WO2009121306A1

WO2009121306A1 - A drip-irrigation method, a drip-irrigation head, a drip-irrigation device and a making method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2009121306A1
Application number: PCT/CN2009/071143
Authority: WO
Inventors: 诸钧
Original assignee: Zhu Jun
Priority date: 2008-04-03
Filing date: 2009-04-02
Publication date: 2009-10-08
Also published as: CN101549334A

Abstract

A drip-irrigation head, a drip-irrigation device and a drip-irrigation method and a making method thereof, said drip-irrigation head comprises porous filter membrane(2) and one or more corresponding flow restrictors(3). Said flow restrictor(3) comprises inlet and outlet and has one or more flow restricting holes. Said porous filter membrane(2) forms filter section at the inlet of the flow restrictor(3), so water flows through the filter membrane(2) to be filtered and then flows out of the flow restrictor(3) for irrigation. The maximum orifice diameter of said flow restrictor(3) is greater than that of the filter membrane(2), and the total permeation capacity of the flow restrictor(3) is less than that of said filter membrane(2).

Description

渗灌方法、渗灌头、渗灌装置及其制造方法技术领域 Irrigation method, percolating head, percolating device and manufacturing method thereof

本发明涉及一种用于对植物进行灌溉的微灌技术，具体而言是指一种渗灌方法、渗灌头、渗灌装置及其制造方法。背景技术 The present invention relates to a micro-irrigation technique for irrigating plants, and more particularly to an irrigation method, a drip irrigation head, a percolating device, and a method of manufacturing the same. Background technique

当今滴灌渗灌中遇到的一个最大问题就是灌水器出水孔的堵塞。为了防堵目前普遍的做法就是在灌溉管网的供水端进行水处理，这不但需要很大的设备成本投入，而且，如果水处理不当还会造成整个管网的报废。 One of the biggest problems encountered in today's drip irrigation is the blockage of the water outlet of the emitter. In order to prevent plugging, the current common practice is to carry out water treatment on the water supply end of the irrigation pipe network, which not only requires a large investment in equipment costs, but also causes the entire pipe network to be scrapped if the water is improperly handled.

滴灌的出水孔径多在 0. 5-lmm之间，渗灌主要出水孔径分布从几十微米到一百多微米，经研究发现，正是由以上孔径范围内众多直径大小不一的杂质共同淤积造成堵塞，颗粒直径范围从几十微米到小于一微米。仔细观察发现，这些出水孔被堵塞的过程是这样的：管道中的水在压力作用下沿轴向流动，其中部分水在管道沿径向通过出水孔流出，即为灌溉水，水中夹带的与出水口直径相近或若干较小直径颗粒在通过出水孔水流的快速冲带下，形成搭桥卡在出水孔道内，这样在搭桥的周围就剩下更小的孔隙，这些孔隙又会被其它颗粒或更小的颗粒搭桥占据，如此被一点点堵死。 The effluent diameter of drip irrigation is mostly between 0. 5-lmm, and the main effluent pore size distribution of osmotic irrigation ranges from tens of micrometers to more than one hundred micrometers. It has been found that many deposits of different diameters and sizes in the above pore size range are co-deposited. Causing clogging, particle diameters range from tens of microns to less than one micron. Careful observation shows that the process of blocking the water outlet holes is such that the water in the pipe flows axially under pressure, and part of the water flows out through the water outlet holes in the radial direction of the pipe, that is, irrigation water, entrained in the water. The diameter of the water outlet is similar or a number of smaller diameter particles are formed under the rapid rushing of the water flowing through the water outlet hole, and a bridge is formed in the water outlet channel, so that there are smaller pores around the bridge, and the pores are replaced by other particles or The smaller particles are occupied by bridges, so they are blocked a little.

另一方面，径向的出水水流与管道内流动的平行水流成垂直方向，平行水流也形成一定的剪切力，但由于径向出水水流速度快，杂质速度也快，杂质卡入的出水孔道位置深，堵塞位置也深，附着力大，管道内的平行水流剪切力的效能微乎其微，根本不足以将卡在出水孔内的堵塞物清理出来。发明内容 On the other hand, the radial effluent water flow is perpendicular to the parallel flow of water flowing in the pipe, and the parallel water flow also forms a certain shear force, but because the radial effluent water flow speed is fast, the impurity velocity is also fast, and the impurity entangled water outlet channel The position is deep, the blockage position is deep, and the adhesion is large. The parallel flow shear force in the pipe is very ineffective, and it is not enough to clean up the blockage stuck in the water outlet hole. Summary of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种能够充分利用管道中水的流动产生的轻微搅动而自动清理自身堵塞物的渗灌方法、渗灌头、渗灌装置及其制造方法。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an infiltration method, an infiltration head, a percolating device, and a method of manufacturing the same that can automatically clean up the self-blocking material by utilizing slight agitation caused by the flow of water in the pipe.

发明人对管道中的水多次试验，并研究发现，当渗灌出水孔孔径足够小时，在渗灌出水孔出水流速足够低的情况下，杂质很难卡堵在出水孔道内，而是轻微附着在出水孔表面，管道中平行水流形成的剪切力很容易将其清理。充分利用这一特性，就可制成不堵塞又极其节水的灌溉渗灌装置。使用这种渗灌装置的整个灌溉***无需任何水处理设备，只利用灌溉管道内部的水流就可以完全进行自动清洗，长久使用不会堵塞。基于上述原理，本发明首先提出一种渗灌头，该渗灌头包括多孔滤膜及对应的一个或一个以上的限流器，所述限流器包括进口和出口，所述多孔滤膜在所述限流器的进口一端形成有过滤部，所述限流器包括一个或一个以上的限流孔，所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径，且所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力。 The inventor has repeatedly tested the water in the pipeline, and found that when the diameter of the percolating water outlet hole is small enough, the impurity flow rate is sufficiently low in the case where the water flow rate of the percolating water outlet hole is sufficiently low, but the impurity is slightly blocked in the water outlet hole, but is slightly Attached to the surface of the effluent hole, the shear force formed by the parallel flow of water in the pipe is easy to clean. By making full use of this feature, it is possible to make an irrigation percolation device that is not blocked and extremely water-saving. The entire irrigation system using this percolation device does not require any water treatment equipment. It can be completely cleaned automatically using only the water flow inside the irrigation pipe, and it will not block for a long time. Based on the above principles, the present invention firstly provides an irrigation head comprising a porous filter membrane and corresponding one or more flow restrictors, the flow restrictor comprising an inlet and an outlet, the porous membrane being One end of the inlet of the restrictor is formed with a filtering portion, and the restrictor includes one or more restricting holes, a maximum pore diameter of the restricting hole is larger than a maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, and the restrictor The total water permeability is less than the total water permeability of the porous membrane.

对应地，本发明还提出一种渗灌装置，该渗灌装置包括容水腔及其腔壁上设置的一个或一个以上的渗灌头，所述容水腔具有一个或一个以上的连接部，所述渗灌头包括多孔滤膜及对应的一个或一个以上的限流器，所述多孔滤膜在该容水腔内形成有过滤部，所述限流器包括设置于所述容水腔内部的进口和设置于所述容水腔外部的出口，所述限流器密合固定于对应的连接部处，且其进口与该过滤部相连通，所述限流器包括一个或一个以上的限流孔，所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径，且所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力，所述容水腔内的水只有先经过所述多孔滤膜过滤、再进入限流器后才能流出成为灌溉水。 Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a percolating device comprising a water receiving chamber and one or more irrigation heads disposed on the chamber wall, the water receiving chamber having one or more connecting portions The permeating head comprises a porous filter membrane and a corresponding one or more flow restrictors, wherein the porous filter membrane is formed with a filtering portion in the water-receiving chamber, and the restrictor comprises a water-retaining device An inlet inside the cavity and an outlet disposed outside the water receiving cavity, the restrictor is closely fixed to the corresponding connecting portion, and an inlet thereof is connected to the filtering portion, and the restrictor includes one or one The above restriction orifice, the maximum pore diameter of the restriction orifice is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, and the total water permeability of the restrictor is smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane, and the water permeability chamber The water can only flow out into the irrigation water after it has been filtered through the porous membrane and then enters the restrictor.

本发明提出一种渗灌方法，是在一容水腔的连接部处安装一渗灌头，渗灌头包括多孔滤膜及对应的一个或一个以上的限流器，所述限流器包括进口和出口，所述多孔滤膜在所述限流器的进口一端形成有过滤部，所述限流器包括一个或一个以上的限流孔，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力，进行灌溉时，是先由容水腔内的多孔滤膜对来水进行过滤，然后将过滤后的过滤水通过限流器流出。 The invention provides an infiltration method, which is to install a seepage head at a joint of a water receiving chamber, the seepage head comprises a porous filter membrane and a corresponding one or more flow restrictors, the flow restrictor comprising An inlet and an outlet, the porous membrane is formed with a filter at one end of the inlet of the restrictor, the restrictor comprising one or more restriction orifices, and the total water permeability of the restrictor is less than The total water permeability of the porous membrane is firstly filtered by a porous membrane in a water-receiving chamber, and then the filtered water is filtered out through a flow restrictor.

较佳地，所述渗灌头的多孔滤膜至少覆盖在该容水腔的对应连接部的部分内壁上，以在该多孔滤膜及其覆盖的内壁间形成所述过滤部。 Preferably, the porous filter membrane of the drenching head covers at least a portion of the inner wall of the corresponding connecting portion of the water receiving chamber to form the filtering portion between the porous filter membrane and the inner wall thereof.

较佳地，所述渗灌头的多孔滤膜呈袋状，且其袋口与所述限流器的进口边缘固定密合，该滤膜袋内部构成所述过滤部。 Preferably, the porous filter membrane of the drenching head is in the shape of a bag, and the mouth of the bag is fixedly fixed to the inlet edge of the restrictor, and the inside of the filter bag constitutes the filtering portion.

较佳地，所述容水腔为连接到水源的输水管，该输水管的管壁上设有所述连接部。较佳地，所述容水腔为储水容器，该储水容器具有注水口和插口。 Preferably, the water receiving chamber is a water pipe connected to a water source, and the connecting portion is provided on a pipe wall of the water pipe. Preferably, the water receiving chamber is a water storage container, and the water storage container has a water injection port and a socket.

