WO2009139265A1 - Snow gun - Google Patents

Snow gun Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009139265A1
WO2009139265A1 PCT/JP2009/057727 JP2009057727W WO2009139265A1 WO 2009139265 A1 WO2009139265 A1 WO 2009139265A1 JP 2009057727 W JP2009057727 W JP 2009057727W WO 2009139265 A1 WO2009139265 A1 WO 2009139265A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
pipe
fluid
flow path
compressed air
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2009/057727
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
彦六 杉浦
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シンユー技研株式会社
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Publication of WO2009139265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009139265A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0483—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with gas and liquid jets intersecting in the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0491—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid the liquid and the gas being mixed at least twice along the flow path of the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
    • F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air

Definitions

  • the present invention efficiently generates atomized gas, in particular artificial snow, for spraying from a turbo nozzle a finely divided ultrafine fluid obtained by further colliding a compressed fluid with a fine fluid formed by mixing compressed air and pressurized water. It is about snow guns.
  • the mixing element attached to the snow gun is a two-fluid nozzle type in which a pipe for mixing compressed air and pressurized water is doubled and a mixing chamber in which compressed air and pressurized water are provided to instantaneously mix to generate atomized fluid.
  • a static mixer type is widely known.
  • an inner pipe for feeding pressurized water is arranged in the center, an outer pipe for feeding compressed air is provided outside the inner pipe, and the outlet of the outer pipe is narrowed to the outlet diameter of the inner pipe. The outlet is narrowed, the pressure of the compressed air is increased, the compressed air is collided and stirred from the outside into the central water stream, and the atomized fluid is injected from the outlet (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • the compressed air and pressurized water sent in separate circuits are stirred and mixed in the mixing chamber to generate atomized fluid, and the atomized fluid is mixed.
  • the atomized fluid mixed by the static mixer type mixing element has higher fluidity of compressed air than moisture contained in the atomized fluid. Compressed air is instantaneously gathered outside the jet outlet and adiabatically expands. There was a problem that the generation efficiency of artificial snow was reduced due to the increase of the number of artificial snows.
  • the water molecules are refined and are sent to the small-mouthed nozzle, so that the water is forcibly pushed from the wide area to the narrow area and the water is recombined. Snow generation efficiency has been reduced.
  • the fine particle fluid is easily separated into water and air over time due to the influence of gravity.
  • the fine particle fluid mixed by the static mixer is pushed upward by light compressed air near the jet outlet, and heavy water molecules There is a problem that the mixed atomized fluid does not become uniform, such as being easily gathered on the lower side.
  • the mixing element is sprayed with the mixing element installed at an angle close to the horizontal direction from about 45 degrees, so the atomized fluid is affected by gravity as described above.
  • the present invention does not generate atomized fluid by raising the pressure of compressed air using a large compressor and forcibly stirring and mixing, but supplies air to the mixing element, that is, supplied compressed air or Providing a snow gun with a turbo nozzle that generates a super atomized fluid consisting of more finely divided water molecules by injecting a portion of pressurized water into the atomized fluid again, colliding with water molecules, stirring and mixing
  • the purpose is to do.
  • the compressed air and pressurized water are stirred and mixed in the snow gun body 1 provided with the jet port 9 on the downstream side of the mixing element 3 for mixing compressed air and pressurized water from the air channel 4 and the water channel 5.
  • a turbo nozzle 20 for injecting a micronized fluid n generated by colliding with a micronized fluid m with a pressure fluid s and pulverizing and subdividing again is provided at the jetting port 9.
  • the mixing element 3 is provided with one end of a compressed air pipe X and a pressurized water pipe Y accommodated in the snow gun body 1 and connected to a mixing channel 6 provided downstream of the air channel 4 and the water channel 5.
  • a spout 9 for injecting the atomized fluid m in which the compressed air and the pressurized water are mixed is formed on the downstream side of the chamber 7, and is divided from the compressed second air flow path X or the pressurized second water flow path Y.
  • the supercharged pipe 23 for injecting the pressurized fluid s is connected to the extending cylinder 21 of the turbo nozzle 20 and is injected from the injection port 22 of the extending cylinder.
  • the turbo nozzle 20 has one end connected to the downstream side of the jetting port 9 of the mixing element 3 and allows the atomized fluid m ejected from the jetting port to flow, and the inside of the drawing cylinder 21 At least one supercharged pipe 23 that collides with the atomized fluid m flowing through the compressed air pipe X or the pressurized water pipe Y with the pressurized fluid pipe S, and one end connected to the supercharged pipe 23 and the other end. And a connecting pipe 26 for supplying a pressurized fluid s from either one of the compressed air pipe X and the pressurized water pipe Y connected to the jet port 9.
  • the extending cylinder 21 constituting the turbo nozzle 20 includes a mounting position of the supercharging pipe 23 and a distance A to the jet port 9 of the mixing element 3 and a mounting position of the supercharging pipe 23 and the extending cylinder 21.
  • the distance B to the injection port 22 is longer than the diameter e of the supercharged pipe 23, and the inner diameter c of the elongated cylinder 21 is larger than the inner diameter f of the supercharged pipe 23.
  • at least one or more of the supercharged pipes 23a connected to the extending cylindrical body 21 of the turbo nozzle 20 are attached to each other in parallel or at an arbitrary angle so that the pressure fluids s injected from the supercharged pipes 23a do not collide with each other.
  • the second mixing element 33 is formed in a double manner by arranging the second water flow path 34 for feeding pressurized water in the center and the second air flow path 35 for feeding compressed air on the outside.
  • a narrowed portion 36 narrowed to the vicinity of the outlet of the second water flow channel 34 is formed at the end of the second air flow channel 35 in the vicinity where the pressurized water merges, and fine particles in which pressurized water and compressed air are mixed downstream of the throttle portion.
  • a jet outlet 37 for jetting the atomizing fluid m is provided, and the super atomized fluid n generated by being divided from the second air channel 35 or the second water channel 34 and colliding with the atomizing fluid m is injected.
  • the turbo nozzle 20 is provided at the jet outlet 37.
  • the third turbo nozzle 50 attached to the ejection port 37 of the second mixing element 33 has one end connected to the ejection port 37 of the mixing element 33 and the elongated cylinder 51 for circulating the atomized fluid m, and the stretching.
  • the supercharging flow path 53 which connects the horizontal flow path 54 and the 1st vertical flow path 55 which supply the pressure fluid s provided in the cylinder is provided.
  • the turbo nozzles 20, 40, 50 to the jet nozzles 9, 37 of the mixing elements 3, 33, the atomized fluid m is sheared, stirred, and mixed again to achieve uniform and ultra-fine atomization.
  • Artificial snow can be generated efficiently by generating fluid n and spraying it from the jet nozzle, and since no large compressor is required, noise is quiet, compressed air consumption is low, and power consumption is low. It is very economical because there are few.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a snow gun according to the present invention. It is the same side view. It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition which attached the turbo nozzle to the mixing element. It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition which attached the turbo nozzle to the mixing element which has a chamber. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of a turbo nozzle. It is sectional drawing of the turbo nozzle which attached the some supercharging pipe in parallel. It is sectional drawing of the turbo nozzle which attached the supercharged pipe inclining to the extending
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a turbo nozzle in which a plurality of supercharged pipes are inclined in parallel and attached to an extension cylinder. It is sectional drawing of the state which attached the turbo nozzle to the 2nd mixing element.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a snow gun according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view thereof
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a use state in which a turbo nozzle is attached to a mixing element
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the turbo nozzle
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the turbo nozzle in which a plurality of supercharging pipes are attached in parallel
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a turbo nozzle in which a supercharged pipe is inclined and attached to an extending cylinder
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a turbo nozzle in which a plurality of supercharged pipes are inclined in parallel and attached to an extending cylinder
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a state where a turbo nozzle is attached to the second mixing element.
  • a snow gun body 1 attached to an artificial snowfall device (not shown) has a compressed second air flow channel X and a pressurized second water flow channel Y for sending compressed air and pressurized water to one end, and compressed air and pressurized water inside.
  • the mixing element 3 for stirring and mixing is provided, and the turbo nozzle 20 or the second turbo nozzle 40 is attached to the jet port 9 provided at the tip of the mixing element.
  • the mixing element (static mixer type) 3 includes an air flow path 4 connected to a compressed pipe X to which compressed air is fed, and a pressurized second water flow path on the other side.
