された受光データが基準値以上である場合には、前記フォトセンサ素子へ入射する光の量が少なくなるように、前記光量調整部の動作を調整する、請求項1に記載の表示装置。
- 前記表示パネルの一方の面の側に位置する被検知体の位置を検出する位置検出部を含み、
前記表示パネルは、前記一方の面の側にて画像を表示するように構成されており、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、前記表示パネルにて画像が表示される画素領域に複数が配置されると共に、前記表示パネルの一方の面の側から他方の面の側に向かう光を受光するように構成されており、
前記位置検出部は、前記画素領域に配置された複数のフォトセンサ素子によって生成された受光データに基づいて、前記被検知体の位置を検出する、
請求項14に記載の表示装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記フォトセンサ素子に光を受光させる撮像動作と、前記表示パネルにて画像を表示させる表示動作とを、互いに時分割して実行するように制御する、請求項15に記載の表示装置。
- 入射光を受光領域にて受光することによって受光データを生成するフォトセンサ素子が設けられている表示パネルと、
前記表示パネルにおいて前記入射光が入射する面上に配置された偏光板と、
前記受光領域へ入射光を集光する液晶レンズと
を有し、
前記偏光板は、前記液晶レンズの屈折率差分布の方向に、透過軸が沿うように配置されている
表示装置。 - 前記表示パネルは、
第1基板と、
前記第1基板から間隔を隔てて対面している第2基板と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間にて挟持されており、液晶分子が配向されている液晶層と
を含む液晶パネルであり、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、前記第1基板にて前記第2基板に対面している側の面に設けられており、
前記液晶レンズは、前記第2基板にて前記第1基板に対面している側に対して反対側の面にて、前記受光領域に対応する部分に設けられており、
前記液晶レンズと前記偏光板とを、順次、透過して入射する入射光を、前記フォトセンサ素子が受光領域にて受光する、
請求項17に記載の表示装置。 - 前記液晶レンズは、紫外線硬化性液晶または熱硬化性液晶が硬化されることによって形成されており、焦点距離が固定されている、
請求項18に記載の表示装置。 - 前記表示パネルは、
第1基板と、
前記第1基板から間隔を隔てて対面している第2基板と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間にて挟持されており、液晶分子が配向されている液晶層と
を含む液晶パネルであり、
前記フォトセンサ素子は、前記第1基板にて前記第2基板に対面している側の面に設けられており、
前記液晶レンズは、前記液晶層において前記受光領域に対応する部分の液晶に電圧を印加することで形成され、
前記偏光板と前記液晶レンズとを、順次、透過して入射する入射光を、前記フォトセンサ素子が受光領域にて受光する、
請求項17に記載の表示装置。
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- 2009-05-25 KR KR1020107026020A patent/KR20110030432A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-05-25 WO PCT/JP2009/059514 patent/WO2009145136A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-05-25 US US12/994,662 patent/US8681291B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-27 TW TW098117866A patent/TWI404998B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102037395B (zh) | 2013-05-22 |
US20110069254A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
KR20110030432A (ko) | 2011-03-23 |
TW201013255A (en) | 2010-04-01 |
JP2010009584A (ja) | 2010-01-14 |
CN102037395A (zh) | 2011-04-27 |
TWI404998B (zh) | 2013-08-11 |
US8681291B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
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