较佳地，所述渗灌头为内插式结构，所述连接部为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，该限流器外壳呈倒锥形，较大一端为进口端，安装时是将其由所述容水腔的插口处从内向外插置固定。 Preferably, the permeating head is an insert structure, the connecting portion is a socket provided on the wall of the water receiving chamber, the restrictor shell has an inverted cone shape, and the larger end is an inlet end, and the mounting portion is It is inserted and fixed from the inside to the outside of the socket of the water receiving chamber.

较佳地，所述渗灌头为外插式结构，所述连接部为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，该限流器上部具有颈部，安装时是将该颈部卡合于所述容水腔的插口。 Preferably, the permeating head is an external plug-in structure, the connecting portion is a socket provided on the wall of the water-receiving chamber, and the upper portion of the restrictor has a neck portion, and the neck portion is fitted to the neck portion during installation. Talk about the socket of the water chamber.

较佳地，所述容水腔为输水管上连接的外接壳体，该外接壳体的内部与输水管内部连通，所述多孔滤膜覆盖在该外接壳体的内壁上，所述输水管内的水流动，其中部分水流入外接壳体，这些水只有先经过外接壳体内的多孔滤膜过滤、再进入限流器后才能流出成为灌溉水。 Preferably, the water receiving chamber is an outer casing connected to the water pipe, and the inside of the outer casing and the water pipe are Connected, the porous filter membrane covers the inner wall of the outer casing, the water in the water pipe flows, and part of the water flows into the outer casing, and the water is only filtered through the porous membrane inside the outer casing, and then After entering the restrictor, it can flow out into irrigation water.

较佳地，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 20微米。 Preferably, the porous membrane has a maximum pore size of less than 20 microns.

较佳地，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 10微米。 Preferably, the porous membrane has a maximum pore size of less than 10 microns.

较佳地，所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的五倍以上。 Preferably, the total water permeability of the porous membrane is more than five times the total water permeability of the corresponding one or more restrictors.

较佳地，所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的十倍以上。 Preferably, the total water permeability of the porous membrane is more than ten times the total water permeability of the corresponding one or more restrictors.

较佳地，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的五倍以上。 Preferably, the maximum pore size of the restricted orifice is more than five times the maximum pore size of the porous membrane.

较佳地，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的十倍以上。 Preferably, the maximum pore size of the restricted orifice is more than ten times the maximum pore size of the porous membrane.

较佳地，所述多孔滤膜与限流孔是由同种材料一体制成。 Preferably, the porous membrane and the restriction orifice are made of the same material.

较佳地，所述材料为多孔陶瓷。 Preferably, the material is a porous ceramic.

本发明还提出一种渗灌装置的制造方法，其包括以下步骤： The invention also proposes a method for manufacturing a percolating device, which comprises the following steps:

A.将一个或一个以上的限流器接合于一具有第一和第二纵向边缘的塑料片的连接部上，所述限流器具有一个或多个限流孔； A. joining one or more flow restrictors to a joint of a plastic sheet having first and second longitudinal edges, the flow restrictor having one or more flow restricting apertures;

B.将多孔滤膜至少覆盖在该塑料片的对应所述限流器的部分内壁上，以在该多孔滤膜及其覆盖的内壁间形成所述过滤部，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力； B. covering the porous filter membrane at least on a portion of the inner wall of the plastic sheet corresponding to the restrictor to form the filter portion between the porous filter membrane and the inner wall thereof, such that the maximum restriction orifice The pore size is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, and the total water permeability of the restrictor is smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane;

C, 将所述塑料片的第一、第二纵向边沿接合形成管状。 C, joining the first and second longitudinal edges of the plastic sheet to form a tubular shape.

本发明还提出另一种渗灌装置的制造方法，其包括以下步骤： The invention also proposes a method for manufacturing a percolating device, which comprises the following steps:

A1.成型包括一个或一个以上的限流孔的限流器； A1. Forming a flow restrictor comprising one or more restriction orifices;

Bl、提供多孔滤膜，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径；将所述多孔滤膜的边缘紧密接合在所述限流器进口的边缘，形成袋状，该滤膜袋内部形成过滤部，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力； Bl, providing a porous filter, such that the maximum pore diameter of the restricted orifice is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane; and the edge of the porous membrane is tightly joined to the edge of the inlet of the restrictor to form a bag shape, the filter Forming a filter portion inside the film bag, and making the total water permeability of the flow restrictor smaller than the total water permeability of the porous filter film;

Cl、将一个或一个以上的装设有袋状多孔滤膜的限流器接合于一具有第一和第二纵向边缘的塑料片上； Cl, one or more flow restrictors provided with a bag-shaped porous filter membrane are joined to a plastic sheet having first and second longitudinal edges;

DK 将所述塑料片的第一、第二纵向边沿接合形成管状。 The DK joins the first and second longitudinal edges of the plastic sheet to form a tubular shape.

本发明还提出第三种渗灌装置的制造方法，其包括以下步骤： The invention also proposes a third method for manufacturing a percolating device, which comprises the following steps:

A2.成型包括一个或一个以上的限流孔的限流器； B2、提供多孔滤膜，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径；将所述多孔滤膜的边缘紧密接合在一具有第一和第二纵向边缘的塑料片的开口处，形成袋状，该滤膜袋内部形成过滤部，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力； A2. Forming a flow restrictor comprising one or more restriction orifices; B2, providing a porous filter membrane such that a maximum pore diameter of the orifice is larger than a maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane; and closely bonding an edge of the porous membrane to an opening of a plastic sheet having first and second longitudinal edges Forming a bag shape, forming a filter portion inside the filter bag, and making the total water permeability of the restrictor smaller than the total water permeability of the porous filter;

C2、将一个或一个以上的限流器对应接合于该塑料片的开口处； C2, correspondingly one or more flow restrictors are joined to the opening of the plastic sheet;

D2、将所述塑料片的第一、第二纵向边沿接合形成管状。 D2, joining the first and second longitudinal edges of the plastic sheet to form a tubular shape.

较佳的，是采用热熔或胶粘的方法将所述第一、第二纵向边沿接合。 Preferably, the first and second longitudinal edges are joined by hot melt or gluing.

较佳的，是采用焊接或压接方法将所述多孔滤膜接合于该塑料片或限流器。 Preferably, the porous filter membrane is joined to the plastic sheet or flow restrictor by welding or crimping.

本发明是在多孔滤膜出水一方增加了一个或多个限流器，每个限流器中至少有一个限流孔，这些限流器的总出水量小于多孔滤膜的总出水量，所有多孔滤膜流出的水只有经过这些限流孔才能流出渗灌装置外。限流器中的限流孔的孔径大于多孔滤膜孔径，以保证通过多孔滤膜的水在经过限流孔时不会有堵塞。这些限流孔所起的作用是根据需要按一定比例降低透过多孔滤膜的水量，从而降低了多孔滤膜的透水流速，也就降低了水流中夹带的杂质冲击多孔滤膜的速度，使杂质极其轻微地附着在多孔滤膜孔上，能够轻易被水流冲走。 The invention adds one or more flow restrictors to the water outlet side of the porous filter membrane, and each of the flow restrictors has at least one restrictor orifice, and the total water output of the restrictor is smaller than the total water output of the porous membrane, The water flowing out of the porous membrane can only flow out of the permeation device through these restriction orifices. The orifice of the restrictor is larger than the pore size of the porous membrane to ensure that the water passing through the porous membrane does not become clogged when passing through the restriction orifice. The function of these restricting holes is to reduce the amount of water permeating through the porous membrane according to a certain ratio, thereby reducing the water permeability of the porous membrane, and thereby reducing the velocity of the entrained impurities in the water stream to impact the porous membrane. The impurities adhere extremely slightly to the pores of the porous membrane and can be easily washed away by the water stream.

本发明的渗灌装置生产时，是先将多孔滤膜和限流器直接与塑料片接合，再将塑料片的二纵向边沿接合（可用热熔或胶粘的方法），使塑料片 1形成管状。这就便于实现这种管状渗灌装置的连续化生产。附图说明 In the production of the percolating device of the present invention, the porous filter membrane and the restrictor are directly joined to the plastic sheet, and then the two longitudinal edges of the plastic sheet are joined (a method of hot melt or gluing can be used) to form the plastic sheet 1 Tubular. This facilitates the continuous production of such a tubular percolating device. DRAWINGS

在此包含附图以进一步了解本发明，并入并且构成本说明书的一部份，其说明本发明的较佳具体实施例并且在搭配详细说明之后可用来解释本发明原理。图式中：图 1为本发明的实施例 1的结构示意图； The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute in the 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图 2为本发明的实施例 1的剖面图； Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图 3为本发明的实施例 1所采用的限流器的剖面图； Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a flow restrictor used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图 4为本发明的实施例 2的结构示意图； Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

图 5为本发明的实施例 2的剖面图； Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention;

图 6为本发明的实施例 3的结构示意图； Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

图 7为本发明的实施例 4的结构示意图； Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

图 8为本发明的实施例 5的结构示意图；图 9为本发明的实施例 5的一安装方式示意图； Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic view showing an installation manner of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

图 10为本发明的实施例 5的另一安装方式示意图； Figure 10 is a schematic view showing another mounting manner of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

图 11为本发明的实施例 6的结构示意图。 Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

图 12为本发明的渗灌装置的制造方法的一实施例的示意图。 Figure 12 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a percolating apparatus of the present invention.

图 13为本发明的渗灌装置的制造方法的另一实施例的示意图。具体实施方式 Figure 13 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the method of manufacturing the percolating apparatus of the present invention. detailed description

从以下详细描述、附图和权利要求中将阐明或明了本发明的其它特征、优点和实施例。而且，应理解到上述的发明内容以及以下的详细描述仅是示例性的，其旨在提供进一步的说明，而不是限制所要求保护的本发明的范围。 Other features, advantages, and embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the <RTIgt; Rather, the invention is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive.