  • a water flow channel 5 communicating with Y is provided, a substantially T-shaped, that is, a mixed water channel 6 having an enlarged diameter downstream is formed on the downstream side of each flow channel, and a large-diameter chamber 7 is provided downstream of the mixed water channel. is there.
  • An agitation inner cylinder 8 having a U-shaped cross section with the mixing channel 6 side opened is attached to the chamber 7.
  • the inner wall of the stirring inner cylinder 8 and the inner wall of the chamber 7 are provided with a number of recesses (not shown) for efficiently reflecting and agitating and mixing the inflowing pressure fluid.
  • a jet port 9 is formed at an arbitrary position on the downstream side wall surface of the chamber 7, and a turbo nozzle 20 is provided outside the jet port 9.
  • the mixing element 3 is provided with a chamber chamber 12 through a connection port 11 provided on the downstream side of the chamber 7, and an ejection port 13 is formed at an eccentric position on the downstream side wall surface of the chamber chamber. is there.
  • this jet port 13 is provided at an eccentric position of the chamber chamber 12, the atomized fluid in the chamber chamber further causes a turbulent flow phenomenon. To refine.
  • the turbo nozzle 20 is provided with an extending cylinder 21 having the same inner diameter as the outlet of the mixing element 3 on the outer side of the outlet 9 of the mixing element 3, and in the middle of the extending cylinder.
  • a supercharging pipe 23 is connected to supply a pressure fluid (water or air) s that externally shears and agitates and mixes the atomized fluid m flowing while stirring and mixing in the drawing cylinder, and the supercharging
  • a connecting pipe 26 is connected to one of the compressed air pipe X and the pressurized water pipe Y, one end of which is connected to the pipe and the other end is connected to the mixing element 3.
  • the connecting pipe 26 is provided with an opening / closing valve 28 for opening and closing the flow path, but this is not always necessary.
  • the frictional resistance of the atomized fluid m flowing through the extending cylinder decreases. Is preventing.
  • the total length of the extending cylinder 21 is such that the attachment position of the supercharging pipe 23 and the distance A to the spout 9 of the mixing element 3, the position of the supercharging pipe 23, and the extension cylinder 21.
  • the distance B to the injection port 22 provided at the tip is formed to be equal to or slightly longer than the diameter e of the supercharged pipe 23 and is at least three times or less, but is not limited to three times.
  • the inner diameter c of the elongated cylinder 21 within at least three times the inner diameter f of the supercharged pipe 23, it is possible to uniformly stir and mix with the pressure fluid s from the supercharged pipe.
  • the generated ultra-fine atomized fluid n can be efficiently ejected outward from the ejection port without being re-separated, but is not necessarily limited to within 3 times.
  • the micronized fluid n generated by collision and stirring and mixing flows in the B direction, the micronized fluid n undergoes a recombination action of water particles over time (distance).
  • the distance B is too long, water molecules are recombined and then released under atmospheric pressure, so the effect of artificial snowfall by adiabatic expansion is halved. Accordingly, when the atomized fluid m flowing in from the A direction and the pressure fluid s injected from the supercharging pipe 23 are mixed by stirring, the ultra atomized fluid n generated in the B direction causes recombination of water molecules. It is possible to efficiently generate artificial snow by discharging in the previous ultrafine particle state (distance B).
  • the pressure fluid s injected from the supercharged pipe 23 into the extending cylinder 21 divides 10 to 40% of the amount of water flowing through the pressurized water pipe Y when, for example, pressurized water is used as the pressure fluid. To use. When compressed air is used, 10 to 20% of the amount of air flowing through the compressed air pipe X is divided and used. It is preferable that the flow rate of the divided pressure fluid is 6 m / s for pressurized water and 25 m / s for compressed air.
  • the pressure fluid s is jetted from the supercharged pipe 23 and collides with the atomizing fluid m flowing through the stretched cylindrical body 21 to subdivide the water particles, whereby the water molecules are further refined and the ultrafine particles are obtained.
  • a fluid (100 ⁇ m or less) n By generating a fluid (100 ⁇ m or less) n and spraying it from the jet port 9, more artificial snow can be snowed with a small amount of compressed air, so that power consumption is small and economical.
  • smoke smoldering in a mountain is about 10 ⁇ in size, and if water particles of the same size are generated with a snow gun to form snow, the particles are too small to diffuse and scatter to places other than the predetermined slope. Therefore, about 100 ⁇ is preferable.
  • FIG. 5 shows a pressure fluid s by connecting a single supercharged pipe 23 in a direction perpendicular to the axial center direction of the elongated cylinder 21. Sprays the central part of the atomized fluid m flowing through the extending cylinder 21 from a right angle direction, and further subdivides the water particles by utilizing the expansion and contraction action when the compressed fluid s returns to atmospheric pressure with a bursting force. As shown in the arrow, the pressure fluid s can collide with the wall surface on the opposite side of the supercharged pipe 23 of the stretched cylinder 21 and bounce back to stir and mix the atomized fluid m again. .
  • a plurality of supercharging pipes 23 a may be mounted side by side at right angles to the axial direction of the extending cylinder 21.
  • the injection amount of the pressure fluid s flowing from the outside into each supercharged pipe 23 is increased, and gathers near the center of the atomized fluid m flowing through the elongated cylinder 21.
  • the water molecules are subdivided by colliding an intense pressure fluid s against the high-density water molecules.
  • the smaller the water particles of the atomized fluid m sprayed from the downstream injection port 22 the more effective freezing can be achieved by adiabatic expansion, so that the subdivided water molecules are blown into the air. By touching air having an adiabatic expansion effect, ice can be efficiently frozen to generate artificial snow.
  • At least one supercharged pipe 23b may be attached to the upstream side or the downstream side, preferably the upstream side, of the extending cylinder 21 with a slight angle. In this case, it is preferable to mount it at an angle of 30 degrees or less.
  • the flow rate of the atomized fluid m flowing through the elongated cylinder 21 flows down at a high speed of 60 to 100 m / s, or higher, if the outlet of the supercharged pipe 23b is inclined and attached upstream, It is possible to make the pressure fluid s ejected from the supercharged pipe collide with the atomizing fluid m, and to mix and mix by shearing and stirring. If the supercharged pipe 23b is attached orthogonally to the extending cylinder 21 or is inclined to the downstream side, the distance B to the injection port 22 is short, so that the pressure fluid s may immediately flow down in the direction of the injection port. .
  • the pressure fluid s in the supercharged pipe 23b is attached to the atomized fluid m located upstream from the position of the supercharged pipe 23b by attaching the pressure fluid s at an angle so that the pressure fluid s is jetted upstream. It is possible to efficiently generate artificial snow by further subdividing the particles of the super atomized fluid n that are collided and efficiently stirred and mixed in the extending cylinder 21 and sprayed from the injection port 22. It goes without saying that the cross-sectional mouth shape of the extending cylindrical body 21 constituting the turbo nozzle 20 may be formed into an elliptical shape other than a circular shape or other shapes.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the turbo nozzle 20 is attached to the outlet 37 of the second mixing element 33.
  • the second mixing element 33 is formed at the center of a double pipe formed on the same axis. It consists of a second water passage 34 for sending pressure water and a second air passage 35 for sending compressed air to the outside of the water passage. One end of each of the water passage 34 and the second air passage 35 is compressed. It is connected to an air pipe X and a pressurized water pipe Y.
  • a compressed portion 36 is formed by forming a constricted portion 36 in which the outlet end of the second air flow path 35 of the second mixing element 33 is constricted to the vicinity of the outlet diameter of the second water flow passage 34, and the spout 37 is narrowed by the constricted portion.
  • the atomized fluid m which is a mixture of air and water, is sprayed from the outside to the water column of the central second water flow path 34.
  • the turbo nozzle 40 attached to the spout 37 of the second mixing element 33 is the same as that attached to the mixing element 20 described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

Economic and efficient artificial snow is made by further fragmentation of an atomized fluid generated by mixing compressed air and pressurized water. One end of a compressed second air flow path (X) and one end of a pressurized second water flow path (Y) are respectively connected to an air flow path (4) and a water flow path (5) of a mixing element (3) housed in a snow gun main body (1). A jet port (9) for jetting a mixed atomized fluid (m) is provided on the downstream side of a chamber (7) formed in a mixing flow path (6) provided on the downstream side of the air flow path and the water flow path. A turbo nozzle (20) for jetting an ultra-atomized fluid (n) mixed by crushing/stirring the jetted atomized fluid (m) again by a pressured fluid (s) diverted from the compressed second air flow path (X) or the pressurized second water flow path (Y) is provided outside the jet port.

Description

スノーガンsnow gun
　本発明は、圧縮空気と加圧水を混合させて形成した微粒化流体にさらに圧縮流体を衝突させて細分化した超微粒化流体をターボノズルから噴霧させる噴霧ガス、特に、人工雪を効率よく生成するスノーガンに関するものである。 The present invention efficiently generates atomized gas, in particular artificial snow, for spraying from a turbo nozzle a finely divided ultrafine fluid obtained by further colliding a compressed fluid with a fine fluid formed by mixing compressed air and pressurized water. It is about snow guns.
　従来、人工雪を生成する人工降雪器には多種多様なものがあり、比較的外気温度が高くても（２℃程度）降雪が可能なスノーガン方式の降雪器が普及している。スノーガン方式の降雪器は、圧縮空気と加圧水をスノーガンの先端に設けた混合エレメントで混合させることにより生成した微粒化流体を噴射ノズルから大気中に噴霧すると、該微粒化流体に含まれる圧縮空気の断熱膨張によりノズル出口付近に低温域が形成され、該低温域を微粒化流体に含まれる霧状の水分が冷却されて飛ばされることにより人工雪を生成している。 Conventionally, there are a wide variety of artificial snowfall devices that generate artificial snow, and snow gun type snowfall devices capable of snowfall even at a relatively high outside air temperature (about 2 ° C.) have become widespread. When a atomized fluid generated by mixing compressed air and pressurized water with a mixing element provided at the tip of a snow gun is sprayed into the atmosphere from an injection nozzle, a snow gun type snowfall device uses the compressed air contained in the atomized fluid. Due to the adiabatic expansion, a low temperature region is formed in the vicinity of the nozzle outlet, and mist-like water contained in the atomized fluid is cooled and blown off the low temperature region to generate artificial snow.
　しかし、実際には噴射ノズルから噴射される水分子は断熱膨張により形成した低温域を一瞬で通過するため、噴射ノズルから噴射される水分子の多くを断熱膨張で凍結させることは不可能である。そのため、水滴の多くは噴霧後に微小な氷粒の核となって付近に存在する同時に噴射された水滴を付着させながら氷粒に成長して降雪させるものであるためシャーベット状に近い雪になりやすかった。そのため、自然雪に近い人工雪を得るためには、混合エレメントの改良や圧縮空気の使用量を増加させて低温域を広げるなどして水分子をさらに細分化して凍結率を向上させることが行われている。 However, in reality, since water molecules injected from the injection nozzle pass through a low temperature region formed by adiabatic expansion in an instant, it is impossible to freeze most of the water molecules injected from the injection nozzle by adiabatic expansion. . For this reason, most of the water droplets become nuclei of fine ice particles after spraying and grow while falling into ice particles while adhering water droplets that are sprayed at the same time. It was. Therefore, in order to obtain artificial snow that is close to natural snow, it is necessary to improve the freezing rate by further subdividing water molecules by improving the mixing element and increasing the amount of compressed air used to widen the low temperature range. It has been broken.
　前記スノーガンに取付ける混合エレメントは、圧縮空気と加圧水を混合させるパイプを二重に形成した二流体ノズル型と、圧縮空気と加圧水を内部に設けた混合室で瞬間混合させて微粒化流体を生成するスタティックミキサー型などが広く知られている。前者の二流体ノズル型は、中央に加圧水を送水する内パイプを配し、該内パイプの外側に圧縮空気を圧送する外パイプを設け、外パイプの出口を内パイプの出口径近くまで絞って流出口を狭め、圧縮空気の圧力を高めて中央の水流に圧縮空気を外側から衝突攪拌させて噴出口から微粒化流体を噴射している（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 The mixing element attached to the snow gun is a two-fluid nozzle type in which a pipe for mixing compressed air and pressurized water is doubled and a mixing chamber in which compressed air and pressurized water are provided to instantaneously mix to generate atomized fluid. A static mixer type is widely known. In the former two-fluid nozzle type, an inner pipe for feeding pressurized water is arranged in the center, an outer pipe for feeding compressed air is provided outside the inner pipe, and the outlet of the outer pipe is narrowed to the outlet diameter of the inner pipe. The outlet is narrowed, the pressure of the compressed air is increased, the compressed air is collided and stirred from the outside into the central water stream, and the atomized fluid is injected from the outlet (for example, see Patent Document 1).
特開平０７－１９８２３８号JP 07-198238 A
　この二流体ノズル型は、内パイプ内の水流柱に対し周囲から圧縮空気を噴射させたとき、該圧縮空気が水流柱の断面中心部分に至るに従って圧縮空気の圧力が弱くなって到達時間が遅れたり、部分的に届きにくくなるなど微粒化流体が不均一となってむらができやすく、均一な微粒化流体を形成することが困難であった。さらに、前記噴出口から噴霧される微粒化流体の不均一を無くすため、圧縮空気の圧力をさらに上げて水流の中心部分にまで圧縮空気を到達させて攪拌することにより、均一な微粒化流体を形成することが行われている。しかし、圧縮空気の圧力を上げるには大型のコンプレッサーを必要とするなどの問題点を有していた。 In this two-fluid nozzle type, when compressed air is injected from the surroundings to the water flow column in the inner pipe, the pressure of the compressed air decreases as the compressed air reaches the center of the cross section of the water flow column, and the arrival time is delayed. It is difficult to form a uniform atomized fluid because the atomized fluid is non-uniform and uneven, for example, it becomes difficult to reach partially. Furthermore, in order to eliminate non-uniformity of the atomized fluid sprayed from the jet outlet, the pressure of the compressed air is further increased, and the compressed air reaches the central portion of the water flow and is stirred. To be formed. However, in order to raise the pressure of compressed air, there existed problems, such as requiring a large sized compressor.
　スタティックミキサー型の混合エレメントで圧縮空気と加圧水を混合させる場合、それぞれ別回路で送流された圧縮空気と加圧水を混合室内で攪拌・混合して微粒化流体を生成し、該微粒化流体を混合室の下流に設けた噴出口から噴霧する。前記スタティックミキサー型の混合エレメントで混合された微粒化流体は、微粒化流体に含まれる水分より圧縮空気の流動性が高いことなどから、噴出口から噴霧された微粒化流体の内、気相部である圧縮空気は瞬間的に噴出口の外側に多く集合して断熱膨張し、水分の少ない又は水分のない空間より多く噴出させつつ噴出口の周囲を急激に冷やすため、圧縮空気の消費量が非常に多くなって人工雪の生成効率が低下するという問題点を有していた。即ち、スタティックミキサーの混合エレメント内において、水分子を微細化したにもかかわらず小口の噴出口に送られるため広域部から狭域部に強制的に押し込まれて水分が再結合してしまうため人工雪の生成効率が低下していた。 When mixing compressed air and pressurized water with a static mixer type mixing element, the compressed air and pressurized water sent in separate circuits are stirred and mixed in the mixing chamber to generate atomized fluid, and the atomized fluid is mixed. Spray from a spout provided downstream of the chamber. The atomized fluid mixed by the static mixer type mixing element has higher fluidity of compressed air than moisture contained in the atomized fluid. Compressed air is instantaneously gathered outside the jet outlet and adiabatically expands. There was a problem that the generation efficiency of artificial snow was reduced due to the increase of the number of artificial snows. That is, in the mixing element of the static mixer, the water molecules are refined and are sent to the small-mouthed nozzle, so that the water is forcibly pushed from the wide area to the narrow area and the water is recombined. Snow generation efficiency has been reduced.
　前記微粒子流体は、重力の影響を受けて時間の経過と共に水と空気とに分離しやすく、スタティックミキサーで混合された微粒子流体は噴出口付近で上方に軽い圧縮空気が押し上げられ、重い水分子が下側に集まりやすくなるなど、混合された微粒化流体が均一化しないなどの問題点を有している。さらには、スノーガンで広い範囲で遠くまで微粒化流体を飛ばすため、混合エレメントを約４５度から水平方向に近い角度に設置して噴霧しているので、前記のように微粒化流体は重力の影響を受けて均一になりにくくなって人工雪の生成効率が低下するなどの欠点があった。 The fine particle fluid is easily separated into water and air over time due to the influence of gravity. The fine particle fluid mixed by the static mixer is pushed upward by light compressed air near the jet outlet, and heavy water molecules There is a problem that the mixed atomized fluid does not become uniform, such as being easily gathered on the lower side. Furthermore, since the atomized fluid is blown far away in a wide range with a snow gun, the mixing element is sprayed with the mixing element installed at an angle close to the horizontal direction from about 45 degrees, so the atomized fluid is affected by gravity as described above. However, it is difficult to be uniform and the generation efficiency of artificial snow is reduced.