发明人经过大量试验发现，管道中水流能否冲刷开堵在出水孔道上的杂质颗粒取决于杂质在出水孔道上的附着力。同时，杂质在出水孔上的附着力直接受到杂质粒径以及杂质被径向水流带到出水孔时卡在出水孔上的 "撞击速度"的影响，即杂质卡在出水孔时的 "撞击速度"速度越快，其卡入出水孔道内的位置越深，附着力就越大，轴向平行水流不易冲开；反之，杂质卡入出水孔道内的位置浅，附着力小，横向水流就容易冲开。由于杂质粒径的大小就决定了本身在水中沉降的 "撞击速度"，下面以泥沙颗粒为例说明颗粒粒径与沉降速度的关系:颗粒直径为 1毫米的粗沙在水中每秒可下降 1米，直径 0. 1毫米的细沙每秒下降 8毫米，直径 10微米的细土每秒下降 0. 154毫米，而直径 1微米的细黏土每秒下降 0. 00154毫米。粘土颗粒的比重和粗泥砂的比重相同，之所以产生沉降速度的巨大差异是由于布朗运动的结果，水中杂质的粒径越小布朗运动越强烈。因此，受布朗运动的影响，越微小的杂质在出水孔上的附着能力也越低，即使是很轻微的水体振荡也能令其产生较大位移，很容易被管道中的水流清理掉。 The inventors have found through extensive experiments that whether the water flow in the pipeline can flush the foreign particles plugged in the water outlet channel depends on the adhesion of the impurities on the water outlet channel. At the same time, the adhesion of impurities on the water outlet hole is directly affected by the particle size of the impurity and the "impact speed" of the impurity stuck on the water outlet hole when the radial water flow is brought to the water outlet hole, that is, the "impact speed when the impurity is stuck in the water outlet hole. "The faster the speed, the deeper the position of the card into the water outlet, the greater the adhesion, the parallel parallel flow is not easy to open; on the contrary, the position of the impurities stuck in the outlet channel is shallow, the adhesion is small, and the horizontal flow is easy. Rush open. The size of the impurity determines the "impact velocity" of sedimentation in water. The following is an example of the relationship between the particle size and the sedimentation velocity: the coarse sand with a diameter of 1 mm can be reduced per second in water. 1 00154毫米。 The fine sand of the diameter of 0. 1 mm is reduced by 8 mm per second, the fine soil of 10 μm in diameter is decreased by 0. 154 mm per second, and the fine clay of 1 μm in diameter is decreased by 0.0000 mm per second. The specific gravity of the clay particles is the same as the specific gravity of the coarse sand. Therefore, the large difference in the sedimentation velocity is due to the Brownian motion. The smaller the particle size of the impurities in the water, the stronger the Brownian motion. Therefore, under the influence of Brownian motion, the smaller the impurity, the lower the adhesion ability of the impurities on the water outlet hole. Even a slight water body oscillation can cause a large displacement, which is easily removed by the water flow in the pipeline.

另一方面，对于多孔滤膜，即便微小杂质颗粒受布朗运动的影响不宜使其堵塞，但当水透过孔隙具有较高的出水流速时，水流夹带的微小颗粒速度也会随之加快，多孔滤膜的孔隙被堵塞的可能性就会大幅增加。 On the other hand, for porous membranes, even if small impurity particles are not affected by Brownian motion, they should not be blocked. However, when water passes through the pores and has a high water flow rate, the velocity of tiny particles entrained in the water flow will also increase. The possibility that the pores of the membrane are blocked is greatly increased.

基于上述影响因素，本发明提出一种渗灌方法，从透水孔径和渗水速度两个方面进行控制，该方法是将限流器内部的限流孔的最大径限定为大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径（最大孔径的测定方法可参照中国国家标准 GB/T 1967-1996 )，且将限流器的总渗水能力设计为小于多孔滤膜的总渗水能力，由此，先由容水腔内的多孔滤膜对来水进行过滤，然后将过滤后的过滤水通过限流器流出，不仅不会堵塞限流器，而且也不会堵塞多孔滤膜。下面再详细说明： Based on the above influencing factors, the present invention proposes an infiltration method, which is controlled from two aspects: a water permeable aperture and a water permeability speed, wherein the maximum diameter of the restriction orifice inside the restrictor is limited to be larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane. (The method for determining the maximum pore diameter can refer to the Chinese national standard GB/T 1967-1996), and the total water seepage capacity of the restrictor is designed to be smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane, thereby firstly being porous by the water-receiving chamber. The filter filters the incoming water, and then the filtered filtered water flows out through the restrictor, which not only blocks the restrictor but also blocks the porous membrane. More details below:

为了尽量降低水透过多孔滤膜孔隙的流速，减轻微小杂质在多孔滤膜孔隙上的 "撞击速度" ，本发明在多孔滤膜 2出水一方设置了一个或多个限流器 3，每个限流器 3中至少有一个限流孔，这些限流器 3的总出水量小于多孔滤膜的总出水量，即各限流器 3 的总渗水能力小于对应的多孔滤膜的总渗水能力，所有多孔滤膜过滤过的水只有经过这些限流孔才能流出渗灌装置外。 In order to minimize the flow rate of water through the pores of the porous membrane and to reduce the "impact velocity" of the minute impurities on the pores of the porous membrane, the present invention provides one or more flow restrictors 3 on the water outlet side of the porous membrane 2, each The restrictor 3 has at least one restricting orifice, and the total water output of the restrictor 3 is smaller than the total water output of the porous membrane, that is, the total water permeability of each restrictor 3 is smaller than the total water permeability of the corresponding porous membrane. All the filtered membrane water can only flow out of the permeation device through these restricted orifices.

在本发明中最大孔径的可定义为：当多孔物质被液体湿润以后，气体从一端通过且另一端能冒出的第一个气泡时需要的压强值所对应的孔径即为最大孔径。本发明中各孔径的定义可参照现有多孔物质孔径的测定方法来获得，此处不再赘述。 In the present invention, the maximum pore diameter can be defined as: When the porous substance is wetted by the liquid, the pore diameter corresponding to the pressure value required for the gas to pass from the one end and the first bubble which can be ejected at the other end is the maximum pore diameter. The definition of each pore diameter in the present invention can be obtained by referring to the measurement method of the pore size of the existing porous material, and will not be described herein.

如前所述，限流器 3中的限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜 2的最大孔径，以保证通过多孔滤膜 2过滤后的水在经过限流孔时不会有堵塞。这些限流孔所起的作用是根据需要按一定比例降低透过多孔滤膜的水量，从而降低了多孔滤膜的透水流速，也就降低了水流中夹带的杂质冲击多孔滤膜的速度，使杂质极其轻微地附着在多孔滤膜的孔隙上，能够轻易被水流冲走。使用这种渗灌装置能够适应较大范围的供水压强，可以通过选择适当孔径和数量的限流孔将一定供水压强下多孔滤膜的出水流量控制住，使该流量在其通过的一定面积的多孔滤膜上的具有足够低的透过流速，以保证能够在较低流速的水流冲刷下多孔滤膜表面不被堵塞。 As described above, the maximum pore diameter of the restriction orifice in the restrictor 3 is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane 2 to ensure that the water filtered through the porous membrane 2 is not clogged when passing through the restriction orifice. The function of these restricting holes is to reduce the amount of water permeating through the porous membrane according to a certain ratio, thereby reducing the water permeability of the porous membrane, and thereby reducing the velocity of the entrained impurities in the water stream to impact the porous membrane. The impurities adhere extremely slightly to the pores of the porous membrane and can be easily washed away by the water stream. The use of such a percolating device can adapt to a large range of water supply pressure, and the flow rate of the porous membrane under a certain water supply pressure can be controlled by selecting a proper orifice and a number of orifices, so that the flow rate is within a certain area of the passage. The porous filter membrane has a sufficiently low transmission flow rate to ensure that the surface of the porous membrane is not clogged at a lower flow rate of water.

较佳地，本发明选择最大孔径 20微米（更佳为 10微米）以下的多孔滤膜作为渗灌的出水通道，以用来拣选具有较强布朗运动特性的杂质颗粒与多孔滤膜孔隙配合。这样配合的结果是：能够堵塞多孔滤膜孔隙的杂质颗粒反而不易附着在多孔滤膜孔隙上，可以被流经多孔滤膜表面的水流冲刷走。更小的杂质粒径则远远小于多孔滤膜的孔隙，很容易穿过这些孔隙不会造成堵塞；较大的杂质由于不会卡在膜孔内，附着力大为降低，也容易被水流冲走；更大颗粒杂质之间有大量孔隙，即使停留在多孔滤膜表面也不会堵塞多孔滤膜的孔隙。 Preferably, the present invention selects a porous membrane having a maximum pore size of 20 μm or less (more preferably 10 μm) as a percolating outlet passage for sorting the impurity particles having strong Brownian motion characteristics to match the pores of the porous membrane. As a result of this combination, the impurity particles capable of blocking the pores of the porous membrane are not easily attached to the pores of the porous membrane and can be washed away by the water flowing through the surface of the porous membrane. The smaller impurity particle size is much smaller than the pore size of the porous membrane, and it is easy to pass through these pores without causing clogging; the larger impurities do not get stuck in the pores of the membrane, the adhesion is greatly reduced, and the water is easily flown. Washed away; there are a large number of pores between the larger particulate impurities, even if they stay on the surface of the porous membrane, they will not block the pores of the porous membrane.