　このスタティックミキサー型の混合エレメントで生成される微粒化流体の不均衡を少なくするために、前記二流体ノズル型と同様、コンプレサーの容量を大きくして圧縮空気の圧力を上げて強制的に攪拌・混合させる必要があるが、コンプレサーの容量を大きくするためには該コンプレサーが高額であり、しかも消費電力が増大するなど大変不経済であると共に騒音が大きくなるなどの問題点を有していた。 In order to reduce the imbalance of the atomized fluid generated by this static mixer type mixing element, like the two-fluid nozzle type, the capacity of the compressor is increased to increase the pressure of the compressed air to forcibly However, in order to increase the capacity of the compressor, there is a problem that the compressor is expensive and power consumption increases, which is very uneconomical and noise increases.
　そこで本発明は、大型コンプレッサーを使用して圧縮空気の圧力を上げて強制的に攪拌・混合することにより微粒化流体を生成するのではなく、混合エレメントに送気、すなわち供給される圧縮空気または加圧水の一部を再度前記微粒化流体に噴射させて水分子に衝突させて攪拌・混合させることにより、より細分化した水分子からなる超微粒化流体を生成するターボノズルを有したスノーガンを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention does not generate atomized fluid by raising the pressure of compressed air using a large compressor and forcibly stirring and mixing, but supplies air to the mixing element, that is, supplied compressed air or Providing a snow gun with a turbo nozzle that generates a super atomized fluid consisting of more finely divided water molecules by injecting a portion of pressurized water into the atomized fluid again, colliding with water molecules, stirring and mixing The purpose is to do.
　本願発明は、空気流路４と水流路５からの圧縮空気及び加圧水を混合させる混合エレメント３の下流側に噴出口９を設けたスノーガン本体１において、前記圧縮空気と加圧水を攪拌・混合させた微粒化流体ｍに圧力流体ｓを衝突させて再度粉砕して細分化させて生成した超微粒化流体ｎを噴射させるターボノズル２０を前記噴出口９に設けてなることを特徴とする。また、前記混合エレメント３は、圧縮空気パイプＸと加圧水パイプＹの一端をスノーガン本体１に収容して設け、前記空気流路４と水流路５の下流側に設けた混合流路６に連結したチャンバー７の下流側に、前記圧縮空気と加圧水を混合させた微粒化流体ｍを噴射する噴出口９を形成してなり、前記圧縮第２空気流路Ｘまたは加圧第２水流路Ｙから分流した圧力流体ｓを噴射する過給パイプ２３を前記タ－ボノズル２０の延伸筒体２１に連結し、該延伸筒体の噴射口２２から噴射させることを特徴とする。さらに、前記ターボノズル２０は、一端を前記混合エレメント３の噴出口９の下流側に接続して該噴出口から噴射した微粒化流体ｍを流通させる延伸筒体２１と、前記延伸筒体２１内を流通する前記微粒化流体ｍに前記圧縮空気パイプＸまたは加圧水パイプＹから分流した圧力流体ｓを衝突させる少なくとも１以上の過給パイプ２３と、前記過給パイプ２３に一端を連結して他端を前記噴出口９に連結した圧縮空気パイプＸまたは加圧水パイプＹのいずれか一方からの圧力流体ｓを供給する連結パイプ２６とからなることを特徴とする。さらにまた、前記ターボノズル２０を構成する延伸筒体２１は、前記過給パイプ２３の取付位置と前記混合エレメント３の噴出口９までの距離Ａおよび過給パイプ２３の取付位置と延伸筒体２１の噴射口２２までの距離Ｂが過給パイプ２３の直径ｅより長く形成し、前記延伸筒体２１の内径ｃが前記過給パイプ２３の内径ｆより大きく形成したことを特徴とする。さらに、前記ターボノズル２０の前記延伸筒体２１に連結させる少なくとも１以上の各過給パイプ２３ａは、互いに並列または任意角度に取付けて各過給パイプ２３ａから噴射する圧力流体ｓが互いに衝突しない位置で、前記延伸筒部２１の軸心方向に対して直交又は角度を付けて取付けることを特徴とする。また、第２混合エレメント３３は、加圧水を送水する第２水流路３４を中央、また、圧縮空気を送気する第２空気流路３５を外側に配して二重に形成し、圧縮空気と加圧水が合流する付近の第２空気流路３５の端部に第２水流路３４の出口付近まで狭めた絞り部３６を形成し、該絞り部の下流側に加圧水と圧縮空気を混合させた微粒化流体ｍを噴射する噴出口３７を設け、前記第２空気流路３５または第２水流路３４から分流して前記微粒化流体ｍに衝突させて細分化して生成した超微粒化流体ｎを噴射させるターボノズル２０を前記噴出口３７に設けたことを特徴とする。さらに、前記第２混合エレメント３３の噴出口３７に取付けた第３ターボノズル５０は、一端を前記混合エレメント３３の噴出口３７に接続して微粒化流体ｍを流通させる延伸筒体５１と該延伸筒体に設けた圧力流体ｓを供給する横流路５４と第１縦流路５５を連結してなる過給流路５３を設けたことを特徴とする。 In the present invention, the compressed air and pressurized water are stirred and mixed in the snow gun body 1 provided with the jet port 9 on the downstream side of the mixing element 3 for mixing compressed air and pressurized water from the air channel 4 and the water channel 5. A turbo nozzle 20 for injecting a micronized fluid n generated by colliding with a micronized fluid m with a pressure fluid s and pulverizing and subdividing again is provided at the jetting port 9. The mixing element 3 is provided with one end of a compressed air pipe X and a pressurized water pipe Y accommodated in the snow gun body 1 and connected to a mixing channel 6 provided downstream of the air channel 4 and the water channel 5. A spout 9 for injecting the atomized fluid m in which the compressed air and the pressurized water are mixed is formed on the downstream side of the chamber 7, and is divided from the compressed second air flow path X or the pressurized second water flow path Y. The supercharged pipe 23 for injecting the pressurized fluid s is connected to the extending cylinder 21 of the turbo nozzle 20 and is injected from the injection port 22 of the extending cylinder. Further, the turbo nozzle 20 has one end connected to the downstream side of the jetting port 9 of the mixing element 3 and allows the atomized fluid m ejected from the jetting port to flow, and the inside of the drawing cylinder 21 At least one supercharged pipe 23 that collides with the atomized fluid m flowing through the compressed air pipe X or the pressurized water pipe Y with the pressurized fluid pipe S, and one end connected to the supercharged pipe 23 and the other end. And a connecting pipe 26 for supplying a pressurized fluid s from either one of the compressed air pipe X and the pressurized water pipe Y connected to the jet port 9. Furthermore, the extending cylinder 21 constituting the turbo nozzle 20 includes a mounting position of the supercharging pipe 23 and a distance A to the jet port 9 of the mixing element 3 and a mounting position of the supercharging pipe 23 and the extending cylinder 21. The distance B to the injection port 22 is longer than the diameter e of the supercharged pipe 23, and the inner diameter c of the elongated cylinder 21 is larger than the inner diameter f of the supercharged pipe 23. Further, at least one or more of the supercharged pipes 23a connected to the extending cylindrical body 21 of the turbo nozzle 20 are attached to each other in parallel or at an arbitrary angle so that the pressure fluids s injected from the supercharged pipes 23a do not collide with each other. Thus, it is characterized by being attached at an angle or an angle with respect to the axial direction of the stretched cylinder portion 21. In addition, the second mixing element 33 is formed in a double manner by arranging the second water flow path 34 for feeding pressurized water in the center and the second air flow path 35 for feeding compressed air on the outside. A narrowed portion 36 narrowed to the vicinity of the outlet of the second water flow channel 34 is formed at the end of the second air flow channel 35 in the vicinity where the pressurized water merges, and fine particles in which pressurized water and compressed air are mixed downstream of the throttle portion. A jet outlet 37 for jetting the atomizing fluid m is provided, and the super atomized fluid n generated by being divided from the second air channel 35 or the second water channel 34 and colliding with the atomizing fluid m is injected. The turbo nozzle 20 is provided at the jet outlet 37. Further, the third turbo nozzle 50 attached to the ejection port 37 of the second mixing element 33 has one end connected to the ejection port 37 of the mixing element 33 and the elongated cylinder 51 for circulating the atomized fluid m, and the stretching. The supercharging flow path 53 which connects the horizontal flow path 54 and the 1st vertical flow path 55 which supply the pressure fluid s provided in the cylinder is provided.