本发明通过确定多孔滤膜孔径，筛选出具有较强布朗运动特性的杂质为可能堵塞物，同时利用限流器限制透过多孔滤膜的出水流速以达到降低堵塞物的 "撞击速度"的目的，受布朗运动的影响，堵塞物只能悬浮在多孔滤膜表面，可以很容易的被多孔滤膜表面的水流带走，多孔滤膜几乎不会被任何颗粒堵塞。同时，限流器 3的孔径大于多孔滤膜 2的孔径，限流器 3也不会被堵塞。因此，本发明的渗灌装置也极难被堵塞，使用本渗灌装置的整个灌溉***的使用寿命也大幅度延长。此外，本发明还可在安装有大量渗灌头的输水管管道的一端设置开关或微型水泵，根据需要打开开关放出一些水或用微型水泵另一端泵水，整个管道中的水就会流动，这种流动就会对多孔滤膜进行很有效的冲刷，使停留在其上的杂质产生位移，无法堵塞多孔滤膜的孔隙，保证整个灌溉***长久稳定运行。或者，在该输水管道呈环形（圆形、椭圆、矩形）等结构时，也可以在管道上安装微型水泵，定时让管道中的水运动，从而不断清理多孔滤膜上的杂质，保证滤膜通畅，滤膜不堵塞，限流器也不会堵塞，整个灌溉***就会长久稳定运行。 By determining the pore size of the porous membrane, the impurity having strong Brownian motion characteristics is selected as a possible blockage, and the flow rate of the water flowing through the porous membrane is restricted by the flow restrictor to reduce the "impact speed" of the plug. Under the influence of Brownian motion, the blockage can only be suspended on the surface of the porous membrane, which can be easily carried away by the water flow on the surface of the porous membrane. The porous membrane is hardly blocked by any particles. At the same time, the orifice of the restrictor 3 is larger than the diameter of the porous membrane 2, and the restrictor 3 is not blocked. Therefore, the percolating device of the present invention is also extremely difficult to be blocked, and the service life of the entire irrigation system using the percolating device is also greatly extended. In addition, the present invention can also be provided with a switch or a micro water pump at one end of a water pipe pipe in which a large number of drip irrigation heads are installed, and if necessary, the switch is opened to discharge some water or the other end of the micro water pump is used to pump water, and the water in the entire pipe flows. This flow will effectively wash the porous membrane, causing the impurities remaining on it to be displaced, unable to block the pores of the porous membrane, and ensuring long-term stable operation of the entire irrigation system. Alternatively, when the water delivery pipe has a ring shape (circular, elliptical, rectangular) or the like, a micro water pump may be installed on the pipe to periodically move the water in the pipe, thereby continuously cleaning impurities on the porous filter membrane to ensure filtration. The membrane is unobstructed, the membrane is not blocked, the restrictor is not blocked, and the entire irrigation system will run stably for a long time.

对应于上述渗灌方法，本发明还提出一种渗灌头和渗灌装置，该渗灌头包括多孔滤膜 2及对应的一个或一个以上的限流器 3，限流器 3包括进口和出口，所述多孔滤膜 2 在限流器 3的进口一端形成有过滤部 20，限流器 3包括一个或一个以上的限流孔，限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径，且所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力。 Corresponding to the above percolating method, the present invention also provides an irrigation head and a percolating device, the permeating head comprising a porous membrane 2 and a corresponding one or more restrictors 3, the restrictor 3 comprising an inlet and At the outlet, the porous filter membrane 2 is formed with a filter portion 20 at one end of the inlet of the restrictor 3, and the restrictor 3 includes one or more restriction orifices, and the maximum pore diameter of the restriction orifice is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane. And the total water permeability of the restrictor is smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane.

在实际实施时，也可考虑采用限流孔的平均孔径或最小孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径的方式，由此更利于防止限流器被堵塞（平均孔径和最小孔径的测定方法可参照中国国家标准 GB/T 1967-1996 ) 。 In actual implementation, it is also considered to adopt the method that the average pore diameter or the minimum pore diameter of the restriction orifice is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, thereby facilitating the prevention of the restriction of the flow restrictor (the method for determining the average pore size and the minimum pore diameter can be referred to China). National Standard GB/T 1967-1996).

较佳地，本发明的限流孔 3的最大孔径选择为多孔滤膜 2最大孔径的 5倍以上，或更佳地，该限流孔 3的最大孔径选择为多孔滤膜 2最大孔径的 10倍以上。限流孔与多孔滤膜的孔径的限定关系解决了限流孔易被堵塞的问题。 Preferably, the maximum pore diameter of the restriction orifice 3 of the present invention is selected to be more than 5 times the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane 2, or more preferably, the maximum pore diameter of the restriction orifice 3 is selected to be 10 of the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane 2. More than double. The limited relationship between the orifice and the pore size of the porous membrane solves the problem that the restriction orifice is easily blocked.

下面参照附图来详细描述本发明的渗灌头和渗灌装置的具体实施例，进一步说明其实现渗灌的方法以及其制造方法。需要说明的是，所有附图只是示意性的，并不是按比例绘制的。在附图中，相同的附图标记用于描述相同或类似的部件等。实施例 1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the drip irrigation head and the drip irrigation apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and a method for achieving the percolation and a method of manufacturing the same will be further described. It should be noted that all the drawings are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to describe the same or similar components and the like. Example 1

如图 1至图 3所示，为本发明的实施例 1的渗灌头和对应的渗灌装置的结构示意图。如图所示，本实施例的渗灌头包括多孔滤膜 2及对应的二限流器 3，限流器 3包括进口和出口，多孔滤膜 2在所述限流器的进口一端形成有过滤部 20，如本领域的技术人员所知，该限流器内可设有起毛细作用的多孔介质或毛细管束，以形成多个限流孔（如图 3 所示），限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜 2的最大孔径，且限流器 3的总渗水能力小于多孔滤膜 2的总渗水能力，即这些限流器 3的总出水量小于多孔滤膜 2的总出水量。 1 to 3, a schematic view showing the structure of a permeating head and a corresponding percolating device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown, the permeating head of the present embodiment includes a porous membrane 2 and a corresponding two restrictor 3, the restrictor 3 includes an inlet and an outlet, and the porous membrane 2 is formed at one end of the inlet of the restrictor. The filter portion 20, as known to those skilled in the art, may be provided with a capillary medium or capillary bundle for capillary action to form a plurality of restriction orifices (as shown in FIG. 3), the restriction orifices The maximum pore diameter is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane 2, and the total water permeability of the restrictor 3 is smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane 2, that is, the total water output of these restrictors 3 is smaller than the total water output of the porous membrane 2.

如图 1所示，限流器 3由一个或若干限流孔组成，限流器 3可以直接开在多孔滤膜 2覆盖范围内的管壁上，也可以通过适当延长限流器而将限流孔延伸至渗灌装置外。如图所示，本实施例的渗水装置包括输水管 1及其管壁上的渗灌头，渗灌头的多孔滤膜 2覆盖在输水管 1对应限流器 3的部分内壁上，以形成相对隔离的过滤部 20，输水管 1的管壁的连接部上设有限流器 3，以使输水管 1内外连通。 As shown in Fig. 1, the restrictor 3 is composed of one or several restricting holes, and the restrictor 3 can be directly opened on the porous membrane. 2 On the pipe wall in the coverage area, the restriction hole can also be extended outside the permeation device by appropriately extending the restrictor. As shown in the figure, the water seepage device of the present embodiment includes a water supply pipe 1 and a seepage head on the pipe wall, and the porous filter membrane 2 of the seepage head covers the inner wall of the water pipe 1 corresponding to the restrictor 3 to form The restricting filter portion 20 is provided with a restrictor 3 at a connecting portion of the pipe wall of the water pipe 1 to connect the inside and the outside of the water pipe 1 .

本实施例中，多孔滤膜 2设置于输水管 1内壁的完整圆周上，且其两端边沿部分与输水管内壁密合不漏水，水只有通过多孔滤膜 2和限流器 3后才能流出渗灌装置外，成为灌溉水。多孔滤膜可以通过焊接或压接的方式直接设置在输水管 1的内壁上，水流从多孔滤膜 2上流过，冲刷效果最好。 In this embodiment, the porous membrane 2 is disposed on the entire circumference of the inner wall of the water pipe 1, and the two end edges thereof are tightly sealed with the inner wall of the water pipe without water leakage, and the water can only pass through the porous membrane 2 and the restrictor 3 Out of the infiltration device, it becomes irrigation water. The porous filter membrane can be directly disposed on the inner wall of the water pipe 1 by welding or crimping, and the water flow flows through the porous membrane 2, and the flushing effect is best.

对应一多孔滤膜可设置多个限流器，以将灌溉水分配流向不同方向。限流孔的孔径大于多孔滤膜的孔径，以保证限流孔不会被堵塞。在相同压力、相同时间条件下，分别测量多孔滤膜 2及其覆盖范围内的限流器 3出水量，限流器 3的总渗水量应小于该多孔滤膜 2的总渗水量，即各限流器 3的总渗水能力小于对应的多孔滤膜的总渗水能力，这样限流器 3就起到了限制多孔滤膜 2渗水速度的作用，也就减轻了水中杂质对多孔滤膜 2的 "撞击速度" ，多孔滤膜 2表面的杂质更容易被水流清洗，从而大幅度延长多孔滤膜的使用寿命。 A plurality of flow restrictors may be provided corresponding to a porous membrane to distribute irrigation water to different directions. The orifice diameter is larger than the pore size of the porous membrane to ensure that the orifice is not blocked. Under the same pressure and the same time condition, the water output of the porous membrane 2 and the flow restrictor 3 in the coverage thereof are respectively measured, and the total water permeability of the restrictor 3 should be smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane 2, that is, each The total water permeability of the restrictor 3 is smaller than the total water permeability of the corresponding porous membrane, so that the restrictor 3 functions to limit the water permeability of the porous membrane 2, thereby reducing the impurity of the water to the porous membrane 2" The impact velocity", the impurities on the surface of the porous membrane 2 are more easily washed by the water flow, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the porous membrane.

而且，限流器 3的渗水能力与多孔滤膜 2的渗水能力的差异越大，多孔滤膜 2的渗水速度就越缓慢，其所承受的杂质"撞击速度"就越小，多孔滤膜 2的使用寿命就越长。因此，为了制造寿命超长的渗灌装置，在确定了多孔滤膜孔径后，就应该做以下两个方面的工作：一方面，在满足植物需水的前提下，尽量减少限流器 3的出水流量，方法为减小限流孔的数量或孔径（但不能小于多孔滤膜孔径）；另一方面，尽量加大多孔滤膜的渗水能力，可通过增加渗水面积来实现。这样就可制成使用任何水体都能够长久工作的渗灌装置。 Moreover, the greater the difference between the water permeability of the restrictor 3 and the water permeability of the porous membrane 2, the slower the water permeability of the porous membrane 2, and the smaller the impact velocity of the porous membrane 2, the porous membrane 2 The longer the service life. Therefore, in order to manufacture a percolating device with an extremely long life, after determining the pore size of the porous membrane, the following two aspects should be done: On the one hand, the flow restrictor 3 is minimized while satisfying the water requirement of the plant. The effluent flow rate is determined by reducing the number or pore size of the restriction orifice (but not less than the pore size of the porous membrane); on the other hand, increasing the water permeability of the porous membrane as much as possible can be achieved by increasing the water seepage area. This makes it possible to make a percolating device that can work for a long time using any water body.

由于在这种渗灌装置的生产时，在狭小的细管内不便于安装多孔滤膜和限流器，以现有生产方法实现时存在诸多不便之处，因此，本发明还同时提出一种前述渗灌装置的制造方法，其包括以下步骤： Since it is inconvenient to install the porous filter membrane and the flow restrictor in the narrow capillary tube during the production of the percolating device, there are many inconveniences in the implementation of the existing production method, and therefore, the present invention also proposes the aforementioned A method of manufacturing a drip irrigation device, comprising the steps of:

A.将一个或一个以上的限流器焊接或压接接合于一具有第一和第二纵向边缘的塑料片的连接部上，所述限流器具有一个或多个限流孔； A. welding or crimping one or more flow restrictors to a joint of a plastic sheet having first and second longitudinal edges, the flow restrictor having one or more flow restricting apertures;

B. 采用热熔或胶粘的方法将多孔滤膜至少覆盖在该塑料片的对应所述限流器的部分内壁上，以在该多孔滤膜及其覆盖的内壁间形成所述过滤部，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力； B. using a hot melt or gluing method to cover at least a portion of the inner wall of the plastic sheet corresponding to the restrictor to form the filter portion between the porous filter and the inner wall thereof. Making the maximum pore diameter of the restrictor orifice larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, and making the total water permeability of the restrictor smaller than the total of the porous membrane Water seepage capacity;

c, 将所述塑料片的第一、第二纵向边沿接合形成管状。 c. joining the first and second longitudinal edges of the plastic sheet to form a tubular shape.

上述步骤中，步骤 A和 B的顺序可以调换，本案不加限制。而且，步骤 A中，该限流器即可为单独的产品，而且也可以直接以多孔介质或毛细管成型在该塑料片的开孔处而形成，此处不加限定。 In the above steps, the order of steps A and B can be reversed, and the case is not limited. Moreover, in the step A, the restrictor can be a separate product, and can also be formed directly in the opening of the plastic sheet by a porous medium or a capillary tube, which is not limited herein.

如图 12所示，本实施例在生产时可先将多孔滤膜和限流器直接与塑料片 1接合，然后将塑料片第一纵向边沿 13和第二纵向边缘 15接合（可用热熔或胶粘的方法）后，使塑料片 1形成图 4和图 9的管状即可。这就便于实现这种管状渗灌装置的连续化生产。实施例 2 As shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the porous filter membrane and the flow restrictor can be directly joined to the plastic sheet 1 during production, and then the first longitudinal edge 13 and the second longitudinal edge 15 of the plastic sheet are joined (a hot melt can be used or After the method of gluing), the plastic sheet 1 is formed into the tubular shape of Figs. 4 and 9. This facilitates the continuous production of such a tubular percolating device. Example 2

如图 4、图 5所示，其为本发明的实施例 2的结构示意图。本实施例的结构与实施例 1大致相同，其不同点在于多孔滤膜的设置方式。本实施例中，在保证多孔滤膜 2的总渗水能力大于限流器的总渗水能力的前提下，该多孔滤膜 2仅设置于输水管 1内壁的部分圆周上，即仅覆盖了对应该限流器 3的一段输水管 1的一部分内周壁，且该多孔滤膜 3四周边沿部分与输水管内壁密合不漏水，从而在该多孔滤膜 2和被覆盖的输水管内壁间形成相对隔离的过滤部 20，水只有通过该多孔滤膜 2进入过滤部 20并经限流器后流出，才能成为灌溉水，输水管中的水流从多孔滤膜表面上流过时起到清理杂质的作用。 As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The structure of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in the arrangement of the porous filter. In this embodiment, under the premise that the total water permeability of the porous membrane 2 is greater than the total water permeability of the restrictor, the porous membrane 2 is only disposed on a part of the circumference of the inner wall of the water pipe 1, that is, only covered correspondingly a part of the inner peripheral wall of the water pipe 1 of the restrictor 3, and the peripheral portion of the porous membrane 3 is closely adhered to the inner wall of the water pipe without water leakage, thereby forming a gap between the porous membrane 2 and the inner wall of the covered water pipe In the relatively isolated filter portion 20, water can only enter the filter portion 20 through the porous filter membrane 2 and flow out through the restrictor to become irrigation water, and the water flow in the water conduit flows through the porous filter membrane to clean impurities. .

本实施例中，该多孔滤膜 2的孔径小于 20微米，限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的五倍以上，多孔滤膜 2的总渗水能力为对应的限流器 3的总渗水能力的五倍以上。 In this embodiment, the pore size of the porous membrane 2 is less than 20 micrometers, the maximum pore diameter of the orifice is more than five times the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, and the total water permeability of the porous membrane 2 is the corresponding restrictor 3 More than five times the total water seepage capacity.

本实施例的该渗灌装置的制造方法与第一实施例类似，此处不再赘述。实施例 3 The manufacturing method of the permeating device of this embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again. Example 3

如图 6所示，其为本发明的实施例 3的结构示意图。其中，该渗灌头的结构可与实施例 1、 2相同，其主要区别在于该渗灌头的设置方式：图 6中该输水管 1的管壁还向外凸设有中空的外接壳体 12，该多孔滤膜 2设置在该外接壳体 12内，从而在该多孔滤膜 2和被覆盖的外接壳体 12内壁间形成相对隔离的过滤部 20，外接壳体 12的出水端接有限流器 3。外接壳体 12与输水管 1相连通，输水管 1中的部分水流进入外接壳体 12 后通过多孔滤膜 2过滤后再进入过滤部 20，并经限流器 3后流出，成为灌溉水。输水管 1中的水的流动对多孔滤膜 2上的做布朗运动的杂质具有清理作用。本实施例中，该多孔滤膜 2的孔径小于 20微米，且限流孔的最大孔径为多孔滤膜 2 最大孔径的十倍以上，而多孔滤膜 2的总渗水能力为对应的限流器的总渗水能力的十倍以上。 As shown in FIG. 6, it is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Wherein, the structure of the irrigation head can be the same as that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and the main difference lies in the arrangement of the irrigation head: in FIG. 6, the pipe wall of the water pipe 1 is also convexly provided with a hollow outer casing. 12, the porous filter membrane 2 is disposed in the outer casing 12, thereby forming a relatively isolated filter portion 20 between the porous filter membrane 2 and the inner wall of the covered outer casing 12, and the outlet end of the outer casing 12 is limited. Streamer 3. The outer casing 12 communicates with the water pipe 1, and a part of the water in the water pipe 1 enters the outer casing 12, is filtered through the porous membrane 2, and then enters the filter unit 20, and flows out through the restrictor 3 to become irrigation water. The flow of water in the water pipe 1 has a cleaning effect on the Brownian-moving impurities on the porous membrane 2. In this embodiment, the pore size of the porous membrane 2 is less than 20 micrometers, and the maximum pore diameter of the orifice is more than ten times the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane 2, and the total water permeability of the porous membrane 2 is a corresponding restrictor. More than ten times the total water seepage capacity.

本实施例可将多孔滤膜、限流器和外接壳体做成组件，输水管与外接壳体内部连通，输水管中的部分水流进入外接壳体，经过多孔滤膜和限流器流出，如此可达到便于拆装的目的。经试验发现，由于做布朗运动的杂质难以沉淀附着，即使是非常微弱的水体动荡也会对其产生影响。因此外接壳体中的多孔滤膜虽然距输水管中流动的水还有一定距离，不能被输水管中的水流直接冲刷，但输水管中的水流产生的流动和震荡会传导至外接壳体内部，对多孔滤膜表面产生搅扰，即使这种搅扰非常轻微，也能达到清理多孔滤膜表面杂质目的。另外也可以加快输水管的水流速度，达到更好的冲刷目的。多孔滤膜寿命因此大为延长，限流器不会堵塞，这种渗灌装置的使用寿命也非常持久。 In this embodiment, the porous filter membrane, the restrictor and the outer casing can be made into a component, and the water pipe is connected with the inside of the outer casing, and part of the water flow in the water pipe enters the outer casing, and flows out through the porous filter membrane and the restrictor. This can achieve the purpose of easy disassembly. It has been found through experiments that it is difficult to precipitate due to impurities in Brownian motion, and even very weak water turbulence will affect it. Therefore, although the porous membrane in the outer casing is still at a certain distance from the water flowing in the water pipe, it cannot be directly washed by the water flow in the water pipe, but the flow and oscillation generated by the water flow in the water pipe are transmitted to the inside of the outer casing. , the interference on the surface of the porous membrane, even if the disturbance is very slight, can achieve the purpose of cleaning the surface of the porous membrane. In addition, it can also speed up the water flow rate of the water pipe to achieve better flushing purposes. The life of the porous membrane is greatly prolonged, the restrictor is not blocked, and the service life of the perfusion device is very long.