　したがって、混合エレメント３、３３の噴出口９、３７にターボノズル２０、４０、５０を取付けることにより、微粒化流体ｍを再度せん断・攪拌・混合することにより、むらのない均一化した超微粒化流体ｎを生成して噴出ノズルから噴霧することにより効率的に人工雪を生成することができ、また、大型コンプレッサーを不要とするため騒音も静かで圧縮空気の使用量も少なく、且つ消費電力が少ないため大変経済的である。 Therefore, by attaching the turbo nozzles 20, 40, 50 to the jet nozzles 9, 37 of the mixing elements 3, 33, the atomized fluid m is sheared, stirred, and mixed again to achieve uniform and ultra-fine atomization. Artificial snow can be generated efficiently by generating fluid n and spraying it from the jet nozzle, and since no large compressor is required, noise is quiet, compressed air consumption is low, and power consumption is low. It is very economical because there are few.
本発明に係るスノーガンの平面図である。1 is a plan view of a snow gun according to the present invention. 同側面図である。It is the same side view. 混合エレメントにターボノズルを取付けた使用状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition which attached the turbo nozzle to the mixing element. チャンバーを有した混合エレメントにターボノズルを取付けた使用状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition which attached the turbo nozzle to the mixing element which has a chamber. ターボノズルの要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view of a turbo nozzle. 複数の過給パイプを並列に取付けたターボノズルの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the turbo nozzle which attached the some supercharging pipe in parallel. 過給パイプを延伸筒体に傾斜して取付けたターボノズルの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the turbo nozzle which attached the supercharged pipe inclining to the extending | stretching cylinder. 複数の過給パイプをそれぞれ並列に傾斜して延伸筒体に取付けたターボノズルの断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a turbo nozzle in which a plurality of supercharged pipes are inclined in parallel and attached to an extension cylinder. 第２混合エレメントにターボノズルを取付けた状態の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the state which attached the turbo nozzle to the 2nd mixing element.
　本発明の実施形態を図面により説明すると、図１は本発明に係るスノーガンの平面図、図２は同側面図、図３は混合エレメントにターボノズルを取付けた使用状態を示す断面図、図４はチャンバーを有した混合エレメントにターボノズルを取付けた使用状態を示す断面図、図５はターボノズルの要部拡大断面図、図６は複数の過給パイプを並列に取付けたターボノズルの断面図、図７は過給パイプを傾斜して延伸筒体に取付けたターボノズルの断面図、図８は複数の過給パイプをそれぞれ並列に傾斜して延伸筒体に取付けたターボノズルの断面図、図９は第２混合エレメントにターボノズルを取付けた状態の断面図である。
　人工降雪器（図示せず）に取付けたスノーガン本体１は、一端に圧縮空気と加圧水を送るための圧縮第２空気流路Ｘと加圧第２水流路Ｙを連結し内部において圧縮空気と加圧水を攪拌・混合させる混合エレメント３を設け、該混合エレメントの先端に設けた噴出口９にターボノズル２０または第２ターボノズル４０を取付けて形成してある。 FIG. 1 is a plan view of a snow gun according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a use state in which a turbo nozzle is attached to a mixing element, and FIG. Is a sectional view showing a use state in which a turbo nozzle is attached to a mixing element having a chamber, FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the turbo nozzle, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the turbo nozzle in which a plurality of supercharging pipes are attached in parallel. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a turbo nozzle in which a supercharged pipe is inclined and attached to an extending cylinder, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a turbo nozzle in which a plurality of supercharged pipes are inclined in parallel and attached to an extending cylinder, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a state where a turbo nozzle is attached to the second mixing element.
A snow gun body 1 attached to an artificial snowfall device (not shown) has a compressed second air flow channel X and a pressurized second water flow channel Y for sending compressed air and pressurized water to one end, and compressed air and pressurized water inside. The mixing element 3 for stirring and mixing is provided, and the turbo nozzle 20 or the second turbo nozzle 40 is attached to the jet port 9 provided at the tip of the mixing element.
　第１の実施形態に係る混合エレメント（スタティックミキサー型）３は、図３に示すごとく、圧縮空気が送気される圧縮パイプＸに連結した空気流路４と、他方に加圧第２水流路Ｙに連通した水流路５を設け、互いの流路の下流側に略Ｔ字形、即ち下流側に拡径した混合水路６を形成し、該混合水路の下流に大径なチャンバー７を設けてある。このチャンバー７に、前記混合流路６側を開口させて断面コ字形をした攪拌内筒８を取付けてある。該攪拌内筒８の内壁およびチャンバー７の内壁には、流入した圧力流体を乱反射させて攪拌・混合を効率よくするための凹部（図示せず）を多数設けてある。このチャンバー７の下流側壁面の任意箇所に噴出口９を形成し、さらに該噴出口９の外側にターボノズル２０を設けてある。 As shown in FIG. 3, the mixing element (static mixer type) 3 according to the first embodiment includes an air flow path 4 connected to a compressed pipe X to which compressed air is fed, and a pressurized second water flow path on the other side. A water flow channel 5 communicating with Y is provided, a substantially T-shaped, that is, a mixed water channel 6 having an enlarged diameter downstream is formed on the downstream side of each flow channel, and a large-diameter chamber 7 is provided downstream of the mixed water channel. is there. An agitation inner cylinder 8 having a U-shaped cross section with the mixing channel 6 side opened is attached to the chamber 7. The inner wall of the stirring inner cylinder 8 and the inner wall of the chamber 7 are provided with a number of recesses (not shown) for efficiently reflecting and agitating and mixing the inflowing pressure fluid. A jet port 9 is formed at an arbitrary position on the downstream side wall surface of the chamber 7, and a turbo nozzle 20 is provided outside the jet port 9.
　前記混合エレメント３は、図４に示すごとく、チャンバー７の下流側に設けた連結口１１を介してチャンバー室１２を設け、該チャンバー室の下流側壁面の偏心位置に噴出口１３を形成してある。この噴出口１３をチャンバー室１２の偏心位置に設けることにより、該チャンバー室内の微粒化流体がさらに乱流現象を起こし、小径な噴出口１３内に進入する際に衝突・攪拌することにより水分子を微細化する。 As shown in FIG. 4, the mixing element 3 is provided with a chamber chamber 12 through a connection port 11 provided on the downstream side of the chamber 7, and an ejection port 13 is formed at an eccentric position on the downstream side wall surface of the chamber chamber. is there. By providing this jet port 13 at an eccentric position of the chamber chamber 12, the atomized fluid in the chamber chamber further causes a turbulent flow phenomenon. To refine.
　前記ターボノズル２０は、図１～５に示すごとく、前記混合エレメント３の噴出口９の外側に該噴出口の口径と同一内径をした延伸筒体２１を取付け、該延伸筒体の中間部分に該延伸筒体内を攪拌・混合しながら流通する微粒化流体ｍを再度せん断・攪拌して混合する圧力流体（水または空気）ｓを外方から供給する過給パイプ２３を連結し、該過給パイプに一端を連結して他端を前記混合エレメント３に連結した圧縮空気パイプＸまたは加圧水パイプＹのいずれかに連結している連結パイプ２６を連結してある。この連結パイプ２６には流路を開閉して調節する開閉弁２８を設けてあるが必ずしも必要ではない。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the turbo nozzle 20 is provided with an extending cylinder 21 having the same inner diameter as the outlet of the mixing element 3 on the outer side of the outlet 9 of the mixing element 3, and in the middle of the extending cylinder. A supercharging pipe 23 is connected to supply a pressure fluid (water or air) s that externally shears and agitates and mixes the atomized fluid m flowing while stirring and mixing in the drawing cylinder, and the supercharging A connecting pipe 26 is connected to one of the compressed air pipe X and the pressurized water pipe Y, one end of which is connected to the pipe and the other end is connected to the mixing element 3. The connecting pipe 26 is provided with an opening / closing valve 28 for opening and closing the flow path, but this is not always necessary.