本实施例的该渗灌装置的制造方法可参照第一实施例，此处不再赘述。实施例 4 For the manufacturing method of the permeating device of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again. Example 4

如图 7所示，其为本发明的实施例 4的结构示意图。其中，该渗灌头的结构与前述实施例不同：前述实施例 1〜4中，该渗灌头的多孔滤膜部分与该限流器为分体设置，而且，可以由不同的材料制成，例如该多孔滤膜由尼龙膜制成，所述限流器由亲水纤维制成；而本实施例中，该渗灌头的多孔滤膜与限流器是由同种材料（如多孔陶瓷）一体形成，即该限流器 3的上部为面积较大的多孔滤膜 32，从而使得该多孔滤膜 32本身即形成相对管道隔离的过滤部，该多孔滤膜 32底端一体突出形成限流器 31，且该多孔滤膜的厚度、面积可以根据过滤需要而设置。 As shown in Fig. 7, it is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Wherein, the structure of the drenching head is different from the previous embodiment: In the foregoing embodiments 1 to 4, the porous filter portion of the drenching head is disposed separately from the restrictor, and may be made of different materials. For example, the porous filter membrane is made of a nylon membrane, and the restrictor is made of hydrophilic fibers; and in the embodiment, the porous membrane of the perfusion head and the flow restrictor are made of the same material (such as porous The ceramics are integrally formed, that is, the upper portion of the restrictor 3 is a porous filter membrane 32 having a large area, so that the porous filter membrane 32 itself forms a filter portion that is isolated from the pipe, and the bottom end of the porous filter membrane 32 is integrally formed. The restrictor 31, and the thickness and area of the porous filter membrane can be set according to the filtration requirements.

这种渗灌头在外部的出水面积小，里部的体积大得多，其上的表面积也大得多，外部的出水口实际起到限制水流的作用，里部较大的表面积上的透水速度就非常缓慢，杂质的"撞击速度"就相应地更加缓慢，非常有利于杂质的清理。这种材料一体的渗灌头，更便于制作和安装，成本也就更低。 The permeating head has a small outer effluent area, a much larger volume in the inner part, and a much larger surface area. The external water outlet actually acts to restrict the flow of water, and the permeable surface on the larger surface area. The speed is very slow, and the "impact speed" of the impurities is correspondingly slower, which is very beneficial for the cleaning of impurities. This material-integrated irrigation head is easier to manufacture and install, and costs less.

本实施例中，该输水管 1上可预先设好插口 11，限流器 3的出水端可通过该插口 11由内腔向外插出并固定密封。作为另外的可选择方式，其也可利用外壳螺接于输水管 1上。 In this embodiment, the water supply pipe 1 can be pre-arranged with a socket 11, and the water outlet end of the restrictor 3 can be inserted out from the inner cavity through the socket 11 and fixedly sealed. Alternatively, it may be screwed to the water pipe 1 by means of a casing.

本实施例的该渗灌装置的制造方法比第一实施例更为简单，只需先成型由同种材料 (如多孔陶瓷）一体形成的该渗灌头，然后将该渗灌头接合于塑料片即可，其它部分请参照第一实施例所述。实施例 5 The manufacturing method of the permeating device of the present embodiment is simpler than that of the first embodiment, and it is only necessary to first form the permeating head integrally formed of the same material (such as porous ceramic), and then join the permeating head to the plastic. The film can be, other parts please Refer to the first embodiment. Example 5

如图 8所示，其为本发明的实施例 5的结构示意图。其中，该渗灌头包括袋状多孔滤膜 2 ' 和与其密合的限流器 3，该渗灌头装设于管道 1的管壁上，从而使得由该多孔滤膜 2 ' 形成的滤膜袋内部构成相对隔离的过滤部 20，水只有经过袋状多孔滤膜 2 ' 进入袋内（过滤部 20 )，并经过限流器 3才能流出渗灌装置外，成为灌溉水。本实施例中，多孔滤膜 2 ' 的孔径也小于限流器 3，限流器 3不会被堵塞；而且限流器的总渗水能力同样小于多孔滤膜的总渗水能力。 As shown in Fig. 8, it is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Wherein, the permeating head comprises a bag-shaped porous membrane 2' and a restrictor 3 which is closely fitted thereto, and the perfusion head is installed on the wall of the pipe 1, so that the filter formed by the porous membrane 2' The inside of the membrane bag constitutes a relatively isolated filter portion 20, and the water enters the bag (filter portion 20) only through the bag-shaped porous membrane 2', and passes through the restrictor 3 to flow out of the permeation device to become irrigation water. In this embodiment, the pore size of the porous membrane 2' is also smaller than that of the restrictor 3, and the restrictor 3 is not blocked; and the total water permeability of the restrictor is also smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane.

本实施例的渗灌头可采用多种方式固定安装在管道壁上，如图 9所示，其为一种内插式结构，容水腔的连接部具体实施为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，其中该限流器外壳呈倒锥形，首先滤膜袋的袋口固定密合在限流器的进口边缘处，然后将带有滤膜袋的限流器由内向外插接固定并密封在管道壁的插口处，这种方式安装简便；再如图 10所示，其为一种外插式结构，容水腔的连接部同样实施为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，该限流器的上部具有一颈部，安装时先将滤膜袋的袋口固定密合于管壁的插口处，然后将限流器从管道外***该开口，将限流器的颈部卡固于该开口，密封即可。较佳地，该输水管的插口是由具有良好弹性的材料（如橡胶）制成，以便于安装，且能保证密封效果。 The permeating head of the embodiment can be fixedly mounted on the pipe wall in various ways, as shown in FIG. 9 , which is an interpolating structure, and the connecting portion of the water receiving cavity is specifically configured to be disposed on the wall of the water receiving cavity. The socket, wherein the restrictor shell has a reverse taper shape, firstly, the bag mouth of the filter bag is fixedly fitted to the inlet edge of the restrictor, and then the restrictor with the filter bag is inserted and fixed from the inside to the outside. And sealing at the socket of the pipe wall, the installation is simple; further, as shown in FIG. 10, it is an external insertion structure, and the connection portion of the water-receiving cavity is also implemented as a socket provided on the wall of the water-receiving cavity. The upper part of the restrictor has a neck. When installing, the bag mouth of the filter bag is fixedly fixed to the socket of the pipe wall, and then the restrictor is inserted into the opening from the outside of the pipe, and the neck of the restrictor is inserted. The card is fastened to the opening and sealed. Preferably, the socket of the water pipe is made of a material having good elasticity (e.g., rubber) to facilitate installation and to ensure a sealing effect.

本实施例采用袋状多孔滤膜，其更不易被堵塞，原因如下：首先，如图 8所示，滤膜袋有 A、 B两个面，袋状多孔滤膜 2 ' 可以在狭小的空间内成倍增加滤膜的面积，减轻杂质的附着力，延长滤膜寿命；第二，管道内只要有水流运动就会在滤膜袋的一部分区域产生压力，如图 8，水流对 A端产出压力，这种压力会传到的滤膜袋内部的水体 g上，并在滤膜袋内部向外产生水压力，部分水会从滤膜袋内部通过滤膜 B端上的孔隙向外流动，对滤膜 B处产生一定的反冲洗效果，达到延长滤膜寿命的目的；第三，即使是静止放置的水容器，由于受温度等因素的影响，该水容器内部的水体在微观上也做由 C到 D、或由 D到 C方向的微量运动，这些微量运动对滤膜壁上的做布朗运动的杂质也有一定的搅扰作用，使杂质不易附着在滤膜壁上，对延长滤膜寿命很有利。 This embodiment adopts a bag-shaped porous filter membrane, which is less likely to be clogged, for the following reasons: First, as shown in Fig. 8, the filter bag has two faces A and B, and the bag-shaped porous filter membrane 2' can be in a small space. The inside multiply increases the area of the filter membrane, reduces the adhesion of impurities, and prolongs the life of the filter membrane. Second, as long as there is water flow in the pipeline, pressure will be generated in a part of the filter bag, as shown in Figure 8, the water flow is produced at the A end. The pressure is transmitted to the water body g inside the filter bag, and water pressure is generated inside the filter bag. Part of the water flows outward from the inside of the filter bag through the pores on the B end of the filter. , to produce a certain backwashing effect on the filter B, to achieve the purpose of extending the life of the filter; Third, even if the water container is placed at rest, due to temperature and other factors, the water inside the water container is microscopically Do a small amount of motion from C to D, or from D to C. These micro-movements also have some disturbance to the Brownian motion of the filter wall, making it difficult for impurities to adhere to the filter wall. Life is very favorable.

此外，正是基于上述理由，使得本实施例的渗灌头不仅能够适用于较大规模的渗灌 ***，而且也适用于小型或便携式渗灌装置（具体请参见下一实施例）。 Further, it is for the above reasons that the permeating head of the present embodiment can be applied not only to a large-scale percolation system but also to a small or portable percolating apparatus (see the next embodiment for details).

下面结合附图 13介绍本实施例的该渗灌装置的制造方法： The manufacturing method of the permeating device of the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG.

对应前述内插式结构，该制造方法包括以下步骤： Al.成型包括一个或一个以上的限流孔的限流器 3; Corresponding to the aforementioned interpolation structure, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: Al. forming a flow restrictor 3 comprising one or more restriction orifices;

Bl、提供多孔滤膜 2，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径；将所述多孔滤膜 2的边缘紧密接合 (如焊接)在所述限流器进口的边缘，形成袋状，该滤膜袋内部形成过滤部，且使得所述限流器 3的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜 2的总渗水能力； Cl、将一个或一个以上的装设有袋状多孔滤膜 2的限流器 3 (渗灌头）装设于一具有第一和第二纵向边缘 13、 15的塑料片 1上； Bl, providing a porous membrane 2 such that the maximum pore diameter of the orifice is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane; the edges of the porous membrane 2 are tightly joined (eg, welded) at the edge of the inlet of the restrictor, Forming a bag shape, the filter bag internally forms a filter portion, and the total water permeability of the restrictor 3 is smaller than the total water permeability of the porous filter 2; Cl, one or more bags are provided The restrictor 3 (permeating head) of the porous membrane 2 is mounted on a plastic sheet 1 having first and second longitudinal edges 13, 15;

DK 采用热熔或胶粘的方法将所述塑料片 1的第一、第二纵向边沿 13、 15接合形成管状。 The DK is formed into a tubular shape by joining the first and second longitudinal edges 13, 15 of the plastic sheet 1 by means of hot melt or gluing.

对应前述外内插式结构（参见图 10) ，该制造方法包括以下步骤： Corresponding to the aforementioned external interpolation structure (see Fig. 10), the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

A2.成型包括一个或一个以上的限流孔的限流器 3; A2. Forming a flow restrictor 3 comprising one or more restriction orifices;

B2、提供多孔滤膜 2，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径；将所述多孔滤膜的边缘紧密接合 (如焊接)在一具有第一和第二纵向边缘的塑料片的开口处，形成袋状，该滤膜袋内部形成过滤部，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力； B2, providing a porous membrane 2 such that the maximum pore diameter of the orifice is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane; the edges of the porous membrane are tightly joined (eg, welded) to have a first and second longitudinal edges The opening of the plastic sheet is formed into a bag shape, and the filter bag has a filter portion formed therein, and the total water permeability of the restrictor is smaller than the total water permeability of the porous filter;

C2、将一个或一个以上的限流器对应接合于该塑料片 1的开口处； C2, one or more flow restrictors are correspondingly joined to the opening of the plastic sheet 1;

D2、采用热熔或胶粘的方法将所述塑料片的第一、第二纵向边 13、 15沿接合形成管状。 D2, the first and second longitudinal sides 13, 15 of the plastic sheet are joined to form a tubular shape by hot melt or gluing.

上述制造方法中，并不限定该步骤 Al、 B1及 A2、 B2的先后顺序，特此说明。实施例 6 In the above manufacturing method, the order of the steps A1, B1, A2, and B2 is not limited, and the details thereof will be described. Example 6

如图 11所示，其为本发明的实施例 6的结构示意图。本实施例的渗灌头的结构可与实施例 5相同，即该渗灌头包括袋状多孔滤膜 2' 和与其密合的限流器 3，其不同之处在于该渗灌头是直接装设于一储水容器 1 ' 的底壁，即本实施例的渗灌装置包括储水容器 1 ' 及渗灌头，其中，该储水容器上端具有注水口 11 ' ，其底部具有插口 12' ，该渗灌头即安装在该插口 12' 处。储水容器 1 ' 内的水只有经过袋状多孔滤膜 2' 进入袋内，并经过限流器 3才能流出该渗灌装置外，本实施例中，多孔滤膜 2' 的孔径也小于限流器 3，限流器 3不会被堵塞；而且限流器的总渗水能力同样小于多孔滤膜的总渗水能力。 As shown in Fig. 11, it is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention. The structure of the permeating head of the present embodiment can be the same as that of the embodiment 5, that is, the permeating head comprises a bag-shaped porous membrane 2' and a restrictor 3 which is in close contact therewith, except that the permeating head is directly The bottom of the water storage container 1', that is, the permeating device of the present embodiment includes a water storage container 1' and a drip irrigation head, wherein the upper end of the water storage container has a water injection port 11' and a socket 12 at the bottom thereof. ', the seepage head is installed at the socket 12'. The water in the water storage container 1' enters the bag only through the bag-shaped porous membrane 2', and passes through the restrictor 3 to flow out of the percolating device. In this embodiment, the pore diameter of the porous membrane 2' is also less than the limit. The flow restrictor 3, the restrictor 3 is not blocked; and the total water permeability of the restrictor is also smaller than the total water permeability of the porous membrane.

本实施例采用袋状多孔滤膜，其更不易被堵塞。而且，该渗灌装置结构简单，安装、携带方便，利于推广应用。本实施例的制造方法可参照实施例 5，此处不再赘述。虽然本发明已以具体实施例揭示，但其并非用以限定本发明，任何本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的构思和范围的前提下所作出的等同组件的置换，或依本发明专利保护范围所作的等同变化与修饰，皆应仍属本专利涵盖的范畴。 This embodiment employs a bag-shaped porous filter membrane which is less likely to be clogged. Moreover, the percolating device has a simple structure, is convenient to install and carry, and is advantageous for popularization and application. For the manufacturing method of this embodiment, refer to Embodiment 5, and details are not described herein again. The present invention has been disclosed in terms of specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the invention, and any equivalents of the equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Equivalent changes and modifications made to the scope of patent protection shall remain within the scope of this patent.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

1、一种渗灌头，其中，该渗灌头包括多孔滤膜及对应的一个或一个以上的限流器，所述限流器包括进口和出口，所述多孔滤膜在所述限流器的进口一端形成有过滤部，所述限流器包括一个或一个以上的限流孔，所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径，且所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力。 What is claimed is: 1. An irrigation head, wherein the irrigation head comprises a porous membrane and a corresponding one or more flow restrictors, the flow restrictor comprising an inlet and an outlet, and the porous membrane is in the current limiting The inlet end of the device is formed with a filtering portion, and the restrictor includes one or more restricting holes, the maximum pore diameter of the restricting hole is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, and the total water permeability of the restrictor Less than the total water permeability of the porous membrane.

2、如权利要求 1所述的渗灌头，其中，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 20微米。 2. The irrigation head of claim 1 wherein said porous membrane has a maximum pore size of less than 20 microns.

3、如权利要求 1所述的渗灌头，其中，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 10微米。3. The irrigation head of claim 1 wherein said porous membrane has a maximum pore size of less than 10 microns.

4、如权利要求 1 所述的渗灌头，其中，所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的五倍以上。 The permeating head according to claim 1, wherein the porous membrane has a total water permeability of more than five times the total water permeability of the one or more restrictors.

5、如权利要求 1 所述的渗灌头，其中，所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的十倍以上。 The permeating head according to claim 1, wherein the porous membrane has a total water permeability of more than ten times the total water permeability of the corresponding one or more restrictors.

6、如权利要求 1 所述的渗灌头，其中，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的五倍以上。 The permeating head according to claim 1, wherein the restricting orifice has a maximum pore diameter of more than five times the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane.

7、如权利要求 1 所述的渗灌头，其中，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的十倍以上。 The permeating head according to claim 1, wherein a maximum pore diameter of the restricted orifice is ten times or more of a maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane.

8、如权利要求 1 所述的渗灌头，其中，所述多孔滤膜与限流孔是由同种材料一体制成。 The permeating head according to claim 1, wherein the porous membrane and the restriction orifice are integrally formed of the same material.

9、如权利要求 8所述的渗灌头，其中，所述材料为多孔陶瓷。 9. The drip irrigation head according to claim 8, wherein the material is a porous ceramic.

10、如权利要求 1 所述的渗灌头，其中，所述多孔滤膜呈袋状，且其袋口与所述限流器的进口边缘相固定并密合。 The permeating head according to claim 1, wherein the porous filter membrane has a bag shape, and a pocket thereof is fixed and tightly fitted to an inlet edge of the restrictor.

11、一种渗灌装置，其中，该渗灌装置包括容水腔及其腔壁上设置的一个或一个以上的渗灌头，所述容水腔具有一个或一个以上的连接部，所述渗灌头包括多孔滤膜及对应的一个或一个以上的限流器，所述多孔滤膜在该容水腔内形成有过滤部，所述限流器包括设置于所述容水腔内部的进口和设置于所述容水腔外部的出口，所述限流器密合固定于对应的连接部处，且其进口与该过滤部相连通，所述限流器包括一个或一个以上的限流孔，所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径，且所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力，所述容水腔内的水只有先经过所述多孔滤膜过滤、再进入限流器后才能流出成为灌溉水。 11. A percolating device, wherein the percolating device comprises a water receiving chamber and one or more irrigation heads disposed on a chamber wall, the water receiving chamber having one or more connecting portions, The permeating head comprises a porous filter membrane and a corresponding one or more flow restrictors, wherein the porous filter membrane is formed with a filtering portion in the water-receiving chamber, and the restrictor comprises an inner portion disposed in the water-receiving chamber An inlet and an outlet disposed outside the water-receiving chamber, the restrictor is closely fixed to the corresponding connecting portion, and an inlet thereof is connected to the filtering portion, and the restrictor includes one or more limits a flow hole having a maximum pore diameter larger than a maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane, and a total water permeability of the restrictor is smaller than a total water permeability of the porous membrane, and the water in the water chamber is only After being filtered through the porous membrane and then entering the restrictor, it can be discharged into irrigation water.

12、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述渗灌头的多孔滤膜至少覆盖在所述容水腔的对应连接部的部分内壁上，以在该多孔滤膜及其覆盖的内壁间形成所述过滤部。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the porous filter of the drenching head covers at least The inner wall of a portion of the corresponding connecting portion of the water-receiving chamber forms the filtering portion between the porous filter membrane and the inner wall thereof.

13、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述渗灌头的多孔滤膜呈袋状，且其袋口与所述限流器的进口边缘固定密合，该滤膜袋内部构成所述过滤部。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the porous filter membrane of the drenching head has a bag shape, and a bag mouth is fixedly fitted with an inlet edge of the restrictor, and the inside of the filter bag is The filter unit is configured.

14、如权利要求 12或 13所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述容水腔为连接到水源的输水管，该输水管的管壁上设有所述连接部，所述输水管的一端设置有开关或在所述输水管内部安装可定时启动的微型水泵，以使得管道中的水运动，清理多孔滤膜上的杂质。 The permeating device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the water receiving chamber is a water pipe connected to a water source, the connecting portion of the water pipe is provided with the connecting portion, and one end of the water pipe A switch or a micro-pump that can be started periodically is installed inside the water pipe to move water in the pipe to clean impurities on the porous filter membrane.

15、如权利要求 13所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述容水腔为储水容器，该储水容器具有注水口，所述连接部为设置于储水容器底部的插口，所述渗灌头装设于该储水容器的插口处。 The percolating device according to claim 13, wherein the water receiving chamber is a water storage container, the water storage container has a water injection port, and the connecting portion is a socket disposed at a bottom of the water storage container, the seepage The filling head is installed at the socket of the water storage container.

16、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述渗灌头为内插式结构，所述连接部为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，该限流器外壳呈倒锥形，较大一端为进口端，可将其由所述容水腔的插口处从内向外插置固定。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the permeating head is an insert structure, the connecting portion is a socket provided on the wall of the water receiving chamber, and the restrictor housing has a reverse taper shape. The larger end is the inlet end, which can be inserted and fixed from the inside to the outside of the socket of the water receiving chamber.

17、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述渗灌头为外插式结构，所述连接部为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，该限流器上部具有颈部，该颈部可卡合于所述连接部。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the permeating head is an external plug-in structure, the connecting portion is a socket provided on the wall of the water-receiving chamber, and the upper portion of the restrictor has a neck portion. The neck can be engaged with the connecting portion.