　前記ターボノズル２０を構成する延伸筒体２１の内径を、前記噴出口９の内径と同径またはやや大きく形成することにより、該延伸筒体内を流通する微粒化流体ｍの摩擦抵抗が減少するのを防止している。また延伸筒体２１の全長は、図５に示すごとく、前記過給パイプ２３の取付け位置と前記混合エレメント３の噴出口９までの距離Ａと、過給パイプ２３の位置と延伸筒体２１の先端に設けた噴射口２２までの距離Ｂとが過給パイプ２３の直径ｅと同じかそれよりやや長く形成してあり、少なくとも３倍以内としてあるが、３倍に限るものではない。前記延伸筒体２１の内径ｃは、前記過給パイプ２３の内径ｆの少なくとも３倍以内に形成することにより、過給パイプからの圧力流体ｓによって均一に攪拌・混合することができ、また混合された超微粒化流体ｎが再分離することなく効率的に噴射口から外方に噴射することができるが、必ずしも３倍以内に限るものではない。 By forming the inner diameter of the extending cylinder 21 constituting the turbo nozzle 20 to be the same as or slightly larger than the inner diameter of the jet port 9, the frictional resistance of the atomized fluid m flowing through the extending cylinder decreases. Is preventing. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the total length of the extending cylinder 21 is such that the attachment position of the supercharging pipe 23 and the distance A to the spout 9 of the mixing element 3, the position of the supercharging pipe 23, and the extension cylinder 21. The distance B to the injection port 22 provided at the tip is formed to be equal to or slightly longer than the diameter e of the supercharged pipe 23 and is at least three times or less, but is not limited to three times. By forming the inner diameter c of the elongated cylinder 21 within at least three times the inner diameter f of the supercharged pipe 23, it is possible to uniformly stir and mix with the pressure fluid s from the supercharged pipe. The generated ultra-fine atomized fluid n can be efficiently ejected outward from the ejection port without being re-separated, but is not necessarily limited to within 3 times.
　前記延伸筒体２１内を流通する微粒化流体ｍの流体速度を例えば、６０～１００ｍ/ｓとしたとき、延伸筒体２１内を流れる流体の摩擦抵抗Ｆは、Ｆ＝Ｌ/αＤ（Ｌ：延伸筒体の長さ、Ｄ：延伸筒体の内径）の関係にある。したがって、距離Ａが長すぎると余計な摩擦抵抗が増えてエネルギーの損失が多くなり、また距離Ｂは、Ａ方向から流入する微粒化流体ｍと過給パイプ２３から圧送された圧力流体ｓとが衝突して攪拌混合して生成した超微粒化流体ｎがＢ方向に流れると、超微粒化流体ｎは時間の経過（距離）と共に水粒子の再結合作用が生じる。そのため、距離Ｂが長すぎると水分子が再結合した後に大気圧下に放出されるので断熱膨張による人工降雪の効果が半減する。したがって、Ａ方向から流入する微粒化流体ｍと過給パイプ２３から圧入された圧力流体ｓとが攪拌混合して生成した超微粒化流体ｎは、Ｂ方向に流れると水分子の再結合が生じる前の超微粒子状態（距離Ｂ）で放出させて効率的に人工雪を生成することができる。 When the fluid velocity of the atomized fluid m flowing through the drawing cylinder 21 is, for example, 60 to 100 m / s, the frictional resistance F of the fluid flowing through the drawing cylinder 21 is F = L / αD (L: The length of the stretched cylinder, D: the inner diameter of the stretched cylinder). Therefore, if the distance A is too long, extra frictional resistance increases and energy loss increases, and the distance B includes the atomized fluid m flowing in from the direction A and the pressure fluid s pumped from the supercharged pipe 23. When the micronized fluid n generated by collision and stirring and mixing flows in the B direction, the micronized fluid n undergoes a recombination action of water particles over time (distance). Therefore, if the distance B is too long, water molecules are recombined and then released under atmospheric pressure, so the effect of artificial snowfall by adiabatic expansion is halved. Accordingly, when the atomized fluid m flowing in from the A direction and the pressure fluid s injected from the supercharging pipe 23 are mixed by stirring, the ultra atomized fluid n generated in the B direction causes recombination of water molecules. It is possible to efficiently generate artificial snow by discharging in the previous ultrafine particle state (distance B).
　前記過給パイプ２３から延伸筒体２１内に噴射される圧力流体ｓは、例えば、加圧水を圧力流体として使用する場合には、前記加圧水パイプＹ内を流通する水量の１０～４０％を分流して使用する。また圧縮空気を使用する場合には、前記圧縮空気パイプＸ内を流通する空気量の１０～２０％を分流して使用する。分流された圧力流体の流速は、加圧水は６ｍ/ｓ、圧縮空気は２５ｍ/ｓであることが好ましい。 The pressure fluid s injected from the supercharged pipe 23 into the extending cylinder 21 divides 10 to 40% of the amount of water flowing through the pressurized water pipe Y when, for example, pressurized water is used as the pressure fluid. To use. When compressed air is used, 10 to 20% of the amount of air flowing through the compressed air pipe X is divided and used. It is preferable that the flow rate of the divided pressure fluid is 6 m / s for pressurized water and 25 m / s for compressed air.
　前記条件により圧力流体ｓを過給パイプ２３から噴射して延伸筒体２１内を流通する微粒化流体ｍに衝突させて水粒子を再度細分化させることにより、水分子がさらに細かくされて超微粒子流体(１００μ以下)ｎを生成し、これを噴出口９から噴霧することにより、少ない圧縮空気量でより多くの人工雪を降雪させることができるので消費電力が少なく経済的である。例えば、山にかすむ煙のサイズは１０μ程度であり、これと同じサイズの水粒子をスノーガンで生成してスノーを形成すると、粒子が小さすぎて所定のゲレンデ以外の場所に拡散・飛散して不具合となるので１００μ程度が好ましい。 Under the above conditions, the pressure fluid s is jetted from the supercharged pipe 23 and collides with the atomizing fluid m flowing through the stretched cylindrical body 21 to subdivide the water particles, whereby the water molecules are further refined and the ultrafine particles are obtained. By generating a fluid (100 μm or less) n and spraying it from the jet port 9, more artificial snow can be snowed with a small amount of compressed air, so that power consumption is small and economical. For example, smoke smoldering in a mountain is about 10μ in size, and if water particles of the same size are generated with a snow gun to form snow, the particles are too small to diffuse and scatter to places other than the predetermined slope. Therefore, about 100μ is preferable.
　前記第１のターボノズ２０に取付ける過給パイプ２３は、その数、取付角度などを多様に変化させることにより微粒化流体ｍの混合・攪拌効率を向上させることができる。以下、過給パイプ２３の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明すると、図５は一本の過給パイプ２３を延伸筒体２１の軸心方向に対して直角方向に連結することにより、圧力流体ｓが延伸筒体２１内を流通する微粒化流体ｍの中央部分を直角方向から噴射してその圧縮流体ｓが破裂的な勢いで大気圧に戻る時の伸縮作用を利用して水粒子をさらに細分化してせん断・攪拌すると共に、圧力流体ｓは矢印に示すごとくそのまま延伸筒体２１の過給パイプ２３と反対側の壁面に衝突して跳ね返って再度微粒化流体ｍを攪拌・混合させることができる。 The supercharging pipe 23 attached to the first turbo nose 20 can improve the mixing / stirring efficiency of the atomized fluid m by variously changing the number, attachment angle, and the like. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the supercharged pipe 23 will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows a pressure fluid s by connecting a single supercharged pipe 23 in a direction perpendicular to the axial center direction of the elongated cylinder 21. Sprays the central part of the atomized fluid m flowing through the extending cylinder 21 from a right angle direction, and further subdivides the water particles by utilizing the expansion and contraction action when the compressed fluid s returns to atmospheric pressure with a bursting force. As shown in the arrow, the pressure fluid s can collide with the wall surface on the opposite side of the supercharged pipe 23 of the stretched cylinder 21 and bounce back to stir and mix the atomized fluid m again. .