18、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述容水腔为输水管上连接的外接壳体，该外接壳体的内部与输水管内部连通，所述多孔滤膜覆盖在该外接壳体的内壁上，所述输水管内的水流动，其中部分水流入外接壳体，这些水只有先经过外接壳体内的多孔滤膜过滤、再进入限流器后才能流出成为灌溉水。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the water receiving chamber is an outer casing connected to the water pipe, and the inside of the outer casing communicates with the inside of the water pipe, and the porous filter membrane covers the On the inner wall of the outer casing, the water in the water pipe flows, and part of the water flows into the outer casing. The water can only flow out into the irrigation water after being filtered through the porous membrane in the outer casing and then entering the restrictor.

19、如权利要求 11 所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 20 微米。 19. The percolating device of claim 11, wherein the porous membrane has a maximum pore size of less than 20 microns.

20、如权利要求 11 所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 10 微米。 20. The percolating device of claim 11, wherein the porous membrane has a maximum pore size of less than 10 microns.

21、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的五倍以上。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the porous membrane has a total water permeability of more than five times the total water permeability of the one or more restrictors.

22、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的十倍以上。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the porous membrane has a total water permeability of more than ten times the total water permeability of the one or more restrictors.

23、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的五倍以上。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the maximum diameter of the restriction orifice is more than five times the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane.

24、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的十倍以上。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein a maximum pore diameter of the restrictor hole is the porous The filter has a maximum pore diameter of more than ten times.

25、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述多孔滤膜与限流孔是由同种材料一体制成。 The percolating device according to claim 11, wherein the porous membrane and the restriction orifice are integrally formed of the same material.

26、如权利要求 11所述的渗灌装置，其中，所述材料为多孔陶瓷。 The percolating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the material is a porous ceramic.

27、一种渗灌方法，是在一容水腔连接部安装一渗灌头，渗灌头包括多孔滤膜及对应的一个或一个以上的限流器，所述限流器包括进口和出口，所述多孔滤膜在所述限流器的进口一端形成有过滤部，所述限流器包括一个或一个以上的限流孔，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力，进行灌溉时，是先由容水腔内的多孔滤膜对来水进行过滤，然后将过滤后的过滤水通过限流器流出。 27. An infiltration method comprising installing a permeating head at a water chamber connection, the permeating head comprising a porous membrane and a corresponding one or more restrictors, the restrictor comprising an inlet and an outlet The porous filter membrane is formed with a filter portion at one end of the inlet of the restrictor, the flow restrictor including one or more restriction holes, and the total water permeability of the flow restrictor is smaller than the porous The total water permeability of the membrane is filtered by the porous membrane in the water chamber before the filtered water passes through the restrictor.

28、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述渗灌头的多孔滤膜至少覆盖在该容水腔的对应渗灌头的部分内壁上，以在该多孔滤膜及其覆盖的内壁间形成所述过滤部。 The percolating method according to claim 27, wherein the porous filter membrane of the perfusion head covers at least a part of the inner wall of the corresponding permeating head of the water-receiving chamber to cover the porous membrane and the porous membrane The filter portion is formed between the inner walls.

29、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述渗灌头的多孔滤膜呈袋状，且其袋口与所述限流器的进口边缘固定密合，该滤膜袋内部构成所述过滤部。 The percolating method according to claim 27, wherein the porous filter membrane of the drenching head has a bag shape, and a bag mouth is fixedly fitted to an inlet edge of the restrictor, and the inside of the filter bag is The filter unit is configured.

30、如权利要求 28或 29所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述容水腔为连接到水源的输水管，该输水管的管壁上设有所述连接部。 The percolating method according to claim 28 or 29, wherein the water receiving chamber is a water pipe connected to a water source, and the connecting portion is provided on a pipe wall of the water pipe.

31、如权利要求 29所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述容水腔为储水容器，该储水容器具有注水口和插口。 The percolating method according to claim 29, wherein the water receiving chamber is a water storage container, and the water storage container has a water injection port and a socket.

32、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述渗灌头为内插式结构，所述连接部为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，该限流器外壳呈倒锥形，较大一端为进口端，安装时是将其由所述容水腔的插口处从内向外插置固定。 The percolating method according to claim 27, wherein the permeating head is an interpolating structure, the connecting portion is a socket provided on a wall of the water receiving chamber, and the restrictor housing has a reverse taper shape The larger end is the inlet end, and is installed by inserting and fixing the socket of the water-receiving chamber from the inside to the outside.

33、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述渗灌头为外插式结构，所述连接部为该容水腔壁上设置的插口，该限流器上部具有颈部，安装时是将该颈部卡合于所述容水腔的插口。 The percolating method according to claim 27, wherein the permeating head is an external plug-in structure, the connecting portion is a socket provided on the wall of the water-receiving chamber, and the upper portion of the restrictor has a neck portion. When installed, the neck is engaged with the socket of the water receiving chamber.

34、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述容水腔为输水管上连接的外接壳体，该外接壳体的内部与输水管内部连通，所述多孔滤膜覆盖在该外接壳体的内壁上，所述输水管内的水流动，其中部分水流入外接壳体，这些水只有先经过外接壳体内的多孔滤膜过滤、再进入限流器后才能流出成为灌溉水。 The percolating method according to claim 27, wherein the water receiving chamber is an outer casing connected to the water pipe, and the inside of the outer casing communicates with the inside of the water pipe, and the porous filter membrane covers the On the inner wall of the outer casing, the water in the water pipe flows, and part of the water flows into the outer casing. The water can only flow out into the irrigation water after being filtered through the porous membrane in the outer casing and then entering the restrictor.

35、如权利要求 27 所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 20 微米。 The percolation method according to claim 27, wherein the porous membrane has a maximum pore diameter of less than 20 μm.

36、如权利要求 27 所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述多孔滤膜的最大孔径小于 10 微米。 The percolation method according to claim 27, wherein the porous membrane has a maximum pore diameter of less than 10 μm.

37、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，该多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的五倍以上。 37. The method according to claim 27, wherein the porous membrane has a total water permeability of more than five times the total water permeability of the one or more current restrictors.

38、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，该多孔滤膜的总渗水能力为对应的所述一个或一个以上的限流器的总渗水能力的十倍以上。 38. The method according to claim 27, wherein the porous membrane has a total water permeability of more than ten times the total water permeability of the one or more restrictors.

39、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的五倍以上。 The percolation method according to claim 27, wherein the maximum pore diameter of the restriction orifice is more than five times the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane.

40、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述限流孔的最大孔径为所述多孔滤膜最大孔径的十倍以上。 The percolation method according to claim 27, wherein the maximum pore diameter of the restriction orifice is more than ten times the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane.

41、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述多孔滤膜与限流孔是由同种材料一体制成。 The percolating method according to claim 27, wherein the porous membrane and the restriction orifice are integrally formed of the same material.

42、如权利要求 27所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述材料为多孔陶瓷。 The percolating method according to claim 27, wherein the material is a porous ceramic.

43、如权利要求 30所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述输水管的一端设置有开关，根据需要打开开关放出一些水，整个管道中的就会流动，从而对多孔滤膜进行很有效的冲刷。 The percolating method according to claim 30, wherein one end of the water pipe is provided with a switch, and the switch is opened as needed to discharge some water, and the whole pipe flows, thereby effectively performing the porous filter film. Scour.

44、如权利要求 30所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述输水管上安装微型水泵，可使得管道中的水运动，清理多孔滤膜上的杂质。 44. The method according to claim 30, wherein the micro water pump is installed on the water pipe to move water in the pipe to clean impurities on the porous filter membrane.

45、如权利要求 44所述的渗灌方法，其中，所述微型水泵可定时启动。 45. The method according to claim 44, wherein the micro water pump is timed to start.

46、一种渗灌装置的制造方法，其包括以下步骤： 46. A method of manufacturing a drip irrigation device, comprising the steps of:

47、一种渗灌装置的制造方法，其包括以下步骤： 47. A method of manufacturing a drip irrigation device, comprising the steps of:

Bl、提供多孔滤膜，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径；将所述多孔滤膜的边缘紧密接合在所述限流器进口的边缘，形成袋状，该滤膜袋内部形成过滤部，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力； Bl, providing a porous filter, such that the maximum pore diameter of the restricted orifice is larger than the maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane; and the edge of the porous membrane is tightly joined to the edge of the inlet of the restrictor to form a bag shape, the filter The inside of the film bag has been formed a filter portion, and the total water permeability of the flow restrictor is less than a total water permeability of the porous filter membrane;

48、一种渗灌装置的制造方法，其包括以下步骤： 48. A method of manufacturing a drip irrigation device, comprising the steps of:

A2.成型包括一个或一个以上的限流孔的限流器； A2. Forming a flow restrictor comprising one or more restriction orifices;

B2、提供多孔滤膜，使得所述限流孔的最大孔径大于多孔滤膜的最大孔径；将所述多孔滤膜的边缘紧密接合在一具有第一和第二纵向边缘的塑料片的开口处，形成袋状，该滤膜袋内部形成过滤部，且使得所述限流器的总渗水能力小于所述多孔滤膜的总渗水能力； B2, providing a porous filter membrane such that a maximum pore diameter of the orifice is larger than a maximum pore diameter of the porous membrane; and closely bonding an edge of the porous membrane to an opening of a plastic sheet having first and second longitudinal edges Forming a bag shape, forming a filter portion inside the filter bag, and making the total water permeability of the restrictor smaller than the total water permeability of the porous filter;

49、如权利要求 46、 47或 48所述的制造方法，其中，是采用热熔或胶粘的方法将所述第一、第二纵向边沿接合。 The manufacturing method according to claim 46, 47 or 48, wherein said first and second longitudinal edges are joined by a hot melt or adhesive method.

50、如权利要求 46、 47或 48所述的制造方法，其中，是采用焊接或压接方法将所述多孔滤膜接合于该塑料片或限流器。 50. The manufacturing method according to claim 46, 47 or 48, wherein the porous filter membrane is joined to the plastic sheet or the flow restrictor by welding or crimping.