　図６に示すごとく、過給パイプ２３ａを延伸筒体２１の軸心方向に対して直角に複数本並べて取付けてもよい。過給パイプ２３ａを複数本取付けることにより、各過給パイプ２３内を外部から流入する圧力流体ｓの噴射量を増大させて延伸筒体２１内を流通する微粒化流体ｍの中央部付近に集合している高密度水分子に対し強烈な圧力流体ｓを衝突させることにより水分子を細分化する。また、下流側の噴射口２２から噴霧される微粒化流体ｍの水粒子が小さければ小さいほど断熱膨張による氷結を効率的に行うことができることから、細分化された水分子は空気中に飛ばされ断熱膨張効果を有した空気に触れたことにより効率的に氷結長させて人工雪を生成することができる。 As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of supercharging pipes 23 a may be mounted side by side at right angles to the axial direction of the extending cylinder 21. By attaching a plurality of supercharged pipes 23a, the injection amount of the pressure fluid s flowing from the outside into each supercharged pipe 23 is increased, and gathers near the center of the atomized fluid m flowing through the elongated cylinder 21. The water molecules are subdivided by colliding an intense pressure fluid s against the high-density water molecules. In addition, since the smaller the water particles of the atomized fluid m sprayed from the downstream injection port 22, the more effective freezing can be achieved by adiabatic expansion, so that the subdivided water molecules are blown into the air. By touching air having an adiabatic expansion effect, ice can be efficiently frozen to generate artificial snow.
　図７～８に示すごとく、少なくとも一本以上の過給パイプ２３ｂを、前記延伸筒体２１の上流側または下流側、好ましくは上流側にそれぞれやや角度をつけて取付けてもよい。この場合、３０度以内の角度に傾斜して取付けるのが好ましい。 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 8, at least one supercharged pipe 23b may be attached to the upstream side or the downstream side, preferably the upstream side, of the extending cylinder 21 with a slight angle. In this case, it is preferable to mount it at an angle of 30 degrees or less.
　前記延伸筒体２１内を流通する微粒化流体ｍの流速は６０～１００ｍ/ｓ、またはそれ以上の高速で流下するため、前記過給パイプ２３ｂの出口を上流側に傾斜させて取付けると、該過給パイプから噴射される圧力流体ｓを微粒化流体ｍに衝突させてせん断・攪拌して混合させる時間を少しでも長くすることができる。過給パイプ２３ｂを延伸筒体２１に直交して取付けたり、下流側に傾斜して取付けると噴射口２２までの距離Ｂが短いため、該圧力流体ｓが直ちに噴射口方向に流下するおそれがある。そのため、圧力流体ｓを上流側に噴射させるように角度を付して取付けることにより過給パイプ２３ｂ内の圧力流体ｓが、該過給パイプ２３ｂの位置より上流側に位置する微粒化流体ｍに衝突させて延伸筒体２１内で効率よく攪拌混合させて噴射口２２から噴霧する超微粒化流体ｎの粒子をより細分化さえて効率的に人工雪を生成できる。ターボノズル２０を構成する延伸筒体２１の断面口形は、円形以外の楕円形またはその他の形状に形成してもよいことは勿論である。 Since the flow rate of the atomized fluid m flowing through the elongated cylinder 21 flows down at a high speed of 60 to 100 m / s, or higher, if the outlet of the supercharged pipe 23b is inclined and attached upstream, It is possible to make the pressure fluid s ejected from the supercharged pipe collide with the atomizing fluid m, and to mix and mix by shearing and stirring. If the supercharged pipe 23b is attached orthogonally to the extending cylinder 21 or is inclined to the downstream side, the distance B to the injection port 22 is short, so that the pressure fluid s may immediately flow down in the direction of the injection port. . For this reason, the pressure fluid s in the supercharged pipe 23b is attached to the atomized fluid m located upstream from the position of the supercharged pipe 23b by attaching the pressure fluid s at an angle so that the pressure fluid s is jetted upstream. It is possible to efficiently generate artificial snow by further subdividing the particles of the super atomized fluid n that are collided and efficiently stirred and mixed in the extending cylinder 21 and sprayed from the injection port 22. It goes without saying that the cross-sectional mouth shape of the extending cylindrical body 21 constituting the turbo nozzle 20 may be formed into an elliptical shape other than a circular shape or other shapes.
　図９は第２混合エレメント３３の噴出口３７にターボノズル２０を取付けた実施形態を示すもので、第２混合エレメント３３は、それぞれ同一軸心上に形成した二重パイプの中央に、所定の圧力水を送流する第２水流路３４と該水流路の外側に圧縮空気を送気する第２空気流路３５とからなり、前記水流路３４と第２空気流路３５の一端はそれぞれ圧縮空気パイプＸおよび加圧水パイプＹに連結してある。 FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the turbo nozzle 20 is attached to the outlet 37 of the second mixing element 33. The second mixing element 33 is formed at the center of a double pipe formed on the same axis. It consists of a second water passage 34 for sending pressure water and a second air passage 35 for sending compressed air to the outside of the water passage. One end of each of the water passage 34 and the second air passage 35 is compressed. It is connected to an air pipe X and a pressurized water pipe Y.
前記第２混合エレメント３３の第２空気流路３５の出口側先端を第２水流路３４の出口径付近まで絞った絞り部３６を形成し、該絞り部で噴出口３７を狭めることにより圧縮空気の圧力を高め、中央の第２水流路３４の水流柱に外側から圧縮空気を噴射させて空気と水を混合させた微粒化流体ｍを噴射させる。この第２混合エレメント３３の噴出口３７に取付けたターボノズル４０は、前記した混合エレメント２０に取付けたものと同一である A compressed portion 36 is formed by forming a constricted portion 36 in which the outlet end of the second air flow path 35 of the second mixing element 33 is constricted to the vicinity of the outlet diameter of the second water flow passage 34, and the spout 37 is narrowed by the constricted portion. And the atomized fluid m, which is a mixture of air and water, is sprayed from the outside to the water column of the central second water flow path 34. The turbo nozzle 40 attached to the spout 37 of the second mixing element 33 is the same as that attached to the mixing element 20 described above.
　　１　　　スノーガン本体
　　３　　　混合エレメント
　　４　　　空気流路
　　５　　　水流路
　　６　　　混合流路
　　７　　　チャンバー
　　９　　　噴出口
　　２０　　ターボノズル
　　２１　　延伸筒体
　　２２　　噴射口
　　２３　　過給パイプ
　　２６　　連結パイプ
　　３３　　第２混合エレメント
　　３４　　第２水流路
　　３５　　第２空気流路
　　３６　　絞り部
　　３７　　噴出口
　　Ｘ　　　圧縮第２空気流路
　　Ｙ　　　加圧第２水流路
　　ｍ　　　微粒化流体
　　ｎ　　　超微粒化流体
　　ｓ　　　圧力流体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Snow gun body 3 Mixing element 4 Air flow path 5 Water flow path 6 Mixing flow path 7 Chamber 9 Spout 20 Turbo nozzle 21 Stretched cylinder 22 Injection port 23 Supercharged pipe 26 Connection pipe 33 2nd mixing element 34 2nd water flow path 35 2nd air flow path 36 Restriction part 37 Jet outlet X Compression 2nd air flow path Y Pressurization 2nd water flow path m Atomization fluid n Super atomization fluid s Pressure fluid

Claims (7)

  1. 　空気流路（４）と水流路（５）からの圧縮空気及び加圧水を混合させる混合エレメント（３）の下流側に噴出口（９）を設けたスノーガン本体（１）において、
    　前記圧縮空気と加圧水を攪拌・混合させた微粒化流体（ｍ）に圧力流体（ｓ）を衝突させて再度粉砕して細分化させて生成した超微粒化流体（ｎ）を噴射させるターボノズル（２０）を前記噴出口（９）に設けてなることを特徴とするスノーガン。     In the snow gun body (1) provided with the jet outlet (9) on the downstream side of the mixing element (3) for mixing the compressed air and pressurized water from the air channel (4) and the water channel (5),
    A turbo nozzle for injecting a micronized fluid (n) produced by colliding a pressure fluid (s) with a micronized fluid (m) obtained by stirring and mixing the compressed air and pressurized water and pulverizing and subdividing again. A snow gun characterized in that 20) is provided at the jet outlet (9).
  2. 　前記混合エレメント（３）は、圧縮空気パイプ（Ｘ）と加圧水パイプ（Ｙ）の一端をスノーガン本体（１）に収容して設け、前記空気流路（４）と水流路（５）の下流側に設けた混合流路（６）に連結したチャンバー（７）の下流側に、前記圧縮空気と加圧水を混合させた微粒化流体（ｍ）を噴射する噴出口（９）を形成してなり、前記圧縮空気パイプ（Ｘ）または加圧水パイプ（Ｙ）のいずれか一方から分流した圧力流体（ｓ）を噴射する過給パイプ（２３）を前記タ－ボノズル（２０）の延伸筒体（２１）に連結し、該延伸筒体の噴射口（２２）から噴射させることを特徴とする請求項１記載のスノーガン。 The mixing element (3) is provided by accommodating one end of a compressed air pipe (X) and a pressurized water pipe (Y) in a snow gun main body (1), and downstream of the air flow path (4) and the water flow path (5). A jet port (9) for injecting the atomized fluid (m) in which the compressed air and the pressurized water are mixed is formed on the downstream side of the chamber (7) connected to the mixing channel (6) provided in A supercharged pipe (23) for injecting a pressurized fluid (s) divided from either the compressed air pipe (X) or the pressurized water pipe (Y) is provided to the extending cylinder (21) of the turbo nozzle (20). The snow gun according to claim 1, wherein the snow gun is connected and sprayed from an ejection port (22) of the elongated cylindrical body.
  3. 　前記ターボノズル（２０）は、一端を前記混合エレメント（３）の噴出口（９）の下流側に接続して該噴出口から噴射した微粒化流体（ｍ）を流通させる延伸筒体（２１）と、
    　前記延伸筒体（２１）内を流通する前記微粒化流体（ｍ）に前記圧縮空気パイプ（Ｘ）または加圧水パイプ（Ｙ）から分流した圧力流体（ｓ）を衝突させる少なくとも１以上の過給パイプ（２３）と、
    　前記過給パイプ（２３）に一端を連結して他端を前記噴出口（９）に連結した圧縮空気パイプ（Ｘ）または加圧水パイプ（Ｙ）のいずれか一方からの圧力流体（ｓ）を供給する連結パイプ（２６）とからなることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のスノーガン。     The turbo nozzle (20) has one end connected to the downstream side of the jet port (9) of the mixing element (3) and allows the atomized fluid (m) ejected from the jet port to circulate. When,
    At least one or more supercharged pipes that collide the compressed fluid (m) flowing from the compressed air pipe (X) or the pressurized water pipe (Y) with the atomized fluid (m) flowing through the elongated cylinder (21). (23)
    Pressure fluid (s) is supplied from one of the compressed air pipe (X) and the pressurized water pipe (Y) having one end connected to the supercharging pipe (23) and the other end connected to the jet outlet (9). The snow gun according to claim 1, wherein the snow gun comprises a connecting pipe.
  4. 　前記ターボノズル（２０）を構成する延伸筒体（２１）は、前記過給パイプ（２３）の取付位置と前記混合エレメント（３）の噴出口（９）までの距離（Ａ）および過給パイプ（２３）の取付位置と延伸筒体（２１）の噴射口（２２）までの距離（Ｂ）が過給パイプ（２３）の直径（ｅ）より長く形成し、前記延伸筒体（２１）の内径（ｃ）が前記過給パイプ（２３）の内径（ｆ）より大きく形成したことを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれか１記載のスノーガン。 The extending cylindrical body (21) constituting the turbo nozzle (20) includes a distance (A) between the attachment position of the supercharged pipe (23) and the ejection port (9) of the mixing element (3), and a supercharged pipe. The distance (B) from the attachment position of (23) to the injection port (22) of the elongated cylinder (21) is formed longer than the diameter (e) of the supercharged pipe (23), and the elongated cylinder (21) The snow gun according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inner diameter (c) is larger than an inner diameter (f) of the supercharged pipe (23).
  5. 　前記ターボノズル（２０）の前記延伸筒体（２１）に連結させる少なくとも１以上の各過給パイプ（２３ａ）は、互いに並列または任意角度に取付けて各過給パイプ（２３ａ）から噴射する圧力流体（ｓ）が互いに衝突しない位置で、前記延伸筒部（２１）の軸心方向に対して直交又は角度を付けて取付けることを特徴とする請求項１ないし４のいずれか１記載のスノーガン。 At least one or more supercharging pipes (23a) to be connected to the extending cylinder (21) of the turbo nozzle (20) are attached to each other in parallel or at an arbitrary angle, and pressure fluid is ejected from each supercharging pipe (23a). The snow gun according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein (s) is attached at a position where they do not collide with each other, at an angle or an angle with respect to the axial direction of the extending tube portion (21).
  6. 　第２混合エレメント（３３）は、加圧水を送水する第２水流路（３４）を中央、また、圧縮空気を送気する第２空気流路（３５）を外側に配して二重に形成し、圧縮空気と加圧水が合流する付近の第２空気流路（３５）の端部に第２水流路（３４）の出口付近まで狭めた絞り部（３６）を形成し、該絞り部の下流側に加圧水と圧縮空気を混合させた微粒化流体（ｍ）を噴射する噴出口（３７）を設け、前記第２空気流路（３５）または第２水流路（３５）から分流して前記微粒化流体（ｍ）に衝突して細分化して生成した超微粒化流体（ｎ）を噴射させるターボノズル（２０）を前記噴出口（３７）に設けたことを特徴とする請求項１記載のスノーガン。 The second mixing element (33) has a second water flow path (34) for feeding pressurized water in the center and a second air flow path (35) for feeding compressed air on the outside to form a double. A narrowed portion (36) narrowed to the vicinity of the outlet of the second water flow path (34) is formed at the end of the second air flow path (35) in the vicinity where the compressed air and the pressurized water merge, and the downstream side of the narrowed portion Is provided with a jet outlet (37) for injecting atomized fluid (m) in which pressurized water and compressed air are mixed, and the atomization is performed by diverting from the second air channel (35) or the second water channel (35). The snow gun according to claim 1, wherein a turbo nozzle (20) for injecting an ultrafine atomized fluid (n) generated by colliding with the fluid (m) is provided at the outlet (37).
  7. 　前記第２混合エレメント（３３）の噴出口（３７）に取付けた第３ターボノズル（５０）は、一端を前記混合エレメント（３３）の噴出口（３７）に接続して微粒化流体（ｍ）を流通させる延伸筒体（５１）と該延伸筒体に設けた圧力流体（ｓ）を供給する横流路（５４）と第１縦流路（５５）を連結してなる過給流路（５３）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項７記載のスノーガン。 The third turbo nozzle (50) attached to the spout (37) of the second mixing element (33) has one end connected to the spout (37) of the mixing element (33) and atomized fluid (m). A supercharged flow path (53) formed by connecting a first cylindrical flow path (55) and a horizontal flow path (54) for supplying a pressure fluid (s) provided in the stretched cylindrical body (51). 8. The snow gun according to claim 7, further comprising:
PCT/JP2009/057727 2008-05-16 2009-04-17 Snow gun WO2009139265A1 (en)

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JP2008-130139 2008-05-16
JP2008130139A JP2009276030A (en) 2008-05-16 2008-05-16 Snow gun

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CN103447185A (en) * 2013-08-06 2013-12-18 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 Dry ice spraying device and dry ice spraying method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6118737B2 (en) * 2014-01-29 2017-04-19 エスペック株式会社 Environmental test equipment and spray nozzle for snowfall
DE102015200236A1 (en) 2015-01-12 2016-07-14 Lechler Gmbh Method of producing a spray jet and two-fluid nozzle

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3301485A (en) * 1964-09-14 1967-01-31 Joseph C Tropeano Method and apparatus for making frozen particles
US5090619A (en) * 1990-08-29 1992-02-25 Pinnacle Innovations Snow gun having optimized mixing of compressed air and water flows
JPH08509800A (en) * 1993-02-19 1996-10-15 ヨルク フランス エルシャル Snow machine improvements

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3301485A (en) * 1964-09-14 1967-01-31 Joseph C Tropeano Method and apparatus for making frozen particles
US5090619A (en) * 1990-08-29 1992-02-25 Pinnacle Innovations Snow gun having optimized mixing of compressed air and water flows
JPH08509800A (en) * 1993-02-19 1996-10-15 ヨルク フランス エルシャル Snow machine improvements

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103447185A (en) * 2013-08-06 2013-12-18 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 Dry ice spraying device and dry ice spraying method
CN103447185B (en) * 2013-08-06 2015-05-13 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 Dry ice spraying device and dry ice spraying method

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